Michel Pablo

Michel Pablo (; 24 August 1911, Alexandria, Egypt – 17 February 1996, Athens) was the  pseudonym of Michalis N. Raptis (Greek: Μιχάλης Ν. Ράπτης), a Trotskyist leader of Greek origin.

Early activism

He began a lifetime involvement with revolutionary politics in the late 1930s in Greece. Drawn into the "Spartacus" faction, he represented Greek Trotskyists at the founding conference of the Fourth International in Paris in 1938. Born in Alexandria, Egypt, Pablo graduated from the National Technical University of Athens and continued his studies in urban planning at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he was to spend much of the following decades. During the 1936 military dictatorship of Ioannis Metaxas, Pablo was arrested and exiled in the Aegean island of Folegandros. There he was not admitted by the orthodox communists, also in exile, so he joined the company of cattle and horse thieves, who at that time were punished with exile. In Folegandros he met his future wife Elli Dyovounioti. Together they escaped from the island and later from Greece. Pablo was ill in Paris when the Second World War began. The same ill health meant until 1944 he played little part in the activities of the French Trotskyists although he was reported to have given educational classes to David Korner's Union Communiste.

Leadership of the Fourth International

By 1944 he was fully involved with the movement, and was elected the organizational secretary of its European Bureau, which had re-established contact between the Trotskyist parties.  After the war, Pablo became the central leader of the Fourth International with the support of the SWP of the United States and James P. Cannon. Pablo played a key role in re-unifying, re-centralising and re-orienting the International. In 1946 Pablo visited Greece to successfully reunify the four separate Trotskyist parties. Pablo and Ernest Mandel were instrumental in these years in winning the Fourth International to a position that asserted that the Eastern European states conquered by the Soviet Armed Forces in 1944-45 had by 1948 become what they described as deformed workers' states.

In the uncertain aftermath of World War II, when the Trotskyists were numerically dwarfed by the mass communist parties and their hopes for a revolutionary breakthrough were dashed, Pablo also advanced a new tactic for the FI from about 1951 onwards. He argued that a Third World War, which was believed by many people to be imminent, would be characterised by revolutionary outbreaks during the actual war. Splits of revolutionary dissenters were likely to develop in the communist parties. To gain influence, win members and avoid becoming small sectarian cliques just talking to each other, the Trotskyists should — where possible — join, or in Trotskyist terminology enter, the mass communist or social democratic (labour) parties. This was known as entrism sui generis or long-term entry. It was understood by all that the FI would retain its political identity, and its own press.

It was believed at the time that the international "centre" should be able to impose democratic centralist discipline by directly intervening in the politics of local parties. Pablo also used the weight of the international secretariat to back tendencies that were closest to mainstream views inside the International. For example, Pablo and Cannon jointly sponsored an entryist faction within the British movement that opposed the leadership of Jock Haston in the RCP, contributing to the collapse of the RCP as an open organisation.

"Pabloism"

Pablo continued with the European International Secretariat of the Fourth International, operating from Amsterdam and Paris. The entryist tactic he proposed could not be implemented in many countries and succeeded only to some extent in countries where a large social-democratic party could be 'entered'.

None of the various Trotskyist splinter groups gained large numbers of new members in the early Cold War years, whether 'independent party-builders' or 'entryists'. After the invasion of Hungary in 1956, many intellectuals split from the communist parties, and there was further political fragmentation resulting from the Sino-Soviet split, but the Trotskyists gained almost no new adherents from them.

As the 1950s became the 1960s, Pablo was convinced that the best revolutionary prospects were now in what was to become known as the Third World of Africa, Latin America, and Asia. He also wrote a prophetic essay anticipating the women's liberation movement.

He was personally closely involved in supporting the Algerian national liberation struggle against France, which led to imprisonment in the Netherlands in connection with counterfeit money and gun-smuggling activities. A campaign for his release was launched by Jean-Paul Sartre. In 1961, Pablo was finally sentenced to 15 months imprisonment, and liberated at the end of his trial. He took refuge in Morocco.  After the victory of the Algerian revolution, he became a minister in the FLN government.

By 1963, ICFI forces around the Socialist Workers Party were moving back towards unity with the ISFI, sharing common positions towards the Cuban revolution. Pablo was regarded by the SWP as a barrier to that unification. The world congress in 1963 formed the reunified Fourth International. Pablo moved a counter-resolution at the 1963 reunification congress, as well as the main resolution on Algeria, and was elected to the international executive committee. Tensions grew, and Pablo and his African Bureau were outside the International by the end of 1965 for partly disputed reasons: in the view of Pablo's supporters, reunification rapidly led the new majority to oust Pablo; in the International's view, Pablo's tendency broke with the International publicly and placed itself outside the FI. By then, Pablo had key political differences with the FI.

Outside the Fourth International

Pablo's influence through this period then was mainly through his writings. The central theme of Pablo's thought in the later 1960s and 1970s was that of "workers' self-management" (Arbeiter-selbstverwaltung). At the beginning of the 1970s, he was politically active in Chile, under Allende's government. After the fall of the Greek Junta, he returned to Greece and, from 1981, served as Special Advisor to Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou; Greek TV also made a documentary about his life. Pablo continued with his revolutionary politics, and organized the Revolutionary Marxist Tendency and the International Revolutionary Marxist Tendency based in France. These were not however serious competitors to the larger Trotskyist groups. The sections of the IRMT rejoined the reunified Fourth International in 1994 and 1995, although the agreement was not applied in Pablo's individual case.

Unusually for a revolutionary, his funeral was a state event in his native Greece. This is explained by his personal friendship from the 1930s with Andreas Papandreou who had been a Trotskyist in his youth. Pablo's motto was: "The meaning of life is life itself" (Νόημα της ζωής είναι η ίδια η ζωή).

References

Bibliography
Michel Raptis, Revolution and Counter Revolution in Chile:  A Dossier on Workers' Participation in the Revolutionary Process (London: Allison & Busby, 1974).
Michel Raptis, Socialism, Democracy & Self-Management: Political Essays (London: Allison & Busby, 1980).
Michel Raptis, Étude pour une politique agraire en Algerie.
Pierre Frank, The Fourth International: The Long March of the Trotskyists.
Francois Moreau, Combats et debats de la Quatrieme Internationale.
Klaus Leggewie, Koffertrager. Das Algerienprojekt der Deutsche Linken in Adenauer Deutschland.
Lena Hoff, Resistance in Exile. A study of the political correspondence between Nicolas Calas and Michel Raptis 1967-72,
Robert J. Alexander, International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement.

External links
Genesis of Pabloism by the Spartacist League
Marxist Internet Archive on Pablo
The Lubitz TrotskyanaNet provides a bio-bibliographical sketch of Michel Pablo
Obituary by the Greek state news agency Includes Papandreou's comment on Pablo's death
 Resistance in exile – a study of the political correspondence between Nicolas Calas and Michalis Raptis (Pablo) 1967-72

Category:1911 births
Category:1996 deaths
Category:People from Alexandria
Category:National Technical University of Athens alumni
Category:Greek communists
Category:Greek Marxists
Category:Greek Trotskyists
Category:Egyptian people of Greek descent


Großwelzheim Nuclear Power Plant

Großwelzheim Nuclear Power Plant, (), was an experimental nuclear power plant consisting of one 25 MW reactor in Großwelzheim, a district of Karlstein am Main.

The prototype boiling water reactor, designed to produce superheated steam was under construction from 1965 to 1969, and was first connected to the power grid on October 14th, 1969. The reactor could not be run at full capacity due to structural defects in the fuel elements. Because of this, the reactor was switched off about a year and a half later on April 20, 1970.

After the decommissioning in 1983, the plant was used for reactor safety tests until dismantling was completed in 1998.

The site also included the Kahl Nuclear Power Plant, the first nuclear reactor to be built in Germany, as well as the first to be shut down. This makes the site the first in Germany where two reactors have been dismantled.

When the community of Karlstein am Main was created in 1975, an atomic symbol was included in the municipal coat of arms, due to the two reactors present in the newly formed town.

Reactors
Großwelzheim Nuclear Power Plant had one Reactor:

References

Category:Nuclear power stations in Germany
Category:Former nuclear power stations in Germany
Category:Economy of Bavaria
Category:Buildings and structures in Bavaria
Category:Decommissioned nuclear power stations


Copper columns of Ma Yuan

Copper columns of Ma Yuan () were a pair of copper columns erected by General Ma Yuan of Han China after his suppression of the Trung sisters' rebellion in 43 AD. The columns stood at southern frontier of Tượng Lâm (Xianglin) to mark the boundary of Chinese territory against the barbarians. Ma prayed to the heaven: "if the columns break, Jiaozhi will be destroyed." (銅柱折交趾滅) Vietnamese collected many big rocks and put beside them in order to prevent them from broken, later, they became two hills and disappeared from history records.

In 1272, Kublai sent his emissary to Vietnam to search for the columns. Trần Thánh Tông replied they were disappeared for a long time and hard to find. The emissary had to give up.

References

Category:Monumental columns
Category:Military history of the Han dynasty
Category:Military history of Vietnam


Glen David Gold

{{Infobox writer
| name = Glen David Gold
| image = Glen_David_Gold_2011.jpg
| caption = Glen David Gold in 2011
| birth_date =
| birth_place = United States
| occupation = Novelist, memoirist, screenwriter
| notableworks = Carter Beats the DevilSunnyside, I Will Be Complete
}}
Glen David Gold is an American novelist, memoirist and screenwriter. Known for his bestselling novels exploring the roles of entertainment and popular culture in historical America, he has also published a critically acclaimed memoir and worked extensively in a broad range of media, including comics, television and podcasting. Gold is also a collector and authority on comics and graphic novels, particularly the works of Jack Kirby and other architects of the Marvel Universe.

Biography
Gold was born in Corona del Mar, California, the son of a recording industry executive and a British expatriate mother. His parents divorced when he was ten years old. Relocated to San Francisco, he grew up in a milieu of 70s-era Bohemianism “by the side of his increasingly erratic mother, among con men and get-rich schemes.” When he was twelve, she moved to New York without telling him, leaving him to fend for himself with minimal long-distance support. Despite his unorthodox childhood, he was admitted to the Thatcher School in Ojai, California. He later studied at Wesleyan University, then transferred to the University of California at Berkeley, where he completed his undergraduate degree. He worked as a freelance writer before entering the graduate writing program at University of California, Irvine, where he received his MFA in creative writing.

In 2001, Gold married the novelist Alice Sebold; they have since divorced. He currently lives in the  Silver Lake region of Los Angeles.

