August 7

This day marks the approximate midpoint of summer in the Northern Hemisphere and of winter in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the June solstice).

Events
 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the magister militum Ricimer.
 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Constantinople.
 768 – Pope Stephen III is elected to office, and quickly seeks Frankish protection against the Lombard threat, since the Byzantine Empire is no longer able to help.
 936 – Coronation of King Otto I of Germany.
1461 – The Ming dynasty Chinese military general Cao Qin stages a coup against the Tianshun Emperor.
1479   – Battle of Guinegate, French troops of King Louis XI were defeated by the Burgundians led by Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg.
1679 – The brigantine Le Griffon, commissioned by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the south-eastern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Great Lakes of North America.
1714 – The Battle of Gangut: The first important victory of the Russian Navy.
1782 – George Washington orders the creation of the Badge of Military Merit to honor soldiers wounded in battle. It is later renamed to the more poetic Purple Heart.
1786 – The first federal Indian Reservation is created by the United States.
1789 – The United States Department of War is established.
1791 – American troops destroy the Miami town of Kenapacomaqua near the site of present-day Logansport, Indiana in the Northwest Indian War.
1794 – U.S. President George Washington invokes the Militia Acts of 1792 to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion in western Pennsylvania.
1819 – Simón Bolívar triumphs over Spain in the Battle of Boyacá.
1858 – The first Australian rules football match is played between Melbourne Grammar and Scotch College.
1890 – Anna Månsdotter became the last woman to be executed in Sweden for the 1889 Yngsjö murder.
1909 – Alice Huyler Ramsey and three friends become the first women to complete a transcontinental auto trip, taking 59 days to travel from New York, New York to San Francisco, California.
1927 – The Peace Bridge opens between Fort Erie, Ontario and Buffalo, New York.
1930 – The last confirmed lynching of blacks in the Northern United States occurs in Marion, Indiana; two men, Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith, are killed.<ref name="Bradley">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenation.com/article/anatomy-murder/|author= David Bradley|title=Anatomy of a Murder: Review of Cynthia Carr's Our Town"|website=The Nation|date= May 24, 2006|access-date=Feb 4, 2020}}</ref>
1933 – The Kingdom of Iraq slaughters over 3,000 Assyrians in the village of Simele. This date is recognized as Martyrs Day or National Day of Mourning by the Assyrian community in memory of the Simele massacre.
1942 – World War II: The Battle of Guadalcanal begins as the United States Marines initiate the first American offensive of the war with landings on Guadalcanal and Tulagi in the Solomon Islands.
1944 – IBM dedicates the first program-controlled calculator, the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (known best as the Harvard Mark I).
1946 – The government of the Soviet Union presented a note to its Turkish counterparts which refuted the latter's sovereignty over the Turkish Straits, thus beginning the Turkish Straits crisis.
1947 – Thor Heyerdahl's balsa wood raft the Kon-Tiki, smashes into the reef at Raroia in the Tuamotu Islands after a 101-day,  journey across the Pacific Ocean in an attempt to prove that pre-historic peoples could have traveled from South America.
  1947   – The Bombay Municipal Corporation formally takes over the Bombay Electric Supply and Transport (BEST).
1959   – Explorer program: Explorer 6 launches from the Atlantic Missile Range in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
1960 – Ivory Coast becomes independent from France.
1962 – Canadian-born American pharmacologist Frances Oldham Kelsey awarded the U.S. President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service for her refusal to authorize thalidomide.
1964 – Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on American forces.
1969 – Richard Nixon appoints Luis R. Bruce, a Mohawk-Oglala Sioux and co-founder of the National Congress of American Indians, as the new commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
1970 – California judge Harold Haley is taken hostage in his courtroom and killed during an effort to free George Jackson from police custody.
1974 – Philippe Petit performs a high wire act between the twin towers of the World Trade Center  in the air.
1976 – Viking program: Viking 2 enters orbit around Mars.
1978 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter declares a federal emergency at Love Canal due to toxic waste that had been disposed of negligently.
1981 – The Washington Star'' ceases all operations after 128 years of publication.
1985 – Takao Doi, Mamoru Mohri and Chiaki Mukai are chosen to be Japan's first astronauts.
1987 – Lynne Cox becomes first person to swim from the United States to the Soviet Union, crossing the Bering Strait from Little Diomede Island in Alaska to Big Diomede in the Soviet Union.>
1989 – U.S. Congressman Mickey Leland (D-TX) and 15 others die in a plane crash in Ethiopia.
1990 – First American soldiers arrive in Saudi Arabia as part of the Gulf War.
1993 – Ada Deer, a Menominee activist, sworn in as the head of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
1998 – Bombings at United States embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya kill approximately 212 people.
1999 – The Chechnya-based Islamic International Brigade invades neighboring Dagestan.
2008 – The start of the Russo-Georgian War over the territory of South Ossetia.

Births
 317 – Constantius II, Roman emperor (d. 361)
1282 – Elizabeth of Rhuddlan (d. 1316)
1533 – Alonso de Ercilla, Spanish soldier and poet (d. 1595)
1560 – Elizabeth Báthory, Hungarian aristocrat and serial killer (d. 1614)
1571 – Thomas Lupo, English viol player and composer (d. 1627)
1574 – Robert Dudley, English explorer and cartographer (d. 1649)
1598 – Georg Stiernhielm, Swedish poet and linguist (d. 1672)
1613 – William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, Dutch stadtholder (d. 1664)
1702 – Muhammad Shah, Mughal emperor of India (d. 1748)
1726 – James Bowdoin, American banker and politician, 2nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1790)
1742 – Nathanael Greene, American general (d. 1786)
1751 – Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange (d. 1820)
1779 – Louis de Freycinet, French navigator and explorer (d. 1842)
  1779   – Carl Ritter, German geographer and academic (d. 1859)
1844 – Auguste Michel-Lévy, French geologist and author (d. 1911)
1860 – Alan Leo, English astrologer and author (d. 1917)
1862 – Henri Le Sidaner, French painter (d. 1939)
  1862   – Victoria of Baden (d. 1931)
1867 – Emil Nolde, Danish-German painter and illustrator (d. 1956)
1868 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian-German economist and statistician (d. 1931)
  1868   – Huntley Wright, English actor (d. 1941)
1869 – Mary Frances Winston,  American mathematician (d. 1959)
1876 – Mata Hari, Dutch dancer and spy (d. 1917)
1879 – Johannes Kotze, South African cricketer (d. 1931)
1884 – Billie Burke, American actress and singer (d. 1970)
  1884   – Nikolai Triik, Estonian painter and illustrator (d. 1940)
1887 – Anna Elisabet Weirauch, German author and playwright (d. 1970)
1890 – Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, American author and activist (d. 1964)
1901 – Ann Harding, American actress and singer (d. 1981)
1903 – Louis Leakey, Kenyan-English palaeontologist and archaeologist (d. 1972)
1904 – Ralph Bunche, American political scientist, academic, and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
1907 – Albert Kotin, Belarusian-American soldier and painter (d. 1980)
1910 – Freddie Slack, American pianist and bandleader (d. 1965)
1911 – István Bibó, Hungarian lawyer and politician (d. 1979)
  1911   – Nicholas Ray, American director and screenwriter (d. 1979)
1913 – George Van Eps, American guitarist (d. 1998)
1916 – Kermit Love,  American actor, puppeteer, and costume designer (d. 2008)
1918 – C. Buddingh', Dutch poet and translator (d. 1985)
  1918   – Gordon Zahn, American sociologist and author (d. 2007)
1921 – Manitas de Plata, French guitarist (d. 2014)
  1921   – Karel Husa, Czech-American composer and conductor (d. 2016)
1924 – Kenneth Kendall, Indian-English journalist and actor (d. 2012)
1925 – Felice Bryant, American songwriter (d. 2003)
1926 – Stan Freberg, American puppeteer, voice actor, and singer (d. 2015)
1927 – Rocky Bridges, American baseball player and coach (d. 2015)
  1927   – Edwin Edwards, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 50th Governor of Louisiana
  1927   – Art Houtteman, American baseball player and journalist (d. 2003)
  1927   – Carl Switzer, American child actor and hunting guide (d. 1959)
1928 – Betsy Byars, American author and academic
  1928   – Owen Luder, English architect, designed Tricorn Centre and Trinity Square
  1928   – James Randi, Canadian-American magician and author
1929 – Don Larsen, American baseball player (d. 2020)
1930 – Togrul Narimanbekov, Azerbaijani-French painter and academic (d. 2013)
  1930   – Veljo Tormis, Estonian composer and educator
1931 – Jack Good, British television producer (d. 2017)
  1931   – Charles E. Rice, American scholar and author (d. 2015)
1932 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian runner (d. 1973)
  1932   – Edward Hardwicke, English actor (d. 2011)
  1932   – Rien Poortvliet, Dutch painter and illustrator (d. 1995)
  1932   – Maurice Rabb, Jr., American ophthalmologist and academic (d. 2005)
1933 – Eddie Firmani, South African footballer and manager
  1933   – Elinor Ostrom, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
  1933   – Jerry Pournelle, American journalist and author (d. 2017)
1934 – Sándor Simó, Hungarian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2001)
1935 – Rahsaan Roland Kirk, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1977)
1937 – Zoltán Berczik, Hungarian table tennis player and coach (d. 2011)
  1937   – Don Wilson, English cricketer and coach (d. 2012)
1940 – Jean-Luc Dehaene, French-Belgian lawyer and politician, 63rd Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2014)
1941 – Matthew Evans, Baron Evans of Temple Guiting, English publisher and politician
1942 – Garrison Keillor, American humorist, novelist, short story writer, and radio host
  1942   – Carlos Monzon, Argentinian boxer and actor (d. 1995)
  1942   – Caetano Veloso, Brazilian singer, writer and producer
  1942   – Richard Sykes, English biochemist and academic
  1942   – B. J. Thomas, American singer
1943 – Mohammed Badie, Egyptian religious leader
  1943   – Lana Cantrell, Australian singer-songwriter and lawyer
  1943   – Alain Corneau, French director and screenwriter (d. 2010)
1944 – John Glover, American actor
  1944   – Robert Mueller, American soldier and lawyer, 6th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
1945 – Kenny Ireland, Scottish actor and director (d. 2014)
  1945   – Alan Page, American football player and jurist
1947 – Franciscus Henri, Dutch-Australian singer-songwriter
  1947   – Sofia Rotaru, Ukrainian singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
1948 – Marty Appel, American businessman and author
  1948   – Greg Chappell, Australian cricketer and coach
1949 – Walid Jumblatt, Lebanese journalist and politician
  1949   – Matthew Parris, South African-English journalist and politician
1950 – Rodney Crowell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  1950   – Alan Keyes, American politician and diplomat, 16th Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs
  1950   – S. Thandayuthapani, Sri Lankan educator and politician
1952 – Caroline Aaron, American actress and producer
  1952   – Eamonn Darcy, Irish golfer
  1952   – Kees Kist, Dutch footballer
  1952   – Alexei Sayle, English comedian, actor, and author
1953 – Anne Fadiman, American journalist and author
1954 – Valery Gazzaev, Russian footballer, manager and politician
  1954   – Jonathan Pollard, Israeli spy
  1954   – Alan Reid, Scottish politician
1955 – Wayne Knight, American actor, comedian and voice actor
  1955   – Greg Nickels, American lawyer and politician, 51st Mayor of Seattle
  1955   – Vladimir Sorokin, Russian author and playwright
1957 – Daire Brehan, Irish journalist, lawyer, and actress (d. 2012)
  1957   – Alexander Dityatin, Russian gymnast and colonel
1958 – Russell Baze, Canadian-American jockey
  1958   – Bruce Dickinson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  1958   – Alberto Salazar, Cuban-American runner and coach
1959 – Koenraad Elst, Belgian orientalist and author
  1959   – Ali Shah, Zimbabwean cricketer and coach
1960 – David Duchovny, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1961 – Brian Conley, English actor and singer
  1961   – Yelena Davydova, Russian gymnast
  1961   – Walter Swinburn, English jockey and trainer (d. 2016)
1962 – Alison Brown, American banjo player, songwriter, and producer
1963 – Paul Dunn, Australian rugby league player
  1963   – Nick Gillespie, American journalist and author
  1963   – Marcus Roberts, American pianist and educator
1964 – John Birmingham, English-Australian journalist and author
  1964   – Ian Dench, English guitarist and songwriter (EMF)
  1964   – Peter Niven, Scottish jockey
1965 – Raul Malo, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  1965   – Elizabeth Manley, Canadian figure skater
1966 – David Cairns, Scottish laicised priest and politician, Minister of State for Scotland (d. 2011)
  1966   – Shobna Gulati, British actress
  1966   – Kristin Hersh, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  1966   – Jimmy Wales, American businessman, co-founder of Wikipedia
1967 – Jason Grimsley, American baseball player
1968 – Francesca Gregorini, Italian-American director and screenwriter
  1968   – Trevor Hendy, Australian surfer and coach
  1968   – Sophie Lee, Australian actress and author
1969 – Paul Lambert, Scottish footballer and manager
  1969   – Dana G. Peleg, Israeli writer and LGBT activist
1970 – Eric Namesnik, American swimmer (d. 2006)
1971 – Dominic Cork, England cricketer and sportscaster
  1971   – Rachel York, American actress and singer
1972 – Gerry Peñalosa, Filipino boxer and promoter
1973 – Mikhail Gorsheniov, Russian singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
  1973   – Danny Graves, Vietnamese-American baseball player
  1973   – Kevin Muscat, English-Australian footballer, coach, and manager
1974 – Chico Benymon, American actor
  1974   – Michael Shannon, American actor
1975 – Koray Candemir, Turkish singer-songwriter
  1975   – Gerard Denton, Australian cricketer
  1975   – Megan Gale, Australian model and actress
  1975   – Ray Hill, American football player (d. 2015)
  1975   – Rebecca Kleefisch, American journalist and politician, 44th Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin
  1975   – Édgar Rentería, Colombian baseball player
  1975   – Charlize Theron, South African-American actress and producer
1976 – Dimitrios Eleftheropoulos, Greek footballer and manager
  1976   – Shane Lechler, American football player
1977 – Charlotte Ronson, English fashion designer
  1977   – Samantha Ronson, English singer-songwriter and DJ
  1977   – Justin Brooker, Rugby League Player
1978 – Alexandre Aja, French director, producer, and screenwriter
  1978   – Jamey Jasta, American singer-songwriter
  1978   – Mark McCammon, English-Barbadian footballer
  1978   – Cirroc Lofton, American actor
1979 – Eric Johnson, American actor, director, and screenwriter
  1979   – Miguel Llera, Spanish footballer
  1979   – Birgit Zotz, Austrian anthropologist and author
1980 – Carsten Busch, German footballer
  1980   – Aurélie Claudel, French model and actress
  1980   – Tácio Caetano Cruz Queiroz, Brazilian footballer
  1980   – Seiichiro Maki, Japanese footballer
1981 – David Testo, American soccer player
  1981   – Randy Wayne, American actor and producer
1982 – Ángeles Balbiani, Argentine actress and singer
  1982   – Abbie Cornish, Australian actress
  1982   – Juan Martín Hernández, Argentine rugby player
  1982   – Marquise Hill, American football player (d. 2007)
  1982   – Vassilis Spanoulis, Greek basketball player
  1982   – Martin Vučić, Macedonian singer and drummer
1983 – Christian Chávez, Mexican singer-songwriter and actor
  1983   – Murat Dalkılıç, Turkish singer-songwriter
  1983   – Danny, Portuguese footballer
  1983   – Andriy Hrivko, Ukrainian cyclist
  1983   – Mark Pettini, English cricketer and journalist
1984 – Stratos Perperoglou, Greek basketball player
  1984   – Tooba Siddiqui, Pakistani model and actress
  1984   – Yun Hyon-seok, South Korean poet and author (d. 2003)
1986 – Paul Biedermann, German swimmer
  1986   – Valter Birsa, Slovenian footballer
  1986   – Altaír Jarabo, Mexican model and actress
  1986   – Juan de la Rosa, Mexican boxer
1987 – Sidney Crosby, Canadian ice hockey player
  1987   – Mustapha Dumbuya, Sierra Leonean footballer
  1987   – Ryan Lavarnway, American baseball player
  1987   – Rouven Sattelmaier, German footballer
1988 – Jonathan Bernier, Canadian ice hockey player
  1988   – Mohamed Coulibaly, Senegalese footballer
  1988   – Anisa Mohammed, West Indian cricketer
  1988   – Melody Oliveria, American blogger
  1988   – Erik Pieters, Dutch footballer
  1988   – Beanie Wells, American football player
1989 – DeMar DeRozan, American basketball player
1990 – Josh Franceschi, English singer-songwriter
1991 – Luis Salom, Spanish motorcycle racer (d. 2016)
  1991   – Mitchell te Vrede, Dutch footballer
  1991   – Mike Trout, American baseball player
1992 – Adam Yates, English cyclist
  1992   – Simon Yates, English cyclist
  1992   – E. J. Tackett, American bowler
1993 – Martti Nõmme, Estonian ski jumper
  1993   – Karol Zalewski, Polish sprinter

