Campbell MacKenzie-Richards

Campbell Mackenzie-Richards (1900–1927) was a pioneer English aviator, Royal Air Force test pilot, and air race contestant, who was killed testing experimental equipment in November 1927.

Early life
Campbell MacKenzie-Richards was born on 6 January 1900 in Streatham, London, the grandson of Peter Felix Richards (born 1808 in Edinburgh, Scotland; died 14 November 1868 in Shanghai, China), the founder of the Astor House, Shanghai; and the son of Peter Felix Mackenzie-Richards (born about 1863 in Shanghai; died 18 December 1920 in Colchester, Essex), a civil engineer, and Mary Edith "Mollie" MacRae (born 1 July 1869 in Brighton, Sussex; died 7 December 1954 at Heigham Hall, a private mental hospital in Norwich, Norfolk), who had married on 4 September 1893 at St. Leonard's Church, Upper Deal, Kent. MacKenzie-Richards was baptised on 1 March 1900 at the Holy Trinity Church at Upper Tooting. MacKenzie-Richards was the brother of Kenneth (born 1894 in Kensington; died 26 December 1980); Ursula (born 13 November 1902; died 11 December 1995); and Mary (born 1907 in Woodbridge, Suffolk; died 1983). Campbell MacKenzie-Richards was educated at the Woodbridge School in Suffolk.

Career
During World War I MacKenzie-Richards served in the British Merchant Navy and was decorated twice.

Around 1923 MacKenzie-Richards joined the Royal Air Force. On 24 January 1924 he was confirmed as Pilot Officer and later was promoted to the rank of Flying Officer, and was attached to the Bombing Squadron based at Martlesham Heath. After earning the reputation of being a highly skilled pilot, MacKenzie-Richards was attached to the experimental staff of the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough.

As part of the Airship Development Programme, from 9 October 1925 a hook-equipped de Havilland Humming Bird (Registration G-EBQP) was used in a short series of experiments with "an obsolete underpowered type of airship", HMA R33 (known colloquially as the "Pulham Pig") in an attempt to develop an airborne aircraft carrier. On 15 October 1925 the Humming Bird flown by Squadron Leader Rollo Haig, was released from the R33, and became the first to reattach an aircraft to a rigid airship, although the propeller was damaged as he reattached and he detached again to glide to a separate landing at the aerodrome. On 4 December 1925 Flight Lieutenant Janor, flying a Humming Bird was the first to successfully hook an aeroplane onto a rigid airship and remain attached until the airship landed. Previously the Royal Air Force had modified two F.1 Sopwith Camels (serials N6622 and N6814) for trials by No. 212 Squadron RAF with airship HMA 23r, which culminated in Lt. R.E. Keys piloting one on 6 November 1918, and the first launch and recovery of an aircraft in mid-air had been performed by the US Army TC-3 blimp on 15 December 1924, with a Sperry Messenger biplane performing a sortie from and back to a "skyhook" attached to the blimp.

On Thursday 21 October 1926, MacKenzie-Richards and Flying Officer (later Air Vice-Marshal) R.L. Ragg participated in the experimental trials of launching twin parasite aircraft from retractable trapezes attached under the keel of the R33 using two Gloster Grebe fighters (J.7400 and J.7385) from Pulham aerodrome. The first Grebe, flown by MacKenzie-Richards, which was positioned aft, was released at 10.17am over Pulham at an altitude of 2,500 feet (762 metres), and, after diving for about 100 ft (30 metres), it levelled out. The Times reported the next day: "The aeroplane, with her engine running, dropped like a stone and then regaining control, MacKenzie-Richards performed a series of stunts, looping-the-loop, rolling and flying upside down", while Flight indicated that the plane "gambolled gaily in the air as if glad to be free, at last, from the maternal apron strings," before landing safely back at Pulham. After some difficulty in starting the engine, the second Grebe piloted by Ragg, which had been positioned abaft of the first Grebe, was successfully released at 11.30am from a slightly higher altitude over Cardington, Bedfordshire, and made a safe landing at Cardington.

In another experiment, the Grebes piloted by MacKenzie-Richards and Ragg were released from 2,000 feet and were able to fly and then reattach their planes to a skyhook on the airship. Despite the successful trials, the technique was never adopted.

Air racing
MacKenzie-Richards was a member of the Royal Aircraft Establishment (R.A.E.) Aero Club, and competed in air races. In June 1927 MacKenzie-Richards took part in the Whitsun weekend air races (4 and 6 June 1927) at the Ensbury Park racecourse (near Bournemouth), winning from scratch convincingly the delayed first race of the meet on Saturday, 4 June 1927, the Low Power Handicap for aeroplanes with engines less than 1500cc, against three other competitors (two others had withdrawn) in de Havilland Humming Bird G-EBQP, a single-seat ultralight monoplane that had been used in the R33 trials, with a Bristol Cherub III engine. at 73.5 miles per hour. The crash of a de Havilland DH.37A earlier on 4 June 1927, and the collision of a Westland Widgeon and a Blackburn Bluebird on Whit Monday, 6 June 1927, which resulted in the death of two pilots and a passenger in front of thousands of spectators forced the cessation of further air races at Ensbury Park racecourse, and its eventual sale to a housing developer.

During the Nottingham Flying Meeting held at the Hucknall Torkard aerodrome at Hucknall, Nottinghamshire on the Summer Bank Holiday weekend, which included the 6th King's Cup Race, after starting from the scratch position, Mackenzie-Richards came third flying the same Humming Bird in "ideal flying conditions" over the 8.5-mile single-lap course in the Papplewick Stakes Low-power Handicap, the first event held at 11.30am on Monday, 1 August 1927, and received £10.

Marriage
On Wednesday 17 August 1927, MacKenzie-Richards married Mirabel Cobbold (born 2 May 1904), who had earned a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Oxford in 1926, the only child of Lt. Col. Ernest Cazenove Cobbold CB (born 15 January 1866 at Ufford, Suffolk; died 1932), of the York and Lancaster Regiment, and Edith Mary White (died 1949), at the St Peter and St Paul's Parish Church at Aldeburgh, Suffolk.

Death and inquest
MacKenzie-Richards was killed in a night flying accident at East Grinstead, Surrey on 9 November 1927 . MacKenzie-Richards was engaged in testing night navigating devices at Croydon aerodrome, including two new illuminated wind vanes erected there experimentally.

On Wednesday, 9 November 1927, flying Bristol fighter C810, MacKenzie-Richards had finished his work at 5.30pm and left Croydon with Professor Harry Norman Green. Green (born 21 September 1902 in Sheffield, England; died 16 May 1967) was educated at the Central Secondary School in Sheffield, and received his undergraduate and medical degrees from Sheffield University, specialising in pathology. He taught at the Sheffield University (1926–1933, 1935–1953), Cambridge University (1933–1935), and the University of Leeds (1953–1967). Green's research interests focused on the immune system in cancer induction and growth. In 1947 Green was appointed Director of Cancer. a pathologist and member of the faculty of medicine (and later the Department of Pharmacology) at the University of Sheffield, as his observer. They attempted to make their way back to Farnborough, but the compass was 30 degrees out when they left. Failing to find Farnborough they attempted to return to Croydon.  They flew back without seeing anything they recognised until they estimated they were over Croydon.  They could not pick up any indication of Croydon nor could they see any lights.  They spoke on the 'telephone' and MacKenzie-Richards suggested that they had better make a forced landing before they ran out of petrol – they only had about 20 minutes fuel remaining.  He came down low and asked Green to look for a field.  Presently he said that he could not see a field that he could land in and he lit a flare. There was a certain amount of mist, but nothing exceptional.  They just missed some trees and climbed back up to 2,000 feet. As Green had never used a parachute before, MacKenzie-Richards briefed him particularly about not pulling the ripcord until he was clear of the aircraft. Green questioned whether the aircraft could be rolled onto its back so that they could both get out, but MacKenzie-Richards refused, saying that Green should go. At the inquest Green explained how he had one foot on the seat and one on the side waiting for the signal to jump. MacKenzie-Richards throttled the engine down and turned around, put his hand out and pushed Green. Green landed in a field and was perfectly alright. MacKenzie-Richards was found in another field, but there was no sign of life; his parachute was open. The Coroner's conclusion was that by the time MacKenzie-Richards left the aircraft he was too close to the ground and that his parachute failed to fully deploy.

At the inquest a Major Cooper informed the Court that the compasses were checked periodically on the ground, and that he was satisfied that this compass had been tested at certain periods. He pointed out that this had been an experimental aircraft, which had certain experimental lights, and the evidence suggested that one of the pieces of wiring had an effect on the compass after the machine had left the ground.  It was quite possible that the error in the compass only occurred when the current was generated.

The wreckage of the aircraft was found in a wood about two hundred yards from where his body was found.

He is buried at the parish church of St. Andrew, Great Yeldham.

Legacy
MacKenzie-Richards was promoted posthumously to Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force. After his death, his only child, Gillian Campbell MacKenzie-Richards, was born in Aldeburgh, in 1928. For three years, Mirabel and Gillian lived in Aldeburgh. On 1 July 1931, Mirabel married Canadian farmer, Charles Robert Orr-Simpson, of British Columbia. On 14 July 1931 Mirabel and Gillian migrated to Canada on the Empress of Britain. On 26 February 1934, the Simpson family arrived in Southampton on Warwick Castle from Cape Town via Madeira, intending to live in Bath, Somerset. By June 1935, Mirabel was living in Clacton-on-Sea, Essex.