Books
Carter Beats the Devil

His first novel, Carter Beats the Devil (2001) was a national bestseller, receiving critical praise and translation into 14 languages. The New Yorker described it as "A magical first novel...one of the most entertaining appearing acts of recent years." Janet Maslin of The New York Times called it "an enormously assured first novel...no small feat of legerdemain." A L Kennedy in The Observer stated that "Carter Beats the Devil is a big, mischievous, intelligent read – nice to see a bit of magic in fiction again". The book was a 2001 Washington Post Notable Book of the Year, a Christian Science Monitor Best Book of the Year, and  shortlisted for the 2001 Guardian First Book Award.

The novel is a fictionalised biography of the American stage magician Charles Joseph Carter (1874–1936), following Carter through his career, from his first encounter with magic to his last performance. Along the way he encounters many historical figures, including fellow magicians Harry Houdini and Howard Thurston, United States President Warren G. Harding, BMW founder Max Friz, the Marx Brothers, business magnate Francis Marion "Borax" Smith, the inventor of electronic television Philo Farnsworth, and San Franciscan madams Tessie Wall and Jessie Hayman.
Most of the novel centers on the mysterious death of President Harding, who dies shortly after taking part in Carter's stage show. President Harding apparently knew of many serious scandals that seemed likely to bring down the establishment, and it seems certain that he was assassinated by persons and methods unknown. Much of Carter's past is shown in the form of flashbacks, as U.S. Secret Service Agent Griffin investigates the magician as a suspect.

Sunnyside

Gold's second novel, Sunnyside (2009) was also both critically well received and a national bestseller.The New York Times: The Tramp Returns Once again interweaving real historical figures and events into a tapestry of fiction, the novel begins in 1916, when a mass delusion results in no less than eight hundred sightings of Charlie Chaplin, appearing simultaneously at various locations throughout the world. It then traces the life and career of Chaplin himself, while "we are introduced to a dazzling cast of characters that take us from the battlefields of France to the Russian Revolution and from the budding glamour of Hollywood to madcap Wild West shows." . Called "Ingenious...a thoughtful commentary on the creation of celebrity in modern America" by The New Yorker, Sunnyside was described by the Christian Science Monitor as "a big book crammed with big ideas and ambitions, and, with its multiple plots and mix of history and fiction, it’s easy to see why many reviews have compared it to the work of E.L. Doctorow . . . full of intelligence, ambition, and generosity."

I Will Be Complete
Gold's first memoir, I Will Be Complete, was published in 2018 by Knopf in the United States,, and by Hodder & Stoughton in the United Kingdom. Lev Grossman, author of The Magicians, called it "[a]n extraordinary account of an extraordinary life," and Joseph Fink, co-author of Welcome to Night Vale, said Gold "is one of the best storytellers working today. He could write about anything and make it gripping."

Other media

Gold's essays, journalism and short fiction have appeared in the New York Times Sunday Magazine, Playboy, McSweeney's,  and Wired, among other publications.

His work in television include writing an episode of the Nickelodeon series Hey Arnold!, and an appearance in the documentary Houdini: Unlocking the Mystery. He co-wrote an episode of the popular podcast Welcome to Night Vale in 2013, contributed to another episode in 2014,, and wrote the three-episode arc "eGemony" in 2017.

Gold has also ventured into comic books, writing storylines for Dark Horse Comics' The Escapist, as well as a reprise of Will Eisner's classic creation The Spirit for DC Comics. In 2019, Marvel Comics commissioned him to write a script for Marvel Comics #1000, a special edition anthology of original stories and artwork commemorating Marvel's 80th anniversary. Entitled "The Tender, Flaky Taste of Weltschmerz", the story enlists Howard the Duck in an affectionate send-up of advertisements for  Hostess Fruit Pies, once ubiquitous in Marvel comics ("a delight in every bite").

As commentator on comics and comic art

Gold was a voracious reader of comics "when I was a kid in the 1970s", but had moved on to reading science fiction, as well as the works of Robertson Davies and John Irving, by the age of thirteen.. In 1992, convinced that "Some comic artwork can belong on gallery walls — not just as "low" art but as something important on its own," he began collecting original art from both comics and graphic novels, as well as commissioning original art from artists including Gene Colan and Herb Trimpe.

In 2005, the Hammer Museum and the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art invited him to contribute an essay on Jack Kirby to their exhibit Masters of American Comics, billed as an event "to establish a canon of fifteen of the most influential artists working in the medium throughout the 20th century."; the catalogue was published by Yale University Press. In 2015, the exhibit Comic Book Apocalypse: The Graphic World of Jack Kirby, presented at California State University, Northridge, commissioned Gold to contribute an essay as well. The resulting work, entitled "The Red Sheet", was one of the first critical essays to connect Kirby's harrowing experiences as an combat infantryman in World War II with his distinctive approach to comics, postulating that Kirby's creation of Captain America may have been an attempt to mediate (and personify) the effects of Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. "Here's something we tend not to think of when evaluating Jack Kirby's artistic intent: Kirby killed Nazis, and he did it in hand-to-hand combat." Gold wrote. "He did it with the same hands that drew Captain America and Thor...in fact, he was wrestling with such deep nuances about the intermingled natures of good and evil that they're only comprehensible when viewed through the effects of wartime experience."

BibliographyCarter Beats the Devil (2001) , ; , Sunnyside (2009) , I Will Be Complete'' (2018) ,

References

External links

 Interview with Glen David Gold
 Glen David Gold on Twitter
 Glen David Gold's official website

Category:1964 births
Category:21st-century American novelists
Category:American television writers
Category:American comics writers
Category:American male novelists
Category:Living people
Category:Writers from Long Beach, California
Category:Wesleyan University alumni
Category:University of California, Irvine alumni
Category:American male short story writers
Category:21st-century American short story writers
Category:21st-century American male writers
Category:Screenwriters from California
Category:Male television writers


2020 American Athletic Conference Women's Basketball Tournament

The 2020 American Athletic Conference Women's Basketball Tournament will be a postseason tournament that will be held from March 6–9, 2020, in the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut. The winner of the American Athletic Tournament earns an automatic bid to the 2020 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament.

Seeds
All the teams in the American Athletic Conference will qualify for the tournament. Teams are seeded based on conference record, and then a tiebreaker system will be used. Teams seeded 5–12 play in the opening round, and teams seeded 1–4 received a bye to the quarterfinals.

Bracket

Note: * denotes overtime

References

Category:American Athletic Conference Women's Basketball Tournament
Category:2019–20 American Athletic Conference women's basketball season


Dreaming Lips

Dreaming Lips (German:Der träumende Mund) may refer to:

 Dreaming Lips (1932 film), a French-German film directed by Paul Czinner
 Dreaming Lips (1937 film), a British remake directed by Paul Czinner
 Dreaming Lips (1953 film), a West German remake directed by Josef von Báky


1919–20 Ottawa Senators season

The 1919–20 Ottawa Senators season was the club's 35th season of play and third season in the NHL. It was a very successful season, as they set an NHL record for wins (19), points (38), and won both halves of the season, therefore the Sens automatically were awarded the NHL championship and the right to play in the Stanley Cup Finals. The Senators defeated Seattle to win their eighth Stanley Cup title.

Regular season

The Quebec Bulldogs team was relaunched and added to the league and the schedule changed from 18 games to 24.  Also, the Toronto Arenas would get new ownership and be renamed the Toronto St. Pats.

Frank Nighbor led the Sens offensively with 26 goals, good for 3rd in the NHL, and his 33 points ranked him 4th.  Clint Benedict would set an NHL record with 5 shutouts, and he led the league in both wins (19) and GAA (2.66).

December
The Senators opened the 1919-20 season on home ice against the Toronto St. Patricks on December 23rd. Ottawa, led by goaltender Clint Benedict, shutout the St. Patricks by a 3-0 score. Four nights later, the Senators played their first road game of the series, and were once again by Benedict, as well as a two point game by Sprague Cleghorn, as Ottawa shutout the Montreal Canadiens 2-0.

Ottawa finished December with a 2-0-0 record, earning four points. The Senators were in first place in the NHL, as second place Toronto also had four points, however, they had played more games by the end of December.

January
The Senators opened the 1920s with a road game against the Quebec Bulldogs, their first meeting against the club on New Year's Day. The Senators defeated Quebec 3-2 to remain perfect on the season with a 3-0-0 record.

Ottawa's winning streak was snapped with a 4-3 loss to the Toronto St. Patricks in their next game. The Senators responded by winning their next three games, highlighted by a 7-1 thrashing of the Bulldogs on January 20th, bringing their overall record to 6-1-0.

On January 17th, Ottawa lost a close 3-2 game to the Montreal Canadiens, ending their winning streak, as Montreal closed within two points of Ottawa for first place in the NHL. The Senators returned to the win column in their following game, blowing out Quebec by a 12-1 score, as both Sprague Cleghorn and Frank Nighbor scored three goals in the win.

Ottawa then faced the St. Patricks in a home-and-home series, with the first game played in Toronto on January 24. The St. Patricks defeated the Senators 5-2, as Ottawa fell into a tie for first place with the Canadiens with a 7-3-0 record. The Senators rebounded in the game played in Ottawa four nights later, shutting out Toronto 7-0.

The Senators played their final game of the first half of the season on January 31 against the Montreal Canadiens, as the winning team would clinch first place. The Senators, led by three goals by Punch Broadbent, humiliated the Canadiens by a score of 11-3 to clinch first place in the first half of the season.

February
Ottawa opened the second half of the season with 5-0 shutout victory over the Quebec Bulldogs on February 4, as Sprague Cleghorn scored twice and Clint Benedict earned the shutout. Three nights later, the Senators dropped a close game to the Toronto St. Patricks, losing 4-3 to drop their second half record to 1-1-0.

The Senators faced the Montreal Canadiens for a home-and-home series starting on February 11 in Ottawa. The Senators Jack Darragh scored the game winning goal late in the third period, as Ottawa won 4-3. Three nights later, the Senators Cy Denneny scored the overtime winner in Montreal, as Ottawa defeated the Canadiens 3-2.

The Senators would close out February by winning their remaining four games, including a blowout 9-3 win over Quebec on February 18, and a 1-0 shutout victory against Toronto on February 28.

The Senators finished February with a 7-1-0 record, earning 14 points, and sitting in first place in the second half standings.

March
The Senators winning streak extended to seven games, as Ottawa defeated the Toronto St. Patricks 7-4 on home ice on March 3. Three nights later, the Senators defeated the Montreal Canadiens 4-3 in overtime, as Frank Nighbor scored the winning goal.