Deaths
 461 – Majorian, Roman emperor (b. 420)
 707 – Li Chongjun, Chinese prince
1028 – Alfonso V, king of León (b. 994)
1106 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1050)
1234 – Hugh Foliot, bishop of Hereford (b. c. 1155)
1272 – Richard Middleton, English Lord Chancellor
1296 – Heinrich II von Rotteneck, prince-bishop of Regensburg
1385 – Joan of Kent, mother of Richard II (b. 1328)
1485 – Alexander Stewart, duke of Albany (b. 1454)
1547 – Cajetan, Italian priest and saint (b. 1480)
1613 – Thomas Fleming, English judge and politician, Lord Chief Justice of England (b. 1544)
1616 – Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect, designed Teatro Olimpico (b. 1548)
1632 – Robert de Vere, 19th Earl of Oxford, English soldier (b. 1575)
1635 – Friedrich Spee, German poet and academic (b. 1591)
1639 – Martin van den Hove, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (b. 1605)
1661 – Jin Shengtan, Chinese journalist and critic (b. 1608)
1787 – Francis Blackburne, English Anglican churchman and activist (b. 1705)
1817 – Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours, French economist and politician (b. 1739)
1834 – Joseph Marie Jacquard, French weaver and inventor, invented the Jacquard loom (b. 1752)
1848 – Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Swedish chemist and academic (b. 1779)
1855 – Mariano Arista, Mexican general and politician, 19th President of Mexico (b. 1802)
1864 – Li Xiucheng, Chinese field marshal (b. 1823)
1893 – Alfredo Catalani, Italian composer and academic (b. 1854)
1899 – Jacob Maris, Dutch painter and educator (b. 1837)
1900 – Wilhelm Liebknecht, German lawyer and politician (b. 1826)
1912 – François-Alphonse Forel, Swiss limnologist and academic (b. 1841)
1917 – Edwin Harris Dunning, South African-English commander and pilot (b. 1891)
1938 – Konstantin Stanislavski, Russian actor and director (b. 1863)
1941 – Rabindranath Tagore, Indian author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1861)
1948 – Charles Bryant, English-American actor and director (b. 1879)
1953 – Abner Powell, American baseball player and manager (b. 1860)
1957 – Oliver Hardy, American actor, singer, and director (b. 1892)
1958 – Elizabeth Foreman Lewis, American author and educator (b. 1892)
1960 – Luis Ángel Firpo, Argentine boxer (b. 1894)
1963 – Ramon Vila Capdevila, last of the Spanish Maquis, holding out after the end of the Spanish Civil War (b.1908)
1968 – Giovanni Bracco, Italian race car driver (b. 1908)
1969 – Jean Bastien, French professional footballer (b. 1915)
  1969   – Joseph Kosma, Hungarian-French composer (b. 1905)
1970 – Harold Haley, American lawyer and judge (b. 1904)
  1970   – Jonathan P. Jackson, American bodyguard (b. 1953)
1972 – Joi Lansing, American model, actress, and singer (b. 1929)
1973 – Jack Gregory, Australian cricketer (b. 1895)
1974 – Rosario Castellanos, Mexican poet and author (b. 1925)
  1974   – Sylvio Mantha, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1902)
1978 – Eddie Calvert, English trumpeter (b. 1922)
1981 – Gunnar Uusi, Estonian chess player (b. 1931)
1985 – Grayson Hall, American actress (b. 1922)
1987 – Camille Chamoun, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 7th President of Lebanon (b. 1900)
1989 – Mickey Leland, American lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
1994 – Larry Martyn, English actor (b. 1934)
1995 – Brigid Brophy, English author and critic (b. 1929)
2001 – Algirdas Lauritėnas, Lithuanian basketball player (b. 1932)
2003 – K. D. Arulpragasam, Sri Lankan zoologist and academic (b. 1931)
  2003   – Mickey McDermott, American baseball player and coach (b. 1929)
2004 – Red Adair, American firefighter (b. 1915)
  2004   – Colin Bibby, English ornithologist and academic (b. 1948)
2005 – Peter Jennings, Canadian-American journalist and author (b. 1938)
2006 – Mary Anderson Bain, American lawyer and politician (b. 1911)
2007 – Ernesto Alonso, Mexican actor, director, and producer (b. 1917)
  2007   – Angus Tait, New Zealand businessman, founded Tait Communications (b. 1919)
2008 – Bernie Brillstein, American talent agent and producer (b. 1931)
  2008   – Andrea Pininfarina, Italian engineer and businessman (b. 1957)
2009 – Louis E. Saavedra, American educator and politician, 48th Mayor of Albuquerque (b. 1933)
  2009   – Mike Seeger, American singer-songwriter (b. 1933)
2010 – John Nelder, English mathematician and statistician (b. 1924)
2011 – Mark Hatfield, American soldier, academic, and politician, 29th Governor of Oregon (b. 1922)
  2011   – Nancy Wake, New Zealand-English captain and spy (b. 1912)
2012 – Murtuz Alasgarov, Azerbaijani academic and politician, Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan (b. 1928)
  2012   – Judith Crist, American critic and academic (b. 1922)
  2012   – Vladimir Kobzev, Russian footballer and coach (b. 1959)
  2012   – Anna Piaggi, Italian journalist and author (b. 1931)
  2012   – Mayer Zald, American sociologist and academic (b. 1931)
  2012   – Dušan Zbavitel, Czech indologist and author (b. 1925)
2013 – Samuel G. Armistead, American linguist, historian, and academic (b. 1927)
  2013   – Almir Kayumov, Russian footballer (b. 1964)
  2013   – Anthony Pawson, English-Canadian biologist, chemist, and academic (b. 1952)
  2013   – Margaret Pellegrini, American actress and dancer (b. 1923)
  2013   – Meeli Truu, Estonian architect (d. 1946)
  2013   – Alexander Yagubkin, Russian boxer (b. 1961)
2014 – Víctor Fayad, Argentine lawyer and politician (b. 1955)
  2014   – Perry Moss, American football player and coach (b. 1926)
  2014   – Henry Stone, American record producer (b. 1921)
2015 – Manuel Contreras, Chilean general (b. 1929)
  2015   – Frances Oldham Kelsey, Canadian pharmacologist and physician (b. 1914)
  2015   – Louise Suggs, American golfer, co-founded LPGA (b. 1923)
2016 – Bryan Clauson, American racing driver (b. 1989)
2017 – Don Baylor, American baseball player (b. 1949)
  2017   – David Maslanka, American composer (b. 1943)
2018 – M. Karunanidhi, Indian politician, former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister and prominent leader of Tamils (b. 1924)
  2018 – Stan Mikita, Slovakian hockey player (b. 1940)

Holidays and observances
 Assyrian Martyrs Day (Assyrian community)
 Battle of Boyacá Day (Colombia)
 Christian feast day:
 Albert of Trapani
 Cajetan of Thienna
 Carpophorus and companions
 Dometius of Persia
 Donatus of Arezzo
 Donatus of Besançon
 Donatus of Muenstereifel
 John Mason Neale and Catherine Winkworth (Episcopal Church (USA))
 Nantovinus
 Pope Sixtus II
 August 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 Emancipation Day (Saint Kitts and Nevis)
 Republic Day (Ivory Coast)
 Youth Day (Kiribati)
 National Purple Heart Day (United States)

References

External links

 BBC: On This Day

 Today in Canadian History

Category:Days of the year
Category:August


Sevastyanovo, Vologda Oblast

Sevastyanovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Novlenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 205 as of 2002.

