Francis H. Underwood

Francis Henry Underwood (January 12, 1825 – August 7, 1894) was an American editor and writer. He was the founder and first associate editor of The Atlantic Monthly in 1857 while still working as a publisher's assistant.

Biography
Underwood was born in Enfield, Massachusetts, on January 12, 1825.

Underwood worked in Kentucky from 1845 to 1850, but his hatred of slavery caused him to quit the state. He became an ardent supporter of the Free Soil Party. Originally, he planned to launch a Free-soil magazine in 1853, but the idea did not come to fruition until The Atlantic Monthly in 1857.

Underwood traveled to Britain in August 1885 on SS Cephalonia. He arrived in Liverpool and then traveled by railway to Glasgow.

In 1885 was appointed American Consul at Glasgow in Scotland. In 1893 he was Consul for Leith. He is noted as being a member of Edinburgh's "Pen and Pencil Club".

He lived at 35 Mansionhouse Road in the Grange, Edinburgh.

He died in Edinburgh on August 7, 1894.

Works
 Cloud Pictures, a novel
 Hand-books of English Literature
 Builders of American Literature
 Lord of Himself
 Man Proposes
 Dr. Gray's Quest
 biographies of Lowell, Longfellow, and Whittier

References

Category:1825 births
Category:1894 deaths
Category:People from Enfield, Massachusetts
Category:American biographers
Category:19th-century American diplomats
Category:American emigrants to Scotland


Byrd Baylor

Byrd Baylor Schweitzer (born March 28, 1924) is an American novelist, essayist, and author of picture books for children. Four of her books have achieved Caldecott Honor status.

Background
Byrd Baylor was born in March 1924 in San Antonio, Texas. She is related to Robert Emmett Bledsoe Baylor, the namesake of Baylor University, and to Admiral Richard E. Byrd. Her first name, Byrd, is taken from her mother's maiden name.

Baylor attended the University of Arizona.

Writing
Baylor's work presents images of the Southwest and an intense connection between the land and the Native American people. Her prose illustrates vividly the value of simplicity, the natural world, and the balance of life within it.

Personal
Baylor currently lives in Arivaca, Arizona, in an adobe house that does not have electricity, and works with three manual typewriters.

Caldecott Honors
Baylor was awarded Caldecott Honors for her books When Clay Sings (1973) with illustrator Tom Bahti, and The Desert is Theirs (1976), Hawk, I'm Your Brother (1977), and The Way to Start a Day (1979) with illustrator Peter Parnall.

Bibliography

Amigo (1963)
One Small Blue Bead (1965; illustrated by Symeon Shimin)
Before You Came This Way (1969)
Coyote Cry (1972)
When Clay Sings (1972)
Sometimes I Dance Mountains (1973)
Everybody Needs a Rock (1974; illustrated by Peter Parnall)
The Desert is Theirs (1975; illustrated by Peter Parnall) (Caldecott Honor)
Hawk, I’m Your Brother (1976; illustrated by Peter Parnall) (Caldecott Honor)
Yes Is Better than No (1977; with illustrations by Leonard Chana, 1990)
The Way to Start a Day (1978; illustrated by Peter Parnall) (Caldecott Honor)
The Other Way to Listen (1978; illustrated by Peter Parnall)
Your Own Best Secret Place (1979; illustrated by Peter Parnall)
If You Are a Hunter of Fossils (1980; illustrated by Peter Parnall)
Desert Voices (1981; illustrated by Peter Parnall)
I'm In Charge of Celebrations (1986; illustrated by Peter Parnall)
The Table Where Rich People Sit (1994; illustrated by Peter Parnall)

References

Category:1924 births
Category:American children's writers
Category:Living people
Category:University of Arizona alumni


Colin Martyn

Ronald Arthur Colin Martyn (27 January 1903 – 11 January 1968) was an Australian rules footballer who played in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Martyn made his debut for the Carlton Football Club in round 3 of the 1928 season. He left the game at the end of the 1932 season.

External links

Colin Martyn at Blueseum

Category:Carlton Football Club players
Category:Coburg Football Club players
Category:Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
Category:Sportspeople from Melbourne
Category:1903 births
Category:1968 deaths


Regional League Central Division

Regional League Central Division is the 3rd Level League in Thailand. It was formed in 2016 along with another region, making it 8 regions/leagues at the same level. The winner and runner-up of each regional league enter the Regional League Championships to determine the three teams that will receive promotion to the Thai Division 1 League.

League history

Formed in 2016, with 11 clubs.

Timeline

Championship history

Member clubs

Nor
Category:Sports leagues established in 2016
Category:2016 establishments in Thailand


The Cheetah Girls 2

The Cheetah Girls 2, also known as The Cheetah Girls: When In Spain is a 2006 American film and the sequel to the Disney Channel Original Movie, The Cheetah Girls. Its premiere received the highest ratings of all Disney Channel Movies at its time, a total of over 8.1 million viewers, beating the premiere ratings of High School Musical (7.7 million), and beating previous highest-rated DCOM record holder, Cadet Kelly (7.8 million), as well as becoming the highest-rated Cheetah Girls film in the trilogy.

The sequel is about a talented teen quartet who take a whirlwind tour of Spain to pursue their dreams of pop superstardom. Unlike its predecessor, which incorporated karaoke-like musical numbers, The Cheetah Girls 2 turned into more of a musical. This is the last film in the series to star Raven-Symoné. The film is the eighth-highest-rated Disney Channel Original Movie of all time and was the highest-rated Disney Channel Original Movie of 2006.

Plot
The movie begins in Manhattan, three years after the first movie, where the Cheetah Girls have just completed their junior year and are performing at a Graduation Party for the Manhattan Magnet's Class of 2006 ("The Party's Just Begun").

Later while having a sleep-over/Chinese food night at Galleria's (Raven-Symoné), Chanel (Adrienne Bailon) tells the girls that her mother, Juanita (Lori Anne Alter), is planning a trip to Barcelona, Spain, where they will be visiting Luc (Abel Folk), Juanita's boyfriend. Chanel is bummed and does not want to see Luc while the other girls are upset about being separated for the summer when Aqua (Kiely Williams) sees a shooting star and the girls make a wish together—to go to Spain with Chanel. At that very moment, one of the girl's magazines flips pages until it comes across an ad for a Barcelona music festival. Galleria enters the Cheetah Girls and the next day, her mother Dorothea (Lynn Whitfield), Juanita, and the Cheetah Girls all travel to Spain.

When the girls arrive in Barcelona, they do some shopping before resting in a Cafe. Soon they hear a guitar playing and meet Angel (Peter Vives), a mysterious guitar player who accompanies them around Barcelona as they sing to the entire city, and he becomes Galleria's love interest ("Strut").

The next day the girls audition for the festival and earn a spot ("Cheetah Sisters (Barcelona Mix)").

The next day at breakfast, they meet Joaquin (Golan Yosef), a count, Luc's godson, and a handsome dancer who becomes a love interest for Dorinda (Sabrina Bryan). The next day after Dorinda finds out Joaquin is a dancer, she goes to his studio, where he teaches her tango ("Dance With Me").

That night Joaquin takes the Cheetahs to The Dancing Cat, a local Spanish night club where all the new artists perform their songs ("Why Wait")("A La Nanita Nana").

There they meet and befriended Marisol (Belinda), a Spanish pop star, beloved by all of Barcelona, and who will also compete in the Music Festival, and her manager/mother, Lola (Kim Manning), who appears nice and wins the Cheetah Girls' affection, but secretly plans a scheme to break up the Cheetah Girls, as they pose a threat to her daughter's chances in the competition, and she starts making Marisol take Chanel away from The Cheetah Girls. Meanwhile, Aqua and Dorothea have been designing clothes with Dorothea's old friends, Juanita is trying to get a proposal out of Luc, Dorinda is teaching hip hop to Joaquin's class, and Galleria is the only one focused on the competition, as she is writing a song called, "Amigas Cheetahs", which they will sing at the competition ("Do Your Own Thing").

Galleria notices that everyone is getting involved in other activities except for her ("It's Over"), and eventually decided to take a train to Paris, where she can meet up with her father, Francobollo, and he will take her back home to Manhattan. While at a train station, the other three girls find Galleria and sing the starting sequence of "Amigas Cheetahs", and Galleria says she will only come back if they stay focused. While Chanel walked around the house, she overhears Juanita talking to Dorothea about how she believes that Luc doesn't want to marry her because Chanel doesn't like him. Luc later proposes to Juanita, after Chanel gives him permission, and she gladly accepts. Luc tells Chanel that she can stay in New York with her friends for her upcoming senior year. However, the Cheetah Girls' dreams are in serious trouble. After the Cheetah Girls finish performing at The Dancing Cat ("Step Up"), Lola convinces The Dancing Cat's manager to pay the Cheetah Girls money. The competition will only allow amateur performs to compete. Accepting payment from The Dancing Cat makes the Cheetah Girls professional performers. However, they gave the money back and Angel, who was present during the entire exchange, investigates.

Lola suggests that since the Cheetah Girls cannot perform as a group, Chanel should perform with Marisol instead since they can both sing in Spanish. Right before Chanel is going to get changed to perform with Marisol, the Festival Director informs that the Cheetah Girls are able to perform after getting a tip. Everyone is surprised when they see that the informer was his nephew, Angel. He informed that Lola tried to sabotage the Cheetahs, and his uncle reinstates the girls as the Cheetah Girls. Lola tries to dispute, but the Director will not hear it. Marisol finally tells off her mother, saying she is quitting the competition because she loves to sing and not to be famous, and her mother is just desperate to make her a star. The Cheetah Girls then perform "Amigas Cheetahs", and as a surprise, bring Marisol onto the stage (where Lola sees how happy her daughter finally is), along with Joaquin's dancing crew, Angel on the guitar and the Director on the trumpet. Their song is a hit with the crowd. An alternate ending concludes after this, where Juanita and Luc are having their wedding, and with everybody enjoying themselves ("Cherish the Moment"). (This scene is not shown in both TV or sing-along versions.)

Cast
 Raven-Symoné as Galleria "Bubbles" Garibaldi
 Adrienne Bailon as Chanel "Chuchie" Simmons
 Kiely Williams as Aquanetta "Aqua" Walker
 Sabrina Bryan as Dorinda "Do" Thomas
 Lynn Whitfield as Dorothea Garibaldi
 Belinda as Marisol Durán, a world-famous pop singer who befriends the Cheetah Girls, particularly Chanel.
 Lori Alter as Juanita Simmons
 Golan Yosef as Joaquin, Dorinda's love interest. Like Dorinda, he is a talented dancer.
 Peter Vives as Angel
 Kim Manning as Lola Durán, Marisol's mother and manager, and the main antagonist of the film. She plans to break up the Cheetah Girls in order to ensure that her daughter wins the competition and becomes a star. In the end, she also befriends the Cheetah Girls.
 Abel Folk as Luc, Juanita's fiance-then-husband, Joaquin's godfather, and Chanel's stepfather

Production
The entire film, including the scenes that took place in New York City, was shot on location in Barcelona, Spain in early 2006.