The regular season ended with a home-and-home series against the Quebec Bulldogs. In the first game played in Ottawa on March 8, the Bulldogs held a 5-4 lead over the Senators in the third period. Ottawa would storm back and score seven unanswered goals, defeating the Bulldogs 11-6. As the Senators had clinched first place for the second half of the season, the club rested some players in the season finale. Quebec took advantage and defeated Ottawa 10-4.

Overall, Ottawa had a record of 3-1-0 in March. The Senators won the second half of the NHL season as they posted a league best 10-2-0 record, earning 20 points.

Final standings

Record vs. opponents

Playoffs
Ottawa won both halves of the schedule, and no NHL playoffs were played.

Stanley Cup Finals

The Senators would face the Seattle Metropolitans for the Stanley Cup, with all games scheduled to be played in Ottawa.  However an unseasonably warm spring in the Ottawa area led to some problems with the ice at Dey's Arena, and the final two games were moved to Toronto's Arena Gardens, which had artificial ice equipment.

The series opened on March 22 in Ottawa. The Metropolitans Frank Foyston scored the lone goal of the first period, giving Seattle a 1-0 lead over the Senators. Foyston scored his second goal of the game 5:46 into the second period, as Seattle went up 2-0. Frank Nighbor finally got Ottawa on the scoreboard with a goal 14:15 into the second period, cutting the Metropolitans lead to 2-1. In the third period, Nighbor scored his second goal of the game 10:00 into the period, tying the game 2-2. The Senators Jack Darragh scored with 4:00 remaining in the game, as Ottawa held on to a 3-2 win and a 1-0 series lead.

The second game was played in Ottawa on March 24. The Senators Jack Darragh scored the only goal of the first period, as Ottawa took a 1-0 into the first intermission. Neither team scored in the second period, as this was a very tightly defensive game. In the third period, Eddie Gerard scored 6:00 into the period, giving Ottawa a 2-0 lead. Frank Nighbor scored a late goal, as the Senators shutout the Metropolitans 3-0 and took a commanding 2-0 series lead.

The third game was played on March 27 in Ottawa, as the Senators could close out the series and win the Stanley Cup with a victory. The Senators Georges Boucher got Ottawa on the board first with a goal 5:00 into the game. The Metropolitans Frank Foyston replied with his third goal of the series three minutes later, tying the game 1-1 after the first period. In the second period, Foyston scored once again, as Seattle took a 2-1 lead into the third period. The Metropolitans Roy Rickey scored the only goal of the third period, as the Senators couldn't beat Hap Holmes. Seattle won the game 3-1 and cut the Senators series lead to 2-1.

The fourth game was moved to Arena Gardens in Toronto due to ice problems in Ottawa on March 30. The Metropolitans used this to their advantage, as they took a 2-0 lead after the first period. Frank Nighbor brought the Senators to within a goal as he scored 2:00 into the second period, however, the Metropolitans responded with a goal six minutes later, taking a 3-1 lead in the game. Ottawa would once again bring the game to within a goal by the end of the period, as Nighbor scored his second of the game, making it 3-2 Seattle after two periods. In the third period, the Metropolitans scored two goals, including the sixth of the series by Frank Foyston, as they won the game 5-2 and tied the series up at 2-2.

The fifth and deciding game was played in Toronto on April 1. The Metropolitans Bobby Rowe gave Seattle an early 1-0 lead with a goal 10:00 into the first period, however, the Senators Georges Boucher tied the game four minutes later, making it 1-1 after the first period. The teams skated to a scoreless second period, as the game remained tied heading into the third period. Ottawa's Jack Darragh broke the tie with a goal 5:00 into the period, giving Ottawa a 2-1 lead. At the 10:00 mark of the period, the Senators took a 3-1 lead after a goal by Eddie Gerard. Darragh then scored two goals within a minute, giving the Senators a 5-1 lead. Frank Nighbor closed out the scoring with a goal 30 seconds after Darragh's second goal, as Ottawa crushed the Metropolitans 6-1 to clinch the Stanley Cup for the first time since the club joined the NHL.

Ottawa Senators 3, Seattle Metropolitans 2

 Game 4 and Game 5 played at Arena Gardens in Toronto, Ontario.

Schedule and results

Player statistics

Scoring leaders

Goaltending

Awards and records

 NHL champion (O'Brien Cup not awarded)

Transactions

Ottawa Senators 1920 Stanley Cup champions

See also
 1919–20 NHL season
 List of Stanley Cup champions

References
SHRP Sports
The Internet Hockey Database
National Hockey League Guide & Record Book 2007

Category:Stanley Cup championship seasons
Category:Ottawa Senators (original) seasons
Ottawa Senators season, 1919-20
Ottawa


Shaukat Ali Khan

Shaukat Ali Khan (9 February 1926 – 1 July 2006) was an Awami League politician in Pakistan, and later in Bangladesh. He was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) from Mirzapur in 1970 and as the Jatiya Sangsad member from the Tangail-7 constituency from 1973 to 1975. He was awarded Independence Day Award by the Government of Bangladesh in 2019 posthumously.

Khan passed his matriculation from Rangoon University. He passed his I.Sc. from St. Xavier's College, Kolkata and bachelor's degree from Scottish Church College, Kolkata. He later earned his bar-at-law from Lincoln's Inn in London.

References

Category:1926 births
Category:2006 deaths
Category:People from Tangail District
Category:Bangladeshi barristers
Category:Bangladesh Awami League politicians
Category:Scottish Church College, Calcutta alumni
Category:University of Calcutta alumni
Category:University of Yangon alumni
Category:Recipients of the Independence Day Award


Kyushu bitterling

The Kyushu bitterling (Rhodeus atremius)  is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the Acheilognathinae of the family Cyprinidae. It originates on Kyushu Island in Japan. It was originally described as Acanthorhodeus atremius by Jordan & Thompson in 1914. The fish reaches a size of up to , and is native to freshwater habitats with a pH of 6.8 to 7.8, a hardness of 20 DH, and a temperature of .

When spawning, the females deposit their eggs inside bivalves, where they hatch and the young remain until they can swim.

There are two currently recognised subspecies, Rhodeus atremius atremius and R. a. suigensis.

References

Kyushu bitterling
Category:Kyushu region
Kyushu bitterling


The Flight into Egypt in a Boat

The Flight into Egypt in a Boat is a 1764-1770 oil on canvas painting by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, a variation on the Flight into Egypt theme featuring a boat rather than the more usual donkey. The two swans beside the boat are symbols of marital fidelity. It is now at the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga in Lisbon.

References

category:1760s paintings
Category:Paintings by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
Category:Flight into Egypt in art
Category:Paintings of the National Museum of Ancient Art (Lisbon)


Čentur

Čentur () is a settlement 5 km southeast of Koper in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is divided into two separate hamlets: Veliki Čentur and Mali Čentur (literally, 'big Čentur' and 'little Čentur').

References

External links
Čentur on Geopedia

Category:Populated places in the City Municipality of Koper


Zorubicin

Zorubicin (INN) is an anthracycline.

Category:Anthracyclines
Category:Topoisomerase inhibitors
Category:Hydrazides
Category:Phenols
Category:Phenol ethers


Teichiussa

Teichiussa or Teichioussa () was a town of ancient Caria or of Ionia in the territory of Miletus, and according to Thucydides and Stephanus of Byzantium, a possession of the latter city. It was a polis (city-state) and a member of the Delian League. During the Peloponnesian War, the Spartans struck at Iasos from here.

Its site is located near Kazıklı, Asiatic Turkey.

References

Category:Populated places in ancient Caria
Category:Populated places in ancient Ionia
Category:Former populated places in Turkey
Category:Greek city-states
Category:Members of the Delian League


Saša Mišić

Saša Mišić (; born 24 August 1987) is a Serbian football goalkeeper who plays for Borac Čačak.

Career
Born in Valjevo, Mišić passed FK Partizan youth school. Next he joined Zemun, where he played between 2005 and 2007 but was loaned to lower ranked league clubs Kolubara and Posavac in the meantime. Later he was with Radnički Pirot, Radnički Kragujevac, and Čukarički. He also spent season and a half under contract with Metalac Gornji Milanovac and was loaned to OFK Mladenovac during the time. After solid 2013 year spent with Jedinstvo Putevi, Mišić joined Javor Ivanjica at the beginning of 2014, but he left the club after 6 months and spent the rest of a year with Mladost Velika Obarska. He was also with Sloboda Užice and Bežanija before he joined Borac Čačak in 2016.

References

External links

 Saša Mišić stats at utakmica.rs

Category:1987 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Valjevo
Category:Association football goalkeepers
Category:Serbian footballers
Category:FK Zemun players
Category:FK Kolubara players
Category:FK Radnički Pirot players
Category:FK Radnički 1923 players
Category:FK Čukarički players
Category:FK Berane players
Category:FK Metalac Gornji Milanovac players
Category:OFK Mladenovac players
Category:FK Jedinstvo Užice players
Category:FK Javor Ivanjica players
Category:FK Sloboda Užice players
Category:FK Bežanija players
Category:FK Borac Čačak players
Category:FK Mladost Velika Obarska players
Category:Serbian First League players
Category:Serbian SuperLiga players


Róbert Švehla

Róbert Švehla (; ; born January 2, 1969) is a Slovak retired professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the NHL for 9 seasons from 1995 until 2003 for the Florida Panthers and Toronto Maple Leafs.

Career
Švehla was drafted 78th overall by the Calgary Flames in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft, but he did not play a game for them before moving on to the Florida Panthers.  Švehla played 8 seasons with the Panthers before moving to the Toronto Maple Leafs for his final season. Švehla played 655 career NHL games, scoring 68 goals and 267 assists for 335 points. His best offensive season was the 1995–96 season when he registered career highs in assists (49) and points (57).

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Coaching career
On January 14, 2009, Švehla joined HC Dukla Trenčín and signed a contract as assistant coach.

References

External links

Category:1969 births
Category:Living people
Category:Calgary Flames draft picks
Category:Czechoslovak ice hockey defencemen
Category:Florida Panthers players
Category:HK Dukla Trenčín players
Category:Ice hockey players at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Category:Ice hockey players at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Category:Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Category:Malmö Redhawks players
Category:Medalists at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Category:National Hockey League All-Stars
Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Czechoslovakia
Category:Olympic ice hockey players of Czechoslovakia
Category:Olympic ice hockey players of Slovakia
Category:Olympic medalists in ice hockey
Category:People from Martin, Slovakia
Category:Slovak ice hockey coaches
Category:Slovak ice hockey defencemen
Category:Toronto Maple Leafs players


The Ref

The Ref (Hostile Hostages in some countries) is a 1994 American black comedy film directed by Ted Demme, starring Denis Leary, Judy Davis and Kevin Spacey.

