List of ships captured in the 19th century

Throughout naval history during times of war battles, blockades, and other patrol missions would often result in the capture of enemy ships or those of a neutral country. If a ship proved to be a valuable prize efforts would sometimes be made to capture the vessel while inflicting the least amount of damage as was practically possible. Both military and merchant ships were captured, often renamed, and then used in the service of the capturing country's navy, or in many cases sold to private individuals who would break them up for salvage, or use them as merchant vessels, whaling ships, slave ships, or the like. As an incentive to search far and wide for enemy ships, the proceeds of the sale of the vessels and their cargoes were divided up as prize money among the officers and crew of capturing crew members with the distribution governed by regulations the captor vessel's government had established. Throughout the 1800s war prize laws were established to help opposing countries settle claims amicably. Private ships were also authorized by various countries at war through a Letter of marque, legally allowing a ship and commander to engage and capture vessels belonging to enemy countries. In these cases contracts between the owners of the vessels on the one hand, and the captains and the crews on the other, established the distribution of the proceeds from captures.

Legend
 Dates of capture are listed chronologically and appear in bold
 Names of commanders are those in command when ships were captured.
  The symbol ' ' following a commander's name denotes he was killed in action.
 Name of ship and flag of country listed are those in use at time of ship's capture and will sometimes link to a page with name and flag used after capture.
This list does not include ships captured by pirates.

 1800–1809

 Quasi-War

The Quasi-War was an undeclared war fought mostly at sea between the United States and French Republic from 1798 to 1800. France, plagued by massive crop failures and desperately in need of grain and other supplies, commissioned numerous French privateers who both legally and illegally captured cargo from merchant vessels of every flag engaged in foreign trade with Britain. Approximately 300 American ships were captured by the French Navy and privateers under a Letter of marque issued by the government of France. International law mandated that a ship captured during wartime by a belligerent was lost to the owner, and that no compensation was to be made by the country who seized a vessel unless provided for by a treaty that ended that war.

 Deux Anges |  | 27 January 1800A 20-gun French corvette Letter of marque captured by [[USS Boston (1799)|USS Boston]] commanded by George Little serving in the squadron of Silas Talbot. Deux Anges (sometimes Two Angels in contemporary American accounts) was sent to Boston under Lieutenant Robert Haswell to be condemned by a prize court.U.S. Navy, DANFS, USS Boston prgh.4
 Mercator |  | May 1800A Danish schooner captured by USS Experiment commanded by Lieutenant Maley entering the Haitian port of Jacmel during the Quasi-War. Maley suspected it to be a French vessel and ordered it to Cape Francois where it was recaptured by the British.
 Godfrey |  | 31 May 1800English registered schooner commanded by H. Atkinson, captured by a French privateer and recaptured by American sloop of war USS Merrimack.
 Flambeau |  | 23 July 1800A French Letter of marque of 12 guns, captured by USS Enterprise, commanded by Captain John Shaw.
 Berceau |  | 12 October 1800A 24-gun French corvette commanded by Capitain de frégate Senez, captured by USS Boston, commanded by Capt. George Little, unbeknown that the Quasi-War had ended several days earlier. She was towed to the United States, repaired and returned to France September 1801.
 Good Friends |  | September 1809An American ship out of Baltimore, commanded by Captain Robert Thompson, captured by the Danes.John Bach McMaster, The Life and Times of Stephen Girard, mariner and merchant, pp. 47, 85–91.
 Helvetius |  | September 1809An American ship out of Baltimore, commanded by Captain Ezra Bowen, captured by the Danes.

 First Barbary War

The First Barbary War (1801–5), was the first of the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War fought between the United States and the North African Berber Muslim states known collectively as the Barbary States. For years the Barbary Corsairs had harassed and captured British, French and American shipping, often capturing vessels seizing cargoes and holding crews for large ransoms or enslaving them. Refusing to pay tribute President Thomas Jefferson sent a fleet of ships to the Mediterranean shores of North Africa to deal with the constant threats to U.S. and other ships.Guttridge, 2005 pp.257–260
 Meshboha |  | 26 August 1803A brig cruiser belonging to the Emperor of Morocco. Captured by , commanded by William Bainbridge.
  | () | 31 October 1803 | ( Ottoman Tripolitania Navy) | 16 February 1804 A frigate that ran aground in the Mediterranean leaving it at the mercy of the Barbary corsairs of Tripoli. She was recaptured and burned in Tripoli harbor three and a half months later by Lieutenant Stephen Decatur.
 Mastico | ( Ottoman Tripolitania Navy) | 23 December 1803A ketch built in France in 1798 for Napoleon's Egyptian expedition, later sold to Tripoli and renamed Mastico. Captured by USS Enterprise and USS Constitution under the commands of Stephen Decatur and William Bainbridge respectively. Renamed [[USS Intrepid (1798)|USS Intrepid]], was one of several vessels under the command of Stephen Decatur which recaptured and destroyed the  16 February 1804.Lewis, 1937 p.32
 Transfer | ( Ottoman Tripolitania Navy) | 21 March 1804Former British privateer, Transfer out of Malta, later sold to Tripoli and used in blockade running during the Barbary Wars. Captured off Tripoli, by Syren commanded by Lieutenant Charles Stewart. She was renamed the USS Scourge.

 French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against the French Republic and Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1792 to 1815 involving many often large scale naval battles resulting in the capture of numerous ships. Among the most notable of such battles were the Battle of Trafalgar and the Battle of Copenhagen involving hundreds of ships and many thousands of seamen and officers.
 HMS Swiftsure |  | 24 June 1800 A 74-gun ship of the line, originally the British HMS Swiftsure, commanded by Captain Hallowell, captured by the French fleet, commanded by Admiral Ganteaume. She was later recaptured at the Battle of Trafalgar.
 Vengeance |  | 25 August 1800A Résistance class frigate of 40 guns, commanded by Capitain de Vaisseau Citizen F. M. Pitot, attacked and captured in the Mona Passage during the French Revolutionary Wars by  of the Royal Navy, commanded by Captain David Milne. Renamed HMS Vengeance. HMS Incendiary |  | 10 February 1801 A 16 gun British sloop and fireship, commanded by Captain Richard Dun, captured by the French navy at Cape de Gat.
 HMS Success |  | 10 February 1801A 32-gun fifth rate frigate launched in 1781, captured by the French and recaptured by the British the same year.
 HMS Sprightly |  | 10 February 1801Captured by the French navy.

 Battle of Copenhagen

The Battle of Copenhagen was a naval battle involving a large British fleet under the command of Admiral Sir Hyde Parker, defeating and capturing many of the Danish-Norwegian fleet anchored just off Copenhagen on 2 April 1801. Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson led the main attack.Southey, 1896 pp.243–244

 HDMS Holsteen |  | 2 April 1801A 60-gun ship of the line in the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy.  She was commissioned in 1775, captured at the Battle of Copenhagen.
 HDMS Indfødsretten |  | 2 April 1801Captured, burnt
 HDMS Prøvesteenen |  | 2 April 1801Abandoned, captured, burnt
 HDMS Valkyrien |  | 2 April 1801Abandoned, captured, burnt
 HDMS Rendsborg |  | 2 April 1801Driven ashore, captured, burnt
 HDMS Jylland |  | 2 April 1801Captured and burnt
 HDMS Sværdfisken |  | 2 April 1801captured and burnt
 HDMS Kronborg |  | 2 April 1801Captured and burnt
 HDMS Haien |  | 2 April 1801Captured and burnt
 HDMS Charlotte Amalie |  | 2 April 1801Captured and burnt
 HDMS Søehesten |  | 2 April 1801Captured and burnt

 See also:List of Danish sail frigatesList of ships of the line of Denmark

 Napoleonic Wars (continued i)

 [[HMS Hannibal (1786)|HMS Hannibal]] |  | 6 July 1801A 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the British Royal Navy, launched on 15 April 1786, named after Hannibal Barca. Ran aground and captured during the first part of the Battle of Algeciras Bay.
 Saint Antoine  |  (Franco-Spanish fleet) | 6–12 July 1801Captured by British at the Battle of Algeciras Bay.
 Jeune Amélie | | 1803 captured by letter of marque slaver Kitty; became Kitty's Amelia, the last vessel to leave Britain (27 July 1807) on a legal slave trading voyage.
 Embuscade |  | 28 May 1803A 32 gun fifth rate frigate captured by , commanded by Captain Samuel Sutton in the Atlantic. She was restored to the Royal Navy in her old name, the existing Ambuscade being renamed HMS Seine. First captured by the British during the Battle of Tory Island in 1797, recaptured by the Bayonnaise in 1798 to be recaptured by the British again in 1803.Phillips Ambuscade page article
 Bacchante |  | 25 June 1803A Serpente class corvette bearing 18 guns. Captured by HMS Endymion, off the Azores.
 Impatiente |  | 25 June 1803A Romaine class frigate bearing 20 guns. Captured by HMS Naiad, commanded by Captain James Wallis  in the Bay of Biscay.
 HMS Minerve |  | 3 July 1803A 40-gun frigate under the command of Captain Jahleel Brenton, (re)captured by the French navy after it ran aground chasing other ships. Originally a French ship, captured by British in 1792.
 Duquesne |  | 24 Jul 1803A Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line, commanded by Commodore Quérangal. Captured by British squadron, commanded by Commodore Loring. Vessel was stranded in 1804, broken up 1805.Brenton, 1824 pp.281
 Renard |  | 25 November 1803An 18-gun schooner, captured by the Royal Navy after a chase. Later renamed Crafty, and captured by the Spanish in 1807.
 Princess Charlotte |  British East India Company | 15 September 1804A 24-gun East Indiaman, captured by the French Navy in the Battle of Vizagapatam.
 Amfitrite |  | 25 November 1804A 42-gun Spanish frigate, captured by the British Navy in the Action of 25 November 1804 off Cádiz.
 Le Formidable |  | 1805An 80-gun ship of the line, broken up in 1816.
 HMS Cleopatra |  | 18 February 1805A 32-gun Amazon-class fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy, commanded by Sir Robert Laurie. Captured by Ville de Milan, commanded by Captain Jean-Marie Renaud.
 HMS Calcutta |  | 25 September 1805An East Indiaman converted to a 56-gun ship of the line. Captured by 74-gun French ship Magnanime, later ran aground and recaptured by British and set ablaze 12 April 1809 at the Battle of the Basque Roads.James & Chamier, 1859 p.413

 Battle of Trafalgar

The Battle of Trafalgar was fought on 21 October 1805 off the Spanish coast near Cape Trafalgar involving the allied fleets of Spain and France against the Royal Navy of Britain. Britain's answer to Napoleon's threat, it proved to be the turning point of the Napoleonic era and is regarded as the last great sea battle of the period. The battle involved dozens of sailing warships and vessels many of which fell to capture while many were also met with what is considered a worse fate in the storm that followed.Corbett, 1905 p.251