Geography
The distance to Vologda is 75 km, to Novlenskoye is 11 km. Khrebtovo is the nearest rural locality.

References

Category:Rural localities in Vologda Oblast


Morley Drive

Morley Drive is a major east-west road in the inner northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, connecting the residential areas of Balcatta, Osborne Park, Tuart Hill, Nollamara, Yokine, Dianella, and Morley with major North-South arterial roads including Wanneroo Road, Alexander Drive, and Tonkin Highway. The road is part of State Route 76, which connects the coastal suburb of Trigg, Western Australia, with the Swan Valley in the east. Morley Drive runs through the following local government areas city of Stirling, City of Bayswater and City of Swan

Morley Drive intersects Alexander Drive and The Strand at a hamburger roundabout, and Tonkin Highway as a roundabout interchange.

Morley Drive is controlled by Main Roads Western Australia for its entire length, and is designated as part of the Karrinyup-Morley Highway (H28).

Major intersections

See also

References

Category:Roads in Perth, Western Australia
Category:Articles containing video clips


Dan-Air Flight 1008

Dan-Air Flight 1008 was a fatal accident involving a Boeing 727-46 jet aircraft operated by Dan Air Services Limited on a non-scheduled international passenger service from Manchester to Tenerife. The crash, which occurred on 25 April 1980 in a forest on Tenerife's mount La Esperanza while the aircraft's flight deck crew wrongly executed an unpublished holding pattern in an area of very high ground, resulted in the aircraft's destruction and the deaths of all 146 on board (138 passengers and eight crew). Flight 1008 was Dan-Air's second major accident in 10 years and the worst accident killing fare-paying passengers in the airline's entire history.

Aircraft history and crew information
The aircraft, operated by Dan Air Services Ltd, was a Boeing 727–46 (construction/manufacturer's serial number: 19279, line number: 288, registration ) that had its first flight in 1966. Dan-Air obtained the aircraft in August 1974.

At the time of the accident, the airframe had accumulated 30,622 hours.

The captain and pilot in command was 50-year-old Arthur John Whelan, who had flown to Tenerife North Airport 58 times previously. He had 15,299 flight hours, including 1,912 hours on the Boeing 727. The first officer was 33-year-old Michael John Firth, who had flown to Tenerife North Airport nine times previously. He had 3,492 flight hours, including 618 hours on the Boeing 727. The flight engineer was 33-year-old Raymond John Carey, who had never flown to Tenerife North Airport before. He had 3,340 hours, though his experience on the Boeing 727 is not stated in the report.

Flight history
Flight 1008 was a charter flight from Manchester Airport, United Kingdom to Tenerife North Airport, Canary Islands, Spain. The flight was  from VOR/DME beacon 'TFN' when it was cleared onward to radio beacon 'FP' for an approach to runway 12 after it had reached 'TFN'. Initially at flight level (FL) 110, Dan-Air 1008 was then cleared to descend to FL 60. The crew reported overhead 'TFN' and was requested to join a non-standard holding pattern over the 'FP' beacon. This holding pattern was not a published procedure and the crew did not have a chart for it, but the instruction was accepted. In fact, the aircraft did not pass over 'FP' but flew to the south of the beacon and called "entering the hold". About a minute later, they were cleared to descend to .

Although the pilot in command had said he was entering the hold according to the Spanish air traffic controller's instructions, he actually turned the aircraft to the left towards the southeast into an area of high ground, where the minimum safe altitude was . When during the aircraft's descent towards  the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) activated, the crew reacted quickly and initiated a climb. With the engines on full power, the aircraft entered a steep turn to the right and struck mount La Esperanza at 13:21:15 local time. The aircraft was flying in cloud when it struck the mountain. The impact resulted in the aircraft's complete disintegration, killing everyone on board and leaving a debris trail  long.

Accident investigation and cause
The official (Spanish) investigation concluded that the cause of the accident was that the pilot in command, without taking account of the altitude at which he was flying, took the aircraft into an area of high terrain and thereby failed to maintain a safe height above the terrain. A British addendum to the report found that tardy and ambiguous directions from air traffic control regarding the unpublished hold directly contributed to the disorientation of the aircraft commander. The addendum also found that the unpublished track onto which the aircraft was directed required tight turns to be flown. These were practically unflyable, making entry into the region of high ground inevitable for an aircraft flying this track, even without the navigational errors made by Dan-Air 1008. Further, the addendum found that the directed altitude of  was inadequate for this holding pattern, and that the minimum altitude for entry into the holding pattern should have been  (with a minimum altitude of  for the pattern itself), had a minimum safe altitude calculation been performed ahead of time by a competent authority. The addendum concluded that the accident would not have occurred if the aircraft had not been cleared below .

Memorial in Southern Cemetery, Manchester

A memorial in Southern Cemetery, Manchester commemorates the victims of the disaster, whose names are inscribed on a series of slate tablets within a small grassed enclosure. There also exists a garden of remembrance aside of All Saints Church in Taoro Parque (Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife), as passengers of the descended flight were members of the Anglican Parish there.

Notes

References
 UK CAA Document CAA 429 World Airline Accident Summary
 Final Report – Spanish Civil Aviation Accident Commission
 English translation hosted by the UK Air Accidents Investigation Branch: Report No.8/1981 Report on the accident to Boeing 727, G-BDAN on Tenerife, Canary Islands, 25 April 1980 (Archive).
Appendices of English version (Archive)
 Original Spanish version available on request from the Civil Aviation Accident and Incident Investigation Commission

Further reading
 The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993
 Kompass – Winter 1974/75 Edition, Dan Air Services Ltd, West Berlin, 1974
 Berlin Airport Company — Report on Dan-Air's Berlin operation, July 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975
 In Flight – Silver Jubilee Anniversary Edition, Dan Air Services Ltd, London, 1978
 Airliner Classics (Dan-Air – Popular British Charter operator: The Boeing 727), Key Publishing, Stamford, UK, November 2011

External links

 Aviation Safety Network
 Airline Profile: Number Forty-Three in the Series – Dan-Air, Flight International, 31 May 1973, pp. 836/7
 Airline Profile: Number Forty-Three in the Series – Dan-Air, Flight International, 31 May 1973, p. 839
 Dan-Air: cautious optimism, Air Transport, Flight International, 31 October 1974, p. 589
 Dan-Air Boeing 727–46 G-BDAN at Manchester Airport on 5 April 1980 (photo)

Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1980
Category:Airliner accidents and incidents involving controlled flight into terrain
Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Spain
Category:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 727
Category:Dan-Air accidents and incidents
Category:1980 in Spain
Category:Tenerife
Category:History of the Canary Islands
Category:April 1980 events in Europe


Whitefield Township

Whitefield Township may refer to the following townships in the United States:

 Whitefield Township, Marshall County, Illinois
 Whitefield Township, Kandiyohi County, Minnesota


Hwang Te-song

Hwang Te-Song (born December 20, 1989) is a South Korean football player.

Club statistics

References

External links

Category:1989 births
Category:Living people
Category:Keio University alumni
Category:Association football people from Gunma Prefecture
Category:South Korean footballers
Category:South Korean expatriate footballers
Category:J2 League players
Category:Kyoto Sanga FC players
Category:Expatriate footballers in Japan
Category:South Korean expatriate sportspeople in Japan
Category:Association football defenders


Herman Moussaki

Herman Moussaki (born 10 February 1999) is a Congolese footballer who plays as a forward for Caen.

Professional career
Moussaki joined the youth academy of Caen in 2016 from CS Bretigny. Moussaki made his professional debut for Caen in a 1-0 Ligue 1 loss to Angers SCO on 13 April 2019.

International career
Moussaki was called up to the Republic of the Congo U23s for March 2019.

References

External links
 Soccerway Profile
 SM Caen Profile
LFP Profile

Category:1999 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Brazzaville
Category:Republic of the Congo footballers
Category:Association football forwards
Category:Stade Malherbe Caen players
Category:Ligue 1 players
Category:Championnat National 2 players
Category:Republic of the Congo expatriate footballers
Category:Republic of the Congo expatriate sportspeople in France
Category:Expatriate footballers in France


Nearest-neighbor interpolation

Nearest-neighbor interpolation (also known as proximal interpolation or, in some contexts, point sampling) is a simple method of multivariate interpolation in one or more dimensions.

Interpolation is the problem of approximating the value of a function for a non-given point in some space when given the value of that function in points around (neighboring) that point. The nearest neighbor algorithm selects the value of the nearest point and does not consider the values of neighboring points at all, yielding a piecewise-constant interpolant.  The algorithm is very simple to implement and is commonly used (usually along with mipmapping) in real-time 3D rendering to select color values for a textured surface.

Connection to Voronoi diagram
For a given set of points in space, a Voronoi diagram is a decomposition of space into cells, one for each given point, so that anywhere in space, the closest given point is inside the cell. This is equivalent to nearest neighbour interpolation, by assigning the function value at the given point to all the points inside the cell. The figures on the right side show by colour the shape of the cells.

See also
 Interpolation
 Natural neighbor interpolation
 Image scaling
 Nearest neighbor search
 Zero-order hold
 Rounding

Category:Interpolation
Category:Multivariate interpolation
Category:Texture filtering


Kiokio

Kiokio is a Māori word that may refer to:

Plants
Lomaria discolor, syn. Blechnum discolor, New Zealand fern species
Parablechnum novae-zelandiae, syn. Blechnum novae-zelandiae, New Zealand fern species resembling a palm leaf
Parablechnum procerum, syn. Blechnum procerum, New Zealand mountain fern species

Schools
Kio Kio, a rural community in Waikato Region, New Zealand
Kio Kio School, a rural school in Waikato Region, New Zealand
Kiokio railway station, former railway station


10 Great Songs

10 Great Songs is an album focused on American rock musician Pat Benatar. A best-of collection released on November 16, 2009 by the record label EMI Gold, it feature, as the title indicates, ten tracks by the artist. The album focuses on Benatar's commercial peak of success from 1979 to 1985.

