American INSIGHT

American INSIGHT’s mission is to promote knowledge of (and insight into) "Free Speech, Human Rights, and the Rule of Law," by broadening exposure to the history and future of Free Speech through emerging technologies. Combining the resources of a broadcast-quality television production company with a fully integrated digital network and delivery system for multi-platform media content, American INSIGHT is a 501 (c) 3 nonprofit organization registered in the State of Pennsylvania.

American INSIGHT was founded in 1983 by Margaret Chew Barringer under the original name of the American Poetry Center to promote Free Speech and the Spoken Word. Its success in Pennsylvania led to the creation of National Poetry Month. The organization legally changed its name to American INSIGHT as it prepared to reach Internet audiences through the latest advances in all-digital historic archival research, video production techniques, and Internet-based delivery systems.

Ongoing Programs

Internship Program
Initiated in 2001, American INSIGHT's Internship Program has fostered the talents of over 50 university students in the Greater Philadelphia area who are dedicated to preserving our nation's history. Interns who successfully volunteer or receive academic credit for a semester are eligible to apply for American INSIGHT's paid Internships. By including Interns in all phases of the production of historical documentaries, American INSIGHT fills a critical need in our nation's television production industry.

Free Speech Film Festival + Free Speech Award
American INSIGHT’s Free Speech Film Festival was created and developed after six years of detailed research into the history of Free Speech. Managed by university students enrolled in American INSIGHT’s Internship Program, the Festival is a low-cost, grassroots, sustainable program that unites Celebrity Presenters, students, scholars, poets, artists, scientists, writers, educators, and the general public in conversations about the history and future of Free Speech.

Filmmakers from nations around the world participated in American INSIGHT's 2012 Free Speech Film Festival. Winner of the 2012 Free Speech Awards was Free China: The Courage to Believe, directed by Michael Perlman and Kean Wong. The film focuses on human rights and slave labor camps inside China, and is told through the story of a Chinese mother whose life is transformed by the peaceful spiritual movement that swept across China in the 1990s. Israeli-American film director, Joseph Ohayon, won American INSIGHT's 2013 Free Speech Award for his documentary, Crossroads: Labor Pains of a New World. The documentary explores the depths of the current human condition and the emergence of a new worldview.

American INSIGHT’s 2015 Free Speech Award-winning film, Honor Diaries, the first film to break the silence on “honor violence” against women and girls, features women’s rights advocates with roots in Muslim majority societies. Winner of American INSIGHT’s Free Speech Award in 2016, Australian Director Judy Rymer’s film, I Will Not Be Silenced, graphically predicts the beginnings of change for women in Kenya. British Director Tarquin Ramsay’s film Free Speech Fear Free, examines the lurking threat of corporate and government surveillance, and won American INSIGHT’s 2017 Free Speech Award.

American INSIGHT's 2018 Free Speech Award was given to TEAM ENOUGH, a youth-based group committed to ending gun violence.  The 2019 Free Speech Award was presented to Brave New Films Founder and Director Robert Greenwald for his film "SUPPRESSED: The Fight to Vote."  The event took place at Cliveden of the National Trust in Germantown.

Free Speech Storyline
American INSIGHT's Free Speech Storyline was initially based on research completed by our Interns on Philadelphia artist Violet Oakley, who was commissioned to complete thirteen life size murals in the Governor’s Reception Room at the Pennsylvania State Capitol building in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania in 1906. Featured in the story are William Tyndale printing the Bible in English, Poet Anne Askew, the English Civil War, Quaker leader George Fox, and six murals depicting the visionary life of William Penn. American INSIGHT Interns continue to carry the Storyline both backward through history and forward to the next Free Speech Award-winning film.

Andrew Hamilton, Esq.: The Philadelphia Lawyer
A website-in-progress dedicated to continuing research on Colonial lawyer and public figure, Andrew Hamilton, Esq. Hamilton is best remembered for his pro bono defense of John Peter Zenger in 1735, in which he successfully defended the press’ right to free speech, forty years before the American Revolution.

Benjamin Chew, Esq.: The Politics of Peace
A website-in-progress dedicated to promoting ongoing historical research, manuscripts, articles, lectures and films about the life and career of a critically important, but overlooked, American hero, Benjamin Chew, Esq. A lifelong pacifist, negotiator and consummate lawyer, Chew helped forge the legal pathways that led to the creation of the United States Constitution.

Arthur B. Carles: Philadelphia Artist
Completed in 2005, American INSIGHT's first historical documentary Arthur B. Carles: Philadelphia Artist, examines the life and work of seminal Philadelphia artist, Arthur B. Carles, and was produced in cooperation with seventeen scholars over forty cultural institutions in the Greater Philadelphia area. Archival photographs, film clips and footage of locations important to Carles’ life provide a backdrop for readings from Carles' letters. Poetry readings occur throughout the film by Carles’ contemporaries Wallace Stevens, Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, and William Carlos Williams. Philadelphia composer Eric Sessler provided the documentary’s original score. The film was screened at over twenty venues throughout the region, including the Barnes Foundation and the Michener Art Museum.

Robert Indiana: Full Circle
American INSIGHT’s documentary-in-progress, Robert Indiana: Full Circle, examines the ingenuity of American Pop artist Robert Indiana, who considered Philadelphia his spiritual home. Inventing, but never copyrighting, the famous LOVE sculpture, Indiana continues to use words and typographic forms to define his distinctive approach to both language and art. American INSIGHT crews have captured hours of footage containing both conversations with him and his public appearances since 1990.

Notes

Further reading
A Sacred Challenge:Violet Oakley and the Pennsylvania Capitol Murals. United States of America: The Pennsylvania Capitol Preservation Committee, 2002.
Ryan, S. E. (2000). Robert Indiana: Figures of speech. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Konkle, B. A. (1932). Benjamin Chew 1722–1810: Head of the Pennsylvania judiciary system under colony and commonwealth. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.

External links
American INSIGHT Homepage
Andrew Hamilton Esq. A site dedicated to emerging research on Andrew Hamilton, Esq.
Benjamin Chew, Esq. A site dedicated to emerging research on Benjamin Chew, Esq.
Free Speech Film Festival

Category:Non-profit organizations based in Pennsylvania
Category:Companies based in Philadelphia
Category:History of Philadelphia
Category:Organizations based in Philadelphia
Category:Culture of Philadelphia
Category:Media in Philadelphia
Category:1983 establishments in Pennsylvania


1954 Meath Senior Football Championship

The 1954 Meath Senior Football Championship is the 62nd edition of the Meath GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior graded teams in County Meath, Ireland. The tournament consists of 13 teams. The championship employs a group stage followed by a final between the group winners.

This season saw St. Vincent's debut in the top flight after claiming the 1953 Meath Intermediate Football Championship title. Summerhill also made their return to the grade after claiming the 1953 J.F.C. title.

Navan O'Mahonys were the defending champions after they defeated Trim in the previous years final to claim the first Keegan Cup, however they lost their crown by failing to progress past the group stages.

Skryne claimed their 7th S.F.C. title (and first Keegan Cup) by defeating Kells Harps in the final at Pairc Tailteann by 1-5 to 0-4 on 17 October 1954. Tom O'Brien raised the Keegan Cup for the Tara men.

At the end of the season Dunshaughlin, Oldcastle and St. Patrick's were regraded to the 1955 I.F.C.

Team Changes

The following teams have changed division since the 1953 championship season.

To S.F.C.
Promoted from 1953 I.F.C.
 St. Vincent's - (Intermediate Champions).

Promoted from 1953 J.F.C.
 Summerhill - (Junior Champions).

From S.F.C.
Regraded to 1954 I.F.C.
 Slane

Group A

Round 1:
 St. Vincent's -vs- St. Patrick's, Duleek, 28/2/1954,
 Summerhill -vs- Dunshaughlin, Flathouse, 28/2/1954,
 Skryne 1-6, 1-2 Donaghmore, Ratoath, 14/3/1954,
 St. Peter's Dunboyne - Bye,

Round 2:
 St. Peter's Dunboyne -vs- Dunshaughlin, skryne, 14/3/1954,
 St. Vincent's -vs- Donaghmore, Skryne, 11/4/1954,
 Skryne w, l St. Patrick's, Ardcath, 23/5/1954,
 Summerhill - Bye,

Round 3:
 Summerhill -vs- St. Peter's Dunboyne, Dunshaughlin, 25/4/1954,
 Skryne 0-6, 0-0 St. Vincent's, Kilmoon, 6/6/1954,
 Donaghmore 2-6, 2-6 St. Patrick's, Duleek, 20/6/1954,
 Dunshaughlin - Bye,

Round 4:
 St. Peter's Dunboyne -vs- St. Patrick's, Ratoath, 4/7/1954,
 St. Vincent's -vs- Dunshaughlin, Ashbourne, 18/7/1954,
 Skryne -vs- Summerhill, Trim, 18/7/1954,
 Donaghmore - Bye,

Round 5:
 Donaghmore -vs- Dunshaughlin,
 St. Peter's Dunboyne -vs- St. Vincent's,
 Summerhill -vs- St. Patrick's,
 Skryne - Bye,

Round 6:
 Skryne +3, -3 Dunshaughlin, Warrenstown, 15/8/1954,
 St. Peter's Dunboyne -vs- Donaghmore,
 Summerhill -vs- St. Vincent's,
 St. Patrick's - Bye,

Round 7:
 St. Peter's Dunboyne w, l Skryne, Trim, 29/8/1954,
 Dunshaughlin -vs- St. Patrick's,
 Summerhill -vs- Donaghmore,
 St. Vincent's - Bye,

Group B

Round 1:
 Kells Harps 1-6, 0-2 Trim, Pairc Tailteann, 28/2/1954,
 Navan O'Mahonys 3-6, 2-1 Ballivor, Trim, 14/3/1954,
 Syddan 2-8, 0-1 Oldcastle, Kells, 14/3/1954,

Round 2:
 Ballivor w, l Oldcastle, Kilskyre, 25/4/1954,
 Syddan 2-4, 1-5 Trim, Pairc Tailteann, 6/6/1954,
 Kells Harps 3-3, 1-8 Navan O'Mahonys, Pairc Tailteann, 16/5/1954,

Round 3:
 Navan O'Mahonys 2-8, 1-1 Oldcastle, Kells, 6/6/1954,
 Kells Harps 0-6, 1-2 Syddan, Pairc Tailteann, 20/6/1954,
 Ballivor 1-4, 0-2 Trim, Pairc Tailteann, 18/7/1954,

Round 4:
 Kells Harps 3-9, 1-1 Ballivor, Pairc Tailteann, 8/8/1954,
 Syddan w/o, scr Navan O'Mahonys, Kells, 22/8/1954,
 Trim -vs- Oldcastle,

Round 5:
 Kells Harps w/o, scr Oldcastle, Pairc Tailteann, 22/8/1954,
 Trim -vs- Navan O'Mahonys,
 Syddan -vs- Ballivor,

Final

 Skryne 1-5, 0-4 Kells Harps, Pairc Tailteann, 17/10/1954,

References

External links

Meath Senior Football Championship
Category:Meath Senior Football Championship


Voix de fait

Voix de fait is Manu Militari's debut album released on February 28, 2006. The album was a nominee for the Author or compositor of the year and Hip hop album of the year categories at the Félix Awards in 2006.