 Fougueux |  | 21 October 1805A Téméraire class 74-gun French ship of the line. Present at the Battle of Trafalgar, commanded by Capt Louis Alexis Baudoin, fired the first shot of the battle. After its capture by British it was wrecked in the storm of 23 October that followed the battle and sunk, taking with her all hands on board.Corbett, 1905 p.440
 Redoutable |  | 21 October 1805A Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line.  Commanded by Captain Lucas  Redoutable is known for her fiercely fought duel with HMS Victory during the Battle of Trafalgar, killing Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, incurring the highest losses of the battle.  Captured by British, she foundered during the storm the next day and sunk, taking with her all hands.Fraser, 1906 pp.150–152
 Bucentaure |  | 21 October 1805An 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. It was the flagship of the French fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar, commanded by Captain Jean-Jacques Magendie. Surrendered to Captain James Atcherly of the Marines from HMS Conqueror, later wrecked in storm of 23 October 1805.
 Algésiras |  | 21 October 1805A 74-gun French ship of the line, present at the Battle of Trafalgar, under Rear Admiral Charles Magon who was killed during the boarding attempt when engaged by HMS Tonnant. Escaped after capture making her way to Cadiz.
 Intrépide | () | 21 October 1805A 74-gun third-rate ship of the line, captured at the Battle of Trafalgar and scuttled by British.
 Aigle |  | 21 October 1805A 74-gun French ship of the line. took part in the Battle of Trafalgar, captured during the battle. On the following day, her crew rose up turned against her captors and recaptured their ship, however, she was wrecked in the storm of 23 October 1805.
 Indomptable |  | 21 October 1805An 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. After engaging the British Revenge, Dreadnought and Thunderer she was finally captured. During the storm of 23 October she broke her anchor chains and was wrecked with only about 150 out of 1200 men aboard surviving.
 Berwick |  |  | 21 October 1805The British HMS Berwick, a 74-gun ship of the line, was captured by the French in 1795. She was recaptured by the British at the Battle of Trafalgar. While in tow her captives cut her cables, she struck a shoal and sank with approximately 200 perishing in the storm.Thiers, 1850 p.43
 Swiftsure |  |  | 21 October 1805 A 74-gun ship of the line, originally the British HMS Swiftsure, commanded by Captain Hallowell, captured by the French fleet, commanded by Admiral Ganteaume, on 24 June 1800. Under the command of Captain l'Hôpitalier-Villemadrin she was recaptured at the Battle of Trafalgar and was one of the few captured ships to survive the storm.
 Rayo |  | 21 October 1805An 80-gun ship of the line of the Spanish Navy. Present at the Battle of Trafalgar, noted for being the oldest vessel present. Rayo escaped from the battle but was intercepted by HMS Donegal fresh out of Gibraltar and then was wrecked 26 October 1805 in the storm that followed.Fraser, 1906 pp.306–307
 Santa Ana  |  | 21 October 1805A 112-gun three-decker ship of the line of the Spanish Navy. Captured by British at Battle of Trafalgar. two days later, a squadron under the command of Commodore Cosmao-Kerjulien recaptured her and took her back to Cadiz.
 Neptuno |  | 21 October 1805An 80-gun Montañes-class ship of the line of the Spanish Navy. Captured at the Battle of Trafalgar, later ran aground and set fire by the British.
 San Agustín |  | 21 October 1805A 74-gun ship of the line. Present at the Battle of Algeciras in 1801 and the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
 Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad |  | 21 October 1805A first-rate ship of the line, launched in 1769, bearing 112 guns, increased to 130 guns in 1795–96. Commanded by Francisco Javier Uriarte and Rear Admiral Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros, present at Battle of Trafalgar, the largest ship in the allied fleet. Captured by British, wrecked in storm following day.Corbett, 1905 p.421
 Monarca |  | 21 October 1805A 74 gun ship of the line, commanded by Capt Don Teodoro de Argumosa, present at Battle of Trafalgar. After its capture it was burnt on 26 October 1805.
 Bahama |  | 21 October 1805A 74 gun ship of the line, commanded by Commodore Dionisio Alcalá Galiano who lost his life from cannon fire. Captured by HMS Colossus, broken up in 1814.
 San Juan Nepomuceno |  | 21 October 1805A 74-gun ship of the line launched in 1765, commanded by Commodore Don Cosmé Damián Churruca y Elorza , present at Battle of Trafalgar, with half its crew dead or wounded.
 San Ildefonso |  | 21 October 1805A 74-gun ship that saw service in French, British and American waters in the late 18th century. Present at the Battle of Trafalgar, commanded by Captain Don Jose Ramón de Vargas y Varáez; captured by the British HMS Defence and renamed HMS Ildefonso, it was one of the few captured vessels that survived the storm following the battle.

 Napoleonic Wars (continued ii)

 Le Duguay-Trouin  |  |  4 Nov 1805 74-gun Le Téméraire class. Captured by British, renamed HMS Implacable; training ship 1805, scuttled 1949
 Mont Blanc |  | 4 Nov 1805  74-gun ship, Le Téméraire class: captured by British, hulked 1811, sold 1819
 Le Duguay |  | 4 November 1805A French Navy's Ship of the line, 74 guns, launched in 1800, survived the Battle of Trafalgar but was later captured by the British at the Battle of Cape Ortegal.
 Le Mont Blanc |  | 4 November 1805A French Ship of the line, 74 guns, she was used by the British at the Battle of Trafalgar after her capture at the Battle of Cape Ortegal.
 Le Scipion |  | 4 November 1805A 74 gun ship of the line, present at the Battle of Cape Finisterre, and the Battle of Trafalgar. Captured by the British at the Battle of Cape Ortegal, later broken up 1819.
 Le Formidable |  | 180580-gun ship of Le Tonnant class, broken up 1816.
 Viala | ()  | 6 February 1806  Viala was a 74-gun  launched in 1795. She was captured by the Royal Navy in 1806 at the Battle of San Domingo.
 Marengo |  | 13 March 1806A Téméraire class French ship of the line bearing 80 guns, commanded by Admiral Charles Linois. Captured by HMS London of 98 guns,  commanded by Admiral John B. Warren, following with HMS Foudroyant, bearing 80 guns, commanded by Vice-Admiral John Chambers White.Yonge, 1863 p.139 See also: Action of 13 March 1806
 Belle Poule |  | 13 March 1806A 40-gun Virginie-class frigate. Captured by HMS Foudroyant bearing 80 guns, commanded by Admiral John B. Warren. See also: Action of 13 March 1806
 Néarque |  | 28 March 1806A French brig, 16 guns, she was captured by the British off France.
 La Bellone |  | 12 July 1806A 34-gun privateer captured off the coast of Ceylon by HMS Rattlesnake and HMS Powerful under the command of Sir Edward Pellew.  See also: Action of 9 July 1806
 Armide |  | 25 September 1806A frigate of 40 guns under the command of Commodore Sir Samuel Hood. Was present at Allemand's expedition of 1805, captured by British forces during the Action of 25 September 1806 by, HMS Centaur.
 Alceste |  | 25 September 1806A 38-gun Armide class frigate of the French Navy. Captured along with Armide, Gloire and Infatigable by a four-ship squadron under Samuel Hood.
 L'Alexandre |  | 180680-gun ship of Le Tonnant class, sold 1822.
 Brave |  | 6 Feb 180674 gun, captured by British, foundered 1806.
 Maida |  |  74 (1795) 6 Feb 1806– ex-French Le Jupiter, captured by British, sold 1814.
 HMS Crafty |  | 9 March 1807A 14-gun schooner, boarded and captured by three Spanish warship north of Tétouan. Formerly a French warship, captured in 1803.
 HDMS Sarpen |  | 7 September 1807A brig  of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy, which she served from 1791 to 1807 until the British capture, taking possession under terms of capitulation following the Second Battle of Copenhagen.
 Little Belt | () | 7 September 1807Originally a Danish 22-gun warship launched in 1801, captured by the British at the Second Battle of Copenhagen, renamed HMS Little Belt, commanded by Arthur Bingham. Captured second time by USS President, commanded by John Rodgers.
  |  | 1807A whaler, she was first captured by a Spanish privateer, then by a British warship, then by another Spanish privateer. Brought to Algiers, then released.
 Piémontaise |  | 8 March 1808a 40-gun Consolante-class frigate that served as a commerce raider in the Indian Ocean, commanded by Lieutenant de vaisseau Charles Moreau . Captured by HMS St Fiorenzo of 38 guns, commanded by Captain George Nicholas Hardinge off the coast of India. She was renamed HMS Piedmontaise served in the British Royal Navy, until broken up in 1813.Yonge, 1863 pp.51–52
 Griffon |  | 11 May 180816-gun French Palinure-class brig, captured by HMS Bachante off Cape San Antonio, Cuba.
 HMS Tickler |  | 4 June 1808A 14-gun Archer class brig built in 1804. Captured by Danish gunboats in the Great Belt. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1815.
 HMS Turbulent |  | 9 June 1808A 16-gun Confounder-class brig launched in 1805. Captured by Danish gunboats off Saltholm. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1814.
 Neptune |  | 14 June 180880-gun French Bucentaure-class ship of the line, captured by the Spaniards in Cadiz harbour.
 Héros |  | 14 June 1808 74-gun French Téméraire class ship of the line, captured by the Spaniards in Cadiz harbour.
 Pluton |  | 14 June 1808 74-gun French ship of the line, captured by the Spaniards in Cadiz harbour.
 Algesiras |  | 14 June 1808 74-gun French Téméraire class ship of the line, captured by the Spaniards in Cadiz harbour.
 Argonaute |  | 14 June 1808 74-gun French ship of the line, captured by the Spaniards in Cadiz harbour.
 Cornélie |  | 14 June 1808 44-gun French frigate, captured by the Spaniards in Cadiz harbour.
 HMS Seagull |  | 19 June 1808A 16-gun Seagull-class brig built in 1805. Captured by the sloop Lougen off Christiansand. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until transferred to the fledgling Royal Norwegian Navy in 1814. Decommissioned in 1817.
 HMS Tigress |  | 2 August 1808A 14-gun Archer class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish gunboats in the Great Belt. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1815.
 HMS Carnation |  | 3 October 1808An 18-gun Cruizer class brig-sloop launched in 1807, commanded by Charles Mars Gregory. Captured by French brig Palinure, commanded by Captain de frègate Jance. Burnt in 1809 to avoid recapture.James, Chamier, 1859 p.70Santo Domingo |  | Captured by the British in 1809.Le Colibri |  | 16 January 1809A French 16-carronade brig, launched in 1808, commanded by Lieutenant de Vaisseau Deslandes, captured by . Taken into British service as HMS Colibri, wrecked on 23 August 1813 in Port Royal Sound.
 Junon |  | 10 February 1809A 40-gun frigate commanded by capitaine de frégate Rousseau, was the lead ship of the Junon class. While commanded by John Shortland she was recaptured on 13 December 1809 by Clorinde and Renommée and renamed HMS Junon.
 Le d'Hautpoult |  | 17 April 1809A Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line., captured by British, renamed HMS Abercrombie, sold 1817.
 Felicite |  | 17 June 1809French 36-gun class frigate, 900 tons, Captured by HMS Latona, a 38-gun frigate commanded by Captain Hugh Pigot.
 HMS Alert |  | 10 August 1809An 18-gun brig built in 1807 for the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy under the name Allart, captured by the British following the Second Battle of Copenhagen. Recaptured by Danish gunboats off Fredriksvern. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until transferred to the fledgling Royal Norwegian Navy in 1815. Decommissioned in 1817.
 HMS Minx |  | 2 September 1809A 13-gun Archer class brig launched in 1801. Captured by Danish gunboats off Skagen. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1811.
  |  | 13 Dec 1809The  was captured by , ,  and Seine (all ) off Guadeloupe with the loss of fifteen of her crew. She was set afire and scuttled the next day.
 Amelia Wiilson |  | 1809French merchantman captured by the British Navy in 1809.See also: List of French sail frigates
 List of ships of the line of the Royal Navy
 List of frigate classes of the Royal Navy
 List of early warships of the English navy

