Helian Bobo

Helian Bobo (; Middle Chinese Guangyun: ; 381–425), né Liu Bobo (劉勃勃), courtesy name Qujie (屈孑), formally Emperor Wulie of Xia (夏武烈帝), was the founding emperor of the Xiongnu state Xia.  He is generally considered to be an extremely cruel ruler, one who betrayed every benefactor whom he had, and whose thirst for killing was excessive even for the turbulent times that he was in.  He built an impressive capital for his state at Tongwancheng (統萬城, in modern Yulin, Shaanxi) that remained difficult to besiege, even hundreds of years later during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.  (Confusingly, the Book of Wei refers to him as Helian Qugai (赫連屈丐), based on a derogatory term that Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei used to refer to him.)

Early life

Liu Bobo was born in 381, when his father Liu Weichen (劉衛辰) was an important Xiongnu chief and a vassal of Former Qin.  It is not known whether his mother Lady Fu was Liu Weichen's wife or concubine.  He was one of Liu Weichen's younger sons.  After Former Qin collapsed in light of various rebellions after its emperor Fu Jiān's defeat at the Battle of Fei River in 383, Liu Weichen took control of what is now part of Inner Mongolia south of the Yellow River and extreme northern Shaanxi, and while he nominally submitted to both Later Qin and Western Yan as a vassal, he was actually a powerful independent ruler.  However, in 391, he sent his son Liu Zhilidi (劉直力鞮 /conf. Chuvash Çăлтăр) to attack Northern Wei's prince Tuoba Gui, and Tuoba Gui not only defeated Liu Zhilidi, but crossed the Yellow River to attack Liu Weichen's capital Yueba (悅拔, in modern Ordos, Inner Mongolia), capturing it and forcing Liu Weichen and Liu Zhilidi to flee.  The next day, Liu Weichen was killed by his subordinates, and Liu Zhilidi was captured.  Tuoba Gui seized Liu Weichen's territory and people and slaughtered his clan.

However, Liu Bobo escaped and fled to the Xuegan (薛干) tribe, whose chief, Tai Xifu (太悉伏), refused to turn him over despite Northern Wei's demands.  Instead, Tai delivered Liu Bobo to the Xianbei tribal chief Mo Yigan (沒奕干) the Duke of Gaoping, a Later Qin vassal, and Mo Yigan not only gave Liu Bobo refuge but also married one of his daughters to Liu Bobo.  Liu Bobo, from that point on, became highly dependent on his father-in-law.  (Meanwhile, in 393, Tuoba Gui, because of Tai Xifu's refusal to deliver Liu Bobo to him, attacked Tai and slaughtered his people, although Tai himself escaped and fled to Later Qin.)  Little is known about Liu Bobo's life during the following years.  In 402, Tuoba Gui's brother Tuoba Zun (拓拔遵) the Prince of Changshan attacked Mo's homebase of Gaoping (高平, in modern Guyuan, Ningxia), and Mo was forced to flee to Later Qin, abandoning his own people, who were scattered about, although later Later Qin recaptured Gaoping and gave that city back to Mo.

Sometime before 407, Liu Bobo, who had become known for being handsome, able to speak well, alert, and intelligent, came to the attention of Later Qin's emperor Yao Xing.  Yao Xing was so impressed by Liu Bobo's abilities when he met Liu Bobo that he wanted to make him a major general to defend against Northern Wei.  Yao Xing's brother Yao Yong (姚邕), however, spoke against it, believing Liu Bobo to be untrustworthy, stating:

 Liu Bobo is arrogant toward his superiors and elders.  He is cruel to his subordinates and associates.  He is also greedy, treacherous, lacking in love, and inattentive to friendships.  He changes his attitude quickly and abandons things quickly.  If you overly trust and favor this type of person, he will surely create a disaster.

Yao Xing initially, at Yao Yong's counsel, did not give Liu Bobo a commission, but eventually was so seduced by his talent that he made him a general and the Duke of Wuyuan, giving him the responsibility of defending Shuofang (朔方, in modern Ordos).

In 407, after suffering a number of losses against Northern Wei, Yao Xing decided to make peace with Northern Wei.  Upon hearing this, Liu Bobo became angry, because his father had been killed by Northern Wei, and he planned rebellion.  He therefore forcibly seized the horses that Yujiulü Shelun (郁久閭社崙), the khan of Rouran, had recently offered to Yao Xing as a tribute, and then made a surprise attack on his father-in-law Mo Yigan, capturing Gaoping and killing Mo, seizing his troops.  He then declared himself a descendant of Yu the Great, the founder of Xia Dynasty, and named his state Xia.  He claimed the title "Heavenly King" (Tian Wang).

Early reign

Despite Liu Bobo's stated hatred for Northern Wei, however, he concentrated his efforts on undermining Later Qin, continually harassing Later Qin's northern territories and draining Later Qin's resources.  He therefore did not settle in a capital city; rather, he roved about with his mobile cavalry, constantly looking for Later Qin cities to pillage.

Also in 407, Liu Bobo sought marriage with a daughter of the Southern Liang prince Tufa Rutan, but Tufa Rutan refused.  In anger, Liu Bobo launched a punitive raid against Southern Liang but then retreated. Tufa Rutan gave chase and, believing that he greatly outpowered Liu Bobo, was careless in his military actions. Liu Bobo led him into a canyon and then blocked the exit with ice and wagons, and then ambushed him—and the defeat was such that it was said that 60% to 70% of Southern Liang's famed officials and generals died in the battle. Tufa Rutan barely escaped capture.

In 408, Yao Xing sent his general Qi Nan (齊難) to launch a major attack on Liu Bobo.  Liu Bobo initially withdraw to let Qi believe that he feared Qi, and Liu Bobo made a surprise counter-attack and captured Qi.  Subsequently, much of Later Qin's northern territories fell into Xia hands.

In 409, Yao Xing himself launched an attack on Liu Bobo, but when he reached Ercheng (貳城, in modern Yan'an, Shaanxi), he was nearly trapped by Liu Bobo, and escaped only after major casualties.  This defeat forced Yao Xing to cancel a mission, commanded by his general Yao Qiang (姚強), to try to save Southern Yan from being destroyed by Jin.  (Without Later Qin aid, Southern Yan fell in 410.)  For the next several years, Xia and Later Qin forces battled constantly, often inconclusively, but with the wars becoming much more costly to Later Qin than Xia, with Southern Liang and Western Qin no longer being willing to be Later Qin vassals as a result.  In 412, when Western Qin's prince Qifu Gangui was assassinated by his nephew Qifu Gongfu (乞伏公府), Liu Bobo considered attacking Western Qin despite its status as an ally, but at the counsel of his advisor Wang Maide (王買德) did not do so.

By 413, Liu Bobo finally resolved to build a capital—one that he wanted to make absolutely impenetrable.  He commissioned his cruel general Chigan Ali (叱干阿利) as the chief architect of the capital, which he named Tongwan—because, as he stated, he wanted to unite China and be the lord of 10,000 states.  ("Tong" means "unite," while "wan" means 10,000.)  Chigan ordered that the soil used in constructing the wall be steamed, so that it would be hardened and difficult to attack, and he often tested the walls during its construction; if an iron wedge were able to insert even one inch deep into the wall, the workmen who were in charge of that section of wall would be executed, and their bodies would be stuffed into the wall.  Further, Liu Bobo himself ordered that when weapons and armors are made, that some of the metalsmiths would be executed—because his orders were, for example, that arrows should be shot at armors; if the arrows could penetrate the armors, the smiths who forged the armors would be executed, and if the arrows could not penetrate the armors, then the smiths who made the arrows would be executed.  As a result of this bloodshed, however, Tongwan became a highly defensible city, and the weapons and armors that he had were all of exceedingly high quality.

Also in 413, Liu Bobo believed that his family name should be changed—since his ancestors took on the Liu family name from the Han Dynasty imperial house, believing that one of their female ancestors was a Han princess, but Liu Bobo believed this to be improper.  He therefore changed his family name to Helian—intending it to mean that his might was so great that it would, alas (赫 hè) be connected (連 lián) to the heavens.  He also ordered the nobles to change their family name to Tiefa (鐵伐), intending it to mean that they were as strong as iron (鐵 tiě) and be able to attack (伐 fá) others.

In 414, Helian Bobo created his wife Lady Liang "Heavenly Princess."  (No further reference to the fate of his wife, Lady Mo, was recorded in history, after he killed her father.)  He created his son Helian Gui (赫連璝) crown prince, and created his other sons dukes.

In 415, Helian Bobo entered into an alliance with Juqu Mengxun, the prince of Northern Liang.

In 416, with Later Qin, now under the rule of Yao Xing's son Yao Hong, under a major attack by the Jin general Liu Yu, Helian Bobo believed that Later Qin would fall to Jin, but that Jin would not be easily able to hold Later Qin's capital region -- Guanzhong.  He therefore intensified his own attacks on Later Qin as well, and preparing to use the opportunity of Later Qin's destruction to seize more territory.  As Later Qin neared destruction, Helian Bobo seized its western territory, centering Anding (安定, in modern Pingliang, Gansu), and then prepared for an eventual confrontation with Jin forces, which destroyed Later Qin in 417 and captured its capital Chang'an.

In winter 417, Liu Yu, intent on wanting to seize the Jin throne, left Chang'an under the command of his 11-year-old son Liu Yizhen (劉義真), and while he left several able generals to assist Liu Yizhen, those generals soon conflicted with each other and were killing each other—and eventually, LIu Yizhen, believing that the main assistant Liu Yu left him, Wang Xiu (王脩), to be about to rebel, had Wang executed.  Meanwhile, Helian Bobo sent his crown prince Helian Gui, another son Helian Chang, and Wang Maide to command armies south, not initially engaging Jin forces but isolating Chang'an from the rest of Jin territory—a task made easier when Liu Yizhen recalled Jin forces near Chang'an all to Chang'an.  Liu Yu, hearing this, sent his general Zhu Lingshi (朱齡石) to replace Liu Yizhen and recalled Liu Yizhen, but as soon as Liu Yizhen and his troops left Chang'an, they were intercepted and crushed by Xia forces under Helian Gui.  Liu Yizhen barely escaped, but the vast majority of the army was captured.  Helian Bobo stacked the skulls of the Jin dead into a hill-like structure.  Meanwhile, the people of Chang'an, who were angry that Liu Yizhen's forces pillaged the city before leaving, expelled Zhu, allowing Helian Bobo to enter Chang'an easily.  Helian Bobo then claimed the title of emperor.