Track listing
"Voix de fait"
"Quatre saisons"
"Le meilleur des mondes"
"L'empreinte" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9P7LFWEAqY
"Ganstérisme" (featuring 4Say & Ott)
"L'an 40"
"Mon inspiration"
"La piaule"
"Au parloir"
"La traversée du lac Nasser"
"Marche funèbre"
"Conclusion" (featuring Rime Organisé)
"Bonus Track"

References

Category:Manu Militari albums
Category:2006 albums


List of ship commissionings in 1900

The list of ship commissionings in 1900 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1900.

__NOTOC__

See also

1900


Willow Glen High School

Willow Glen High School is a public high school in the Willow Glen neighborhood of San Jose, California, within the San Jose Unified School District.

Athletics
Willow Glen High School offers many extra curricular activities including football, baseball, golf, tennis, soccer, basketball, losing, volleyball, badminton, lacrosse, field hockey, water polo, track and field, ice hockey (club) and cross country. Willow Glen High School has a swimming pool, a basketball court/gym and weight training room, a mini-gym that serves as a wrestling area, a baseball field, a softball field, a multi-purpose track and turf area, a sand volleyball court, and tennis courts.

Willow Glen High School Boys' Volleyball won a CCS Championship in 2009, one of the first public schools to do so in that CCS division. Also, in 2010, Willow Glen High School Football won a CCS Championship against Sequoia High School.  From 1972-1980, the boys' basketball team was coached by the notable collegiate coach Bob Burton. Lastly, Willow Glen's Baseball team won a CCS championship in 2013. The 2010 Willow Glen boys' cross country won the CCS championship for the first time in twenty six years. In 2014 the boys' cross country placed 3rd at CCS qualifying for the 2014 CIF State championships and placed tenth. The first state team in four years at Willow Glen. Fenn Hoppe(SR), Hassen Hassen(SR), Troy Dao(JR), Sammy Eurle(JR), Zach Walker(FR), Giovanni Del canto(JR), Manuel Leon(SR), Nicholas Dinsdale(FR)

Performing Arts
Willow Glen High School offers music and drama courses, from beginning to advanced. These include two choirs, two bands, and two drama classes. Both branches of the performing arts boast award-winning co-curricular activities: marching band/color guard, musicals, and plays. Three students have been nominated for the California High School Musical Theatre Honors (Rita Moreno Awards): Tyler Harding (winner, Best Supporting Actor for "Disaster!"-2017), Danny Castillo (nominee, Best Lead Actress for "Disaster!"-2017), and Sophia Valpreda (nominee, Best Supporting Actress for "Jesus Christ Superstar")-2019.

Notable Alumni
Bob Berry, NFL quarterback for 12 seasons, class of 1960
Anthony Canzano, Professional baseball player, class of 1965
Jeffrey Foskett, guitarist and singer for The Beach Boys
Holly Hallstrom, model on The Price Is Right
Eric Kretz, drummer for the Stone Temple Pilots
Julio Morales, professional soccer player
Sal Maccarone, Sculptor/Author

References

External links
Official website
Willow Glen Football
Willow Glen Robotics Team
Willow Glen High School Drama

Category:San Jose Unified School District
Category:High schools in San Jose, California
Category:Public high schools in California
Category:Educational institutions established in 1950
Category:1950 establishments in California


Central Queensland Territorial Separation League

The Central Queensland Territorial Separation League was formed in Rockhampton in 1889 with the aim of agitating for separation of the Central Queensland region from the (then) colony of Queensland.

The Separatists’ main complaints were the perceived under-representation of the Central region in the colonial Parliament, located in Brisbane, some  to the south of Rockhampton, and the use of Central Queensland taxes and finances to fund the Queensland Government.

Agitation for the division of Queensland into two or three smaller colonies had been a political question in the colony ever since Queensland separated from New South Wales in 1859.  Earlier, unsuccessful,  political movements for Central Queensland secession from Queensland had been launched in the 1860s and 1870s.

George Curtis (1845–1922), a prominent Rockhampton auctioneer and landholder, became the first president of the CQTSL and was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland (the lower house of the Queensland Parliament) in 1893 where he used his position to agitate for the aims of the CQTSL in Parliament.

Archibald Archer and  John Ferguson visited England as a deputation on behalf of the Central Queensland Territorial Separation League in 1892. They met with Lord Knutsford, who preferred that to Sir Samuel Griffith's provincial district resolutions were carried in the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

The CQTSL’s campaign was ultimately unsuccessful. When the Australian colonies federated in 1901, the new nation’s Constitution placed the power to further divide colonies (or States as they now became) in the hands of the parent colony or state, with no avenue for referral to the British Government.

Further movements for the establishment of a new state in Central Queensland, with Rockhampton as the capital, occurred in the 1950s.

See also
Proposals for new Australian States
State of North Queensland
Central Queensland
Regions of Queensland

References

Category:History of Queensland
Category:Rockhampton
Category:Proposed states and territories of Australia


Molecular Imaging and Biology

Molecular Imaging and Biology is published by Springer Science+Business Media as the official journal of the World Molecular Imaging Society (WMIS) in collaboration with the European Society of Molecular Imaging (ESMI). It publishes original research contributions on the utilization of molecular imaging in problems of relevance to biology and medicine.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 3.341.

References

Category:Radiology and medical imaging journals
Category:Bimonthly journals
Category:Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Category:Publications established in 1999
Category:English-language journals


Wolf Cub Village

Wolf Cub Village (Chinese Diary of a Madman) is a 1994 Chinese-language chamber opera in four scenes by Guo Wenjing to a libretto by Zeng Li after Lu Xun's story Diary of a Madman.

References

Category:Chinese contemporary classical operas
Category:Operas
Category:1994 operas


La Toya Jackson

La Toya Yvonne Jackson (born May 29, 1956) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, businesswoman and television personality. The fifth and middle child of the Jackson family, Jackson first gained recognition on the family's variety television series, The Jacksons, on CBS between 1976 and 1977. Thereafter, she saw success as a solo recording artist under multiple record labels in the 1980s and 1990s, including Polydor, Sony Music and RCA, where she released nine studio albums over the course of fifteen years.  Her most successful releases in the United States were her self-titled debut album (1980) and the 1984 single "Heart Don't Lie". Jackson's other songs include "If You Feel the Funk", "Bet'cha Gonna Need My Lovin'", "Hot Potato", "You're Gonna Get Rocked!" and "Sexbox". Another one of Jackson's songs, "Just Say No" from her fifth album was composed for US first lady Nancy Reagan and Reagan administration's   anti-drug campaign.

Jackson posed for Playboy magazine in 1989 and again in 1991 to promote her New York Times Best Seller La Toya: Growing Up in the Jackson Family. In 1992, Jackson signed a contract with the Moulin Rouge to star in the successful Paris revue, Formidable.
Despite subsequent musical success, Jackson's recording career began its decline in the 1990s as a result of her controversial marriage to entertainment manager Jack Gordon, whom she divorced in 1997. After a period of public seclusion, she returned to the music industry in 2004 with the singles "Just Wanna Dance", "Home" and "Free the World", which saw success on the Hot Dance Club Play chart in the United States. In 2011, she was a contestant on the fourth installment of The Celebrity Apprentice and released an extended play, Starting Over, which is her most recent release to date. From 2013 to 2014, Jackson appeared in her own reality television series on the Oprah Winfrey Network, Life with La Toya, which aired for two seasons.

Life and career

1956–1979: Early life and The Jacksons
Born on her sister Rebbie's 6th birthday on May 29, 1956 in Gary, Indiana, La Toya Jackson is the fifth of ten children born to Joe and Katherine Jackson and the middle female child between Rebbie and Janet. Growing up, La Toya tended to be shy. After her mother became a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses in 1965, La Toya, along with the rest of her siblings followed. She would spend some of her time alongside her mother preaching door-to-door. "Every morning, Michael and I witnessed, knocking on doors around Los Angeles, spreading the word of Jehovah." By 1972, at sixteen, La Toya joined her brothers in the spotlight with a tap dancing routine when her father arranged for them to perform shows in Las Vegas, among other cities. La Toya attended the Cal-Prep school in Encino, Los Angeles, CA and graduated in 1974. Jackson aspired to be an attorney specializing in business law. She attended college for a short time before her father insisted that she pursue a career in show business like the rest of the family.

In 1976 and 1977, La Toya and her sisters Rebbie and Janet appeared in all twelve episodes of The Jacksons—a CBS-TV variety program, with their brothers Jackie, Tito, Marlon, Michael, and Randy. Along with their brothers (minus Jermaine, who stayed at Motown and left the family group when his brothers moved to Epic Records), La Toya and her sisters sang, danced, and performed skits. In 1978 during the filming of The Wiz, La Toya traveled with her brother Michael (who was cast as the Scarecrow), to New York. Sharing an apartment, it was the first time either of them had lived elsewhere as adults. Close siblings, Michael and La Toya, would not move out of the family's Encino, Los Angeles, California home until they were 30 and 31 respectively. Her dates during this period included Diana Ross' brother Chico and a young David Gest. Jackson also dated Bobby DeBarge and was the inspiration for Switch's 1979 hit "I Call Your Name".

Under Joe Jackson's tutelage Rebbie, La Toya and Janet formed a short-lived musical group. However, they never performed live and soon separated because of creative differences about the act's future direction. Consequently, no related material was ever released by the trio. The next year, La Toya began work on her first solo album.

1980–1983: Beginning of solo career
In 1980, Jackson released her self-titled debut album. In order to distinguish herself from her famous brothers, The Jacksons, La Toya only wanted her first name on the album. "I begged just to have it 'La Toya'. But my father said, 'It's your last name. You got to use it.' But I wanted to see what I could do as an individual." The first single "If You Feel the Funk", became a modest hit, climbing into the Top 40 of the US R&B chart. Her second single, "Night Time Lover", was produced by younger brother Michael, who provided backing vocals and co-wrote the song with La Toya. In turn, she provided the opening scream on her brothers', The Jacksons, 1980 hit, "This Place Hotel" as well as backing vocals on brother Michael's 1983 solo hit "P.Y.T. (Pretty Young Thing)".

The La Toya Jackson album peaked at #116 on the US Billboard 200, #26 on the Billboard R&B album chart, and #178 on the UK Top 200, making it her highest placing album.

In 1981, Jackson released a follow-up album, My Special Love, which generated two singles, "Stay the Night" and "I Don't Want You to Go".