References and notes

External links
 Photo of Campbell MacKenzie-Richards in Humming Bird J7326 (G-EBQP)
 Video of HMA R33 launching a Grebe fighter
 Photo of HMA R33 launching a Grebe fighter
 Photo of HMA R33 with two Grebe fighters attached while moored
 HMA R33 with two Grebe fighters attached while moored
 Close-up Photo of HMA R33 with two Grebe fighters attached in flight
 Photo of HMA R33 with two Grebe fighters attached in flight
 British Pathe: 1927 Air races at Ensbury Park racecourse, Bournemouth
 2009 photo of De Havilland DH.53 Humming Bird, G-EBQP/J7326 flown by MacKenzie-Richards in air races in 1927
 Photo of Humming Bird J7326 (G-EBQP) at the De Havilland Aircraft Heritage Centre
 Photo of Humming Bird J7326 (G-EBQP) at the De Havilland Aircraft Heritage Centre
 Photo of Humming Bird J7326 (G-EBQP) at the De Havilland Aircraft Heritage Centre
 Article: "The Flying Aircraft Carrier: Why?" with photos of R33 and Gloster Grebes
 Short article and photo about the air-launching experiments carried out with the Gloster Grebes

Category:1900 births
Category:1927 deaths
Category:British Merchant Service personnel of World War I
Category:Royal Air Force officers
Category:British test pilots
Category:Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in England
Category:De Havilland
Category:People educated at Woodbridge School
Category:People from Streatham
Category:Anglo-Scots
Category:English aviators
Category:Air racers


Angular misalignment loss

In waveguide design and construction, angular misalignment loss is power loss caused by the deviation from optimum angular alignment of the axes of source-to-waveguide, waveguide-to-waveguide, or waveguide-to-detector. The waveguide may be dielectric (an optical fiber) or metallic. Angular misalignment loss does not include lateral offset loss and longitudinal offset loss.

Source: from Federal Standard 1037C

References

Category:Microwave technology


Miss Bellows Falls Diner

Miss Bellows Falls Diner is a historic diner at 90 Rockingham Street in Bellows Falls, Vermont.  The diner was constructed in 1941 by the Worcester Lunch Car Company as #771, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Description and history
The Miss Bellows Falls Diner stands on the southwest side of Rockingham Street, just northwest of the central business district of Bellows Falls.  The diner is set parallel and close to the road.  It is a barrel-roofed metal structure,  in size, its exterior finished in original enamel panels bearing the diner's name.  The entrances to the diner are at its ends, each sheltered by an added vestibule.  The kitchen and bathroom facilities are located in a wood-frame addition to the rear.  The interior of the diner retains original finishes, including walls finished in enamel panels and varnished wood, a polychrome tile floor, oak booths with Formica table tops, and the main counter's marble and metal finish.  The service area also has original features, including enameled refrigerator cabinets and recessed menu boards.

The diner, built in 1941 by the Worcester Lunch Car Company, is the only known intact example of a Worcester barrel-roofed diner in the state. It was originally built for John Korsak and Frank Willie for a location in Lowell, Massachusetts, where it was called Frankie & Johnny's. Both Korsak and Willie were called up into the military for World War II, and the diner was sold to go to Bellows Falls, where it arrived on May 14, 1944, replacing an earlier diner on the site.

Date of Construction
The National Register application for Miss Bellows Falls Diner incorrectly states this diner was assembled "probably in the 1930's", but its model number (#771) indicates 1941. The Rosebud (diner) in Somerville, Massachusetts, Worcester #773, was built in 1941. Worcester serialized their diners consecutively in order of production.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Windham County, Vermont

References

External links

Category:Diners on the National Register of Historic Places
Category:Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont
Category:Restaurants in Vermont
Category:Buildings and structures in Bellows Falls, Vermont
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Windham County, Vermont


LGBT history in Sweden

This article concerns LGBT history in the Nordic country of Sweden.

History
Homosexuality in Sweden was decriminalised in 1944.

6 years later, the Swedish Federation for LGBT Rights (RFSL) was founded.

See also
LGBT rights in Sweden
LGBT rights by country or territory

References

Further reading
 Bertilsdotter Rosqvist, Hanna, and Klara Arnberg. "Ambivalent Spaces—The Emergence of a New Gay Male Norm Situated Between Notions of the Commercial and the Political in the Swedish Gay Press, 1969–1986." Journal of homosexuality 62.6 (2015): 763-781.
 Carlson-Rainer, Elise. "Sweden Is a World Leader in Peace, Security, and Human Rights." World Affairs 180.4 (2017): 79-85. online
 Rydström, Jens. Odd couples: A history of gay marriage in Scandinavia (Amsterdam Univ. Press, 2011).
 Rydström, J. Sinners and citizens: Bestiality and homosexuality in Sweden, 1880–1950 (U  of Chicago Press, 2003) online.
 Rydström J. & K. Mustola, eds. Criminally queer: homosexuality and criminal law in Scandinavia 1842–1999 (Amsterdam: Aksant, 2007). online
 Sundevall, Fia, and Alma Persson. "LGBT in the military: policy development in Sweden 1944–2014." Sexuality Research and Social Policy 13.2 (2016): 119-129. online

External links


Pretty Baby (Vanessa Carlton song)

"Pretty Baby" is a song by Vanessa Carlton from her debut album Be Not Nobody. The song was released as the third single from the album in 2003.

Music video

The music video was directed by Marcos Siega.

Awards and accolades
"Pretty Baby" was nominated for "Choice Love Song" at the 2003 Teen Choice Awards; it lost, however, to "Crazy In Love," by Beyoncé & Jay-Z.

Charts
The song peaked at number one on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. It was Carlton's first single to not chart on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Her next single to fail to chart would be "Private Radio," a year later.

References

External links

Category:2001 songs
Category:2003 singles
Category:Vanessa Carlton songs
Category:A&M Records singles
Category:Pop ballads
Category:Song recordings produced by Ron Fair
Category:Songs written by Vanessa Carlton
Category:Music videos directed by Marcos Siega


Buddy Wolfe

Les Wolff (April 11, 1941 – July 11, 2017) was an American football player and professional wrestler, known by his ring name "Beautiful" Buddy Wolfe, who competed in North American regional promotions including the American Wrestling Association, National Wrestling Alliance and the World Wide Wrestling Federation during the 1970s and 80s. He found his greatest success as the tag team partner of Don Jardine wrestling as the second incarnation of The Spoilers in the Tri-State territory. He was one of several men to team with Jardine as Spoiler #2, twice winning the NWA United States Tag Team Championship during the early 1970s. Wolff later formed a tag team with "Luscious" Larry Heinimi who together were considered one of the top "heel" tag teams in the Midwest United States during the mid-1970s.

Professional wrestling career

Early career
Trained by wrestler Verne Gagne, Wolff was one of several students to debut during the early 1970s including Ricky "The Dragon" Steamboat, "Nature Boy" Ric Flair and Pacific Northwest Wrestling mainstay "Playboy" Buddy Rose, whom he would become a mentor to during his early career. In one of his earliest matches, he lost to his future brother-in-law Maurice "Mad Dog" Vachon in Fargo, North Dakota on December 20, 1970.

From Atlanta to Texas
He spent his first years in Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling feuding with fellow Minnesota State alumni Ole and Lars Anderson. Wolff dominated his feud with Ole Anderson and, to further the storyline, a real-life incident in which Ole Anderson broke his nose while the two attended college was often referenced by Anderson who frequently claimed that Wolff was trying to end his wrestling career.

During mid-1971, Wolff wrestled in the Dallas-area for promoter Jack Adkisson. On July 20, he and Bronko Lubich fought Nick Kozak and Johnny Valentine to a draw at The Sportatorium. Later single matches against Bobby Shane and Johnny Valentine also resulted in draws. He scored one of his earliest victories when he defeated The Great Scott on August 10, however this was followed by a defeat in an 8-man tag team match with Bronko Lubich, Toru Tanaka and Skandor Akbar losing to Nick Kozak & Johnny Valentine, Rey Mendoza and Jose Lothario on August 17. He continued feuding with Kozak and Valentine, fighting to a draw with Kozak on August 31 and defeating Valentine on September 7. The following week, he lost to Wahoo McDaniel in a best 2-of-3 pinfalls match. On September 21, he teamed with Toru Tanaka and Thunderbolt Patterson in a 6-man tag team match losing to Johnny Valentine, Jose Lothario and Fritz von Erich. He faced Paterson and Valentine in a three-way elimination match with Valentine defeating pinning Patterson and himself on September 28. Although the Dallas Morning News reported that this match was the first "3-man free-for-all wrestling match" held in Dallas, this statement in inaccurate.

On October 5, he teamed with Lubich, Patterson, Tanaka and George Hultz in a 10-man tag team match losing to Kozak, Valentine, Jose Lothario, Sabu Singh and Bobby Burns. He defeated Burns in a singles match later that night. In another best 2-of-3 falls match, he teamed with Wahoo McDaniel and lost to Thunderbolt Patterson and Toru Tanaka on October 26. In the following weeks, he faced Toru Tanaka, Patterson and Joe Dusek. He fought his last match in the promotion fighting former tag team partner Bronko Lubich on December 14, 1971.

World Wide Wrestling Federation (1972–1973)
In late 1972, Wolff began competing in the World Wide Wrestling Federation. He defeated Blackjack Slade in his debut match at Madison Square Garden on October 16, 1972. He defeated El Olympico but lost to Chief Jay Strongbow and Tony Garea during the next few weeks. He also faced his old trainer Verne Gagne at Madison Square Garden on November 27. The next month, he defeated Sonny King but lost to Victor Rivera via disqualification on December 29.

The following year, he faced then WWWF World Heavyweight Champion Pedro Morales at the Westchester Civic Center in White Plains, New York on January 24, 1973. He would be the first of several major opponents to challenge Morales for the title that year. Three days later, substituting for Prof. Toru Tanaka, he faced Chief Jay Strongbow at Sunnyside Gardens in Queens, New York. Later that day, he teamed with Moondog Mayne and King Curtis in a 6-man tag team match against Pedro Morales, Chief Jay Strongbow and Gorilla Monsoon in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on January 27.

On February 10, he would score his first victory defeating Mike Conrad and would face Pedro Morales in several matches during the year. Teaming with Prof. Toru Tanaka & Mr. Fuji losing to Pedro Morales, Gorilla Monsoon and Bobo Brazil at the Baltimore Civic Center in Baltimore, Maryland on February 20 and again faced Morales in a singles match at the Zembo Mosque in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania on February 23. During the match, Wolfe sustained a serious head wound after hitting one of the turnbuckles and the referee stopped the match.

He would also face Mil Máscaras and Lee Wong during the next several weeks before losing to Pedro Morales in a Texas Death match on March 16 and, the following night, teamed with Moondog Mayne and Toru Tanaka in a 6-man tag team match against Gorilla Monsoon, Sonny King and El Olympico. On March 26, he lost to André the Giant in his debut match at Madison Square Garden on March 26  and to Pedro Morales in New London, Connecticut on April 13.