Tracks "Heartbreaker" and "I Need a Lover" came from Benatar's 1979 debut In the Heat of the Night. "Hell Is for Children", "Hit Me with Your Best Shot", "Treat Me Right", and "You Better Run" all came from her second album, Crimes of Passion, which was released in August 1980. 1982's Get Nervous provided "Shadows of the Night", 1983's Live from Earth provided "Love Is a Battlefield", and 1984's Tropico provided "We Belong". Finally, the song "Invincible" came from 1985's Seven the Hard Way.

For AllMusic, music critic Steve Leggett stated that the "brief set" has been "honed down to the very bones of things". However, Leggett also remarked that the artist's "biggest tracks are all here" while praising Benatar's sound.

Track listing
 "Heartbreaker" - (Geoff Gill, Clint Wade) - 3:27
 "Hit Me with Your Best Shot" - (Eddie Schwartz) - 2:50
 "Shadows of the Night" - (D.L. Byron) - 3:41
 "I Need a Lover" - (John Mellencamp) - 3:28
 "We Belong" - (Eric Lowen, Dan Navarro) - 3:41
 "Love Is a Battlefield" - (Mike Chapman, Holly Knight) - 4:11
 "Hell Is for Children" - (Pat Benatar, Roger Capps, Neil Giraldo) - 4:50
 "You Better Run" - (Eddie Brigati, Felix Cavaliere) - 3:04
 "Treat Me Right" - (Pat Benatar, Doug Lubahn) - 3:13
 "Invincible" - (Simon Climie, Holly Knight) - 4:10

References

Category:2009 compilation albums
Category:Pat Benatar albums


Qiao Wei

Qiao Wei (Chinese: 乔巍; born 20 July 1987 in Luoyang) is a Chinese football player. who currently plays for Shenzhen in the Chinese Super League

Club career
In 2007,Qiao Wei started his professional footballer career with Henan Jianye in the Chinese Super League. He would eventually make his league debut for Henan on May 18, 2008 in a game against Qingdao Jonoon, coming on as a substitute for Wang Shouting in the 83rd minute.

On 9 July 2016, Qiao signed for China League One side Shenzhen.

Career statistics
Statistics accurate as of match played 3 November 2018.

Honours
Henan Jianye
China League One: 2013

References

External links

Category:1987 births
Category:Living people
Category:Chinese footballers
Category:Footballers from Henan
Category:Henan Jianye F.C. players
Category:Shenzhen F.C. players
Category:Chinese Super League players
Category:China League One players
Category:Association football defenders


Georges Küss

Georges Küss (1877-1967) was the president of the Académie nationale de chirurgie in 1949.

He was a student of Victor-Henri Huntinel.

At the turn of the 19th century, paediatrician Marie-Jules Parrot performed the groundwork on Tuberculosis in children, a condition with a particular high mortality compared to adults with TB. After Robert Koch discovered the cause of Tuberculosis, the question arose as to why certain types of people get TB and could it be inherited. Küss was amongst a number of physicians who confirmed Parrot’s discoveries that the primary infection taking place in a lung focus, usually subpleural is followed by the enlargement of the mediastinal lymph nodes. In 1898, he published De L’Hérédité paraitaire del la tuberculose humaine, examining whether Tuberculosis was congenital or acquired by infectious spread. He showed that the focus of Tuberculosis in the lung, usually subpleural, was directly associated with the lymph nodes draining the relevant area, the tracheobronchial nodes, thereby proving infectious spread by air and disproving uterine inheritance of TB.

References

External links

Category:French surgeons
Category:1877 births
Category:1967 deaths


Stadionul Electrica

Stadionul Electrica is a multi-purpose stadium in Timișoara, Romania. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Electrica Timișoara, ACS Poli Timișoara and Ripensia Timișoara. The stadium holds 5,000 people and is located in the Fabric neighbourhood. In the past it was also the home ground of Politehnica II Timișoara

In the past, Stadionul UMT, which was placed just a few meters away, was named also as Stadionul Electrica, fact that created some confusion over time.

References

Category:Football venues in Romania
Category:Sport in Timișoara
Category:Buildings and structures in Timiș County


Brad Dourif

Bradford Claude Dourif (; born March 18, 1950) is an American actor. He was nominated for an Oscar, and won Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards for his supporting role as Billy Bibbit in the film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975). He is also known for his roles as the voice of Chucky in the Child's Play franchise (1988–2017), and Gríma Wormtongue in The Lord of the Rings series (2002–2003).

Dourif's other film roles include Wise Blood (1979), Dune (1984), Blue Velvet (1986), Mississippi Burning (1988), The Exorcist III (1990) and Alien Resurrection (1997). He also appeared in many television series, notably Deadwood (2004–2006, 2019), for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination.

Early life
Dourif was born in Huntington, West Virginia, on March 18, 1950, to Joan Mavis Felton (née Bradford), an actress, and Jean Henri Dourif, an art collector who owned and operated a dye factory. His stepfather was golfer William C. Campbell.

His paternal grandparents emigrated from France, and his paternal grandfather co-founded the Standard Ultramarine and Color Company in Huntington.
After Aiken, he attended Fountain Valley School in Colorado Springs, Colorado, graduating in 1968. Dourif appeared as an amateur at the Fountain Valley Film Festival in 1969, taking second place in the 8 mm film category with his 10-minute entry "Blind Date." Dourif attended Marshall University for a time, before quitting college and moving to New York City to study acting on the advice of actress Conchata Ferrell.

Career

Stage
Starting in school productions, Dourif progressed to community theater, joining up with the Huntington Community Players while attending Marshall University. In New York City, he studied with Sanford Meisner, and worked with Marshall Mason and Lanford Wilson at the Circle Repertory Company. During the early 1970s, Dourif appeared in a number of plays, off-Broadway and at Woodstock, New York, including The Ghost Sonata, The Doctor in Spite of Himself, and When You Comin' Back, Red Ryder?, in which he was spotted by director Miloš Forman who cast him in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975).

In 2013, after a three-decade absence from the stage, Dourif chose to star alongside Amanda Plummer in the Off-Broadway revival of Tennessee Williams' The Two-Character Play that played to critical acclaim at the New World Stages. He explained, in a filmed interview released by the producers, why he broke his 29-year hiatus from acting in live theater: "I hated the stage, did not want to do it. And then somebody said, 'Will you do a play? It's with Amanda Plummer', and I said, 'Oh shit! No. Oh God, I'm gonna have to do this...'". It opened on June 10, 2013 and closed on September 29, 2013. The play was subject to a number of performance cancellations, one relating to Dourif's absence, due to a death in the family. Plummer refused to perform without Dourif, notwithstanding the presence of an understudy.

Film

Although One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest is frequently cited as Dourif's film debut, his first acting for screen was in a low-budget film called Split, which was never released. He followed this with a role in the film W.W. and the Dixie Dancekings (1975), but his bit part was omitted from the final cut of the film. His portrayal of the vulnerable Billy Bibbit in Cuckoo's Nest ended up being his big break, earning him a Golden Globe Award (Best Actor Debut) and a British Academy Award (Supporting Actor) as well as a nomination for Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

In 1981, Vincent Canby listed Dourif as one of twelve actors to watch, calling Dourif "one of the most intense, most interesting young film actors of his generation." Skeptical of his instant stardom, Dourif returned to New York, where he continued in theater and taught acting and directing classes at Columbia University until 1988, when he moved to Hollywood.

Dourif has often played eccentric or disturbed characters, starting with Cuckoo's Nest and continuing with Eyes of Laura Mars (1978), John Huston's Wise Blood (1979)," Forman's Ragtime (1981), Marc Didden's Istanbul (1985) and David Lynch's Dune (1984) and Blue Velvet (1986).

Dourif has appeared in a number of horror films, most notably as the voice of Chucky in the Child's Play franchise. He portrayed the Gemini Killer in The Exorcist III (1990) and appeared in Death Machine (1994) and Alien Resurrection (1997). He later appeared as Sheriff Lee Brackett in Rob Zombie's Halloween (2007) and Halloween II (2009). In 2013, Dourif reprised his role as Chucky in the sixth installment of the Child's Play franchise, Curse of Chucky, and then again in the 2017 sequel, Cult of Chucky, both of which were straight-to-DVD releases. His daughter, Fiona Dourif, also starred with him in both films.

Other notable film roles include Gríma Wormtongue in the Lord of the Rings trilogy and supporting roles in Fatal Beauty (1987), Mississippi Burning (1988), Hidden Agenda (1990), London Kills Me (1991) and Sinner (2007).

Dourif has worked with director Werner Herzog on many occasions, appearing in Scream of Stone (1991), The Wild Blue Yonder (2005), Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans (2009), and My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done? (2009).

Television
In 1984, Dourif played a suspected serial killer in the episode "Number Eight" of Tales of the Unexpected. In 1994, he appeared in The X-Files episode "Beyond the Sea" as the psychic serial killer Luther Lee Boggs. He also portrayed Lon Suder in a three episode story arc on Star Trek: Voyager and guest starred as a troubled monk haunted by visions in Babylon 5. Dourif later gained acclaim as Doc Cochran in Deadwood, receiving a 2004 Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series.

In 2011, he guest starred in the third-season finale of Fringe and in 2014 he made a brief cameo in the Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episode "The End of the Beginning."

Music
In 2012, Dourif contributed spoken word vocals to three songs on the album Misery Together by the Norwegian duo Thinguma*jigSaw. Dourif also appears in the music videos for "Stranger in Town" (1984) by Toto and "Drinking from the Bottle" (2012) by Calvin Harris.

Personal life
Dourif has been married twice. He has one daughter, Kristina Dourif, with his first wife Janet, and another daughter, actress Fiona Dourif, with his second wife Joni.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

References

External links

Category:1950 births
Category:Living people
Category:Male actors from West Virginia
Category:American male film actors
Category:American male television actors
Category:American male video game actors
Category:American male voice actors
Category:American people of French descent
Category:Best Supporting Actor BAFTA Award winners
Category:New Star of the Year (Actor) Golden Globe winners
Category:Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Category:People from Huntington, West Virginia
Category:Male actors from Colorado Springs, Colorado
Category:20th-century American male actors
Category:21st-century American male actors


Tove Billington Bye

Tove Billington Bye (née Jørgensen) (28 July 1928 – 15 May 2008) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

She served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Akershus during the terms 1973–1977 and 1977–1981.

On the local level, she was a member of the executive committee of Asker municipal council, having been elected in the so-called "women's coup" where four women (Tove Billington Bye, Berit Ås, Marie Borge Refsum and Kari Bjerke Anderssen) led a successful campaign to get women elected to the municipal council.

She was married to legendary Norwegian TV and radio personality Erik Bye from 1953 to his death in 2004, and lived at Hvalstad.

References

Category:1928 births
Category:2008 deaths
Category:Centre Party (Norway) politicians
Category:Deputy members of the Storting
Category:Asker politicians
Category:Women members of the Storting
Category:20th-century Norwegian women politicians


John Edwards (singer)

Jonathan Edwards (born December 25, 1944), known as John Edwards, is an American soul singer who had a moderately successful solo career before becoming lead singer of The Spinners between 1977 and 2000.

Biography
Born in St Louis, Missouri, Edwards began his musical career by singing in clubs while stationed in Germany when in the US Army.  After returning to live in Duluth, Georgia, he appeared on bills with Wilson Pickett, and James and Bobby Purify, before moving to Chicago in the late 1960s.  There he met Curtis Mayfield, who introduced Edwards to producer Jo Armstead at Weis Records.  He recorded several singles for the label before moving to Bell Records in 1972, and then to the Atlanta-based Aware label the following year.  Produced by Floyd Smith, Edwards first achieved chart success when "Stop This Merry-Go-Round" reached number 45 on the Billboard R&B chart in 1973.  He followed it up with "Messing Up A Good Thing" and a self-titled album, and then his most successful record, "Careful Man", produced by Smith and written by Jimmy Lewis, which reached number 8 on the R&B chart in 1974.  It was followed by "Vanishing Love", which also made the R&B chart.