 1810–1819 Napoleonic Wars (continued) HMS Grinder |  | 13 April 1810A gunboat launched in 1809. Captured by Danish gunboats off Anholt.
 Nereide |  | 23 August 1810A Sybille-class 36-gun, copper-hulled, frigate of the French Navy. Captured by the British at Isle of France at the Battle of Grand Port.Yonge, 1863 pp.238–242
 HMS Alban |  | 12 September 1810 | 11 May 1811A schooner launched in 1806. Captured by Danish gunboats off Skagen. Operated by the Dano-Norwegian Navy under the same name until recaptured by the British in 1811.
 Corona | () |  13 March 1811A 40-gun  frigate of the French Navy. Built her in 1807 for the Venetian Navy Captured by British at the Battle of Lissa.
  | () | 16 May 1811A post ship captured by John Rodgers in command of USS President. The engagement came to be known as the Little Belt Affair, one of many incidents that led to the War of 1812.
 HMS Safeguard |  | 29 June 1811A 13-gun Archer class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish gunboats off Jutland. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1813.
 HMS Manly |  | 2 September 1811A 13-gun Archer class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish brigs Lolland, Alsen and Samsø off Arendal. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1813.
 Rivoli |  |  22 Feb 181274-gun Le Pluton class, broken up 1819.
 HMS Attack |  | 19 August 1812A 13-gun Archer-class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish gunboats. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1813.
  |  | 8 September 1812San Antonio |  | 13 October 1812. Captured by the British sloop Merope, commanded by John Charles Gawen.Trave |  |  23 October 1813A 40-gun Pallas class frigate, captured by British, broken up 1821.
 Le Brillant |  |  181474 gun, captured by British, renamed Genoa, broken up 1838.

 War of 1812
The War of 1812 was largely a naval war fought between the United States with their young American navy and Great Britain who had the largest and most formidable navy in the world at the time. The causes of the war were regarded differently between the two countries. The United States was appalled at Britain for seizing U.S. ships and capturing and impressing American citizens into its navy, while Britain maintained that it had the right to search neutral vessels for property or persons of its foes.  The ships of the two countries were involved in many engagements along the Atlantic coast, the Great Lakes, the Gulf of Mexico and the West Indies with numerous vessels being destroyed or captured on both sides.
 Alexander (brig) |  | Unknown dateA civilian brig. Taken as a prize by the British
 Lord Nelson | | 5 June 1812 | 24 December 1815A schooner commanded by Robert Percy, captured by USS Oneida, commanded by Commodore M.T. Woolsey, while enforcing the Embargo Law.
 HMS Whiting |  | 8 July 1812A Royal Navy Ballahoo-class schooner of 75 tons and 4 guns, launched in 1805, Lieutenant Lewis Maxey. Present at the Battle of Copenhagen, Captured at Hampton Roads by American privateer Dash commanded by Captain Garroway.Winfield (2008), p.359.
 USS Nautilus |  | 16 July 1812Built in 1799 as a merchant vessel it was purchased by the U.S. Navy in 1803 and converted into a 42-gun brig. Commanded by Lieutenant W. Crane, it was captured off the coast of New Jersey by a blockading British fleet: Shannon, Belvidera, Africa, Eolus and Guerriere – the last vessel of these itself defeated by USS Constitution only a month later. Taken into possession for use in the Royal Navy and renamed HMS Emulous.U.S. Navy, Nautilus, page article
 HMS Ulysses |  | 20 July 1812A 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1779, captured by American privateer Paul Jones.Henry  || 26 July 1812  A new merchant ship, captured after a 15 minute fight, carrying sugar and old Madeira wine from St Croix to London by the American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle. Valued at $150,000-170,00, sent to Baltimore.
 Hopewell  |  | ?? July 1812 The American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle, captured the merchant ship Hopewell, of 400 tons, as Hopewell was on her way to London from Surinam, carrying sugar, molasses, cotton, coffee and cocoa by. One of Hopewells men was killed. The ship was sent to Baltimore where the cargo was valued at $150,000,.John |  | 18 September 1812 A merchant ship, 400 tons, captured on her passage from Demerara to Liverpool by the American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle. The prize was valued at $150,000-200,000 and sent to Baltimore. One of over thirty other merchant vessels captured by Boyle.USS Caledonia | | 8 October 1812  Caledonia was a brig, formerly HMS Caledonia, captured by the U.S. Navy, during the War of 1812 and taken into American service. Commanded by Lieutenant D. Turner the Brig played an important role with the American squadron on Lake Erie; sold at the end of the war.
   |  | 8 October 1812An 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop, launched on 9 February 1806, commanded by Thomas Whinyates. Captured by , commanded by Jacob Jones.Harrison, 1858 p.194
 USS Adams |  | 9 October 1812Adams was in drydock at Detroit for repairs when war broke out, captured by the British and renamed HMS Detroit.USS Wasp |  /  | 15 October 1812Commanded by Jacob Jones. Wasp was a sailing sloop of war captured by the British in the War of 1812. She was constructed in 1806 at the Washington Navy Yard. Captured twice.Latimer, 2007 p.103
 Swallow |  | 18 October 1812A British packet with eighty one boxes of gold and silver aboard, captured by USS President commanded by Commodore John Rodgers with Matthew C. Perry aboard
 HMS Macedonian |  | 25 October 1812A 38-gun fifth rate  in the Royal Navy, captured by the  commanded by Stephen Decatur during the War of 1812.Peterson, 1857 p.363 | | 1 November 1812A British whaler of 10 guns and 26 men, carrying a cargo of oil and whalebone, bound for London was captured by USS Congress under the command of Captain John Smith. The ship was ordered to the United States. She was one of the five prizes Smith took during the war.
  |  | 26 December 1812A Pallas class frigate, commanded by Henry Lambert , taken as a prize off coast of Brazil after its engagement with USS Constitution, commanded by William Bainbridge.Roosevelt, 1883 pp.119–121
 HMS Duke of Gloucester or Gloucester |  | 27 April 1813A 10-gun brig launched on Lake Erie in 1807, captured American squadron under the command of Commodore Isaac Chauncey's and taken back to Sackett's Harbor. Destroyed by the British a few weeks later.James, Chamier, 1859 p.243
  |  | 1 June 1813A frigate, Commanded by Captain James Lawrence that was pounded by 362 shots from HMS Shannon before its surrender.See: Capture of USS Chesapeake
  |  | 3 June 1813Part of Thomas Macdonough's fleet overtaken by British while on blockade patrol at the Battle of Lake Champlain. Renamed HMS Finch
 Joel Barlow |  | 3 July 1813An American Letter of marque schooner bearing only two guns, captured by HMS Briton off the coast of Bordeaux.The European magazine, and London review, Volumes 63–64, Great Britain Philological Society, p.252
  |  | 14 August 1813A brig commanded by William Henry Allen surrendered to British after engagement with HMS Pelican in St George's Channel.See: Capture of USS Argus
 HMS Boxer |  | 5 September 1813A 12-gun launched in July 1812, commanded by Samuel Blyth, captured by USS Enterprise, commanded by Lieutenant William Burrows. See also: Capture of HMS BoxerHMS Confiance |  | 5 October 1813A 37-gun fifth-rate frigate captured on Lake Erie by , commanded by Thomas Macdonough at the Battle of Plattsburgh. Amelia |  | 1813American merchantman launched in 1810, captured by the British Navy, in 1813.HMS Pictou |  | 14 February 1814A 16-gun schooner built as the American privateer Syren and commissioned as Letter of marque, captured by Royal Navy 20 April 1813, renamed Pictou. Commanded by Lieutenant Edward Stephens Pictou was recaptured at Barbados during the War of 1812 by the American frigate USS Constitution commanded by Charles Stewart.James, Chamier, 1859 p.503
 |  | 28 March 1814A sailing frigate commanded by David Porter that served in the Quasi-War, the First Barbary War and the War of 1812. Captured off Valparaíso by HMS Phoebe and HMS Cherub under the command of Admiral James Hillyar and was renamed HMS Essex.James, 1920 pp.154–155
 HMS Epervier |  | 29 April 1814An 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop commanded by Richard Walter Wales, captured off Cape Canaveral, Florida by USS Peacock with 22 guns commanded by Lewis WarringtonSee also: Capture of HMS Epervier
  |  | 20 April 1814Forced to surrender to superior British force 15 miles off Matanzas, Cuba.
 HMS Ballahou |  | 29 April 1814A schooner of four guns, commanded by Norfolk King, was the name ship of the Royal Navy's Ballahoo-class schooners. Captured by 5-gun American privateer Perry off the coast of South Carolina.James, Chamier, 1859 p.504
 HMS Reindeer |  | 28 June 1814An 18-gun Cruiser class brig-sloop, launched in 1804. She was under the command of Commander Nicholas Lechmere Pateshall() when , under the command of Johnston Blakely, captured ehr approximately 500 miles west of Ushant.Peterson, 1857 p.40 See also: Sinking of HMS Reindeer
 USS Syren |  | 12 July 1814A brig, served in First Barbary War and War of 1812. Captured in 1814 by Royal Navy.
 HMS Landrail |  | 12 July 1814A 4-gun Cuckoo-class schooner, commanded by Lieutenant Robert Daniel Lancaster. Captured near Gibraltar by an American privateer Syren, a schooner sporting one heavy long gun, under Captain J.D. Daniels.
 |  | 22 June 1814 A brig under the command of Lt. James Renshaw, was captured by the 50 gun, British frigate .
 HMS Avon |  | 27 August 1814Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by Symons at Falmouth and launched on 31 January 1805, commanded by James Arbuthnot at time of capture; Captured by , commanded by Commodore Johnston Blakeley.
 USS President (sloop) |  | 11 September 1814A 12-gun sloop and the second US Navy ship to carry the name. Captured by British and renamed Icicle.
  |  | 14 December 1814A sloop lost to the British at the Battle of Lake Borgne.
  |  | 14 December 1814A Sloop of war lost to the British at the Battle of Lake Borgne.
  (frigate) |  | 15 January 1815A frigate that was named by George Washington, commanded by Stephen Decatur, fell into British hands when encountered by HMS Endymion.See: Capture of USS PresidentHMS Cyane |  | 20 February 1815A 22-gun Banterer-class sixth-rate post ship built in 1806, commanded by Captain Gordon Thomas Falcon; Captured along with HMS Levant approximately 100 miles east of Madeira by USS Constitution, commanded by Charles StewartHill, 1905 pp.171–172
 HMS Levant |  | 20 February 1815A 20-gun Cyrus-class sixth rate ship, commanded by Hon. George Douglas; captured along with HMS Cyane, by USS Constitution, commanded by Charles Stewart.
HMS St Lawrence |  | 26 February 1815 This 14-gun schooner was captured just off Havana by the American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle, who claimed over thirty prizes as a privateer during the war.See also: War of 1812 ships of the United Kingdom

 Second Barbary War

 Mashouda |( Ottoman Algeria Navy) | 17 June 1815An Algerian frigate and flagship in the Algerian fleet during the Second Barbary War, commanded by Rais Hammida . Captured by USS Guerriere, commanded by Stephen Decatur.Tucker, 2004 p.157
 Estedio | ( Ottoman Algeria Navy) | 19 June 1815An Algerian brig captured by American fleet under the command of Stephen Decatur.
 Eugene' |  | 17 January 1817An armed Mexican schooner attempting to smuggle slaves into the United States.
 General Ramirez |  | 1819 Venezuelan privateer, captured with 280 slaves by United States ship.