1984–1987: Heart Don't Lie and international success
1984 saw the release of Jackson's critically acclaimed album Heart Don't Lie. Jackson scored her biggest Billboard Hot 100 hit with the title track, which peaked at number 56. Other singles from this album were "Bet'cha Gonna Need My Lovin'", "Hot Potato", and a cover of Prince's "Private Joy." Jackson and Amir Bayyan co-wrote "Reggae Nights" for Heart Don't Lie but the track did not make the cut. Jimmy Cliff's recording of the song was a hit and was nominated for a Grammy. Cliff commissioned Jackson to write two more songs: "Brown Eyes" and "American Sweet."

In 1984, Jackson capitalized on her rising popularity by licensing her name to a fashion line; "David Laurenz for La Toya." According to her three-year contract with the suede and leather-maker Jackson agreed to only wear David Laurenz items during her public appearances. Apparel in the collection included Jackson's signature leather headbands. Jackson starred in television and print advertisements for Nikon cameras and the following year she became the spokesmodel for cosmetics firm Mahogany Image and launched her own eponymous fragrance, La Toya.

In 1985, Jackson participated on the single "We Are the World", an appeal for famine relief in Ethiopia. That same year Jackson featured in anti-drug music video "Stop the Madness".

Her 1985 single "Baby Sister" was a notable success, as it received one of five Outstanding Song Awards at the sixteenth annual World Popular Song Festival in Japan. "Baby Sister" was included on the 1986 album Imagination, released just before Jackson's record label, Private-I, went bankrupt resulting in poor promotion. Jackson went on to record two duets; "Oops, Oh No!" with Cerrone, and "Yes, I'm Ready" with artist Jed. In 1987 Jackson was featured as a special guest at Minako Honda's DISPA (Disco Party) concert, joining in for the song, "Funkytown".

1988–1989: Departure from the Jackson family and Playboy
In 1987, Jack Gordon was hired to co-manage La Toya by her father, Joseph. He later took over her management completely. Under Gordon's management, Jackson's public image became increasingly sexier. Katherine Jackson recalled her shock seeing La Toya dance in a suggestive manner in 1988 for the first time in her autobiography My Family, The Jacksons: "she'd been so conservative that she'd once dropped a friend who had begun wearing low-cut tops and skirts with slits in them." Katherine believed that Gordon was distancing La Toya from her family so he could "become the dominating influence in her life." Around this time Jackson was disfellowshipped by the Jehovah's Witnesses. Defying her father, Jackson made a stormy exit from the family's Encino compound to take up residence in New York City. In late 1988, Jackson released the album La Toya, which featured the singles "You're Gonna Get Rocked!" and "(Ain't Nobody Loves You) Like I Do". The album also included a track titled "Just Say No", which was written for the Reagan administration's anti-drug campaign. The album included four tracks produced by Full Force, and three by Stock Aitken Waterman. The album was the first one Jackson released after changing her management.

In March 1989, Jackson posed topless for Playboy magazine. Jackson saw the pictorial as a declaration of independence from her conservative upbringing and "to show my parents they couldn't dictate to me any more—that I control my life." She posed again in Playboy in November 1991 to promote her autobiography and subsequently acted in a 1994 video for the magazine, becoming one of the first celebrities to have a Playboy video released. She later said that she initially refused to pose for the second spread and for the video, however, Gordon beat her into submission.

In 1989, Jackson began recording her sixth album Bad Girl. That year Jackson staged a live pay-per-view concert, A Sizzling Spectacular!, from Bally's theatre in Reno. Jackson's set list included songs from La Toya and Bad Girl. The show featured special guest star Edgar Winter.

1989–1996: Public notoriety, abuse, and exile from the Jackson family
On September 5, 1989, after her Sizzling Spectacular concert in Nevada, Gordon and Jackson were married. Jackson later claimed she had been forcibly married, with Gordon claiming it was for her own protection against kidnapping by her family. La Toya Jackson states that this was both unplanned and against her wishes. According to Jackson, "I told him, 'No way, Jack! I can't marry you. You know what marriage means to me. I've never been in love; I don't even date... It's not right. I don't love you. I don't have feelings for you.'" Jackson told Ebony magazine the marriage was "strictly in name only. It has never been consummated." Six months into the marriage, Jackson asked Gordon for an annulment when in Rome, Italy. In response, Gordon repeatedly bashed her head against the corner of the hotel room table saying that he would never let her go. Paparazzi subsequently photographed Jackson with black eyes, which Gordon claimed were caused by an intruder. From this point forward, Jackson lost all contact with her family and wrote an autobiography, La Toya: Growing Up in the Jackson Family, which accused her father of physical abuse.
For roughly the next decade Gordon controlled Jackson with threats, lies, and routine domestic violence. According to Jackson, "When he hit me, the first time I was in shock, I just recalled my ear ringing, just ringing so hard." Gordon confiscated Jackson's passport, transferred her bank accounts into his name, hired bodyguards to watch La Toya constantly and banned her from speaking to or seeing her family, monitoring her every phone call. La Toya's father Joseph stated in his book The Jacksons that he believed Gordon brainwashed La Toya and made her fearful of her own family. Katherine also believed that La Toya had been brainwashed while Gordon claimed that Katherine had tried to kill her daughter. Sister Janet concurred with her parents saying at the time, "I think this guy who is with her has brainwashed her and made her like this... He keeps her away from the family, and now he's brainwashed her so much she keeps herself away from us."

In 1990, Jackson participated in the Sanremo Music Festival, entering "You and Me" an English-language version of "Verso l'ignoto" by siblings Marcella and Gianni Bella. While "You and Me" did not win Best Song, it entered Italy's hit parade, peaking at number twenty-eight. That year Jackson signed on with German-based BCM Records and released the single "Why Don't You Want My Love?" Jackson recorded other material with BCM, but the label went bankrupt and album plans were scrapped. Jackson signed with Dino Records quickly thereafter. 1991 saw the release of No Relations, an album with strong house and funk influences. This album featured Jackson's top twenty-five Netherlands hit "Sexbox".

In 1992, Jackson signed a contract with the Moulin Rouge in Paris to star in her own revue, Formidable. Jackson was to perform two shows a night, six nights a week. Jackson was the highest-paid performer in the cabaret's history, earning a reported $5 million. Though Formidable was successful, selling out on most nights, Jackson departed half-way into her year-long contract owing the nightclub $550,000 in damages.

In October 1992, while taping an Exotic Club Tour in Minneapolis Jackson approached sister Janet Jackson, also in town recording her fifth studio album with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, to ask for help in escaping Gordon. Janet struck La Toya, accusing her elder sister of recording their conversation.

In 1993 in their New York home, Gordon beat Jackson repeatedly with a heavy brass dining room chair, leaving Jackson with black eyes, swollen lip and chin "the size of a clenched fist", cuts requiring 12 mouth stitches and contusions on her face, arms, legs and back. Jackson lost consciousness during the beating, leading Gordon to believe she was dead. She recalled, "He called his friends and said, 'She's dead. I killed her,' because I was lying in a puddle of blood and I was out." Gordon was arrested but then released, claiming he beat Jackson in self-defense.
In December 1993, Gordon hastily arranged a press conference in Tel Aviv, where he had Jackson read a statement claiming to believe the sex abuse allegation against her younger brother Michael might be true. This was an abrupt reversal of her previous defense of Michael against the charges. Gordon claimed La Toya had proof which she was prepared to disclose for a fee of $500,000. A bidding war between US and UK tabloids began, but fell through when they realized that her revelations were not what she had claimed them to be.  According to La Toya, Gordon threatened to have siblings Michael and Janet killed if she didn't follow his orders. In 1993, Jackson claims her father Joe Jackson sexually abused her as a child.

Under Gordon's management, Jackson's career declined with his booking of disreputable jobs such as spokesperson for the Psychic Friends Network. Because of Gordon's steady stream of publicity stunts and her media portrayal as the Jackson family "black sheep" La Toya had become a hate figure of sorts. By the mid-1990s Jackson's finances were in disarray and she was forced to file for bankruptcy in order to stave off claims of $550,000 in damages to the Moulin Rouge for ending her contract early. In 1993 Jackson held a concert at Poland's Sopot International Song Festival and released a step aerobics exercise video, Step-Up Workout. In 1994, Jackson again worked for Playboy Entertainment, becoming one of the very first celebrities to have a Celebrity Centerfold video. Playboy Celebrity Centerfold: La Toya Jackson was released in the first quarter of 1994 and sold roughly 50,000 copies. Jackson later released two albums, one of country music, From Nashville to You, and another of Motown hits, Stop in the Name of Love, in the mid-1990s.

1996–2002: Escape and seclusion

When Jackson became aware that Gordon was planning to feature her in a pornographic film she decided she'd had enough. Jackson phoned brother Randy who flew to New York to help her escape while Gordon was out. Only days later, La Toya filed for divorce in Las Vegas and sued Gordon in civil court for years of abuse under the Violence Against Women Act. She changed her name from La Toya Jackson-Gordon to La Toya Jackson, thus dropping use of her former middle name Yvonne.

La Toya Jackson ended her estrangement with the entire Jackson family and returned home to Hayvenhurst. Jackson forgave her parents for her stifled upbringing reasoning, "I've come to realize that as we get older, we grow and learn a lot more. And I think that my father and my mother, they raised children the best way they know how." According to La Toya, Michael knew that she was forced to attack him in the press against her will and he did not blame her.

Jackson's last single of the 1990s was "Don't Break My Heart."

After separating from Gordon, Jackson cloistered herself in her home and lived alone for the first time—the first six months she stated she never actually left her house due to being terrified of Gordon seeing her. Weary after her years of public scorn, she didn't know what to do with her life and was afraid to perform again. Jackson struggled to rebuild her confidence but was plagued with self-doubt, explaining, "I got to the point, [...] where—well, you know in the media they say things like, 'Oh, she can't sing. She has no talent. She can't dance.' I started believing that, and I was thinking, 'Oh my God'. And I started thinking, 'Oh gee, how could this happen to me?' How could I start believing this?". After this time she started to perform in Europe and South America occasionally to start making money to pay off the huge debts which Gordon had accumulated in her name while they were married. In the wake of the September 11 attacks Jackson was moved to compose "Free the World". She performed the song for friends to a positive reception. This spurred on Jackson to write more songs, ending up with a full album, Startin' Over.

2003–2006: Re-emergence and return to music
Jackson publicly re-emerged on Larry King Live on March 9, 2003. Her appearance caused CNN's phone lines to stay busy for hours and was King's highest-rated show in three years. Jackson announced her first musical project in six years, Startin' Over. Startin' Over's lead single was 2004's "Just Wanna Dance", released independently under her pseudonymous nickname "Toy" in order to avoid any prejudices DJs might hold against La Toya Jackson's name. The plan worked, with "Just Wanna Dance" reaching #13 on the US Billboard Hot Dance chart. "Free the World" was released later that year to similar success. Jackson's label, Ja-Tail Records secured a deal with Universal Music Group to distribute the album, which was delayed several times due to extenuating circumstances. The 2003 promotional copy of Startin' Over leaked online in 2006, however Jackson's management revealed that the entire album was being re-recorded with an all-new track list and updated sound. That year Jackson became the spokeswoman for Australian malt beverage Star Ice's US launch.