After the record company went out of business, Edwards did some shows with the Spinners, but also maintained a solo career on the Cotillion label, achieving two more R&B chart entries with "Baby, Hold On To Me" (1976) and ""Nobody But You" (1977).  He then decided to join the Spinners on a full-time basis, and replaced Philippe Wynne as the group's lead singer in 1977.  He featured as the main vocalist on their later hit singles including "Working My Way Back to You ", produced by Michael Zager, which became one of the group's biggest hits, reaching number 2 on the Hot 100 in early 1980, and number 1 on the UK singles chart.

Edwards remained with the Spinners until 2000, when he was incapacitated by a debilitating stroke, and was forced to retire.

References

Category:1944 births
Category:Living people
Category:African-American musicians
Category:American male singers
Category:Musicians from St. Louis
Category:Singers from Missouri


Jamel Herring

Jamel William Herring (born October 30, 1985), nicknamed "Semper Fi", is an American professional boxer. He Has held the WBO junior lightweight title since May 2019. As of November 2019, he is ranked as the world’s third best active junior lightweight by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board (TBRB), fifth by The Ring and eighth by BoxRec.

Personal life
Jamel Herring was born in Rockville Centre, New York to Michael Mitchell and Jeanine Herring. His mother remarried to Harry Elliby. He was raised in Coram, New York in its Gordon Heights neighborhood. While a sophomore at Longwood High School, Jamel began boxing in 2001 when his soon to become trainer Austin Hendrickson invited him to the boxing gym for workouts. Herring enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in October 2003 at Parris Island, South Carolina.  He has served two tours of duty in Iraq and was based in Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, where he earned the rank of Sergeant.  Jamel has six children: Kamren Herring (2004), Stephen Herring (2007), Ariyanah Herring (2009), Jamel Herring Jr. (2010), Jazmyne Herring (2013), and Justice Herring (2017). His daughter Ariyanah died July 27, 2009, from SIDS. The opening ceremony of the 2012 Olympic Games was the 3rd anniversary of her death. Jamel married his childhood friend Jennifer Dickerson-Herring on September 26, 2015.

Amateur career
Herring began training in 2001. He faced his first amateur loss to Daniel Jacobs on July 20, 2002 during the New York Junior Olympics Finals.

Herring had to balance training as a boxer with his duties as an active United States Marine. He was deployed to Fallujah, Iraq in 2005. After he returned he immediately tried out for the All Marine Corps boxing team in January 2006. While on the team, Herring competed all over the national scene and even fought against former world champion Jesse Vargas at the 2006 National PAL tournament. He was deployed again in 2007 to Al Taqaddum.  Shortly after his return, he went back to the All Marine Corps boxing team in Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. From early 2008, he would be trained under Ron Simms, Reuben Woodruff, and Narcisco Aleman. Simms would eventually be replaced by former All Army coach and 1996 USA Olympic Assistant coach Jesse Ravelo. Herring won a silver medal at the 2010 World Military Games and took a gold medal at the 2011 and 2012 Armed Forces Championships while a Sergeant in the United States Marine Corps.

Trained under Ravelo, Woodruff, and Aleman, Jamel would win gold in the 2012 Olympic Trials defeating multiple nationals champions. In the first round of the tournament he defeated Tommy Duquette, the 2nd round Mike Reed, 3rd round semi finals Pedro Sosa, and in the finals he defeated Pedro Sosa again. He would eventually move on to the 2011 AIBA World Championships but lose to China in the first round forcing him to fight for his spot again at the 2012 USA Boxing Nationals. After winning the Nationals, he went on to compete in the Americas Qualifiers where he would win a bronze medal and earn a slot at the 2012 games. Herring qualified for the 2012 Olympics. Jamel, along with the entire US boxing team, only had two weeks prior to the games to train together as a complete team. He was the only United States Marine to compete at the London Olympics and the first active duty marine to qualify for the US boxing team since 1992.

Professional career
After returning from the London games, Herring made the tough decision to finish out his service with the United States Marine Corps and become a professional boxer. He relocated from Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, to Cincinnati, Ohio to work with Mike Stafford. In May 2019, he became a world champion by beating Japanese boxer Masayuki Ito to win the WBO junior lightweight title.

Professional boxing record

See also
List of super-featherweight boxing champions

References

External links

Category:1985 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Coram, New York
Category:Boxers from New York (state)
Category:American male boxers
Category:African-American boxers
Category:Boxers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic boxers of the United States
Category:United States Marines
Category:American Marine Corps personnel of the Iraq War
Category:World super-featherweight boxing champions
Category:World Boxing Organization champions
Category:Winners of the United States Championship for amateur boxers


Eupithecia semicalva

Eupithecia semicalva is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in China (Sichuan).

References

Category:Moths described in 1979
semicalva
Category:Moths of China


Wang Xilin

Wang Xilin (; born December 13, 1936) is a Chinese composer.

Life
Wang was born in Kaifeng, Henan province and spent his childhood in Pingliang in the Gansu Province. When he was 12 he taught himself music theory, the huqin, accordion, brass instruments, as well as instrumentation and arranging. His first exposure to Western music was in 1955 when he began studying conducting at a music school run by the People's Liberation Army Central Committee. He studied theory and piano at a teachers college in Shanghai and graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory in 1962 where he studied composition with Liu Zhuang, Ding Shande, and Qu Wei.

While still a student, Wang composed his String Quartet No. 1 (1961) and the first movement of his Symphony No. 1 (op. 2, 1962, this was his graduation work) which led to his appointment in 1963 as composer-in-residence of the Central Radio Symphony Orchestra. Later in 1963 there were political changes in China under Chairman Mao Zedong which led to a crackdown on Western music, especially that of the 20th century. Wang gave a two-hour public speech in 1964 criticising such policies, which led to him being stripped of his position with the Central Radio Symphony Orchestra. He was banished to Shanxi Province until 1977.
From 1964 to 1978, Wang was forced to work as a laborer in Datong, spent 6 months in a mental asylum, and was imprisoned during Cultural Revolution. As a result of being beaten he lost a tooth as well as about 20% of his hearing.

In the late 1970s he started conducting again, working with the Southeast Shanxi Song and Dance Ensemble in Changzhi. After the Cultural Revolution he returned to Beijing and started to compose again. He became well known for his Yunnan Tone Poem (1963), for which he was awarded the highest prize given by the Chinese government in 1981. It has been performed in many countries. He also won the same award in 2000 for his song Spring Rain and in 2004 for Three Symphonic Frescoes – Legend of Sea.

After 1980 Wang was able to study scores of modern Western composers and discovered the music of Béla Bartók, Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, Krzysztof Penderecki, Alfred Schnittke and Witold Lutosławski. He has also been greatly influenced by Russian music especially that of Dmitri Shostakovich and by Chinese folk music.

Wang's compositions include chamber and vocal music, 9 symphonies, 2 symphonic suites, 2 symphonic cantatas, 3 symphonic overtures, a choral concerto and a violin concerto. He has also provided the music for 40 films and television productions. His works have been performed in the, Australia, France, Germany, Switzerland, and the United States. His 6th Symphony was written for the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008. The Ninth Symphony, 'China Requiem', was premiered on 13 December 2015 by conductor Tang Muhai and the China National Symphony Orchestra. He is Composer in Residence of the Beijing Symphony Orchestra.

His daughter, Wang Ying (王穎), born in Shanghai in 1976, is also a composer.

Works
 Op. 1 String Quartet No. 1 (1961)
 Op. 2 Symphony No. 1 (1962,1963)
 Op. 3 Symphonic Suite “Yunnan Tone Poem No.1” (1963)
 I Spring rain in a tea plantation
 II Along the path of a mountain village
 III Night song
 IV Torch Festival
 Op. 4 Cantata of Zang Fortified Village (1964)
 Op. 5 Little Suite “Planting trees” (1972)
 Op. 6 Opera “Song of Red Tassels” (1973)
 Op. 7 Symphony of Shangdang Bangzi (a local drama in Shanxi Province) “Sha Jia Bang” (1974)
 Op. 8 Symphonic Chorus “January 8th” (1977)
 Op. 9 Chinese Opera of Shangdang Bangzi “Red Lantern Shines” (1977)
 Op. 10 Symphonic Chorus “Falling of the Giant Star – in Memory of Chairman Mao” (1977)
 Op. 11 Dance Music “Dancing Saber” (1978)
 Op. 12 Symphony No. 2 (1979)
 Op. 13 Five Art Songs (1979)
 Op. 14 Chamber Suite “Musical Images of Taihang Mountains” (1979)
 Op. 15 Brass Quintet “Prints Anthology” (1979)
 Op. 16 Chamber Suite “Customs of Erhai”
 Op. 17 Two Chamber Pieces “Sending to the South” (1981)
 Op. 18 Movie Music “A Small boat” (1982)
 Op. 19 Symphonic Suite “Impression of Taihang Mountain” (1982)
 Op. 20 Movie Music “Sail off next time” (1983)
 Op. 21 Symphonic Overture “Poem of China” for piano, chorus and orchestra (1984)
 Op. 22 Two Symphonic Poems: 1. Motion 2. Chant, dedicated to Shostakovich on the 10th anniversary of his death (1985)
 Op. 23 Elegy for soprano and orchestra – Impression of Qu Yuan’s “Calling the Soul” and “Questioning the Heanven” (1986)
 Op. 24 Movie Music “The Last Winter Day” (1987)
 Op. 25 Music for Piano and 23 String Instruments (1988)
 Op. 26 Symphony No. 3 (1990)
 Op. 27 Three Ancient Melodies for Pipa and 25 String Instruments (1992)
 Op. 28 Two Pieces Written for Lu Xun’s “Casting A Sword” (1993). 1. “Song of the Man in Black” for a singer and chamber music ensemble. 2. “Three Heads Dancing in the Cauldron”, chorus without accompaniment
 Op. 29 Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1995)
 Op. 30 Shang I (Die Young) for a singer and a septet of folk musical instruments (1996)
 Op. 31 Symphonic Overture “For the Impetus of Points and Lines” I (1996)
 Op. 32 Symphonic Overture “For the Impetus of Points and Lines” II (1997)
 Op. 33 Four Choruses (1997)
 Op. 34 Symphonic Chorus “Guoshang – Hymns on Spirits of State Warriors Slain in War” for baritone, chorus and orchestra (1997)
 Op. 35 Five Symphonic Frescoes “Legend of the Sea” for solo, chorus and orchestra, written for the 2200th anniversary of the founding of Fuzhou City (1998)
 Op. 36 Shanxi Style Suite for piano (1998)
 Op. 37 Four Pieces Based on Tang and Song Dynasties’ Poems for orchestra with recitation (1999)
 Op. 38 Symphony No. 4 (1999)
 Op. 39 Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (revised version) (2000)
 Op. 40 Symphony No. 5 for 23 strings (2001)
 Op. 41 Quartet for clarinet, violin, cello and piano (2002)
 Op. 42 Octet
 Op. 43 Adagio for string quartet
 Op. 44 Symphonic Ballad
 Op. 45 Symphony No. 6
 Op. 46 Shang II
 Op. 47 Duet for two marimbas
 Op. 48 Three Pieces for Symphony Orchestra
 Op. 49 Adagio – Shang III for 46 strings (2006)
 Op. 50 Shang II (2006)
 Op. 51 Shang III (2008,in memory of Chinese conductor Li Delun)
 Op. 52 Symphony No.7 for Piano,Choir and Orchestra (2007,dedicated to Shanghai Conservatory)
 Op. 53 Symphonic fantasy (2008,committed by 2008's Shanghai Spring International Music Festival)
 Op. 54 Symphony No.8 for Sheng,Guzheng,Pipa and Chamber Orchestra(2009,committed by Young Europe Classic Festival,Germany)
 Op. 55 Symphonic Suite,'Taigu Folks'
 Op. 60 Symphony No.9,China Requiem (2015)

External links
 A biography of Wang Xilin
 "The well-known composer Wang Xilin" (In Czech, China Radio International, 20 February 2007)

Category:1937 births
Category:Living people
Category:20th-century classical composers
Category:Chinese male classical composers
Category:People's Republic of China composers
Category:Victims of the Cultural Revolution
Category:People from Kaifeng
Category:Musicians from Henan
Category:Male classical composers
Category:21st-century classical composers


Chauncey "Lord" Westbrook

Chauncey (also Chauncy) Leon Westbrook (October 21, 1921 – November 2, 2006), better known as Chauncey "Lord" Westbrook, was an American jazz guitarist.

