AB de Villiers

Abraham Benjamin de Villiers (born 17 February 1984), commonly known as AB de Villiers, Mr. 360° or simply AB, is a South African cricketer. He is considered as one of the greatest batsmen of all time. He plays for Tshwane Spartans in Mzansi Super League and Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League. In limited overs cricket he is an attacking batsman. He was named as the ICC ODI Player of the Year three times during his 15-year international career. His name was also featured in Wisden Cricketers of the Decade at the end of 2019.

De Villiers began his international career as a wicket-keeper-batsman, but he has played most often solely as a batsman. He batted at various positions in the batting order, but predominantly in the middle-order. Noted as one of the most innovative and destructive batsmen in the modern era, De Villiers is known for a range of unorthodox shots, particularly behind the wicket-keeper.

He made his international debut in a Test match against England in 2004 and first played a One Day International (ODI) in early 2005. His debut in Twenty20 International cricket came in 2006. He scored over 8,000 runs in both Test and ODI cricket and is one of the very few batsmen to have a batting average of over fifty in both forms of the game. He holds the record for the fastest ODI century in just 31 balls. He also records the fastest ODI 50 and 150.

De Villiers captained South Africa in all three formats, although after a series of injuries he stepped down from the Test captaincy. In 2017 he stepped down from captaining the national limited-overs teams and in May 2018 announced his retirement from all forms of international cricket. However, in January 2020 De Villiers expressed his intention to make an international comeback and play for South Africa in the 2020 T20 World Cup.

Early life
Abraham Benjamin de Villiers was born in Warmbad, South Africa, and enjoyed what he later described as the "really relaxed lifestyle up there, where everyone knows everyone". He was educated at Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool in Pretoria along with teammate Faf du Plessis, returning home at weekends. His father was a doctor who had played rugby union in his youth, and he encouraged his son to play sports and as a child.

Career
De Villiers is a right-handed batsman who accumulated over 8,000 runs in Tests including 22 centuries and 46 fifties. He holds the record for most Test innings without registering a duck (78), before being dismissed for nought against Bangladesh in November 2008. He also holds the second-highest individual score by a South African batsman, with 278 (not out). Until 2012 he was an occasional wicket-keeper for South Africa, although after the retirement of regular Test keeper Mark Boucher and under his own captaincy he has started to regularly keep wicket for the national side in Tests, ODIs and T20Is. He gave up wicket-keeping in 2015 and handed the gloves to debutant Quinton de Kock.

He holds the records for the fastest 50 (16 balls), 100 (31 balls) and 150 (64 balls) of all time in One Day Internationals by any batsmen, and also holds the fastest hundred by a South African in Tests and the fastest 50 by South African in T20Is. He is a three-time ICC ODI player of the year, winning the award in 2010, 2014 and 2015.

After the 2011 Cricket World Cup he succeeded Graeme Smith as captain of the national ODI side, and became Test captain  after the second Test of the home series against England in 2015/16. He stepped down from Test captaincy in December 2016 due to an elbow injury which kept him out of the team for a long period.

International career

Early career
After a spell in the South Africa U19 team, he made his debut for the Titans in 2003/4.

He made his Test debut as a 20-year-old on 16 December 2004 against England at Port Elizabeth. He made a strong impression opening the batting, but was dropped down the order for the second Test and also handed the wicket-keeping gloves. In this match, he made a match-saving half-century from number seven. However, he found himself at the top of the order again for the final Test of the series.

Despite a good tour of the Caribbean where he scored 178 to help South Africa seal a Test series win, his rapid progress was slowed on the tour of Australia in 2005. Despite playing Shane Warne well and becoming the second-youngest and second-fastest South African to reach 1,000 Test runs after Graeme Pollock, he struggled and made just 152 runs in 6 innings.

He has been used in a similar fashion to Jonty Rhodes in ODIs, opening the innings, although he currently bats in the middle order. De Villiers gave the selectors a sign by producing his then highest one-day score of 92 not out, which included 12 fours and one six, from 98 balls against India in the 2006 winter series.

De Villiers had a reputation as an outstanding fielder, typified by a diving run-out of Simon Katich of Australia in 2006, when he dived to stop the ball, and while still lying on his stomach facing away from the stumps, he tossed the ball backwards over his shoulder and effected a direct hit. This has also led people to make further comparisons of him to Jonty Rhodes, who was also one of the finest fielders of his generation. His fielding positions other than wicket-keeper are 1st and 2nd slip and cover.

2007 Cricket World Cup in West Indies
Competing in the 2007 Cricket World Cup, AB was in good form in ODIs having scored four 50s during the South Africa vs India/Pakistan (2007) matches.

In the early stages of the tournament AB's form was poor with three failures including a duck against the Netherlands in a match where his team broke various records for batting, although he scored a 92 in the first round against Australia.

He made his maiden ODI hundred, 146 from just 130 balls including 5 sixes and 12 fours, in the Super 8 game against West Indies on 10 April 2007. He had to bat with a runner for the latter stages of his innings and found every shot painful due to a combination of cramps, heat exhaustion and dehydration. His innings consisted of a second wicket partnership of 170 with Jacques Kallis and a third wicket partnership of 70 with Herschelle Gibbs. De Villiers' innings helped set up a total of 356/4 from 50 overs.

His batting during the World Cup was inconsistent as he also failed to score on 4 occasions, itself a record.

Gaining attention
On 4 April 2008, De Villiers became the first South African to score a double century against India with his top score of 217.

De Villiers scored an obdurate 174 that helped set up a ten-wicket win for South Africa in the second Test against England at Headingley Carnegie in Leeds in July 2008. This was followed by a 97 at The Oval before he came down the wicket trying to smash Monty Panesar for a boundary and was caught on the fence.

In the first Test in Perth, De Villiers scored a match-winning century to help South Africa chase down the second-highest-ever fourth innings target of 414 with six wickets in hand. This was South Africa's first Test victory in Australia in 15 years and appeared to go a long way towards tilting world cricket's balance of power after over a decade of Australian dominance. De Villiers also took four diving catches in the course of the match, including one to dismiss Jason Krejza, a stunner at backward point.

De Villiers only scored 11 runs in the second Test at the Melbourne Cricket Ground and made another low score in the first innings of the final Test at the Sydney Cricket Ground. In the second innings of that Test though, De Villiers scored a patient half-century as South Africa almost held on for an against-the-odds draw.

During ODI series, in the 4th ODI in Adelaide, he played as wicket-keeper after Boucher was ruled out. He then scored 82 not out from 85 balls with 6 fours and a six to win the series and was named the man of the match.

In the first Test of the return series at the Wanderers Stadium, De Villiers provided lone resistance in the first innings against a bowling attack led by pace bowler, Mitchell Johnson, scoring 104* off 185 balls with 9 fours and 1 six, while his teammates all fell for under 50. But in the second innings he made only 3 off 7.

In the third Test, after centuries from Ashwell Prince and Jacques Kallis, De Villiers was the third centurion of the innings with a score of 163 off 196 balls with 12 fours and 7 sixes. This knock also tied the record for most sixes in an over as De Villiers, off the bowling of McDonald, hit four consecutive sixes.

In the following 5-game ODI series, De Villiers played consistently, although starting badly in the first game, scoring only 2 runs. However, he went on to make 36*, 80, 84 and 38 and was named Player of the Series at the conclusion of game 5.

He was rested for the two-match Twenty20 series against Zimbabwe and because Mark Boucher was injured as well Heino Kuhn donned the keeping gloves. De Villiers returned for the ODI series and also took over the gloves while Boucher was recovering. He did well against Zimbabwe scoring two centuries out of the three ODIs as South Africa comfortably won the three match series 3–0.

His major challenge came against Pakistan for the two Twenty20 matches, where he kept wicket. In the first match, he was out for a second-ball duck off a superb delivery by Shoaib Akhtar. In the second T20I he scored 11 runs. He then participated in the five-match ODI series where South Africa were chasing 203 to win and he scored 51 before he was caught and bowled by Saeed Ajmal. In the second ODI he scored 29 as he was bowled by Shahid Afridi; in the same match, a flamboyant Abdul Razzaq played the greatest innings of his life to lift Pakistan to an unbelievable victory. During the third match, he scored 19 before he was stumped by Zulqarnain Haider. It turned out to be a mistake by the umpire as he had pressed the wrong button. In the fourth match, he missed out on a half-century while on 49 when he gave his wicket to the fielder at point. His good form in the series continued when he scored 61 in the final ODI as South Africa won by 57 runs and the series 3–2.

For his performances in 2009 and 2010, he was named in the World Test XI by the ICC, and was also named in the World ODI XI in 2010.

2011 Cricket World Cup
AB de Villiers scored two successive centuries in the 2011 World Cup. He became the first South African to score two centuries in a single World Cup and the fifth batsman after Mark Waugh, Saeed Anwar, Rahul Dravid and Matthew Hayden to score two consecutive centuries in a single World Cup tournament. He also became the 16th batsman to score two or more centuries in one World Cup tournament. AB de Villiers' strike rate of 136.73 is the highest among South African batsmen who have scored centuries in World Cup matches. With his third player of the match award in World Cups, De Villiers is joint second with Jacques Kallis on the list of South African players with most match awards in World Cups. Lance Klusener heads the list with five awards.

Rising through the ranks
On 6 June 2011, then South Africa coach Gary Kirsten announced that AB de Villiers would be South Africa's new limited-overs captain. "I'm very excited but I'm also inexperienced. But I've learnt a lot the last seven years from an unbelievable captain," said De Villiers, who had never captained a team at first-class level. "It's a big responsibility, but there'll be a fresh look in the side, which is good."