Late reign

Most of Helian Bobo's officials suggested that he move the capital to Chang'an, but he, believing that Tongwan was in a better position to defend against Northern Wei, refused and kept his capital at Tongwan, leaving Helian Gui in charge of Chang'an as viceroy.

The campaign against Jin showcased Helian Bobo's abilities, but at this time, he also grew increasingly cruel.  He was described by traditional historians in this way:

 He was arrogant and cruel, treating the people like wild plants and mustard greens.  He often climbed up towers with bows and arrows, and whenever he had a sudden thought of distrust, dislike, or anger at a person, he would kill that person personally.  If any of his officials looked at him in a gazing manner, he would gouge out their eyes.  Anyone who laughed frivolously would have their lips sliced open with knives.  Anyone who dared to offer a contrary opinion would first have his tongue cut out and then head cut off.

In 424, for reasons lost to history, Helian Bobo decided to depose Crown Prince Gui and appoint another son, Helian Lun (赫連倫) the Duke of Jiuquan, a crown prince.  Upon hearing this news, Helian Gui commanded his troops north from Chang'an and attacked Helian Lun.  Their forces met at Gaoping, and Helian Gui defeated and killed Helian Lun.  However, Helian Lun's brother Helian Chang then made a surprise attack on Helian Gui, killing him and seizing his troops, leading them back to Tongwan.  Helian Bobo was pleased and created Helian Chang crown prince.

In summer 425, Helian Bobo died.  Helian Chang succeeded him.

Era names

 Longsheng (龍升 lóng shēng) 407-413
 Fengxiang (鳳翔 fèng xiáng) 413-418
 Changwu (昌武 chāng wǔ) 418-419
 Zhenxing (真興 zhēn xīng) 419-425

Personal information

 Father
 Liu Weichen (劉衛臣), Xiongnu chief, posthumously honored as Emperor Huan
 Mother
 Lady Fu, posthumously honored as Empress Huanwen
 Wives
 Lady Poduoluo（破多罗夫人）, daughter of Xianbei chief Mo Yigan (沒奕干)
 Empress Liang (created 414)
 Children
 Helian Gui (赫連璝), the Crown Prince (appointed 414, killed in battle by Helian Chang 424)
 Helian Yan (赫連延), the Duke of Yangping (appointed 414)
 Helian Chang (赫連昌), initially the Duke of Taiyuan (appointed 414), later Crown Prince (appointed 424), later emperor
 Helian Lun (赫連倫), the Duke of Jiuquan (appointed 414, killed in battle by Helian Gui 424)
 Helian Ding (赫連定), initially the Duke of Pingyuan (appointed 414), later the Prince of Pingyuan, later emperor
 Helian Man (赫連滿), the Duke of Henan (appointed 414, killed by Northern Wei forces 427)
 Helian An (赫連安), the Duke of Zhongshan (appointed 414)
 Helian Zhuxing (赫連助興)
 Helian Weiyidai (赫連謂以代)
 Helian Shegan (赫連社干), the Duke of Shanggu
 Helian Duluogu (赫連度洛孤), the Duke of Guangyang
 Helian Wushiba (赫連烏視拔), the Duke of Danyang
 Helian Tugu (赫連禿骨), the Duke of Wuling
 Princess, later Empress Helian of Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei
 Princess, later consort of Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei
 Princess, later consort of Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei

Notes

References
 Book of Wei, v.95
 Book of Jin, v.130
 Zizhi Tongjian, v.114-120

Category:Xia emperors
Category:381 births
Category:425 deaths
Category:Later Qin generals
Category:People from Ordos
Category:Generals from Inner Mongolia


Golf del Sur

Golf del Sur is a holiday resort and golf course situated in Tenerife, Canary Islands within the municipality of San Miguel de Abona.

In 1989, 1992, 1993 and 1994, Golf del Sur hosted the Tenerife Open tournament.

History

Originally a private urbanisation built along with the Golf del Sur golf course, the resort of Golf del Sur occupies  and is now a holiday and residential village just a few kilometres from the Tenerife South Airport.

Tourism

Golf del Sur has developed tremendously in recent years and now is one of the major tourism resorts in Tenerife. Being situated alongside a golf course and marina, Golf del Sur has evolved into a more tranquil holiday environment than its busier neighbours of Los Cristianos and Playa de las Américas.

Marina San Miguel

Marina San Miguel is a new marina built between the resorts of Golf del Sur and Amarilla Golf on the south Tenerife coast. It is an active marina providing berths for private yachts and other vessels, and enabling extended tourism facilities such as yacht charters and undersea submarine excursions.

References

External links

Municipal website(ES)
Marina San Miguel website

Category:Golf clubs and courses in Spain
Category:Sports venues in the Canary Islands
Category:Tenerife
Category:Companies of the Canary Islands


Shuswap-Revelstoke

Shuswap-Revelstoke was a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia from 1979 to 1991.  The riding was formed by merging the northern portions of the Revelstoke-Slocan riding with the Shuswap riding.  The successor riding for the Revelstoke area is the current Columbia River-Revelstoke riding.

For other historical and current ridings in the region see Kootenay (electoral districts) and Okanagan (electoral districts).

Demographics

Political geography

Electoral history

|Progressive Conservative
|Harold A. Smiley
|align="right"|1,557
|align="right"|7.01%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|22,219
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|293
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|New Democrat
|William Stewart King
|align="right"|12,340
|align="right"|45.56%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Liberal
|Basil Edward Studer
|align="right"|642
|align="right"|2.37%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|27,084
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|320
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|New Democrat
|Gordon S. Priestman
|align="right"|10,768
|align="right"|44.40
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Liberal
|Basil Edward Studer
|align="right"|786
|align="right"|3.24%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|24,253
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|452
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

Following the 1986 election the area was redistributed.  The Shuswap area became the Shuswap riding while the Revelstoke area became part of Columbia River-Revelstoke.

Sources

Elections BC Historical Returns

Category:Defunct British Columbia provincial electoral districts


Denticetopsis macilenta

Denticetopsis macilenta is a species of whale catfish endemic to Guyana where it is only known from a limited area in the Essequibo River basin.  This species grows to a length of 6.7 cm (2.6 inches).

References

Category:Cetopsidae
Category:Catfish of South America
Category:Endemic fauna of Guyana
Category:Fish of Guyana
Category:Fish described in 1912


Colleen Doran

Colleen Doran is an American writer-artist and cartoonist. She illustrated hundreds of comics, graphic novels, books and magazines, including the autobiographical graphic novel of Marvel Comics editor and writer Stan Lee entitled Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee, which became a New York Times bestseller. She adapted and did the art for the short story "Troll Bridge" by Neil Gaiman, which also became a "New York Times" bestseller. Her books have received Eisner, Harvey, and International Horror Guild Awards.

She illustrated the works of Neil Gaiman, Alan Moore, Warren Ellis, Joe R. Lansdale, Anne Rice, J. Michael Straczynski, Peter David and Tori Amos.

Notable credits include: The Sandman, Wonder Woman, Legion of Superheroes, Teen Titans, The Vampire Diaries comics, Walt Disney's Beauty and the Beast, and her space opera series, A Distant Soil.

She was one of two people listed among the top 25 female comic creators of all-time in both the writer and artist categories, ranking #7 among artists and #21 among writers. Comics Alliance listed Doran as one of twelve women cartoonists deserving of lifetime achievement recognition.

Early work
At age five, Doran won an art contest sponsored by the Walt Disney Company. Doran created her comic book series, A Distant Soil, at age twelve.

Doran landed her first work for an advertising agency at age fifteen. She attended Christopher Newport University and the Art Institute of Pittsburgh and used her professional works for curriculum credit. Science fiction artist Frank Kelly Freas was her mentor, and she apprenticed with him in the early 1980s.

She broke into the comic book industry when still a teenager, scouted by Tom Long for his fanzine Graphic Showcase. Long hired Doran to draw a revival of the 1940s character Miss Fury. Underage Doran quit the assignment due to its adult content. She also contributed illustrations to the Hugo Award nominated fanzine Lan's Lantern.

A Distant Soil was published in fanzines as early as 1979, then scouted by The Donning Company Starblaze imprint before it was contracted by WaRP Graphics. Doran left the company after nine issues due to an acrimonious dispute with WaRP, which attempted to claim copyright and trademark on her work. The WaRP version of the story has never been reprinted despite its unusual all-pencil style, and Doran's ownership of the publishing rights.

Career
Doran discarded the 300 pages of work she did at Warp, and rewrote and redrew the entire A Distant Soil story from scratch, first with Donning, then as a self-publisher. A 1000-page long-form comics narrative, it has been published by Image Comics since 1996.  It sold more than 700,000 copies in multiple printings. The production archives were destroyed by the printer, and an extensive restoration process brought the series back to publication in 2013.

Doran was scouted by Keith Giffen to work at DC Comics after he saw her work in the Legion of Superheroes fanzine Interlac. They went on to become frequent collaborators at DC on The Legion of Superheroes projects, Justice League 3001, and the series Reign of the Zodiac. Her art also appeared in Amethyst, Princess of Gemworld #12, multiple issues of Who's Who in the DC Universe and Who's Who in the Legion of Superheroes, Superman: Man of Steel Gallery, Christmas with the DC Superheroes, Captain Atom, Star Trek, and Hawkman Annual. She did art for several Teen Titans and Wonder Woman projects.

She illustrated portions of the "Dream Country" and "A Game of You" story arcs in Neil Gaiman's The Sandman series. The character Thessaly in Neil Gaiman's Sandman is based on Doran. Other Vertigo appearances include Shade, The Changing Man, Lucifer (DC Comics), Transmetropolitan and the original graphic novel Orbiter (comics) written by Warren Ellis.