Westbrook worked with Rex Stewart, Buddy Johnson (1953–57), Aretha Franklin, Charlie Rouse, Little Willie John, Ernestine Allen, Little Jimmy Scott, and Sammy Davis, Jr. He was a member of The Orioles in the early 1950s.

In 1956 he recorded his solo album Get Out of Town for  Morty Craft's newly acquired Melba Records. He was a session musician on Aretha Franklin’s first Columbia recording, Aretha: With The Ray Bryant Combo.

Discography

As leader
 1956: Get Out of Town (Melba Records LP)

As backing musician
 1955: "Rock 'n' Roll" – Buddy Johnson (Mercury)
 1956: "Please Say You're Mine" b/w "With All My Heart" - Jimmy Jones with Warren Lucky, Kelly Owens, Leonard Gaskin, Panama Francis
 1956: "Just Leave It to Me" b/w "Is It Too Soon" - Debutantes (Savoy 1191)
 1957: Walkin'  - Buddy Johnson & His Orchestra
 1958: "I May Never" b/w "What" - Jimmy Scott
 1958: "Everybody Stroll" b/w "Sone Down" - The O.C. All Stars
 1958: "Ophelia" b/w "Hot Calypso" - The O.C. All Stars
 1958: Swinging Like Tate - Buddy Tate with Buck Clayton, Dicky Wells, Earl Warren, Skip Hall, Lord Westbrook, Aaron Bell, Jo Jones.
 1958: Henderson Homecoming – Rex Stewart (United Artists, 1959)
 1959: "You Can't Do Me This Way" b/w "These Are the Things" - David Thorne - Haywood Henry, Ernie Hayes, Carl Lynch, Leonard Gaskin, Osie Johnson, David Thorne, Teacho Wiltshire
 1960: No More in Life - Mildred Anderson
 1960: The Happy Jazz of Rex Stewart - Rex Stewart Septet (Swingville, 2006)
 1961: Shorty & Doc – Shorty Baker and Doc Cheatham
 1961: Aretha: With The Ray Bryant Combo - Aretha Franklin and Ray Bryant
 1961: Let It Roll - Ernestine Allen
 1961: These Dues - Clea Bradford
 1962: If You Need Me - Solomon Burke (Atlantic)
 1963: Bossa Nova Bacchanal - Charlie Rouse
 1964: Blues Around the Clock - Jimmy Witherspoon (Prestige)

References

Category:1921 births
Category:2006 deaths
Category:20th-century American guitarists
Category:American jazz guitarists


Car Horn (song)

"Car Horn" is a non-album single by rapper Common and producer Mark the 45 King. Released in 1999 by Groove Attack Productions, the song features free-associative battle raps. It was remixed by Madlib for Common's white label release Common Remixes.

Track listing

A-side
 "Car Horn" (Clean) (3:18)
 "Car Horn" (Dirty) (3:18)

B-side
 "Car Horn" (Instrumental) (3:18)
 "Car Horn"

See also
List of Common songs

Category:1999 singles
Category:Common (rapper) songs
Category:1999 songs
Category:Songs written by Common (rapper)


Room for Two (TV series)

Room for Two is an American sitcom television series starring Patricia Heaton and Linda Lavin that aired for two seasons on ABC from March 24, 1992 to July 6, 1993.

Overview
Patricia Heaton stars as Jill Kurland, an executive producer of a New York City television show called Wake Up, New York. The show focused on Jill's relationship with her mother Edie from Ohio (played by Linda Lavin) who joined Jill's show as a result of her humorous and misplaced opinions and criticisms.

Cast
Patricia Heaton as Jill Kurland
Linda Lavin as Edie Kurland
Peter Michael Goetz as Ken Kazurinsky
Paula Kelly as Diahnn Boudreaud
Bess Meyer as Naomi Dylan
Andrew Prine as Reid Ellis
John Putch as Matt Draughon
Jeff Yagher as Keith Wyman

Episode list

Season 1 (1992)

Season 2 (1992–93)

DVD releases
There are currently no DVD releases planned by Warner Bros., who owns the rights. However, the second episode was included in a commemorative DVD released by Warner Bros. during their 50th anniversary, along with the pilot of My Sister Sam.

References

External links

Category:1992 American television series debuts
Category:1993 American television series endings
Category:1990s American sitcoms
Category:American Broadcasting Company original programming
Category:Television series by Warner Bros. Television
Category:English-language television programs
Category:Television shows set in New York City


Ken Colyer

Kenneth Colyer (18 April 1928 – 8 March 1988) was an English jazz trumpeter and cornetist, devoted to New Orleans jazz. His band was also known for skiffle interludes.

Biography
He was born in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, England, but grew up in Soho, London, and served as a member of his church choir. When his elder brother Bill (1922—2009) went off to serve in World War II he left his jazz records behind, which influenced Ken Colyer. He joined the Merchant Navy at 17, travelled around the world and heard famous jazz musicians in New Orleans, Louisiana.

In the UK, Colyer played with various bands and joined, in 1949, the Crane River Jazz Band (CRJB), with Ben Marshall, Sonny Morris, Pat Hawes, John R. T. Davies, Julian Davies, Ron Bowden and Monty Sunshine. The band played at the Royal Festival Hall on 14 July 1951 in the presence of Princess Elizabeth. Parts of that group merged with other musicians including Keith Christie and Ian Christie to form the Christie Brothers' Stompers. Colyer rejoined the Merchant Navy, jumped ship in Mobile, Alabama, and travelled to New Orleans, where he played with his idols in George Lewis' band. He was offered the job of lead trumpeter on a tour, but was caught by the authorities, detained and deported.

Colyer was invited to take the trumpet lead for the Chris Barber Band and so formed the first line-up of Ken Colyer's Jazzmen: Chris Barber, Monty Sunshine, Ron Bowden (born Ronald Arthur Bowden, 22 February 1928, Fulham, London), Lonnie Donegan and Jim Bray (born James Michael Bray, 24 April 1927, Richmond, Surrey). They made their first recordings on Storyville in 1953.  Colyer and the others parted company in 1954, each claiming in later years to have fired the other. The next, brief, band in the mid-1950s featured Bernard "Acker" Bilk on clarinet and Ed O'Donnell on trombone.

Then followed Colyer's band with what is seen today as its classic line-up: Mac Duncan (trombone), Ian Wheeler (clarinet), Johnny Bastable (banjo), Ron Ward (bass) and Colin Bowden (drums), later joined by Ray Foxley (piano). This band played together until the early 1960s when the new front-line featured, at various times, Sammy Rimington and Tony Pyke (clarinet), Graham Stewart and Geoff Cole (trombone), Bill Cole (bass) and Malc Murphy (drums). In January 1959, the British music magazine NME reported that the biggest trad jazz event to be staged in Britain had taken place at Alexandra Palace.  The event included George Melly, Diz Disley, Acker Bilk, Chris Barber, Kenny Ball, Alex Welsh, Monty Sunshine, Bob Wallis, Bruce Turner, Mick Mulligan and Colyer.

In 1972, after a bout with stomach cancer, Colyer took his doctors' advice to stop leading a band. The band continued to work under the leadership of banjoist Johnny Bastable, as his "Chosen Six", recruiting John Shillito (trumpet). Colyer continued with a solo career into the 1980s. Around that time he was occasionally associated with Chris Blount's New Orleans Jazz Band, and some of his live recordings with that band were later released on a CD (KCTCD5). He moved to the south of France in his last years. Lake Records was started by re-issuing Colyer albums (from the Decca catalogue) and the current catalogue contains most of his best recordings.

A biography, Goin' Home (published 2010), was compiled by Mike Pointon and Ray Smith. It won an accolade from the House of Commons Jazz Society in May 2011. A year after Colyer's death a group of family members, friends and musicians met at the London School of Economics to set up the Ken Colyer Trust with the original aim of publishing his autobiography When Dreams are in the Dust. For 25 years it supported the work of established jazz musicians and encouraged young musicians and audiences. That work is now being continued by other interested parties. The trust sponsored a memorial plaque at the site of the jazz club Studio 51, at 11–12 Great Newport Street, near Leicester Square. It was unveiled on 18 April 1995 by Humphrey Lyttelton, Julian Davies and Ken Clarke.

Discography

Singles
Ken Colyer's Jazzmen
Decca F10241 "Goin' Home" / "Isle of Capri" (1954)
Decca F10332 "La Harpe Street Blues" / "Too Busy" (1954)
Decca F10504 "Early Hours" / "Cataract Rag" (1955)
Decca F10519 "If I Ever Cease to Love You" / "The Entertainer" (1955)
Decca F10565 "It Looks Like a Big Time Tonight" / "Red Wing" (1955)
Decca FJ10755 "All the Girls Go Crazy About the Way I Walk" / "Dippermouth Blues" (1956)
Tempo A117 "Just a Closer Walk with Thee" / "Sheik of Araby" (1956)
Tempo A120 "If I Ever Cease to Love" / "Isle of Capri" (1956)
Tempo A126 "My Bucket's Got a Hole in It" / "Wabash Blues" (1956)
Tempo A136 "Maryland, My Maryland" / "The World is Waiting for the Sunrise" (1956)
Columbia DB4676 "The Happy Wanderer" / "Maryland, My Maryland" (1961)
Columbia DB4783 "Postman's Lament" / "Too Busy" (1962)

EPs
 Ken Colyer in New Orleans, (Vogue, 1953)
 Ken Colyer's Jazzmen (Tempo, 1953)
 They All Played Ragtime (Decca, 1958)
 And Back to New Orleans (Decca)

Albums
 Decca Skiffle Sessions, Lake
 The Lost 1954 Royal Festival Hall Tapes, (Upbeat Jazz, 2004)
 More Lost 1954 Royal Festival Hall Tapes, (Upbeat Jazz, 2008)
 Live at York Arts Centre (Upbeat, 1972)
 The Crane River Jazz Band
 Club Session with Colyer (Decca, 1956)
 Studio 51 Club Sessions with Colyer (Upbeat, 1972)
 Out of Nowhere(KC, 1965)
 Back to the Delta (Decca, 1954)
 New Orleans to London (Lake, 1953)
 Marching to New Orleans (Decca, 1957)
 Marching Back to New Orleans (Lake, 1955/57)
 This is Jazz (Columbia, 1959)
 Sensation – The Decca Years (Lake, 1955–59)
 The Classic Years 1957) Upbeat

References

External links
Ken Colyer Website
My 20-year love affair with the joy of skiffle. The Observer 1 June 2008

Category:1928 births
Category:1988 deaths
Category:British Merchant Navy personnel of World War II
Category:British bandleaders
Category:Skiffle musicians
Category:People educated at William Ellis School
Category:People from Soho
Category:People from Great Yarmouth
Category:Deaths from cancer in England
Category:Deaths from stomach cancer
Category:Musicians from London
Category:People deported from the United States
Category:Place of death missing
Category:20th-century English musicians
Category:English cornetists
Category:English jazz trumpeters
Category:Male trumpeters
Category:20th-century trumpeters
Category:Chris Barber
Category:20th-century trombonists
Category:Male jazz musicians
Category:Black Lion Records artists


Rodeo–Chediski Fire

The Rodeo–Chediski Fire was a wildfire that burned in east-central Arizona beginning on June 18, 2002, and was not controlled until July 7. It was the worst forest fire in Arizona's recorded history until June 14, 2011 when the Wallow Fire surpassed Rodeo-Chediski as the largest fire in Arizona history.  Several local communities, including Show Low, Pinetop-Lakeside, Heber-Overgaard Claysprings and Pinedale, were threatened and had to be evacuated.