After Jack Gordon's death in 2005, Jackson was free to speak more openly about the control he exerted over her life. She sent a security expert to eyewitness that Gordon had not faked his death a second time. In 2005 she appeared on ABC News to recant her previous allegations and defend brother Michael against new charges of child abuse. VH1 described Jackson as a role model having weathered various successes and setbacks.

2007–2009: Reality television

On January 10, 2007, the reality TV show Armed & Famous premiered on CBS starring Jackson and other celebrities. The program documented Jackson's basic training and service as a reserve police officer with the Muncie Police Department. Jackson maintains her badge by continuing to volunteer as a deputy. The show was eventually removed from the CBS lineup, due to its inability to compete with American Idol. VH1 subsequently aired the remaining episodes. On the show, Jackson demonstrated her phobia of cats, after she began hysterically screaming and locked herself in a squad car. This fear, she revealed, was caused by a childhood memory in which a relative was attacked by a cat. She underwent on-screen therapy to try to relieve her of this phobia. A single called "Armed and Famous" was planned but the title was changed to "I Don't Play That" shortly before it was sent to radio stations, where it failed to take off, on January 29, 2007, due to CBS' cancellation of the show.

In January 2009, Jackson was paid £103,000 to appear as a contestant on the sixth series of the British television program Celebrity Big Brother. She was the second member of the Jackson family to be on the show, the first being her brother Jermaine in 2007. She was the fourth person evicted from the house.

The final version of Startin' Over was completed in late 2008, just before Jackson joined the cast of Celebrity Big Brother. A new lead single, "Love, Honor, and Obey", planned for a summer 2009 release, was put on hold because of the death of La Toya's younger brother Michael. Instead, "Home" was released on July 28, 2009 in Michael's memory with all proceeds going to AIDS Project Los Angeles, one of his favorite charities. La Toya Jackson was one of the first siblings present at Reagan-UCLA Medical Center on June 25, 2009, after brother Michael Jackson was pronounced dead after suffering cardiac arrest. She was named as the informant on her brother's death certificate. Jackson requested a second autopsy to be carried out after noting suspicious medical paraphernalia in Michael's rented house, evasive behavior by his doctors, and discovering that $2 million in cash and jewels had gone missing. The Los Angeles County Coroner ruled Jackson's death a homicide weeks later.

2010–present: Reality television and Starting Over

In 2010, Jackson launched Dream Cream, a hand cream for German cosmetics firm Alessandro International, and named Teddy Riley head of Ja-Tail Records' music division. Jackson took part in NBC's Celebrity Apprentice, which aired from March through May 2011 and raised $65,000 for her chosen charity, AIDS Project Los Angeles. La Toya was "fired" from Celebrity Apprentice in episode 8 during season 11, which aired on April 24, 2011 on NBC. In an Apprentice first, Jackson was rehired in the following episode, as she felt she couldn't defend her case. La Toya was fired for the second time on May 8, 2011 and became the first person to be fired from The Apprentice twice within the same season. She was also the first guest judge to appear in two episodes of season three of RuPaul's Drag Race. She also served as guest judge on the 17th season of America's Next Top Model. Jackson's second memoir, Starting Over, was released in the United States on June 21, 2011 through Gallery Books, an imprint of Simon & Schuster. An EP, also called Starting Over, was released the same day via digital outlets.

In 2013, Jackson started her own reality series called Life With La Toya which is premiered on Oprah Winfrey's OWN. Also in 2013, Jackson rejoined the newest cast for The All-Star Celebrity Apprentice. Jackson lasted until the 3rd episode of the season, when she was fired on an episode titled "I'm Being Punked By A Jackson". Jackson volunteered to be the project manager on a task that saw the cast creating a Soap Opera themed commercial for Crystal Light. Jackson's team lost the task and she subsequently was fired by Donald Trump. Unlike her first appearance on the show, Trump specifically stated that he would not allow Jackson to return to the show after being fired. In September 2013, Jackson made her stage debut in a week-long engagement in the off-Broadway musical, Newsical.

It was falsely reported that on December 6, 2013 Jackson married her business partner Jeffre Phillips in Los Angeles.  On December 16 TMZ reported that La Toya and Jeffre stated that they have not married and this was reaffirmed on Oprah: Where Are They Now?. Jeffre had publicly asked her to marry him in an episode of her reality series that recently aired. His decision to propose to La Toya was prompted by their friend Brenda Harvey Richie (ex-wife of Lionel Richie) who noted that they had been best friends for 15 years as he became La Toya's business partner after Jack Gordon. He did so with the permission of La Toya's father, Joe Jackson. Recently it has been reported that La Toya and Jeffre' Phillips have canceled their engagement, but remain close.

Currently, she and Jeffre are also the executive producers of a documentary called "Dancing in Jaffa" which follows 150 young Jewish and Palestinian Israelis as they dance together in unity by putting their cultural differences aside.

In 2016, she collaborated with Iranian-American pop star Andy on the single "Tehran" where she sings in Persian.

On May 24, 2018 she visited El hormiguero to sponsor the musical Forever. The best show about The King of Pop.

In 2018, Jackson participated in a celebrity edition of Food Network's Worst Cooks in America.  Coached by Tyler Florence, she advanced to the final and beat out Ian Ziering to win the season; $25,000 was awarded to Race to Erase MS in Jackson's name.

In February 2019, Jackson was revealed to be the Alien on the FOX reality series The Masked Singer.

Vocal style and influences
La Toya Jackson has a three-octave vocal range which soars to a high D#6 in her single, "Bet'cha Gonna Need My Lovin'." The Evening Independent says that she has an "attractive, pleasant voice that is matured and controlled." Andrew Hamilton of AllMusic describes her voice as a light, wispy "sexy whisper". Like her siblings, Michael and Janet, she is mainly a pop, R&B, and dance music performer but she has also dabbled in rock as heard in her song, "No More Drama" and reggae in her signature song "Heart Don't Lie", as well as country music.

Like many other Jacksons, most notably Michael, she cites James Brown as a "major influence". When Jackson headlined the Moulin Rouge she paid homage to La Goulue and cited Josephine Baker as an influence. L'Express hailed Jackson as "the new Josephine Baker." According to academic Bennetta Jules-Rosette, "Through careful planning, she was able to model a successful part of her career abroad on the master tropes of a Baker-like image. Jackson exemplifies Baudrillard's notion that neither the message nor the content count as much as the referentiality of the signifier in postmodern performative discourse."

Discography

Studio albums

 La Toya Jackson (1980)
 My Special Love (1981)
 Heart Don't Lie (1984)
 Imagination (1986)
 La Toya (1988)
 Bad Girl (1990)
 No Relations (1991)
 From Nashville to You (1994)
 Stop in the Name of Love (1995)

EP albums

 Starting Over (2011)

Filmography

Residency
 Formidable (1992)

Awards and other achievements
 Jackson co-wrote "Reggae Nights" for reggae artist Jimmy Cliff, which received a Grammy nomination for Best Reggae Recording. She later recorded the song for her album No Relations. She also wrote "Brown Eyes" for Cliff.
 Jackson was honored as a writer, arranger, and producer of Cliff Hanger, which won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album in 1986.
 She won one of five Outstanding Song Awards at the 1985 World Popular Song Festival in Tokyo, Japan, for her song "Baby Sister"
 Jackson received a US Congressional Tribute for her participation in a "Beat It" rally and Stay In School Campaign
 Jackson's footprints were immortalized on Rotterdam's Star Boulevard Walk of Fame on 19 December 1991, originally located in Scheveningen.
 She has a namesake dessert at Millions of Milkshakes in West Hollywood. The "La Toya Jackson Shake" consists of strawberries, raspberries, caramel, topped with whipped cream and a Cadbury flake.

References

External links

 Official Facebook Page

Category:1956 births
Category:Living people
Category:African-American female singers
Category:American women activists
Category:American disco musicians
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Category:20th-century American singers
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Category:Singers with a three-octave vocal range
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La Toya Jackson

Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States
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Category:Musicians from Gary, Indiana
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Category:20th-century American women singers
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Category:The Masked Singer (American TV series) contestants


Pekhorka River

Pekhorka River () is a river in the Moscow Region in Russia, a left tributary of the Moskva River. Total length - 42 km, water catchment area - 513 km².

Flows from the north point in 1,5 km from Lukino village to the south, where it passes Moscow through Izmailovo, Kuskovo and Kosino (that part of the river in Moscow is about 10 km). Three ponds - one on the north of Lukino, one near Pekhra-Pokrovskoye village and one in Balashiha-2 microdistrict.

Balashikha and Zheleznodorozhniy cities are located on the river as well as Tomilino and Kraskovo settlements.

Name etymology probably comes from the Old Slavonic «Ṕh» (Cyrillic: «пьх») with the «ur» (Cyrillic: «ъръ») suffix which means «to push».

River was included into the 1971 Moscow General Development Plant which constitutes special emphasis on the construction of Eastern Navigable Channel. This channel was intended to decongest the navigation through Moscow via Moscow River. Pekhorka would become a part of Lyubertsy Reservoir, the largest water basin in Moscow Region. Channel was never built.

Category:Rivers of Moscow Oblast


Hande Dalkılıç

Hande Dalkılıç (born in 1974, Ankara, Turkey) is a Turkish concert pianist.

Biography
She started her piano lessons with Prof. Güherdal Karamanoğlu Çakırsoy. She enrolled in the Bilkent University Faculty of Music and Performing Arts in 1989 and studied under Prof. Ersin Onay. She graduated from the Music Department in 1996 with first rank in the Faculty of Music and Performing Arts. She completed her master's degree in 1999 and Proficiency in Art degree in 2003. She has gained acclaim for her research nourished by her high artistic sensitivity starting from the earliest stages of her professional work. Her sister is Yasemin Dalkılıç, who is a world record-setting free-diver.

External links
Hande Dalkılıç official website

Category:Turkish pianists
Category:Turkish women pianists
Category:Living people
Category:Musicians from Ankara
Category:1974 births
Category:Bilkent University alumni
Category:21st-century women musicians
Category:21st-century pianists


Iron Cove

Iron Cove is a bay on the Parramatta River, in the inner-west of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is approximately  due west of Sydney's central business district. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Birchgrove, Balmain, Rozelle, Lilyfield, Haberfield, Five Dock, Rodd Point, Russell Lea and Drummoyne. The bay extends from Longnose Point to the south-west and is fed by the Hawthorne Canal and the Iron Cove Creek.

History
William Dawes recorded the name of this place as Go-mo-ra in the language of the local people.