Chilean war of independence
The Navy of Chile website lists 26 Spanish prizes during the War of Independence. The most famous are probably:
 Águila (1796) |  | 26 February 1817first naval vessel of the Chilean Navy
 [[Chilean frigate O'Higgins (1816)|María Isabel (1816)]] |  | 20 October 1818captured by Manuel Blanco Encalada off Santa María Island, Chile
 Moctezuma |  | 24 March 1819captured by Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald in El Callao
 Esmeralda (1791) |  | 5 to 6 November 1820captured by Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald in El Callao
 Las Caldas||24 Jule 1824captured by Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald in El Callao. (later renamed Monteagudo)
 Aquiles||23 Juno 1825Ship handed over to the Chilean authorities
For vessels captured by Chilean Letter of marque ships, see list of prizes

 1820–1829

 La Jeune Eugene |  | 1821 La Daphnee |  | 1821 La Mathilde |  | 1821 L'Elize |  | 1821Above four ships captured together by USS Alligator. All except the La Jeune Eugene escaped while being escorted to Boston. France protests.Friends' View of the African Slave Trade (1824), pp.35–41
 Teresa |  | 9 April 1824A Spanish brig outfitted as a slaver, captured at Monrovia by El Vincendor, commanded by Captain Cottrell., p.526San Buenaventura |  | 9 January 1827  A spanish brig captured off Yucatan by Mexican Ship of the line Congreso Mexicano (former spanish Asia (ship)) with 214 men to Havana.

 1830–1839

West Africa Squadron
 St Helena (1814 ship) |   | 6 April 1830 a British East India packet schooner captured by pirates but retaken by her crew.
 Daspegado – Spanish pirate vessel, captor of St Helena,  captured by .

 War of the Confederation
 Monteagudo|Confederation|4 August 1836Crew handed the ship over to the Chilean government

 Texas Revolution

 Correo de Mejico |  | 1 September 1835A Mexican Navy warship captured by the merchant ships San Felipe and Laura after a bloody exchange of cannon fire off the coast of Texas known as the San Felipe Incident. On board the San Felipe was Stephen F. Austin.
 Pelican |  | 3 March 1836A Mexican merchantman captured by Captain W. Brown in the Liberty, later ran aground on a sandbar and was wrecked.
 Independence |  | 17 April 1837Former cutter USRC Ingham, captured by the Mexican navy in the Battle of the Brazos River. In service under Mexican flag as La Independencia.

 1839

 La Amistad |  | 1839A two-masted schooner built in Spain and owned by a Spaniard living in Cuba. Was used to transport Africans into slavery, who took control of the ship in 1839. Ship was captured off the coast of Long Island by the USS Washington.
 SS Eagle |  |  | November 1839 SS Clara |  |  | November 1839 SS Wyoming |  |  | November 1839 SS Mary Anne Cassard |  |  | November 1839Above four slaver ships seized together off the coast of Africa using American and Spanish flags to suit the occasion along with fraudulent papers. Captured by British cruiser and brought to United States.Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office, 1904 p.502
 SS Butterfly |  | 23 September 1839Fitted as a slaver, and captured by a British cruiser on the coast of Africa.
 SS Catharine |  | October 1839Captured on the African coast by a British cruiser, and brought by her to New York.
 SS Euphrates |  | 1839With American papers, seized by British cruisers as Spanish property. Before this she had been boarded fifteen times.
 SS My Boy |  | September 1839Seized by a British cruiser, and condemned at Sierra Leone.

 1840–1849

 SS Sarah Ann |  | March 1840Captured with fraudulent papers.
 SS Tigris |  | 1840Captured by British cruisers and sent to Boston for kidnapping.
 SS Jones |  | 1840Seized by the British.
 SS Shakespeare |  | 7 November 1842Shakespeare, of Baltimore, with 430 slaves, captured by British cruisers.
 SS Cyrus |  | 1844Cyrus, of New Orleans, suspected slaver, captured by the British cruiser Alert.
 SS Spitfire |  | 14 May 1845Spitfire, of New Orleans, captured on the coast of Africa, under American flag and the captain indicted in Boston.
 SS Casco |  | 1849Slaver, with no papers; searched, and captured with 420 slaves, by a British cruiser.

 Mexican–American War

At the onset of the Mexican–American War on 12 May 1846, Commodore John D. Sloat was in command of the Pacific fleet. The Pacific war against Mexico lasted only eight months with few casualties. The Pacific fleet consisted mainly of ten ships: two ships of the line, two frigates, two sloops-of-war, and four sloops. As the Mexican navy was very small few vessels were ever captured.

 Malek Adhel |  | 21 August 1846Mexican merchant brig captured by sloop of war USS Warren under the command Lieutenant William Radford.
 Alerta |  | 10 November 1847A sloop captured by the chartered Libertad with its crew of eleven in the Gulf of California, about twenty-five miles north of Mulegé.

 First Schleswig War

During the First Schleswig War (18481850) the Royal Danish Navy first supported the Danish Army's advance south against the rebels in Schleswig-Holstein, and later blockaded the German ports.

 Christian der achte |  Private ship | 31 March 1848A civilian steamship, captured by the Danish naval steamer Hekla and the brig St. Thomas at Aabenraa. Used as a transport by the Royal Danish Navy.
 Gefion |  | 5 April 1849A frigate, captured by Prussian forces during the Battle of Eckernförde.
  |  | 1853A gunboat, surrendered to the Royal Danish Navy after the end of the First Schleswig War. Commissioned into Danish service as

 1850–1859

 SS Martha |  |  | 7 June 1850Martha, of New York, captured by USS Perry when about to embark from southern coast of Africa with 1800 slaves. The captain was admitted to bail, and escaped.Foote, 1854 pp.285–292
 Volusia |  | 2 July 1850A Brazilian brig outfitted as a slaver with a Brazilian crew,  carrying false papers under the American flag, captured near Kabinda off the Congo River by British steam-sloop HMS Rattler, commanded by Arthur Cumming.
 SS Lucy Ann |  | 1850Lucy Ann, of Boston, captured with 547 slaves by the British.
 SS Navarre | Country of origin unknown | 1850Slaver, trading to Brazil, boarded, searched and seized by the commander of H. M. steam-sloop HMS Firefly.Foote, 1854 p.331
 SS Glamorgan |  | 1853Glamorgan, of New York, captured when about to depart with approximately 700 slaves.
 SS Grey Eagle |  | 1854Grey Eagle, of Philadelphia, captured off Cuba by British.
 SS William Clark |  | 1857 Ship from New Orleans, seized after prolonged surveillance by HMS Firefly.
 SS Jupiter |  | 1857 Fitted out at New Orleans, captured by HMS Antelope with 70 slaves aboard.
 SS Eliza Jane |  | 22 August 1857Fitted out at New York, captured by HMS Alecto without papers or colors.
 SS Jos. H. Record |  |  |1857 A schooner from Newport, Rhode Island, captured by [[HMS Antelope|HMS Antelope]] with 191 slaves aboard. Crew members from Spain and USA.
 SS Onward |  | 1857 Slaver vessel out of Boston, suspected of several smuggling attempts under American colors. Captured by HMS Alecto.
 [[SS Echo|SS Echo]] |  |  | 21 August 1858The Echo was commanded by Captain Edward Townsend and financed by foreign nationals from Brazil and was captured by USS Dolphin off the northern coast of Cuba near the Santaren Channel with 306 slaves.

 1860–1869

 SS Erie |  | 1860Erie, transporting 897 Africans from African coast, captured by a United States ship.
 Nightingale |  | 21 April 1861Originally the tea clipper and slave ship Nightingale, launched in 1851, captured in Africa in 1861 by , taken as a prize and purchased by the United States Navy.Dow, 1854 p.275

 American Civil War

During the American Civil War the Union naval blockade at first proved to be ineffective at keeping ships from entering or leaving southern ports but towards the end of the war it played a significant role in its victory over the Confederate states. By the end of the war the Union Navy had captured many Confederate ships, moreover had also captured more than 1,100 blockade runners while destroying or running aground another 355 vessels, the majority of them being British vessels, as the British had extensive interests throughout the plantations in the south, foremost of which was cotton. Using their specially designed blockade runners the British also provided arms and other needed supplies to the Confederate Army. The Confederacy came into the war with no Navy to speak of but in little time were producing the now famous ironclad vessels in response to the Union blockade, however these were being destroyed or captured as fast as they were being produced and ultimately did little to alleviate the strangle hold the Union blockade had on the Confederacy.

 USMS Nashville |  | 13 April 1861 A brig-rigged, side-paddle-wheel passenger steamer originally built as a United States Mail Service ship. Captured 13 April 1861 at Charleston harbor after the fall of Fort Sumter and renamed CSS Nashville.
 USS Merrimack  |  | 21 April 1861 A steam-driven screw frigate, was burned to the waterline and sunk 20 April 1861 in preparation for the surrender of the Gosport Shipyard the next day. Floated and rebuilt as casemate ironclad CSS Virginia, she participated in the Battle of Hampton Roads but was scuttled 11 May 1862 to avoid recapture.
 Enchantress |  Private ship| 6 July 1861 |   | 20 July 1861A civilian schooner, captured by the Confederate privateer Jefferson Davis, later recaptured by   off Hatteras Inlet, North Carolina, on 20 July 1861.
 CSS A. J. View |  | 28 November 1861 A collier while cruising in Mississippi Sound  28 November 1861, the Union screw steamer USS R. R. Cuyler seized A. J. View off Pascagoula, Mississippi, when the schooner attempted to slip out to sea.
 SS Arizona |  Private ship| 15 January 1862 |   | 28 October 1862A civilian side-wheel steamer, captured by Confederate forces at New Orleans. Pressed into Confederate naval service, she was recaptured by USS Montgomery  off Mobile, Alabama, on 28 October 1862.
 SS Magnolia |  Private ship| 15 January 1862 |   | 19 February 1862A civilian side-wheel steamer, captured by Confederate forces at New Orleans. Pressed into service as a blockade runner, she was recaptured by USS Brooklyn and USS South Carolina off Mobile, Alabama, on 19 February 1862, then pressed into service with the US Navy blockade fleet as USS Magnolia.