Origin and development
Initially there were two separate fires. The first fire, the Rodeo, was reported on the afternoon of June 18 near the Rodeo Fairgrounds on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation by Cibecue. An arsonist was arrested on June 29 and was later charged. By early evening, around  were ablaze. Increasing wind speeds fed the fire to over  by the following morning, and when wind speeds increased to around  the fire grew rapidly, increasing fourfold over the next three hours.

The Chediski Fire was first reported on the morning of June 20 near Chediski Peak northwest of Payson. It had been started by a stranded quad runner, Valinda Jo Elliott, trying to signal a news helicopter. Similarly fed by the strong winds, this fire spread to  by mid-afternoon, and by the following morning it covered over .

By June 21 the Rodeo Fire had consumed around . Around 8,000 people were evacuated; by the end of the fire, around 30,000 people would be moved. The two burning areas approached through crosswinds over June 21 and June 22 as a further 11,000 people were ordered to leave their homes. The burning areas joined on June 23 having consumed around  of woodland. The fire's progress slowed after the two merged and by June 26 the fire was 5% contained by backburning, cutting and slurry — protecting the settlements of Clay Springs, Linden and Pinedale, but  had burned. The fire was 28% contained by June 28, but it was not fully under control until July 7 at a cost of $43.1 million. About 400 homes were destroyed in Pinedale and other small communities. The fire was declared a disaster area. RodeoFire.com was established at the fire's onset as a portal for concerned citizens and family members acting as an event update website.

Aftermath

Restoration

Of the woodlands affected,  (60.0%) was part of the Fort Apache Indian Reservation. Of the rest,  (35.7%) was in the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forests and  (2.3%) in the Tonto National Forest. The remaining destruction occurred on private land. The fire damaged or destroyed ecosystem resources, disrupted hydrologic functioning, and altered the loadings of flammable fuels on much of the ponderosa pine forest that was exposed to the burn.

After the fire, efforts were made to stabilize the landscape by burned area emergency response teams. Waterbars, wattles and K-rails were put in place and there were over two weeks of aerial seeding, dropping around  of winter wheat or indigenous grass seeds over .

Political consequences

Political figures, including Senator Jon Kyl of Arizona, blamed the fire on "radical environmentalists" and their opposition to logging to thin the forests. The group, Sierra Club, responded by saying they have long supported the thinning of underbrush and small trees through controlled burns, not the logging of large trees. But this fire, among other devastating drought-year fires in the American West, helped propel new forest management laws, enacted by both the U.S. Congress and local authorities. Of these the most notable is the Healthy Forests Restoration Act, which President George W. Bush signed into law in 2003. Although these policies presented high-profile, short-term solutions, the ecological effects of these policies are hotly debated among forestry experts.

Criminal prosecutions

The arsonist, who received a 10-year prison sentence in March 2004, was Leonard Gregg, a Cibecue resident who worked as a seasonal firefighter for the tribal fire department. He told investigators he had set two fires that morning (the first was quickly put out) in hopes of getting hired by the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs for a quick-response fire crew. Gregg had previously worked as a BIA fire crew member, and was indeed among the first to be called in to fight the Rodeo Fire.

The stranded motorist, Valinda Jo Elliott, who started the Chediski portion of the fire was not charged with arson by the US Attorney's office, much to the anger of local residents and the tribe. In 2009, a judge ruled that she is eligible to be tried in a civil suit in the White Mountain Apache tribal court.  In 2014 the court ruled that she was liable for $1650 in civil penalties and $57,000,000 in restitution to the tribe.

See also
 Hayman Fire of 2002, a concurrent large wildfire in Colorado

References

External links

 Chediski-Rodeo Fire map

Category:2002 wildfires
Category:2002 in Arizona
Category:Apache-Sitgreaves National Forests
Category:Arson in Arizona
Category:Tonto National Forest
Category:Wildfires in Arizona
Category:2002 disasters in the United States


1992–93 FIS Ski Jumping Europa (Continental) Cup

The 1992/93 FIS Ski Jumping Europa Cup was the 13th and the last Europa Cup season in ski jumping for men and at the same counts as the 2nd Continental Cup winter season in ski jumping. Europa Cup was a predecessor of Continental Cup with events held only in Europe.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup season.

Calendar

Men

Standings

Men

Europa Cup vs. Continental Cup
This was originally last Europa Cup season and is also recognized as the first Continental Cup season by International Ski Federation although under this name began its first official season in 1993/94.

References

Category:FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
Category:FIS Ski Jumping Europa Cup
Category:1992 in ski jumping
Category:1993 in ski jumping


Joan Crawford (disambiguation)

Joan Crawford (c. 1904–1977) was an American film actress.

Joan Crawford may also refer to:
Joan Crawford (basketball) (born 1937), American basketball player
"Joan Crawford" (song), a 1981 song by Blue Öyster Cult


Aerometer

An aerometer is an instrument designed to measure the density (among other parameters) of the air and some gases.

The word aerometer (or Ärometer, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ -aer "air" and μέτρον -métron "measure, scale") refers to various types of devices for measuring or handling of gases. The instruments designated with this name can be used to find: the density, the flow, the amount or some other parameter of the air or a determined gas.

Another instrument called areometer (from Ancient Greek ἀραιός -araiós "lightness" and μέτρον -métron "measure, scale"), also known as hydrometer, used for measuring liquids density, is often confused with the term aerometer  here defined.

Types of aerometers
 Hall aerometer.

 Hutchinson aerometer.

 Struve aerometer.

 Scheurer aerometer.

 Smith aerometer.

 Frøkjær-Jensen aerometer.

References

Category:Gases
Category:Measuring instruments


Wade Traynham

Wade Lanier Traynham (born February 3, 1942) is a former American football player who played for Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the Frederick College, but was "dismissed from the student body at Frederick Collegefor disciplinary reasons."

References

Category:1942 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Hampton, Virginia
Category:Players of American football from Virginia
Category:American football placekickers
Category:Atlanta Falcons players
Category:Frederick College football players


Edward McLarty

Edward McLarty (1 December 1848 – 13 August 1917) was an Australian pastoralist and politician who was a member of the Legislative Council of Western Australia from 1894 to 1916, representing South-West Province.

McLarty was born in Pinjarra, in Western Australia's Peel region. His brother, John Pollard McLarty, was also a member of parliament. McLarty managed a run at Mandurah for a period in the 1860s, and later had his own stud in Pinjarra, on a property of . Prominent in agricultural circles, he was elected to the Murray Road Board in 1875 (on which he would serve for most of the rest of his life), and was also appointed a justice of the peace. McLarty was elected to parliament at the 1894 Legislative Council elections, which were the first for that body under responsible government. His initial term was for four years, but at all subsequent elections (in 1898, 1904, and 1910) he was elected to six-year terms. McLarty left parliament in 1916, and died in Pinjarra the following year, aged 69. He had married Mary Jane Campbell in 1873, with whom he had seven children. One of his sons was Sir Ross McLarty, who was Premier of Western Australia from 1947 to 1953.

References

Category:1848 births
Category:1917 deaths
Category:Australian pastoralists
Category:Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council
Category:People from Pinjarra, Western Australia
Category:Western Australian local government politicians


Apayrı

Apayrı (Disparate) is the fourth studio album by Turkish singer Hande Yener. It was released on 6 January 2006 by Erol Köse Production. The album includes elements of pop, alternative, house, R&B, club, dance, electronic and rock music and marked a change in Yener's music style. By writing and composing seven of its songs, Mete Özgencil is one of the main songwriter-composers whose name appears in the album. The recordings were done in Hamburg, Germany, and Hande Yener served as one of the album's main producers. It was her first studio album since the release of Aşk Kadın Ruhundan Anlamıyor in 2004.

With 15 songs in total, Apayrı received mixed reviews from music critics. While some praised the album, some criticized Yener for changing her musical style. "Kelepçe", written by Alper Narman and Fettah Can, was chosen as the album's lead single. "Aşkın Ateşi" and "Kim Bilebilir Aşkı" were the album's two other songs for which separate music videos were released, both of which were shot in Italy and directed by Luca Tommassini.

After selling 150,000 copies in five days, Apayrı eventually sold 165,000 copies by the end of 2006 and received a gold certification from MÜ-YAP. It also won the Best Album award at the 2007 Powertürk Music Awards. New versions of some of the album's songs were later re-released as an EP under the title Hande Maxi in 2006. At the end of 2009, Apayrı was placed sixth on the list of best albums of the past decade by NTV. After its initial release in 2006, the album was again put on sales in the music markets on 3 May 2012 and 19 June 2012.

Background and release

Hande Yener made her debut in 2000 with the release of Senden İbaret and continued her career by the studio albums Sen Yoluna... Ben Yoluma... (2002) and Aşk Kadın Ruhundan Anlamıyor (2004). On the album Sen Yoluna Ben Yoluma she first collaborated with Alper Narman and Fettah Can, and on Aşk Kadın Ruhundan Anlamıyor she started working with Mete Özgencil. In an interview in July 2004, she said that Özgencil would be more involved in her next album. By the end of 2005 and after two years of preparations, the title of Yener's new studio album was announced as Apayrı. In an interview before the album's release, she mentioned that she was seeking new material for her upcoming works and that she wanted to make albums that could be "listened to twenty years later". She also stated that with her new album she was at the "peak point" of her learning process.

On 6 January 2006, Hande Yener's fourth studio album, Apayrı, was released. Yener stated that the album was created for the "sake of art" and that the shadows of the 1980s music which "fed her music style" were existent in it. She also believed that the message in Apayrı was "much smoother" than her previous works. The album contains 15 songs in total, which were written and composed by Ertuğ Ergin, Mete Özgencil, Alper Narman, Fettah Can, Bülent Aris, Erdem Kınay, Can Şambelli, Ender Gündüzlü and Erol Çay. By writing and composing seven of the album's songs, Özgencil became the songwriter and composer whose name was mentioned the most in the album. The songs were arranged by Erdem Kınay, Devrim Karaoğlu, Bülent Aris, Rene "Greco" Krüger, Bülent Aris, and Genco Arı. Kınay arranged eight of the album's songs. Vocal recordings were done at Boyaa Music Studios Hamburg, Germany. The album's photos, which feature the green color, were taken by Simon Henwood and the album booklet was released in shades of green. Apayrı features elements of pop, alternative, house, R&B, club, dans, electronic and rock music.