Soundtrack

The soundtrack was released on August 15, 2006.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000FZDIGS</ref> It debuted at #5 on the Billboard 200 and sold over 1.4 million copies to date.

Track listing
"The Party's Just Begun" – The Cheetah Girls
"Strut" – The Cheetah Girls featuring Peter Vives and Jorge Juan Garzón
"Dance With Me" – Drew Seeley featuring Belinda
"Why Wait?" – Belinda
"A La Nanita Nana" – Adrienne Bailon and Belinda
"Do Your Own Thing" – Raven-Symoné
"It's Over" – The Cheetah Girls
"Step Up" – The Cheetah Girls
"Amigas Cheetahs" – The Cheetah Girls featuring Belinda
"Cherish the Moment" – The Cheetah Girls
"Cheetah Sisters (Barcelona Mix)" – The Cheetah Girls
"Everyone's a Star" – Raven-Symoné
"It's Gonna Be Alright" – Raven-Symoné
"Studio Session with The Cheetah Girls" – Bonus video track

Special editions

Bonus tracks
"Route 66" – The Cheetah Girls
"Strut (Ming Mix)" – The Cheetah Girls

Disneyland concert DVD tracksAll songs performed by the Cheetah Girls"The Party's Just Begun"
"Step Up"
"Cinderella"
"Strut"
"Cheetah Sisters"

Reception

The premiere of the movie became Disney Channel's highest-rated Disney Channel Original Movie with a total of 8.1 million viewers, beating the previous record holder Cadet Kelly, which had a total of 7.8 million viewers. This was then beat by Jump In!, which closely beat it with 8.2 million viewers. Currently, the highest-rated DCOM is High School Musical 2 with 17.2 million viewers. A repeat during the weekend gathered a massive 7.82 million viewers, tallying the total number of viewers to 15.9 million viewers. The Cheetah Girls 2 is currently the sixth-highest-viewed DCOM as of September 2010. It was the highest-viewed DCOM of 2006, following the footsteps of the first film, which was the highest-viewed of 2003. Feedback to the movie has been generally positive for the target audience.

Ultimate Disney said "this film lays off on some of the annoyances found in the first film. The Cheetah Girls have grown up and thus grown out of the annoying tweenage girl characterizations that are now seen in the snobby minor characters of Hannah Montana." The review went on to say "the nicest thing about this sequel is that on screen, the Cheetah Girls still seem to exemplify a deep friendship among a group of young women. The chemistry between the central actresses is strong, making them a believable group of friends who appear to be having a lot of fun making this movie."

About.com was also favourable, commenting "The Cheetah Girls 2 contains the expected cheesiness, drama, and unrealistic plot, but I have to admit that I was totally taken in." Common Sense Media also stated "The characters have aged, and their flair for drama has taken a backseat to introspective decision making and goal setting, making them more realistic (and positive) role models." The Cheetah Girls 2 DVD currently holds a four-and-a-half-star rating on Amazon.com. Its score on IMDb, while the highest of the series, is only 4.3 out of 10.

In the United Kingdom, 282,000 viewers tuned in on its premiere night, becoming #1 of the week on Disney Channel UK.

Release

Greece      ERT      January 9, 2010

DVD releaseThe Cheetah Girls 2: Cheetah-Licious Edition was released on November 28, 2006. The Region 1 DVD includes Spanish audio tracks.The Cheetah Girls 2 – As Feras da Música DVD was released in Brazil on April 11, 2007.The Cheetah Girls 2: Cheetah-Licious Edition DVD was released in the UK on May 21, 2007.
 The Cheetah Girls 2 DVD was released in Italy on May 23, 2007, with audio tracks in Italian, German, English, Spanish and French and with extra features.The Cheetah Girls 2: Cheetah-Licious Edition DVD was released in Hong Kong on June 26, 2007. The Region 3 DVD includes audio tracks in English, Mandarin, Japanese, Spanish and Portuguese, and subtitles in English, Traditional Chinese, Malay, Indonesian, Spanish, and Portuguese.

The DVD debuted at #10 on Billboard''s "Top DVD sales" chart in the U.S., where it has sold nearly one million copies since its release and has grossed over $17 million in revenue.

Awards
2007 – Nominated; Imagen Award for Best Director – Film (Kenny Ortega)
2007 – Nominated; Golden Reel Award for Best Sound Editing in Music for Television – Long Form (Carli Barber; music editor)

References

External links

Category:2006 films
Category:2000s buddy films
Category:2000s comedy-drama films
Category:2000s musical comedy films
Category:2000s sequel films
Category:2000s teen comedy films
Category:2000s teen drama films
Category:2006 in American television
Category:2006 television films
Category:American comedy-drama films
Category:American female buddy films
Category:American films
Category:American musical comedy films
Category:American musical drama films
Category:American sequel films
Category:American teen comedy films
Category:American teen drama films
Category:American teen musical films
Category:Buddy comedy films
Category:Buddy drama films
Category:The Cheetah Girls films
Category:Comedy-drama television films
Category:Disney Channel Original Movie films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films about musical groups
Category:Films about orphans
Category:Films based on American novels
Category:Films based on young adult literature
Category:Films directed by Kenny Ortega
Category:Films set in Barcelona
Category:Films set in New York City
Category:Films shot in Barcelona
Category:Musical television films
Category:Spanish-language films
Category:Television sequel films


Deadly Nightshade (film)

Deadly Nightshade is a 1953 British crime drama film directed by John Gilling. It stars Emrys Jones, Zena Marshall and John Horsely. A convict on the run (Emrys Jones) switches identities with a lookalike, only to find himself in even deeper trouble.

Cast
Emrys Jones as Matthews / Barlow
Zena Marshall as Ann Farrington
John Horsely as Inspector Clements
Joan Hickson as Mrs. Fenton
Hector Ross as Canning
Roger Maxwell as Col. Smythe
Lesley Deane as Mrs. Smythe
Alan Gordon
Marne Maitland as Heinz

Critical reception
TV Guide thought the idea was "done much better in Antonioni's The Passenger (1975)," but found the film, "still occasionally entertaining"; while the Radio Times wrote, "In spite of its penury, this typical 1950s British crime quickie...is curiously engaging...Although director John Gilling throws in a few Cornish coastal views, he's mostly confined to unconvincing sets, though the cheapskate look only adds to the charm."

References

External links

Category:1953 films
Category:British films
Category:British crime drama films
Category:1950s crime drama films
Category:Films directed by John Gilling
Category:Film noir


Zagreb (disambiguation)

Zagreb is the capital and largest city in Croatia.

Zagreb may also refer to:
 187700 Zagreb, an asteroid discovered in 2008
 NK Zagreb, an association football team
 KK Zagreb, a basketball team
 RK Zagreb, a handball team
 Zagreb (horse)
 Zagreb Film, an animation studio in Croatia
 Yugoslav destroyer Zagreb


Karen Solie

Karen Solie (born 1966) is a Canadian poet.

Born in Moose Jaw, Solie grew up on the family farm in southwest Saskatchewan. Over the years, she has worked as a farm hand, an espresso jerk, a groundskeeper, a newspaper reporter/photographer, an academic research assistant, and an English teacher. She currently resides in Toronto, Ontario.

Karen Solie's poetry, fiction and non-fiction have appeared in numerous North American journals, including Geist The Fiddlehead, The Malahat Review, Event, Indiana Review, Arc Poetry Magazine, Other Voices, and The Capilano Review. She has also had her poetry published in the anthologies Breathing Fire (1995), Hammer and Tongs (1999), and Introductions: Poets Present Poets (2001). One of her short stories was featured in The Journey Prize Anthology 12 (2000). Solie's poem "Prayers for the Sick" won second place in ARC Magazine's 2008 Poem of the Year Contest.

Solie was one of the judges for the 2007 Griffin Poetry Prize, judged the 2012 Walrus Poetry Prize, and was a judge for the Poetry in Voice Canadian high school poetry recitation competition. In 2014, she was named as a trustee to the Griffin Trust for Excellence in Poetry.

Her new collection, The Road in Is Not the Same Road Out, was published in 2015.

In 2015, she won the Latner Writers' Trust Poetry Prize.

Her newest poetry book, The Caiplie Caves, was published in 2019.

Bibliography
Short Haul Engine (2001)  - winner of the 2002 Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize, shortlisted for the 2002 Canadian Griffin Poetry Prize, the Gerald Lampert Award, and the ReLit Award
Modern and Normal (2005) - shortlisted for the 2006 Trillium Book Award for Poetry, longlisted for the 2006 ReLit Award
Pigeon (2009) - winner of the 2010 Canadian Griffin Poetry Prize, Pat Lowther Award and Trillium Book Award for Poetry
The Living Option (2013)
The Road In Is Not the Same Road Out (2015)
The Caiplie Caves (2019)
 A sharing economy, Granta #141: Special Canada, 2017, pp 114 – 115

References

Category:1966 births
Category:Living people
Category:Canadian women poets
Category:People from Moose Jaw
Category:Writers from Saskatchewan
Category:21st-century Canadian poets
Category:21st-century Canadian women writers


Nakazato

Nakazato may refer to:

Places
Nakazato Dam, dam in Mie Prefecture, Japan
Nakazato Station, Japanese railway station in Kami-Motoyama-cho, Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefectureon the Nishi-Kyūshū Line.
Echigo-Nakazato Station, Japanese railway station on the Jōetsu Line in Yuzawa, Minamiuonuma District, Niigata Prefecture
Kami-Nakazato Station, Japanese railway station, JR East railway station located in Kita, Tokyo
Ugo-Nakazato Station, Japanese railway station located in Semboku, Akita Prefecture

People with the surname
Harumi Nakazato (born 1962), Japanese sprint canoer
Katsuhito Nakazato (born 1956), Japanese photographer
Koichi Nakazato (born 1973), Japanese football player
Koji Nakazato (born 1982), Japanese football player
Shūgorō Nakazato (1919–2016), Japanese martial artist
Takahiro Nakazato (born 1990), Japanese football player
Tsuneko Nakazato, real name Nakazato Tsune (1909–1987), pen-name of a novelist in Showa period in Japan

See also
Nakasato (disambiguation)

Category:Japanese-language surnames


Cae'r Meirch

Cae'r Meirch is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Ceredigion,  west Wales.

See also
List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Ceredigion

Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Ceredigion


Benifairó de les Valls

Benifairó de les Valls is a municipality in the comarca of Camp de Morvedre in the Valencian Community, Spain.