 CSS Calhoun |  | 23 January 1862 A 508-ton side-wheel steamer and gunboat, built in 1851 at New York City as the civilian steamer Calhoun. Served as a Confederate privateer and used as a blockade runner in May 1861.
 CSS Eastport |  | 7 February 1862A steamer and ironclad, at Cerro Gordo, Tennessee, captured by three Union gunboats. Renamed USS Eastport, later destroyed on Red River 15 April 1864 to prevent recapture.
 CSS Ellis |  | 10 February 1862;a gunboat in the Confederate States Navy and the United States Navy during, later lost during a raid while under command of Lieutenant William B. Cushing.
 CSS Teaser |  | 10 February 1862;After capture was taken into the United States Navy and assigned to the Potomac Flotilla.
 Darlington |  | 3 March 1862A Confederate sidewheel steamer, commanded by J.W. Godfrey, captured by USS Pawnee at Cumberland Sound, Florida.Wyllie, 2007 p.38
 Bermuda |  ~  | 27 April 1862A large iron-hulled screw steamer of 1,238 tons built in 1861 at Stockton-on-Tees, England as a blockade runner for transporting military supplies to the Confederacy, commanded by Charles W. Westendorff. Captured by USS Mercedita, commanded by Henry S. Stellwagen.U.S. Navy, DANFS, Bermuda, page article
 CSS Victoria |  | 6 June 1862A side-wheel steamer acquired by the Confederate Government for service as a troop transport on the waters of the Mississippi River. Captured by Union forces at Battle of Memphis and renamed USS Abraham.
 SS Mexico |  Private ship |  | 6 June 1862Originally the 1043-ton side-wheel river steamer, built 1851 at NY, owned by Southern Steamship Co. Pressed into service by the Confederacy at New Orleans 15 January 1862. She ran aground during the Battle of Memphis, captured, renamed USS General Bragg.CSS General Sumter |  | 6 June 1862A side wheel steamer, Capt. W. W. Lamb. Built as Junius Beebe, in 1853 at Algiers, Louisiana. Captured during the Battle of Memphis by Union forces, renamed USS Sumter.
 Napier |  | 29 July 1862Blockade runner captured by USS Chippewa
 Memphis |  | 31 July 1862A 7-gun screw steamer, built by William Denny and Brothers, in Scotland in 1861, serving as a blockade runner before being captured by USS Magnolia and taken into the Union Navy.
 CSS De Soto |  Private ship |  | 30 September 1862A sidewheel steamer, taken over by the Confederate forces for use on the Mississippi River. Carrying Confederate officers, she was surrendered to Union forces and taken into the Union Army as transport, then transferred to the Navy as USS De Soto and later renamed USS General Lyon.
 CSS Emily Murray |  | 9 February 1863Confederate schooner captured by USS Coeur de Lion while enforcing the blockade off Machodoc Creek, Virginia.
 CSS Robert Knowles |  | 9 February 1863Confederate schooner captured by USS Coeur de Lion while enforcing the blockade off Machodoc Creek, Virginia. |  |  | 14 February 1863A Paddle steamer converted into a ram for the United States Ram Fleet, she ran aground after taking heavy fire from the Fort DeRussy shore batteries, and was captured by the Confederate States Army.
 Peterhoff |  ~   | 25 February 1863A British blockade-running steamer, captured leaving St. Thomas by the USS Vanderbilt, commanded by Commodore Charles Wilkes.Scharf, 1894 p.450
USS Cherokee | ~  | 8 May 1863A former blockade runner she was captured by USS Canandaigua leaving Charleston, South Carolina.
 CSS Atlanta |  | 17 June 1863A 1006-ton Casemate ironclad Built in Glasgow, Scotland, originally named Fingal. She ran the blockade into Savannah, Georgia, in November 1861 with a large cargo of weapons and military supplies. Later ran aground and captured by John Rodgers  in command of USS Weehawken in Wassaw Sound.
 CSS Archer |  | 25 June 1863originally a fishing schooner captured by the Confederate cruiser CSS Tacony and converted into a Confederate cruiser for commerce raiding.Wagner, Gallagher, McPherson, 2006 p.564
 SS Britannia |  Private ship | 25 June 1863A iron-hulled, side-wheel steamer built in 1862 by British interests to run through the Union Navy's blockade. Captured by USS Santiago de Cuba.
 CSS Merrimac |  | 24 July 1863 A sidewheel steamer commanded by William P. Rogers used as a blockade runner. Captured by USS Iroquois commanded by J. S. Palmer off the coast of Cape Fear River, North Carolina.
 SS Emma |  Private ship | 24 July 1863 A Baltimore, Maryland-built vessel which was operating out of Nassau, Bahamas, under a British colonial register, captured by USS Adirondack while trying to evade Union blockade.
 CSS Robert E. Lee |  | 9 November 1863A schooner-rigged, iron-hulled, paddle-steamer used as a blockade runner commanded by Lieutenant Richard H. Gayle. Captured off the coast of North Carolina by USS James Adger and USS Iron Age.Wilkinson, 1877 p.65
 CSS Annie Thompson |  | 16 January 1864A sloop and blockade runner, run aground and captured by USS Fernandina at St. Cathrine's Sound.USGenWeb Project
 USRC Dodge |  |  | 4 April 1864 Seized by the Confederates at Galveston, Texas, at the war's outbreak and renamed Mary Sorly. Recaptured by USS Sciota trying to run the blockade.
 CSS Bombshell |  | 5 May 1864An Erie Canal steamer – was a U.S. Army transport, later sunk by the Confederate batteries on 18 April 1864, then raised and taken into the Confederate States Navy under the command of Lieutenant Albert Gallatin Hudgins, CSN.
 SS Tristram Shandy  15 May 1864An iron-hulled sidewheel steamer completed in 1864 at Greenock, Scotland, used as a blockade runner, captured by the USS Kansas.Office of Naval Records, 1921 p.225USS Water Witch |  | 3 June 1864 A wooden-hulled, sidewheel gunboat used in Gulf blockading squadron, captured by CSN gunboat fleet in Ossabaw Sound, 1st Lt. Thomas P. Pelot in command.
 CSS Selma |  | 5 August 1864Captured at Battle of Mobile Bay.
 CSS Tennessee |  | 5 August 1864An ironclad ram, commissioned 16 February 1864, Lieutenant James D. Johnston in command. Later became the flagship of Admiral Franklin Buchanan who surrendered at the Battle of Mobile Bay.
 CSS Advance |  | 10 September 1864A side-wheel steamer, built at Greenock, Scotland, in 1862, purchased by the CSA (North Carolina) under the name Lord Clyde in 1863, renamed Advance for running Union blockade. Vessel made 20 blockade runs before its capture by USS Santiago de Cuba off Wilmington, North Carolina. Renamed USS Frolic in 1865.
  |  | 27 October 1864 A steam-powered ironclad ram of the Confederate Navy (and later the second Albemarle of the United States Navy), commanded by Captain James W. Cooke, sunk by spar torpedo, captured, raised, and sold.CSS Lady Sterling |  | 28 October 1864Confederate blockade runner CSS Lady Stirling, built by James Ash at Cubitt Town, London, in 1864. She was badly damaged and captured by the United States Navy on 28 October 1864 off Wilmington, North Carolina.
 Charter Oak |  | 5 November 1864A schooner and cargo ship out of Boston, commanded by Samuel J. Gilman, used in the American Civil War, captured by CSS Shenandoah, commanded by Captain James Iredell Waddell and burned in 1864.
 D. Godfrey |  | 8 November 1864A cargo bark from Boston, captured by CSS Shenandoah, commanded by Captain James Iredell Waddell, sunk southwest of the Cape Verde Islands. See also: Vessels captured by CSS Shenandoah
 CSS Florida |  | November 28, 1864A cruiser in the Confederate States Navy, commanded by John Newland Maffitt (a privateer), captured by , commanded by Rear Admiral Napoleon Collins, later sunk in collision with USAT Alliance, a troop ferry, November 28, 1864.Wilkinson, 1877 p.61SS Syren |  | 18 February 1865The Syren  was a sidewheel steamer built at Greenwich, Kent, England in 1863 and designed for outrunning and evading the vessels on Union blockade patrol. Owned by the Charleston Importing and Exporting Company, the Syren made her first run on 5 November 1863, running supplies from Nassau to Wilmington. The Syren completed a record 33 runs through the blockade, the most of any blockade runner. Abandoned and set fire the Union Army captured her in Charleston harbor where she had successfully run in through the blockade the night before.See also: Wilmington, North Carolina in the American Civil War
 CSS Columbia |  | 18 February 1865An ironclad ram. Found by Union forces near Fort Moultrie when they took possession of Charleston in 1865.
 CSS Texas |  | 4 April 1865A twin propeller casement ironclad ram, captured at Richmond navy yard by union forces after city was evacuated.

See also:
 Ships of the Union Navy
 Blockade runners of the American Civil War
 List of ships of the Confederate States Navy

 Second Schleswig War

During the Second Schleswig War in 1864 the Royal Danish Navy blockaded the German ports. While the Danes suffered military defeat on land during the conflict, their navy succeeded in maintaining the blockade throughout the war.

 Neptunus |  Private ship | 8 March 1864A civilian ship, captured by the Danish frigate Jylland off Helsingør.
 Eudora |  Private ship | 2 April 1864A civilian barque, captured by the Danish corvette Dagmar off Hamburg.

 Chincha Islands War

The Chincha Islands War (18641866) was a mostly naval conflict between Spain and her former South American colonies Peru, Chile, Ecuador and Bolivia.

 Virgen de Covadonga |  | 26 November 1865 The naval schooner was captured in the Battle of Papudo by the Chilean corvette Esmeralda. Pressed into Chilean service, she was sunk by a naval mine during the War of the Pacific in 1880.
 Paquete de Maule |  | 6 March 1866The sidewheel steamer was captured by Spanish frigates. She was burned and destroyed by the Spanish on 10 May 1866.
 Pampero |  | 22 August 1866The naval steamer was captured by the Spanish frigate Gerona in the Action of 22 August 1866 off Madeira. She was pressed into Spanish naval service and remained so until sunk by Nationalist aircraft at Barcelona during the Spanish Civil War in 1938.

 1870–1879

Ten Years' War
The Ten Years' War was fought between Cuban revolutionaries and Spain. Breaking out in 1868, the war was won by Spain by 1878.

 Virginius | () | 30 October 1873The blockade runner, carrying 103 Cuban soldiers, was captured by the Spanish corvette . After initially executing 53 crew members as pirates, the Spanish authorities were pressured by the US and British governments to release the ship and the 91 surviving crew in December 1873.

 War of the Pacific

The War of the Pacific (18791883) was fought between Peru and Bolivia on one side, with Chile on the other. Chile emerged victorious.

 Rimac |  | 23 July 1879The troopship was captured by the Peruvian ironclad Huáscar and the Peruvian corvette Unión off Antofagasta. The ship was taken into service with the Peruvian Navy.
 Huáscar |  | 8 October 1879The ironclad was captured by Chilean naval forces in the Battle of Angamos. The ship was taken into service with the Chilean Navy under the same name and is still afloat as a museum and historical memorial ship at the port of Talcahuano, Chile
 Pilcomayo |  |18 November 1879 captured by Chilean Blanco Encalada.
 Alay |  | 22 December 1879captured by Chilean transporter Amazonas between Panama and El Callao.

 1880–1889

(Ship names / Information forthcoming)

 1890–1899

First Sino-Japanese War
The 1894–95 First Sino-Japanese War was fought between Qing Dynasty China and Meiji Japan over dominance of Korea. The war ended in Japanese victory and great Chinese loss of territory and prestige.

 Tsao-kiang |  Beiyang Navy | 27 July 1894The gunboat was captured by the Japanese cruiser  during the Battle of Pungdo. She served in the Japanese Navy and government service under the name Sōkō until 1924. Sold to civilian interests, she sailed as a transport until scrapped in 1964.
 Jiyuan |  Beiyang Navy | 17 February 1895The cruiser was captured by Japanese forces after the 17 February 1895 Battle of Weihaiwei. She served in the Japanese Navy under the name Saien until mined and sunk off Port Arthur on 30 November 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War.
 Pingyuan |  Beiyang Navy | 17 February 1895The armored cruiser was captured by Japanese forces after the 17 February 1895 Battle of Weihaiwei. She served in the Japanese Navy first under the name Ping Yuen Go and later as Heien until mined and sunk west of Port Arthur on 18 September 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War.
 Zhenyuan |  Beiyang Navy | 17 February 1895The turret ship was captured by Japanese forces after the 17 February 1895 Battle of Weihaiwei. She served in the Japanese Navy under the name Chin'en until scrapped in 1914.