He again faced Morales on April 21, during which time the match was again stopped by the referee due to a serious wound being sustained. He and Frank Valois faced André the Giant in a handicap match in Augusta, Maine on April 26 as well as facing Gorilla Monsoon and "Classie" Freddie Blassie before leaving the promotion in late April 1973.

American Wrestling Association & National Wrestling Alliance (1973–1978)
Later that year, he and Lars Anderson (under the name "Luscious" Larry Heinimi) began teaming together and billed as "cousins" although this was kayfabe. While in the Midwest, they were one of the top tag teams in the World Wrestling Association. They also had successful runs in the American Wrestling Association and in the Tri-State territory. For a brief time in the mid-1970s, he and Anderson owned and operated a chain of "shirt shacks" selling tie-dye shirts.

Wolff also traveled to Japan along with Ric Flair, Skandor Akbar and The Outlaws (Dick Murdoch & Dusty Rhodes) and toured with Isao Yoshihara's International Wrestling Enterprise promotion from June 18 to July 15, 1973. The next year, he made an appearance for Verne Gagne's American Wrestling Association fighting Greg Gagne to a time limit draw at Comiskey Park in Chicago, Illinois on September 7, 1974.

After Anderson lost a retirement match to Billy Robinson forcing him to leave the AWA, Wolff announced he had found a new tag team partner Kim Duk. He and Kim Duk had a brief but memorable run as a tag team, however they were ultimately unsuccessful in winning the AWA World Tag Team Championship and split up soon after. In one of their last appearances as a team, they lost to Greg Gagne & Jim Brunzell at the Omaha Civic Auditorium on August 19, 1975.

In October, while in NWA Texas, he scored victories over Red Bastien, Abe Jacobs and Bruiser Blackwell before fighting to a draw against NWA Texas Heavyweight Champion Al Madril in Dallas, Texas on October 28. The next night, he and John Tolos lost a tag team match to André the Giant and Jose Lothario in San Antonio. On November 3, he defeated Al Madril for the NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship. He successfully defended the title against Tony Atlas and in rematches with Al Madrill before he losing to John Tolos later that month.

In June 1976, he was a wrestling sparring partner for Muhammad Ali and later faced him in an exhibition match at an AWA event in Chicago. At the time, Ali was preparing for his match against Japanese wrestler Antonio Inoki. He was also a sparring partner for Kenny Jay. The next month he lost to Moose Cholak at Comiskey Park in Chicago, Illinois on August 27, 1976. Later that year, he traveled to Japan where he faced Abdullah the Butcher in a rare meeting.

While in NWA Florida, he teamed with Superstar Billy Graham and Steve Strong against Rhodes, Jack and Jerry Brisco at North Dade Jr. College in Miami on January 12, 1977. He also defeated Steve Keirn in a tournament final to win the vacant NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship in March before losing it to Dusty Rhodes three months later. The following year, he and Killer Karl Kox feuded with Rhodes and Wahoo McDaniel in Florida Championship Wrestling facing them in several tag team matches. Teaming with Ric Flair and Ox Baker, Wolfe lost to André the Giant and Dick the Bruiser in a three-on-two handicap match in St. Louis, Missouri on March 17, 1978.

Later career and retirement (1983–1988)
He defeated Lars Anderson for the WWL Heavyweight Championship in Joplin, Missouri on January 18, 1983. After this point, Wolff began to slow down making brief appearances in various regional territories. He teamed with Ken Timbs against Tojo Yamamoto & Johnny Wilhoit at the Mid-South Coliseum in Memphis, Tennessee on July 16, 1984.

He eventually returned to the AWA where he spent the last years of his career. At the supercard Brawl in St. Paul, Wolff fought Buck Zumhofe to a time limit draw at St. Paul Civic Center in St. Paul, Minnesota on December 25, 1986. The following year at SuperClash II, with Doug Somers & "Mr. Magnificent" Kevin Kelly, Wolff lost to Ray Stevens and The Midnight Rockers (Shawn Michaels & Marty Jannetty) in a 6-man tag team match at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California on May 2, 1987.

Personal life
Wolff played football in high school and college, later attending St. Cloud State College, prior to becoming a former defensive end for the Norfolk Neptunes. He was voted Rookie of the Year during his first year in the Continental Football League but left the organization in 1968 to pursue a career in professional wrestling.

He was also the husband of Vivian Vachon, a popular French-Canadian female wrestler and member of the famous Vachon wrestling family, to whom he was married from 1976 to 1979. He also had two daughters, Lisa and Ann, from his first marriage.

Following his retirement, he eventually moved to Hackensack, Minnesota and formed a company, Banner Saver Pro 2000, which manufactures special custom brackets to keep banners from falling off signs in strong winds. He came up with the idea while watching the 2002 Winter Olympics and saw some of the banners being blown off signs.

In 2003, he made a public appearance with the Vachon brothers at the 2003 Cauliflower Alley Club Banquet & Reunion in Las Vegas, Nevada from April 4–6, 2003. At the event, he gave a speech.

Death
On July 11, 2017, Wolff's daughter Lisa Wolff Clausen posted on her Facebook page that Wolfe had died. Minnesota historian and decades-long friend George Schire afterwards stated that Wolfe had been battling dementia in recent years. His brain will be donated to Boston University.

Championships and accomplishments
American Wrestling Association
AWA Midwest Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Championship Wrestling from Florida
NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
NWA Tri-State
NWA United States Tag Team Championship (Tri-State version) (2 times) – with Don Jardine
NWA Big-Time Wrestling
NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

References

External links
Wrestler: Buddy Wolff
Lars and Les's inventions, the Tummy Twister
Les Wolff's Sports Memorabilia

Category:1944 births
Category:2017 deaths
Category:American male professional wrestlers
Category:Sportspeople from St. Cloud, Minnesota
Category:Professional wrestlers from Minnesota
Category:People from Blue Earth, Minnesota


Aloeides molomo

Aloeides molomo, the molomo copper, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in southern Africa.

The wingspan is 22–33 mm for males and 24–35 mm for females. Adults are on wing from August to December and from March to April. There are two generations per year.

The larvae of A. m. krooni feed on Sida ovata.

Subspecies
A. m. molomo (Eastern Cape, Free State, eastern Northern Cape, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West)
A. m. mumbuensis Riley, 1921 (Botswana, Zambia)
A. m. kiellandi Carcasson, 1961 (south-western Tanzania: Mpanda)
A. m. krooni Tite & Dickson, 1973 (northern Northern Cape to Namibia and Botswana)
A. m. coalescens Tite & Dickson, 1973 (Zimbabwe)
A. m. handmani Tite & Dickson, 1973 (Malawi)

References

Category:Butterflies described in 1870
Category:Aloeides
Category:Butterflies of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Roland Trimen


2020 North Texas SC season

The 2020 North Texas SC season is the second season in the soccer team's history, where they compete in the third division of American soccer, USL League One. North Texas SC, as a child club of FC Dallas of Major League Soccer, are barred from participating in the 2020 U.S. Open Cup. North Texas SC will play their first two home games at Toyota Stadium in Frisco, Texas, United States, and their remaining home games at Globe Life Park in Arlington, Texas.

Club

Roster
As of February 27, 2020.

Coaching staff
As of February 27, 2020.

Front Office Staff

Competitions

Exhibitions

USL League One

Standings

Results summary

Results by round

Match Results

References

Category:North Texas SC seasons
North Texas SC
North Texas SC
North Texas SC


Duttaphrynus scaber

Duttaphrynus scaber (common names: Schneider's (dwarf) toad, and for the now-synonymized Bufo fergusonii, Ferguson's toad and Boulenger's burrowing toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in peninsular India and Sri Lanka. Bufo fergusonii, now synonymized with Duttaphrynus scaber, was named after Harold S. Ferguson who collected the type specimen.

Duttaphrynus scaber is a widespread and common toad in India and Sri Lanka up to elevations of about  asl. It is a terrestrial species that occurs in various habitats: wet evergreen tropical forest, tropical dry forest, dry scrubland, grassland, coastal marshes and rural farmland areas. Adult toads are generally found under ground cover, except during the breeding season when they are found in grasslands close to waterbodies. The tadpoles develop in stagnant waters.

In parts of its range, Duttaphrynus scaber is seriously threatened by habitat loss caused by deforestation, pollution, and urbanization.

References

scaber
Category:Frogs of India
Category:Frogs of Sri Lanka
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Category:Amphibians described in 1799


Leadgate, Northumberland

Leadgate is a hamlet just outside Chopwell in southern Northumberland, England. It is 4.5 miles (7.3 km) southeast of Stocksfield and 1 mile (1.8 km) northwest of Chopwell. The hamlet borders onto the Metropolitan borough of Gateshead and a small part of Leadgate sprawls into the borough. The eastern edge of the area is the junction between Greenhead Road and Lead Road, which lead to Chopwell (to the south east) and Coalburns (to the north east) respectively. Leadgate is also home to Northumbria Gliding Club and a number of farms.
The area is split between the Northumberland ward of South Tynedale and the Metropolitan borough of Gateshead ward of Chopwell and Rowlands Gill. The station is at Wylam to the north.

Leadgate, as a hamlet, has a population of only between 20 and 30. Nearby Hedley on the Hill, just to the west, has more residents. Leadgate in Northumberland is not to be confused with a place of the same name in County Durham which is almost 7 miles (11 km) to the south.

References

Category:Hamlets in Northumberland
Category:Hamlets in Tyne and Wear


Count Duckula

Count Duckula is a British animated comedy horror  television series created by British studio Cosgrove Hall Films and produced by Thames Television as a spin-off from Danger Mouse, a series in which the Count Duckula character was a recurring villain. Count Duckula aired from 6 September 1988 to 16 February 1993 across four series; in all, 65 episodes were made, each about 22 minutes long. All have been released on DVD in the UK, while only the first series has been released in North America.

This show should not be confused with the short lived 1979 Quacula which was produced by Filmation and appeared as part of their Mighty Mouse and Heckle and Jeckle cartoon hour.

Count Duckula then reappeared in the 2015 TV Series of Danger Mouse.