Category:Municipalities in the Province of Valencia
Category:Camp de Morvedre
Category:Populated places in the Province of Valencia


Syran Mbenza

Syran Mbenza (or M’Benza) (b. 1950) is a guitarist, originally from the Congo, who has lived in Paris since about 1981.  He has recorded and performed prolifically over five decades, including as a solo artist; as one of the four members of the popular soukous "supergroup" Les Quatre Étoiles; as a founding member of the acoustic, Congolese rumba revival band Kékélé; in other bands; and in support of numerous artists.  He has been described as one of the greatest guitar players of Africa.

Career/History

Early years: Congo/Zaire (1950 to early 1970s)
Mingiedi "Syran" Mbenza was born on May 31, 1950, in a family of six, in Leopoldville (now Kinshasa), in what was then the Belgian Congo (and was later the Republic of the Congo, then Zaire, and is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo).

Mbenza began to play guitar at about age 11.  He grew up hearing the music of Franco, and taught himself to play guitar in Franco's style.  He played in a number of local bands, and learned from "Docteur Nico" (Nicolas Kasanda) of African Jazz.  In 1968, while still in school, he joined a neighborhood group called La Banita and stayed until about 1970.  This was followed by stints with Jamel Jazz, Dynamic Jazz, Ewawa de Malph, and Somo-Somo. (This list is included in several thumbnail biographies of Mbenza, though not confirmed by the few available sources on those bands, e.g. a list of renowned musicians with early experience in Jamel Jazz.)

He then joined the band Lovy du Zaire, formed in 1971 or 1972 by Victor "Vicky" Longomba, who was previously a co-founder of OK Jazz and afterward a member of African Jazz.  Other later-famous musicians in Lovy du Zaire included Bumba Massa, Youlou Mabiala and Mose Se Sengo (Mose Fan Fan).

Beginning of Musical Career: Zaire and West Africa (1970s)
After leaving Lovy, Mbenza decided to become a professional musician, working with a group called Orchestre Kara (or Kara de Kinshasa) in a nightclub with the same name.  Vicky Longomba had created that group in 1973 or 1974, as the successor band to Lovy.

In 1978 Mbenza moved to, in the words of Congolese-music historian Gary Stewart, "what looked -- from downtrodden Kinshasa at least -- like the more prosperous climate of West Africa," initially Lomé, Togo.  There he joined the African All Stars of his cousin Sam Mangwana, with other Congolese musicians including guitarist Bopol Mansiamina, who would become a lifelong collaborator, and drummer Ringo Moya.  The original version of that band only lasted about a year, though, then split in two, with one group (including Mangwana, Mbenza, and Bopol) moving to Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, and another group staying in Lomé.

After the split, Paris-based producer Eddy Gustave flew Mangwana, Mbenza, Bopol, and Pablo Lubadika to Paris for a September 1979 recording session, which resulted in two albums on his Eddy'son record label, including remakes of some African All-Stars hits.  Confusingly, the covers of both albums are titled Eddy'Son Presente Sam Mangwana.  For the next year, those four musicians "shuttled back and forth between Paris and the Abidjan-Lomé corridor," playing together as International Sam Mangwana.

The caption of a photo of the 1979 version of the African All Stars lists Mbenza's instrument as "mi-solo guitar."  In Congolese music the mi-solo, or half-solo, guitar plays a part "between the solo guitars and the rhythm guitars."  Mbenza's work with Mangwana made his name in Congolese music circles.  In 1990, the New York Times noted his lead guitar work on Mangwana's 1979 "Maria Tebbo," which it described as "a pan-African hit."

While in West Africa, in 1980, he recorded his first solo album, Kouame.

With Les Quatre Étoiles: Paris (1980s and early 1990s)
In about 1981 Mbenza moved to Paris, where he has been based since, while frequently touring worldwide with other African musicians, including in Europe, North America, and East Africa.  The years immediately following his move to Paris were his most prolific, to this date.

In Paris, Mbenza was in great demand as a session musician.  As one of a number of Congolese "session men" in Paris -- other such guitarists included Diblo Dibala, Rigo Star Bamundélé, and Dally Kimoko -- he was often called on by producers to play guitar on others' records, for which he received a flat fee, in addition to leading on his own records, for which he earned royalties.  He continued to work often with Bopol, who had moved from Lomé to Paris at about the same time, usually with Mbenza playing lead guitar and Bopol playing rhythm guitar.  Producers who engaged Mbenza included Eddy Gustave and his Eddy'Son label, Moumouni Outtara and Afro-Rythme, Richard Dick and Africamania, and Ibrahim Sylla and Syllart, as well as the Salsa Musique, Melodie, and Buda Musique labels.  Mbenza released several more solo albums: Ilanga on Eddy'Son, Elisa Dangwa on Africamania, Sisika on Syllart, and Symbiose.

In 1982, initially for Outtara's label, Mbenza and Bopol joined well-known Congolese singers Nyboma (Nyboma Mwan’dido) and Wuta Mayi to found the popular and influential soukous group Les Quatre Etoiles  (the Four Stars), which released seven studio albums and three live albums (though two of those may be the same) through the mid-1990s, and played live shows as recently as 2010.  Each of its four members was a star in his own right who recorded solo albums.  Les Quatre Étoiles was a loose-knit arrangement rather than an exclusive one; Mbenza and its other three members released solo records, formed other bands, and played as sidemen in support of other musicians (notably including one another) throughout the time of their membership in Les Quatre Étoiles.

When Mbenza was touring the United States, Ibrahim Kanja Bah, who ran an African music radio show, record store, and record label in Washington, D.C., arranged recording sessions for him, resulting in his album Africa: The Golden Years, a medley of West African songs covered in Congolese style that was lamented by aficionados as starting a genre of "megamix" albums, and a similar approach to American soul classics released as Soul on Fire by "Maloko."

In 1988, Mbenza joined Congolese vocalists Passi Jo and Jean-Papy Ramazani to create a "side project" band called Kass Kass, which recorded several albums of high-energy, dance-floor soukous.  Some of its music showed an influence of zouk, the French Caribbean dance music of that time, and in an interview Mbenza noted that he had worked in the studio with the zouk band Kassav'.

Recent years: Paris (late 1990s to present)

In addition to continuing to record and tour, Mbenza has engaged in two significant projects since Les Quatre Etoiles.

First, in 2000, with other veteran African musicians he formed Kékélé, a band that played slow-tempo Congolese rumba in a revival style harkening back to the 1950s, '60s, and '70s, using acoustic guitars.  Its founders took this approach in reaction to the direction of Congolese music in the 1990s; as Mbenza explained, "There were no more songs, no more melodies. We thought about this and decided we had to get back to the rumba, what we played in the past. . . .  Our music was becoming decadent. We had to wake it up again."  He said that producer François Bréant
"had the idea of asking me to form a band that would make records in the style [of vintage Congolese rumba] so that this great music should not die."

Kékélé was assembled under executive producer Ibrahima Sylla.  The band's consistent core members were Mbenza on guitar and vocalists Nyboma, Wuta Mayi, Bumba Massa, and Loko ‘Djeskain’ Massengo.  Other members of the band's cast at different times included guitarists Papa Noel Nedule, Yves Ndjock, and Rigo Star Bamundélé, saxophonist Manu Dibango, and singers Jean-Papy Ramazani, Mbilia Bel, and Madilu System.  Kékélé released three studio albums and one live album between 2001 and 2006, and toured Europe, North America, the Caribbean, and Africa until 2010.

Second, in 2009, Mbenza recorded Immortal Franco: Africa's Unrivalled Guitar Legend, an album that paid tribute to the guitarist who had been his childhood inspiration, Franco.  Its personnel included vocalists Wuta Mayi, Elba Kuluma, Ballou Canta, and Ketsia, guitarist Bopol, bassist Flavien Makabi, and saxophonist Jimmy Mvondo.  It received positive notices from the Evening Standard (London) and Songlines magazine (UK), the Australian Broadcasting Company, RootsWorld (concluding, "Mbenza and his associates here salute the man in fabulous fashion"), and Concertzender radio (Netherlands).  The Indie Acoustic Project named it as one of three finalists for Best CD of 2009 in the World Music: Africa category.

Evaluations
Mbenza has been one of the best lead guitarists in a genre of music that is, as he explained to the New York Times, guitar-driven.   He has played with nearly all of the top Congolese musicians of his time.  His work is recognizable, with solos featuring fast runs of sparkling high notes that circle around a short theme, restating and amending it.  The interplay of his guitar work with that of his frequent collaborator Bopol has been described as "legendary."

Evaluations by those familiar with his work include superlatives and references to the world's greatest guitarists.  Examples include: “an exceptionally gifted guitarist,”  “extraordinary master guitarist,” "one of the best guitar virtuosos in Africa" and other descriptions as one of Africa's greatest guitarists, “one of the world’s finest guitarists,” and “for me, forget Carlos Santana, forget Ali Farka Toure, the greatest living guitarist.”  Writers also like to repeat the line from the BBC’s Andy Kershaw, that Eric Clapton isn’t fit to tune Mbenza’s guitar strings.

Discography

Solo albums
 Kouame (Syran M'Benza & L'African All Stars) (1980)
 Ilanga or Syran or Signé Eddy'Son (1983)
 Elisa Dangwa (1984)
 Sisika (1986)
 Bana  or Mister (Super Hit Track Bana) (1987) [This is an alternative packaging of the album Kass Kass, by Kass Kass (listed below, under "As a Band Member").]
 Africa: The Golden Years (1989)
 Symbiose (Syran M'Benza with the Best of Paris) (1990 or 1991)
 Immortal Franco: Africa's Unrivaled Guitar Legend (Syran Mbenza & Ensemble Rumba Kongo) (2009)

Featured With Other Artists
 Syran Mbenza & Bopol Masiamina [sic], The Best African Sound or Sambela (1987)

As a Band Member
 Vicky & Lovy du Zaire, (1971/1972/1973) (early 1970s singles, compilation released 1993)
 Orchestre Kara de Kinshasa, Orchestre Kara de Kinshasa (1979)
 Orchestre Kara de Kinshasa, Kiyika Masamba (Flamy) (1970s)
 Sam Mangwana & African All-Stars, vol. 1 (or Matinda) (1979)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, 4 Grandes Vedettes de la Musique Africaine (1983)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, 4 Stars (or Enfant Bamileke) (1984)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Dance (1985)
 Kass Kass, Kass Kass (1987)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, 6 Hits / 6 Tubes (1987)
 Kass Kass, Kass Tout (1988)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Zairian Stars Show in the US - Kilimanjaro Heritage Hall (1988, live)
 Maloko, Soul on Fire (1988)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Four Stars (or Kouame) (1989, live) [may be same as Kilimanjaro live album]
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Les 4 Etoiles (or Souffrance) (1991)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Sangonini (1993)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Adama Coly (1995)
 Les Quatre Étoiles, Live in London (1996, live)
 Kékélé, Rumba Congo (2001)
 Kékélé, Congo Life (2003)
 Kékélé, Kinavana (2006)
 Kékélé, Live: Tournée Américaine & Canadienne (2006)

As a Supporting Artist
This is a partial list, a representative sample of the many albums on which Mbenza played guitar.