In the 2011–12 South African summer, De Villiers featured in the home series against Australia and  against Sri Lanka. In the latter, he scored a century (160 not out) in South Africa's win in the third and deciding Test of the series. He was named the Player of the Series, having scored 353 runs at an average of 117.66. He then led South Africa for his first series since being appointed captain of the One Day International team. In his first match as captain, South Africa inflicted the heaviest defeat in Sri Lanka's history, with a 258-run win in Paarl on 11 January 2012. It was also the largest margin of victory (by runs) in an ODI match between two Test-playing teams. South Africa went on to win the ODI series, and De Villiers was named player of the series, having scored 329 runs at an average of 109.66, including a century (125 not out) in the fifth and final match in Johannesburg. On 10 July, De Villiers was handed full-time wicket-keeping duties after Mark Boucher announced retirement from cricket after suffering eye injuries from a hit from a bail the day before.

On 4 February 2013, De Villiers equalled Jack Russell's record of 11 dismissals in a match. He also scored an unbeaten 103 off 117 balls in South Africa's second innings of the same match. In the process, he became the first wicket-keeper to score a century and claim 10 dismissals in a Test.

On 18 March, during the third ODI match of Pakistan's tour of South Africa at Johannesburg, De Villiers and Hashim Amla shared the record for the highest third-wicket partnership in an ODI when they scored 238. De Villiers scored 12 fours and 3 sixes, and a total of 128.

Record breaking year
On 18 January 2015, De Villiers scored both the fastest fifty and the fastest century by a batsman in One Day International cricket, off 16 balls and 31 balls respectively and eventually scoring 149 runs off 44 balls in 59.5 minutes against West Indies.

2015 World Cup
De Villiers was one of the top performers at the 2015 Cricket World Cup scoring 482 runs at an average of 96.0 and strike rate of 144.0 during the tournament.

On 27 February 2015, De Villiers scored 162 runs off 66 balls in a match against the West Indies in Pool B, leading South Africa to their second-highest total in World Cup history (408), at Sydney Cricket Ground. With this feat, he became the record holder for the fastest 50, 100 and 150 in One-Day International history.

Under the captaincy of De Villiers, South Africa qualified for the semi-finals of the World Cup but lost to New Zealand in the match. De Villiers finished the tournament as the third-highest run-scorer with 482 runs, behind Martin Guptill and Kumar Sangakkara.

At the end of the tournament, he was ranked number 1 in the ICC batsmen rating in One day International cricket and number 3 in the ICC batsmen rating in Test cricket. He was named in the 'Team of the Tournament' for the 2015 World Cup by the ICC.

2016–2018 and retirement
On 6 January 2016, the second Test match between England and South Africa ended in a draw. After the end of the match, Hashim Amla resigned from the captaincy and de Villiers was chosen to captain South Africa for the last two matches.

On 21 February 2016, de Villiers scored the fastest T20I fifty by a South African, in just 21 balls. He completed the innings with 79 runs in 29 balls and led South Africa to a clean sweep in the T20I series.

On 18 January 2017, de Villiers ruled himself out from most of the Test matches and ultimately played in December 2017. However, a day before the Test match, Faf du Plessis picked up a viral infection, putting him in doubt for the match. On the morning of the Test, he was ruled out of the fixture, with AB de Villiers replacing him as captain. He also kept wicket during the match, as South Africa's wicket-keeper Quinton de Kock suffered a hamstring injury while batting on day one. He took eight catches in the match and the Test match finished inside two days, with South Africa winning by an innings and 120 runs.

De Villiers returned for the Indian tour to South Africa in 2018. He stated he had given up wicket-keeping as his back could no longer handle the demand, and Faf du Plessis resumed his role as captain in all forms of the game.

In the second Test match against Australia, he scored his 22nd Test century with a score of 126 not out off 146 balls in the first innings. His performance helped the team win the match by 6 wickets.

On 23 May 2018, De Villiers announced his retirement from all forms of international cricket through a video uploaded to Twitter, in which he explained his decision. One of the statements in his monologue was "I have had my turn, and to be honest, I am tired." A few weeks after his announcement about retiring from international cricket, he clarified and said that he will continue playing T20 leagues for a few more years.

In January 2020, it was rumoured that de Villiers was in talks to make a comeback to the South African T20I side for the 2020 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. De Villiers , as well as South African director of cricket Graeme Smith  and head coach Mark Boucher , confirmed these rumours.

International centuries

De Villiers has scored 22 Test and 25 ODI centuries. He scored his first Test century against England in 2005 and his first ODI century against West Indies in 2007.

Domestic and franchise career
Domestically de Villiers first played for Northerns, making his debut for the team in the 2003/04 Supersport Series. The team merged with Easterns to form the Titans side which de Villiers then played for in the 2004/05 season. His international duties mean that he has played only occasionally for the side since 2005, making a total of only nine first-class, 20 List A and 24 Twenty20 appearances for the side.

Twenty 20 franchise career
Since joining the league in its inaugural season, de Villiers has become one of the most successful batsmen in the Indian Premier League (IPL). After oringally playing for Delhi Daredevils, he moved to Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) for US$1.5 million in the league's fourth season. Three of his four Twenty20 centuries have come in the IPL and as of June 2019 he has played in over 150 matches in the league. He has played match-winning innings for RCB and shown some destructive batting against bowlers especially in the death overs.

Other than the IPL, de Villiers has played franchise T20 cricket for Barbados Tridents, Tshwane Spartans, Rangpur Riders and Lahore Qalandars in leagues across the world. Following his retirement from international cricket, his future in T20 franchise leagues was uncertain until he announced in July 2018 that he intended to continue to play in the IPL for "a few years".

In September 2019, he was named in the squad for the Tshwane Spartans team for the 2019 Mzansi Super League tournament.
For the 2019 series he represented Middlesex in the Vitality Blast Twenty20, providing both experience and an unbelievable amount of firepower to the squad. During the group stages he had the highest batting average. In October 2019, De Villiers had signed a 1-year deal with the Brisbane Heat in the Big Bash League franchise which is held in Australia during summer.

Playing style
He is sometimes referred to as "Mr. 360" due to his ability to play shots all around the wicket, and as "Superman" due to his acrobatic fielding. In T20 cricket he is seen as an attacking batsman who plays a range of unconventional shots.

Controversies
During the 2019 ICC Cricket World Cup, and following South Africa losing their first three matches in the tournament, details emerged of De Villiers making himself available for selection for the national team squad on the day the squad was to be announced. He was not selected as he had not played any international cricket for his country leading up to the tournament, despite having been prompted to do so by South Africa's coach Ottis Gibson earlier in the year. He has been criticised for his decision to play in franchise leagues rather than for his country.

Personal life

De Villiers proposed to his girlfriend, Danielle Swart, at the Taj Mahal in 2012, after five years of dating. The couple got married in March 2013, in Bela-Bela, South Africa. They have two sons.

He is a devout Christian and has stated that his faith is crucial to his approach to life. He is also an accomplished guitar player and a singer. In 2010, he released a bilingual pop album entitled Maak Jou Drome Waar with his friend and South African singer Ampie du Preez.

References

External links

Category:1984 births
Category:Living people
Category:South Africa One Day International cricketers
Category:ACA African XI One Day International cricketers
Category:Titans cricketers
Category:Northerns cricketers
Category:Royal Challengers Bangalore cricketers
Category:South Africa Twenty20 International cricketers
Category:Afrikaner people
Category:Sportspeople from Pretoria
Category:Cricketers at the 2007 Cricket World Cup
Category:Cricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup
Category:Cricketers at the 2015 Cricket World Cup
Category:Delhi Capitals cricketers
Category:South Africa Test cricket captains
Category:Barbados Tridents cricketers
Category:South African Christians
Category:Rangpur Riders cricketers
Category:Lahore Qalandars cricketers
Category:Brisbane Heat cricketers


1967 Mongolian National Championship

The 1967 Mongolian National Championship was the fourth recorded edition of the Mongolian National Championship for football, with the first tournament taking place in 1955 and no tournament held in 1965. It would appear however that championships were contested between 1956 and 1963, as sources note that a team called Aldar, the Mongolian Army Sports Club, won the title on numerous occasions during that time. Nonetheless, the 1967 national championship was won by Tengeriin Bugnuud, a team from Bat-Ölzii, a sum (district) of Övörkhangai Province in southern Mongolia, their first title.

References

Category:Mongolia Premier League seasons
Mongolia
Mongolia
football


Riccardo Pasi

Riccardo Pasi (born 27 August 1990) is an Italian footballer who plays for Delta Rovigo.

Biography

Bologna
Born in Bologna, Emilia, Pasi started his professional career at Bologna F.C. 1909. He was the member of the reserve from 2006–07 season to the first half of 2009–10 season.

Parma
In January 2010 Bologna swapped him with Alessandro Elia of Parma in co-ownership deal. Both players' 50% registration rights were "valued" €1 million  It made both Emilia clubs had a selling paper profit of about €2 million for both players, but in terms of the contract value of new signing (Elia for Bologna, Pasi for Parma). The profit would compensate by the future amortization and VAT, which Elia and Pasi had both costed Bologna about €650,000 in 1½ years as amortization (around €2 million over 4 years and 5 months times 1 year and 5 months) Both players made a handful appearances for their new clubs.

Pasi made his Serie A debut for Parma F.C. on 18 April 2010 in a game against Genoa C.F.C. when he came on as a substitute in the 80th minute for Luca Antonelli, which is his only appearance for Parma first team. He also played a few games for Parma's reserve, such as the return leg of the round 16 match of the playoffs round. Pasi spent a season with Modena F.C. in 2010–11 Serie B.