Plot
In a charming Connecticut village, Lloyd and Caroline Chasseur (Kevin Spacey and Judy Davis) are in marriage counseling on Christmas Eve; the session does not go well and their problems become evident. Caroline has had an affair, and Lloyd is miserable and blames the problems with their 14-year-old son, Jesse (Robert J. Steinmiller Jr.), on his wife. (She coddles and protects him and thinks he does no wrong, while he continues to treat him like the criminal he turns out to really be.) The marriage counselor Dr. Wong (B.D. Wong), tries to get them to open up, but, behaving professionally, he refuses to intercede on either side.

Meanwhile, a criminal named Gus (Denis Leary) is in the midst of stealing jewelry from a safe in a home he has broken into; however, he accidentally sets off the alarm, a trap door opens and he lands in the basement. Only after he is bitten on the leg by a guard dog is Gus able to escape the house, but his getaway car, driven by his bumbling, alcoholic partner Murray (Richard Bright), is no longer there. Then he runs into Lloyd and Caroline. Holding a gun on them, Gus orders the couple to drive him to their house. Along the way Caroline and Lloyd continue to argue, with Gus beginning to act as a referee and repeatedly telling them to shut up.

At the house, Lloyd and Caroline continue to argue. Knowing full well that Murray will seek refuge at a seedy bar, Gus calls the bar and describes Murray to the bartender. He tells Murray to steal a boat for their getaway. Jesse comes home and discovers his parents tied up. Jesse is unhappy, forced to attend military school, and has been blackmailing a commanding officer there named Siskel (J.K. Simmons) with photographs of an affair, and is also in possession of a baby Jesus from their town's nativity scene for unknown reasons (which is discovered by Gus when snooping around the house after Caroline denies Jesse had anything to do with it to him). He prefers Gus to his parents, but Gus, despite claiming earlier to Lloyd that his life as a criminal is more meaningful than his is, explains to Jesse that his life isn't all as great as he thinks it might be.

Meanwhile, police set up roadblocks and set a curfew to help look for Gus, while two inept officers go door to door. Lt. Huff, the chief at the local precinct is less than concerned over it because nothing like this ever happens there. However, Huff does obtain video footage of Gus in action, but while taking a call, his bumbling officers accidentally record over the footage trying to change the channel back to the movie they were watching; It's a Wonderful Life. Due to this and his lax attitude over the whole thing, he is later informed by Bob, a councilman, that his officers are to report to him and that he is fired the day after Christmas. However, his joy is crushed when Lt. Huff informs him that he slept with his wife once while out of town, and was a better lover than he was.

Another side story is a neighbor dressed as Santa named George. He comes by to deliver a fruitcake to the Chasseurs, then goes off to a Christmas party to hand out gifts, but eventually gets belligerent with the kids and winds up so drunk he is kicked out of the party.

Lloyd's family is en route for the holidays. It includes his brother Gary (Adam LeFevre), sister-in-law Connie (Christine Baranski), their two children Mary and John (Ellie Raab and Phillip Nicoll), and Lloyd’s mother Rose (Glynis Johns), who is extremely wealthy and bullies everyone in the family. Gus pretends to be Lloyd's and Caroline's marriage counselor, Dr. Wong, since he cannot hold everyone hostage. Jesse is tied up and gagged upstairs in his parents' closet. Caroline and Lloyd are unable to stop fighting, and Caroline demands a divorce. Gus' pointed comments goad Lloyd to finally find the guts to stand up to his wife and his mother. Everyone finds out who Gus really is after Rose attempts to go upstairs; Gus puts a gun to her head and Connie, fed up with everybody, says, "Shoot her."

Siskel turns up to reveal how he is being blackmailed. Jesse has managed to untie himself and is discovered with his hidden money. Then George, still dressed as Santa, returns, very drunk, wondering why he never gets a gift in return. He spots the gun, realizes who Gus is, then runs at him, only to get knocked out. The state police arrive and Lloyd, having a change of heart decides he cannot "spend his life sending everyone he cares about to prison" and tells Jesse to take Gus to the docks using a path through the woods. Gus steals the Santa suit and makes it safely to the boat. He escapes, arguing with Murray much the same way he argued all night with Caroline and Lloyd.

Back at home, the couple's bickering even drives away the police. Having aired out their differences throughout the evening with their armed robber's assistance, they make up and decide to stay together and kiss. Their reconciliation is interrupted when John informs them that "grandma Rose is eating through her gag."

Cast
 Denis Leary Gus
 Judy Davis Caroline
 Kevin Spacey Lloyd
 Robert J. Steinmiller Jr. Jesse
 Glynis Johns Rose
 Raymond J. Barry Lt. Huff
 Richard Bright Murray
 Christine Baranski Connie
 Adam LeFevre Gary
 Phillip Nicoll John
 Ellie Raab Mary
 Bill Raymond George
 John Scurti Lt. Steve Milford
 Jim Turner Phil
 Ron Gabriel Limo Driver
 Edward Saxon Mike Michaels
 Kenneth Utt Jeremiah Willard
 Robert Ridgely Bob Burley
 J. K. Simmons Siskel
 BD Wong Marriage Counselor Dr. Wong (uncredited)

Production
Richard LaGravenese co-wrote the film with his sister-in-law Marie Weiss. It was inspired by their families. For example, the dinner scene: "Both Marie and I are Italian Catholics who married into Jewish families, so we do have those big holiday dinners," LaGravenese said. Weiss began writing the script in 1989 after she and her husband moved from New York to California. Inspiration came from an argument she had with him and she thought, "Wouldn't it be great if there were a third party to step in and referee?" She wrote several drafts and consulted with LaGravenese in 1991 and they took it to Disney. The studio approved the project within 20 minutes. LaGravenese spent a year revising the script until he finally got "tired of doing rewrites for executives."

After Ted Demme directed comedian Denis Leary in No Cure for Cancer, a stand-up comedy special for Showtime, they got the script for The Ref and decided to do it. The studio cast Leary based on the sarcastic funny man persona he cultivated in MTV spots that Demme directed. Their involvement motivated LaGravenese to come back to the project. Executive producer Don Simpson described the overall tone of The Ref as "biting and sarcastic. Just my nature."

After test audiences responded poorly to the film's original ending—Gus turns himself in to show Jesse that a life of crime leads nowhere quickly—a new ending was shot in January 1994.

Reception
The Ref did not perform as well at the box office as Leary would have liked and he blamed the studio's method of marketing it: "They did me like the MTV guy. And they shortchanged what the movie was all about." The film grossed a total of only $11,439,193 at the domestic box office, after coming in at #4 opening weekend behind Guarding Tess, Lightning Jack and Ace Ventura: Pet Detective. Leary made fun of himself in a humorous article written for a 1994 issue of Playboy where he is interviewing Pope John Paul II: Leary asks the Pope if he has seen The Ref, and the Pope responds that he was told it was very vulgar, as evident by its unpopularity.

The film received a 71% "fresh" rating on review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes based on 52 reviews with a rating average of 6.4/10, with the consensus: "Undeniably uneven and too dark for some, The Ref nonetheless boasts strong turns from Denis Leary, Judy Davis, and Kevin Spacey, as well as a sharply funny script."

Roger Ebert gave it three out of four stars. He wrote, "Material like this is only as good as the acting and writing. The Ref is skillful in both areas." Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers praised the performances of Kevin Spacey and Judy Davis: "They are combustibly funny, finding nuance even in nonsense. The script is crass; the actors never." In her review for The New York Times, Caryn James praised Leary's performance: "For the first time he displays his appeal and potential as an actor instead of a comic with a sneering persona." However, Entertainment Weekly gave the film a "C-" rating and Owen Gleiberman wrote, "The Ref is crushingly blunt-witted and monotonous in its celebration of domestic sadism." In his review for The Washington Post, Hal Hinson criticized Leary's performance: "A stand-up comic trying to translate his impatient, hipster editorializing to the big screen, he doesn't have the modulation of a trained actor, only one speed (fast) and one mode of attack (loud)."

The film was among 500 nominated for AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs list.

See also

List of films featuring home invasions

References

External links

 The Ref - Film Transcript

Category:1994 films
Category:1990s black comedy films
Category:1990s crime comedy films
Category:American Christmas films
Category:American films
Category:American black comedy films
Category:American crime comedy films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films directed by Ted Demme
Category:Films about kidnapping
Category:Films about dysfunctional families
Category:Films set in Connecticut
Category:Films shot in Ontario
Category:Touchstone Pictures films
Category:1990s Christmas films


Manga, Minas Gerais

Manga is a municipality in the north of the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. It is located on the left bank of the São Francisco River.  It is connected to Januária by paved BR-135.  The distance is 112 km.  Neighboring municipalities are: Matias Cardoso, Montalvânia, Miravânia, Juvenília, and São João das Missões.  The distance to the state capital is 720 km. As of 2007 the population was 20,903 in an area of 1,968 km².

The economy is based on agriculture with emphasis on cattle raising.  There were 54,000 head in 2006.  The main agricultural crops were bananas, lemons, mangoes, rice, corn, manioc, sorghum, sugarcane, and mamona--castor oil plant.  The GDP was R$76,786,000 in 2005.
This municipality is extremely isolated from major population centers and suffers from drought and poor soils.  It is one of the poorest in the state and in the country.

Indexes
Municipal Human Development Index: .603 (2000)
State ranking: 829 out of 853 municipalities as of 2000
National ranking: 4,603 out of 5,138 municipalities as of 2000
Illiteracy rate: 28.13% (older than 16)--the rate for the state was 11.96% (2000)
Infant mortality rate: 34.48--the rate for the state was 17.40 (2000)
Urbanization rate: 63%--the rate for the state was 80% (2000)
Urban area connected to sewers: 0.70%--the state was 81.39% (2000)
Urban area with garbage collection: 71.56%--the state was 91.37 (2000)

References

External Links
IBGE
Social indicators
Frigoletto

See also
List of municipalities in Minas Gerais

Category:Municipalities in Minas Gerais


Jumping the Creek

Jumping the Creek is an album by jazz saxophonist Charles Lloyd, recorded in  January 2004 by Lloyd with Geri Allen, Robert Hurst and Eric Harland.

Reception
The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek awarded the album 4 stars and states "this, like Lloyd's other recordings on ECM is about emotion, feeling, and a sense of peace and serenity. Lloyd uses the rough places in his improvisations, to be sure, but it is only to make the rough places plain, limpid, utterly integrated in a serene whole. On Jumping the Creek he succeeds seamlessly and ups his own artistic ante". The All About Jazz review by John Kelman stated "Jumping the Creek represents a clear highlight in a career filled with memorable milestones".