 Sam Mangwana, Maria Tebbo (1979)
 Sam Mangwana, Eddy'Son Presente Sam Mangwana or Georgette Eckin’s (1979)
 Sam Mangwana, Eddy'Son Presente Sam Mangwana or Matinda (1979)
 Asi Kapela, Jocker (1970s?)
 Bopol Mansiamina & Besisimou, Maillot Jaune (1982)
 Bumba Massa, L'Argent Et La Femme (1982)
 Pablo Lubadika, Idie (1982)
 Bopol Mansiamina, Manuela (1983)
 Nyboma Et Les Kamale Dynamiques Du Zaire, Aïcha Motema (1983)
 Wuta May [sic], Zalaka Mayele (1983)
 Wuta Mayi, Blaise Pasco Chante Saka Mache (1983)
 Bopol Mansiamina, Bopol (or Samedi Soir or Afric'Ambience) (1984)
 Bopol & Innovation Helena (12" single) (1984)
 Lea y Domingo, Jalousie (c. 1984)
 Pablo Lubadika, Concentration (1984)
 Wuta Mayi, Tout Mal Se Paie Ici Bas (1984)
 Lady Isa, Malembe (1986)
 Bopol Mansiamina, Belinda (1989)
 Fefe David Diambouana, Fefe David Diambouana or Mama Cathie (1980s?)
 Mayos, Muana Ngombo (1980s?)
 Passi-Jo & Kass Kass Connexion, Kayifi (1980s?)
 Wuta Mayi, Le Beach (1980s)
 Madilu System, Sans Commentaire (1993)
 Sam Mangwana, Rumba Music (1993)
 Pablo Lubadika, Okominiokolo (1994)
 Awilo Longomba, Moto Pamba (1995)
 Monique Seka, Okaman (1995)
 Mose Fan Fan & Somo Somo, Hello Hello (1995)
 Samba Mapangala and Virunga, Karibu Kenya (1995)
 Samba Mapangala and Orchestra Virunga, Vunja Mifupa (1997)
 Ricardo Lemvo & Makina Loca, Mambo Yo Yo (1998)
 Passy-Jo, Les Hommes Voltigeurs (1990s?)
 Sans Papiers, Sans Papiers (2000)
 Samba Mapangala & Orchestra Virunga, Song and Dance (2006)
 Madilu System, La Bonne Humeur (2007)

References

External links
DJ Daudi (David Noyes), Ambiance Congo radio program, WRIR radio, Richmond, playlists and narratives from series of programs on Syran Mbenza, (July 27-28, 2009):
 Part 1: The Bands
 Part 2: Solo Albums & Ventures
 Part 3: Sessions
 Part 4: More Sessions

Category:1950 births
Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo musicians
Category:Soukous musicians
Category:21st-century guitarists
Category:Living people


Trąbki, Masovian Voivodeship

Trąbki  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pilawa, within Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately  east of Pilawa,  north of Garwolin, and  south-east of Warsaw.

The village has a population of 2,141.

References

Category:Villages in Garwolin County


Binneya

Binneya is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Binneyidae.

Binneya is the type genus of the family Binneyidae.

Species
Species within the genus Binneya include:
 Binneya notabilis - Santa Barbara shelled slug

References

Category:Binneyidae
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot


Mount Edgar Station

Mount Edgar Station, often referred to as Mount Edgar, is a pastoral lease that once operated as a sheep station but now operates as a cattle station.

It is located about  south east of Marble Bar and  south east of Port Hedland and in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The property is bounded by Yarrie Station.

The property was established at some time prior to 1903. In that year it was owned by Messrs Corboy and Company, who produced the first wool clip of 61 bales of wool.

Copper was being mined at the property in 1907.

W.J. Corboy still owned the property in 1908, when he placed it on the market. The property was advertised as occupying an area of  and was stocked with 6,000 sheep and 180 cattle. It had 10 wells fitted with windmills and had  of fencing.

In 1925 many windmills were destroyed and station property wrecked at Mount Edgar Station by a cyclone that passed through the area.

Employees at the station walked out on strike in 1946. By 1949 agreements for improved conditions and pay were negotiated at both Mount Edgar and Limestone stations and the strike was effectively ended.

See also
List of ranches and stations
List of pastoral leases in Western Australia

References

Category:Pastoral leases in Western Australia
Category:Stations (Australian agriculture)
Category:Pilbara


Nadeen El-Dawlatly

Nadeen El-Dawlatly (born 22 June 1993 in Doha, Qatar) is an Egyptian table tennis player. She plays for El-Ahly Club in Cairo. She qualified for the London 2012 Olympic Games with her result at the 2011 All-Africa Games.

Personal life
El-Dawlatly was born into a table tennis family. Both her parents and her siblings were successful table tennis players. She began playing aged 7 at the Ahly Club Table Tennis School under the supervision of her father.

Career record

African Junior Table Tennis Championships
 2010 Oyo: Girls Singles, Girls Doubles, Girls Team

African U21 Championships
 2011 Rabat: Girls Singles, Girls Doubles, Mixed Doubles

All Africa Games
 2011 Maputo: Women's Team
 2011 Maputo: Women's Singles, Doubles, Mixed Doubles

References

External links

 Fan Page on Facebook

Category:1993 births
Category:Living people
Category:Egyptian female table tennis players
Category:Table tennis players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Table tennis players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic table tennis players of Egypt
Category:African Games gold medalists for Egypt
Category:African Games medalists in table tennis
Category:African Games silver medalists for Egypt
Category:African Games bronze medalists for Egypt
Category:Competitors at the 2011 All-Africa Games
Category:Competitors at the 2015 African Games


Donat Nonnotte

Donatien Nonnotte (10 January 1708 - 4 February 1785) was a French painter who specialized in portraiture.

A native of Besançon, Nonnotte was received by the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture in 1741 as a portrait painter.  In 1754, he moved to Lyon, where he obtained the title of "official painter" of the town in 1762. Most notably, he taught François-Hubert Drouais.

Gallery

References

Category:1708 births
Category:1785 deaths
Category:People from Besançon
Category:18th-century French painters
Category:French male painters
Category:French portrait painters


Linkwood distillery

The Linkwood Distillery is a whisky distillery in Elgin, in the Speyside region of Scotland. It is owned by the drinks giant Diageo. The distillery was built in 1821 by Peter Brown with two stills, and started production in 1825 with a capacity of 4,500 litres per year. The distillery was operated by James Walker until Browns death in 1868, after which the distillery got under control of his son, William Brown.

Between 1872 and 1873 William Brown, the son of Peter Brown designed and built a new distillery with help of architect Methven, replacing the old one on the same location. The new distillery had a capacity of 227,000 liters per year. After William Browns death, the Linkwood-Glenlivet company was created by Browns family in 1898 and brought to the stock exchange. The distillery was then further extended to a capacity of 454,000 liters per year.

In 1902 Innes Cameron joined the Linkwood-Glenlivet company and became managing director of the Linkwood distillery until his death in 1932. By that time he was the largest shareholder of the company. The company was sold to Scottish Malt Distillers, which itself was bought by United Distillers.

After temporary closure between 1941 and 1945 as a result of barley shortage during World War II, the distillery reopened in 1945 under Roderick Mackenzie, who led the distillery until 1963. Mackenzie believed that all things in the distillery contributed to the final product. In 1962, Scottish Malt Distillers decided the distillery needed to be completely refurbished. Mackenzie oversaw the rebuilding of the distillery in his last year as general manager. The distillery was electrified, replacing the steam engine and water wheel that powered the distillery before, and all stills were replaced with exact replicas of the former stills.

In 1971 a second distillery was built alongside the first, which became known as Linkwood B, with steam heated stills. The stills of the first distillery were converted to being heated by steam as well. With the build of Linkwood B the two distilleries reached their current combined capacity of 2.5 million liters per year.

The distillery was mothballed between 1985 and 1990.

References

Category:Scottish malt whisky


List of Latin music subgenres

The earliest subgenres of Latin music is the corrido, a subgenre originating from popular music or Latin pop; a subclass of Latin music. Corrido music had its beginnings in Iberian folk in medieval Europe. The genre shared similarities to medieval cancioneros, through the European colonization of the Americas in the 15th century and the slave trade that followed, the lyrics were romanticized with heroic figures as the song's protagonist. Although the term "Latin music" varies between sources, the general consensus is that of genres originating in Latin America, the United States, and Iberian Peninsula, or music in Spanish. Although subgenres changes classification over time and various genres are clustered in subclasses of larger scopes, this timeline does not include regionalized identities of Latin music (e.g., "Dominican merengue", "Chilean folk", and "Puerto Rican salsa" for an example) are excluded in this list as they share or are under the same umbrella of their respective genres with slightly varying differences. Latin music is vastly large and it is impossible to include every subgenre on any list. Latin music shares a mixture of Indengious and European cultures, and in the 1550s included African influence. In the late 1700s, popular European dances and music, such as contradanzas and danzones, were introduced to Latin music. Through the 1800s, former colonies of Spain achieved independence and began performing narrative songs that were of national and local interest. The polka and accordion were introduced to Latin music in the 1860s, while Rosendo Mendizábal's "El Enterriano" (1897) became the first tango recording.

Subgenres of Latin music

See also
Latin American music in the United States
Women in Latin music

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links
What Is Latin Music? About.com
Latin Music Genre Overview AllMusic
Latin Music Billboard
Latin Grammy

Category:Latin American music
*


Flag of Malaysia

The flag of Malaysia () is composed of a field of 14 alternating red and white stripes along the fly and a blue canton bearing a crescent and a 14-point star known as the Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Star). The 14 stripes, of equal width, represent the equal status in the federation of the 13 member states and the federal territories, while the 14 points of the star represent the unity between these entities. The crescent represents Islam, the country's state religion; the blue canton symbolises the unity of the Malaysian people; the yellow of the star and crescent is the royal colour of the Malay rulers.

History

The flag of Malaysia, which was first raised on 16 September 1963, originated from the flag of the Federation of Malaya. Prior to the creation of the national flag, each state in Malaya had its own flag, many of which are unchanged in design to this day.

The design of the flag is based on those of two existing flags, the flag of Majapahit and the flag of Johor, where the stripes from the flag of Majapahit were incorporated together with the canton containing the crescent and star from the flag of Johor.

Selection
When the Federation of Malaya replaced the short lived Malayan Union, the federation government through the Federal Legislative Council called for a design contest for a new flag. Three flags were forwarded to the public. The first flag had 11 white stars with two Malay kris (daggers) in the middle against a blue backdrop. The second flag consisted of "concentric circle of 11 stars around crossed keris on a blue field". The third design had 11 alternate blue and white stripes and a yellow crescent and a five-pointed star on a red background in the top left hand corner". The third design was chosen as the winner - after some adjustments by switching the canton and stripe colours - through a public poll held by The Malay Mail. Since the Malayan state was fighting the communists during the Malayan Emergency, the five-pointed star had an ironic resemblance to the communists' symbols. Therefore, the star was modified to accommodate six more points.