Return to Bologna
The reverse switch happened on 24 June 2011. Elia 50% registration rights was "valued" €1.5 million and Pasi for €1.6 million respectively.  In June Parma also bought Francesco Valiani outright for €2.8 million  and co-currently sold Andrea Pisanu outright for €2.5 million. The four deals made Bologna received €200,000 in net. The return of Elia and Pasi made both club received a paper selling profit on both players, for €1.6M and €1.7M respectively for 2010–11 season., but majority in terms of new contract value of Elia (€3M) and Pasi (€3.2M). Furthermore, both club had to amortize the contract value as an intangible asset. As Pasi signed a new 4-year contract, Pasi would cost Bologna €800,000 as amortization (increased from Elia's €450,000) plus wage in 2011–12 and next 3 seasons, but Pasi failed to generate any real benefit nor revenue to the club.

On 16 January 2012 Bologna confirmed his temporary loan to Swiss Challenge League side FC Chiasso. In summer 2012 he was signed by South Tyrol. In summer 2013 he remained in the lower divisions for Santarcangelo.

Pasi finally made his Bologna debut after the club relegated to 2014–15 Serie B.

Cremonese
As Pasi's contract was due to expire on 30 June 2015, on 15 January 2015 Pasi left for the third division club Cremonese.

Notes

References

External links

 Swiss Football League Profile

Category:1990 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Bologna
Category:Italian footballers
Category:Serie A players
Category:Serie B players
Category:Serie D players
Category:Bologna F.C. 1909 players
Category:Parma Calcio 1913 players
Category:Modena F.C. players
Category:F.C. Südtirol players
Category:U.S. Cremonese players
Category:Imolese Calcio 1919 players
Category:S.S.D. Correggese Calcio 1948 players
Category:Association football midfielders


Java Classloader

The Java Class Loader is a part of the Java Runtime Environment that dynamically loads Java classes into the Java Virtual Machine. Usually classes are only loaded on demand. The Java run time system does not need to know about files and file systems because of classloaders. Delegation is an important concept to understand when learning about classloaders.

A software library is a collection of related object code.
In the Java language, libraries  are typically packaged in JAR files. Libraries can contain objects of different types. The most important type of object contained in a Jar file is a Java class. A class can be thought of as a named unit of code. The class loader is responsible for locating libraries, reading their contents, and loading the classes contained within the libraries. This loading is typically done "on demand", in that it does not occur until the class is called by the program. A class with a given name can only be loaded once by a given classloader.

Each Java class must be loaded by a class loader. Furthermore, Java programs may make use of external libraries (that is, libraries written and provided by someone other than the author of the program) or they may be composed, at least in part, of a number of libraries.

When the JVM is started, three class loaders are used:
 Bootstrap class loader
 Extensions class loader
 System class loader

The bootstrap class loader loads the core Java libraries located in the <JAVA_HOME>/jre/lib directory. This class loader, which is part of the core JVM, is written in native code.

The extensions class loader loads the code in the extensions directories (<JAVA_HOME>/jre/lib/ext, or any other directory specified
by the java.ext.dirs system property). It is implemented by the sun.misc.Launcher$ExtClassLoader class.

The system class loader loads code found on java.class.path, which maps to the CLASSPATH environment variable. This is implemented by the sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader class.

User-defined class loaders
The Java class loader is written in Java. It is therefore possible to create your own class loader without understanding the finer details of the Java Virtual Machine. Every Java class loader has a parent class loader, defined when a new class loader is instantiated or set to the virtual machine's system default class loader.

This makes it possible (for example):
 to load or unload classes at runtime (for example to load libraries dynamically at runtime, even from an HTTP resource). This is an important feature for:
 implementing scripting languages, such as Jython
 using bean builders
 allowing user-defined extensibility
 allowing multiple namespaces to communicate. This is one of the foundations of CORBA / RMI protocols for example.
 to change the way the bytecode is loaded (for example, it is possible to use encrypted Java class bytecode).
 to modify the loaded bytecode (for example, for load-time weaving of aspects when using aspect-oriented programming).

Class Loaders in Java EE

Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) application servers typically load classes from a deployed WAR or EAR archive by a tree of classloaders, isolating the application from other applications, but sharing classes between deployed modules. So-called "servlet containers" are typically implemented in terms of multiple classloaders.

JAR hell

JAR hell is a term similar to DLL hell used to describe all the various ways in which the classloading process can end up not working. Three ways JAR hell can occur are:

 Accidental presence of two different versions of a library installed on a system. This will not be considered an error by the system. Rather, the system will load classes from one or the other library. Adding the new library to the list of available libraries instead of replacing it may result in the application still behaving as though the old library is in use, which it may well be.
 Multiple libraries or applications require different versions of library foo. If versions of library foo use the same class names, there is no way to load the versions of library foo with the same classloader.
 The most complex JAR hell problems arise in circumstances that take advantage of the full complexity of the classloading system. A Java program is not required to use only a single "flat" classloader, but instead may be composed of several (potentially very many) nested, cooperating classloaders. Classes loaded by different classloaders may interact in complex ways not fully comprehended by a developer, leading to errors or bugs that are difficult to analyze, explain, and resolve.

The OSGi Alliance specified (starting as JSR 8 in 1998) a modularity framework that aims to solve JAR hell for current and future VMs in ME, SE, and EE that is widely adopted. Using metadata in the JAR manifest, JAR files (called bundles) are wired on a per-package basis. Bundles can export packages, import packages and keep packages private, providing the basic constructs of modularity and versioned dependency management.

To remedy the JAR hell problems, a Java Community Process — JSR 277 was initiated in 2005. The resolution — Java Platform Module System — intended to introduce a new distribution format, a modules versioning scheme, and a common modules repository (similar in purpose to Microsoft .NET's Global Assembly Cache). In December 2008, Sun announced that JSR 277 was put on hold. The Java Module System was later rebooted as "project Jigsaw" which was included in Java 9.

See also
 Loader (computing)
 Dynamic loading
 DLL hell
 OSGi
 Classpath (Java)
 Java Platform Module System

References

External links
 Chuck McManis, "The basics of Java class loaders", 1996
 Brandon E. Taylor, "Java Class Loading: The Basics", 2003
 Jeff Hanson, "Take Control of Class Loading in Java", 2006-06-01
 Andreas Schaefer, "Inside Class Loaders", 2003-11-12
 Sheng Liang and Gilad Bracha, "Dynamic class loading in the Java virtual machine", In Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA'98), ACM SIGPLAN Notices, vol. 33, no. 10, ACM Press, 1998, pp. 36–44

 Dr. Christoph G. Jung, "Classloaders Revisited Hotdeploy", Java Specialist Newsletter, 2001-06-07
 Don Schwarz, "Managing Component Dependencies Using ClassLoaders", 2005-04-13

Category:Java (programming language)


Robert Whetters

Robert Whetters (born 2 September 1939) is a former Australian racing cyclist. He won the Australian national road race title in 1969. He also competed in the individual road race and team pursuit events at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Whetters won the professional Goulburn to Sydney Classic in 1973 run in reverse direction from Hoxton Park to Goulburn and twice set the fastest time in 1973 and in 1969 run in reverse direction from Milperra to Goulburn.

References

External links

Category:1939 births
Category:Living people
Category:Australian male cyclists
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Olympic cyclists of Australia
Category:Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Category:Australian track cyclists


Muskegon, Mississippi

Muskegon is an unincorporated community in Scott County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi.

History
The community's name is a transfer from Muskegon, Michigan.

References

Category:Unincorporated communities in Mississippi
Category:Unincorporated communities in Scott County, Mississippi


Walter Tjaden

Walter Tjaden (1906–1985) was a German film producer and sound engineer.

Selected filmography

Sound engineer
 Her Majesty Love (1931)
 Hitler Youth Quex (1932)

Producer
 Darling of the Sailors (1937)
 Hotel Sacher (1939)
 A House Full of Love (1954)
 The Unexcused Hour (1957)
 Labyrinth (1959)
 The White Horse Inn (1960)
 The New Adventures of Snow White (1969)
 The Captain (1971)
 Women in Hospital (1977)

References

Bibliography
 Giesen, Rolf.  Nazi Propaganda Films: A History and Filmography. McFarland, 2003.

External links

Category:1906 births
Category:1985 deaths
Category:People from Oldenburg
Category:German film producers


Dylan Ragolle

Dylan Ragolle (born 11 May 1994) is a Belgian footballer who currently plays for Dender EH.

External links

Belgium stats at Belgian FA

Category:1994 births
Category:Living people
Category:Belgian footballers
Category:K.V. Kortrijk players
Category:K.S.V. Roeselare players
Category:K Beerschot VA players
Category:R. Wallonia Walhain Chaumont-Gistoux players
Category:F.C.V. Dender E.H. players
Category:People from Tournai
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Belgian First Division A players
Category:Belgian Second Division/Belgian First Division B players


The Cat Piano

The Cat Piano is an animated short film directed by Eddie White and Ari Gibson and narrated by Nick Cave.

Plot
The Cat Piano is narrated by the main character of the animated short, an anthropomorphic cat. It is clear that the narration is a poem, which the poet is typing on a typewriter. In the beginning, we are introduced to his city's love of music and musical prowess. The poet singles out one female singer of whom he is clearly enamored, quoting her singing as "A voice that made all the angels of eternity sound ... tone deaf". Shortly afterwards we are introduced to an overbearing structure beyond the sea, appearing to be a lighthouse. Its light quickly goes out, foreshadowing malevolence.

Singers and musicians begin to disappear into thin air, "Like sailors lost at sea". As police investigate the missing cats, they find human shoeprints. The main character begins to explain the Cat Piano and its terrible function. We are informed that the Cat Piano is an instrument, much like any ordinary piano or harpsichord. The terrible reality is that instead of using strings and hammers to produce the desired noise, the Cat Piano produces noise by striking a nail into the tails of one or more cats that are caged in the piano. Immediately after discovering this, the main character rushes to warn the female singer, and arrives seconds too late.