In the early days of the colony of New South Wales, the area was sometimes known as Long Cove, presumably for its long narrow shape. The origin of the name 'Iron Cove' is unclear. In his book on Sydney Harbour, P.R. Stephensen suggests that the name is derived from the iron shackles worn by convicts from Cockatoo Island who were forced to work in the area around the bay from 1839. However, he goes on to note that this is merely "a surmise". Another possible explanation for the name is that it was derived from the Ironbark trees that used to grow there.

The island in the middle of the bay is called Rodd Island, in honour of Brent Clements Rodd. Iron Cove is crossed by the Iron Cove Bridge, which was first opened in 1882 and links Rozelle and Balmain to Drummoyne. The original bridge was replaced in the 1950s. The Australian warships HMAS Ballarat and [[HMAS Goulburn|HMAS Goulburn''']] were broken up for scrap in the bay in 1953.

The land around the bay is mostly made up of publicly accessible foreshore or parkland. This forms a   jogging circuit known as The Bay Run.

Pollution
According to the University of Sydney's School of Geosciences, this bay and its catchment area are the most heavily polluted in Sydney Harbour. In particular, very high levels of copper, zinc, and lead have been detected in the bay. Some of this pollution is contained in road dust, which is washed into the bay in stormwater. Iron Cove Creek (Dobroyd Canal) also suffers from organic and hydrocarbon pollutants.

A proposal has been put forward for a water filtration device to be installed at Iron Cove Creek. According to Professor Gavin Birch from the University of Sydney's School of Geosciences, "This device is specifically designed to stop those contaminants [heavy metals, organic pollutants and hydrocarbons] actually reaching Sydney Harbour."

Gallery

References

Further reading

 Blaxell, Gregory. The River: Sydney Cove to Parramatta''. Eastwood, N.S.W.: Brush Farm Historical Society, 2004. .

Category:Bays of New South Wales
Category:Coves of Australia
Category:Inner West


Minha formação

Minha formação (My Formation or My Education) is the autobiography of Joaquim Nabuco, a Brazilian writer, diplomat and abolitionist. First published in 1900, it is often cited as a classic of Brazilian literature.

The autobiography includes an account of the slave-holding society in 19th-century Brazil and of the author's travels in Europe and America, as well as extensive digressions on philosophy, politics and abolitionism. It describes his encounters with Pope Leo XIII, George Sand and Ernest Renan.

References
Araújo, Ricardo Benzaquen de. Através do espelho: subjetividade em Minha formação, de Joaquim Nabuco. (Through the Mirror: Subjectivity in My Formation by Joaquim Nabuco) Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, October 2004, vol.19, no.56, p. 5-13. ISSN 0102-6909 (Abstract in English)
Moriconi, Italo. Um estadista sensitivo. A noção de formação e o papel do literário em Minha formação, de Joaquim Nabuco. (A sensitive statesman. The notion of the intellectual formation and the literary role in the book, My Formation by Joaquim Nabuco) Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, June 2001, vol.16, no.46, p. 161-172. ISSN 0102-6909. (Abstract in English)

External links
 Minha formação, the book

Category:1900 non-fiction books
Category:Brazilian biographies
Category:Literary autobiographies
Category:Political autobiographies
Category:Portuguese-language works


Alberto Dahik

Alberto Dahik Garzozi (born August 27, 1953) is an Ecuadorian politician of Lebanese ancestry. He was Vice President of Ecuador from August 10, 1992 to October 11, 1995 during the Sixto Durán Ballén administration.

In 1995, he was forced out of office when the nation's Supreme Court filled a motion to charge Dahik with embezzlement. However, Dahik escaped to Costa Rica where he was granted asylum. In December 2011, he returned to Ecuador while then-President Rafael Correa granted Dahik amnesty. In January 2012, the court acquitted Dahik of all crimes.

Early life
Dahik was educated in economics in Western Ontario University and obtained a master's degree from Princeton University, being directed in the latter by Nobel laureate W. Arthur Lewis. He served as Finance Minister during 1986 (when he was impeached) and member of Congress from 1988 to 1992. It was during this tenure, in October 1990, that he was involved in a highly publicized  incident while a congressional fight was taking place: he was hit by an ashtray tossed by a Roldosist congressman.

Vice Presidency
At the end of 1991, Dahik's Conservative Party established an alliance with Sixto Durán Ballén's Republican Union Party and chose Dahik as his running mate for the 1992 presidential election, which he won against Jaime Nebot. As Vice President in Durán Ballén's administration, Dahik was responsible in designing economic policies. He was important member of Conservative Party.

Embezzlement charges
In 1995, the Supreme Court announced that it had enough evidence to arrest Dahik on charges of embezzlement, but Dahik managed to flee to Costa Rica where he was granted political asylum by that country on March 30, 1996. Dahik briefly returned to Ecuador in April 2005 after his process was annulled by the so-called Pichicorte, unconstitutionally set by Lucio Gutierrez's government.

Ecuador's constitution enacted the necessity of an impeachment process in Congress for the President and Vice-President before any legal procedure regarding the exercise of public duty. The process was set up and Dahik was declared innocent by both Parliament and the Comptroller General of the country, turning then his trial unconstitutional and illegal.

Return to Ecuador
On December 23, 2011 Dahik returned to Ecuador after 16 years of exile, a year after President Rafael Correa called on the National Assembly of Ecuador to grant him amnesty, based on his belief that Dahik is an honest man. His prison order was lifted in order to present himself to a judge every two weeks as precautionary measure. His first appearance at the court occurred on December 26.

On January 20, 2012, Dahik was acquitted by the First Chamber of the National Court of Justice on the basis that he was subjected to a "judicial atrocity". His case was finally archived in March 2013.

References

Category:1953 births
Category:Living people
Category:Ecuadorian people of Lebanese descent
Category:Vice Presidents of Ecuador
Category:Ecuadorian Ministers of Finance
Category:Members of the National Congress (Ecuador)
Category:Conservative Party (Ecuador) politicians
Category:Ecuadorian politicians convicted of crimes


Duke of Buckingham's Light Infantry ("The Sky Blues")

The Duke of Buckingham's Light Infantry is a fictional regiment of the British Army depicted in a series of historical novels by John Mackenzie. They are nicknamed "The Sky Blues" from their sky-blue facings. They bear the chained-and-collared Swan badge of the Mandeville family superimposed over the Bugle badge of the Light Infantry as their cap badge.

History of the Regiment
It was raised and founded in 1685 as Buckingham's Foot by John Villiers, the Duke of Buckingham, by order of King James II. It served in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) and fought at the Duke of Marlborough's victories of Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde and Malplaquet.

It was renamed Villier's Foot when it was commanded by Major-General Sir Ambrose Villiers, colonel from 1742–1748. It served in War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748) at Dettingen and Fontenoy. It then returned home to battle the Young Pretender's forces at the battles of Falkirk and Culloden in 1746. They served in the Seven Years' War (1754–1763) in North America as part of General Braddock's Expedition (1755) and was part of General Wolfe's Expedition to Quebec (1759). They later returned to America in 1772, serving in the Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1783. They afterwards spent a time in India.

They were called back to England from India in 1808. Now called The Buckinghamshire Regiment, the Sky Blues were selected as one of Sir John Moore's Light Infantry corps. They spent the next six years battling the French in Portugal and Spain, winning the battle honours of Corunna, Talavera, Busaco, Fuentes D’Onoro, Cuidad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria and the Pyrenees.  They were among the regiments that served at the Battle of Waterloo (June 16–19, 1815).

In 1855 the regiment, with its modern title of The Duke of Buckingham's Light Infantry, embarked for the Crimean War (1853–1856). Following the mayhem of the battles of The Alma and Inkerman, the Sky Blues were sent straight into the Indian Mutiny (1857). A spell on the North-West Frontier at the end of the century combating the Afghan tribes, prepared the regiment for the ordeal of the Second Boer War in 1899. At the outbreak of the Great War in 1914 The Duke of Buckingham's Light Infantry was involved in the great retreat from Mons to the Aisne and the desperate First Battle of Ypres.
Despite its losses the regiment raised fifteen battalions from the county of Buckinghamshire and boasted that at least one took part in every battle of the war. The Second World War saw the two regular battalions serve on different fronts. The First Battalion fought at Dunkirk (1940) while the Second Battalion fought the Italians in the Western Desert (1940).

The regiment's most recent battle honour was won in the Falklands in 1982.

Notable Commanders
The Colonel of the regiment from 1742–1748 was Major-General Sir Ambrose Villiers, a nephew of the eighth Duke of Buckingham. He has been with the regiment since he was a young Ensign at the Battle of Malplaquet (1709). He commanded a company of the regiment (indicating at least Captain's rank) during the Jacobite rising of 1715.

References
Volume One: The Swan on the Buglehorn
Volume Two: Gideon's Sword Bearers – Covers the Battle of Dettingen (1743) and Battle of Fontenoy (1745) against the French and the Battle of Falkirk (1745) and Battle of Culloden (1746) against Bonnie Prince Charlie's Scottish Jacobite Army.

Historical Errors
The 2nd Duke of Buckingham (1628–1687) was named George Villiers, not John Villiers. His older brother Charles died a few years after being born and George had no other surviving male siblings.
George Villiers was the 2nd (and last) Duke of Buckingham in the Villiers line. He might have meant John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby (1648–1721), who would have been alive during the novel's timeframe.

Category:Fictional British Army units


Writer in the Dark

"Writer in the Dark" is a song recorded by New Zealand singer-songwriter Lorde for her second album Melodrama (2017). Lorde co-wrote and co-produced the track with Jack Antonoff. It is a piano ballad with sparse production and an outro. The song was inspired after Lorde woke up late one night with a stranger; its lyrics are Lorde's lament to an ex-lover, in which she says she will always love him but she also needs to move her life forwards.

The song received acclaim from music critics, many of whom commended its songwriting and compared it to that of Taylor Swift and Lorde's vocals to Kate Bush's register. Lorde performed "Writer in the Dark" and six other songs as part of a re-imagined Vevo song series at Electric Lady Studios, where she recorded the song. "Writer in the Dark" was part of the set list of her Melodrama World Tour (2017–2018).

Background and development

In an exclusive podcast interview with The Spinoff, Lorde stated that she wrote "Writer in the Dark" from the perspective of "something being finished, but still feeling like I had something I wanted to say". She was also inspired to write the lyric, "Bet you rue the day you kissed a writer in the dark" after she woke late on night in a bed she was sharing with a stranger. In a separate interview, Lorde said "Writer in the Dark" was the last song she recorded that made the final cut of the album and the second (after "Supercut") in which she "was speaking to someone or closing a door". The singer-songwriter said about the songwriting process, "It's interesting when you’re female and you write this confessional, painfully honest music about your life. There’s a lot of guilt associated with that."