Doran's premiere at Marvel Comics was in 1986, Swords of the Swashbucklers #9 and 11, with issue 11 having the dubious distinction of being one of the books confiscated in the 1986 Friendly Franks "obscene" comics raid that precipitated the formation of the Comic Book Legal Defense Fund. Swords of the Swashbucklers was eventually excluded from the prosecution proceedings.

Doran worked on other projects at Marvel including The Guardians of the Galaxy Annual #3, The Silver Surfer, Marvel Fanfare, Excalibur #28, Captain America: Drug Wars, Amazing Spider-Man, Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man, a Power Pack mini-series, Handbook of the Marvel Universe, Mutant X, X-Factor, Marvel Girl Comics, and X-Men Millennial Visions for which she wrote and drew an entry. She also worked in the Special Projects Department on promotional, educational, and greeting card art, sometimes working directly with Stan Lee.

At Marvel Comics' Epic division, she worked on Clive Barker's Nightbreed #21 and #22 as interior and cover artist, and Clive Barker's Hellraiser #5 and #14, as artist and colorist.

Doran was a web columnist for Wizard Magazine in the early 1990s, and illustrated Super Idol for Warren Ellis in 2001, an early webcomics format experiment at Artbomb.

Doran is featured in the films Ringers (a documentary about The Lord of the Rings fans), Scenes From the Small Press: Colleen Doran by Rich Henn, Sex, Lies and Superheroes, the documentary The Cartoonist about Bone creator Jeff Smith, and Captured Ghosts, a documentary about writer Warren Ellis. She was also featured in the Dec. 12, 2011 episode of "Stalked: Someone's Watching," a Discovery ID television series that profiles stalking incidents, focusing on interviews with victims.

Doran worked as a creator rights activist and as a lobbyist in  Washington D.C., and served on the advocacy committee of the  Graphic Artists Guild. Lecture venues include the Smithsonian Institution, The Singapore Writers Festival, the Comics Masterclass in Sydney, Australia, and the Maryland Institute College of Art. She spoke at CREATE: Protecting Creativity from  the Ground Up at the Newseum in Washington DC, with Congresswoman Marsha  Blackburn, Rick Carnes President of the Songwriters Guild of America, musician Suzanne Vega, and other artists and technology policy specialists.

2010s
Doran illustrated young adult novelist Barry Lyga's first graphic novel for Houghton Mifflin, Mangaman in 2011.

Gone to Amerikay, a graphic novel drawn by Doran and written by Derek McCulloch, was released in 2012 from DC/Vertigo. It is a "multi-generational Irish saga." Gone to Amerikay themed cover art was featured in the St. Patrick's Day edition of the Irish Echo, which was then presented to President Barack Obama by Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness of Northern Ireland. An excerpt from Gone to Amerikay was chosen for inclusion in The Best American Comics 2013.

Doran produced cover art for The Walking Dead #1 (2015, Image Comics), Red Sonja (Dynamite, 2014), Marvel's S.H.I.E.L.D. #4 (2015), and Squirrel Girl #7 (2016). For DC Comics, she wrote and drew stories for The Vampire Diaries (2014), based on the TV show, and art for Justice League 3001 #6, 9 and 10 (2015-2016). For IDW's Womanthology (2012), she contributed biographical essays about classic cartoonists Rose O'Neill and Ethel Hays.

In 2015, she illustrated the autobiography Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee, co-written by Lee and Peter David.

With Alan Moore, she did the art for Big Nemo, a dystopian sequel to Winsor McCay's Little Nemo in Slumberland, as a webcomic for the Electricomics app.

She did the art for an adaptation of Neil Gaiman's short story "Troll Bridge" as a graphic novel for Dark Horse, released in October 2016. She also worked on issues of Faith and X-O Manowar for Valiant Comics. She produced work for the adaptation of Neil Gaiman's American Gods. She is the artist for the series Finality with Warren Ellis at Line Webtoon.

In 2019, Dark Horse Comics published Doran's adaptation of Neil Gaiman's "Snow, Glass, Apples" which was described by "The Comics Journal" as a work which "...solidifies her place as one of the greatest cartoonists of her generation." The Horror Writers Association nominated "Snow, Glass, Apples" for the Bram Stoker Superior Achievement in a Graphic Novel award for 2019.

Bibliography

Awards and honors
 Bram Stoker Award Superior Achievement in a Graphic Novel Nominee, Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Horror Writers Association 2019
 Wizard World Hall of Legends 2017
 Great Graphic Novels for Teens 2017 Nominee Non-Fiction: Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee, Stan Lee, Peter David, Colleen Doran, Young Adult Library Services Association 2017
 The Best American Comics 2013: Gone to Amerikay excerpt, Derek McCulloch and Colleen Doran, Houghton Mifflin
 Hugo Award Nominee: Chicks Dig Comics, Best Related Work 2013 (Group Nomination)
 Great Graphic Novels for Teens Fiction: Mangaman 2012, Young Adult Library Services Association
 Best Adult Books for Teens: Gone to Amerikay, Derek McCulloch and Colleen Doran, School Library Journal 2012
 Eisner Award Winner: Tori Amos Comic Book Tattoo (anthology) 2009, Best Anthology (Group Award)
 Harvey Award Winner: Tori Amos Comic Book Tattoo (anthology) 2009, Best Anthology (Group Award)
 International Horror Guild Award: The Nightmare Factory (anthology) 2008, Best Illustrated Narrative (Group Award)
 Eisner Award Winner: Best Archival Collection/Project Comic Books, Absolute Sandman ,Vol 1 (Group Award)
 Women Cartoonist's Hall of Fame, 2007, Friends of Lulu
 Artist In Residence, Smithsonian Institution May 6–14, 2006 "Capricious Comics", Freer/Sackler Galleries, The Smithsonian Museums of Asian Art
 Comics Buyer's Guide Fan Award Top Ten Nominee: Favorite Penciler, Favorite Inker, Favorite Cover Artist, Favorite Comic Book A Distant Soil 2004
 Chesley Award Nominee, Monochrome Work Unpublished 2002
 American Library Association 2002 featured speaker
 Gaylactic Spectrum Award Nominee, A Distant Soil, Best Other Work 2001
 Guest of Honor, San Diego Comic Con 1998
 3rd Annual Japan-US Manga Symposium, Tokyo 1996, Tezuka Productions
 Eisner Award Nominee: Sandman, Best Serialized story 1993 (Group Nomination)
 Eisner Award Winner: Sandman, Best Continuing Series 1993 (Group Award)
 Eisner Award Winner: Sandman, Best Continuing Series 1992 (Group Award)
 Eisner Award Nominee: Sandman: Dream Country, Best Graphic Album Reprint 1992 (Group Nomination)
 Dori Seda Award Nominee: Most Promising New Female Cartoonist 1988

Notable works
Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee (2015) original graphic novel artist
Amazing Spider-Man #326 (1989)
Amazing Spider-Man #600 (2009)
Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man Annual #1 (2007)
Amazing Spider-Man Epic Collection: Cosmic Adventures (2013)
Spider-Man: Died In Your Arms Tonight (2009)
Spider-Man: The Other (2006)
Spider-Man: Back In Black hardcover (2007)
Spider-Man: Back in Black TPB (2008)
Art of He-Man and Masters of the Universe (2015) Dark Horse Books,
She-Ra Princess of Power DVD insert art (2006) A Navarre Corporation
Art of Star Wars Galaxy, Vol 2.  (1994) Berkeley Publishing Group,
Star Wars Galaxy Magazine #4
Star Wars Galaxy 4 Trading Cards
Star Wars Galactic Files 2 Trading Cards
Star Wars Clone Wars Trading Cards
 Walt Disney's Beauty and the Beast: A Tale of Enchantment (1992) Disney Comics
 Disney Adventures
Disney Cartoon Tales: Beauty and the Beast, a Tale of Enchantment (1991) W.D. Publications
Disney's Beauty and the Beast Junior Graphic Novel (1992)
 Disney Princess Treasury Volume I (2015) Joe Books
 A Princess Treasury (Step Into Reading) (2010) Random House
 The Book of Lost Souls (2005) Marvel Comics/Icon series artist issue #1-6
The Book of Lost Souls: Introductions All Around (2006) Marvel Comics compilation of comics issues 1-6
 A Distant Soil graphic novel editions:
 Late-1980s original color editions:
 A Distant Soil: Immigrant Song Donning/Starblaze (1987)
 A Distant Soil: Knights of the Angel Donning/Whitford Press (1989)
 1990s and on black and white reprints:
 A Distant Soil: The Gathering Image Comics (1997) compilation of comic issues 1–13
 A Distant Soil: The Ascendant Image Comics (1998) compilation of comic issues 15–25
 A Distant Soil: The Aria Image Comics (2001) compilation of comic issues 26–31
 A Distant Soil: Coda Image Comics (2005) compilation of comic issues 32–38  hardcover, November 2005,
 2013 and on Digital Remasters and new editions:
 A Distant Soil: The Gathering TPB Volume I Image Comics/Shadowline (2013) digitally remastered compilation of issues 1–13 with new story content
 A Distant Soil: The Ascendant TPB Volume II Image Comics/Shadowline (2014) digitally remastered compilation of issues 14-25 with new story content
Justice League 3001 #6,9,10 (2015-2016) DC Comics full issue and short stories
Justice League 3001 Volume I: Deja Vu All Over Again (2016)
The Legion of Superheroes Vol 3 #27 (1986) DC Comics
Tales of the Legion of Superheroes #352 DC Comics
The Legion of Superheroes Vol 4 #31 (1992) and #100 (1996)DC Comics
The Legion of Superheroes Annual #5 (1994) #6 (1995) DC Comics
Who’s Who in the Legion of Super-Heroes #1-5, #7 (1988) DC Comics
Legionnaires #8 (1993) DC Comics
Valor #14–23 (1994/5) DC Comics
Teen Titans Spotlight #19 (1985) DC Comics
New Teen Titans Annual #4 (1988) DC Comics
The Teen Titans Omnibus #3 (2012) DC Comics 978-1401238452
 Manga, Anime, Manhwa
 Mangaman  (2011) Houghton Mifflin original graphic novel artist
 Komacon - 2013 Image Comics/Shadowline writer original short story anthology
Robotech Art II (1987) Donning Co Publishers, primary illustrator
Robotech Art II (1987) promotional poster art
Girl to Grrrl Manga: How to Draw the Hottest Shoujo Manga Impact Books, writer/artist
Manga Pro Superstar Impact Books. writer/artist
Manga Mania: How to Draw Japanese Comics Watson-Guptill art book illustrations
Anime Mania Watson-Guptill art book illustrations
Call Me Princess CPM Manga cover art
Aquarium CPM Manga cover
 Anne Rice’s The Master of Rampling Gate: A Graphic Tale of Unspeakable Horror (1991) Innovation graphic novel adaptation ASIN B00SB53P62
Orbiter original graphic novel artist (2003) DC Comics/Wildstorm HC
Orbiter (2004) DC Comics/Vertigo TPB
Ocean/Orbiter Deluxe Edition (2015) DC Comics/Vertigo HC
 Sandman #20, #34 DC Comics/ Vertigo
Sandman Volume III: Dream Country (1995)(2010) DC Comics/Vertigo
The Absolute Sandman Volume I (2006) DC Comics/Vertigo
The Absolute Sandman Volume II (2007) DC Comics/Vertigo
Sandman: A Gallery of Dreams (1994) DC Comics/Vertigo ASIN B002EAHJN0
The Death Gallery (1996) DC Comics/Vertigo
Sandman 20th Anniversary Poster (2008)
Sandman Omnibus Volume 1 (2013) DC Comics/Vertigo
Death: Deluxe Edition (2012) DC Comics/Vertigo
Absolute Death (2009) DC Comics/Vertigo
Vertigo Visions: Ten Years on the Edge (2003) Watson Guptill
Lucifer #62 DC Comics/Vertigo
Lucifer: Volume 10: Morningstar (2006) DC Comics/Vertigo
 The Vampire Diaries #1,3 (writer) #6 (writer/artist) (2013) DC Comics
 The Vampire Diaries (2014) DC Comics graphic novel compilation, writer artist anthology, pinup
 Wonder Woman #44, #49 DC Comics
Wonder Woman Annual #2 DC Comics
Wonder Woman: The Once and Future Story (1998) DC Comics original graphic novel