His heart broken, the city falls to pieces around him, fights break out, and music becomes forbidden. For a short while, the poet is tortured of thoughts of The Cat Piano, and can't get the sounds of screaming cats out of his head. He motions shooting himself with his hand, and with the word "Snap", we are shown a glimpse of what appears to be a nightmare. In this nightmare, a dark humanoid figure holds up a cage with the aforementioned female singer and pricks her with a needle. The poet wakes up in a cold sweat and decides to take action. He observes the lighthouse from a hill, which now casts a red beam of light, and he can hear the terrible screams of the cats from a distance.

A makeshift army of the city's citizens is shown behind him. He and the army head over to the lighthouse in boats, and upon their arrival begin to scale the lighthouse. They break into the lighthouse, and we are given a glimpse of the mad pianist. The instrument he is playing resembles more of an organ than a piano, but nevertheless it is a terrifying torture machine equipped with hundreds of needles. The poet meets eyes with the singer, who is placed at the very top of the organ. The man playing the organ turns around, and the army of cats attacks him. They bite, scratch, and claw at him until he stumbles out of a window and falls to his death.

They free the imprisoned cats, set fire to the lighthouse, and leave with the prisoners for home. The mood immediately becomes lighthearted again, as the city regains its artistic merit. The poet is sure to point out that he is no more famous or revered as he was before the incident - just an "anonymity". He is just glad to be able to listen to the sounds of music coming from the streets. As he finishes his typing, just before the story ends, the singer he was enamored with is seen in his room. She walks over to him and affectionately strokes his chin, implying a happy ending for the poet.

Crew

Awards and nominations

 49th Festival International du Film d'Animation d'Annecy, Official Selection Nomination, 2009
 Australian Film Institute Awards, Best Short Animation, 2009
 Inside Film Awards, Best Animation, 2009
 58th Melbourne International Film Festival, Best Animation Short Film, 2009
 56th Sydney Film Festival, Dendy Award Best Animation Short, 2009
 2009 Adelaide Film Festival, Audience Award Best Short, 2009
 APRA Screen Music Awards Best Music in a Short Film Nomination, 2009 (Benjamin Speed)
 The film won two prizes at Bø Animasjonshelg in Norway.

References

External links
 The People's Republic of Animation website, with the whole film
 Information about The Cat Piano at the Short Film Central database

Category:2000s animated short films
Category:Australian animated short films
Category:2009 short films
Category:2009 animated films
Category:2009 films
Category:Australian films


Rachel Henning

Rachel Biddulph Henning (1826–1914) was born in England. In 1854, she went to Australia but returned to England in 1856 due to homesickness and the hot climate. However, in 1861, she returned to Australia, where she settled permanently. She first lived with her brother and sister on their property in Queensland, but married in 1866 and later moved to a property near the New South Wales south coast.

Rachel's descriptive letters, mainly addressed to her sister in England, provide a detailed account of nearly 30 years of pioneering life in Australia. The letters were first published by The Bulletin in 1951 and 1952; in 1963, they were collected in book form and published by Angus and Robertson, with a foreword and illustrations by Norman Lindsay. Literary critic Debra Adelaide writes that "they are valued for their vivid portrayal of station life in the second half of the nineteenth century and for her own humour and frankness about the life she led".

Rachel Henning's Letters is one of the best examples in English of the way in which letters can overlap with fiction.

Further reading

  Australian Dictionary of Biography entry
  Full text of her letters at Project Gutenberg Australia
 Rachel Henning and Deighton Taylor in Illawarra 1853-1896

References

Category:1826 births
Category:1914 deaths
Category:Australian people of English descent
Category:Australian women writers
Category:Women letter writers


Phase conjugation

Phase conjugation is a physical transformation of a wave field where the resulting field has a reversed propagation direction but keeps its amplitudes and phases.

Description
It is distinguished from Time Reversal Signal Processing by the fact that phase conjugation uses a holographic or parametric pumping whereas time reversal records and re-emits the signal using transducers.
 Holographic pumping makes the incident wave interact with a pump wave of the same frequency and records its amplitude-phase distribution. Then, a second pump wave reads the recorded signal and produces the conjugate wave. All those waves have the same frequency.
 In parametric pumping, the parameters of the medium are modulated by the pump wave at double frequency. The interaction of this perturbation with the incident wave will produce the conjugate wave.
Both techniques allow an amplification of the conjugate wave compared to the incident wave.

As in time reversal, the wave re-emitted by a phase conjugation mirror will auto-compensate the phase distortion and auto-focus itself on its initial source, which can be a moving object.

Propagation of a time reversal replica demonstrates a remarkable property of phase-conjugated wave fields.
Phase conjugation of wave field means the inversion of linear momentum and angular momentum of light.

Phase conjugation methods exist in two main domains:
 Acoustic phase conjugation
 Optical phase conjugation

References

See also
 Time Reversal Signal Processing

Category:Wave mechanics


Kanausi

Kanausi lies in the Kesari Khera Ward of Lucknow Municipal Corporation. The ward's councilor lives in Kanausi. It was previously a village.

References

Category:Villages in Lucknow district


Valentina Zimina

Valentina Zimina (1 January 1899 – 3 December 1928) was a silent screen actress.

Russian-born, the daughter of a Moscow stage actress, Zimina served with the Women's Battalion of Death for three years. She was in a Siberian prison, from which she escaped and made her way across Asia and onto Hollywood. The rest of her family were killed in the Russian Civil War. She made her screen debut opposite Bessie Love and Warner Baxter in Victor Fleming's A Son of His Father, followed by five more 1920s romantic melodramas. Zimina died of influenza just before her last film was released.

Filmography

 The Scarlet Lady (1928)
 The Woman on Trial (1927)
 Many Scrappy Returns (1927)
 Rose of the Tenements (1926)
 La Bohème (1926)
 A Son of His Father (1925)

External links

Category:1891 births
Category:1953 deaths
Category:American silent film actresses
Category:American film actresses
Category:Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery
Category:Imperial Russian actresses
Category:White Russian emigrants to the United States
Category:Russian women of World War I
Category:20th-century American actresses
Category:Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States


Parimeh

Parimeh (, also Romanized as Pārīmeh) is a village in Chelav Rural District, in the Central District of Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 142, in 36 families.

References

Category:Populated places in Amol County


Ambivali Tarf Bahare

Ambivali Tarf Bahare is a village in the Palghar district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Dahanu taluka.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Ambivali Tarf Bahare has 401 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 42.6%.

References

Category:Villages in Dahanu taluka


Gan (Laamu Atoll)

Gan (Dhivehi: ގަން) is one of the inhabited islands of Haddhunmathi Atoll, administrative code Laamu and the proposed capital for the Mathi-Dhekunu Province of the Maldives.

History

Archaeology

Gan Island has large ruins from the historical Maldivian Buddhist era.
 A ruin called “Gamu Haiytheli” is situated on Mudhin Hinna in the Mukurimagu ward of the island. It is 91.5 m in circumference and 7.3 m in height. Local tradition says that this was the last Buddhist temple of the Maldives.
 Ruins called “Munbaru” in an area called Kuruhinna. These were investigated by H. C. P. Bell in 1923 and a report with photographs was published in his monograph of 1940.

The ruins in Gan were the best preserved ruins from the Buddhist past in the Maldives when H. C. P. Bell excavated some of the island's Buddhist remains, especially one of the stupas and a vihara at Kuruhinna. Recently, however, much vandalism has taken place at those unprotected sites and only scattered stones and mounds of coral rubble remain.

Geography
The island is  south of the country's capital, Malé. Gan, combined with the adjoining island of Maandhoo, is the largest geographical island of the Maldives. It is divided in wards, the northernmost of which is called Thundi, in middle is Mathimaradhu and at the south is Mukurimagu. Gan is connected with Maandhoo, the island at its south. Maandhoo is linked with the regional domestic airport at Kadhdhoo by a short causeway. Kadhdhoo adjoins at its south with Fonadhoo, the capital of the atoll. The causeway, which links between Kadhdhoo and Fonadhoo, is almost one kilometre in length. The four islands of Gan, Maandhoo, Kadhdhoo and Fonadhoo, which is linked with causeways, stretches up to about  in length, making up the longest length of dry land in the Maldives.

This island should not be confused with other Maldive islands called 'Gan' in Addu Atoll and Huvadhu Atoll.

Demography

Economy

Development
Gan is the most developed island in the Laamu Atoll. After the 2004 tsunami the French Red Cross and other foreign governments built new buildings, including a new school, a multi-purpose building, a new hospital, bank, primary and secondary schools, water plant, police station and power houses. Tourism has started growing and is going ahead successfully.

Tourism
Gan is the largest island in the atoll and in the Maldives. The island is on the eastern fringes where most islands in the atoll are located.
The island Gan is nestled with astounding beaches. The island also has impressive mounds from a pre-historic Buddhist time. The mounds known as “Hawitta” is a pyramid like structure built in pre-Islamic times and have a history of over 600 years.

The Reveries Diving Village developed by Bison Maldives Pvt Ltd was officially opened by President Mohamed Nasheed 1 February 2011. As it is the first of its kind in the country due to it being developed on an inhabited island.
Reveries with 23 guest rooms, restaurant, internet café, swimming pool, Roof Top Café, Conference facilities, Spa, Padi Certified Dive School and Water Sport facilities will offer a new kind of tourism.

Health Facility
Gan Regional Hospital provides Preventive and Curative Health services to all the people residing in the South Central Province and also to all the people who approach GRH for its services.
GRH had a humble beginning as an Atoll Health Centre on 7 November 1993. The demand for services increased and it expanded to an Atoll Hospital on 11 June 2001. Further upgradation took place in the form of facilities and staff. On 1 August 2002, GRH achieved Regional Hospital status.
GRH provides preventive and curative health care facilities to all the islands of south central province and serves as the highest referral centre for this region.GRH celebrates its 8th anniversary on 1 August 2010.