Spanish–American War
The Spanish–American War lasted only ten weeks and was fought in both the Caribbean and the Pacific theaters. American naval power proved decisive, allowing U.S. expeditionary forces to disembark in Spanish controlled Cuba which was already under constant pressure from frequent insurgent attacks. It is the only American war that was prompted by the fate of a single ship, the USS Maine, then berthed in a Cuban harbor, which exploded while its crew lay asleep.

 Saranac | () | 26 February 1898The bark Saranac—under Captain Bartaby—was captured in the Philippines by the Spanish gunboat Elcano carrying 1,640 short tons (1,490 t) of coal from Newcastle, New South Wales, to Iloilo, for Admiral Dewey's fleet.
 Elcano |  | 1 May 1898The gunboat was captured by US naval forces during the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898. She was officially turned over to the US Navy on 9 November 1898.
 Reina Mercedes |  | 17 July 1898'''The scuttled cruiser was captured by US naval forces at Santiago de Cuba. The ship was raised in 1899 and taken into service with the US Navy.

See also

 Lists of ships
 List of ships captured in the 18th century
 Glossary of nautical terms
 List of naval battles
 List of single-ship actions
 History of the Royal Navy
 History of the United States Navy
 Bibliography of early American naval history
 Bibliography of 18th-19th century Royal Naval history

References

Notes

Bibliography

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Category:19th-century maritime incidents
Category:Lists of captured ships
Category:Naval warfare
Incidents
Category:Captured ships
Category:Naval history


Osira

Osira is a fictional character in the DC Comics book Wonder Woman. She first appeared in Wonder Woman, vol. 1, #231.

Fictional character biography

Pre-Crisis history
Osira was first introduced as an alien who crash-landed on Earth centuries ago. She and her husband Hefnakhti were worshipped as gods by the ancient Egyptians for their advanced technology and knowledge of irrigation. Egyptian pyramids were erected in their honor. They brought peace to Egypt but an old high priest called Anankh spoke against the couple as their sense of peace meant taking away the people's free will. Anankh trapped Osira and Hefnakhti in a pyramid, where they remained until 1942. Two opposing tanks accidentally blasted the pyramid open and Osira was released. Osira discovered that Hefnakhti had expended too much of his alien energy trying to escape the pyramid and thus he didn't have enough energy to sleep throughout the centuries and died.

Determined to bring about peace to the world once more, Osira took away the free will of the world's leaders and forced them into peace negotiations. Seeing the truth behind Osira's actions, Wonder Woman attempted to stop Osira and bring about free will to the world again. Osira's alien powers were too much for Wonder Woman though and Wonder Woman became a prisoner of Osira's. Osira then noted that Steve Trevor looked exactly like her now dead husband and proceeded to hypnotize him into thinking that he truly was Hefnakhti. Realizing this, Wonder Woman escaped her prison and battled Osira again. The spirit of Hefnakhti appeared to Osira during the battle and convinced her to stop the battle, leaving with him in peace. Thus the two disappeared, leaving Wonder Woman and Steve Trevor in a world at war again.

"One Year Later"
In conjunction with DC's "One Year Later" event, Osira appeared for the first time in Post-Crisis history. She was shown battling Donna Troy (who had taken over the title of Wonder Woman) and Cassie Sandsmark, the current Wonder Girl. As before, she was shown in an energy pyramid and emitted energy bolts from her hands.

Powers and abilities
Osira is able to shoot powerful force blasts from her hands and create a force shield around her body. Her power needs recharging and can be depleted.

See also
 List of Wonder Woman enemies

Category:DC Comics supervillains
Category:DC Comics deities
Category:DC Comics aliens
Category:DC Comics cosmic entities
Category:Female supervillains


Hubbing

Hubbing is a metalworking process that is used to make dies. It is a cold-working process, which means that it occurs well below the melting temperature of the metal being worked.

Process

In hubbing, a male hub (master) is created with a profile that will form an impression on the female piece. The male hub is generally hardened and the female die block softened by annealing to help form the impression. As the metal flows the face of the die block is deformed, and, generally, must be machined flat. The die block is often a cylinder that is reinforced with a surrounding steel ring during the hubbing process. Hubbing is usually less expensive than die sinking, i.e., machining the female die, and multiple dies can be made from the male hub.

In the case of mild steel, a typical hubbing press exerts a pressure of approximately 1500 short tons-force per square inch (21 GPa) to transfer the image from a master hub into the master die.

See also

Coining (metalworking)
Die making

References

DeGarmo, E. Paul, J T. Black, and Ronald A. Kohser. Materials and Processes in Manufacturing. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1997.

Category:Metal forming


USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal

The USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal relates to the sexual abuse of female athletes—primarily minors at the time of the incidents—over two decades in the United States, starting in the late 1990s. More than 368 persons alleged that they were sexually assaulted "by gym owners, coaches, and staff working for gymnastics programs across the country". Particularly, longtime USA Gymnastics (USAG) national team doctor Larry Nassar has been named in hundreds of lawsuits filed by athletes who said that Nassar engaged in sexual abuse for at least 14 years under the pretense of providing medical treatment. Since the scandal was first reported by The Indianapolis Star in September 2016, more than 265 women, including former USAG national team members Jamie Dantzscher, Morgan White, Jeanette Antolin, McKayla Maroney, Aly Raisman, Maggie Nichols, Gabby Douglas, Simone Biles, Jordyn Wieber, Sabrina Vega, Ashton Locklear, Kyla Ross, Madison Kocian, Amanda Jetter, Tasha Schwikert, Mattie Larson, Bailie Key, Kennedy Baker, and Alyssa Baumann, have accused Nassar of sexually assaulting them. It is one of the largest sexual abuse scandals in sports history.

On July 11, 2017, Nassar pleaded guilty to federal child pornography charges, and was sentenced to 60 years in prison on December 7, 2017. On November 22, 2017, he pleaded guilty in state court to seven charges of first-degree sexual assault and entered another guilty plea a week later to three additional charges of sexual assault. On January 24, 2018, Nassar was sentenced to an additional 40 to 175 years in prison, set to run after Nassar serves the 60-year federal prison sentence for child pornography. On February 5, 2018, Nassar received another 40 to 125 years. As of 2019, he is incarcerated at United States Penitentiary, Coleman.

An investigation by The Indianapolis Star over a period of nine months found that the abuses were widespread because "predatory coaches were allowed to move from gym to gym, undetected by a lax system of oversight, or dangerously passed on by USA Gymnastics-certified gyms". USAG and Michigan State University—where Nassar worked as its osteopathic physician—have been accused of enabling Nassar's abuse and are named as defendants in civil lawsuits that former gymnasts have filed against Nassar. Besides Nassar, other coaches across the country were involved in the scandal, in localities such as Michigan, Pennsylvania, California, Rhode Island, and Indiana.

On May 16, 2018, it was announced that the victims would be awarded the Arthur Ashe Courage Award. On December 13 of that year, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) awarded Nichols, the first person to have reported Nassar (though not the first to go public with her report), the Inspiration Award for 2019.

Background
In 1990, USAG compiled a list of permanently banned coaches, including coaches banned for sexual abuse. In 1992, Robert Dean Head, a USAG coach in Kentucky, pled guilty to raping a 12-year-old. In 2007, USAG made background checks mandatory for all coaches. Don Peters, the national coach for the 1984 Olympic team, was banned from USAG in 2011, after two former gymnasts accused him of sexual abuse. In 2016, Olympic team doctor Larry Nassar was arrested on charges of sex abuse and possession of child pornography. Multiple victims of sexual abuse have filed lawsuits against USAG and other parties.

In several incidents, USAG dismissed warnings about coaches. In a 2013 lawsuit, USAG officials admitted under oath that allegations of sexual abuse were routinely dismissed as hearsay unless they came directly from a victim or victim's parent. USAG waited for four years before reporting Marvin Sharp to police. Sharp was named USAG Coach in 2010. In 2015 he was charged with three counts of child molestation and four counts of sexual misconduct with a minor. He was charged and committed suicide in prison. Gymnastic coach Mark Schiefelbein was charged in 2002 for molesting a 10-year-old girl. After prosecutors subpoenaed records, they learned that USAG had received prior complaints against Schiefelbein, who was convicted and is serving a 36-year sentence. A complaint had been filed about James Bell at least five years before he was arrested in 2003 for molesting three young gymnasts. Bell pleaded guilty and is serving eight years in prison.

At least four complaints were made against Georgia coach William McCabe, but USAG did not report the allegations to the police. One gym owner had warned that McCabe "should be locked in a cage before someone is raped." McCabe continued coaching for seven years until one gymnast's mother went to the FBI with emails that he had sent to her 11-year-old daughter. McCabe was charged with molesting gymnasts, secretly videotaping girls changing clothes, and posting their nude images on the Internet. He pleaded guilty and is serving a 30-year sentence.

A judge released over 5,600 pages of court records in the McCabe case after the Indianapolis Star requested the documents. These documents show how USAG has responded to various sexual misconduct allegations that were made against coaches over a 10-year period from 1996 to 2006. The released documents included a letter which says a USAG regional chairman spoke to the organization's president in support of allowing a convicted sex offender to keep his membership. Other documents include sexual abuse complaints that were filed against 54 coaches. The documents revealed that some of these coaches were not banned from the sport even after being convicted of the crimes. USAG has since said that it has banned 37 of the 54 coaches.

In a deposition, USAG President Steve Penny said "To the best of my knowledge, there's no duty to report if you are – if you are a third-party to some allegation ... You know, that lies with the person who has first-hand knowledge." Penny resigned in March 2017.

Nassar was a licensed osteopathic physician and the national team sports-medicine doctor for USAG. He also ran a clinic and gymnastics club at Michigan State University, where he was a faculty member. USAG fired Nassar in 2015 "after learning of athlete concerns".

Sexual abuse allegations
In September 2016, The Indianapolis Star reported that Rachael Denhollander was one of two former gymnasts who had made accusations of sexual abuse against Nassar. Following those criminal complaints, Michigan State University reassigned Nassar from his clinical and teaching duties and fired him later that month. Since then, over 250 women and girls have accused Nassar of sexually abusing them; many of them were minors at the time of the crimes.

According to those reports, Nassar committed sexual assaults during medical examinations and purported treatments. The molestations ranged from his inserting a finger into the gymnasts' vaginas and anuses to fondling their breasts and genitalia. These were criminal acts regardless of consent since the victims were minors. Nassar initially denied the charges, claiming that he was performing legitimate medical procedures. In February 2017, three former gymnasts: Jeanette Antolin, Jessica Howard and Jamie Dantzscher, gave an interview with 60 Minutes in which they accused Nassar of sexually abusing them. The gymnasts also alleged that the "emotionally abusive environment" at the national team training camps run by Béla and Márta Károlyi at the Karolyi Ranch near Huntsville, Texas, gave Nassar an opportunity to take advantage of the gymnasts and made them afraid to speak up about the abuse. Rachael Denhollander, one of the first women to publicly accuse Nassar, said in court in May 2017 that Nassar sexually abused her on five doctor's visits in 2000, when she was 15 years of age.