The Malayan flag was approved by King George VI on 19 May 1950 and was first raised in front of the Sultan of Selangor's residence on 26 May 1950. On 31 August 1957, it was raised upon independence at Merdeka Square in place of the British Union Flag.

Original symbolism
As the flag was finalised for official use, the significance of the design were given as follows:
 red, white and blue – represents Malaysia as a country belonging in the Commonwealth.
 crescent and star – represents Islam as the official religion for the Federation, as yellow symbolises sovereignty of the Malay Rulers and their roles as leader of the faith in the constituent states. The eleven-pointed star itself symbolises the  "unity and co-operation" of said member states.

The designer

The Malayan flag was designed by Mohamed Hamzah, a 29-year-old architect working for the Public Works Department (JKR) in Johor Baharu, Johore. He entered the Malayan flag design competition in 1947 with two designs that he completed within two weeks. The first design was a green flag with blue kris in the middle, surrounded by 15 white stars. The second design, which was among the three finalists, was similar to the current flag but with a five-pointed star. It borrows major design elements from the East India Company flag, notably the red and white stripes .
. The competition attracted 373 entries and voting was made by the general public via post. Malayan senior statesman Dato' Onn Jaafar met with Mohamed Hamzah after he won the competition and suggested that the star be changed to an 11-pointed one to represent all the Malayan states.

Mohamed Hamzah died just short of his 75th birthday on 13 February 1993 in Jalan Stulang Baru, Kampung Melayu Majidee, Johor.

Modifications

Following the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, the design of the Malayan flag was modified to reflect and honour the new states in the federation.

Three additional stripes were added to the existing flag and the star was given 14 points to reflect the federation of the original 11 states in Malaya plus Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore; the design remained the same even after Singapore's expulsion from the federation two years later. When Kuala Lumpur was designated a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974, the additional stripe and the point in the star were appropriated to represent this new addition to the federation. Eventually, with the addition of two other federal territories, Labuan in 1984 and Putrajaya in 2001, the fourteenth stripe and point in the star came to be associated with the federal government in general.

In 1997, when Malaysians were invited to name the flag, then Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad picked the name Jalur Gemilang to project the country's onward drive towards continuous growth and success.

Mark of respect
During the National Day celebrations, everyone is encouraged to fly the Jalur Gemilang at their homes, office buildings, shops and corporate premises.
 If the flag is fixed at home, it is to be raised pointing towards the road.
 If the flag is put in a group of flags with state and private company flags, the Malaysian flag must be raised in between two flags and its pole placed higher than the rest.

Historical flags

Flag anthem
The flag anthem is written as dedication and pride of the Malaysian national flag. It is performed on Hari Merdeka, the nation's independence day on 31 August every year. The original anthem Benderaku was written by Malaysian songwriter Tony Fonseka. After the flag was given the name Jalur Gemilang, the flag anthem was updated in 1997 to reflect this change. This was then followed by an introduction of a new flag anthem, with arrangements by Malaysian songwriter Pak Ngah and lyrics by Malaysian songwriter Siso Kopratasa.

Other ensigns and flags
Government vessels use the Jalur Gemilang as the state ensign. The following is a table of the other ensigns used in Malaysia with the national flag inside.

Federal Star (Bintang Persekutuan)
The Federal Star is similar in concept of Australia's Commonwealth Star in that it symbolises the unity of states in the Malaysian federation and its Federal government, featuring 14 points to represent each of the federation's 14 states. It is also used on the Royal Malaysian Air Force roundel, the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) flag and the former United Malayan Banking Corporation (UMBC) logo.

The Patani Malayu National Revolutionary Front, a Southern Thai Malay separatist group involved in the South Thailand insurgency, originally adopted an independence flag that incorporated a crescent and 15-point variation of the Federal Star on its flag to represent the southernmost Thai provinces' closer tie to Malay and Muslim-majority Malaysia over that of Thailand.

See also

 List of Malaysian flags
 List of Malaysian patriotic songs

Footnotes

References

External links

Malaysia
Category:National symbols of Malaysia
Jalur Gemilang
Malaysia


1775 (TV pilot)

Seventeen Seventy Five was a 1992 pilot episode for a CBS situation comedy, similar in style to the BBC situation comedy Blackadder. Set in colonial Philadelphia during the run-up to the American Revolution, the series was to follow the exploits of innkeeper Jeremy Proctor and his family. The series was not picked up by CBS.

A similar idea for a situation comedy was mentioned by Andrew Alexander in a commentary track for SCTV.

Plot
Innkeeper Jeremy Proctor needs funds to send his daughters to a ball (which will hopefully lead to marrying one of them off). He thus tries to borrow the money from his brother-in-law, George Washington, but to no avail.

Cast
Ryan O'Neal - Jeremy Proctor
Lesley-Anne Down - Annabelle Proctor
Sarah Koskoff - Maude Proctor
Judith Jones - Eliza Proctor
Danielle Harris - Abby Proctor
Gregory Sporleder - Bert
Adam West - George Washington
Jeffrey Tambor - Governor Massengill

References

External links

Category:Television pilots not picked up as a series
Category:1992 American television episodes
Category:1992 in American television
Category:Television episodes set in Philadelphia


Perryville Commercial Historic District

The Perryville Commercial Historic District encompasses the historic commercial and civic heart of the city of Perryville, Arkansas.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012, and it includes two buildings already separately listed. It is centered on the courthouse square, where the 1880 Perry County Courthouse stands.  It includes nine contributing buildings, including buildings facing the square, with a few included on adjacent side streets, and six non-contributing ones.  This area was developed beginning in the 1840s, when Perryville was founded, and grew through the mid-20th century.  Most of the buildings are vernacular commercial buildings, finished in wood, brick, or stone.  The most unusual is the Rustic Perryville American Legion Building.

Architect Irven G. McDaniels appears to have been the architect who, in 1961, designed a second annex expanding the Perry County Courthouse.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Perry County, Arkansas

Notes

References

Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Arkansas
Category:Buildings and structures in Perry County, Arkansas
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Perry County, Arkansas


Vayu Sena Medal

The Vayu Sena Medal is an Indian military decoration, usually awarded in peacetime for a job well done. However it has been granted during times of conflict for acts of gallantry in the face of enemy, though not in the same numbers as the Vir Chakra.

Posthumous awards may be made and a bar is authorized for subsequent awards of the Vayu Sena Medal.

The VM was established on 17 June 1960 by the President of India and awards have been made from 1961 onwards. Awards over the past decade or more have been classified into two categories. One is Vayu Sena Medal (Gallantry) and the other for Vayu Sena Medal (Devotion to Duty).

Description
Obverse:  A four-armed silver star with the points shaped like lotus blooms. In the centre, the national emblem. Suspended by a straight bar suspender and normally named and dated on the edge.

Reverse: A Himalayan Eagle with wings spread, and the legend, above and below, in Hindi "Vayu Sena Medal" or "Air Force / Medal".

Ribbon: 30 mm, alternating 2 mm diagonal (lower left to upper right) stripes of grey and orange-saffron. The ribbon has an overall "woven" appearance.

Examples of recipients
To understand the award better, a sample recipient would be that of the second-award bar to Squadron Leader Harchand Singh Gill, Indian Air Force:
"In October 1953, a composite column of Assam Rifles and a Civil Administrative party was attacked by armed Tagins and some officers and men were killed. Sqn-Ldr. H. S. Gill was in command of the detachment of Dakotas for the airlanding of troops. The work of airlanding personnel and supplies on the two small available landing grounds was difficult. Notwithstanding the difficulties Sqn.-Ldr. Gill with his keen enthusiasm, boundless energy and courage personally carried out the major portion of the landings at Doporijo. By his tireless work, the airlift which had appeared impossible, became a reality. He showed courage and devotion to duty of the highest order."

Sqn-Ldr. H.S. Gill was born in Mullanpur, Punjab, India. He was born on 25 March 1925.

References

External links
The Vayusena Medal
Decorations and Medals of the Republic of India

Category:Military awards and decorations of India
Category:Indian Air Force
Category:Recipients of the Vayu Sena Medal


2006 NASDAQ-100 Open – Women's Doubles

The Doubles Tournament at the 2006 NASDAQ-100 Open took place between March 20 and April 6 on the outdoor hard courts of the Tennis Center at Crandon Park in Key Biscayne, United States. Lisa Raymond and Samantha Stosur won the title, defeating Liezel Huber and Martina Navratilova in the final.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top Half

Bottom Half

References
 Main Draw

NASDAQ-100 Open - Doubles
Women's Doubles


Pietro Geremia

Pietro Geremia (10 August 1399 - 3 March 1452) was an Italian Roman Catholic priest and a professed member from the Order of Preachers. Geremia was born in Palermo but spent an extended period of time in Bologna - where he experienced a radical conversion - and Fiesole for his admittance into the Dominicans before returning to Palermo where he became a sought after and noted preacher and miracle worker.

Geremia's beatification was confirmed in 1784.

Life
Pietro Geremia was born in Palermo on 10 August 1399 to aristocrats.

Geremia studied at the Bologna college since being sent there in 1417 and was perceived to be an excellent law student and his own pride led him to believe this to be true. One night in 1422 he dwelled on his vain success and what his future would bring when a deceased male relative knocked on his third floor window; Geremia sat upright and asked who was there before seeing this relative. The relative told him that his pride lost him a chance at entering heaven and so warned Geremia not to repeat his mistakes. The shaken Geremia purchased an iron chain as a penitential act from a locksmith the next morning and began to contemplate what his vocation might be. He received a sign that it was to enter the Order of Preachers; his enraged father came to Bologna to stop him but saw how pleased Geremia was with his decision when he entered. He started his novitiate in Fiesole and was ordained to the priesthood in 1424. He made his vows in 1423 and returned to Palermo in 1433.

His fame as a preacher caught the attention of Vincent Ferrer who once visited him and the two discussed spiritual matters at great lengths. Geremia was seen as one of the finest preachers on the island and preached in the open often because the churches never could hold the vast number of people that flocked to see him. On one particular occasion there was no food for the people and he asked a fisherman for a donation but the fisherman refused him in a rude manner. So he got into a boat and rowed out to sea and made a sign to the fish who broke the nets in the water and followed him back to the shore. The fisherman apologized and so he made another sign to the fish who returned to the nets in the sea. On another occasion he was preaching on repentance in Catania when Mount Etna erupted in 1444; the people begged him to save him and he went to the Saint Agatha shrine and removed the saint's veil. He held the veil towards the flow of lava heading towards the town and the eruption and lava flow ceased.