See also
History of Maldives

References

HCP Bell, The Maldive islands. Monograph on the History, Archaeology and Epigraphy. Reprint 1940 edn. Malé 1986.
Hand book 2000

Category:Uninhabited islands of the Maldives
Category:Populated places in the Maldives


Maillé, Indre-et-Loire

Maillé is a commune in the central French department of Indre-et-Loire.

History

World War II massacre

On 25 August 1944, German soldiers killed 124 people and razed the village. The resultant massacre was the second-largest in France of World War II, after that at Oradour-sur-Glane.

On the same day that Paris was surrendered to the Allies, an estimated 80 Waffen-SS soldiers of the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division entered the village of 600 people in the morning, and killed 124 residents, including 46 children under the age of 14, and 42 women. Many of the victims were shot; the remainder bludgeoned, bayoneted, or burned. The village was then shelled until it was in ruins. Survivors later found a handwritten message on several corpses: "This is punishment for terrorists and their assistants."

The reasons for the massacre are still unknown, although on the previous day a group of French resistance fighters had killed several German officers travelling in a car, and in a separate incident ambushed a Waffen-SS column to the north; the district was also at the time safeguarding a United States Army Air Forces pilot who had crash-landed in the area.

Only one person has ever been held accountable, when in 1952 former German army lieutenant Gustav Schlueter was tried in absentia by a French court and found guilty. He remained living in Germany until his death in 1965.

Although France has a 30-year limit on war crimes prosecutions, Germany does not. After the massacre featured in a German newspaper article in 2004, Dortmund-based prosecutor Ulrich Maas, who specialises in hunting down war criminals, started an investigation. After a television documentary on the massacre, Maas visited the village in July 2008 to collect more information, and laid a wreath at the memorial.

Population

See also
Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department
Oradour-sur-Glane
French Resistance
The Maquis
Waffen-SS

References
INSEE commune file

External links

Website of Maillé
The forgotten French village massacre - BBC News article

Category:Communes of Indre-et-Loire


Jacques Loeb

Jacques Loeb (;<ref>"Loeb". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.</ref> ; April 7, 1859 – February 11, 1924) was a German-born American physiologist and biologist.

Biography

Jacques Loeb, firstborn son of a Jewish family from the German Eifel region, was educated at the universities of Berlin, Munich, and Strasburg (M.D. 1884). He took postgraduate courses at the universities of Strasburg and Berlin, and in 1886 became assistant at the physiological institute of the University of Würzburg, remaining there till 1888. In a similar capacity, he then went to Strasburg University. During his vacations he pursued biological researches, at Kiel in 1888, and at Naples in 1889 and 1890.

Jacques Loeb first arrived in the United States in 1891 when he accepted a position at Bryn Mawr College, however, they provided insufficient facilities for his work which would later influence his resignation. In 1892, he was called to the University of Chicago as assistant professor of physiology and experimental biology, while later becoming associate professor in 1895, and professor of physiology in 1899. John B. Watson (the "father of Behaviorism") attended Loeb's neurology classes at the University of Chicago. In 1902, he was called to fill a similar chair at the University of California.

In 1910, Loeb moved to the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York, where he headed a department created for him. He remained at Rockefeller (now Rockefeller University) until his death. Throughout his career, Loeb spent some summers at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, performing experiments on various marine invertebrates. While there, Jacques Loeb performed his most famous experiment, on artificial parthenogenesis. With this experiment, Loeb was able to cause the sea urchins' eggs to begin embryonic development without sperm. The slight chemical modifications of the water in which the eggs were kept, served as the stimulus for the development to begin. Later in 1918, Loeb established and became the first Editor of the Journal of General Physiology.Jacques Loeb became one of the most famous scientists in America, widely covered in newspapers and magazines, influencing other important individuals in the scientific world such as B.F. Skinner. He was the model for the character of Max Gottlieb in Sinclair Lewis's Pulitzer-winning novel Arrowsmith, the first great work of fiction to idealize and idolize pure science. Mark Twain also wrote an essay titled "Dr. Loeb's Incredible Discovery", urging the reader not to support a rigid general consensus, but to instead be open to new scientific advances.

Loeb was nominated many times for the Nobel Prize but never won.

Loeb was an atheist.Stout, Harry S., and D. G. Hart. New Directions in American Religious History. New York: Oxford UP, 1997. Print. Loeb was a forthright atheist..."

Research area
The main subjects of Loeb's work were:

 Animal tropisms and their relation to the instincts of animals
 Heteromorphosis, the replacement of an injured or removed organ by a different organ
 Toxic and antitoxic effects of ions
 Artificial parthenogenesis
 Hybridization of the eggs of sea-urchins by the sperm of starfish

Works
Among Loeb's works the following may be mentioned:
 Der Heliotropismus der Thiere und seine Uebereinstimmung mit dem Heliotropismus der Pflanzen, Würzburg: Verlag von Georg Hertz, 1890.
 Untersuchungen zur physiologischen Morphologie der Thiere, Würzburg: Verlag von Georg Hertz, 1891–1892. 2 vols., vol. 1: Ueber Heteromorphose, vol. 2: Organbildung und Wachsthum.
 Einleitung in die vergleichende Gehirnphysiologie und vergleichende Psychologie, Leipzig: J. A. Barth, 1899. English ed., Comparative physiology of the brain and comparative psychology, New York: Putnam, 1900.
 Studies in general physiology, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1905.
 The dynamics of living matter, New York: Columbia University Press, 1906.
 The mechanistic conception of life: biological essays, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1912; reprint, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1964.
 Artificial parthenogenesis and fertilization, tr. from German by W. O. Redman King, rev. and ed. by Loeb. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1913.
 The organism as a whole, from a physicochemical viewpoint, New York: Putnam, 1916.
 Forced movements, tropisms, and animal conduct, Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1918.
 Proteins and the theory of colloidal behavior, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1922.The Mechanistic Conception of Life'' is Loeb's most famous and influential work. It contains English translations of some of his previous publications in German.

Family
His younger brother Leo also emigrated to the United States where he became a noted pathologist.

References

Sources

External links

 Jacques Loeb at The Embryo Project Encyclopedia.
 Loeb Family Tree
 Jacques Loeb at the Jewish Encyclopedia.
 Jacques Loeb at infoplease.com.
National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

Category:1859 births
Category:1924 deaths
Category:Jewish physical chemists
Category:People from Mayen
Category:People from the Rhine Province
Category:German Jews
Category:German atheists
Category:German emigrants to the United States
Category:American people of German-Jewish descent
Category:German physiologists
Category:American atheists
Category:American physiologists
Category:University of Chicago faculty
Category:Rockefeller University people
Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences


Labesvara Siva Temple

Labesvara Siva Temple (Hanumantesvara) is a Hindu temple situated near Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. The sandstone temple shows signs of deterioration, including cracks in the roof through which rain water percolates into the sanctum.

See also
 List of temples in Bhubaneswar
 List of Hindu temples in India: Orissa

Reference notes

Lesser Known Monuments of Bhubaneswar by Dr. Sadasiba Pradhan ().
https://web.archive.org/web/20121009190909/http://ignca.nic.in/asi_reports/

Category:Hindu temples in Bhubaneswar


Chithiram Pesuthadi 2

Chithiram Pesuthadi 2 () is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language hyperlink drama film written and directed by Rajan Madhav. It features an ensemble cast including Vidharth, Ajmal Ameer, Ashok, Radhika Apte, Nivedhitha, Gayathrie, Nivas Adithan, and newcomers Nandhan and Priya Banerjee. The film has music composed by Sajan Madhav, cinematography by Padmesh and editing by K.Venkatramanan. The film is a connection of four different stories that happen in 48 hours.

The film which began production in 2013 under the title Ula was shot in and around Chennai, and the film was released in 15 February 2019. Although the title may suggest it as a sequel to the 2006 blockbuster Chithiram Pesuthadi, the storyline is entirely different, hence proving no apparent relationship between the two films, even though both films were produced by the same producer.

Plot
Thiru (Vidharth) is a hired killer who attacks a dreaded gangster (Shammi Thilakan) with a sickle but has to escape as he is witnessed by Kathir (Nandhan) and is forced to go underground with Salim (Ashok). Kathir admits the gangster in a hospital and also informs the police but fails to keep an appointment with his girlfriend Priya (Gayathrie), who has come out of her house to elope with him. Salim is ordered by his boss (Subbu Panchu) to finish off the gangster, who is now hospitalized, and also kill Thiru after that. Meanwhile, the gangster's wife Durga (Radhika Apte) rushes to the hospital but seems to be intent on seeing her husband die rather than saving him.  The fourth plot involves Vicky (Ajmal Ameer), who is in the danger of losing his property and turns to blackmail to get the three crores to save it. There is yet another story of two thieves, Mani (Nivas Adithan) and Senthil Palani (Blade Shankar), who rob Priya's bag, which contains her family jewel with the former in love with a call girl named Dhanalakshmi (Nivedhitha), who in turn is in love with Thiru. There is also a policeman (Aadukalam Naren) and industrialist, another cop who is badly in need of money and hatches a plan to rob a businessman.

Cast

Vidharth as Thiru
Ajmal Ameer as Vicky
Ashok as Salim
Radhika Apte as Durga
Nivedhitha as Dhanalakshmi
Gayathrie as Priya
Nivas Adithan as Mani
Nandhan Loganathan as Kathir
Priya Banerjee as Nanditha
Shammi Thilakan as Gangster
Blade Shankar as Senthil Palani
Subbu Panchu as Salim's boss
Aadukalam Naren as Police Inspector
Azhagam Perumal
Ganeshkar
Vatsan Chakravarthy
Dwayne Bravo (Guest appearance)

Production
In July 2012, actor Prasanna revealed that Rajan Madhav had finished his next script and that he would be a part of the cast. The film was titled as Ula in August 2012 and was said to be a multi-starrer. Thaman was signed to compose the film's score and soundtrack, while Padmesh and Praveen K. L.-N. B. Srikanth were picked as the cinematographer and the editors. In a turn of events, the film changed a number of technicians with a new editor and music composer being recruited.