Track listing
All compositions by Charles Lloyd except as indicated

 "Ne Me Quitte Pas (If You Go Away)" (Jacques Brel) - 13:29
 "Ken Katta Ma Om (Bright Sun Upon You)" - 5:45
 "Angel Oak Revisited" - 3:34
 "Canon Perdido" - 3:01
 "Jumping the Creek" - 5:57
 "The Sufi's Tears" - 3:06
 "Georgia Bright Suite: Pythagoras at Jeckyll Island/Sweet Georgia Bright" - 13:34
 "Come Sunday" (Duke Ellington) - 5:52
 "Both Veils Must Go" - 3:00
 "Song of the Inuit" - 11:26

Personnel
Charles Lloyd - tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone, tarogato
Geri Allen - piano
Robert Hurst - double bass
Eric Harland - drums

References

Category:2005 albums
Category:ECM Records albums
Category:Charles Lloyd (jazz musician) albums
Category:albums produced by Manfred Eicher


Château de Pornic

The Château de Pornic is a restored castle in the commune of Pornic in the Loire-Atlantique département of France, 50 km from Nantes. It is also known as the "Château de Barbe Bleue" (Bluebeard) because it belonged to Gilles de Rais.

Description
Situated in the port of Pornic, the castle has long been a symbol of the town. The castle is privately owned and not open to the public.

History

The castle is bordered on one side by the sea and is constructed on a defensive site. In the Middle Ages, it provided for the defence of the port.

In the 10th century, Alan Wrybeard, Duke of Brittany, built and fortified a wooden castle. It was occupied by a garrison who protected the entrance to Pornic.
In the 12th century, it was the property of the Lords of Rais who rebuilt it in stone.
In the 15th century, it belonged to Gilles de Rais but was confiscated by the Duke of Brittany at the time of his trial.
In the 18th century, it belonged to Marquis de Brie Serrant whose properties were confiscated during the French Revolution. The castle fell into ruin.
The castle was bought at the end of the 19th century by Monsieur Lebreton, founder of the seawater baths, and restored by the architect François Bougoüin who gave it its present appearance with its fully arched windows dressed in brick in the style of the Italian architecture of the Château de Clisson.

The towers and remains of the curtain walls, with the exception of the parts restored in the 19th century, and the access ramps have been listed since 1986 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

See also
List of castles in France

External links
  Ministry of Culture listing for Château de Pornic
 Ministry of Culture photos
  Official website of the town of Pornic
  Official tourist website of Pornic

References

Category:Castles in Pays de la Loire
Category:Châteaux in Loire-Atlantique
Category:Monuments historiques of Pays de la Loire


Agyneta saaristoi

Agyneta saaristoi is a species of sheet weaver found in Russia and Kazakhstan. It was described by Tanasevitch in 2000.

References

saaristoi
Category:Spiders described in 2000
Category:Spiders of Russia
Category:Spiders of Asia


Sudesh Bhosale

Sudesh Bhosale is an Indian playback singer who primarily sings for Bollywood films. He was born to  Sumantai Bhosale. Bhosale is known for his ability to mimic actor Amitabh Bachchan, having sung for him in various films..He studied in Ambedkar College wadala.

Career
Sudesh Bhosale got his first major break in playback singing in the film Zalzala (1988). He used mimicry to become a professional dubbing artist for several artists like Sanjeev Kumar and Anil Kapoor. He actually dubbed for Sanjeev Kumar when he died prematurely before completing the film Professor ki Padosan. He has sung songs for the movie Ghatothkach in 2008. Bhosale is the producer and judge on K For Kishore, a singing contest on Sony Entertainment Television. He has sung many famous Bollywood songs for Amitabh Bachchan including "Jumma chumma de de" from 1991 movie Hum. He can mimic numerous Bollywood stars including Ashok Kumar (Dadamuni), Amitabh Bachchan, Vinod Khanna, Sunil Dutt and Sanjeev Kumar.

Accolades
He has been awarded the Mother Teresa Millennium Award for his contribution to music in a ceremony in Kolkata in 2008.

Discography
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align="center"
! Title !! Co- Singer(s) !! Movie Name
|-
| Ek Doosre Se Karte Hain Pyaar Hum
| Mohammad Aziz, Alka Yagnik, Udit Narayan, & Sonali Vajpayee
| Hum (film)
|-
| Jumma Chumma De De
| Kavita Krishnamurthy
| Hum (film)
|-
| Ang Se Ang Lagana
| Alka Yagnik, Vinod Rathod & Devki Pandit
| Darr
|-
| Bhangra Paale
| Mohammad Aziz & Sadhna Sargam
| Karan Arjun
|-
| Love Rap
| Amit Kumar, Sapna Mukherjee & Poornima
| Krantiveer
|-
| Bol Bol Bol
| Ila Arun & Udit Narayan
| Trimurti (1995 film)
|-
| Mujhe Aaj Kuch Na Kehna
| Alka Yagnik
| Akayla
|-
| O Lal Dupatte Wali
| Kumar Sanu, Kavita Krishnamurthy & Alka Yagnik
| Aankhen (1993 film)
|-
| Sona Sona
| Sonu Nigam & Jaspinder Narula
| Major Saab
|-
| Na Na Na Na Re
| Daler Mehndi
| Mrityudata
|-
| Bade Miyan Chote Miyan
| Udit Narayan
| Bade Miyan Chote Miyan
|-
| Hum Hai Banaras Ke Bhaya
| Amit Kumar
| Kohram
|-
| Meri Dukan Pe Ana Meri Jaan
| Solo
| Pyar Ka Devta
|-
| Ganpati Apne Gaon Chale
| Kavita Krishnamurthy & Anupama Deshpande
| Agneepath (1990 film)
|-
| Dil Diya Pyar Kiya
| Asha Bhosle
| Aar Ya Paar
|-
| Pee Le Pee Le Oh More Raja, Pee Le Pee Le Oh More Jani
| Mohammad Aziz
| Tiranga
|-
| Chhat Ke Upar Do Kabutar
| Manhar Udhas
| Dil Hi Toh Hai
|-
| Yaad Aa Raha Hai (Original Disco Dancer Song)
| Solo
| Golmaal 3
|-
| Main Chhora Chhori ke Sang Jhat Pat Jhat Pat  (Nartaki Bhaand Ritesh Deshmukh)
| Solo
| Housefull 4
|-}

References

External links

Category:Living people
Category:Bollywood playback singers
Category:Indian male film singers
Category:Indian male voice actors
Category:Singers from Maharashtra
Category:Marathi people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Amitabh Bachchan imitators


Adhey Kangal (TV series)

Adhe Kangal () is a 2014 Tamil language horror soap opera aired on Jaya TV from 17 February 2014 to 26 September 2014 on Monday and Friday at 10:00PM (IST) for 156 episodes.

The Show stars by Maheswari, Bharathi in lead roles and director by Francis Pappu. This story revolves around the family of that girl, the financial and personal problems they face along with the story of this ghost.

Plot
Adhe Kangal is the story about a ghost "Nagavali" (Bharathi). The story begins with a couple returning from a movie theatre. On the way back, their bike tire bursts. As it is midnight and in the middle of a highway, the couple decide to take a short-cut to reach the town. They pass a particular place where an old man warns them to return as this place is haunted by the ghost "Nagavali". The couple don't listen to the old man, and they continue to go that way.

Meanwhile, two men notice the lovers, and try to rape the girl. She suddenly changes her voice to sound like a ghost and scares them, they ran away! It was not the ghost, but the girl who, to save her boy friend and herself, acts this way to frighten those men. But when those men reach the particular place, Nagavali kills them both. This story continues, revolving around the family of the girl, and the financial and personal problems they face, along with the story of this ghost.

Cast
 Maheswari as Uma
 Bharathi as Nagavalli/Shakthi
 Bharath Kalyan
 Shwetha
 Sarath
 Swapna
 Deepa Jayan

International broadcast
The Series was released on 17 February 2014 on Jaya TV. The Show was also broadcast internationally on Channel's international distribution. It aired in Middle East, Asia, Europe, Australia and New Zealand on Jaya TV.

  It aired In Singapore Satellite Channel on Mio Jaya TV.
  It aired In Australia and New Zealand Channel on Global Tamil Vision.
  It aired In Malaysia Satellite Channel on Astro, airs Monday to Friday at 11:30AM (MST)
  It aired In Canada Tamil language Channel on ATN Jaya TV.

References

External links
official website
Jaya TV on YouTube

Category:Jaya TV television series
Category:Tamil-language television soap operas
Category:Tamil horror fiction television series
Category:Tamil mystery television series
Category:Tamil Nadu drama television series
Category:2014 Tamil-language television series debuts
Category:2010s Tamil-language television series
Category:Tamil-language television programs
Category:2014 Tamil-language television series endings


1939–40 Newport County A.F.C. season

The 1939–40 season would have been Newport County's first season in the Football League Second Division and their 19th season overall in the Football League.  However, due to the outbreak of war in Europe in September 1939, the league season was abandoned after just three games and the results expunged from the records. For this reason, appearances made and goals scored in the Football League matches that were played do not contribute to a player's overall appearances and goals record.

Many of Newport County's players went off to fight in the war, but for those who remained, the Football League organised a special War League. The War League was originally split into ten regional divisions (Newport County were placed in the South-Western Division), in accordance with the Government's 50-mile travel limit. A War League Cup was also set up to replace the FA Cup, which had also been interrupted at the Preliminary Round phase.

Fixtures and results

Second Division

War League (South-West)

War League Cup (South-West)

Welsh Cup

League table

Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against;GA = Goal average; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points

External links
 Welsh Cup 1939/40

Sources
Amber in the Blood: History of Newport County F.C.

1939-40
Category:English football clubs 1939–40 season
Category:1939–40 in Welsh football


Todd Russell Platts

Todd Russell Platts (born  March 5, 1962) is an American attorney and Republican Party politician who serves as a Judge on the York County Court of Common Pleas and is a former U.S. Representative for , serving from 2001 to 2013.

The district, since redrawn and renumbered, encompassed south-central Pennsylvania, including all of York and Adams Counties, and a large portion of Cumberland County. York, Hanover, Gettysburg and Carlisle were some of the prominent cities and towns included. In January 2012, Platts announced his intention to retire from Congress.

Early life and education
Platts was born in York, Pennsylvania, on March 5, 1962.  He graduated from York Suburban Senior High School in 1980. He continued his education locally, graduating Summa Cum Laude with a Bachelor of Science degree in Public Administration from Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania in 1984. He then attended Pepperdine University School of Law, and graduated Cum Laude with a Juris Doctor degree in 1991.

Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Platts was first elected to public office in November 1992, to represent the 196th legislative district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. The election marked the first time that the 196th district was fought on its present boundaries; following the 1990 census, the approved legislative reapportionment plan moved it out of Philadelphia, and into its present boundaries. He took office on January 5, 1993, and left on November 30, 2000.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections
While in Congress, Platts refused to accept contributions from any special interests or political action committees.

2000
Platts was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2000, after winning a little over half the vote in a crowded Republican primary, and easily defeating college professor Jeff Sanders, the Democratic nominee, in the general election. He replaced Congressman Bill Goodling, who chose not to run for re-election that year.

2002–2006
Platts ran unopposed by the Democratic Party during the 2002 and 2004 elections, although in 2002, he faced opposition in the Republican primary, most notably from Tom Glennon. He faced York College professor and decorated Vietnam Veteran Phil Avillo, Jr., the Democratic nominee, and Derf Maitland of the Green Party in the 2006 election. Platts won 64% of the vote to Avillo's 33% and Maitland's 3%.

2008
 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 2008#District 19
In 2008, Platts and Avillo faced off again. With 67% of the vote, Platts became the most electorally successful Republican Congressional candidate in the Northeast.

2010
 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 2010#District 19
Platts was challenged by Democratic nominee Ryan Sanders and Independent Patriots nominee Joshua Monighan.  Platts was re-elected to a sixth term with 72% of the vote.

Tenure
As a Congressman, Platts supported many of President George W. Bush's initiatives, tax cuts, drilling in ANWR, the Medicare Prescription Drug Plan, the Iraq War, and a ban on same-sex marriage.

He opposed any version of Bush's school voucher proposal, supported offshore oil drilling, supported increasing government regulated fuel efficiency standards for automobiles, voted for the Matthew Shepard Act, a hate crimes prevention bill, and supported the McCain-Feingold campaign finance legislation. In 2006, the National Journal political index describes him as having a moderate voting record despite the relatively conservative nature of his district, although the district does include some exurbs of Baltimore, Maryland. That journal gave him "conservative" ratings of 53% (economy), 65% (social issues) and 73% (foreign policy) in the 2004 congress. Platts' district went 64–36 for Bush in 2004. He has broken with his party on several issues, for example supporting President Obama's expansion of SCHIP and the Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act.

He is a member of the Republican Main Street Partnership and supports stem-cell research. Early in his political career, after his initial election to the Pennsylvania House, Platts was pro-choice. However, he later changed his views and became pro-life. He remains so to this day, and he has a pro-life voting record as a Congressman.

Platts has consistently voted against bail-outs of the financial industry and the automakers. He also voted against the economic stimulus legislation, the fiscal year 2009 Omnibus Appropriations Act, and fiscal year 2010 Budget Resolution.

Platts was one of fifteen Republican House members to vote in favor of repealing the United States military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" ban on openly gay service members.

Along with nearly all other Republican members of the US House of Representatives, Mr. Platts voted to support The Path to Prosperity, the budget put forward by U.S. Representative Paul Ryan (R-WI). However, the next year he joined nine other Republicans in voting against Rep. Ryan's budget.

Committee assignments

Caucus Memberships
 Congressional Arts Caucus

Post-congressional career
In 2013, Platts announced that he was running for a seat on the York County Court of Common Pleas. In a poll conducted by the York County Bar Association, 77% of its members responded that they believed Platts to be "not qualified" to serve on the bench. Platts and incumbent judge Mike Flannelly, also a Republican, who was appointed to the seat in 2012 following the death of Judge Chuck Patterson, both cross-filed to run in both the Democratic and Republican primary elections. Platts won the Republican primary 56%–44%, while Flannelly won the Democratic primary by the same margin. Platts and Flannelly faced each other again in the general election in November, which Platts won with 58% of the vote, to serve a ten-year term.

References

External links

 Congressman Todd Russell Platts official U.S. House site
 Todd Platts for U.S. Congress official campaign site

 Profile at SourceWatch

|-

Category:University of Pennsylvania Law School alumni
Category:1962 births
Category:Living people
Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
Category:Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Category:Judges of the Pennsylvania Courts of Common Pleas
Category:Politicians from York, Pennsylvania
Category:Pennsylvania Republicans
Category:American Episcopalians
Category:Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania alumni
Category:Pepperdine University School of Law alumni
Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Category:21st-century American politicians


Hilde Zadek

Hildegard Zadek (15 December 1917 – 21 February 2019) was a German operatic soprano. She was Kammersängerin at the Vienna State Opera and performed internationally.

Early life
Zadek, the oldest of three daughters of Elizabeth (Freundlich) and Alex Zadek, was born in Bromberg, Province of Posen, on 15 December 1917. After her hometown became Polish after World War I, her parents moved to Stettin in 1920, where Zadek spent her youth.

However, as a Jew she was forced to leave Germany in 1934 and settled in then Palestine, where she worked as a nurse and shoe saleswoman in Jerusalem, while studying voice with Rose Pauly. In 1945, she returned to Europe and studied at the Zurich Conservatory with Ria Ginster.

Life and career
She made her operatic debut on 3 February 1947 at the Vienna State Opera in the title role of Verdi's Aida to great acclaim; she remained with this theatre until 1971. The following year she first appeared at the Salzburg Festival, where she appeared as Donna Anna in Mozart's Don Giovanni, as Vittelia in his La clemenza di Tito, and in the title role of Ariadne auf Naxos by Richard Strauss. Her repertory also included Elsa in Wagner's Lohengrin, Eva in his Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, and the title roles of Gluck's Iphigénie en Tauride and Puccini's Tosca.

Zadek took part in the world premiere of Carl Orff's Antigonae in 1949, and sang Magda Sorel in the local premiere in Vienna of Menotti's The Consul in 1950. She also appeared at the Munich State Opera and the Berlin State Opera. She made guest appearances at the Royal Opera House in London (from 1950 to 1953; the title roles of Aida and Tosca, Lisa in The Queen of Spades, Leonora in Il Trovatore, Contessa Almaviva in Le Nozze di Figaro), the Glyndebourne Festival and the Holland Festival, at the Paris Opéra, La Monnaie in Brussels, La Scala in Milan, and the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, etc.

Zadek made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera in New York as Donna Anna in Don Giovanni on 26 November 1952. Beside Donna Anna (4 performances), at the Met she sang Eva in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg (2 performances), Elsa in Lohengrin (1 performance), and the title role of Aida (1 performance on 14 January 1953, her last at the Met). She also appeared at the San Francisco Opera and the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires. Beginning in 1967, she taught at the Vienna Music Academy, and gave masterclasses. Her last performance at the Vienna State Opera was as Gerhilde in Die Walküre on 3 January 1971, and the same year she retired from the stage.

She left a notable recording of Donna Anna in a complete Don Giovanni, with conductor Rudolf Moralt, opposite George London, Léopold Simoneau and Sena Jurinac. She turned 100 on 15 December 2017.

Zadek died in Karlsruhe on 21 February 2019 at the age of 101.

For the promotion of young musicians, the Hildegard Zadek Foundation has held the biennial International Hilde Zadek Voice Competition since 2003. Through her father, Zadek was a cousin of noted art collector Heinz Berggruen.

Awards
 1951 Kammersängerin
 1965 Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art
 1977 Honorary member of the Vienna State Opera
 1978  in gold
 2007 Honorary doctorate from the University of Music Karlsruhe (on her 90th birthday)
 2012 Grand Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria

Writings

References

External links

Category:1917 births
Category:2019 deaths
Category:German centenarians
Category:German expatriates in Austria
Category:German Jews
Category:German operatic sopranos
Category:Israeli people of German-Jewish descent
Category:Österreichischer Kammersänger
Category:Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art
Category:Recipients of the Grand Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria
Category:People from Bydgoszcz
Category:20th-century German opera singers
Category:20th-century women singers
Category:Women centenarians


Cafrune

Cafrune  may refer to:
 Jorge Cafrune, Argentine singer
Cafrune (album), a 1962 album by Jorge Cafrune
 Yamila Cafrune, Argentine folk music singer, daughter of Jorge Cafrune


Sabah bow-fingered gecko

The Sabah bow-fingered gecko (Cyrtodactylus ingeri ), also known commonly as Inger's bow-fingered gecko,  is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae.  The species is endemic to Sabah in Malaysia.

Etymology
The specific name, ingeri, is in honor of American herpetologist Robert F. Inger.

Reproduction
C. ingeri is oviparous.

References

Further reading
Hikida, Tsutomu (1990). "Bornean gekkonid lizards of the genus Cyrtodactylus (Lacertilia: Gekkonidae) with descriptions of three new species". Japanese Journal of Herpetology 13 (3): 91-107. (Cyrtodactylus ingeri, new species).

Category:Cyrtodactylus
Category:Reptiles described in 1990
Category:Endemic fauna of Borneo


Coupe des Carpathes

The Coupe des Carpathes is a one-day cycling race held annually in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland. It was first held in 2002, and since 2005 has been part of the UCI Europe Tour as a 1.2 event.

Past winners

External links

Category:Recurring sporting events established in 2002
Category:Cycle races in Poland
Category:UCI Europe Tour races
Category:Sport in Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Category:2002 establishments in Poland
Category:Summer events in Poland


Nashenden Down

Nashenden Down is a   nature reserve on the southern outskirts of Rochester in Kent. It is managed by the Kent Wildlife Trust, and is in the Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

This nature reserve was created from a large arable field in 2009, and it is being regenerated with chalk grassland species, partly by colonisation from a steep bank which escaped ploughing and partly by seed spreading. An area of scrub provides a habitat for birds.

There is access to the site from Nashenden Farm Lane.

References

Category:Kent Wildlife Trust


Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali

Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali (Conventions and Inconveniences of the Stage), also known as Viva la mamma, is a dramma giocoso, or opera, in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti. The Italian libretto was written by Domenico Gilardoni, adapted from Antonio Simeone Sografi's plays Le convenienze teatrali (1794) and Le inconvenienze teatrali (1800).

The title refers to the convenienze, which were the rules relating to the ranking of singers (primo, secondo, comprimario) in 19th-century Italian opera, and the number of scenes, arias etc. that they were entitled to expect.

Performance history
19th century

The opera was originally a one-act farsa based on Le convenienze teatrali; this version premiered at the Teatro Nuovo in Naples on 21 November 1827.  Donizetti revised it and added recitatives and material from Le inconvenienze teatrali; this final version premiered at the Teatro alla Cannobiana in Milan on 20 April 1831.

20th century and beyond

Convenienze had its first major modern revival in 1963 in Siena, and has subsequently appeared in a number of translations and under various titles, most notably as Viva la mamma, a German adaptation presented in Munich in 1969.