History

Count Duckula was created by British studio Cosgrove Hall Films as a spin-off from Danger Mouse. In 1984 Nickelodeon acquired the US broadcast rights to Danger Mouse, which became a hit for the channel. After a few years, the Nickelodeon management came to Cosgrove Hall wishing to co-produce a new series. After being shown a number of ideas, the then head of Nickelodeon, Geraldine Laybourne, spotted a picture of Count Duckula in Brian Cosgrove's office, and said "that's the one I want". As the series went into production, one of the writers suggested he become a vegetarian, which added an even sillier concept to the series.

Spin-offs

In a move mirroring Duckula's adaptation from Danger Mouse, the characters of Gaston and Pierre were reinvented and given a spinoff series as the now-human Victor and Hugo.

Count Duckula appeared in North American comics under Star Comics (an imprint of Marvel Comics) and introduced an additional difference between this incarnation of Duckula which separated him from his predecessors. Due to ketchup being used in the resurrection ceremony, this version of Duckula has ketchup, rather than blood, flowing through his veins. This was discovered when Duckula was given a blood test in order to get a passport into a fictional country which produced a salad which Duckula was obsessed with getting to eat. In the same issue, Duckula, Nanny, and Igor were photographed as a means of formal ID for said country; however, due to the classic stereotype of vampires not appearing in film, Duckula did not appear in the photo which was taken. Duckula also gained a romantic interest in the Star Comics run; Vanna Von Goosewing, who turned out to be the niece of his long time adversary Dr. Von Goosewing. The attraction was mutual, and the two continued their relationship through the majority of the series after their introduction, though Vanna didn't always appear in every issue of the book.

Plot
Several episodes explore the theme that each resurrection creates a new incarnation with little to no memory of its past life, the immediate past incarnation referred to as the current's "father". Thus, every incarnation is free to develop its own personality and pursue its own personal interests.  The vampire is able to pose as a "dreadful dynasty, the counts of Duckula". The preceding generations included knights, sorcerers, scientists, artists, Egyptologists and even professional gamblers, all of whom are also secretly "vicious vampire ducks".

As the title sequence puts it, "the latest reincarnation did not run according to plan". The successful conclusion of the ritual requires blood, the source of sustenance for any vampire, but Nanny accidentally substitutes ketchup.  Consequently, the newest version is not a blood-sucking vampire, but a vegetarian one.  He is more interested in juicy carrots than hunting for victims.  Igor is appalled.  Even worse, his "new" master is obsessed with pursuing wealth and fame as an entertainer.

The stories often center around Duckula's adventures in search of riches and fame, assisted by the castle's ability to teleport around the world.  Another regularly occurring theme is the repeated attempt by Igor to turn Duckula into a proper vampire.  Some episodes feature Duckula's nemesis Doctor Von Goosewing (based on Dr. Abraham Van Helsing, the nemesis of Dracula), a vampire hunter who blindly refuses to believe the current incarnation of Duckula is harmless.  There is also an array of bizarre, often supernatural foes, from zombies to mechanical werewolves.  Another feature of the show is a cuckoo clock whose bat-like Borscht Belt comedian styled characters come out and make jokes about the current situation (or corny jokes in general).  The clock is also a vital part of the castle's traveling mechanism, and even has the ability to turn back time.

A series of annuals and monthly comics further detailing the adventures of Count Duckula and associated characters were released throughout the time that the series originally aired and for a short time afterwards.

Voice cast
 Count Duckula: David Jason
 Igor: Jack May
 Nanny: Brian Trueman
 Dr. Von Goosewing: Jimmy Hibbert
 Dimitri: Brian Trueman
 Sviatoslav: Jimmy Hibbert
 Narrator: Barry Clayton
 Various other characters: Barry Clayton, Jimmy Hibbert, David Jason, Jack May, Brian Trueman and Ruby Wax
 Theme song vocalists: Doreen Edwards and Mike Harding

Characters

Count Duckula
Duckula (full title: Count Duckula the 17th) is a short green duck with black parted hair and the traditional vampire evening wear, and speaks with an American accent, despite being voiced by a British actor. He has no fangs, and his favourite food, as a vegetarian, is broccoli sandwiches.  He occasionally has been seen wearing pyjamas with a Danger Mouse logo, a reference to the character's origin. The Duckula family motto is Per ardua ad sanguina, which means "work hard for blood".

He has a very modern outlook, and often despairs over the traditional vampire image he is expected to embody. He hates living in a dark, gloomy castle, and finds the behaviour of his servants to be depressing. Duckula frequently expresses frustration with Igor's attempts to change him back into a proper vampire and his lecturing Duckula as a disgrace and disappointment to the Duckula lineage. Although he retains some vampiric powers and qualities (such as teleportation and an image invisible to mirrors), he also possesses a lesser power, seen only once, which is the ability to create a lightning flash when angry. He often goes outside in the daytime without suffering any ill effects, but this is likely because of his not being a full "traditional" vampire, which do not do so as a result of the 1922 film Nosferatu, which introduced the idea that sunlight destroyed vampires into modern interpretations of vampires and vampirism in general. It may also be a reference to the fact that Dracula, whom the character is based on, was able to move about by daylight in the original novel, though with his powers reduced or rendered nonexistent until the sun set. In the episode "Doctor Goosewing and Mr. Duck", Count Duckula briefly turns into a "proper" vampire, desiring blood from the villagers outside the castle (much to Igor's great delight), due to a serum slipped to him by von Goosewing that he presumed would make Duckula harmless, but he turns away from the door when he discovers that the sun is still out and is returned to normal by night.

Although he is often egotistical and selfish, Duckula is good-natured, often trying to help people, although he usually succeeds only in making them hate him. He is prone to short-lived obsessions, often forming the plots for episodes, such as attempting to become a blues musician in New Orleans, prospecting for gold, or becoming a cowboy or performer.

The character differs considerably from his predecessor on the Danger Mouse series. In fact, the only similarities, other than the name, is they are both vampire ducks with ambitions in show business with little actual talent. The previous version was an evil villain, willing to blackmail and force his way into stardom (as opposed to the current Count, who merely tries to get in the legitimate way) and was fixated on being a TV star, rather than settle for fame in some other branch of entertainment. He has far greater magical powers and makes much more use of them. He has a thick accent consisting of lisping, stuttering and occasional squawks. Most notably, he was not a vegetarian in the Danger Mouse version. In his very first appearance, he threatened to drink Danger Mouse's blood, only to be chased away by the sun. The Danger Mouse Duckula was destroyed and fell to ashes, resurrected during the 8th astronomical house of Aquarius. During his recent appearance in the 2015 reboot, the new Duckula is a mix of the original and the vegetarian version from his spin-off.

Marvel Comics (via their Star Comics imprint) produced a comic series based on Count Duckula, and introduced an additional difference between this incarnation of Duckula which separated him from his predecessors. Due to ketchup being used in the resurrection ceremony, this version of Duckula has ketchup, rather than blood, flowing through his veins. This was discovered when Duckula was given a blood test in order to get a passport into a fictional country which produced a salad which Duckula was obsessed with getting to eat. In the same issue, Duckula, Nanny, and Igor were photographed as a means of formal ID for said country; however, due to the classic stereotype of vampires not appearing in film, Duckula did not appear in the photo which was taken. Duckula also gained a romantic interest in the Star Comics run; Vanna Von Goosewing, who turned out to be the niece of his long time adversary Dr. Von Goosewing. The attraction was mutual, and the two continued their relationship though the majority of the series after their introduction, though Vanna did not always appear in every issue of the book.

Igor
Igor, the Count's butler, is a traditional horror servant based on the stock character Igor, and adds a decidedly dark streak to some of the show's humour. He greatly dislikes his master's behaviour, and often encourages him to act in a far more ghastly manner.  Although he will generally obey Duckula's specific orders, he remains convinced that, if he could only talk Duckula into biting, maiming, torturing and otherwise brutalising people, he would return to the "good old days" of the previous counts who behaved more like evil vampires. Igor hates words such as "bless you," "nice," "good," and "lovely." Such words make him cringe, since he prefers the darker and more sinister side of life. In "Dr Goosewing and Mr Duck" when he accidentally drinks the carpet stain removal liquid created by Goosewing his personality changes to an overly sweet-natured demeanour and he becomes eager to help Goosewing destroy Duckula.

He is a hunched, balding vulture with a deep, slow voice. In the episode "Arctic Circles," he states that he has served for "seven-and-a-half centuries," indicating that Igor is himself either immortal, or extremely long-lived through some unknown means.  It is unknown if the 7.5 centuries constitutes the totality of the 17-count Duckula dynasty, or if Igor has only served the most recent few incarnations.

Nanny
Nanny is Duckula's nanny and housekeeper. She is an extremely large (in the episode "Alps-A-Daisy," it is revealed she is seven feet tall) and clumsy hen with a very strong Bristolian accent and her right wing inexplicably always in a sling, possessing incredible strength and inevitably messing up whatever task she is set to do.  She has a blind spot regarding doors, and often crashes through a door without opening it first, or (more commonly) walks right through the wall, especially a few feet off from the door's position.  Not surprisingly, she is the one who mistakes ketchup for blood in Duckula's current resurrection. The episode "Prime Time Duck" reveals her first name to be Amnesia.

She is supremely unintelligent, completely unreliable, but utterly devoted to her "Ducky-boos," as she calls Duckula, and has a deep maternal affection for him, although her clumsiness often inadvertently causes him harm.  A recurring gag is her inability to understand what people around her are talking about.  She often mixes up words and takes insult at conversations not directed at her. She is very ditzy and motherly, sometimes hugging Duckula so tightly she nearly suffocates him. In "Dr Goosewing and Mr Duck" when she accidentally drinks the carpet stain removal liquid created by Goosewing she becomes extremely intelligent.

Castle Duckula
Count Duckula's home is an archetypal Transylvanian castle with all the trimmings: dungeon, torture chamber, library of macabre texts, laboratory, and more.  The castle is also home to an often referred-to, but never seen, werewolf named Towser, which Duckula does not believe exists (he often refers to it as "the werewolf we don't have"). The castle can teleport to any place on earth (and beyond), but returns automatically at dawn, "Eastern Transylvanian Standard Time".  The teleportation is activated when Duckula enters an upright coffin while he states where he wants it to take him (often, he will have to come up with a rhyme to activate it properly). The controls to this device are inside an old-fashioned cuckoo clock that hangs on the wall, who have two live mechanical bats, Dmitri and Sviatoslav, who are known for the bad puns and jokes. Duckula himself, throughout the entire series never notices them except in the episode The Rest is History.