Exhibits
 Four Color Images Gallery, New York, NY
 Kunstlerhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
 Porto, Portugal
 Secession Gallery, Vienna, Austria
 Gijon Cultural Center, Gijon, Spain
 San Francisco Cartoon Art Museum, San Francisco, CA
 Museum of Cartoon Art, Rye Brook, New York
 Gallery Nucleus: 20 Years of Sandman 2008
 Gallery Nucleus: A Handful of Dust, 25 Years of Sandman
 Krannert Art Museum; Out of Sequence: Underrepresented Voices in American Comics
 Laboratory of Art and Ideas at Belmar; Out of Sequence

References

External links

Category:American female comics artists
Category:Female comics writers
Category:Living people
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Tolkien artists
Category:American comics writers
Category:20th-century American women writers
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)


Gilles Klopman

Gilles Klopman (February 24, 1933 – January 10, 2015) was the Charles F. Mabery Professor of Research in Chemistry, Oncology and Environmental Health Sciences Director of the Laboratory for Decision Support Methodologies at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and Adjunct Professor of Environmental and Occupational Health, (University of Pittsburgh)

Dr. Klopman was educated in Belgium and the United States in theoretical chemistry, physical organic chemistry
(L. es Sc., University of Brussels (Belgium), 1956, Dr. es Sc., University of Brussels, 1960, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Texas, 1965–66)

Structure-Activity Studies of Biologically Active Molecules
Professor Klopman’s work has involved the evaluation of chemical reactivity and includes experimental determination of reactivity indices and substituent constants to the development of reactivity theories . He has contributed significantly to the concept of charge and orbital controlled reactions where his work is widely used to explain the ambident selectivity of nucleophiles and links the linear free energy type correlations to more fundamental chemical concepts. In the field of quantum mechanics and computers he has designed and programmed the first semi-empirical method for the calculation of the properties of saturated molecules that later became known as MINDO.

His work also encompasses problems of artificial intelligence and its general use to correlate biological data and he has been involved in developing software to represent and manipulate chemical data.

Lately his efforts have focused primarily on the determination of quantitative structure activity relationships in both carcinogenic and chemotherapeutic agents, consisting of developing computer simulations of the actions of drugs, seeking correlations between the chemical structure of the drugs and their activity in order to produce better antitumor agents.

His work has also helped to develop quantitative relationships between the nature and intensity of odors and their chemical structure for the perfume industry. (adapted from the CWRU website for the Dept of Chemistry listed below)

See also
Klopman-Salem equation

External links
Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio [College of Arts & Sciences]

List of publications

Category:Theoretical chemists
Category:21st-century American chemists
Category:Living people
Category:1933 births


Shannon Baker

Shannon Baker (born 30 January 1980) is a New Zealand-born English rugby union player. She played for  at the 2006 Women's Rugby World Cup.

Baker played rugby league for the New Zealand Maori women's team.

References

Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:New Zealand female rugby league players
Category:English female rugby union players
Category:Female rugby league players
Category:Female rugby union players
Category:New Zealand emigrants to the United Kingdom


Darcísio Perondi

Darcisio Paulo Perondi (born 2 April 1947) is a Brazilian politician and pediatrician. He has spent his political career representing São Paulo, having served as federal deputy representative from 1995 to 2011 and from 2015.

Personal life
Before entering politics in 1993 Perondi worked as a pediatricians at the local hospital in Ijuí.

Political career
Perondi voted in favor of the impeachment against then-president Dilma Rousseff and political reformation. He would later vote in against opening a corruption investigation against Rousseff's successor Michel Temer, and voted in favor of the 2017 Brazilian labor reforms.

Perondi was initially not elected to the federal deputy in the 2018, but was chosen as Osmar Terra's successor in the legislature  after the latter was appointed to president-elect Jair Bolsonaro's cabinet.

References

Category:1947 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Ijuí
Category:Brazilian pediatricians
Category:Brazilian Democratic Movement politicians
Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil) from Rio Grande do Sul
Category:Members of the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul


Brent Knoll

Brent Knoll is a  hill on the Somerset Levels, in Somerset, England. It is located roughly halfway between Weston-super-Mare and Bridgwater,  from the Bristol Channel coast at Burnham-on-Sea. At the foot of the hill are two villages East Brent and Brent Knoll, which takes its name from the hill but was previously called South Brent. The hill's size and isolated position on the levels mean that it dominates the landscape and can be seen for many miles, and its prominence is emphasised to travellers because the Bristol to Taunton railway line, M5 motorway, A370 and A38 roads all pass within a mile or less from its base.

Toponymy
The word 'knoll' usually means a small hill or hill-top. The origin of the name Brent is unclear. The name may derive from the word "brant" meaning "steep" in Old English,
although other suggestions have been put forward,
such as from a word meaning burnt in Old English, suggesting that the settlement was at some time burnt by the Danes.
Another proposal is that the name comes from a Celtic term meaning "high place".
Another possibility is that the name of Brent simply derives from the local river, the Brent, which gives its name to a Somerset hundred.

Geology
An isolated hill, Brent Knoll is an example of denudation – waters of the Bristol Channel eroded surrounding features leaving just the Blue Lias rocks from the Jurassic period capped with Midford Sands of the Bridport Formation.

Travel
Brent Knoll used to have a railway station but it closed in 1971.

History

Brent Knoll has seen human settlement since at least the Bronze Age. Brent Knoll Camp  is an Iron Age hill fort, with multiple ramparts (multivallate) following the contours of the hill, broken only by the main entrance on the eastern side.

Before the Somerset Levels were drained, Brent Knoll was an island, known as the Isle (or Mount) of Frogs, that provided a safe haven from the water and marshes.
According to legend, Ider son of Nuth, who was one of King Arthur's knights, came to the Mount of Frogs on a quest to slay three giants who lived there.
The fort has been claimed as the site of Mons Badonicus.

See also

Geology of Somerset

References

Category:Hills of Somerset
Category:Sedgemoor
Category:Somerset Levels


Arbach (Swabian Rezat)

Arbach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Swabian Rezat near Pleinfeld in the Middle Franconian district Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen.

The Arbach rises at an altitude of  above sea level at Walting in Pleinfeld and feeds there the pond Bachweiher. To the north-east of the wood field sector Totenleite, it is fed on its right side by the Arbachgraben, which is coming from the north from Kreisstraße WUG 16 . It flows further north along the Celtic Viereckschanze and then south of the hill Weingartner Berg ( above sea level) and finally flows at a height of  above sea level in Pleinfeld, north of the street Zollgasse, from the right into the Swabian Rezat.

See also
List of rivers of Bavaria

Category:Rivers of Bavaria
Category:Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen
Category:Rivers of Germany


Beuca

Beuca is a commune in Teleorman County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Beuca and Plopi. These were part of Drăcșenei Commune until 2004, when they were split off.

References

Category:Communes in Teleorman County


KJMC

KJMC (89.3 FM) is a non-commercial educational radio station serving the Des Moines, Iowa area with an Urban Adult Contemporary format.  KJMC is owned by Minority Communications, Inc.

The station was originally licensed as KLNQ on November 2, 1998, replacing KUCB-FM after Minority Communications successfully challenged its license in a seven-year battle. It changed its callsign to KJMC on March 1, 1999, when it launched.

KJMC is the Des Moines market affiliate for the Tom Joyner Morning Show and the D. L. Hughley Show.  Since KJMC is a non-commercial station, the national commercials are replaced with music, public service announcements and underwriting announcements from local businesses.

See also
List of community radio stations in the United States

External links

JMC
Category:Community radio stations in the United States


Rooty Toot Toot

Rooty Toot Toot is a 1951 black comedy musical animated short film, directed by John Hubley.  It was released by Columbia Pictures and produced by UPA.  In 1994 it was voted #41 of the 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time by members of the animation field.
It received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1951, but lost out to Tom and Jerry's 6th award-winning cartoon The Two Mouseketeers.   Annette Warren provides the voices of both Frankie and Nelly Bly.  Thurl Ravenscroft is the voice of Johnny and Honest John the Crook.