The shoot of the film began in March 2013. Along with Prasanna, Narain was supposed to play the lead roles, but the pair were subsequently replaced with Ajmal and Ashok, while Gayathrie was selected to play the female lead. Ajmal stated that he played a rock star in the film and that he was paired with Mumbai-based Priya Banerjee. In August 2013, a song, penned by Madhan Karky, was to be shot. Vidharth said that he played the role of a rowdy gang leader. Gayathrie in October 2013 stated that every character in the film comes in shades of grey and that seventy per cent of the film had been completed. West Indies cricketer Dwayne Bravo had agreed to dance for a song in the film, which was shot in October 2013.

After four years of delay, in October 2018, the film's title was changed from Ula to Chithiram Pesuthadi 2.

Reception
Srivatsan S of The Hindu derided the film for being outdated.

Soundtrack
Dal Meni Dal Meni – Gaana Bala, Dwayne Bravo

References

External links

Category:2019 films
Category:Indian films
Category:Tamil-language films
Category:2010s thriller drama films
Category:Indian thriller drama films
Category:Indian nonlinear narrative films
Category:Films featuring an item number


Would You Marry Me?

Would You Marry Me? (Spanish:Quiere casarse conmigo...?!) is a 1967 Argentine-Spanish musical comedy film directed by Enrique Carreras and starring Palito Ortega, Sonia Bruno and Eddie Pequenino. The film's art direction was by Gori Muñoz.

Cast
 Palito Ortega as Tito Crespo
 Sonia Bruno as Elena
 Eddie Pequenino as Zampognatto
 Tono Andreu as Nicanor
 Mariquita Gallegos as Patricia
 Juan Carlos Altavista as Mandadero
 Guido Gorgatti as Modisto
 Rosalía as Rosalía
 Enrique San Miguel
 Carlos Víctor Andriss
 Ignacio de Soroa
 Marta Cipriano
 Atilio Pozzobon
 José Ruzo
 Karina as Bit Part
 Tatave Moulin
 Catalina Speroni
 Aída Luz as Agustina
 Fredy Tadeo as Fredy
 Rafael Diserio
 Nené Morales

References

Bibliography
 Peter Cowie & Derek Elley. World Filmography: 1967. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1977.

External links

Category:1967 films
Category:1960s musical comedy films
Category:Spanish films
Category:Spanish musical comedy films
Category:Argentine musical comedy films
Category:Argentine films
Category:Spanish-language films
Category:Films directed by Enrique Carreras


Ingvald Jaklin

Ingvald Johannes Jaklin (22 February 1896 – 13 December 1966) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Lyngen.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from the Market towns of Nordland, Troms and Finnmark in 1950, and was re-elected on two occasions. He had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the term 1945–1949.

Jaklin held various positions in Tromsø city council from 1925 to 1963, serving as mayor in the periods 1945–1947, 1947–1951 and 1951–1953.

References

Category:1896 births
Category:1966 deaths
Category:People from Lyngen
Category:Labour Party (Norway) politicians
Category:Members of the Storting
Category:20th-century Norwegian politicians
Category:Place of death missing


HMS Sylvia

HMS Sylvia has been the name of five ships of the British Royal Navy, and may refer to:

, an  10-gun schooner launched in 1806 and sold in 1816. She became a merchantman and was wrecked c. end-1823.
, a 6-gun cutter launched in 1827, converted to a survey vessel in 1842, and sold in 1859.
, a wood screw sloop of four guns, launched in 1866, completed as a survey vessel, and sold in 1889.
, a destroyer launched in 1897 and sold in 1919.
, an  launched in 1944 and sold for breaking up in 1958.

Sylvia


Joseph Ernest Cyr

Joseph Ernest Cyr (September 4, 1854 – April 12, 1929) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, the son of Michel Cyr and Mary-Louise Moquin, Cyr was educated at St. Laurent College near Montreal. He moved to St. Boniface, Manitoba in 1882 and was mayor in 1885. A notary, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in an 1883 by-election held following the death of Alexander Kittson. Cyr was defeated when he ran for reelection to the Manitoba assembly in 1888. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the federal riding of Provencher in 1887, then was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for Provencher in 1904. In 1910, Cyr was named Superintendent of Dominion Public Works in Winnipeg.

He married Adelaide Cesarine Senez in 1875.

References

Category:1854 births
Category:1929 deaths
Category:Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Category:Mayors of Saint Boniface, Winnipeg
Category:Manitoba Liberal Party MLAs
Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Manitoba


Oromasiphya

Oromasiphya is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae. There are at least two described species in Oromasiphya.

Species
These two species belong to the genus Oromasiphya:
 Oromasiphya ornata Townsend, 1927
 Oromasiphya urbanae Guimaraes, 1966

References

Further reading

Category:Flies
Category:Articles created by Qbugbot


List of best-selling singles in 1998 (Japan)

This is a list of the best-selling singles in 1998 in Japan, as reported by Oricon.

References

Category:1998 in Japanese music
1998
Category:Oricon
Category:Japanese music-related lists


DZUN

Magik 88.7 is a music FM radio station owned by BPS Broadcasting Media Services. The station's studio and transmitter are located at 3rd Floor, Zen’s Building, Ayala Highway, Balintawak, Lipa, Batangas.

History

Category:Radio stations in Batangas
Category:Radio stations established in 2012


Vitellia (ancient Latin town)

Vitellia was an ancient town of Latium in central Italy.

In around 488 BC, Vitellia was captured by an invading army of the Volsci, led by Gaius Marcius Coriolanus and Attius Tullius.

References

Category:Former populated places in Italy


List of mentally ill monarchs

This article lists monarchs who were documented to have mental illness or "madness". Such allegations are not necessarily conclusive, since the documenters might have written from political biases or rumor.

Roman emperors

Justin II (c. 520 – 5 October 578, ruled 15 November 565 – 574). John of Ephesus, who suffered theological persecution under Justin, wrote that his "mind was agitated and darkened" such that he behaved at times like a wild animal. On the advice of his wife Sophia and the Senate, he adopted the general Tiberius II Constantine as his son and delegated state authority to him.

European monarchs
King Charles VI of France (1368–1422; ruled 1380–1422), known as Charles le Fou ("Charles the Mad"), suffered from bouts of psychosis, including glass delusion.
King Henry VI of England (1421–1471; ruled 1422–1461 and 1470–1471). A breakdown in 1453 caused him to neglect state affairs for more than a year. A Lord Protector was appointed on that and two subsequent occasions to govern the kingdom. The ensuing succession struggles gave rise to the Wars of the Roses.
Queen Joanna of Castile (1479–1555; ruled 1504–1555), known as Juana la Loca ("Joanna the Mad"), is believed by historians to have suffered from melancholia, psychosis or schizophrenia.
King Eric XIV of Sweden (1533–1577; ruled 1560–1568). Developed paranoia and irrational, violent streaks later in his life leading to an erratic rule and the brutal murders of several real or perceived political rivals  in the Sture Murders. Eric himself stabbed Nils Svantesson Sture to death.
King Philip V of Spain (1683–1746; ruled 1700–24, 1724–46). Suffered from intense melancholia.
King Ferdinand VI of Spain (1713–59). Like his father Philip V, suffered from melancholia.
Queen Maria I of Portugal (1734–1816; ruled 1777–1816), known as Maria, a Louca ("Mary the Mad"). Around 1790 Maria's long-expressed anxieties developed into religiously-themed delusions. Her ministers determined that she was insane and appointed her son João to govern the kingdom.
King George III of the United Kingdom (1738–1820; ruled 1760–1820) exhibited signs of mental disorder, in the form of logorrhea, as early as 1788. He fell into a profound depression after the death of his beloved Princess Amelia, and Parliament delegated his state duties to George, Prince of Wales.
King Christian VII of Denmark (1749–1808; ruled 1767–1808). Although never completely incapacitated, Christian displayed severe emotional and moral instability, and members of his court and personal staff struggled to build a functioning government around him.
King Ludwig II of Bavaria (1845–1886; ruled 1864–1886) irritated his ministers with his uncontrolled spending on magnificent castles. With no end in sight, they arranged for a panel of psychiatrists to declare him insane and installed his uncle as regent. Although the ministers were motivated by political concerns, medical explanations have been offered that include frontotemporal dementia, schizotypal personality disorder and Pick's disease.
King Otto of Bavaria (1848–1916; ruled 1886–1913) suffered from depression, anxiety and insomnia throughout his life. In 1886, the senior royal medical officer wrote a statement declaring that Otto was severely mentally ill. Otto is believed to have suffered from schizophrenia.

Middle Eastern monarchs

Nebuchadnezzar II (c. 634 BC – c. 562 BC, ruled c. 605 BC – c. 562 BC) is described in the Bible as displaying symptoms consistent with boanthropy.
Majd al-Dawla (993–1029, ruled 997–1029) was suffering from boanthropy until he was cured by Avicenna, according to Persian traditions.
Talal of Jordan (1909–1972, ruled 1951–1952) abdicated the throne after being unsuccessfully treated for schizophrenia.

East Asian monarchs

Emperor Taishō (大正天皇, Taishō-tennō, 31 August 1879 – 25 December 1926) of Japan, suffered from a variety of neurological disorders, which though at least partially physical in origin incorporated psychological elements as well. Discussion or criticism of an emperor, including that of health issues, remains a controversial subject in Japan for cultural, political, and religious reasons and is referred to as the Chrysanthemum taboo.