Dr. Von Goosewing
Dr. Von Goosewing is a mad scientist and vampire hunter, a spoof of Abraham Van Helsing. He is a goose that speaks in a German accent, and wears an outfit not unlike that of Sherlock Holmes. He pursues Count Duckula relentlessly, never able to comprehend that Duckula is actually completely harmless. He is a terrible scientist, often getting maimed by his own crackpot inventions, he is supremely unobservant, and often bumps into Duckula and converses with him for several minutes without realizing to whom he is speaking.

Von Goosewing appears to have an assistant named Heinrich (who never appears on screen). Von Goosewing often calls for Heinrich, and often blames his failures on him. In fact, "Heinrich" appears to be just a figment of Von Goosewing's imagination, an imaginary friend. However, the comic book version of the characters by Marvel reveal that Heinrich is actually his former assistant who is always complaining about his paltry wages.

The Marvel Comics run also introduced Vanna Von Goosewing, who was stated to be Von Goosewing's niece. Vanna and Duckula's reciprocal romance further infuriated Von Goosewing, as he now believed that Vanna was under some form of mental manipulation, assuming it to be the only reason she would have any interest in Duckula. This belief made him all the more intent on destroying Duckula as he now considered his mission to have a personal component to it, believing Duckula to be a threat to Vanna's safety. In an alternate universe depicted in the final issue of the comic, Von Goosewing, though he does not appear in the issue directly, is stated to have succeeded in destroying the counterpart Duckula of that reality, indicating it to be the reason why the 'regular' Duckula of the series had no reflection, and leaving Igor and Nanny without anyone to serve until the next time the resurrection ritual could be performed.

The Crow brothers
The Crow brothers are four criminally-inclined crows named Ruffles, Burt, Junior, and the masked brother (according to a comic in a Count Duckula annual).  They typically scale the walls of Castle Duckula with the aid of climbing equipment.  They are always seen hanging off one another with the use of bungee cords to climb the walls of whatever building they plan to scale.  Their goal is to get at the treasure inside the castle, but they will rarely make it to the top.

Gaston and Pierre
Gaston and Pierre are a pair of French criminals and occasional villains.  Although they are both undeniably incompetent, the arrogant Gaston is ostensibly the "brains" of the outfit.  Gaston is a tall, thin, black stork, while Pierre is a short, stubby parakeet who sounds similar to Bluebottle from The Goon Show.  The characters were adapted into non-bird form for yet another Cosgrove-Hall animated series, Victor and Hugo.

Pirate penguins
A ruthless crew of piratical penguins originally hired by Count Duckula, this crew of seafarers turn on Count Duckula when his antics crash their ship.  All of the penguins are typical pirate stereotypes, one of which is known as Mr. Mate and shouts that he will "bite their heads off!"

Narrator

The narrator (Barry Clayton) opens and closes every episode. Episodes usually began with him describing Castle Duckula and its gloomy atmosphere, and close with him saying a phrase popularised in the 1950s and 1960s by American TV horror host John Zacherle, "Goodnight out there ... WHATever you are!" Variants of this line are also used to close certain programmes.

Relatives
Duckula has numerous vampiric relatives all over the world, who are more classic vampires than Duckula, possessing fangs, red eyes and evil personalities.  Only a small number, such as Don Diego, show any affinity or friendship toward the benign Count Duckula.

They come from many different countries, such as Spain and Scotland, and their costumes represent their native cultures.  The relatives include Don Diego, a Spanish vampire duck who makes his fun and games by burning down villages, and Rory McDuckula, a Scottish vampire duck who later makes himself an enemy of Duckula. "Uncle Bloodbath" is also mentioned a few times.

The peasants

The town situated below Castle Duckula is home to many peasants who live in constant fear of the count, despite his harmless current incarnation.  A recurring joke in the series and associated books is that "the peasants are revolting".  Their local pub is called "The Tooth and Jugular,".  The regulars are often seen singing a variation of the traditional song "One Man Went to Mow a Meadow!" replacing the words "mow a meadow" with "kill a vampire".

Episode list

International Broadcast
  United Kingdom
 ITV (CITV) (1988-1994, 2013)
 Nickelodeon (1993-2001)
 Sky1 (1998-2001)
 Channel 4
  United States of America
 Nickelodeon (1989–1994)
 Cartoon Network (2002-2004. October 1, 2011-October 1, 2016)
 ABC (1994-July 07, 2001)
 The Disney Channel (1990–April 5, 1997)
 Toon Disney (1998-2009)
 Disney XD (2009-September 30, 2011)
  Australia
 ABC
 Network Ten
 Nickelodeon
 7Two
 Nine Network
  Bulgaria
 Diema Family
  Canada
 YTV
 Teletoon (October 17, 1997-February 4, 2007)
 Canal Famille (now known as VRAK.TV) (The French Canadian version was named "Mordicus".)
  Czech Republic
 Supermax
  France
 Canal J (as "Comte Mordicus".)
 France 2 (as "Comte Mordicus".)
 France 5 (as "Comte Mordicus".)
 TF1 (as "Comte Mordicus".)
 M6 (as "Comte Mordicus".)
  Germany
 ARD (1991–1994)
 Kabel 1 (1997-?)
 KI.KA (2004-?)
 Sat.1 (2002-2003)
 Pro7 as part of trick7
 Super RTL (1995-2013) as part of Toggolino
 BFBS
 Junior (2001-2006)
  Greece
 Boomerang (Greece)
  Hong Kong
 TVB Pearl
 TVB Jade
 Star Plus (1994–96, English)
 Star Chinese Channel (1994–96, Chinese)
  Iceland
 RÚV (Icelandic dub-over, under the title "Brakúla greifi".)
 Stöð 2 (Icelandic dub-over, under the title "Brakúla greifi".)
  India
 Star Plus (1994–96)
  Indonesia
 antv (2012)
  Iran
 Channel 2 IRIB (1990's & 2000's) (as "The Castle of A Thousand Ducks".)
  Israel
 Channel 1 (Israel)
  Italy
 Italia 1 (1989)
  Malaysia
 TV3 (2002)
 TV9 (2009)
  Mexico
 Televisa still aired the show up to January 2006, on Canal 5. The success of the animated series in Mexico is partly attributed to its translation and voicework in Spanish, which was the very first to be done in a loose style, translating not only languages but cultural references and humor as well, uncommon in movies or television shows until Count Duckula, or "Conde Pátula" as it is known in Spanish.
  Netherlands
 Boomerang
 NPO 3
  Philippines
 GMA 7
  Poland
 TVP1 (In 1993; some episodes, but was removed due to decision to dubbing.)
 TVP2
 Boomerang
  Portugal
 RTP 2
 Canal Panda
 Disney Channel
 Nickelodeon
  Saudi Arabia
 Channel 3
  Serbia
 Happy TV
  South Africa
 Boomerang
  Spain
 TVE 1 (1991. Only seasons 1 and 2.)
 Antena 3 Televisión (1992. The seasons 1 and 2 were emitted by the same TVE's Spanish dubbing, but the seasons 3 and 4 were doubled by Antena 3 Televisión because they did not manage to be emitted in TVE 1. Duckula, Igor and Nanny possess the same names that in the original version. The title in Spain is "El Conde Duckula", and the main theme song also is the same that the original version (in English).
 Clan TVE  (called "Los Pátula Aventuras".)
  Sweden
 TV3 (Sweden)
  United Arab Emirates
 Channel 33
  Russia
 Nickelodeon (1998-2022)
 Disney Channel (1999-2013)
  Brazil
 SBT
 TV Cultura

Home media

DVD releases
The Count Duckula disks from Fremantle Media are in Region 0, PAL format. The first season was released on Region 1 DVD on 4 October 2005.  Seasons 2, 3 & 4 have, as of , not been released in North America. Although in Mexico, the first season and second season were released on DVD and it was also available released in America.

Complete set

Individual series

Individual episodes

VHS releases
During the show's original run, Count Duckula episodes were released on numerous VHS titles from Thames Video collection, often in a different sequence than what was shown in the TV.

This VHS title appeared in 1990 but, at the time, the episodes contained were somewhat exclusive to video (the first was not televised until 1991, neither was the latter until 1993).

Count Duckula episodes were also released on special VHS compilations with episodes of other series. In 1989, the episode "Down under Duckula" was released on Thames' VHS title More Children's Summer Stories, with episodes from Danger Mouse and The Wind in the Willows.  In 2001, in the twilight years of VHS, the episodes "The Ghost of Castle McDuckula" and "Venice a Duck, Not a Duck!" were featured on two cult kids' collection tapes, with episodes of Rainbow, Chorlton & the Wheelies, Button Moon and Jamie & the Magic Torch.

Audiobooks

In the early 1990s at least two episodes were released in audiobook format on cassette tape with accompanying illustrated hardcover book featuring artwork from the original television episodes.  They featured the original cast in new performances as they were edited considerably from the original television scripts for a shorter duration, removal of visual gags and the addition of new narration and character exposition where necessary.  The "Restoration Comedy" episode was packaged with a small plastic Count Duckula figure in some territories.

 No Sax Please, We're Egyptian
 Restoration Comedy

Computer games
Alternative Software released a computer game based on Count Duckula called "No Sax Please, We're Egyptian!". In the game, Igor, Nanny and Count Duckula have decided to search the tomb of the great Pharaoh Upanatem (a pun on "up and at 'em") to find the mystic saxophone.  What they do not know is that they have brought along some unwanted guests in the form of the Crow brothers.

The game was a basic jump and run platform-type game.  At the start, the castle was transported to an ancient pyramid. Then, players had a set amount of time to go through the pyramid, evading the various baddies inside the pyramid, to retrieve the mystic sax before the Count's castle automatically returns to Transylvania, leaving the player stranded in Egypt.

The title of the game was a parody on the title of a British comedy play No Sex Please, We're British!.

The game was available for various 8-bit computers such as the ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, & Amstrad CPC, and was also released as a "Kid's Pack" with other TV shows that Alternative Software turned into games, including "Postman Pat," "Sooty and Sweep," "Popeye 2," "The Wombles," and "Superted".  Alternative Software was one of the few software companies of the 1980s that still survives today as an independent software producer.