According to Lorde, the song is her way of saying, "It's what I've always been. It's what I was when you met me. It's what I will continue to be after you leave. That's exactly what was going to happen when you kissed a writer in the dark." She noted that the lyrics of the chorus fluctuate in emotion. Lorde also said the writing process felt therapeutic and complex. When asked about writing from a traditionalist perspective, Lorde said she felt she made the song unique by implementing words such as "pseudoephedrine", the name of a sympathomimetic drug, which she said would work in a rap song; she enjoyed taking standard forms and putting "spiky bits on them". The singer also compared "Writer in the Dark" and "Liability" (2017) to a rap cadence.

Composition and lyrical interpretation
"Writer in the Dark" was co-written and co-produced by Lorde (credited under her birth-name Ella Yelich-O'Connor) and Jack Antonoff. It was recorded at Electric Lady Studios in Greenwich Village, New York City. The song is composed in the key of G Major with a walking pace tempo of 72 beats per minute while Lorde's vocals span a range of D3 to D5. It is a piano ballad with sparse instrumentation in its production. Its lyrics are Lorde's lament to an ex-lover, whom she tells she will always love but she also needs to move forward. Paste writer Emily Reily said the song "combines Lorde’s defiance with her most desperate and exposed moments, showing she’ll go pretty damn far for love, but will move on when she chooses".

The song drew comments on Lorde's vocals, which several publications compared to those of English singer Kate Bush. According to Colin Groundwater from Pretty Much Amazing, Lorde vocals on the line "I love you til you call the cops on me" stretch to a "painfully human falsetto", while Chicago Tribune editor Greg Kot said the singer delivers a "resonant line about obsession" as she finds a "way to tunnel out from the wreckage". Drowned in Sound noted the "jolting shift on ‘Writer in the Dark’ from [Lorde's] usual semi-growl of a delivery to a much more high-pitched warble that is one of a handful of moments on this album to recall Kate Bush". Entertainment Weekly stated that Lorde acknowledges the "trope of the scorned lover" in the song, while No Ripcord said her vocals turn to grief in the lines, "I am my mother's child, I'll love you 'til my breathing stops".

Critical reception

"Writer in the Dark" received critical acclaim from music critics; several publications compared its songwriting to that of Taylor Swift. Stuff.co.nz editor Graeme Tuckett called it one of the highlights from the album, saying, "Lorde giving her toughest and least inflected vocal performance in the service of the album's strongest set of lyrics". Alexis Petridis from The Guardian stated that while the song was not the first attempt from a modern female singer-songwriter to channel Kate Bush, "it may well be the first one that doesn’t make you want to die of embarrassment on their behalf – the tune is wonderful, her cracked, raw vocal really affecting".

Sharing similar sentiments, Spencer Kornhaber from The Atlantic called the song a "wonderful nightmare of a piano piece" and concludes by stating that Lorde is saying "something that’s been said many times before in song, but she’s still saying it more interestingly than most people". DIY writer Will Richards called the song "flooring, showing her to be one of the most emotionally intelligent pop songwriters around", while NMEs Dan Stubbs described it as "deliciously bitter". Jon Pareles from The New York Times compared its lyrics to Swift and its aesthetic to Lana Del Rey's, saying it is "sometimes sparse and transparent enough to accompany Lorde’s voice with just a piano note or two".

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Melodrama.

Management
Published by Songs Music Publishing, Sony/ATV Songs, LLC, Ducky Donath Music (BMI)
Recorded at Electric Lady Studios (New York City)
Mixed at Electric Lady Studios
Mastered at Sterling Sound Studios (New York City)

Personnel

Lorde – vocals, songwriting, production
Jack Antonoff – production, songwriting
Brandon Bost – mixing assistance
Tom Elmhirst – mixing
Randy Merrill – mastering
Barry McCready – engineering assistance
Seth Paris – engineering assistance
Greg Eliason – engineering assistance
Laura Sisk – engineering

References

External links

Category:2010s ballads
Category:2017 songs
Category:Lorde songs
Category:Songs written by Jack Antonoff
Category:Songs written by Lorde


Sergey Karetnik

Sergey Karetnik (; ; born 15 February 1995) is a Ukrainian-Russian football midfielder who plays for FC Yenisey Krasnoyarsk.

Career
He is the product of the FC Dynamo Kyiv youth sportive system. Than he transferred to Russia and accepted the Russian citizenship. From January 2014 he played on loan for FC Metalurh Donetsk in the Ukrainian Premier League.

He made his Russian Football Premier League debut for FC Kuban Krasnodar against FC Ufa on 24 April 2015.

In 14 February 2019 became the member of Lithuanian FK Palanga.

International
Karetnyk played for the Ukraine-16 in several youth championships. He has not debuted for the senior team, so is still eligible for Ukraine or Russia

Personal life
His father Volodymyr Karetnyk played in the Ukrainian Premier League in the 1990s for FC Zorya-MALS Luhansk, MFC Kremin Kremenchuk, FC Prykarpattya Ivano-Frankivsk and FC Nyva Ternopil.

References

External links

Category:1995 births
Category:People from Lubny
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Category:Expatriate footballers in Armenia


Nanzhou, Nan County

Nanzhou Town () is an urban town and the seat of Nan County in Hunan, China.

Administrative division
The town is divided into 25 villages and 9 communities, the following areas: Dongdiwei Community, Laozhengjie Community, Chisongting Community, Yong'an Community, Donghong Community, Huajiahu Community, Baotahu Community, Huojian Community, Xinhe Community, Xiaoheyan Village, Dingjiacheng Village, Dalangcheng Village, Dazhou Village, Nanzhou Village, Beiyang Village, Baimache Village, Shuangyan Village, Nanshan Village, Shentonggang Village, Bafangzui Village, Banzui Village, Qingminghu Village, Qingyunao Village, Huangjia Village, Hehua Village, Changxingqiao Village, Zhanggongtang Village, Xinyan Village, Yangjialing Village, Fumeiqiao Village, Heishushan Village, Shuyuan Village, Heishanpo Village, and Chaoyang Village (东堤尾社区、老正街社区、赤松亭社区、永安社区、东红社区、花甲湖社区、宝塔湖社区、火箭社区、新荷社区、小荷堰村、丁家城村、大郎城村、大洲村、南洲村、北洋村、白马圻村、双燕村、南山村、神童港村、八方嘴村、班嘴村、清明湖村、青鱼脑村、黄家村、荷花村、长兴桥村、张公塘村、新颜村、杨家岭村、伏美桥村、黑树山村、书院村、黑山坡村、朝阳村).

References

Category:Divisions of Nan County
Category:County seats in Hunan


Massillon Township, Cedar County, Iowa

Massillon Township is one of seventeen townships in Cedar County, Iowa, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 330.

Geography
Massillon Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Brink, Center and Massillon. The township also contains the unincorporated settlement of Massillon, Iowa for which it is named.

References

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Category:Townships in Cedar County, Iowa
Category:Townships in Iowa


Kosmos 496

Kosmos 496 ( meaning Cosmos 496) was an unmanned test of the redesigned Soyuz ferry. It did not dock with any space station. After the Soyuz 11 disaster the third seat was removed because the space was need for the two crewmen in space suits and their equipment. Kosmos 496 retained its solar arrays.

Mission parameters
Spacecraft: Soyuz-7K-T
Mass: 6800 kg
Crew: None
Launched: June 26, 1972
Landed: July 2, 1972

References
Mir Hardware Heritage
Mir Hardware Heritage - NASA report (PDF format)
Mir Hardware Heritage (wikisource)

Category:1972 in spaceflight
Kosmos 0496
Kosmos 0496
Category:1972 in the Soviet Union
Category:Spacecraft launched in 1972


Turn Ahead the Clock

Turn Ahead the Clock was a promotion in Major League Baseball (MLB). It was originated by the Seattle Mariners marketing team in the 1998 season. During the   season, all but ten teams elected to wear the promotional uniforms that were in a "future" style. The uniforms were widely criticized and the promotion proved unsuccessful.

Origin
Kevin Martinez, the marketing director for the Mariners in 1998, came up with the idea to have futuristic jerseys from the 2027 season as an alternative to "Turn Back the Clock" promotions. The marketing team transformed the Kingdome to give it a futuristic atmosphere. According to Martinez,  was instrumental in the design of the jerseys and came up with the idea to change the Mariners' colors from navy, teal, and white to crimson, black, and silver. Majestic Athletic worked with the Mariners' marketing team to create the uniform; the jersey front featured an oversized compass rose. Martinez himself described the jerseys as "gaudy."

The opponent for the promotion game on July 18 was the Kansas City Royals, who according to Martinez, were "fantastic to work with". Originally, the Mariners played with the jerseys un-tucked and turned their baseball caps backwards. Griffey painted his teammates baseball cleats with silver spray paint, and also convinced teammates to cut off the sleeves of their uniforms. The Royals wore yellow gold vests with royal blue sleeves, and white pants trimmed in blue and gold.

During the game, the umpires, who were wearing silver shirts as a part of the promotion, ruled that the un-tucked shirts gave batters an advantage because they could more easily be hit by a pitch so the umpires ruled that the players had to tuck them in. The Mariners promotion was considered successful, unlike the major league wide promotion in 1999. The futurism also extended to pregame festivities: the ceremonial first pitch was thrown out by actor James Doohan (Mr. Scott from Star Trek), who arrived at the pitcher's mound in a DeLorean and was given the ball by a robot created at the University of Washington. Seattle shortstop Alex Rodriguez broke a 4–4 tie in the seventh inning with a three-run homer and the M's

1999 season promotion
Major League Baseball sold the promotion concept to Century 21 Real Estate. The New York Yankees, Chicago Cubs, Toronto Blue Jays, Texas Rangers, Montreal Expos, Houston Astros, Cincinnati Reds, and Los Angeles Dodgers did not participate in the promotion. The New York Mets changed their names to the "Mercury Mets" (complete with caps featuring the ☿ symbol) while hosting the Pittsburgh Pirates on July 27, 1999.

In games, which were "set" in the year 2021, stadiums would use futuristic graphics on their scoreboards as a part of the promotion. During a Padres / Giants game, fielding positions were renamed. Shortstop was renamed "intermediate station" and left field was renamed "left sector". Some ballpark advertisements also joined in, with Northwest Airlines becoming "Northwest Spacelines" (this can be seen when Mariners outfielder Butch Huskey crashed into the outfield wall during a game).

Criticism
Paul Lukas, writer for ESPN.com, described the promotion as "a concept that was goofy yet charming for one night became a bad joke when transmogrified into an extended vehicle for corporate sponsorship." Pitcher Greg Hansell was quoted as saying, "It looks like Halloween came early."

20th Anniversary
The Seattle Mariners wore the 1998 "Turn Ahead the Clock" uniforms (as did their opponents, the Royals, who took part in the promotion in 1998) at Safeco Field on June 30, 2018, to commemorate the promotion's 20th anniversary.