Geremia was sent to establish regular observance to all those Dominican monasteries in the Sicilian area - in particular Santa Caterina convent - and Pope Eugene IV once called him to Florence in 1439 to help heal the rift between the Greek and Latin churches - he managed a brief union. He was once offered a bishopric but refused it.

He died on 3 March 1452 in the Santa Zita convent in Palermo.

Beatification
Geremia's beatification received the approval of Pope Pius VI on 12 May 1784.

References

External links
Saints SQPN

Category:1399 births
Category:1452 deaths
Category:15th-century venerated Christians
Category:15th-century Roman Catholic priests
Category:15th-century Italian people
Category:Italian beatified people
Category:Dominican beatified people
Category:Italian Dominicans
Category:Italian Roman Catholic priests
Category:Members of the Dominican Order
Category:People from Palermo
Category:University of Bologna alumni
Category:Venerated Catholics
Category:Venerated Dominicans


Hélène Cixous

Hélène Cixous (; ; born 5 June 1937) is a professor, French feminist writer, poet, playwright, philosopher, literary critic and rhetorician. Cixous is best known for her article "The Laugh of the Medusa", which established her as one of the early thinkers in post-structural feminism. She founded the first centre of feminist studies at a European university at the Centre universitaire de Vincennes of the University of Paris (today's University of Paris VIII).

She holds honorary degrees from Queen's University and the University of Alberta in Canada; University College Dublin in Ireland; the University of York and University College London in the UK; and Georgetown University, Northwestern University, and the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the USA. In 2008 she was appointed as A.D. White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University until June 2014.

Life and career

Academic career
Cixous earned her agrégation in English in 1959 and her Doctorat ès lettres in 1968. Her main focus, at this time, was English literature and the works of James Joyce. Cixous became assistante at the University of Bordeaux in 1962, served as maître assistante at the Sorbonne from 1965 to 1967, and was appointed maître de conférence at Paris Nanterre University in 1967.

In 1968, following the French student riots, Cixous was charged with founding the University of Paris VIII, "created to serve as an alternative to the traditional French academic environment." Cixous would, in 1974, found the University's center for women's studies, the first in Europe. Cixous is a professor at the University of Paris VIII and at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland.

Publications
In 1968, Cixous published her doctoral dissertation L'Exil de James Joyce ou l'Art du remplacement (The Exile of James Joyce, or the Art of Displacement) and the following year she published her first novel, Dedans (Inside), a semi-autobiographical work that won the Prix Médicis.

She has published widely, including twenty-three volumes of poems, six books of essays, five plays, and numerous influential articles. She published Voiles (Veils) with Jacques Derrida and her work is often considered deconstructive. In introducing her Wellek Lecture, subsequently published as Three Steps on the Ladder of Writing, Derrida referred to her as the greatest living writer in his language (French). Cixous wrote a book on Derrida titled Portrait de Jacques Derrida en jeune saint juif (Portrait of Jacques Derrida as a Young Jewish Saint). Her reading of Derrida finds additional layers of meaning at a phonemic rather than strictly lexical level. In addition to Derrida and Joyce, she has written monographs on the work of the Brazilian writer Clarice Lispector, on Maurice Blanchot, Franz Kafka, Heinrich von Kleist, Michel de Montaigne, Ingeborg Bachmann, Thomas Bernhard, and the Russian poet Marina Tsvetaeva. Cixous is also the author of essays on artists, including Simon Hantaï, Pierre Alechinsky and Adel Abdessemed to whom she has devoted two books.

Along with Luce Irigaray and Julia Kristeva, Cixous is considered one of the mothers of poststructuralist feminist theory.
In the 1970s, Cixous began writing about the relationship between sexuality and language. Like other poststructuralist feminist theorists, Cixous believes that our sexuality is directly tied to how we communicate in society. In 1975, Cixous published her most influential article "Le rire de la méduse" ("The Laugh of the Medusa"), which was revised by her, translated into English by Paula Cohen and Keith Cohen, and released in English in 1976. She has published over 70 works; her fiction, dramatic writing and poetry, however, are not often read in English.

The Bibliothèque nationale de France
In 2000, a collection in Cixous' name was created at the Bibliothèque nationale de France after Cixous donated the entirety of her manuscripts to date. They then featured in the exhibit "Brouillons d'écrivains" held there in 2001.

In 2003, the Bibliothèque held the conference "Genèses Généalogies Genres: Autour de l'oeuvre d'Hélène Cixous". Among the speakers were Mireille Calle-Gruber, Marie Odile Germain, Jacques Derrida, Annie Leclerc, Ariane Mnouchkine, Ginette Michaud, and Hélène Cixous herself.

Film
Hélène Cixous is featured in Olivier Morel's 118-minute film Ever, Rêve, Hélène Cixous (France, USA, 2018).

Personal life
Cixous was born in Oran, French Algeria to Jewish parents, Eve Cixous, née Klein (1910–2013) and Georges Cixous (1909–1948). Georges Cixous, a physician who had written his dissertation on tuberculosis, died of the disease in 1948. Eve Cixous became a midwife following his death, "until her expulsion with the last French doctors and midwives in 1971." Cixous' brother, Pierre, "a medical student and a supporter of Algerian independence" was condemned to death in 1961 by the Organisation Armée Secrète, and would join Cixous in Bordeaux. Her mother and brother would return to Algeria following the country's independence in 1962. They would be arrested, and Cixous "obtained their release with the help of Ahmed Ben Bella's lawyer."

Cixous married Guy Berger in 1955, with whom she had three children, Anne-Emmanuelle (b. 1958), Stéphane (1960–1961), and Pierre-François (b. 1961). Cixous and Berger divorced in 1964.

Influences on Cixous' writing
Some of the most notable influences on her writings have been Jacques Derrida, Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan and Arthur Rimbaud.

Sigmund Freud
Psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud established the initial theories which would serve as a basis for some of Cixous' arguments in developmental psychology. Freud's analysis of gender roles and sexual identity concluded with separate paths for boys and girls through the Oedipus complex, theories of which Cixous was particularly critical.

Jacques Derrida
Contemporaries, lifelong friends, and intellectuals, Jacques Derrida and Cixous both grew up as French Jews in Algeria and share a "belonging constituted of exclusion and nonbelonging"—not Algerian, rejected by France, their Jewishness concealed or acculturated. In Derrida's family "one never said 'circumcision' but 'baptism,' not 'Bar Mitzvah' but 'communion.'" Judaism cloaked in Catholicism is one example of the undecidability of identity that influenced the thinker whom Cixous calls a "Jewish Saint". Her book Portrait of Jacques Derrida as a Young Jewish Saint addresses these matters.

Through deconstruction, Derrida employed the term logocentrism (which was not his coinage). This is the concept that explains how language relies on a hierarchical system that values the spoken word over the written word in Western culture. The idea of binary opposition is essential to Cixous' position on language.

Cixous and Luce Irigaray combined Derrida's logocentric idea and Lacan's symbol for desire, creating the term phallogocentrism. This term focuses on Derrida's social structure of speech and binary opposition as the center of reference for language, with the phallic being privileged and how women are only defined by what they lack; not A vs. B, but, rather A vs. ¬A (not-A).

In a dialogue between Derrida and Cixous, Derrida said about Cixous: "Helene's texts are translated across the world, but they remain untranslatable. We are two French writers who cultivate a strange relationship, or a strangely familiar relationship with the French language – at once more translated and more untranslatable than many a French author. We are more rooted in the French language than those with ancestral roots in this culture and this land."

Major works

The Laugh of the Medusa (1975)
Cixous' critical feminist essay "The Laugh of the Medusa", originally written in French as Le Rire de la Méduse in 1975, was (after she revised it) translated into English by Paula Cohen and Keith Cohen in 1976. In the essay, Cixous issues an ultimatum: that women can either read and choose to stay trapped in their own bodies by a language that does not allow them to express themselves, or they can use the body as a way to communicate. She describes a writing style, Écriture feminine, that she says attempts to move outside of the conversational rules found in patriarchal systems. She argues that Écriture feminine allows women to address their needs by building strong self-narratives and identity. This text is situated in a history of feminist conversations that separated women in terms of their gender and women in terms of authorship. The "Laugh of the Medusa" addresses this rhetoric, writing on individuality and commanding women to use writing and the body as sources of power and inspiration. Cixous uses the term the "Logic of Antilove" to describe her understanding of the systematic oppression of women by patriarchal figures. She defines the Logic of Antilove as the self-hatred women have, "they have made for women an antinarcissism! A narcissism which loves itself only to be loved by what women haven't got," this idea persecutes women by defining them by what misogynistic tradition believes makes the female sex inferior. Cixous commands women to focus on individuality, particularly the individuality of the body and to write to redefine self-identity in the context of her history and narrative. The essay includes the argument that writing is a tool women must use to advocate for themselves in order to acquire the freedom women have historically been denied.

"The Laugh of the Medusa" is an exhortation and call for a "feminine mode" of writing which Cixous calls "white ink" and "écriture féminine". Cixous builds the text using the elements of this mode and fills it with literary allusions. She instructs  women to use writing as a means of authority. Cixous explores how the female body is closely connected to female authorship. She conveys this message by employing a conversational dialogue in which she instructs her audience directly. She urges her audience to write, using many direct conversational statements such as "Writing is for you, you are for you; your body is yours, take it." Cixous' repetition in her message that women must write for themselves and claim their bodies bridges the gap between the physicality of the female body and their authorship. In doing so she challenges the distinctions between theory and practice expanding on the feminist rhetorical tradition. "The Laugh of the Medusa" is successful in its creation of a writing style that allows women to claim authority because it was created on the foundation of the woman's claim to herself and her body, therefore eliminating the oppressive effects of patriarchal control of rhetoric. This text is also a critique of logocentrism and phallogocentrism, because it de-prioritizes the masculine form of reason traditionally associated with rhetoric, having much in common with Jacques Derrida's earlier thought. The essay also calls for an acknowledgment of universal bisexuality or polymorphous perversity, a precursor of queer theory's later emphases, and swiftly rejects many kinds of essentialism which were still common in Anglo-American feminism at the time.

In homage to French theorists of the feminine, Laughing with Medusa was published by Oxford University Press in 2006.

Publications

Published in English

Selected books

  co-authored with Jacques Derrida.

  Foreword by Jacques Derrida.

Plays
 "The Conquest of the School at Madhubai," trans. Carpenter, Deborah. 1986.
 "The Name of Oedipus," trans. Christiane Makward & Miller, Judith. In: Out of Bounds: Women's Theatre in French. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.  1992.

Published in French

Criticism
 L'Exil de James Joyce ou l'Art du remplacement (The Exile of James Joyce, or the Art of Displacement). 1969 (1985).

Books

 .