Summary
The short retells the classic popular song "Frankie and Johnny". Frankie is on trial for the murder of her piano-playing lover, Johnny. The prosecuting attorney accuses her of shooting Johnny "rooty toot toot/right in the snoot." Nellie Bly the singer ("That's a lie! That's a lie! She's no singer!" shouts Frankie) claims she witnessed the shooting. The case is looking bad for Frankie until her lawyer, Honest John the Crook, spins a wild story  involving innocent Frankie, a jealous Johnny, and an incredible ricochet. Honest John then declares that if Frankie were free, he would take her for his wife. The jury convenes and finds Frankie "not guilty." Frankie is thrilled, until she sees Honest John walking away with Nellie Bly. She quickly picks up Exhibit A (the gun) and shoots Honest John "rooty toot toot/right in the snoot" in front of the entire court room. The prosecuting attorney celebrates as the police escort Frankie to jail.

References

External links

Rooty Toot Toot at the Big Cartoon Database

Category:Films about death
Category:1951 animated films
Category:American short films
Category:American films
Category:American courtroom films
Category:Films directed by John Hubley
Category:UPA films
Category:1950s American animated films
Category:1951 films
Category:Columbia Pictures animated short films
Category:Columbia Pictures short films
Category:American black comedy films


Bernie Simpson

Bernie Simpson (born May 31, 1942) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1991 to 1996, as a NDP member for the constituency of Vancouver-Fraserview. In 2001, Bernie formed a partnership with a well-known personal injury lawyer, Anthony Thomas, and the firm became Simpson, Thomas & Associates.

Early career
In 1991, Simpson was elected to the British Columbia Legislature for the Constituency of Vancouver-Fraserview. During his term as a Provincial Member of the Legislature, he set out to ensure that Bike Helmet Legislation, was enacted into law. This would be the most progressive Bike Helmet Legislation in Canada. The persistence of enacting that Legislation was influenced by a case that he worked on before being elected where a young girl suffered a serious brain injury while riding her bicycle in Surrey without wearing a bike helmet. In order to ensure that the victims of car accidents have the best possible rehabilitation, Bernie has traveled to many parts of the world to setup rehabilitation programs.

References

Category:1942 births
Category:British Columbia New Democratic Party MLAs
Category:Living people
Category:Politicians from Vancouver


2016 Connecticut Democratic primary

The 2016 Connecticut Democratic primary were held on April 26 in the U.S. state of Connecticut as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

The Democratic Party's primaries in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island were held the same day, as are Republican primaries in the same five states, including their own Connecticut primary.

Opinion polling

Results

Results by county

Analysis
Clinton managed a five-point-win in Connecticut, a state she had narrowly lost to Barack Obama eight years earlier. She relied on turnout in larger cities, including Hartford (which she won 51-47), New Haven, and Bridgeport. She managed a large win in Greenwich, bolstered by support from more affluent Democrats and won in the New York City suburbs as a whole 59-40. Sanders held Clinton to a narrow margin statewide, thanks to his support in rural areas which he won 63-37.

In terms of demographics, Clinton won the African American vote 69-30, older voters 62-35, and the votes of women 57-41. Clinton also won women with children 55-44, and women without children 58-40. Sanders won the youth vote by an overwhelming margin of 66-34, the votes of men 55-43, and won the Caucasian vote (74% of the electorate) by a narrow 50-48 margin. Sanders won among voters with an income of less than 50k and 100k, with Clinton winning more affluent voters.

In terms of political ideology, Clinton won liberals 52-48 and moderates/conservatives 53-43. Clinton won Democrats 60-39 but lost self-identified independents to Sanders 74-23.

Clinton's stance on gun control resonated with voters in the wake of the Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting in Newtown, Connecticut.

References

Connecticut
Democratic primary
2016


China National Highway 207

China National Highway 207 (G207) runs from Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia to Hai'an, Guangdong. It is  in length and runs south from Xilinhot through Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Guangxi, and ends in Guangdong.

Route and distance

See also
 China National Highways

References

External links
Official website of Ministry of Transport of PRC

207
Category:Transport in Guangxi
Category:Transport in Guangdong
Category:Transport in Shanxi
Category:Transport in Hubei
Category:Transport in Hunan
Category:Transport in Hebei
Category:Transport in Henan
Category:Transport in Inner Mongolia


Suzanne Bonamici

Suzanne Marie Bonamici  (born October 14, 1954) is an American politician serving as the U.S. Representative for Oregon's 1st congressional district, a seat she was first elected to in a 2012 special election. The district includes most of Portland west of the Willamette River, as well as all of Yamhill, Columbia, Clatsop, and Washington counties.

A Democrat, Bonamici previously represented District 17 in the Oregon State Senate from 2008 to 2011. She was first elected to the Oregon House of Representatives in 2006.

Early life, education, and law career
Bonamici was born in Detroit and raised in a small Michigan town. She earned her bachelor's degree and J.D. from the University of Oregon, and was a legal assistant at Lane County Legal Aid in Eugene.  Following law school, she became a consumer protection attorney for the Federal Trade Commission in the nation's capital. She went into private practice in Portland and represented small businesses.

Oregon legislature

Elections
In 2006, incumbent Democratic State Representative Brad Avakian decided to retire to run for the Oregon Senate. She ran for the open seat in Oregon's 34th House District and defeated Republican Joan Draper 62%-36%.

On April 30, 2008, Bonamici was appointed by Commissioners from both Washington and Multnomah counties to represent Oregon's 17th Senate District. The seat became vacant when Avakian was appointed Commissioner of the Oregon Bureau of Labor and Industries. She was sworn in on May 19, 2008.

Bonamici was unopposed in the November 2008 special election for the balance of Avakian's four-year term, and was elected with 97 percent of the vote. In 2010, she won re-election with 64% of the vote.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections
Special election

In early 2011, Bonamici's name was floated as a possible successor to then-Congressman David Wu after The Oregonian and Willamette Week reported Wu exhibited odd behavior and clashed with his staff in the midst of apparent mental illness during the 2010 election cycle. Following Wu's resignation from Congress, Bonamici announced her candidacy for the special election to replace him, touting endorsements from former Governor Barbara Roberts, former Congresswoman Elizabeth Furse, and incumbent Oregon Attorney General John Kroger, among others.

On November 8, 2011, Bonamici won the Democratic Party of Oregon's nomination, winning an outright majority of the vote in every county in the district and capturing 66% of the vote overall, with a 44-point margin over second-place finisher Brad Avakian. She faced Republican nominee Rob Cornilles in the special election on January 31, 2012, winning by a 14-point margin.

Prior to her election to Congress, Bonamici resigned from the Oregon Senate on November 21, and was replaced by Elizabeth Steiner Hayward in December.

2012 regular election

In November 2012, Bonamici won re-election to her first full term with over 60% of the vote.

Legislation

On July 31, 2014, Bonamici introduced the Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2014 (H.R. 5309; 113th Congress) into the House. The bill would authorize the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to spend $27 million a year for three years on their on-going tsunami warning and research programs.

Bonamici said "the coastlines of the United States already play an integral role in the economic prosperity of this country and we must strengthen their preparedness and resiliency so they can continue to play that role going forward." She added that this bill "will improve the country's understanding of the threat posed by tsunami events" because it will "improve forecasting and notification systems, support local community outreach and preparedness and response plans, and develop supportive technologies."

Committee assignments
Committee on Science, Space and Technology
United States House Science Subcommittee on Environment
United States House Science Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight
Committee on Education and the Workforce
Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Human Services (Chair)
Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training

Select Committee on the Climate Crisis

Caucuses memberships
Congressional STEAM Caucus
Congressional Progressive Caucus.
Congressional Arts Caucus
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus
Climate Solutions Caucus

Electoral history

* In the 2012 election, Steve Reynolds was co-nominated by the Libertarian and Pacific Green parties.

Personal life
She is married to Michael H. Simon, a federal judge. They have two children, Andrew and Sara. Bonamici was raised Episcopalian and Unitarian, and now attends synagogue with her husband, who is Jewish, and their children.

See also
 Women in the United States House of Representatives

References

External links

 Congresswoman Suzanne Bonamici official U.S. House site
 Suzanne Bonamici for Congress

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Category:1954 births
Category:21st-century American politicians
Category:21st-century American women politicians
Category:American women lawyers
Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Category:Jewish members of the United States House of Representatives
Category:Jewish women politicians
Category:Lane Community College alumni
Category:Living people
Category:Members of the Oregon House of Representatives
Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon
Category:Oregon Democrats
Category:Oregon lawyers
Category:Oregon state senators
Category:Politicians from Beaverton, Oregon
Category:Politicians from Detroit
Category:Simon family
Category:University of Oregon School of Law alumni
Category:Women in Oregon politics
Category:Women state legislators in Oregon
Category:University of Oregon alumni


James Nicol Robinson

James Nicol Robinson was a lawyer and politician in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. He was Mayor of Brisbane in 1900.

References

Category:Mayors and Lord Mayors of Brisbane


Rosewater (disambiguation)

Rosewater is the hydrosol portion of the distillate of rose petals.

Rosewater may also refer to:
Rosewater syndrome, a type of Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Rosewater, South Australia, a suburb of Adelaide
Rosewater Limited Liability Company, a homeless advocacy organization
Rosewater (film), a film based on the memoir Then They Came for Me by Maziar Bahari.
Rosewater (video game), a point and click Western adventure game by Grundislav Games

People named Rosewater
 Mark Rosewater, a game designer

Fictional characters
Amanda Rosewater, a character in the science fiction television series Defiance
God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater, a novel by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.
Eliot Rosewater, a character in the novel
Alex Rosewater, a primary villain in The Big O Anime Series

See also
  Rose Bay (disambiguation), places named Rose Bay


Arboretum de la Cude

The Arboretum de la Cude (5 hectares) is a private arboretum located about 1 km outside Mailleroncourt-Charette, Haute-Saône, Franche-Comté, France. It is open daily; an admission fee is charged.

The arboretum was established in 1995 on a site under family ownership since 1880, which had been at various times a fruit orchard and a plantation of Pseudotsuga menziesii. Today it contains about 3,000 trees and bushes representing 450 species from all continents, including a good specimen of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (planted 1900), as well as Araucaria, Ceratostigma willmottianum, Chitalpa tashkentensis, Choisya ternata, Decaisnea fargesii, Ginkgo biloba, Koelreuteria paniculata, Leycesteria formosa, Ptelea trifoliata, Sequoia, Skimmia japonica, and Zelkova carpinifolia.