There was also a Count Duckula 2 sequel in 1992.

See also
 List of vampire television series
 Vampire film

Footnotes

External links

 .
 .
 .
 https://web.archive.org/web/20150722201838/http://www.nyanko.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/chamb/duckula.html

Category:1988 British television series debuts
Category:1993 British television series endings
Category:1980s British children's television series
Category:1990s British children's television series
Category:British children's animated television programmes
Category:Dark fantasy television series
Category:British horror comedy television series
Category:Animated horror television series
Duckula
Duckula
Duckula
Duckula
Duckula
Category:ITV children's television programmes
Category:Television series by Fremantle (company)
Category:British television spin-offs
Category:Television programs adapted into comics
Category:British animated television programmes featuring anthropomorphic characters
Category:Vampires in animated television
Category:English-language television programs
Category:British comedy television programmes
Category:Television programmes produced by Thames Television
Category:British fantasy television series
Category:1980s British animated television series
Category:1990s British animated television series
Category:1980s Nickelodeon shows
Category:Fictional characters who became a protagonist in a spin-off
Category:Television series by Cosgrove Hall Films
Category:Vegetarianism in fiction
Category:YTV shows
Category:Fox Kids original programming
Category:Toon Disney


Ironi Bnei Kabul F.C.

Ironi Bnei Kabul () is an Israeli football club based in Kabul.  The club is the result of the merger of two local rivals, Hapoel Bnei Kabul and Maccabi Ironi Kabul. They are currently in Liga Bet North A division.

History
The club was founded in 2010 as the result of the merger of Hapoel Bnei Kabul, which finished the 2009–10 season as runners-up in Liga Gimel Upper Galilee division and were promoted to Liga Bet after a spot was vacated in that league, and Maccabi Ironi Kabul, which were relegated at the same season from Liga Bet to Liga Gimel. The merged club inherited Hapoel's spot in Liga Bet.

The club finished its first season in Liga Bet at the fifth place of North A division and qualified for the Promotion play-offs, where they beat Hapoel Ihud Bnei Sumei by a result of 2–1 and F.C. Ahva Kafr Manda by a result of 2–0, and advanced to the regional final, where they lost 2–3 to F.C. Givat Olga. Two seasons later, the club finished in the third place and qualified once more for the Promotion play-offs, where they lost 1–2 in the first round to Hapoel Kaukab. In the 2014–15 season, the club reached its best placing to date, when they finished as runners-up and qualified for their third Promotion play-offs, where in the first round, they beat Beitar Haifa by a result of 1–0 after extra time and lost 0–2 to Maccabi Ironi Acre in the second round.

Honours

League

1Achieved by Hapoel Kabul
2Achieved by Maccabi Kabul

Cups

External links
Ironi Bnei Kabul The Israel Football Association

References

Kabul
Category:Association football clubs established in 2010
Category:2010 establishments in Israel


Barwala (Vidhan Sabha constituency)

Barwala Vidhan Sabha constituency () is one of the 90 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Haryana state in northern India.

Subedar Prabhu Singh from Bhiwani was the first MLA from Barwala in the election held in the year 1967. He defeated Sh Amar Singh by 6000 votes .

Overview
It is part of Hisar Lok Sabha constituency which cover the following nine Vidhan Sabha segments, namely,

Bhiwani district
Bawani Khera (Vidhan Sabha constituency)

Jind district
 Uchana (Vidhan Sabha constituency)

Hisar district
 Adampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
 Hansi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
 Uklana (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
 Narnaund (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
 Nalwa Chaudhry (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
 Barwala (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
 Hisar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)

Winners
Subedar Prabhu Singh from Bhiwani was the first MLA from Barwala in the election held in 1967. He defeated Sh Amar Singh by 6000 votes.

2014–2019
Ved Narang of Indian National Lok Dal won the 2014 Haryana Legislative Assembly election on 19 October 2014.

See also

 Haryana Legislative Assembly
 Elections in Haryana
 Elections in India
 Lok Sabha
 Rajya Sabha
 Election Commission of India

References

External links
 Chief Election Officer, Haryana

Category:Assembly constituencies of Haryana
Category:Hisar district


Alternate versions of Scarlet Witch

The Scarlet Witch is a fictional superheroine appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in X-Men #4 (March 1964) and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. The character has since starred in two self-titled limited series with husband the Vision, and has historically been depicted as a regular team member in superhero title The Avengers. She has numerous alternative versions throughout the Marvel Comics multiverse.

Age of Apocalypse
Age of Apocalypse was a comic book event where reality was altered by a time travel, and the mutant Apocalypse wages a devastating war over the world. The Scarlet Witch appears in X-Men Chronicles #1, a comic set in the early days of the war. She is a member of the X-Men, led by her father Magneto. While the team fights Apocalypse in his first attack, she dies defending their base on Wundagore Mountain from Nemesis. As a last request, she asks the newly recruited Rogue to stay close to her father.

The event was quite popular, and many new comics set in it were published in later years. One of those comics was Uncanny X-Force #19.1. The long dead Scarlet Witch is cloned, so that Jean Grey can control her body and use her power to replicate the mass mutant depowering seen in the House of M event. The spell fails, and only works in a limited radius, depowering only Jean Grey and Sabretooth.

Heroes Reborn
The Scarlet Witch is one of the Avengers participating in the defeat of the entity Onslaught, and is subsequently trapped in the Heroes Reborn universe. In this artificial reality, with her mutant heritage non-existent, Wanda was raised by Agatha Harkness, with the Asgardian sorceress the Enchantress falsely claiming to be her mother.

Exiles
The title Exiles features an alternate version from Earth-8823 with the call sign "Witch". The character joins the inter-dimensional superhero team but is killed in action, and is replaced—without the knowledge of her teammates—by yet another alternate version of herself.

Marvel 1602
In Marvel 1602, Sister Wanda and her brother, Petros, are followers of Enrique, High Inquisitor of the Spanish Catholic Church.

Marvel Noir
In the limited series X-Men Noir, Wanda Magnus is a wealthy socialite and the daughter of Chief of Detectives Eric Magnus.

Marvel Zombies
In the Marvel Zombies storyline, an alternate universe version of Scarlet Witch helps Ash find the Necronomicon Ex-Mortis. Wanda is eventually attacked, hunted down and infected by zombified vigilante the Punisher. She reappears, still "zombified" in the third instalment in the series, Marvel Zombies 3. She works with the Kingpin, using the Vision—who was still in love with her—to block enemy radio signals as necessary. She (along with the other zombies) was later confronted by Machine Man, and Jocasta, who decided to save the Vision and finally kill the zombie Kingpin. At yet one point, zombie Scarlet Witch is decapitated by Machine Man's temporary chainsaw limb and was ripped apart in the zombie pile where Machine Man and Jocasta are victorious.

MC2
An older version of Scarlet Witch appears in the MC2 title A-Next. Having been placed in a coma during the original Avengers final battle (as part of an attempt to save Iron Man), Scarlet Witch was captured, revived, and brainwashed by Loki as part of his plan to corrupt various heroes into punishing the Avengers. She eventually returned to her normal mindset, and has made sporadic appearances in the MC2 universe since then.

Ultimate Marvel

In the Ultimate Marvel imprint title Ultimates, Scarlet Witch and her brother Quicksilver defect from Magneto's Brotherhood of Mutant Supremacy to the Ultimates in exchange for the release of imprisoned Brotherhood members

In the third volume of Ultimates 3, the Scarlet Witch is killed by a lovesick Ultron which is later revealed to have been orchestrated by Doctor Doom. She is shown to be alive in Wundagore together with Teddy (Blob's other mutant child), Quicksilver and Mystique. However this is revealed to be an illusion by Apocalypse.

The Ultimate version's powers differ from the mainstream version's in that the character has to "do the math" in order to use her powers—she must calculate the mathematical probability that the effect she intends to create will actually happen; the more complex the effect, the more complex the mathematical formula.

Infinity Warp
During Infinity Wars, when the universe was folded in half, the Scarlet Witch was fused with X-23 to create Weapon Hex. The Evolutionaries, an occult and scientific group, had been using mutants in order for one of them to become a vessel for Mephicton (fusion of Mephisto and Chthon). However, this process always resulted in the mutants death. Seeing that their plan was failing, the groups leaders, Sarah Kinney and Herbert Wyndham decided to conceive a flawed child to act as the perfect vessel for the demon. However, Sara raised Laura and told her about empathy and humanity, while Herbert wanted the girl to be a weapon. At the age of seventeen, Laura along with Hellhound (fusion of Magik and Sabretooth) were sent on missions. Following her mother's death and discovering that she had a younger sister named Gavrill (fusion of Quicksilver and Honey Badger), she decided to escape the Evolutionaries along with her sister, but was cut in pieces by Hellhound, while Herbert took Gavrill in order for her to become the new vessel for Mephicton. Laura eventually healed and killed both Hellhound and Herbert with the latter being attacked by the spirits who had died from his experiments. After that, Laura along with her sister left the place.

Marvel Cinematic Universe
In the film universe or Earth-199999, Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch is played by American actress Elizabeth Olsen.

Wanda makes her debut in the mid-credits scene of Captain America: The Winter Soldier, where she and her brother Pietro are shown as test subjects of Hydra leader Baron Strucker. She is shown levitating small blocks with her psionic powers and then crushing it.

Wanda then has a major role in Avengers: Age of Ultron, where she and Pietro escape from Strucker's lab and side with the rogue Ultron against the Avengers, due to harbouring a vendetta against Tony Stark, Ultron's creator as they hold him responsible for their parents' deaths from his weapons dealing days, in their second encounter Wanda subdues the majority of the team with her powers, giving them disturbing visions and also setting the Hulk loose in the city. They later learn the full extent of Ultron's plans and switch sides after realising the error of their ways. In the ensuing conflict against Ultron in Sokovia, Pietro is killed trying to protect a child and Clint Barton resulting in a vengeful Wanda destroying Ultron's main body, thus shutting down and eliminating his army. Wanda later becomes a member of the new team lead by Steve Rogers and Natasha Romanoff alongside Vision, Sam Wilson and James Rhodes.