See also
Turn Back the Clock (baseball)

References

External links
Archived MLB.com "Turn Ahead the Clock" page
Jerseys
Turn Ahead the Clock Night on Baseball-Reference Bullpen
Mercury Mets Jerseys
Chicago White Sox Turn Ahead the Clock Jersey

Category:Major League Baseball culture
Category:Seattle Mariners
Category:1999 Major League Baseball season


The Last Knight: The Twilight of the Middle Ages and the Birth of the Modern Era

The Last Knight: The Twilight of the Middle Ages and the Birth of the Modern Era is a 2005 nonfiction book written by the medievalist Norman Cantor. The book uses John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster as the focus around which he describes the medieval English culture of that time (1340-1399).

Cantor writes about some of the great families of the era, including Gaunt's own House of Plantagenet. From the Hundred Years War to Edward, the Black Prince, The Last Knight describes the ideas, people, and situations that John of Gaunt encountered.

References

Category:2005 non-fiction books


Ayoluengo oil field

The Ayoluengo oil field is an oil field located in Sargentes de la Lora, Province of Burgos. It was discovered in 1960 and developed by Leni Oil & Gas. It began production in 1961 and produces oil. The total proven reserves of the Ayoluengo oil field are around 104 million barrels (13.9×106tonnes), and production is centered on .

Geology
The 10 km2 field consists of a Triassic salt-cored anticline with 200 m of vertical closure.  Oil and gas are produced from more than 50 lenticular sandstone bodies of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age.  These sandstone bodies lie at a depth of at least 1300 m.  The last well was drilled in 1990, making for a total of 52.  Only 10 wells were active by 2016, when the cumulative production had reached 17 million barrels of oil.

References

Category:Oil fields in Spain


Ape in Pink Marble

Ape in Pink Marble is the ninth studio album by folk rock musician Devendra Banhart, released on September 23, 2016 on Nonesuch Records. The album was written, produced, arranged, and recorded in Los Angeles by the singer/songwriter/guitarist with his longtime collaborators Noah Georgeson and Josiah Steinbrick, both of whom also worked on Banhart's previous album, Mala (2013).

Background
The record was finished, as was stated in a recent interview, in early May 2016. A couple of weeks after that, Banhart posted on Instagram that the album's recording and mixing was done. The album was announced on June 24, 2016, along with the first track, 'Middle Names', the opening track of the album.

Music and lyrics
According to a recent concert review, the album contains lyrics such as:
"Love, don’t you worry
Even though it’s time to go.
There is no one that I love
And that no one is you."

Critical reception

Ape in Pink Marble received a generally positive reception from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a "weighted average" score to ratings and reviews from selected mainstream critics, the Metascore is 78, which is based on 14 critical reviews.

Marcy Donelson from AllMusic stated, "The album's overall effect is one of strolling along a seaside path, maybe with a stray dog and a straw hat, in a less-frequented village somewhere far from home, and it's one of Banhart's most satisfying."

Track listing

Charts

References

Category:2013 albums
Category:Devendra Banhart albums
Category:Nonesuch Records albums
Category:Indie folk albums by American artists


Boyd's forest dragon

Boyd's forest dragon (Lophosaurus boydii, formerly Hypsilurus boydii) is a species of arboreal agamid lizard found in rainforests and their margins in the Wet Tropics region of northern Queensland, Australia. It is the larger of the two species of Lophosaurus found in Australia. The other species, the southern angle-headed dragon, L. spinipes, is found in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales.

Etymology
The generic name Lophosaurus stands for "crested lizard", from the Greek lophos for "crest", and saurus for "lizard". The specific name, boydii, is a reference to English-born John Archibald Boyd (1846–1926), who lived in Fiji from 1865 to 1882 and then on a sugar plantation at Ingham, Queensland, and collected specimens for the Australian Museum. The binomial authority is William John Macleay, who provided the original description of the species in 1884.

Geographic range and habitat
The species is restricted to rainforests and their margins in northern Queensland, Australia, from just north of Townsville to near Cooktown. It is found in both upland and lowland rainforest, and is often seen around Lake Eacham (Yidyam) and Lake Barrine, and in parts of Malanda Falls Conservation Park and at Mossman Gorge.

It is recorded using tree-hollows.

Description
Boyd's forest dragons are generally brown or grey above, with some individuals having a green flush. The body is laterally compressed. They have very enlarged cheek scales, a prominent nuchal crest, and a yellow dewlap under the chin that is edged with enlarged spines. The tympanum is large and superficial. A dorsal crest, discontinuous with the nuchal crest, consisting of enlarged, hardened and pointed scales, runs down to the base of the tail.

Adults are sexually dimorphic, with males larger than females and having larger, blockier heads. Adult males grow to an average body length (snout-vent length) of about , with the tail adding another ; average body length for adult females is about  and tail length is about . Average body mass for adult males is about , and for females is about .

Behavior
Boyd's forest dragons spend the majority of their time perched on the trunks of trees, usually at around head height, although daily movements can exceed  on the ground. When approached, they will usually move around to the opposite side of the tree, keeping the trunk between them and their harasser.

Unlike most other lizards, Boyd's forest dragons don't bask in the sun, instead letting their body temperature fluctuate with air temperature (thermoconforming rather than thermoregulating). The one possible exception to this general rule is gravid (pregnant) females, which are often observed sitting on or beside forest roads and exhibit elevated body temperatures.

Boyd's forest dragons typically commence activity at dawn and cease activity at dusk, remaining active even when it rains. Activity is highly seasonal, all but ceasing during the cooler months, when lizards typically move into the rainforest canopy.

Both males and females appear to be territorial, with males defending an area of around 1,000 square metres (0.247 acre). Female territories are smaller, with male territories often containing the territories of more than one female.

Hatchlings, juveniles and smaller adults can often be found 'sleeping' at night at the ends of tree branches with their head pointing back towards the trunk.

Diet
Boyd's forest dragons are sit-and-wait predators, catching prey that they spy from their perches, although once on the ground, they will frequently move over a wider area, catching prey as they go.  Their diet consists primarily of invertebrates, with earthworms making up a relatively high proportion. Small fruits and vertebrates are also occasionally consumed.

Reproduction
Reproduction is via eggs, with clutch sizes varying from one to six eggs. Eggs are about  long and  wide, and weigh about . Egg size and weight are both higher in upland populations. Females in lowland populations may lay more than one clutch in a season, but clutch sizes are typically smaller than those laid by upland females. The eggs are laid in shallow nests, often in rainforest clearings — both natural and man-made (the verges of roads are particularly popular). The eggs take about 100 days to incubate.

Sexual maturity is achieved in around one to two years in lowland populations but probably takes at least a year longer in upland populations.

Predators
Known predators of juvenile and adult forest dragons include grey goshawks and feral pigs. Slaty-grey snakes (Stegonotus cucullatus) have also been known to eat forest dragon eggs.

Parasites
Small orange mites are commonly found on the dewlap and in the groin areas of the legs.

References

Further reading
Boulenger GA (1885). Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume I. ... Agamidæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 436 pp. + Plates I-XXXII. (Gonyocephalus boydii, pp. 297–298).
Macleay W (1884). "Notes on some Reptiles from the Herbert River, Queensland". Proc. Linnean Soc. New South Wales 8: 432-436. (Tiaris boydii, new species, pp. 432–433).

External links
Boyd's Forest Dragon
Tropical Topics
The Reptile Database

Category:Lophosaurus
Category:Agamid lizards of Australia
Category:Reptiles of Queensland
Category:Endemic fauna of Australia
Category:Reptiles described in 1884
Category:Taxa named by William John Macleay


Machimosaurus

Machimosaurus is an extinct genus of teleosaurid crocodyliform from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian and Tithonian) and Early Cretaceous. The type species, Machimosaurus hugii, was found in Switzerland. Other fossils have been found in England, France, Germany, Portugal, Switzerland and Tunisia. Machimosaurus rex is the largest named teleosaurid and thalattosuchian, with an estimated length of approximately 7.2 metres (skull length 155 cm),. Machimosaurus is the largest known crocodyliform of the Jurassic.

Discovery and species

Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1837 named isolated conical, blunt teeth with numerous longitudinal lines from Switzerland, Madrimosaurus hugii. However, in 1838, realising he had misspelled the name, he emended Madrimosaurus to Machimosaurus, from the Greek machimoi, ancient Egyptian troops deployed during the Ptolemaic Dynasty plus the -saurus suffix, literally meaning "pugnacious lizard". The teeth of Machimosaurus, with their rounded, blunt apex and stout morphology make them characteristic and easily identifiable compared to other teleosaurid teeth.

The type species, M. hugii, is known from the Kimmeridgian of Portugal, Spain, Tunisia and Switzerland. Machimosaurus ferox and M. interruptus were previously considered junior synonyms of M. hugii, but have been recently considered possible synonyms of Machimosaurus mosae.

Krebs (1967), considered M. mosae (Lienard, 1876) to be a junior synonym of M. hugii, but is considered a second valid species of the genus based on a nearly complete skeleton found from the late Kimmeridgian of France.

Two species also placed within Machimosaurus are M. bathonicus and M. rigauxi, from the Bathonian of France. However, these are gracile species, lacking the characteristic blunted teeth of Machimosaurus, and are probably referable to Steneosaurus.

Mark Young and his colleagues  made a detailed revision of the genus and recognized four species: M. hugii, M. mosae, M. nowackianus from Harrar, Ethiopia, and a new species, Machimosaurus buffetauti. They hypothesized that Machimosaurus may have been analogous to the Pliocene–Holocene genus Crocodylus in having one large-bodied taxon suited to traversing marine barriers and additional, geographically limited taxa across its range.

The fossilized anterior portion of the lower jaw from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian or Kimmeridgian) of Ethiopia referred to the pliosaur Simolestes nowackianus, is in fact a large species of Machimosaurus.

In 2016, a new species of Machimosaurus discovered in Tunisia was described in the journal Cretaceous Research. Named Machimosaurus rex, it is currently the largest teleosaurid known, estimated to be  in length (skull length ) based on a partial skeleton. M. rex also stands at present as the youngest teleosaurid, hailing from the Early Cretaceous. However, more recent estimates put M. hugii along with M. rex at about  long. The discovery of M. rex indicates that teleosaurid crocodylomorphs survived the extinction event at the end of the Late Jurassic, but did not retain the diversity of species within their family from earlier periods. Further examination of the specimen revealed it was likely a generalist hunter due to its stocky, relatively short, and rounded teeth.

Palaeobiology

Niche partitioning
From the Kimmeridgian-age, semi-aquatic deposits of Oker, Lower Saxony, Germany two genera of teleosaurids (Steneosaurus and Machimosaurus) are known, in addition to the neosuchian genera Goniopholis and Theriosuchus. Machimosaurus and Steneosaurus are also found together in the same Tithonian-age deposits of western France.