See also
 List of botanical gardens in France

References
 Arboretum de la Cude
 1001 Fleurs entry (French)
 Parcs et Jardins entry (French)
 Culture.fr entry (French)

Cude, Arboretum de la
Cude, Arboretum de la


Barton Waterside

Barton Waterside is a village in North Lincolnshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Barton-upon-Humber.
Barton Waterside consists of the former port area at the north end of Barton-upon-Humber. The Community is centred on Barton Haven - a late Anglo-Saxon artificial harbour - which was dug c.1000 AD to create a reliable deep water port for the extreme north of Lindsey. It seems possible that the project was initiated by Peterborough Abbey which had interests in the parish at that time.

Barton-upon Humber was a medium-sized port in the early Middle Ages with the majority of the commercial activity being concentrated at the head of Haven close to Fleetgate and the modern day railway station. Barton declined as a port after the foundation of Kingston upon Hull c. 1300. By 1550 the port was of only local significance.

The oldest building presently surviving within the area is the Waterside Inn (now Waterside House) built in 1715. This was the southern terminus for the ferry to Hull until it ceased running in the 1850s. This building is about one-third of its former size due to the demolition of the former hotel c.1860. In the early nineteenth century a daily mail coach ran from Barton Waterside via Brigg to Lincoln. After the introduction of paddle steamers c. 1818 a three or four times daily service between Barton and Hull left from a long wooden pier at the bottom of Waterside Road at a place locally called Point. This pier was later used by the Coastguard Station which closed in 1927, after which it was removed although the foundations of the pier can still be seen at low tide.

As river traffic increased in the late 18th and 19th centuries Barton became a local port serving the river trade along the Humber, Trent, and Ouse, and the North Sea Coastal trade.  Houses were built along the road leading to the Ferry eventually creating a thriving suburb with its own industries, shops, pubs, schools and churches.

In the 19th century there were two whiting works, and three mills west side of Barton Haven.  East of the Haven were two brickyards, Hall's Ropery and the Maltings. Brown and Clapson's shipyard which opened in the 1870s, survives today as Offshore Steel Boats. At various times there were coal staithes, a petroleum depot, and various other wharves and business along the Haven.

These industries created a tight knit community of boatmen, shipwrights, loose hands and factory workers distinct from the town of Barton-upon-Humber. In addition to the various places of employment, three pubs existed on the Waterside in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries - the Royal Vaults at the corner of Hewson (or Vaults) Lane and Waterside; The Sloop Inn at the corner of Far Ings Lane and Waterside, and the Waterside Inn (called "Bottom Pub" by locals) opposite the old ferry landing. There were also eight shops of which only one survives today. The two places of worship in Barton Waterside were St Chad's Mission Church (Anglican), and the Wesleyan Mission. There was also St. Chad's C of E School which operated from 1904 until 1967. Scholars of this institution were referred to locally as "Chad-Rats." The school building had served as St. Chad's Mission and Sunday School from 1894 to 1906 replacing an earlier (1863) Mission Room on the east side of the Haven. The Wesleyan Mission operated from 1876 to c.1955. The buildings are now a house and a bicycle showroom.

Since the 1950s, Barton Waterside has gradually declined into a residential area at the North end of Barton-upon-Humber. Most of shops, and businesses have closed. The Sloop Inn survives, along with the Shipyard. Commercial river traffic in and out of Barton Haven ceased c.1981 with the opening of the Humber Bridge. The last barge to operate regularly in and out of Barton Haven was the former Humber keel the "Hope" which brought raw materials to Hall's Barton Ropery.

The last major Community Building - St Chad's Mission Church - closed in 1977.

References

 Ron Newton - My Childhood Playground - Hutton Press 2001
 Rodney Clapson - Barton and the River Humber 1086–1900 - Barton-on-Humber WEA 2005
 Dinah M. Tyszka - Church and People in a Victorian Country Town - Barton-on-Humber WEA 2006

External links

Category:Villages in the Borough of North Lincolnshire
Category:Ports and harbours of the Humber
Category:Barton-upon-Humber


Bishi Bashi

is a series of Konami video games for arcades, mobile phones, PlayStation and Windows. All games in the series comprise playing through a wide variety of competitive minigames against other players. The arcade games support 1 to 6 players and the PlayStation game allows 1 to 8 players; the game will provide computer opponents if there are not enough players.

Arcade games
The arcade games released so far include:
 Bishi Bashi Championship Mini Game Senshuken, or Bishi Bashi Champ in 1996
 Super Bishi Bashi Champ and Handle Champ in 1998
 Hyper Bishi Bashi, Gachaga Champ, Step Champ and Hyper Bishi Bashi Champ in 1999
 Anime Champ in 2000
 Salaryman Champ in 2001
 Great Bishi Bashi Champ in 2002
 Bishi Bashi Champ Online in 2005
 The★BishiBashi in 2009
 BishiBashi Channel in 2018

The arcade game controls are very simple; each player has a red, green and blue button, positioned left, centre and right respectively. Each minigame explains its controls before play commences. Some titles of the series, however, make use of a steering wheel (Handle Champ), two joysticks (Gachaga Champ) or a dance pad (Step Champ) for the controls instead of the 3 buttons.The★BishiBashi uses the yellow button (start button) in most mini-games to finish the mini-game before time runs out or to score additional points.

 PlayStation games
Some of the minigames from the arcade games have been ported to the Sony PlayStation and released under the name Bishi Bashi Special (ビシバシスペシャル). Salaryman Champ has also been ported to the same console.Bishi Bashi Special was released in 1998 in JapanBishi Bashi Special for PS - Bishi Bashi Special PlayStation - Bishi Bashi Special PS Game
Includes the minigames from Bishi Bashi Champ, Super Bishi Bashi Champ and Handle Champ.Bishi Bashi Special 2 was released in 1999 in Japan
Includes the minigames from Hyper Bishi Bashi Champ and Gachaga Champ.
A European edition titled Bishi Bashi Special was released in 2000 and compiles Bishi Bashi Special 1 and 2 on one disc, retitled Super Bishi Bashi and Hyper Bishi Bashi.Bishi Bashi Special 3 was released in 2000 in Japan only
Includes the minigames from Step Champ.
Unlike the arcade game, the ported minigames do not always use the red, green and blue buttons of the PlayStation joypad; "button bashing" minigames allow the player to use the analog sticks or the shoulder buttons as well as the regular buttons.Salaryman Champ: Tatakau Salaryman was released in 2001 in Japan only (Developed and Released by Success)

 Mobile Phone Games Bishi Bashi Champ in 2001Shout! Shaberin Champ Mobile in 2007Intuition! Bishi Bashi Champ Mobile in 2007The Bishi Bashi! e-AMUSEMENT in 2009Min'na de bishibashi'' in 2014

References

Category:1996 video games
Category:PlayStation (console) games
Category:Arcade games
Category:Konami franchises
Category:Konami games
Category:Konami arcade games
Category:Video games developed in Japan


Arturo García

Arturo García can refer to:

 Arturo García (cyclist, born 1946), Mexican cyclist
 Arturo García (cyclist, born 1969), Mexican cyclist
 Arzu (footballer), born Arturo García Muñoz, Spanish footballer
 Arturo de Córdova, born Arturo García Rodríguez, Mexican actor
 Arturo Santos García, Mexican ophthalmologist and clinical researcher


1990 Denver Dynamite season

The  Denver Dynamite season was the third season for the Arena Football League franchise. With the same coaching staff in place from 1989, the Dynamite got off to a hot 4–1 start during the 1990 season. The attendance had been steadily rising during the season, with the final home game's attendance listed at 10,587. This included approximately 3,000 people who were admitted for free. The Dynamite would finish the season with a record of 4–4, good enough to clinch the 3rd seed. The team lost 25–26 to the semi-finals to the Dallas Texans.

Regular season

Schedule

Standings

Playoffs

Roster

Awards

References

External links
 1990 Denver Dynamite page at ArenaFan.com

Denver Dynamite
Denver Dynamite
Category:Denver Dynamite seasons


Ornithodoros turicata

Ornithodoros turicata, commonly referred to as the relapsing fever tick, is a soft tick found in the midwestern and southwestern United States. It is a known vector of Borrelia turicatae, a spirochete responsible for tick-borne relapsing fever in humans. Additionally, vector competence for the transmission of Leptospira pomona, the agent of canine jaundice, has been demonstrated in a laboratory setting.

See also
 APHC Entomological Sciences Tick Species Page - Ornithodoros turicata

References

Category:Ticks
Category:Arachnids of North America
Category:Animals described in 1876
Category:Argasidae


Municipalities of Germany

Municipalities (, singular ) are the lowest level of official territorial division in Germany. This is most commonly the third level of territorial division, ranking after the Land (state) and Kreis (district). The Gemeinde which is one level lower in those states also includes Regierungsbezirke (singular: Regierungsbezirk) as an intermediate territorial division. The Gemeinde is one level higher if it is not part of a Samtgemeinde. Only 10 municipalities in Germany have fifth level administrative subdivisions and all of them are in Bavaria. The highest degree of autonomy may be found in the Gemeinden which are not part of a Kreis. These Gemeinden are referred to as Kreisfreie Städte or Stadtkreise, sometimes translated as having "city status". This can be the case even for small municipalities. However, many smaller municipalities have lost this city status in various administrative reforms in the last 40 years when they were incorporated into a Kreis. In some states they retained a higher measure of autonomy than the other municipalities of the Kreis (e.g. Große Kreisstadt). Municipalities titled Stadt (town or city) are urban municipalities while those titled Gemeinde are classified as rural municipalities.

Overview

With more than 3,400,000 inhabitants, the most populated municipality of Germany is the city of Berlin; and the least populated is Gröde in Schleswig-Holstein. The cities of Aachen and Saarbrücken have a special status, which is why the numbers in the respective states North Rhine-Westphalia and Saarland appear in brackets in the table.

Municipalities per federal state
''List updated on August 1, 2009.