In the UK, the first staged performance was not given until 9 April 1976 by an amateur company, the Harrow Opera Workshop, but that performance had been preceded by a 1969 BBC broadcast under the name of Upstage and Downstage and in 1972 Opera Rara, the recording company, produced the one-act version in English as The Prima Donna's Mother is a Drag.  In the US, the first production was given in Terre Haute, Indiana on 2 April 1966.

A 2004 production at the Opera of Monte Carlo starred June Anderson.  In October 2009, the opera was performed at La Scala as Le Convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali, under the direction of Marco Guidarini.

This opera was staged in 2017 in the Estates Theatre of the Czech National Theatre in Prague.

Roles

Synopsis
Time: 18th century
Place: "A provincial Italian theatre"

A regional (and mediocre) operatic troupe is rehearsing a new work—Romulus and Ersilia—and faces numerous obstacles. The prima donna acts every bit the diva, refusing to rehearse.  The German tenor cannot master either the lyrics or melodies.  In the midst of much quarrelling, various singers threaten to walk out.  The situation turns more dire with the arrival of Mamma Agata (a baritone role), the mother of the seconda donna. She insists on a solo for her daughter and even issues detailed demands on the musical arrangement of the aria. When the German tenor refuses to go on, he is replaced by the prima donna's husband.  The show eventually collapses, and rather than pay back all the investors (whose money has already been spent), the company flees the town under cover of night.

Recordings

References
Notes

Cited sources
Ashbrook, William; Sarah Hibberd (2001), in  Holden, Amanda (Ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, New York: Penguin Putnam. .  pp. 224 – 247.
Osborne, Charles, (1994),  The Bel Canto Operas of Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini,  Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.

Sources
Allitt, John Stewart (1991), Donizetti: in the light of Romanticism and the teaching of Johann Simon Mayr, Shaftesbury: Element Books, Ltd (UK); Rockport, MA: Element, Inc.(USA)
Ashbrook, William (1982), Donizetti and His Operas, Cambridge University Press.
Ashbrook, William (1998), "Donizetti, Gaetano" in Stanley Sadie  (Ed.),  The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. One. London: Macmillan Publishers, Inc.
Black, John (1982), Donizetti’s Operas in Naples, 1822—1848. London: The Donizetti Society.
Loewenberg, Alfred (1970). Annals of Opera, 1597-1940, 2nd edition.  Rowman and Littlefield
Sadie, Stanley, (Ed.); John Tyrell (Exec. Ed.) (2004), The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians.  2nd edition. London: Macmillan.    (hardcover).   (eBook).
 Weinstock, Herbert (1963), Donizetti and the World of Opera in Italy, Paris, and Vienna in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century, New York: Pantheon Books.

External links
 Viva la Mamma on opera-national-de-lyon
  Donizetti Society (London) website
 Libretto (two act version) (Italian)
 Le Convenienze ed Inconvenienze Teatrali (Viva la Mamma) - Gaetano Donizetti - 2002 on YouTube

Category:Italian-language operas
Category:Drammi giocosi
Category:Operas by Gaetano Donizetti
Category:Opera buffa
Category:Farse
Category:Operas
Category:1831 operas
Category:1827 operas
Category:Operas based on plays
Category:Operas set in Italy


Birds of Western Australia

The Birds of Western Australia is a book first published in 1948 by Patersons Press Ltd in Perth, Western Australia.  Its full title originally was A Handbook of the Birds of Western Australia (with the exception of the Kimberley Division), though with the publication of the 5th edition only the shorter form was used.  It was authored by Dominic Serventy and Hubert Whittell.  It was issued in octavo format (228 x 148 mm) and contains 372 pages bound in blue buckram with a dustjacket illustrated with a painting of Australian pelicans by Harley Webster.  It contains a coloured frontispiece of paintings of the heads of Meliphaga honeyeaters, with numerous black-and-white drawings and maps scattered through the text. The second edition (1951) contained colour plates by  Olive Seymour.

The book covered birds recorded within the Australian state of Western Australia except, as the full title of the first edition indicates, the tropical Kimberley region of its north.  It was the first Australian regional ornithological handbook.  In the Introduction the authors state:
”The need for some such Handbook as this one was impressed on the authors by their own early experiences in Western Australian ornithology.  Perhaps, however, they flatter themselves unduly for presenting to the bird-loving public a book which they like to feel is one of the type they wished had been available to them when beginning the study of local birds.”
With regard to the layout of the book, they say:
”The first two sections deal with the history of Western Australian ornithology and a discussion of the bird geography of the State.  Though complete in themselves both are supplementary to the third section, the detailed treatment of the species of birds occurring in our area.”

The success of the book was such that, for many years, it was the principal source of information on the birds of the state.  Further editions appeared in 1951, 1962, 1967 and 1976, the fifth and final one being published by the University of Western Australia Press, with the length having increased by then to some 490 pages.  It was described later in the preface to the state's next ornithological handbook as:
”…a landmark in Australian ornithology.  Its high standard and concise presentation provided a stimulus for a great deal of ornithological research in this State.”

References

Notes

Sources

Category:1948 non-fiction books
Category:Books about Australian birds
Category:Books about Western Australia
Category:Ornithological handbooks


Political Education in the People's Republic of China

Political education in the People's Republic of China refers to a variety of education methods, some of them coercive or involuntary, whose aim is to have the citizens identify with and support the Chinese Communist Party's policies. The process involves defining political issues, educating people in the policies of the Party, and convincing them of the necessity of a particular political action.

The intensity of political education has varied depending on the political climate and the target of the education. The most intrusive and thorough is “thought reform,” variously referred to as "reeducation" or "transformation." Thought reform often takes place in a tightly controlled environment such as a prison or labor camp, and may involve threats or other coercive measures to convince the target to reshape his or her ideological or political identity. The least intrusive, yet most ubiquitous form of political education is propaganda, which may be conveyed via the media, in political meetings, or through a school curriculum.

History

Over a million Muslims are being held in Xinjiang in thought transformation camps.

See also
Propaganda in the People's Republic of China
Thought reform in the People's Republic of China
Censorship in the People's Republic of China
Brainwashing

References

Category:Political repression in China
Category:Propaganda in China


Pulcheria (disambiguation)

Pulcheria may refer to:

 Pulcheria (398 or 399 – 453), daughter of Eastern Roman Emperor Arcadius and Empress Aelia Eudoxia
 Pulcheria (daughter of Theodosius I) (385–386), daughter of Roman Emperor Theodosius I and Roman Empress Aelia Flaccilla
 Pulcheria (moth)


Star International

Star International is a weekly English language newspaper published in Northern Cyprus. It was formed from two separate newspapers, Cyprus Star and Turkey Star, both published weekly and owned by the Star Kibris Media Group. It was started in April 2008 and the current editor is Dan Gibson.

References

External links
 Star International website www.starint.net
 ADA TV website www.adatv.tv

Category:English-language newspapers
Category:Weekly newspapers
Category:Newspapers published in Northern Cyprus
Category:Publications established in 2008


Central Asia–China gas pipeline

The Central Asia–China gas pipeline (known also as Turkmenistan–China gas pipeline) is a natural gas pipeline system from Central Asia to Xinjiang in the People's Republic of China. By connecting Turkmenistan to China’s domestic grid, this pipeline makes it possible to transport gas some 7000 km from Turkmenistan to Shanghai. More than half of Turkmen natural gas exports are delivered to China through the pipeline.

History
The initial proposal for Central Asia–China gas pipeline was presented as the Kazakhstan–China gas pipeline, which was to follow along the Kazakhstan-China oil pipeline. In June 2003, during China's President Hu Jintao's visit to Kazakhstan, agreements to expedite the appraisal of the project were signed.  Following these agreements, KazMunayGas and PetroChina started a feasibility study of the pipeline project.  At the same time China continued negotiations with other Central Asian countries.

On 3 April 2006, China and Turkmenistan signed a framework agreement on the pipeline construction and long-term gas supply.  In June 2007, during his visit to China, Turkmeni President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow signed an accord to speed up implementation of the Turkmeni-Chinese gas pipeline project.  On 30 April 2007, Uzbekistan and China signed an agreement on the construction and exploitation of the pipeline's Uzbekistan section.  In July 2007, it was formally announced that Turkmenistan will join original Kazakhstan-China pipeline project.  On 8 November 2007, Kazakhstan's oil company KazMunayGas signed an agreement with the China National Petroleum Corporation on principles of future work on the pipeline.

On 30 August 2007, the construction of the  long Turkmen section of the pipeline began.  This section was built by Stroytransgaz, a subsidiary of Gazprom.  Main contractors were China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau, China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corporation, and Zeromax.  Construction of the Uzbek section started on 30 June 2008.  It was built by Asia Trans Gas, a joint venture of Uzbekneftegas and CNPC.  Construction works of the Kazakh section started on 9 July 2008 and the first stage was finished in July 2009.  It was built by Asian Gas Pipeline company, a joint venture of CNPC and KazMunayGas.  The main contractors of this section were KazStroyService and China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corporation.  The first of the two initial parallel line were completed early November 2009.

The Kazakh section of the pipeline was inaugurated on 12 December 2009 during China's president Hu Jintao's visit to Kazakhstan.  The whole pipeline was inaugurated on 14 December 2009 in a ceremony in Saman-Depe during Hu Jintao's visit to Turkmenistan with the leaders of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.
On 13 June 2010 China and Kazakhstan signed an agreement on a branch line from Western Kazakhstan.

The second line was completed by the end of 2010. Construction of the third line began in 2012.  It became operational on 15 June 2014, and is expected to reach the designed throughput of  in December 2015. The construction of a fourth line of the pipeline is expected to be launched at the end of 2014.

Significance
According to CNPC, the inflow of Turkmen gas helps China in meeting its energy demands and stabilizes the country's overall consumption structure. It was expected that the pipeline's deliveries boost the natural gas proportion of energy consumption of China by an estimated 2%, which reduces the overall smoke, dust and carbon dioxide emissions.  For Turkmenistan, the project helps the country diversify its energy exports by delivering gas eastward as opposed to its previous deliveries to Russia and Iran. Until the inauguration of the pipeline, nearly 70% of Turkmenistan's gas exports transited through Russian pipelines. Central Asia–China gas pipeline is the first pipeline to bring Central Asian natural gas to China and highlights China's quest for Central Asian energy exports. While Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are also considering selling their gas to China, Chinese government already made new moves to penetrate deeper into Central Asian energy sector by lending $3 billion to Turkmenistan to develop the South Iolotan field in 2009 and $10 billion to Kazakhstan to pay for future oil supplies.