Apayrı sold 150,000 copies in the first five days after its release, and by the end of 2006 the number rose to 165,000. The album received a gold certification from MÜ-YAP and won the Best Album award at the 2007 Powertürk Music Awards. The European magazine Starstyle, placed the album seventeenth on its list of 2006's best albums and described Yener as "Turkish Madonna". At the end of 2009 Ceyhun Altıok, one of NTV's music judges, placed Apayrı sixth on the list of best albums released over the past decade. Following its initial release in 2006, the album was put on sales two more times on 3 May 2012 and 19 June 2012.

Critical reception

Apayrı received mixed reviews from critics. Some criticized Yener for her change of musical style, while others praised the album. Radioman Michael Kuyucu believed that the album was released in rush and wrote a negative review for it. Kuyucu wrote that Hande Yener had "stumbled a little bit" with Apayrı and described the album as a "mistake" in her album repertoire. He named "Yola Devam", written and composed by Ertuğ Ergin, as the album's best song, and mentioned that "aggressive" Hande Yener was replaced with "meek" Hande Yener in this album. Journalist Ayşe Özyılmazel also criticized Hande Yener's change of music style and named "Kelepçe" as the album's best song. Tolga Akyıldız wrote a positive review for the album. Akyıldız wrote that the "musical uneasiness" in Aşk Kadın Ruhundan Anlamıyor (2004) was replaced with "a bold sound" in Apayrı, and described it as a "turning point" in Yener's musical career. Music website Gerçek Pop described the album as "fantastic" and in a 2010 review they mentioned that Yener had reached the "peak point" of her career with Apayrı and Nasıl Delirdim? (2007). DJ and radio programmer Olcay Tanberken also published a positive review for the album, describing it as a "top" work. Sabahs Can Sayın praised the album and stated that it was a work with "European" style. Sayın recommended listening to all of the tracks, and wrote that Yener was in a "period of maturity" in her career. He also added that the song "Unut" from this album had helped her in reaching the peak point.

Music videos
Hande Yener released three music videos for Apayrı. The first music video was made for the song "Kelepçe", written by Alper Narman and Fettah Can. Yener flew to London to shoot the music video under the direction of Simon Henwood. Various animation techniques were used in the video, which was inspired by the story of Little Red Riding Hood. The video was the most expensive of Yener's music videos up to that day. The song ranked first on numerous radio stations and music charts.

After the release of Apayrı, Yener announced that the second music video would be prepared for the song "Kim Bilebilir Aşkı". However, a questionnaire was later put on her official website to ask the audience what the second music video should be and the song "Aşkın Ateşi" was chosen following the survey. The music video for "Aşkın Ateşi" was shot in Italy under the direction of Luca Tommassini. The video represented Turkey at a music video competition by OGAE, a network of fan clubs for Eurovision Song Contest. It ranked second, earning Turkey its best result in the competition. "Aşkın Ateşi" also ranked first in many radio stations in Turkey.

The third music video was prepared for "Kim Bilebilir Aşkı", which was originally intended to become the album's second music video. As with the previous video, this one was also directed by Luca Tommassini and shot at Tommassini's house in Rome. Hande Yener appeared as a geisha in the video. A new version "Kim Bilebilir Aşkı" was later included in Hande Maxi and released as the first music video of the EP.

Track listing

Personnel

 Erol Köse Exclusive – production
 Erol Köse – producer, production director
 Üçüncü Göz Ltd. Şti. – production company
 Hande Yener – main vocals, producer
 Boyaa Music Studios – vocal recordings
 Mete Özgencil – songwriter, composer
 Ertuğ Ergin – songwriter, composer
 Erdem Kınay – arranger, composer
 Alper Narman – songwriter, composer
 Fettah Can – songwriter, composer
 Bülent Aris – arranger, composer
 Erol Çay – songwriter, composer
 Devrim Karaoğlu – arranger
 Can Şambelli – songwriter, composer
 Rene "Greco" Krüger – arranger, piano
 Ender Gündüzlü – songwriter, composer
 Genco Arı – arranger, bass guitar, fender Rhodes
 Simon Henwoood – photographer
 Canan Kaplan – vocals
 Ebru & Elçin – vocals
 Thierry Paul – guitar

 Jörg Sander – guitar
 Fontaine Burnet – bass guitar
 Burak Gültekin – acoustic guitar
 Halil İbrahim Işık – flugelhorn, trumpet
 Bülent Tekakpınar – vocals
 Ayşegül Yağız – vocals
 Dirk Sengotta – drums
 Sarp Maden – guitar
 Andreas "Spok" Bock – drums recording
 Soundgarden – mastering
 Master & Sevant – mastering
 Gow Tanaka – hair
 Helen Asher – make-up
 Brooke Neilson – stylist
 Sanem Canik Habib – creative consultant
 Pink Production – project coordination, management
 Şermin Ekinci – project coordination, management
 Exposure Films – design
 CM – printing
 Funda Düşgör – PR

Credits adapted from Apayrıs album booklet.

Release history

References

External links
 Apayrı – Discogs

Category:2006 albums
Category:Hande Yener albums


The Motorettes

The Motorettes were a band from the North East England coastal town of Tynemouth. The band comprised Jack Laidlaw, Jed Laidlaw and Robin Howe. They were signed to Kitchenware Records with Editors. They released their debut single "Super Heartbeats" on 23 January 2006. "Super Heartbeats" was the Xfm single of the week. The Motorettes extensively toured the UK throughout 2006. This included joint-headline dates in July with Kubichek!. In June 2007, drummer Jed Laidlaw left the Motorettes, and was replaced by Daniel Rose-Troup, who then subsequently left shortly after. The Motorettes played the Freevolution Festival in Newcastle on May Day 2007.

Their debut album, The Motorettes, was released on 21 August 2006.
 "Super Heartbeats" - 3:07
 "You Gotta Look the Parts" - 2:55
 "Go! Go! Gadget Girl" - 2:16
 "Heart... Stop... Ing" - 4:08
 "I'm on Fire" - 3:14
 "Baby Come Home" - 3:40
 "I Hate to See You Cry" - 4:50
 "The Death of Cool" - 2:45
 "(Do You Wanna Be My) Girlfriend?" - 2:38
 "I Am Blisters, I Am" - 3:25
 "Relax, It's the 80's" - 2:41
 "Vs the Mountain" - 2:30

In mid-2008, Jack Laidlaw and Robin Howe announced on the Motorettes' website that the band "were no more".  The two have now got involved with another group named Love Bites and Bruises.

External links
Home page
Kitchenware Records
Love Bites And Bruises

Category:English rock music groups
Category:Musical groups established in 2006
Category:English indie rock groups
Category:Music in Newcastle upon Tyne


Caladenia paradoxa

Caladenia paradoxa, commonly known as the ironcaps spider orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, hairy leaf and up to three small creamy-white flowers. It was previously thought to be the same species as the eastern Australian Caladenia flaccida but is now recognised as distinct.

Description
Caladenia paradoxa is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, hairy leaf,  long and  wide. Up to three creamy white flowers  long and  wide are borne on a stalk  tall. The sepals and petals have long, thin, drooping, brown thread-like ends. The dorsal sepal is erect,  long and about  wide. The lateral sepals are  long and  wide and curve stiffly downwards. The petals are  long, about  wide and arranged like the lateral sepals. The labellum is  long,  wide and creamy-white with red lines and spots. The sides of the labellum have short, blunt teeth and there are two rows of anvil-shaped, cream-coloured calli which sometimes have red tips along its mid-line. Flowering occurs from August to early October.

Taxonomy and naming
Caladenia paradoxa was first described in 2001 by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Phillip Brown from a specimen collected near Southern Cross and the description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (paradoxa) is a Latin word meaning "strange" or "contrary to expectations" referring to the difficulty of categorising this as a separate species.

Distribution and habitat
The ironcaps spider orchid is found on the coastal plain between Wubin and Norseman in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Jarrah Forest and Mallee biogeographic regions. It usually grows on the slopes of ironstone hills.

Conservation
Caladenia paradoxa is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.

References

paradoxa
Category:Endemic orchids of Australia
Category:Orchids of Western Australia
Category:Plants described in 2001
Category:Endemic flora of Western Australia
Category:Taxa named by Stephen Hopper
Category:Taxa named by Andrew Phillip Brown


Ground

Ground may refer to:

 The Earth's surface
 Soil, a mixture of clay, sand and organic matter present on the surface of the Earth
 Ground (electricity),  the reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured
 Earthing system, part of an electrical installation that connects with the Earth's conductive surface
 Ground and neutral, closely related terms
 Ground (often grounds), in law, a rational motive or basis for a belief, conviction, or action taken, such as a legal action or argument:
 Grounds for divorce, regulations specifying the circumstances under which a person will be granted a divorce
 Common ground (communication technique), in communication, people sharing some common understanding between each other
 Coffee grounds, ground up coffee beans
 Ground bass, in music, a bass part that continually repeats, while the melody and harmony over it change
 Ground tissue, one of the three types of tissue systems in a plant
 Ground term, in symbolic logic, a term with no variables
 Ground (unit), a unit of area used in India
 Ground (Dzogchen),  the primordial state in Dzogchen
The Ground, a 2005 album by Norwegian jazz pianist Tord Gustavsen
 Ground (album), the second album by the Nels Cline Trio
 "Ground" (song), one of the songs in the debut album of the Filipino rock band Rivermaya
 Ground surface, often on metals, created by various grinding operations
 Ground (cricket), where cricket games are played, and also part of the playing area.

See also

 Grounding (disambiguation)
 Grounded (disambiguation)
 Grounds (disambiguation)
 Earth (disambiguation)
 Grind (disambiguation),
 Ground level (disambiguation)


Mickey Brady

Mickey Brady (born 7 October 1950) is an Irish republican politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Newry and Armagh since 2015.  He was previously a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh from 2007 to 2015.

Brady was born in the Ballybot area of Newry. He attended the Abbey Primary School in the town and later the Abbey Christian Brothers' Grammar School. After this, he went to university in Liverpool. In 1981, Brady was employed by the Confederation of Community Groups in Newry, running a welfare rights advice centre, dealing with benefits and housing issues until 2007. His mother, Sarah "Sally" Brady (3 March 1909 – 4 May 2016), was the second oldest known living person in Northern Ireland.

Brady says he was always interested in politics and was always an Irish republican so it was an obvious progression for him to be selected to contest the Newry and Armagh Assembly seat in 2007 for Sinn Féin. He first took his seat in the Northern Ireland Assembly on 8 March 2007 and retained the seat in 2011. He was selected to contest the 2015 general election by party members in Newry and won the seat. He does not take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, in line with Sinn Féin's abstentionist policy.

Locally, Brady is also a member of the Confederation of Community Groups and a member of the Board of Governors for schools in his constituency.

On 4 May 2015, during his Westminster election campaign, Brady was told by the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) of a death threat against him. During the early hours of the following morning, he was advised again of another death threat against him and a bomb threat on his family home in Newry. The PSNI searched the property and found no devices.

On 8 June 2017, Brady was re-selected by Sinn Féin in the Newry & Armagh constituency to defend his Westminster seat in the snap 2017 United Kingdom general election.

Brady successfully defended his seat again in the snap 2019 general election on 12 December 2019.

References

External links
Profile, agendani.com

Category:1950 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Newry
Category:Sinn Féin MLAs
Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 2007–2011
Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 2011–2016
Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Newry and Armagh (since 1983)
Category:Sinn Féin MPs (post-1921)
Category:UK MPs 2015–2017
Category:UK MPs 2017–2019
Category:UK MPs 2019–
Category:Sinn Féin councillors in Northern Ireland