See also
List of municipalities in Germany

References

Germany 4
Municipalities, Germany
Municipalities, Germany
Municipalities, Germany


List of census-designated places in Iowa by population

Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States that is divided into 99 counties and contains 62 census-designated places (CDPs). All population data is based on the 2010 census.

__TOC__

Census-Designated Places

See also

List of counties in Iowa
List of unincorporated communities in Iowa

References

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*
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P. Roupakiotis

P. Roupakiotis (Greek: Π. Ρουπακιώτης) was a Greek politician and a mayor of Patras from 6 April until 7 June 1875.  His last name may originate from a place known as "Roupaki".  Other than his mayoral run, his life was little known.

He substituted the deposition from the Voulgaris government, mayor Georgios Roufos as the first mayoral president.  He remained mayor for two months.  The small name does not know he was famous on his later life.

References

References
''The first version of the article is translated and is based from the article at the Greek Wikipedia (el:Main Page)

Category:19th-century births
Category:Year of death missing
Category:19th-century Greek people
Category:Greek politicians
Category:Mayors of Patras
Category:People from Patras
Category:Year of death unknown


Harpalus bitinctus

Harpalus bitinctus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Jeannel in 1948.

References

bitinctus
Category:Beetles described in 1948


Gods Child

Gods Child was an American rock band from New York City, New York, formed in 1991 by Chris Seefried (lead vocals and guitar) and Gary DeRosa (keyboards and background vocals). Steve Tayler Barrett, the band's manager, was an integral part of the creative as well as the business side of the band. His input included lyrics, song titles, song structures, styling, band personnel and creative ideas.

Gods Child gained popularity following the release of their debut album, Everybody (1994), which featured the hit single "Everybody's 1". Their second album, Aluminum, was a critics' choice but less of a radio hit.

After touring for this album, the band relocated to Los Angeles and changed their name to Joe 90. They went on to make debut record Dream This for Geffen Records, along with other independent releases.

The band's influences include T.Rex, Lou Reed, Prince, Patti Smith, Sly and The Family Stone, The Doors, Curtis Mayfield,  U2, early Blue Öyster Cult  and The Beatles.

History

Formation
Singer/guitarist Chris Seefried and keyboardist Gary DeRosa both grew up in Dix Hills, New York, and played in local bands Mercury and Random Speed.

After graduating from Long Island University and Hofstra University, respectively, Seefried and DeRosa moved to Manhattan and started the duo Brother Brother. Playing gigs all around the city and surrounding boroughs by night and recording demos during the day, they set up shop in the Westbeth building on the Lower West Side. The basement of this artist enclave housed studios for various artists and musicians, including The Lounge Lizards and Suzanne Vega.

DeRosa and Seefried had an 8-track recording studio where they recorded their Brother Brother demos with DeRosa engineering (and where Luscious Jackson recorded their debut record, In Search Of Manny). The demos wound up in the hands of British hit maker at the time, Michael Baker. Having had platinum success with British neo-soul band Wet, Wet, Wet, Baker saw Brother Brother as an American followup, and signed them to his production company Simple Simon, which resulted in a singles and album deal with Chrysalis records U.K. The duo released two charting singles in the U.K., "Temptation Eyes", a cover of the 1960s song by The Grass Roots, and the Seefried-penned "All American". A full-length album was recorded but not released.

After the experience of making major label pop-oriented music, Seefried and DeRosa vowed to have complete control of their music and production from then on. Seefried met Steve Tayler Barrett, an Englishman who worked for HMV group and was looking to start an artist management group. He helped change the band's musical direction to something more akin to his personal taste, which was steeped in the early glam rock traditions of T.Rex. This, coupled with Seefried's love of Lou Reed and Patti Smith formed the foundations of the Gods Child sound.

After settling on a still temporary but powerful group that included Shawn Pelton on drums and Mark Plati, who had mixed the Brother Brother album, on bass, the newly named Gods Child started playing shows in Manhattan at CBGB and opening for national groups at Irving Plaza and the Academy.

After the positive response to the new material, Seefried and DeRosa went back into their Westbeth studio and recorded seven songs. They took these 8-track recordings to various studios in the city and had Pelton overdub drums and percussion. With a residency in the Czech Republic coming up, Seefried and DeRosa took the tapes to Arthur Baker's Shakedown studio in New Jersey and again had Mark Plati do the mixing. As the last mix for the song "Reachin" (with Frank Funaro on drums) was being printed, Seefried and DeRosa left to play the Czech Republic.

During this time Tayler Barrett created a bidding war among major labels for the album, and, having spoken to Hugo Burnham (A&R at Qwest, Quincy Jones' label), started to form a lasting relationship which would lead to Gods Child eventually signing with Qwest/Warner Bros.

Everybody

Having completed half the record on their own, Seefried and DeRosa, under the pseudonym Bullfrog and The Elephant, now set as producers for the debut, went about finishing the record with new drummer Alex Alexander, who had made the trip to the Czech Republic. The album still reflected their concept of making rock tracks with loops, but now also invited the musical heft they were exploring in their live shows with extended psychedelic instrumentals and poetry jams. New bassist Craig Ruda, who had also grown up in Dix Hills, joined the band toward the end of the record, making his recording debut on the song "Sey". The album was mixed by Robbie Adams, who had recently worked on U2's Achtung Baby, and mixed Zooropa. Both these records had largely incorporated drum loops into a rock-oriented sound.

The record came out and immediately garnered glowing press reaction and a minor hit single. "Everybody's 1" appeared on the Billboard "Modern Rock" and "Album Rock" categories simultaneously. Three music videos were made from the album for songs "Everybody's 1", "Stone Horses" and "Slide".

By year's end, the group had performed on the nationally televised NBC show Late Night with Conan O'Brien, as well as at a WNEW radio Christmas show at New York's Roseland Ballroom.

Aluminum
After a year and a half of touring nationally as an opener and a headliner, Gods Child started making demos with Lucious Jackson producer Tony Mangurian. The band then relocated to Los Angeles to write songs, play shows and start their second record.

In the transition, Alex Alexander stayed in New York and Gods Child decided to use Tony Mangurian to play drums on their second record. Tim Palmer (who had worked with such acts as Pearl Jam, Sponge, and Mission UK) was brought in to sift through the more than 30 songs (the band having written an album in both New York and Los Angeles), pick the best songs from both periods and produce the record.

With the move to L.A., Gods Child's sound was still littered with damaged sounds, but the songs themselves were more stealthy in arrangement. The result was a soaring, spaced-out sonic gem that was a critics' darling. Although the first single "Female Elvis (I'm the man)" started strong on the radio, getting play in L.A. on KROQ, it failed to chart the way "Everybody's 1" had. "Need" was featured on the Fox Network television series Melrose Place.

Touring ensued as Gods Child found their new drummer, Adam Hamilton, a Shreveport transplant now living in L.A.

Once back in L.A., new demos were written and recorded under the pseudonym The Amazing Adventures of Joe 90. The first, "Sleeping Pill", appeared on an Album Network sampler. With a new city to call home and a new record deal in place at Geffen Records through Adam Duritz's imprint, the latest members of Gods Child decided to record their next record Dream This under the name Joe 90.

Band members

Discography

Albums

Singles

Promotional videos
"Everybody's 1" (1994)
"Stone Horses" (1994)
"Slide" (1995)

References

 Hurley, Steve (2000-04-18). "News - Articles - 1430642 - 20000418". Mtv.com. Retrieved 2011-01-02.

External links

Category:Alternative rock groups from New York (state)
Category:Neo-psychedelia groups
Category:Dream pop musical groups
Category:Musical groups established in 1991
Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1996
Category:1991 establishments in New York (state)
Category:Qwest Records artists


Maple Valley Anthon-Oto Community School District

Maple Valley Anthon-Oto Community School District is a school district with offices in Anthon and Mapleton in Iowa.

The district is located in sections of Crawford, Ida, Monona, and Woodbury counties; it serves the municipalities of Anthon, Mapleton, Castana, Danbury, and Rodney. It also serves the unincorporated area of Ticonic.

History
It was established on July 1, 2012 from the merger of the Anthon-Oto Community School District and the Maple Valley Community School District. The vote for merging the districts was scheduled for February 1, 2011.

From 2005 until 2015 what is now known as MVAO and the MVAO of 2015 lost a total of 178 students. Due to the decline in enrollments, in January 2017 the MVAO district and the Charter Oak-Ute Community School District entered into a grade-sharing arrangement in which one district sends its students to another district for certain grade levels. As a result, the Charter Oak-Ute high school closed. MVAO High School was renamed MVAO-COU High School. Charter Oak-Ute will pay MVAO tuition costs.

References

External links
 Maple Valley Anthon-Oto Community School District
Category:School districts in Iowa
Category:Education in Crawford County, Iowa
Category:Education in Ida County, Iowa
Category:Monona County, Iowa
Category:Education in Woodbury County, Iowa
Category:2012 establishments in Iowa
Category:Educational institutions established in 2012


Songjeong-dong

Songjeong-dong may refer to

Songjeong-dong, Seoul
Songjeong-dong, Busan
Songjeong-dong, Ulsan
Songjeong-dong, Gwangju
Songjeong-dong, Gwangju, Gyeonggi
Songjeong-dong, Gangneung
Songjeong-dong, Donghae


Italian cruiser San Giorgio

The Italian cruiser San Giorgio was the name ship of her class of two armored cruisers built for the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) in the first decade of the 20th century. Commissioned in 1910, the ship was badly damaged when she ran aground before the start of the Italo-Turkish War in 1911, although she was repaired before its end. During World War I, San Giorgios activities were limited by the threat of Austro-Hungarian submarines, although the ship did participate in the bombardment of Durazzo, Albania, in late 1918.

She acted as a royal yacht for Crown Prince Umberto's 1924 tour of South America and then deployed to the Indian Ocean to support operations in Italian Somaliland in 1925–1926. San Giorgio served as a training ship from 1930 to 1935 and was then rebuilt in 1937–1938 to better serve in that role. As part of her reconstruction, she received a modern anti-aircraft suite that was augmented before she was transferred to bolster the defences of Tobruk shortly before Italy declared war on the Allies in mid-1940. San Giorgio was forced to scuttle herself in early 1941 as the Allies moved in to occupy the port. Her wreck was used as an immobile repair ship by the British from 1943 through 1945. Salvaged in 1952, she sank while under tow to Italy to be broken up.