Theater
 La Pupulle, Cahiers Renaud-Barrault, Gallimard, 1971.
 Portrait de Dora, Des femmes, 1976.
 Le Nom d'Oedipe. Chant du corps interdit, Des femmes, 1978.
 La Prise de l'école de Madhubaï, Avant-scène du Théâtre, 1984.
 L'Histoire terrible mais inachevée de Norodom Sihanouk, roi du Cambodge, Théâtre du Soleil, 1985.
 Théâtre, Des femmes, 1986.
 L'Indiade, ou l'Inde de leurs rêves, Théâtre du Soleil, 1987.
 On ne part pas, on ne revient pas, Des femmes, 1991.
 Les Euménides d'Eschyle (traduction), Théâtre du Soleil, 1992.
 L'Histoire (qu'on ne connaîtra jamais), Des femmes, 1994.
 "Voile Noire Voile Blanche / Black Sail White Sail", bilingual, trad. Catherine A.F. MacGillivray, New Literary History 25, 2 (Spring), Minnesota University Press, 1994.
 La Ville parjure ou le Réveil des Érinyes, Théâtre du Soleil, 1994.
 Jokasta, libretto to the opera of Ruth Schönthal, 1997.
 Tambours sur la digue, Théâtre du Soleil, 1999.
 Rouen, la Trentième Nuit de Mai '31, Galilée, 2001.
 Le Dernier Caravansérail, Théâtre du Soleil, 2003.
 Les Naufragés du Fol Espoir, Théâtre du Soleil, 2010.

Selected essays
 L'Exil de James Joyce ou l'Art du remplacement (doctoral thesis), Grasset, 1969.
 Prénoms de personne, Le Seuil, 1974.
 The Exile of James Joyce or the Art of Replacement (translation by Sally Purcell of L'exil de James Joyce ou l'Art du remplacement). New York: David Lewis, 1980.
 Un K. Incompréhensible : Pierre Goldman, Christian Bourgois, 1975.
 La Jeune Née, with Catherine Clément, 10/18, 1975.
 La Venue à l'écriture, with Madeleine Gagnon and Annie Leclerc, 10/18, 1977.
 Entre l'écriture, Des femmes, 1986.
 L'Heure de Clarice Lispector, Des femmes, 1989.
 Photos de racines, with Mireille Calle-Gruber, Des femmes, 1994.
 Lettre à Zohra Drif, 1998
 Portrait de Jacques Derrida en Jeune Saint Juif, Galilée, 2001.
 Rencontre terrestre, with Frédéric-Yves Jeannet, Galilée, 2005.
 Le Tablier de Simon Hantaï, 2005.
 Insister. À Jacques Derrida, Galilée, 2006.
 Le Voisin de zéro : Sam Beckett, Galilée, 2007
 Défions l'augure (on the quote 'we defy augury' from Hamlet), Galilée, 2018

See also
 Antinarcissism
 List of deconstructionists
 Jean-Louis de Rambures, "Comment travaillent les écrivains", Paris 1978 (interview with H. Cixous)
 Phallic monism

References

Further reading

External links
 "The Laugh of the Medusa", by Hélène Cixous, translated into English by Keith Cohen and Paula Cohen
  approach the notion of affinity through a discussion of "Disruptive Kinship," co-sponsored by Villa Gillet and the School of Writing at The New School for Public Engagement.
 Julie Jaskin: An introduction to Cixous
 Mary Jane Parrine: Stanford Presidential Lectures' Cixous page
 Carola Hilfrich: Hélène Cixous Biography at Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia
 Stanford Presidential Lectures and Symposia in the Humanities and Arts

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Catherine Fisher

Catherine Fisher (born 1957) is a Welsh poet and children's novelist who writes in English. She has also worked as a school and university teacher. She lives in the city of Newport, Wales.

Work experience
Fisher's former jobs include working as a primary school teacher and as an archaeologist. She also taught writing for children at the University of Glamorgan.

Writing
When Fisher began writing poetry, she had several poems published in anthologies before three collections of her work appeared with Seren Publishing. The collection Immrama won the Welsh Arts Council Young Writers' Prize in 1989. She won the Cardiff International Poetry Competition in the same year.

Since the late 1980s she has been writing children's fantasy. Her novels have been translated into 17 languages, and many of her works have won or been shortlisted for literary awards.

Bibliography

Poetry
Immrama (1988)
The Unexplored Ocean (1994)
Altered States (1999)

Prose
The Conjuror's Game (1990)
Fintan's Tower (1991)
Saint Tarvel's Bell (1992)
The Snow-Walker trilogy:
The Snow-Walker's Son (1993)
The Empty Hand (1995)
The Soul Thieves (1996)
The Candle Man (1994.)
The Hare And Other Stories (1994)
Belin's Hill (1997)
The Book of the Crow series:  (US title: Relic Master series)
The Relic Master (1998)  (US title:  The Dark City, 2011)
The Interrex (1999)  (US title:  The Lost Heiress, 2011)
Flain's Coronet (2000)  (US title:  The Hidden Coronet, 2011)
The Margrave (2001)  (US title:  The Margrave, 2011)
The Lammas Field (1999)
Darkwater Hall (2000)
Corbenic (2002)
The Oracle trilogy:
The Oracle (US title: The Oracle Betrayed, 2003)
The Archon (US title: The Sphere of Secrets, 2004)
The Scarab (US title: Day of the Scarab, 2005)
Darkhenge (2005)
The Weather Dress (2005)
Incarceron series
Incarceron (January 2010, 2007 in UK)
Sapphique (December 2010, 8 UK)
Crown of Acorns (May 2010)
Chronoptika series
Obsidian Mirror (2012)
The Box of Red Brocade (US title: Slanted Worlds, 2013)
The Door in the Moon (2015)
The Speed of Darkness (2016)
The Clockwork Crow (2018)

Awards and nominations
1995, The Candle Man won Best English-Language Book at the Tir na n-Og Awards
2003, The Oracle shortlisted for the Whitbread Children's Book Award
2003, The Oracle nominated for the Bram Stoker Award for Best Work for Young Readers
2007, Corbenic won the Mythopoeic Fantasy Award for Children's Literature
2019, The Clockwork Crow nominated for Blue Peter Book Award, won the English-language Tir na n-Og Award

References

Pollinger Limited page on Catherine (accessed 24 August 2006).

External links

Catherine Fisher at Fantastic Fiction
Catherine Fisher profile at BBC Wales

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Category:Date of birth missing (living people)
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Category:Welsh women poets


Alla Shishkina

Alla Shishkina (born 2 August 1989) is a Russian competitor in synchronised swimming. She won a gold medal in the women's team competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Olympics, she announced her plan to retire in 1 October 2017.

References

External links

Category:Living people
Category:Olympic gold medalists for Russia
Category:Russian synchronized swimmers
Category:Olympic synchronized swimmers of Russia
Category:Synchronized swimmers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Synchronized swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic medalists in synchronized swimming
Category:1989 births
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Category:Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
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Motorpsycho presents The International Tussler Society

Motorpsycho presents The International Tussler Society is an album by The International Tussler Society. It was released on CD and double vinyl, both editions came with a bonus DVD featuring a documentary about the recording process of the album, made by local director Frode Dreier. Also featured was the promotional video for "Satan's favourite Son". This song and "Laila Lou" were also given to radio stations as promo singles, but not released publicly.

To promote the album, the band toured Europe in fall 2004.

Track listing
Highway Zen  – 3:58
That ol' white Line  – 3:12
The West ain't what it used to be  – 5:05
September  – 4:49
Satan's favourite Son  – 3:55
Laila Lou  – 3:41
Back in your Bed  – 3:41
When we were One  – 2:06
Shitbox Ford  – 3:06
Morning Rain  – 5:08
The Skies are full of ...Wine?  – 4:57
Cassie (call on me)  – 6:25

All songs written by Sæther, except #2, #4 by Sæther/Lien, #11 by Sæther/Gebhardt, and #10 by Gebhardt/Gregory.
vinyl edition: Side A: 1-4, Side B; 5-9, Side C: 10-12, Side D: etching by Doc Wör Mirran

Personnel
Barry "Space" Hillien (Lars Lien): Lead vocals, keyboards
Kjell "K.K." Karlsen: pedal steel guitar, vocals; lead vocal on #9
Duellin' Flint Gebhardt (Håkon Gebhardt): banjo, guitars, vocals; lead vocal on #10
Chickenshakin' Lolly Hanks Jr. (Morten Fagervik): drums, percussion; bass on #8
Ringo "Fire" Karlsen AKA The Kid (Even Granås): drums, percussion, acoustic guitar, vocals
Snakebite Ryan (Hans Magnus Ryan): electric & acoustic guitars, mandolin, vocals
Charlie Bob Bent (Bent Sæther): bass, acoustic & electric guitars, percussion, vocals; lead vocal on #11, drums on #5

Miscellanea
This album came ten years after the first album by the band, The Tussler - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack.
The use of two drum kits on this record was inspired by bands like The Grateful Dead and The Allman Brothers Band.
"Cassie" is a song dedicated to the deceased backup singer for Lynyrd Skynyrd, Cassie Gaines (said by Bent Sæther during a concert in Berlin, October 13, 2004).
"Satan's favourite Son" was the only track not to be recorded during the winter/spring 2004-session in Stuggudalen, since it was committed to tape two years earlier. This is also the reason why Bent Sæther plays the second drum set on this song, as Even Grånas joined the band in 2003.
The artwork was done by Jonny Snorkel and Ronja Svenning Berge. The sleeve features drawings in wild west-style of the band members.
Lars Lien's dog, Laila Lou, is credited for "Good vibes and vocals", as her barking is audible at the end of the song named after her.

Category:2004 albums
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Verybello.it

verybello.it is an Italian website for the Expo 2015 hosted that year in Milan.

The website was launched in January 2015. Its early version has attracted criticism for omitting Sicily from the map of Italy, and for having only the Italian language version present. Website design and name have also been criticized.

The website, as accessed in late March 2015, had an English version, and an expanded map including Sicily.

References

External links
Website
A screenshot of the early version of the site, omitting Sicily

Category:Italian websites
Category:2015 establishments in Italy
Category:Controversies in Italy
Category:2015 controversies
Category:World's fairs in Milan


Soyapango

Soyapango is a municipality in the San Salvador department of El Salvador. Soyapango is a commercial center.
The municipality is the third most populated area in the country, with 290,412 inhabitants. Soyapango is a satellite city of San Salvador and it is the main thoroughfare between San Salvador and the eastern part of the country, and nearly 70,000 vehicles travel through it every day. The nickname for this satellite city is Soya. The city is infamously and notoriously known for being the most dangerous city of the Central America region, and also for being a breeding ground for the Mara gangs and the place where gang members first arrive after being deported to El Salvador from Los Angeles, reason why these two locations evoke a similar resemblance to each other.

History

Economy
Empresas ADOC, the largest shoe manufacturer in Central America, has its headquarters in Soyapango.

Most economic activity in Soyapango is related to forestry.