Wanda next appears in Captain America: Civil War, she aids Rogers, Romanoff and Wilson in stopping Crossbones from stealing a nuclear weapon, but loses control of her powers and accidentally pushes Crossbones as he activated a bomb to kill himself across a nearby building killing several Wakandan relief workers, much to her horror as she only tried to contain the blast. Wanda is unsure of her opinion on the Sokovia Accords but later sides with Captain America against them which was further fueled when she was placed under house arrest by Vision on the orders of Stark, until Barton (who owed her a debt as Pietro died saving his life) rescues her. During the battle against Stark and his faction, she mainly targets Romanoff, Peter Parker and T'Challa. Wanda is later imprisoned alongside Barton, Wilson and Scott Lang but is broken out by Captain America and goes into hiding. She is also shown growing close to Vision and has developed romantic feelings for him.

Two years later, in Avengers: Infinity War, Wanda and Vision are shown living in Scotland and have formed a romantic relationship. They are soon ambushed by Corvus Glaive and Proxima Midnight who seek Vision's Mind Stone for their master Thanos. Wanda and Vision struggle fighting them until they are rescued by Rogers, Romanoff and Wilson who were contacted by Bruce Banner. The five later regroup with Banner and Rhodes in the New Avengers Facility and travel to Wakanda to remove the Mind Stone from Vision's head with T'Challa's sister's Shuri's help. Wanda later takes part in the Battle of Wakanda alongside the Avengers, T'Challa, Bucky Barnes, Okoye, M'Baku, the Dora Milaje, the Jabari Tribe, Rocket Raccoon and Groot, she kills Midnight and later put up a brave front against Thanos when he arrives, but is forced to kill Vision despite her reluctance and bids him a tearful goodbye. The action is futile as Thanos reverses the destruction using the Time Stone and kills Vision again by ripping the Mind Stone from his forehead much to her shock. When Thanos snaps his fingers with the completed Infinity Gauntlet and wipes out half of all life, Wanda is among the victims, disintegrating peacefully while kneeling over Vision's lifeless body.

Maximoff returns in Avengers: Endgame. She is revived alongside other victims of the Decimation by Banner when he uses the Infinity Stones collected from the past. She later takes part in the battle against a past version of Thanos and tries to avenge Vision's death by using her telekinetic powers to violently cripple his armor. She later attends Stark's funeral after the latter sacrifices himself to kill Thanos and his army. She is then shown comforting Clint Barton over Natasha Romanoff's death by claiming she knows the Avengers succeeded.

References

Category:Alternative versions of comics characters
Category:Fictional characters from parallel universes


Quint-Fonsegrives

Quint-Fonsegrives is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References
INSEE

External links

Official site

Category:Communes of Haute-Garonne


Hôtel-Dieu

In French-speaking countries, a hôtel-Dieu () was originally a hospital for the poor and needy, run by the Catholic Church. Nowadays these buildings or institutions have either kept their function as a hospital, the one in Paris being the oldest and most renowned, or have been converted into hotels, museums, or general purpose buildings (for instance housing a préfecture, the administrative head office of a French department).

Therefore, as a secondary meaning, the term hôtel-Dieu can also refer to the building itself, even if it no longer houses a hospital.

Examples include:
France
Hôtel-Dieu d'Angers, founded in 1153
Hôtel-Dieu de Beaune, founded in 1443
Hôtel-Dieu of Carpentras, built in 1754
Hôtel-Dieu of Château-Thierry, founded in 1304
Hôtel-Dieu of Cluny, built in the 17th and 18th century
Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon, created in 1478
Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, founded in 650
Hôtel-Dieu of Reims
Hôtel-Dieu de Tonnerre, founded in 1293

Canada
Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec
Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec
Hôtel-Dieu Grace Hospital, Windsor, Ontario
Hotel Dieu Hospital (Kingston, Ontario), Kingston, Ontario
Hotel Dieu Shaver Health and Rehabilitation Centre, St. Catharines, Ontario

United States
University Hospital, New Orleans, previously known as Hôtel-Dieu
 Hotel Dieu Hospital, Beaumont, Texas, founded in 1896 and consolidated with Saint Elizabeth's Hospital in 1970
Hotel Dieu Hospital, El Paso, Texas, founded in 1893 and permanently closed in 1987

Lebanon
Hôtel-Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon, a private hospital owned by the French state

See also
French Hospital (disambiguation)
List of hospitals in France

Category:Buildings and structures in France
Category:Hospitals in France
Category:Hospitals in Canada
Category:Catholic hospitals


Prost AP03

The Prost AP03 was the car with which the Prost Formula One team competed in the 2000 Formula One season.  It was driven by the experienced Jean Alesi, team boss Alain Prost's ex-Ferrari teammate, and reigning Formula 3000 champion Nick Heidfeld.

This was the last Formula One car to use Peugeot engines before the company withdrew from the sport. The engine technology itself however was bought by Asiatech and used for another two years, namely with Arrows in 2001 and with Minardi in 2002.

The year proved to be a disaster for the team.  The cars were slow and unreliable, the team's relationship with Peugeot fell apart and the sponsors departed at the end of the season.  The team ended up scoring no points, and were classified last in the Constructors' Championship behind Minardi, due to the Italian team's better finishing record.

The problems became apparent during pre-season testing. Nick Heidfeld could not get a handle on the car and reliability was poor. During the season itself,  both drivers complained of inconsistent handling and lack of traction Technical Director Alan Jenkins was fired after the Monaco race.

Prost blamed the apparently weak engine as the root cause of the AP03's uncompetitive performance. However, Peugeot retaliated with an uncharacteristic public revelation of the engine's output of 792 bhp, which was considered to be competitive at the time. Prost's criticism of Peugeot soured their relationship and combined with the lack of results, the latter withdrew from F1 as an engine supplier.

Alesi and Heidfeld were unable to make much of an impression, but the Frenchman managed to qualify eighth at Monaco and run fourth at Spa-Francorchamps before retiring. A poor pitstop in France was caught by the TV cameras with a visibly distraught Alain Prost shaking his head in despair. The teammates also collided on more than one occasion, most notably in Austria.

Prost used 'Gauloises' logos, except at the British and French Grands Prix.

Complete Formula One results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position)

References

Category:Prost Formula One cars
Category:2000 Formula One season cars


Windows Ultimate Extras

Windows Ultimate Extras are optional features offered by Microsoft to users of the Ultimate edition of Windows Vista and are accessible via Windows Update. Ultimate Extras replaced the market role of Microsoft Plus!, a product sold for prior consumer releases of Microsoft Windows. According to Microsoft's Barry Goffe, the company's goal with Ultimate Extras was to delight customers who purchased the Ultimate edition of Windows Vista, the most expensive retail edition of the operating system.

Windows Ultimate Extras have been discontinued as of Windows 7 and the operating system also removes all installed extras during an upgrade from Windows Vista Ultimate.

Contents
Microsoft released a total of nine Ultimate Extras for users of Windows Vista Ultimate.

BitLocker and EFS enhancements
The BitLocker Drive Preparation Tool utility and the Secure Online Key Backup utility were among the first Ultimate Extras to be made available, and were released to coincide with the general retail availability of Windows Vista. BitLocker Drive Preparation Tool prepares the hard drive to be encrypted with BitLocker, whereas Secure Online Key Backup enabled users to create an off-site backup of their BitLocker recovery password and Encrypting File System recovery certificates at Digital Locker, as part of the Windows Marketplace digital distribution platform. Secure Online Key Backup was rendered inoperable after Digital Locker shut down on August 2009.

Multilingual User Interface language packs

Unlike previous versions of Windows, Windows Vista is language-independent; the language architecture separates the language resources for the user interface from the binary code of the operating system. Support for installing additional languages is included in the Enterprise and Ultimate editions of Windows Vista. In the Ultimate edition, the functionality is made available through Windows Update as Ultimate Extras.

Microsoft stated that 16 languages were made available on January 30, 2007. The company released the remaining language packs on October 23, 2007 for a total of 35 language packs. An additional 36th language pack version is available for Windows Vista that supports traditional Chinese characters with the Hong Kong encoding character set.

Microsoft Tinker

Microsoft Tinker is a puzzle game where players must navigate a robot through mazes and obstacles. A total of 60 levels are included, and players can create their own levels with a level editor.

Hold 'Em

Hold 'Em is a poker card game released on January 29, 2007 that is fundamentally similar to Texas hold 'em. Hold 'Em allows users to play against up to five computer players and up to three levels of difficulty, and also allows users to customize aspects of the game's appearance; the game relies on DirectX to produce hardware-accelerated 3D animations and effects. For optimal performance, Hold 'Em requires a computer with a Windows Experience Index rating of 2.0 or higher.

According to Paul Thurrott, Hold 'Em was originally intended to be bundled alongside the premium games—Chess Titans, Mahjong Titans, and InkBall—included by default with the Home Premium and Ultimate editions of Windows Vista, but was instead made an Ultimate Extra because of its gambling themes.

Windows sound schemes
A total of three sound schemes for Windows Vista were released: Ultimate Extras Glass, Ultimate Extras Pearl, and Microsoft Tinker. The first two were made available on April 22, 2008, while the latter was made available on the same day as Microsoft Tinker. The Glass and Pearl sound schemes are similar to the Default sound scheme included in Windows Vista as they were also developed in accordance with the design language and principles of the Windows Aero graphical user interface.

Windows DreamScene

Windows DreamScene is a utility that enables MPEG and WMV videos to be displayed as desktop backgrounds. DreamScene requires that the Windows Aero graphical user interface be enabled in order to function as the feature relies on the Desktop Window Manager to display videos on the desktop.

Proposed extras
Additional extras were also proposed but not released, including a podcast creation application, a game performance optimization utility, custom themes, exclusive access to online content and services, Windows Movie Maker effects and transitions, templates for Windows DVD Maker, digital publications, and the Group Shot photo manipulation application developed by Microsoft Research and shown by Bill Gates at the Consumer Electronics Show in 2007.

Although not considered to be Ultimate Extras by the company, the Ultimate Extras team also released two wallpapers for users of Windows Vista Ultimate. Titled Start and Strands, the wallpapers were based on the design of the Windows Vista Ultimate retail packaging and were made available in three different display resolutions.