Olympic gold medalist McKayla Maroney, using the #MeToo hashtag on Twitter, stated that Nassar repeatedly molested her, starting in 2008 when she was 13 years old and continuing until she retired from the sport in 2016. Maroney filed a lawsuit against Nassar, Michigan State University, the United States Olympic Committee and USAG. The lawsuit accused USAG of covering up the sexual abuse by paying Maroney $1.25 million settlement that required her to sign a non-disclosure agreement.

During a 60 Minutes interview, Olympic gold medalist Aly Raisman also accused Nassar of sexually abusing her. Raisman stated that Nassar molested her when she was 15 years of age. Gabby Douglas drew criticism from fellow Olympic teammate Simone Biles and others for sending a tweet that they interpreted as criticizing Raisman and of "victim-shaming", stating that "dressing in a provocative/sexual way incites the wrong crowd". Douglas later apologized for the tweet, and said she was also a victim of Nassar's alleged abuse.

Former national team member Maggie Nichols accused Nassar of abusing her, and documented the ways he "groomed" her by connecting with her on Facebook and complimenting her appearance on numerous occasions. It was also reported that it was Nichols' coach, Sarah Jantzi, who first reported Nassar to USAG on June 17, 2015, after overhearing Nichols talk to other gymnasts, later revealed to be Raisman and Alyssa Baumann, about Nassar's behavior. Simone Biles came forward shortly after with firsthand accounts of how she too had been sexually abused by Nassar. Jordyn Wieber made a statement at Nassar's court sentencing in which she also accused Nassar of sexually abusing her during her time at USAG. On May 1, 2018, former national team member Sabrina Vega also accused Nassar of sexual abuse, claiming she was abused hundreds of times, beginning when she was 12. In August 2018, UCLA gymnasts and 2012 and 2016 Olympians Kyla Ross and Madison Kocian came forward as victims of Nassar. The following month, Alabama Crimson Tide gymnasts Bailie Key and Amanda Jetter also came forward with accusations against Nassar. In October Tasha Schwikert, a member of the 2000 US Olympics team, came forward as a victim and claimed that Steve Penny pressed her to publicly support USA Gymnastics at the height of the Nassar scandal. In November, Florida Gators gymnasts Kennedy Baker and Baumann made public allegations against Nassar; Baker said she was abused during the 2012 Olympic Trials.

Criminal proceedings

Larry Nassar
In November 2016, Nassar was initially charged with sexual assault of a child. Michigan attorney general Bill Schuette stated that the assaults began when the victim was 6 years old in 1998 and lasted until 2005. He pleaded not guilty to three charges of first-degree criminal sexual conduct against a minor during his first court appearance.

The following month, Nassar was indicted on federal child pornography charges. According to the FBI, over 37,000 images and videos of child pornography were seized from Nassar's home, including a GoPro video of Nassar allegedly molesting girls in a swimming pool. Nassar pleaded guilty to three federal child pornography charges on July 11, 2017, and was given three consecutive 20-year prison sentences by U.S. District Judge Janet T. Neff on December 7, 2017.

On November 15, 2017, it was reported that Nassar pleaded guilty to counts of sexual assault in Ingham County (which contains most of East Lansing, the home city for Michigan State) and Eaton County in Michigan. At the time, he faced a total of 22 charges, 15 in Ingham and 7 in Eaton. Among the allegations was that under the guise of providing legitimate treatment, he had molested 7 girls at his home and at a clinic on the MSU campus. It also stated that Nassar would enter a guilty plea in Ingham County on November 22 and would then plead guilty in Eaton County on November 29 and would serve at least 25 years in prison for these crimes. Others who reported assaults by Nassar to the police were permitted to make victim impact statements during his sentencing hearing.

During his appearance before Judge Rosemarie Aquilina in Ingham County Circuit Court, and under the terms of his plea agreement, Nassar pleaded guilty to seven counts of criminal sexual conduct charges with a minimum sentence of 25 to 40 years in prison. Three of the victims were under the age of 13 and three ranged in age from 13 to 15. Nassar issued a short statement in which he apologized and said that he was hopeful the community could move forward:
"For all those involved, I'm so horribly sorry that this was like a match that turned into a forest fire out of control. I have no animosity toward anyone. I just want healing. ... We need to move forward in a sense of growth and healing and I pray (for) that".

More than 150 women made impact statements during Nassar's week-long sentencing hearing before the former doctor was sentenced on January 24, 2018 to state prison for 40 to 175 years. During his federal sentencing, Judge Neff had previously ordered that any state prison term run consecutive with Nassar's federal sentence. Judge Aquilina quoted a letter that Nassar had sent her prior to sentencing, in which he blamed his accusers. She described him as a dangerous individual who showed little remorse and said that she "signed [his] death warrant".

During his Eaton County Circuit Court appearance, Nassar pleaded guilty to engaging in sexual misconduct with three children under the age of 16. On February 5, 2018, Judge Janet Cunningham sentenced Nassar to an additional 40 to 125 years in state prison. This sentence will run consecutive to Nassar's federal sentence but concurrent to his previous state sentence from Ingham County.

Steve Penny
On October 17, 2018, former USAG CEO Steve Penny was arrested on charge of evidence tampering in the Larry Nassar case. He was accused of removing documents linked to the Nassar sexual abuse case from the Karolyi Ranch gymnastics training facility in Texas.  On October 29, 2018, Penny entered a plea of not guilty.

Lou Anna Simon
On November 20, 2018, former Michigan State University president Lou Anna Simon was charged with two felonies and two misdemeanor counts for lying to police. She is accused of falsely telling investigators she did not know the nature of a Title IX complaint against Nassar in 2014. She could face up to four years in prison on each felony charge.

Kathie Klages
In August 2018 Kathie Klages, a former Michigan State University gymnastics coach, was charged with one felony count and one misdemeanor count of lying to police about her early knowledge of sexual abuse allegations against Nassar.  Her trial began in February 2020.  She was found guilty on two counts of lying to the police and faces up to four years in prison. Her sentencing is set for April 18.

Response and impact

USA Gymnastics
With regard to the USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal, in 2016 USAG stated that "Nothing is more important to USA Gymnastics, the Board of Directors and CEO Steve Penny than protecting athletes, which requires sustained vigilance by everyone—coaches, athletes, parents, administrators and officials. We are saddened when any athlete has been harmed in the course of his or her gymnastics career." The USAG also said that it required criminal background checks for all of its coaches. An independent investigation by The Indianapolis Star, however, found that "some coaches are fired at gym after gym without being tracked or flagged by USA Gymnastics, or losing their membership with the organization".

Specifically with respect to Nassar, USA Gymnastics (USAG) said that its executives first learned of an athlete's concern regarding him in June 2015. Following an internal investigation, Nassar was fired and reported to the FBI the next month. In March 2017, USAG president Steve Penny resigned amid accusations of negligence and calls for his dismissal. In response to the scandal, USAG adopted reforms based on a June 2017 report by an investigator hired to review the organization's policies and practices. One of the changes is a requirement that all USAG members report any suspected sexual misconduct to appropriate authorities and the US Center for SafeSport.

USAG has been criticized for its handling of the sexual abuse allegations against Nassar. According to a 2016 investigation reported by The Indianapolis Star, top executives at USAG routinely dismissed sexual abuse allegations against coaches and failed to alert authorities. United States Senators criticized the organization's leadership for waiting five weeks before reporting Nassar to authorities after first learning of allegations involving Nassar in 2015. Juliet Macur of The New York Times was critical of USAG for not attending the 2017 congressional hearing on protecting young athletes from sexual abuse, and noted that the organization had not apologized for its role in the scandal. Two-time Olympian Aly Raisman criticized USAG's response to the scandal, noting that the reported $1 million severance package given to former president Penny could have been used to create a program to help the affected athletes.

Amid the sex abuse scandal, USAG lost several major corporate sponsors, including Procter & Gamble, Kellogg's, Under Armour, The Hershey Company and AT&T. Procter & Gamble was the name sponsor of the National Championships for five seasons, AT&T sponsored the American Cup since 2011, and Kellogg's sponsored a series nationwide tours. Marketing revenues account for approximately 35% of USAG annual revenues, or about $9.4 million. Kellogg's and Procter & Gamble were two of the largest sponsors associated with the organization.

In January 2018, USAG officially cut ties with Karolyi Ranch, the former national training center for the national team and a site where Nassar sexually assaulted many gymnasts. Later that month the Karolyi Ranch announced on its website that the facility had permanently closed. On January 22, 2018, three members of the USAG Board of Directors resigned.

Following Nassar's sentencing on January 24, 2018, the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) published an open letter calling for the resignations of the remaining USAG Board of Directors, saying that failure to comply with the request would result in the USOC taking steps to decertify the governing body. The USOC also announced that it was launching a third-party investigation into the scandal. On January 31, USAG received resignations from every member of its board of directors, complying with USOC's demands.

On February 1, it was reported that the USOC had been informed of abuse claims in 2015, prior to when they claim they first learned of it in 2016. Reports surfaced that USAG President Steve Penny had called USOC Chief Executive Scott Blackmun in July 2015 to inform him that an investigation uncovered possible criminal behavior by Nassar against Olympic athletes. Additionally in September 2015, Penny emailed USOC Security Chief detailing the allegations against Nassar.

John Geddert, team coach of the 2012 London Olympic team and personal coach of Jordyn Wieber, retired following an announcement by USAG that he had been suspended as a result of his connection to Nassar. Geddert operated two gyms that employed Nassar, including Twistars. Ownership of Twistars has been transferred to Geddert's wife Katherine. Gymnasts have reported being abused by Nassar at Twistars. Gymnasts have also accused Geddert of being abusive and dismissive of their injuries. One gymnast said Geddert had thrown her onto the low bar hard enough to tear the muscles in her stomach and end her career. They have said that Geddert's abuse left them vulnerable to Nassar's manipulation.

On February 2, Valeri Liukin resigned as national team coordinator. Later that month, the USOC CEO Scott Blackmun also resigned.

On February 28, Raisman filed a lawsuit against USA Gymnastics and the USOC, claiming both organizations "knew or should have known" about the ongoing abuse. On May 1, former national team member Sabrina Vega sued USAG, the USOC, and Béla and Márta Károlyi, claiming they ignored signs about Nassar's behavior or should have known he posed a risk to the gymnasts he treated.

On September 4, USA Gymnastics CEO and President, Kerry Perry, resigned. This came after USOC CEO Sarah Hirshland called for a change in USAG leadership and the United States Elite Coaches Association called for a vote of no confidence in Perry.  On October 12, Mary Bono was appointed interim president and chief executive officer of USA Gymnastics.  She resigned four days later after many people, including Raisman and Biles, expressed criticism over choosing Bono as interim president due to her ties with her former law firm, Faegre Baker Daniels, the same firm that helped cover up Nassar's crimes.

On November 5, 2018, the USOC announced that it was starting the process to decertify USAG as the national governing body for gymnastics in the United States. One month later, USAG filed for bankruptcy.

On February 29, 2020, gymnasts Simone Biles and Aly Raisman expressed anger over a proposed settlement by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee in the sexual abuse scandal. The proposed $215 million settlement (half of what MSU paid) will stop all lawsuits and prevent further investigation into the cover-up.

Michigan State University
Michigan State University said that it first received a complaint against Nassar in 2014. A Title IX investigation into the complaint found no violation of policy and Nassar was allowed to continue treating patients under certain agreed upon restrictions, as stipulated by MSU College of Osteopathic Medicine Dean William Strampel. However, no monitoring was instituted. After allegations against Nassar were reported by The Indianapolis Star in September 2016, Nassar was fired by Michigan State for violating the 2014 agreement.