References

Mentally ill
Category:Royalty and nobility with disabilities
*
Mentally ill monarchs


Manzanita, Marin County, California

Manzanita (formerly, Manza Waldo and Manzanita Junction) is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California. Manzanita is also known as the Unincorporated Sausalito Houseboat Community. It is located  south of downtown San Rafael, at an elevation of 16 feet (5 m). It is located near Marin City.

The community is in area codes 415 and 628. The community was represented by Third District county supervisor Charles McGlashan until his death in May 2011, after which it has been represented by Kate Sears. There are 400 floating dwellings in 5 marinas. The community has a history of being the drug and sex mecca for Marin County, although that era has largely passed.

References

Category:Unincorporated communities in California
Category:Unincorporated communities in Marin County, California
Category:Houseboats
Category:Populated coastal places in California


Lee Scott (businessman)

Harold Lee Scott Jr. is an American businessman who served as the third chief executive officer of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., from January 2000 to January 2009. Scott joined Walmart in 1979 and under his leadership, the company retained its position as the largest retailer in the world based on revenue, although the company faced growing criticism during his tenure for its environmental footprint, labor practices, and economic impact. Scott has been a board member of Walmart since 1999, and served as chairman of the executive committee of the retailer's board of directors.

Scott was born and raised in Baxter Springs, Kansas and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in business from Pittsburg State University. He is married to Linda G. Scott and has two children. Scott was named to the Time magazine list of the hundred "most influential people" in both 2004 and 2005.

References

External links

Category:1949 births
Category:Living people
Category:American retail chief executives
Category:Directors of Walmart
Category:People from Baxter Springs, Kansas
Category:Pittsburg State University alumni
Category:Walmart people

la:Lee Scott


Sensō-ji

is an ancient Buddhist temple located in Asakusa, Tokyo, Japan. It is Tokyo's oldest temple, and one of its most significant. Formerly associated with the Tendai sect of Buddhism, it became independent after World War II. Adjacent to the temple is a five-story pagoda, the Asakusa Shinto shrine, as well as many shops with traditional goods in the Nakamise-dōri.

The Sensoji Kannon temple is dedicated to Kannon Bosatsu, the Bodhisattva of compassion, and is the most widely visited spiritual site in the world with over 30 million visitors annually.

The temple has a titanium tiled roof that maintains the historic image but is stronger and lighter.

History
The temple is dedicated to the bodhisattva Kannon (Avalokiteśvara). According to legend, a statue of the Kannon was found in the Sumida River in 628 by two fishermen, the brothers Hinokuma Hamanari and Hinokuma Takenari. The chief of their village, Hajino Nakamoto, recognized the sanctity of the statue and enshrined it by remodeling his own house into a small temple in Asakusa so that the villagers could worship Kannon.

The first temple was founded in 645 AD, which makes it the oldest temple in Tokyo. In the early years of the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa Ieyasu designated Sensō-ji as tutelary temple of the Tokugawa clan.

The Nishinomiya Inari shrine is located within the precincts of Sensō-ji and a torii identifies the entry into the hallowed ground of the shrine. A bronze plaque on the gateway structure lists those who contributed to the construction of the torii, which was erected in 1727 (Kyōhō 12, 11th month).

During World War II, the temple was bombed and destroyed during the 10 March air raid on Tokyo. It was rebuilt later and is a symbol of rebirth and peace to the Japanese people. In the courtyard there is a tree that was hit by a bomb in the air raids, and it had regrown in the husk of the old tree and is a similar symbol to the temple itself.

Temple grounds

Sensō-ji is the focus of Tokyo's largest and most popular festival, Sanja Matsuri. This takes place over 3–4 days in late spring, and sees the surrounding streets closed to traffic from dawn until late evening.

Dominating the entrance to the temple is the Kaminarimon or "Thunder Gate". This imposing Buddhist structure features a massive paper lantern dramatically painted in vivid red-and-black tones to suggest thunderclouds and lightning.  Beyond the Kaminarimon is Nakamise-dori with its shops, followed by the Hōzōmon or "Treasure House Gate" which provides the entrance to the inner complex.  Within the precincts stand a stately five-story pagoda and the main hall, devoted to Kannon.

Many tourists, both Japanese and from abroad, visit Sensō-ji every year. Catering to the visiting crowds, the surrounding area has many traditional shops and eating places that feature traditional dishes (hand-made noodles, sushi, tempura, etc.). Nakamise-Dori, the street leading from the Thunder Gate to the temple itself, is lined with small shops selling souvenirs ranging from fans, ukiyo-e (woodblock prints), kimono and other robes, Buddhist scrolls, traditional sweets, to Godzilla toys, t-shirts and mobile phone straps. These shops themselves are part of a living tradition of selling to pilgrims who walked to Sensō-ji.

Within the temple itself, and also at many places on its approach, there are o-mikuji stalls. For a suggested donation of 100 yen, visitors may consult the oracle and divine answers to their questions. Querents shake labelled sticks from enclosed metal containers and read the corresponding answers they retrieve from one of 100 possible drawers.

Within the temple is a quiet contemplative garden kept in the distinctive Japanese style.

Kaminarimon

The  is the outer of two large entrance gates that ultimately leads to the Sensō-ji (the inner being the Hōzōmon) in Asakusa, Tokyo, Japan. The gate, with its lantern and statues, is popular with tourists. It stands 11.7 m tall, 11.4 m wide and covers an area of 69.3 m2. The first gate was built in 941, but the current gate dates from 1960, after the previous gate was destroyed in a fire in 1865.

History
The Kaminarimon was first built in 941 AD by Taira no Kinmasa, a military commander. It was originally located near Komagata, but it was reconstructed in its current location in 1635. This is believed to be when the gods of wind and thunder were first placed on the gate. The gate has been destroyed many times throughout the ages.  Four years after its relocation, the Kaminarimon burned down, and in 1649 ADTokugawa Iemitsu rebuilt the gate along with several other of the major structures in the temple complex. The gate burnt to the ground in 1757 AD and again in 1865 AD. The Kaminarimon's current structure was dedicated in December 1960 AD . Ninety-five years after the last fire, Konosuke Matsushita, the founder of Matsushita Electric Industrial Company (now Panasonic), was asked to rebuild the gate. With monetary donations from Matsushita, the gate was rebuilt in 1960.

Features

Four statues are housed in the Kaminarimon, two in the front alcoves and two on the other side. On the front of the gate, the statues of the Shinto gods Fūjin and Raijin are displayed. Fūjin, the god of wind, is located on the east side of the gate, while Raijin, the god of thunder, is located on the west side. The original sculptures were severely damaged in the fire of 1865, with only the heads being saved, and the statues restored for the gate's 1960 reconstruction.

Two additional statues stand on the reverse of the gate: the Buddhist god Tenryū on the east, and the goddess Kinryū on the west side. These were donated in 1978 to commemorate the 1350th anniversary of the first appearance of the bodhisattva Kannon (Avalokiteśvara) at Asakusa, which led to the founding of Sensō-ji. The statues were carved by then-106-year-old master sculptor Hirakushi Denchū.

A giant red lantern (chōchin) hangs under the center of the gate. It is 3.9 meters tall, 3.3 meters wide and weighs approximately . The current lantern, the fifth iteration, was built by Takahashi Chōchin K.K in 2013 and has the same metallic base on the bottom as the previous lantern. The base has a name plate that says "Matsushita Denki", an abbreviated form of Panasonic's old Japanese name, Matsushita Denki Sangyo Kabushiki Gaisha. The front of the lantern displays the gate's name, . Painted on the back is the gate's official name, . During festivals such as Sanja Matsuri, the lantern is collapsed to let tall objects pass through the gate.

The characters  on the tablet above the lantern read from right to left and reference the Sensō-ji.

Hozomon

The  is the inner of two large entrance gates that ultimately leads to the Sensō-ji (the outer being the Kaminarimon) in Asakusa, Tokyo. A two-story gate (nijūmon), the Hōzōmon's second story houses many of the Sensō-ji's treasures. The first story houses two statues, three lanterns and two large sandals. It stands  tall,  wide, and  deep.

History

The Hōzōmon was first built in 942 AD by Taira no Kinmasa. Destroyed by fire in 1631, it was rebuilt by Tokugawa Iemitsu in 1636. It stood for 300 more years until it was once again burned down during the Tokyo air raids of 1945. In 1964, the present steel-reinforced concrete structure was built with a donation of ¥150 million from Yonetarō Motoya.

Since the gate was reconstructed using flame-resistant materials, the upper story of the Hōzōmon stores the Sensō-ji's treasured sutras. These treasures include a copy of the Lotus Sutra that is designated a Japanese National Treasure and the Issai-kyō, a complete collection of Buddhist scriptures that has been designated an Important Cultural Property.

Features

Unlike the Kaminarimon, which houses four different statues, the Hōzōmon houses two guardian statues that are located on either side of the gate's south face.  These 5.45-metre-tall statues represent Niō, the guardian deities of the Buddha. Because of these statues, the gate was originally called the  before it was renamed the Hōzōmon.

The gate also features three large lanterns.  The largest and most prominent lantern is a red chōchin that hangs under the center of the gate's opening. With a height of 3.75 m, a diameter of 2.7 m and a weight of 400 kg, the lantern displays the name of the town . The current iteration of the lantern dates back to 2003 when ¥5 million was donated by the people of Kobunachō. Its donation commemorated the 400th-year-anniversary of the start of the Edo period. On either side of the chōchin hangs two 2.75 metre-tall copper tōrō weighing approximately 1000 kg each. All three lanterns are completely removed during festivals such as Sanja Matsuri.

On the Hōzōmon's north (back) face are the waraji, two 4.5 m long, 1.5 m wide straw sandals that weigh 400 kg each.