Design and description

The ships of the San Giorgio class were designed as improved versions of the Pisa-class design. San Giorgio had a length between perpendiculars of  and an overall length of . She had a beam of  and a draught of . The ship displaced  at normal load, and  at deep load. Her complement was 32 officers and 666 to 673 enlisted men.

The ship was powered by a pair of vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one propeller shaft using steam supplied by 14 mixed-firing Blechynden boilers. Designed for a maximum output of  and a speed of , San Giorgio handily exceeded this, reaching a speed of  during her sea trials from . The ship had a cruising range of  at a speed of .

The main armament of the San Giorgio-class ships consisted of four Cannone da 254/45 A Modello 1908 guns in twin-gun turrets fore and aft of the superstructure. The ships mounted eight Cannone da 190/45 A Modello 1908 in four twin-gun turrets, two in each side amidships, as their secondary armament. For defense against torpedo boats, they carried 18 quick-firing (QF) 40-caliber  guns. Eight of these were mounted in embrasures in the sides of the hull and the rest in the superstructure. The ships were also fitted with a pair of 40-caliber QF  guns. The San Giorgios were also equipped with three submerged  torpedo tubes. During World War I, eight of the 76 mm guns were replaced by six 76 mm anti-aircraft (AA) guns and one torpedo tube was removed.

The ships were protected by an armoured belt that was  thick amidships and reduced to  at the bow and stern. The armoured deck was  thick and the conning tower armour was 254 mm thick. The 254 mm gun turrets were protected by 200 mm of armour while the 190 mm turrets had .

Construction and career
San Giorgio, named after Saint George, the patron saint of Genoa, was ordered on 3 August 1904 and laid down on 2 January 1907 at the Regio Cantieri di Castellammare di Stabia in Castellammare di Stabia. The ship was launched on 27 July 1908 and completed on 1 July 1910. San Giorgio ran aground on a reef off Naples-Posillipo on 12 August 1910, and was badly damaged. An estimated  of water flooded the boiler rooms, magazines and lower compartments. To refloat the ship, her guns and turrets, together with her conning tower and some of her armour had to be removed.

San Giorgio was under repair at the outbreak of the Italo-Turkish War in September and only rejoined the fleet in June 1912. In February 1913, the ship cruised the Aegean Sea and made a port visit to Salonica, Greece, the next month. The ship ran aground again in November in the Strait of Messina, but she was only lightly damaged.  The captain was dismissed as a result of the incident.

San Giorgio was based at Brindisi when Italy declared war on the Central Powers on 23 May 1915. That night, the Austro-Hungarian Navy bombarded the Italian coast in an attempt to disrupt the Italian mobilization. Of the many targets, Ancona was hardest hit, with disruptions to the town's gas, electric, and telephone service; the city's stockpiles of coal and oil were left in flames. All of the Austrian ships safely returned to port, putting pressure on the Regia Marina to stop the attacks. When the Austrians resumed bombardments on the Italian coast in mid-June, Admiral Paolo Thaon di Revel responded by sending San Giorgio and the other armored cruisers at Brindisi—the navy's newest—to Venice to supplement the older ships already there. Shortly after their arrival at Venice,  was sunk by a submarine on 7 July and her loss severely restricted the activities of the other ships based at Venice. San Giorgio participated in the bombardment of Durazzo on 2 October 1918 which sank one Austro-Hungarian merchantman and damaged two others.

San Giorgio was relieved by the scout cruiser Brindisi as flagship of the Eastern Squadron on 16 July 1921 at Istanbul, Turkey. She later served in the Far East and China. In 1924 she conducted Crown Prince Umberto on his tour of South America. The ship departed Naples on 1 July and the outbreak of the second Tenente revolt in Brazil the following day forced the ships to divert to Argentina, where they arrived at Buenos Aires on 6 August. Three days later the government hosted a military parade in his honor which included a detachment of sailors from San Giorgio. He visited Chile before departing Montevideo, Uruguay on 5 September, bound for Bahia, Brazil. The ship sailed for home on 18 September.

After her return, she was assigned to the Red Sea and Indian Ocean Naval Division (Divisione Navale del Mar Rosso e dell'Oceano Indiano) in 1925–1926, supporting operations in Italian Somaliland. From 1930 to 1935, the ship was based in Pola as a training ship for naval cadets and was sent to Spain after the Spanish Civil War began in 1936 to protect Italian interests. In 1937–1938 she was reconstructed to serve as a dedicated training ship for naval cadets at the Arsenale di La Spezia: six boilers were removed and the remaining eight were converted to burn fuel oil which reduced her speed to . Each pair of funnels was trunked together and her 76/40 guns were replaced by eight  / 47 caliber guns in four twin turrets abreast the funnels. Her torpedo tubes were also removed while she received a light AA suite for the first time with the addition of six 54-caliber Breda  guns in single mounts, a dozen  Breda Model 35 autocannon in six twin mounts and four  Breda Model 31 machine guns in two twin mounts.

Prior to her being sent to reinforce the defences of Tobruk in early May 1940, a fifth 100/47 gun turret was added on the forecastle and five more twin  machine gun mounts were added to better suit her new role as a floating battery. Two days after Italy declared war on Britain on 10 June, the British launched a co-ordinated sea and land attack against Tobruk. The British naval force, including the light cruisers  and  bombarded the port and engaged San Giorgio, which suffered no damage, while Royal Air Force Blenheim bombers from No. 45, No. 55, and No. 211 Squadrons also attacked Tobruk,  striking San Giorgio with a bomb. On 19 June, the British submarine HMS Parthian fired two torpedoes at San Giorgio, but they detonated before hitting the ship.

San Giorgios principal role was to supplement the anti-aircraft defences of Tobruk; between June 1940 and January 1941, she claimed 47 enemy aircraft shot down or damaged.
When Commonwealth troops surrounded Tobruk and prepared to storm it during Operation Compass, in January 1941, the ship was kept in port as it was thought that her main guns could be useful for halting, at least temporarily, the British tanks. Therefore, San Giorgio remained in Tobruk and participated in the defense of the town with her armament. The ship was seaworthy (she had been stationary since June 1940, but she was not immobilized), and when the fall of Tobruk appeared imminent the local naval commander Admiral Massimiliano Vietina requested authorization from the naval high command in Rome (Supermarina) for her to leave, so as to avoid what was perceived as the preventable loss of a perfectly sound, if outdated, cruiser; however, the Italian commander-in-chief in Libya, marshal Rodolfo Graziani, opposed San Giorgios leaving, "…so as not to deprive the fortress of the contribution of San Giorgio’s guns and especially for moral reasons, since the departure of the ship would be harmful for the land troops' [morale] [if it were to happen] right at the moment the enemy attack is underway". The Italian Supreme Command decided that the ship should stay. Therefore, San Giorgio remained in Tobruk and kept firing on the attacking land forces throughout the battle, until the town had fallen. In the early hours of January 22, after the last resistance in Tobruk had ceased, the crew was disembarked and a small scuttling party, headed by Captain Stefano Pugliese, blew up her magazines so that she would not fall intact into British hands. Most of the crew, including the badly wounded Pugliese (who had been injured by the premature explosion of one of the scuttling charges), were taken prisoner, although a small party managed to escape to Italy in a fishing boat, carrying with them San Giorgios war flag. The ship was awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valor (Medaglia d'Oro al Valor Militare) for her actions in the defence of Tobruk. Inspection of San Giorgio's torpedo nets, after the fall of Tobruk, revealed that as many as 39 torpedoes, most of them launched by British aircraft, had become stuck in the nets in her seven months of wartime service.

San Giorgios hulk was commissioned by the British in March 1943 as HMS San Giorgio for use as a stationary repair ship and was used by them for the rest of the war. The wreck was refloated in 1952, but it sank en route to Italy.

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Shores, Christopher, Giovanni Massimello & Russell Guest. A History of the Mediterranean Air War 1940–1945: Volume One: North Africa June 1940–January 1945. London: Grub Street, 2012. .

External links

 San Giorgio in WWII on regiamarina.net

Category:San Giorgio-class cruisers
Category:Ships built in Castellammare di Stabia
Category:World War I cruisers of Italy
Category:1908 ships
Category:Scuttled vessels
Category:Shipwrecks in the Mediterranean
Category:Maritime incidents in January 1941


Jonas Sandqvist

Jonas Sandqvist (born 6 May 1981), is a retired Swedish football goalkeeper.

Club career
Sandqvist previously played for Landskrona BoIS where he got a big breakthrough during the 2004 season in Allsvenskan. After the 2005 season, he left the club for the rivals Malmö FF and he rescued the team in many games, as the defence was leaking. After expressing his intent to leave the club as bosman, Malmö FF bought Johan Dahlin as new first goalkeeper and as Sandqvist failed to find a new club he sat on the bench for the rest of the 2009 season. On December 16, 2009 Atromitos F.C. agreed terms with Sandqvist for 2.5 years, starting on 1 January 2010. Sandqvist stayed on the bench for 2010, had no chances in Atromitos and on 7 December 2010 he was released from his contract. Sandqvist had a trial with Championship side Middlesbrough and was asked to stay longer but instead accepted a contract from Aalesunds FK. He had his first European level game for Aalesunds FK against Neath in the first qualifying round of the Europa League. Aalesunds FK won 4–1. On November 14, 2011 he signed a multiple year-contract with the Swedish club Örebro SK. He also played for Icelandic Keflavík before returning to Landskrona BoIS.

External links
Malmö FF Profile
fotbolltransfers.com

References

Category:1981 births
Category:Living people
Category:Association football goalkeepers
Category:Swedish footballers
Category:Sweden international footballers
Category:Sweden under-21 international footballers
Category:Landskrona BoIS players
Category:Malmö FF players
Category:Atromitos F.C. players
Category:Aalesunds FK players
Category:Örebro SK players
Category:Allsvenskan players
Category:Superleague Greece players
Category:Swedish expatriate footballers
Category:Expatriate footballers in Greece
Category:Expatriate footballers in Norway
Category:Knattspyrnudeild Keflavík players