Geography
It is limited by the following municipalities: the north by Delgado and Tonacatepeque; to the east by Ilopango, on the south by St. Thomas and San Marcos, and the west by San Salvador and Delgado. It is located between the geographic coordinates 13° 44'42 "LN (northern end) and 13° 39'58" LN (southern end), 89° 06'57 "LWG (eastern end) and 89° 10'16" LWG (far west) .

Soils
Soils predominate in the municipality of type: 1) and Regosols Andosols, which are areas that form rolling and rolling country areas, 2) Regosols, and Andosols Latosols reddish clay, which are land areas that form of hills and mountains of the belt volcanic foothills or lower slopes of the volcanoes or volcanic massifs.
In this area dominated by rock types of pyroclastic material.

Hydrography
Water the town river Las Cañas, Acelhuate, Tapachula, Chantecuán, El Sauce, and Chagiiite Sumpa and Arenal streams, and other unnamed Aposento. The main rivers are the reeds and the Acelhuate.
The river Las Cañas was born in the town of Ilopango, and enters Soyapango to 2.4 miles east of the city, describing a path from south to north. Its course and divided the territory and Tonacatepeque Ilopango. Its rivers tributaries Chantecuán, El Sauce, Zapotitán, bananas and Sumpa, and streams and Arenal The Pavas Seco. It has a length within the municipality of 5.5 kilometers.
Acelhuate River rises in the municipality of San Salvador. Enter Soyapango to 2.3 miles west of the city, describing a course from south to north. Its course divides this territory and those of Delgado and San Salvador. Its tributaries to the river gorge Tapachula and El Arenal. Describes a trip within the municipality of 3.5 kilometers.

Terrain
This town has a topography ranging from rolling hills to rugged mountains, mostly prominently to the South. The landscape of the area has two geological features: Cerro El Mirador and Mount San Jacinto.
Mount San Jacinto is the most prominent one. Located 3.1 miles southwest of the city of Soyapango, its summit serves as a marker for the municipal boundaries of San Marcos, San Salvador and Soyapango. It has an elevation of 1151.93 meters above sea level.

Climate
The amount of annual rainfall varies between 1.700 and 1.850 mm.

Sports
The local professional football club is named C.D. Marte Soyapango and it currently plays in the Salvadoran Second Division.

References

External links
 Municipality of Soyapango

Category:Populated places in El Salvador
Category:Municipalities of the San Salvador Department


Marsh Creek State Park

Marsh Creek State Park is a  Pennsylvania state park in Upper Uwchlan and Wallace Townships, Chester County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is the location of the  man-made Marsh Creek Lake. With an average depth of 40 feet (73 feet at its deepest), the lake is stocked with fish and is a stop for migrating waterfowl. Marsh Creek State Park is  west of Eagle on Pennsylvania Route 100. Park road hours 8:00 am until sunset. All other access open 24 hours.

History
Formation of Marsh Creek Lake was designed to address several water related problems in the region. First, to provide additional drinking water for the Chester County Water Resources Authority, alleviating a previous shortage. Second, to limit potential damage caused by seasonal flooding in the area. Finally, to provide a recreation area for residents throughout the region.

The state of Pennsylvania acquired the land that became Marsh Creek State Park between 1964 and 1978. Residents in the area were relocated including those residing in the farming village of Milford Mills, the site of which was eventually inundated. From 1970-1973 construction cleared the valley of trees, structures and other obstacles. Following completion of the dam, the lake filled over the course of three years. The Larkin Covered Bridge was removed from its previous location to park property in 1972.

Upon completion of the reservoir, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania bought the land surrounding Marsh Creek Lake, constructed recreational facilities, and opened the land to the public. New facilities built from 1971 to 1979 included administrative and picnic areas, a playground, pool, and wells. The park opened for boating, fishing, hiking, hunting, ice sports and sailing in 1974; and the pool and day-use area opened in July 1979.

Recreation

Fishing and boating
Marsh Creek Lake is open to fishing and recreational boating. It is a warm water fishery with largemouth bass, black crappie, walleye, tiger muskellunge, and channel catfish all swimming in its waters. The lake is a designated "big bass" lake - only bass  and greater may be kept. Bass smaller than  must be released back into the lake.

Gasoline-powered boats are prohibited at Marsh Creek Lake. Boaters are restricted to using non-powered or electric-powered boats. All boats must be properly registered with any state. Boat rentals, including canoes, sail boats and paddle boats, are available.

Hunting
About  of Marsh Creek State Park are open to hunting. Hunters are expected to follow the rules and regulations of the Pennsylvania Game Commission. The common game species are squirrels, pheasant, waterfowl, rabbits and white-tailed deer. The hunting of groundhogs is prohibited.

Swimming

There is an "L" shaped swimming pool that is open at Marsh Creek State Park from Memorial Day weekend to Labor Day weekend, from 11:00 am until 6:45 pm everyday except Friday's, where it is open 10:00 am until 5:45 pm. A shallow wading pool is available, as well as a bathhouse, splash park, sunning area, and snack bar. Swimming in the lake is not permitted.

Trails
There are about  of trails for equestrian use, hiking, and mountain biking open around the lake.  Many are available from the Chalfont Road parking area with additional trails from the west boat launch and on the north side of the dam.

Winter activities
Ice fishing, ice boating and ice skating on Marsh Creek Lake are popular winter activities.

Nearby state parks
The following state parks are within  of Marsh Creek State Park:
Alapocas Run State Park (Delaware)
Auburn Valley State Park (Delaware)
Bellevue State Park (Delaware)
Brandywine Creek State Park (Delaware)
Evansburg State Park (Montgomery County)
Fort Washington State Park (Montgomery County)
Fox Point State Park (Delaware)
French Creek State Park (Berks and Chester Counties)
Nolde Forest Environmental Education Center (Berks County)
Norristown Farm Park (Montgomery County)
Ridley Creek State Park (Delaware County)
White Clay Creek Preserve (Chester County)
White Clay Creek State Park (Delaware)

References

External links

Category:State parks of Pennsylvania
Category:Protected areas established in 1974
Category:Parks in Chester County, Pennsylvania
Category:1974 establishments in Pennsylvania
Category:Protected areas of Chester County, Pennsylvania


China–Tanzania relations

China–Tanzania relations refer to the foreign relations between China and Tanzania. China established diplomatic relations with Tanganyika and Zanzibar on December 9, 1961, and December 11, 1963, respectively. When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on April 26, 1964, it was natural for China to extend its diplomatic ties with it.

Economic ties
From the outset of bilateral relations, China has assisted Tanzania with a variety of generous economic aid programs.  The most notable early aid project was the TAZARA Railway built from 1970 to 1975 with Chinese funding, labor and technical assistance.  The 1,860 km railway connects landlocked Zambia with Dar es Salaam.  The Chinese government sent as many as 56,000 workers, and has continued to aid the railway in the decades since.

Elephant poaching and Chinese nationals
The published report of the 14th meeting of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (3–15 June 2007 at the Hague, Netherlands), expressed explicit concern over the
involvement of Chinese nationals in the direct procurement of ivory in elephant range States in Africa. The ETIS data illustrate that Chinese nationals have been arrested, detained or absconded in at least 126 seizure cases – representing some 14.2 tonnes of ivory – which have occurred in, or originated from, 22 African elephant range States, including Botswana, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, the Sudan, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. This is a relatively recent phenomenon as 87 % of these cases occurred in the most recent period since 1998. With an already strong and growing economic presence throughout Africa, Chinese nationals are now well positioned to exploit direct sources of illicit ivory in a manner that was not the case in the past.

In its 2013 report Transnational Organized Crime in Eastern Africa: A Threat Assessment, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime found that
China’s recent wave of investment in Africa has brought thousands of Chinese executives and workers to the continent, including countries where ivory is openly sold, often carved into items for the Asian market. It may be transported in luggage or by post in small quantities, for personal use or re-sale at great profit in Asian markets. The quantities involved are generally small (although tusks cut
into suitcase-sized chunks have been detected), but, due to their frequency, could constitute a major source of supply.

Chinese nationals on the ground in Tanzania have been jailed in connection with large-scale interdictions. In November 2013 three Chinese nationals were arrested in Dar es Salaam with a stockpile of 797 tusks.

Growing purchasing power among Chinese tuhao and baofahu has combined with corruption among Tanzanian rangers and police to devastating effect. Between 2010 and 2013, over three tonnes of ivory has been seized in Tanzania, and two-thirds of the elephants at Selous Game Reserve—Tanzania's largest—have disappeared.

According to the United Nations report, the link between Chinese demand and Tanzanian supply is the single most destructive influence on the African elephant population:
 Recent research indicates that the rate of poaching in Eastern Africa has increased, rising to levels that could threaten the local elephant population.
 The bulk of the large ivory shipments from Africa to Asia appears to pass through the container ports of Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania, where interventions could be addressed.
 It is estimated that between 5,600 and 15,400 elephants are poached in Eastern Africa annually, producing between 56 and 154 metric tons of illicit ivory, of which two-thirds (37 tons) is destined for Asia, worth around US$30 million in 2011.
 Expatriate Chinese residents in Eastern Africa comprise some of the most important middlemen. Although they have taken measures to address the illicit trade, Thailand and China remain two of the most important destinations.
 Recent Interpol operations...have found a growing number of carved objects...with vendors speaking Chinese to their clients.

In the immediate aftermath of the UNODC findings, Tanzania's Deputy Minister for Natural Resources and Tourism was forced to respond to citizen complaints of "... Chinese nationals, engaging in the massacre of our animals and transporting them to their countries for their own benefit." Lazaro Nyalandu said that the government of Tanzania would take action against poachers without regard to their countries of origin, and that any threat against tourism revenues would be taken seriously.

In March 2014 Chinese national Yu Bo appeared before the Kisutu Resident Magistrates’ Court in Dar es Salaam, accused of illegally collecting 81 elephant tusks. Yu petitioned  for leniency, citing his several dependants and lack of criminal history, as he entered a guilty plea. Senior Resident Magistrate Devota Kisoka imposed a fine of 9,781,204,900 Tanzanian shillings, in default of which Yu is detained in Tanzania pending appeal of a 20-year sentence. Chinese officials have taken steps to curb the influx of illegal ivory—of the 900 ivory seizures performed annually in China, 90% involve items uncovered in hand inspections of travellers' luggage—and they are not known to have offered legal-, financial-, or political assistance to Chinese nationals suspected of poaching in Tanzania.

Chinese development finance to Tanzania
From 2000 to 2011, there are approximately 62 Chinese official development finance projects identified in Tanzania through various media reports. These projects range from the Chinese government's efforts to launch the Tanzania Agricultural Development Bank, to a loan of $400 million to help alleviate the Kiwira coal mine's financial problems, and the construction of the Benjamin Mkapa Olympic Stadium, namely the National Stadium.

See also
 Foreign relations of Tanzania

Bibliography

References

Tanzania
Category:Bilateral relations of Tanzania
Tanzania