Nakamise-dōri

The  is a street on the approach to the temple. It is said to have come about in the early 18th century, when neighbors of Sensō-ji were granted permission to set up shops on the approach to the temple. However, in May 1885 the government of Tokyo ordered all shop owners to leave. In December of that same year the area was reconstructed in Western-style brick. During the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake many of the shops were destroyed, then rebuilt in 1925 using concrete, only to be destroyed again during the bombings of World War II.

The length of the street is approximately 250 meters and contains around 89 shops.

Gallery

See also
 Buddhist temples in Japan
 Glossary of Japanese Buddhism
 List of Buddhist temples
 List of National Treasures of Japan (writings)

Notes

References
 McClain, James L., John M. Merriman, Kaoru Ugawa and Ugawa Kaoru. (1997).  Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ; OCLC 39088759

External links

 SensojiTemple.com. English language tourism resource about the buddhist Sensoji Temple in Asakusa, Tokyo, Japan

Category:Asakusa
Category:Buddhist temples in Tokyo
Category:Buildings and structures in Japan destroyed during World War II


Anderster

Anderster, or andɐrstɐr as it says on the album cover, is a studio album by the German punk rock band Wizo, released 1 November 2004. When announcing the album, the band offered the English translation of "differenter". The band explains on the back cover of the album that the album was supposed to be different but instead turned out even "differenter".

The word anderster is an artificial construction based on the German word anders, which means "different". The word anderster does not officially exist within the German language and could be considered a neologism or a grammatically incorrect construction. Because anders is an adverb, it is not considered proper to use in a comparative describing a noun. The proper adjective form of anders is andersartig, which changes to andersartiger with the proper comparative inflection, meaning "more different".

The album was the last album released prior to the band's dissolution in 2005.

Track listing

 Kopf ab, Schwanz ab, Has! (head off, tail off, hare!)   1:13
 Nana  2:26
 Jimmy  4:18
 Unsichtbare Frau (invisible woman)   2:40
 Kleines Missgestück (little mishap/bitch (combination of both words))   2:46
 Der lustige Tagedieb (the jolly dawdler)   3:20
 Heut Nacht (tonight)   2:23
 Egon  2:39
 Phlughaphöm (airport (wrong spelling))  2:27
 Chezus (Jesus (wrong spelling))  3:45
 Schlau, Versaut und Gutaussehend (smart, dirty and attractive)  3:31
 Raumgleita (orbital glider (wrong spelling))  3:24
 Miss Pickafight  2:39
 Z.G.V.  4:05

Category:Wizo albums
Category:2004 albums


Niger national football team

The Niger national football team represents Niger in international association football through the Nigerien Football Federation, a member of Confederation of African Football (CAF). Niger plays in the colors of the flag of Niger, white, green and orange. Their nickname comes from the Dama gazelle, native to Niger, the Hausa name of which is Meyna or Ménas The Dama appears on their badge in the colors of the national flag.

History
Although one of the weaker sides in the strong West Africa region, Niger has produced a couple of noteworthy runs in qualifying tournaments.

One of their best performances was in the 1982 FIFA World Cup qualifiers in which Niger eliminated Somalia and Togo on the away goals rule, but were beaten by Algeria in the third round where only eight teams were left. Notable players in this run included Jacques Komlan, Hassane Adamou and Moussa Kanfideni.

In 1990, they set a record by thrashing Mauritania 7–1 in continental qualifiers, the highest positive score margin for the Mena.

In the 2004 African Nations Cup qualifiers, Niger won all their home games (including a win over Guinea) to finish on nine points, just three short of qualification.

The Niger squad is also plagued by financial concerns, which have caused them to withdraw from international tournaments on more than one occasion. The Nigerien Football Federation would have turned to fundraising to pay for their trip to the 2010 African Cup of Nations in Angola, had they qualified.

On 10 October 2010, Niger earned a shock 1–0 win over Egypt at home in the 2012 African Cup of Nations qualification.

Despite a failed run for AFCON 2010, Niger hosted and won the UEMOA Tournament in November 2010, and followed up with their first ever qualification for the African Nations Championship in February 2011.

After home wins over South Africa and Sierra Leone, on 8 October 2011 Niger qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations for the first time in its history, despite losing 3–0 in Egypt. Niger, South Africa and Sierra Leone all ended with nine points, but Niger qualified thanks to their superior head-to-head record against their rivals.

At the 2012 African Cup of Nations, Niger was placed in Group C alongside co-hosts Gabon, Tunisia and Morocco. In their opening match, Niger lost 2–0 to Gabon, while against Tunisia in Libreville, Niger trailed 1–0 on an early goal from Youssef Msakni in which he dribbled his way through for a fine goal after just four minutes. William N'Gounou, however, then made history by scoring Niger's first ever goal at the African Cup of Nations. A 1–1 draw looked likely, but Issam Jemâa's goal would eliminate Niger from the tournament. In the final match, Niger faced Morocco in a match featuring two sides already eliminated from the tournament. Younès Belhanda scored on an assist from Marouane Chamakh just 11 minutes from time to give Morocco a 1–0 victory.

Later in 2012, Niger repeated its success in African Nations Cup qualifiers by beating Guinea in a two-legged series to qualify for the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations. Guinea won the first match 1–0, but Niger won 2–0 in the second leg. Goalscorers Mohamed Chikoto and Issoufou Boubacar had sent Niger to another African Cup of Nations tournament.

In their first match at the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, Niger lost 1–0 to Mali at the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium in Port Elizabeth. Mali captain Seydou Keita handed his nation the hard-fought victory five minutes before the end of the encounter. Niger then earned their first point ever at the African Cup of nations after holding DR Congo to a 0–0 draw. In the third match, Ghana outclassed Niger 3–0 to reach the quarter-finals as Group B winners. Niger finished bottom of the group.

On 22 May 2014, Niger played a friendly match against Ukraine, marking the first ever match against a European nation. Oumarou Bale scored in the 56th minute, cancelling out a 20th-minute goal from Ivan Ordets before Ukraine won on a goal from Taras Stepanenko as the match finished 2–1.

Competitive record

World Cup record

Africa Cup of Nations record

African Nations Championship record

Head-to-head record against other nations

Results and fixtures

2018

2019

Players

Current squad
The following players have been selected for the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification matches against Ivory Coast on 16 November 2019.

Caps and goals updated as of 23 March 2019 after the game against Egypt.

Recent call-ups
The following players have been called up for Niger in the last 12 months.

DEC Player refused to join the team after the call-up.
INJ Player withdrew from the squad due to an injury.
PRE Preliminary squad.
RET Player has retired from international football.
SUS Suspended from the national team.

Records

Players in bold text are still active with Niger.

List of coaches

  Patrice Neveu (1999–2000)
  Jean-Yves Chay (2000)
  Yeo Martial (2002–2003)
  Bana Tchanile (2006–2007)
  Hamey Amadou (2007–2008)
  Dan Anghelescu (2008)
  Frederic Costa (2008–2009)
  Harouna Doula Gabde (2009–2012)
  Rolland Courbis (2012)
  Gernot Rohr (2012–2014)
  Cheick Omar Diabate (2014–2015)
  François Zahoui (2015–2019)
  Jean-Guy Wallemme (2019–present)

References

External links

 Niger Football Federation website

Category:African national association football teams
Football


St. Augustine, Illinois

St. Augustine is a village in Knox County, Illinois, United States. The population was 120 at the 2010 census, down from 152 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
St. Augustine is located in the southwest corner of Knox County at  (40.719523, -90.409832). The southern boundary of the village follows the Fulton county line. Illinois Route 41 passes through the center of the village, leading north  to Abingdon and  to Galesburg, the county seat. To the south IL 41 leads  to Bushnell. Illinois Route 116 follows the northern border of the village, leading east  to London Mills and west  to Roseville.

According to the 2010 census, St. Augustine has a total area of , all land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 152 people, 68 households, and 43 families residing in the village. The population density was 247.2 people per square mile (96.2/km²). There were 73 housing units at an average density of 118.7 per square mile (46.2/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White.

There were 68 households out of which 19.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the village, the population was spread out with 18.4% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 20.4% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 64, and 25.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $34,375, and the median income for a family was $35,357. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $20,313 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,549. About 4.3% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty five or over.

References

Category:Villages in Illinois
Category:Villages in Knox County, Illinois
Category:Galesburg, Illinois micropolitan area


Ahmad Madani

Ahmad Madani (July/August 1929 – 12 February 2006) was an Iranian politician, Commander of Iranian Navy (1979), governor of the Khuzestan province (1979–80) and candidate in the first Iranian presidential election. Madani became a navy Commodore in 1970, but was removed in 1973. He later became a navy commander after the revolution and was the first ever Minister of Defence under the new regime. Madani was also elected to the first parliament from Kerman, but was not approved. He eventually fled to the United States in 1980.

Pre-Revolution
Ahmad Madani was born in 1929 in Tehran.

He grew up in Kerman before returning to Tehran to pursue university education. Madani studied law at the University of Tehran, before joining the Iranian Navy and moving to England  to continue his education. In 1953, Madani reached the rank of Ensign in the navy, and in 1970 he reached the rank of Commodore.

Madani spent most of his service in Bandar Abbas and the Persian Gulf. He was dismissed from the navy in 1973 for his political activities, and until the 1979 revolution he taught political science and economics throughout various universities in Iran.

Electoral history

Exile and death
In 1980, Madani discovered that he was accused of communicating with the United States, and this decided to flee the country. Madani settled in the United States where he was the chairman of the National Front outside of Iran.

Madani died on 12 February 2006 due to cancer, in his home in Colorado.

References

Category:1929 births
Category:2006 deaths
Category:Defence ministers of Iran
Category:Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in the United States
Category:Iranian governors
Category:National Front (Iran) politicians
Category:Candidates in the 1980 Iranian presidential election
Category:Iranian emigrants to the United States
Category:Iranian elected officials who did not take office
Category:Commanders of Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
Category:People from Kerman Province