Critical reception
Reaction to Windows Ultimate Extras was mixed. While Microsoft was praised for creating a value proposition for users who purchased the most expensive edition of Windows Vista, the company was criticized for its delays during delivery of updates, perceived lack of quality of delivered updates, and a lack of transparency regarding their development. Early on, there were concerns that the features would not live up to users' expectations. The company announced several Ultimate Extras in January 2007, but only a fraction of these were released five months later. After months without an official update since January, Microsoft released an apology for the delays, stating that it intended to ship the remaining features before the end of summer of 2007. The delays between consecutive updates and months of silence had led to speculation that the development team within the company responsible for the features had been quietly disbanded.

When Microsoft announced its intentions to release the remaining Ultimate Extras and released an apology for delays, Paul Thurrott stated that the company had "dropped the ball" with the features. Ed Bott wrote that Ultimate Extras were "probably the biggest mistake Microsoft made with Vista," and that the company would downplay the Ultimate edition of Windows 7 as a result. Bott would later list them among his "decade's worth of Windows mistakes."

Microsoft was also criticized for changing the description for Ultimate Extras within the operating system. The offerings slated to be made available were initially described as "cutting-edge programs," "innovative services," and "unique publications," but the description for the features within the Control Panel applet was later modified in Windows Vista Service Pack 1 to be more modest; this was interpreted as an attempt made by the company to avoid fulfilling prior expectations.

Emil Protalinski of Ars Technica wrote that the Ultimate edition of Windows Vista "would have looked just fine without the joke that is 'Ultimate Extras'" and that the features were supposed to provide an incentive for consumers to purchase that edition, "not give critics something to point and laugh at." In the second part of his review of Windows 7, Peter Bright of Ars Technica wrote that "the value proposition of the Ultimate Extras was nothing short of piss-poor." Bright would later criticize Microsoft's decision not to release Internet Explorer 10 for Windows Vista, but would go on to state that this was still "not as bad as the Ultimate Extras farce."

See also
 Windows Anytime Upgrade
 Windows Easy Transfer
 Windows Vista editions

References

Category:Discontinued Windows components
Ultimate Extras


Richard W. Munchkin

Richard W. Munchkin is an American writer, director, producer, radio host and professional gambler.

Gambling

Originally from Des Plaines, IL, Munchkin started playing chess and gin rummy at the age of three. His first exposure to the idea of playing for profit came when he was 12, when a family friend mentioned playing backgammon for money. Munchkin was able to put himself through Columbia College in Chicago where he received a BA in Theater Arts by playing backgammon and poker professionally.
After graduating from college in the late 70s, he moved to Las Vegas and worked as a dealer and occasional pit boss at The Castaways Casino. While working in the casino he learned to count cards, and after a few years was making more money playing blackjack than dealing, so he quit to become a full-time professional blackjack player.

In 2004 Munchkin competed in Season 1 of the World Series of Blackjack, a series of televised blackjack tournaments hosted by the Game Show Network.

In 2009 Munchkin was inducted into Blackjack Hall of Fame.

Film and television

Between 1987 and 1999 Munchkin wrote, produced and/or directed in over 20 movies and television shows primarily in the adventure genre including Evil Obsession, Fists of Iron, Ring of Fire and L.A. Heat.

Writer

In 2002 Munchkin authored Gambling Wizards. In it he chronicles his interviews with some of the most famous gamblers in the world including Doyle Brunson Tommy Hyland and Chip Reese.

He is a contributor to Blackjack Magazine, All in Magazine and Blackjack Forum

Radio
Munchkin currently hosts a weekly radio show, Gambling with an Edge, which can be heard on KLAV in Las Vegas.

Bibliography

Gambling Wizards: Conversations with the World's Greatest Gamblers Huntington Press, April 2003,

Blackjack Forum Interviews with Tommy Hyland, Al Francesco, among others.

References

External links

 Richard Munchkin Blog
Richard Munchkin Blackjack Apprenticeship Interview Part 1
Richard Munchkin Blackjack Apprenticeship Interview Part 2
Richard Munchkin Quora profile
Blackjack Hero – Richard Munchkin

Category:American film producers
Category:American radio personalities
Category:Living people
Category:American male writers
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)


Bowed psaltery

The bowed psaltery is a type of psaltery or zither that is played with a bow. In contrast with the centuries-old plucked psaltery, the bowed psaltery appears to be a 20th-century invention.

History

Violin Zither
In 1925 a German patent was issued to the Clemens Neuber Company for a bowed psaltery which also included a set of strings arranged in chords, so that one could play the melody on the bowed psaltery strings, and strum accompaniment with the other hand.  These are usually called "violin zithers".

Ukelin-type Instruments

Similar instruments were being produced by American companies of the same time period, often with Hawaiian-inspired names, such as Hawaiian Art Violin or Violin-Uke, and marketed for use in playing the Hawaiian music, which was popular in the United States in the 1920s.  These instruments are not typically referred to as psalteries, but by the various trade names they were sold under, such as Ukelin.

The conventional bowed psaltery
Today, the bowed psaltery is most often produced without chord accompaniment strings (though some modern players retune the chromatic side to produce chords, and play it in the manner of the violin zither).

After the Second World War, Walter Mittman, a primary school teacher in Westphalia, popularized the conventional triangular bowed psaltery, which had earlier been advocated for use in education by the German Edgar Stahmer (1911-1996).

Description

The conventional bowed psaltery is triangular in shape, allowing each string to extend a little farther than the one before it, so that each can be individually bowed. Chromatic bowed psalteries have the sharps and flats on one side and the diatonic notes on the opposite.

It is a psaltery in the traditional sense of a wooden soundbox with unstopped strings over the soundboard.  It significantly differs from the Medieval plucked psaltery only in that its strings are arranged to permit bowing.  The soundboard has a soundhole or rose in the center.  In the United States, it is normally played with a small bow, often made in the earlier semicircular style, whereas in Europe a reduced-size modern violin bow is used.

Method of playing
Performance styles vary, but the instrument may be played either one note at a time, with the instrument held with one hand and bowed with the other, as in instruments of the violin family, or it may be laid down and played with a bow in each hand, in a style reminiscent of the closely related hammered dulcimer. Some players will also hold two bows in one hand to facilitate double-stopping.

Besides bowing, the instrument may also be strummed or struck for additional tone colors.  The strings are often too closely spaced for conventional finger picking, but may be plucked at the bowing end.

See also
Alexander violin

External links
 Video "Introduction to the Bowed Psaltery" by James Jones
Psaltery Strings Online community of bowed psaltery players featuring photos, videos, listings and discussion forums.
Build A Bowed Psaltery - online construction plans.
A Psimple Psaltery Building a bowed psaltery from start to finish.
Fretless Zithers: Bowed Instruments Online collection of early to mid-20th-century American bowed psaltery variants.
Ukelin.com a site covering early 20th-century American bowed psalteries
Ringing Strings Bowed Psalteries Basic Instruction on how to play the bowed psaltery with video examples.
free plans for a Diatonic Bowed Psaltery Online plans.
Learn to play Learn to play.

Category:Bowed instruments
Category:Composite chordophones
Category:Bowed box zithers


Dandenong Football and Netball Club

The Dandenong Football and Netball Club, nicknamed Redlegs, is an Australian rules football and netball club located in the southern suburbs of Melbourne. The club participates in the Southern Football Netball League, based in the south and south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne.

History

Dandenong was established in 1964, and was originally called "Dandenong West Football Club". It was initially a junior club that fielded boys teams of various age groups. In 1987 the club had enough seniors to enter the Eastern Suburban Churches Football Association for the first time.

The club maintained the name until 2003 when it renamed itself the Dandenong Demons. In 2009 it shortened the name to Dandenong, because it was the only Dandenong club to remain competitive.

In 2015 the name became Dandenong Football and Netball Club to include the netballers and acknowledge the efforts they put in for the club.

References

External links
 Official Facebook
 Unofficial site

Category:Australian rules football clubs in Melbourne
Category:Southern Football League (Victoria)
Category:1964 establishments in Australia
Category:Sports clubs established in 1964
Category:Dandenong, Victoria


Hundred of Ridley

The Hundred of Ridley is a cadastral hundred in the County of Russell in South Australia. It was proclaimed on 19 April 1860 and included a portion of the former Hundred of the Murray.

References

Ridley


Mark Danish

Mark Danish (born February 15, 1954) is a former Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 63rd District, which includes northern Hillsborough County, namely northern Tampa, Pebble Creek, Lake Magdalene, University, and Carrollwood, since 2012.

History
Danish was born in New York City and attended Queens College, City University of New York, where he graduated with a degree in Earth and environmental sciences with secondary education in 1976. However, due to the fact that, in 1977, New York City faced a budget crisis and laid off several thousand teachers, Danish moved to the state of Florida and began work as a middle school science teacher. After a few years, he began serving as a union representative for the local teacher's union.

Florida House of Representatives
In 2012, following the reconfiguration of the Florida House of Representatives districts, Danish ran in the newly created 63rd District. He easily defeated Z. J. Hafeez in the Democratic primary with 62% of the vote. He faced incumbent Republican State Representative Shawn Harrison in the general election, and a contentious election ensued. Despite praising Danish for his policy aims, the Tampa Tribune endorsed Harrison, noting that he was not an "abusive lawmaker" and instead was "conscientious and industrious." The Tampa Bay Times concurred, praising Danish as "a credible first-time candidate who knows this district well," but ultimately endorsing Harrison, praising him as "a moderate voice at the state and local level for his north Tampa constituents." Additionally, Harrison "out-fundraised Danish by nearly $200,000." Despite this, however, Danish emerged victorious over Harrison on election night, defeating the incumbent by 728 votes and with 51% of the vote.

Danish ran against Harrison again in 2014, though this time Danish was the incumbent and Harrison the challenger. The Tampa Bay Times endorsed Danish, praising him for his "willingness to work with Republicans on behalf of his district." Ultimately, Harrison unseated Danish with 53% of the vote.

References

External links
Florida House of Representatives - Mark Danish
Danish for State House

Category:1954 births
Category:Living people
Category:Jewish American politicians
Category:Members of the Florida House of Representatives
Category:Queens College, City University of New York alumni
Category:Politicians from New York City
Category:Florida Democrats