Technical features
The length of Lines A, B, and C is about , of which  in Turkmenistan and  in Uzbekistan. The diameter of each pipeline is .  Lines A, B, and C constitute three parallel lines with combined total capacity of  which was reached by 2015. Construction of the first line cost US$7.3 billion.  The pipeline project also includes the desulfurization plant at Samand-Depe to remove high sulfur content of natural gas.

A fourth pipeline (Line D),  in length to connect Galkynysh to western China via Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, is under construction, and is expected to be completed in 2020.  Upon its completion, total capacity of the four lines is expected to reach 65 billion cubic metres per year.

Route
The pipeline starts in Saman-Depe carrying natural gas from the Bagtyyarlyk gas fields on the right bank of Amu Darya in Turkmenistan.  It is mainly supplied from Iolotan and Sag Kenar fields.  The pipeline enters Uzbekistan in Olot and runs across Uzbekistan to southern Kazakhstan parallel to the existing Bukhara–Tashkent–Bishkek–Almaty pipeline.  The pipeline crosses the Kazakhstan–China border at Khorgos, where it is connected to the second West–East Gas Pipeline.

In Shymkent, the pipeline will be linked with the  branch line from Beyneu in western Kazakhstan.  It will supply natural gas from the Karachaganak, Tengiz and Kashagan gas fields.  The branch line will have a capacity of 15 billion cubic meters of natural gas per year.  It will be commissioned in 2014.

See also

 Kazakhstan–China oil pipeline
 Central Asia – Center gas pipeline system
 Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline
 Energy policy of China
 Energy security of China
 Altai gas pipeline
 Power of Siberia

References

External links
Chow, Edward, "Central Asia’s Pipelines: Field of Dreams and Reality," in Pipeline Politics in Asia: The Intersection of Demand, Energy Markets, and Supply Routes (National Bureau of Asian Research, 2010)
Kazakhstan's Gas: Export Markets and Export Routes, by Shamil Yenikeyeff, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, November 2008
 Noriko Yodogawa & Alexander M. Peterson, "An Opportunity for Progress: China, Central Asia, and the Energy Charter Treaty", 8 Texas Journal of Oil, Gas, and Energy Law 111 (2013).

Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2009
Category:Natural gas pipelines in Kazakhstan
Category:Natural gas pipelines in Turkmenistan
Category:Natural gas pipelines in Uzbekistan
Category:Natural gas pipelines in China
Category:Energy in Central Asia
Category:China–Kazakhstan relations
Category:Kazakhstan–Turkmenistan relations
Category:Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations
Category:Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan relations


Timpisini

Timpisini is an inkhundla of Swaziland, located in the Hhohho District.  Its population as of the 2007 census was 8,471.

References
Statoids.com, retrieved December 11, 2010

Category:Populated places in Hhohho Region


Henry Rono

Henry Rono (born 12 February 1952 in Kapsabet) is a Kenyan retired track and field athlete who specialised in various long-distance running events. Although he never made the Olympics, Rono is remembered as one of the most prolific collegiate competitors in the history of track in the United States, as well as being the former record holder for the 3000 metres steeplechase for over a decade. Rono also set the world record for the 5000 metres twice, first in 1978, and again in 1981 (breaking his own record that he had set in 1978.)

Running career
Rono was born in Nandi Hills, Kenya, into the Nandi tribe. He started running while at primary school. Starting in 1976 he attended the Washington State University, along with his compatriot Samson Kimobwa, who broke the 10,000 meters world record in 1977. He was coached there by John Chaplin. More Kenyan runners would later enroll at the Washington State, including Bernard Lagat, Mike Kosgei and Patrick Muturi. While at Washington State, Rono became only the third person in history (after Gerry Lindgren and Steve Prefontaine) to win the NCAA Men's Cross Country Championship three times, doing so in 1976, 1977 and 1979. His winning time of 28:07 in 1976 remains the fastest 10,000 meters cross country time in NCAA history (in 2008 Galen Rupp ran 27:41 at the NCAA regional meet on a course that was said to be 80 meters short of the regular measure). He was also NCAA steeplechase champion in 1978 and 1979 and NCAA Indoor Champion in the 3000 meters in 1977.

The peak of Rono's running career was the 1978 season. In a span of only 81 days, he broke four world records: 10,000 m (27:22.5), the 5000 meters (13:08.4), the 3000 meters steeplechase (8:05.4), and the 3000 meters (7:32.1); an achievement unparalleled in the history of distance running. He lowered the 10,000 meters record by almost 8 seconds, the 5000 by 4.5, the steeplechase by 2.6, and the 3000 by a full three seconds. In the same year he also won the 5000 m and the 3000 m steeplechase gold medals at the Commonwealth Games. Among his other performances was a steeplechase / 5000 m double in one day during qualifying at the NCAA championships at the University of Oregon at Eugene's Hayward Field. He set meet records in both events, turning in an 8:18 and 13:22. The former took 6 seconds off the NCAA meet record for the steeple. When he ran the steeplechase final the next day, he won in 8:12.39, taking another six seconds off the steeplechase mark. He won 10,000 meters and 3000 meters steeplechase gold medals at the 1978 All-Africa Games.

Although he was never quite as dominant as he was in 1978, Rono continued to run and compete at the same high level for the next four years, running the world's fastest 5000 meters of the year (13:19) and winning the NCAA cross country championships in 1979, running one of history's fastest 10,000 meters races in 1980 (27:31.68), having a strong year in the 5000 meters with several high quality races, including another 5,000 m world record (13:06.20) in 1981, and running history's third fastest 5000 meters (13:08.9) as well as twice running under 27:30 to come within seconds of his world record for 10,000 meters in 1982.

Rono never competed at the Olympics, as his country boycotted both the 1976 and the 1980 Olympic Games and by 1984 he was no longer competing.

His 3000 m steeplechase world record (8:05.4) stood for 11 years, and, as of 2014, still stands as the collegiate record. His 10,000 meters world record remained the fastest 10,000 meters time ever run by an NCAA athlete until Sam Chelanga ran 27:08 in 2010 at the Payton Jordan invitational.

After turning 55 in February 2007, it was reported that Rono would attempt to break the world masters mile record for the 55–59 age group. 2007 was also the year Rono's autobiography, Olympic Dream, was published.

Rono currently coaches high school athletics in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and is pursuing a graduate degree in special education. He is also co-owner of Turbo Health Care Services Inc and Rhinow Corp.

Personal bests
One mile – 3:59.2 indoors (1977)
3000 metres – 7:32.1 (1978)
5000 metres – 13:06.20 (1981)
10,000 metres – 27:22.47 (1978)
3000 metres steeplechase – 8:05.4 (1978)

Competition record

NCAA cross country

See also
 List of Washington State University people

References

External links

Henry Rono's Web Site: Team Rono
The EastAfrican, 6 May 2002: From The Good Life To Car-Washing, Henry Rono Tasted it All

Category:1952 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Nandi County
Category:Kenyan male middle-distance runners
Category:Kenyan male long-distance runners
Category:Kenyan male steeplechase runners
Category:Kenyan athletics coaches
Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Kenya
Category:Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1978 Commonwealth Games
Category:Washington State Cougars men's track and field athletes
Category:African Games gold medalists for Kenya
Category:African Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Category:Track & Field News Athlete of the Year winners
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1978 All-Africa Games


Knox National Forest

Knox National Forest was established in Kentucky by the U.S. Forest Service on June 5, 1925 with  from part of the Camp Knox Military Reservation. On April 6, 1928 the executive order for its creation was rescinded and the forest was abolished.

References

External links
Forest History Society
Listing of the National Forests of the United States and Their Dates (from the Forest History Society website) Text from Davis, Richard C., ed. Encyclopedia of American Forest and Conservation History. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company for the Forest History Society, 1983. Vol. II, pp. 743-788.

Category:Former National Forests that were military bases
Category:National Forests of Kentucky


Southern Railway North Avenue Yards Historic District

The Southern Railway North Avenue Yards, now repurposed as the NorthYards business park, is located just west of the railway line northwest from downtown Atlanta, south of the Marietta Street Artery neighborhood, rich in industrial history. The Yards represent a microcosm in changes in American railroads over the course of the 20th century.

The Southern Railway Company first established the complex, as early as 1911, as a turntable rail yard. The roundhouse (1925) was once used for assembling and servicing trains and, as offsite warehouses were introduced, it was later adapted for use as a warehouse. During the 1950s and 1960s additional warehouses were built surrounding and connected to the roundhouse.

The Roundhouse at Northyards Business Park was renovated and turned into a business park in 2002 by C.D. Moody Construction and won the 2002 Atlanta Urban Design Commission's Award of Excellence.

References

External links
 Marietta Street Artery Association

Category:Historic districts in Atlanta
Category:Rail yards in Georgia (U.S. state)
Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Georgia (U.S. state)
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Atlanta
Category:Rail infrastructure on the National Register of Historic Places in Georgia (U.S. state)
Category:Adaptive reuse of industrial structures in Atlanta


Cley Hall

Cley Hall, in Cley next the Sea, Norfolk, is a Grade II listed house in Norfolk.

References

External links
http://www.mcnamarallp.co.uk/projects/cley-hall/

Category:Grade II listed houses in Norfolk


Choctaw Creek

Choctaw Creek may refer to:

Choctaw Creek (Claiborne County, Mississippi), a tributary to Bayou Pierre in Mississippi
Choctaw Creek (Copiah County, Mississippi), a tributary to Bayou Pierre in Mississippi
Choctaw Creek (Harrison County, Mississippi)
Choctaw Creek (Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi)


Radio Waves (Roger Waters song)

"Radio Waves" is the opening track from Roger Waters' second solo studio album, Radio K.A.O.S. It was chosen as the lead single for the album, released worldwide in May 1987.

Background
"Radio Waves" introduces the main character, Billy, a disabled man who finds a way to talk and become friends with a radio DJ. Billy is gifted and has the miracle of hearing and interpreting  radio waves in his head. He explores a cordless phone which was hidden in his wheelchair by his brother Benny, after destroying and robbing a store. Recognising its similarity to a radio, he experiments with the phone and is able to access computers and speech synthesizers, he learns to speak through them. He calls a radio station in L.A. named Radio KAOS, a completely fictitious radio station based in Los Angeles and tells them of his abilities and his life story throughout the album.

Track listings

Charts

References

External links
Radio Waves Discogs
Roger Waters official website

Category:1987 songs
Category:1987 singles
Category:Roger Waters songs
Category:Songs written by Roger Waters
Category:Songs about radio
Category:Song recordings produced by Roger Waters


Sternohammus femoraloides

Sternohammus femoraloides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1980. It is known from the Philippines.

References

Category:Lamiinae
Category:Beetles described in 1980