The university faces lawsuits from 144 local and MSU athletes who say they were sexually assaulted by Larry Nassar. Michigan State University gymnastics coach Kathie Klages was suspended on February 13, 2017, and retired the next day, amidst the sexual abuse investigation of Nassar. Klages has been accused of dismissing sexual abuse complaints by former gymnasts against Nassar and pressuring them to stay silent. According to court documents, Klages was reportedly aware of sexual abuse allegations against Nassar as early as 1997.

On December 12, 2017, Strampel resigned as dean and went on medical leave as faculty. After mediation ended in the civil lawsuits, the MSU Board of Trustees voted to establish a $10 million fund to reimburse Nassar's victims for counseling services. MSU President Lou Anna Simon also apologized to the Nassar victims and donated her just-approved raise to the Roy J. and Lou Anna K. Simon Scholarship fund.

During Nassar's sentencing in January 2018, eight former MSU athletes, including those from the gymnastics, softball, volleyball, rowing, and track and field programs, gave victim impact statements accusing MSU staff of dismissing their sexual abuse complaints against Nassar.

On January 23, 2018, the National Collegiate Athletic Association formally opened an investigation into the university's handling of sexual abuse allegations against Nassar. On January 24, 2018, amid backlash over the university's role in the scandal, the Michigan House of Representatives voted overwhelmingly for a non-binding resolution sponsored by Rep. Adam Zemke, that called for the university's Board of Trustees to fire President Lou Anna Simon if she did not resign. Simon resigned later that same day. Two days later, MSU athletic director Mark Hollis retired.

Several other investigations by state and federal agencies into Michigan State's involvement are ongoing, including by the Michigan Attorney General's office  and the United States Education Department.

As a result of the Michigan Attorney General's investigation, in March 2018 William Strampel, who oversaw Nassar's clinic while dean of the College of Osteopathic Medicine, was arrested and charged with felony misconduct in office and criminal sexual conduct for allegedly groping a student and storing nude photos on his computer. Strampel also possessed a video of the pelvic floor manipulation procedure that Larry Nassar had created as a training video. The video may constitute evidence of an assault, and the investigation is continuing. On June 9, 2018, six current or former Michigan State employees linked to Nassar became the subjects of an investigation by Michigan's Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs.

On May 16, 2018, it was reported that the Michigan State University and Nassar victims had reached a $500 million settlement.

United States Congress
The United States Congress responded to the sexual abuse claims made against Nassar and also to claims made against personnel who were involved with USA Swimming and USA Taekwondo. United States Senator Dianne Feinstein introduced a bill to require national governing body members overseeing Olympic sports to immediately report sexual assault allegations to law enforcement or designated child-welfare agencies. Former gymnasts Dominique Moceanu, Jamie Dantzscher and Jessica Howard testified at a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on March 28, 2017, concerning the bill. Rick Adams, chief of Paralympic sports for the United States Olympic Committee and head of organizational development for the NGBs, stated at the hearing: "We do take responsibility, and we apologize to any young athlete who has ever faced abuse." USAG was asked to testify at the hearing, but declined.

The Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017, a bipartisan bill sponsored by Senators Dianne Feinstein (D-C.A.) and  John Thune (R-S.D.) and others, was agreed to in the House of Representatives on January 29, 2018.  The bill was agreed to in the Senate on January 30, 2018, and became law on February 14, 2018, when it was signed by President Donald J. Trump. Among other things, the law requires Olympic governing bodies and amateur sports organizations to report sex-abuse allegations immediately to local or federal law enforcement, or a child-welfare agency designated by the United States Department of Justice. It further authorizes the United States Center for Safe Sport to ensure that aspiring U.S. Olympic athletes can report allegations of abuse to an independent and non-conflicted entity for investigation and resolution, and to make sure that all national governing bodies follow the strictest standards for child abuse prevention and detection.  The bill amends the Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act, under the Commerce Committee's jurisdiction, to expand the purposes of USOC to promote a safe environment in sports that is free from abuse.

See also

Penn State child sex abuse scandal
Baylor University sexual assault scandal
2015 University of Louisville basketball sex scandal
The Ohio State University abuse scandal
Sexual abuse in primary and secondary schools

Footnotes

References

Category:2016 scandals
Category:2017 scandals
Category:Child pornography
Category:Child abuse in the United States
Category:Child abuse incidents and cases
Category:Child sexual abuse in the United States
Category:Gymnastics in the United States
Category:Michigan State University
Category:Sexual misconduct allegations
Category:Sports scandals in the United States
Category:Sports controversies
Category:Incidents of violence against women
Category:Violence against women
Category:Violence against women in the United States


As One (Hong Kong band)

As One (, stylized as AS ONE), also known as AS1 in South Korea to avoid confusion with Korean girlband As One, was a Hong Kong Cantopop girl group formed by Sun Entertainment Culture and choreographer Sunny Wong.

The meaning behind the group's name is based on the concept of unity, with the members united together "as one". The group was consisted of four members; Shin, Oli, Elfa and Nata. The group promoted as a quartet for two years until Oli's departure in August 2014 to pursue her studies. Subsequently, two new members (Chloe and Kayan) joined the group in March 2015 after emerging as champions of a scouting audition. Elfa announced her temporary hiatus from the group in May 2015 due to sustained injuries. As of 15 May 2015, As One is promoting as a quartet with Shin, Nata, Chloe and Kayan.

They were trained in Korea in 2015 and made a comeback in both South Korea and Hong Kong. On the other hand, Shin participated in South Korea Mnet's survival show Produce 101 in 2016. During Shin's absence, this team is working with the remaining 3 members. The band has now disbanded.

Members

Timeline

Discography
Extended Plays
 2013: AsOnE

Cantonese Singles
 2012: "Catch Me Up"
 2013: "Red Hot Hits 2013"
 2013: "4Ever"
 2014: "Be With U"
 2014: "New Girl"
 2015: "Candy Ball"
 2016: "Hey ya"

Korean Singles
 2015: "캔디볼 (Candy Ball)"

Other Songs
 2014: "Let's Goal"

Chart performance

（*）Still charting

Music videos

Books
 2014: "Girls' Anecdotes"

Endorsements

Awards

References

External links

Category:2010s establishments in Hong Kong
Category:Cantopop musical groups
Category:Hong Kong girl groups
Category:Musical groups established in 2012
Category:Musical quartets


Solanum albidum

Solanum albidum is a species of nightshade that is native to western South America, from southern Ecuador to northern Argentina, and grows well at mid elevations in the Andes. Common names include lumo (Ecuador)  huaritar (Peru) and lavaplato plateado (Bolivia). It can be either a shrub or small tree. The plant has dull yellow berries  in diameter.

References

albidum
Category:Plants described in 1813
Category:Flora of Argentina
Category:Flora of Bolivia
Category:Flora of Ecuador
Category:Flora of Peru


Burke Badenhop

Burke Heinrich Badenhop (born February 8, 1983) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Florida Marlins, Tampa Bay Rays, Milwaukee Brewers, Boston Red Sox and Cincinnati Reds. Badenhop played college baseball at Bowling Green State University.

Early ball
Badenhop played high school baseball at Perrysburg High School in Perrysburg, Ohio under coach Dave Hall. In college, he was a team member of the Bowling Green Falcons at Bowling Green State University.

Baseball career

Detroit Tigers
Badenhop was originally drafted by the Detroit Tigers.

Florida/Miami Marlins
On December 5, 2007, he was traded to the Florida Marlins (along with Cameron Maybin; Andrew Miller; Eulogio De La Cruz; Mike Rabelo and minor league player, Dallas Trahern) for Miguel Cabrera and Dontrelle Willis. On April 9, 2008, Badenhop made his major league debut against the Washington Nationals. He had a 1-2-3 inning, which included striking out Rob Mackowiak. Badenhop made his first major league pitching start on April 13, 2008, against the Houston Astros.

Badenhop is known by teammates as "The Hopper", a nickname given to him by Marlins manager Fredi González.

On May 16, 2011, Badenhop was a part of one of the more bizarre games in the team's history against the New York Mets, which ended following Badenhop's game-winning RBI single—just his second career hit.  It was the first time that a relief pitcher had given his team the game-winning hit since Micah Owings did it in a 2008 game playing for the Cincinnati Reds.

Tampa Bay Rays

On December 12, 2011 he was traded to the Tampa Bay Rays for Jake Jefferies. Badenhop was used during the 2012 season as a long-relief pitcher and as a ground-ball specialist because of his sinker.

Milwaukee Brewers
On December 1, 2012, Badenhop was traded to the Milwaukee Brewers for Raúl Mondesí, Jr. On January 18, 2013, the Brewers announced they had avoided arbitration with Badenhop, signing him to a one-year contract worth $1.55 million.

Boston Red Sox
On November 22, 2013, Badenhop was traded to the Boston Red Sox for LHP prospect Luis Ortega.

Cincinnati Reds
On February 7, 2015, Badenhop signed a one-year, $1 million contract with the Cincinnati Reds that included a $4 million option for a second year with a $1.5 million buyout.

Texas Rangers
On April 6, 2016, Badenhop signed a minor league deal with the Texas Rangers. He was released on April 19, 2016.

Former big league reliever Burke Badenhop is joining the Diamondbacks in an interesting new baseball operations position, as Nick Piecoro of the Arizona Republic tweets. In his new role, Piecoro writes, Badenhop will perform "acquisition-based pitching analysis/sports science work."

Author
Badenhop is co-author of the book "Financial Planning For Your First Job", published by Coventry House Publishing, where he draws from his business background at Bowling Green State University.

References

External links

Category:1983 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Atlanta
Category:Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state)
Category:Major League Baseball pitchers
Category:Florida Marlins players
Category:Tampa Bay Rays players
Category:Milwaukee Brewers players
Category:Boston Red Sox players
Category:Cincinnati Reds players
Category:Bowling Green Falcons baseball players
Category:Oneonta Tigers players
Category:West Michigan Whitecaps players
Category:Lakeland Flying Tigers players
Category:Erie SeaWolves players
Category:Peoria Saguaros players
Category:Gulf Coast Marlins players
Category:Carolina Mudcats players
Category:New Orleans Zephyrs players
Category:Jupiter Hammerheads players


Lancaster Aulacogen

The Lancaster Aulacogen is a geological structure underlying Lancaster Sound and Prince Regent Inlet in the Arctic Archipelago of Nunavut, Canada. It formed as a result of extensional tectonics during the Eurekan Rifting Episode, which took place in the Canadian Arctic Rift System from the Cretaceous to the Tertiary.

References

Category:Aulacogens
Category:Geology of Nunavut


Cho Keung-yeon

Cho Keung-Yeon (, born on March 18, 1961) is a former South Korea football player. he was top scorer of K-League in 1989.

Honors and awards

Player
POSCO Atoms
 K-League Winners (1) : 1988

Individual
 K-League Regular Season Top Scorer Award (1): 1989
 K-League Best XI (1) : 1989

External links

Category:1961 births
Category:Living people
Category:Association football forwards
Category:South Korean footballers
Category:South Korea international footballers
Category:K League 1 players
Category:Pohang Steelers players
Category:Ulsan Hyundai FC players
Category:Expatriate football managers in China
Category:Yanbian Funde F.C. managers
Category:South Korean football managers