Diet

Bite marks on an early Kimmeridgian sauropod (Cetiosauriscus) femur from Switzerland match teeth known from Machimosaurus hugii, also found in the same deposits. This suggests either scavenging on the sauropod's corpse, or active predation from the waters edge, much like living crocodilians. Kimmeridgian-age fossil turtles from "Solothurn Turtle Limestone" of northern Switzerland have bite marks, and splintered Machimosaurus teeth imbedded, while fossil turtles from the Late Jurassic of Germany also possess bite marks that match teeth of Machimosaurus found in the same deposit.

Morphofunctional analysis on the skull of Machimosaurus strongly suggests they ate turtles (chelonophagy). Morphological comparison of their teeth also confirms that they are adapted to seizing and crushing hard prey.

Locomotion
Based on the vertebrae (zygapophysial) articulations, Machimosaurus is considered to have lived in open-seas, swimming by lateral undulations of the tail with the limbs used for steering and balancing. Head and neck depressing (downward moving) muscles would have been well-developed, as their attachment site on the skull (basioccipital tubera) were large. This would have greatly assisted Machimosaurus in diving.

See also

List of marine reptiles

References

External links
 Angellis Net pdf
 Images on French Paleopedia

Category:Prehistoric reptile genera
Category:Prehistoric marine crocodylomorphs
Category:Early Cretaceous crocodylomorphs of Europe
Category:Late Jurassic crocodylomorphs of Europe
Category:Early Cretaceous reptiles of Africa
Category:Late Jurassic genus first appearances
Category:Early Cretaceous genus extinctions
Category:Thalattosuchians


Ehm Welk

Emil Welk, known by his nickname Ehm Welk (August 29, 1884 – December 19, 1966), was a German journalist, writer, professor and founder of Volkshochschulen (adult education centres). He became known for his work Die Heiden von Kummerow (The Heathens of Kummerow) and used  Thomas Trimm as a pseudonym.

Life
Welk was born as the son of a farmer in Biesenbrow (now part of Angermünde), Brandenburg. After frequenting the village school, the 16-year-old moved away from home, completed a commercial education, worked on the sea and as a journalist for several papers, e.g. in Brunswick for the Braunschweiger Allgemeiner Anzeiger, whose editor-in-chief he was from 1910 on to 1919. Afterwards, he worked for the Braunschweiger Morgenzeitung.

During these times, Welk experienced the German Revolution in Brunswick. His experiences later built the background for the novel Im Morgennebel, that describes true Brunswick events and people of these times in a not much encrypted way. This novel's manuscript, that employed Welk for a long time, was already finished in 1940 but not published until 1953 in East Germany

In 1922 Welk traveled to the United States and Latin America. One year later, he went back to Weimar Germany and worked as a writer and journalist, mainly in Berlin and neighbourhood. Two revolutionary dramas, Gewitter über Gotland (1926) and Kreuzabnahme (1927), caused scandals and had to be taken out of the theatres' repertoires – despite their popular success.

In 1934, one year after Hitler's Machtergreifung, Welk, under the pseudonym Thomas Trimm, wrote an open letter in the Grüne Post titled Auf ein Wort, Herr Minister, in which he criticised Nazi press censorship under Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels. The writer was then arrested and imprisoned in KZ Oranienburg for a short while. After his discharge (that was mainly due to protests by foreign journalists), he was banned from his profession.

In 1935, Welk settled in the Spreewald with his wife Agathe Lindner, who was also a writer;
she is known for her novel Juliane Wied and was together with Welk from 1924 until his death.
Despite the ban, Welk began writing again, but only wrote – seemingly – "unpolitical books". In this era, his successful novels Die Heiden von Kummerow (1937), Die Lebensuhr des Gottlieb Grambauer (1938), and Die Gerechten von Kummerow (1943) were born. These novels described life in northern Germany's villages in a humorous way. It is supposed today that the character Martin Grambauer wears autobiographical traces of his author, while Gottlieb Grambauer is a tribute to the author's father.

After 1945, Welk ceased his literary work for a few years. He stayed in East Germany and founded six Volkshochschulen (adult education centres) in Mecklenburg. In 1946, he became director of a Volkshochschule in Schwerin.

In 1950, Welk moved to Bad Doberan and began with writing again. He received several awards of the GDR (e.g. the Nationalpreis in 1954), and became an honorary citizen of the towns Bad Doberan and Angermünde. At the University of Greifswald, he became an honorary doctor in 1956 and professor of the philosophy faculty in 1964.

Welk died in 1966 in Bad Doberan.

Censorship
Before World War II Welk was often compared with the "hunger priest" Wilhelm Raabe and with Gustav Freytag. In the GDR Die Heiden von Kummerow and Die Gerechten von Kummerow were his most popular works; they were seen as a German pendant to Guareschi's narrations about Don Camillo and Peppone. The film Die Heiden von Kummerow und ihre lustigen Streiche was, in 1967, one of the rare co-productions of the GDR and West Germany. DEFA made another movie of the book in 1982. The rest of Welk's works were republished by the GDR after his death, but some of them were modified deeply. It is not clear whether Welk wanted to remove Nazi-adopted text or censored himself because of being influenced by upcoming new dictatorship or GDR editors made modifications. Compared to the first edition of Die Heiden von Kummerow, for instance, later releases were anti-military in nature. Several words ("König" instead of "General", "hottentotisch" instead of "polnisch") were changed, as were contents and motives. Christian and biblical elements were replaced by belief in revolution and class conflict. For instance, Krischan's humbleness when he is banished from the village is not Christian anymore, but self-accusing- he accuses himself of not having supported the revolt of the seamen.

Selected works
Gewitter über Gotland (drama, 1927)
Kreuzabnahme (drama, 1927)
Michael Knobbe oder Das Loch im Gesicht (comedy, 1931)
Die schwarze Sonne (biography of Emin Pascha, 1933)
Die Heiden von Kummerow (novel about a youth spent in a village, 1937)
Die Lebensuhr des Gottlieb Grambauer (historic novel: „Ein Jahrhundert preußisch-deutscher Geschichte von einem fernen Dorfwinkel aus beobachtet" (according to the foreword), 1938)
Der hohe Befehl (historic novel about World War I and German POWs in Russia, 1939)
Die wundersame Freundschaft (about people and animals, 1940)
Die Gerechten von Kummerow (novel – sequel to Die Heiden von Kummerow, 1943)
Die stillen Gefährten (about living with animals, 1943)
Der Nachtmann – Geschichte einer Fahrt zwischen hüben und drüben (1949)
Mein Land, das ferne leuchtet (novel, 1952)
Im Morgennebel (novel about November Revolution in Brunswick, 1953)
Kein Hüsung (movie script, 1954)
Mutafo (grotesque seamen’s stories, 1955)
Der Hammer will gehandhabt sein (narrations, 1958)
Der wackere Kühnemann aus Puttelfingen (satirical novel, 1959)

Literature and films about him
Ingeborg Gerlach: Ehm Welk: „Im Morgennebel“. Entstehung und Rezeption des Romans. In: Braunschweigisches Jahrbuch, volume 75, Brunswick 1994
Konrad Reich: Ehm Welk – Stationen eines Lebens. Rostock: Hinstorff, 1976
Matthias Friske: Kummerow im Bruch hinterm Berge.
Christian Lehmann: "Im Bruch hinterm Berge – Ehm Welk und Biesenbrow", Dokumentary film, DEFA, 1978

External links

 His biography at Exil-Archiv.de
 The Ehm-Welk-house in Doberan
 Ehm Welk in chwerin-news.de

Category:1884 births
Category:1966 deaths
Category:People from Angermünde
Category:People from the Province of Brandenburg
Category:University of Greifswald faculty
Category:German male writers


2019–20 Atlas F.C. season

The 2019–20 Atlas F.C. season is the 90th season in the football club's history and the 50th consecutive season in the top flight of Mexican football.

Coaching staff

Transfers

In

Out

Competitions

Overview

Torneo Apertura

League table

Results summary

Result round by round

Matches

Copa MX

Group stage

Statistics

Squad statistics

Goals

Clean sheets

Disciplinary record

References

External links

Category:Mexican football clubs 2019–20 season
Category:Atlas F.C. seasons


Ed Zschau

Edwin Van Wyck Zschau (; born January 6, 1940) represented California's 12th District in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 1987.  In 1986 he ran as the Republican candidate for a seat in the United States Senate. He prevailed in a crowded Republican primary that included, among others, conservative commentator Bruce Herschensohn, Los Angeles County supervisor Michael D. Antonovich and Congresswoman Bobbi Fiedler, but then lost to incumbent Democrat Alan Cranston by a narrow margin.

Zschau briefly re-entered the political arena as the vice presidential running mate to former Colorado Governor Dick Lamm, a Democrat, who challenged Ross Perot for the Reform Party presidential nomination in 1996.
On May 26, 2019, Dr. Zschau became the Interim President of Sierra Nevada College.

Biography

Zschau was born in Omaha, Nebraska.

Zschau has an A.B. degree (cum laude) in philosophy from Princeton University and M.B.A., M.S. (statistics), and Ph.D. degrees from Stanford University.

During the 1960s, Zschau was for five years an assistant professor at the Stanford Graduate School of Business, teaching courses in computer systems, management science, and business policy. In 1967–68 he was a visiting assistant professor at the Harvard Business School, where he taught the required first year MBA course in managerial economics.

Also during the 1960s Zschau founded a computer company, System Industries. One of his collaborators in founding this company was Henry B. Eyring. Zschau served as CEO of System Industries from 1968 to 1981.

In 1987 Zschau became a general partner of Brentwood Associates, a Los Angeles-based venture capital firm, and in 1988, he was elected chairman and CEO of Censtor Corp., a company which had been founded by Brentwood to develop advanced magnetic recording components for disk drives. He was recruited to be chairman and CEO of Adstar, the IBM Storage Systems Division in 1993.

Zschau is also the founding chairman, emeritus, and a member of the National Advisory Board of The Tech Museum of Innovation in San Jose, is on the board of scholars of the ACCF Center for Policy Research in Washington, D.C., and is a fellow of the California Council on Science and Technology. He serves as chairman of the board of NanoOpto Corporation, Princeton Power Systems, and StarTek, Inc. (NYSE), President of Polyera Corporation, as a director of The Reader's Digest Association, Inc. (NYSE), and Washington Live, Inc.

Zschau is currently a visiting lecturer with rank of professor at Princeton University in the Departments of Electrical Engineering, Operations Research and Financial Engineering, and in the Keller Center for Innovation in Engineering Education. Prior to his current post at Princeton, from 1997 to 2000, he was professor of management at the Harvard Business School and a visiting professor at Princeton University. In the summer of 2019, Zschau accepted a pro bono position as Interim President of Sierra Nevada University, in Incline Village, Nevada.

Zschau and his wife, Jo, currently reside in Nantucket, Massachusetts, and Los Altos, California. They have one son and two daughters.

Zschau is skilled in playing the ukulele and was known to some as the "singing congressman".

References

External links

Category:1940 births
Category:Living people
Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from California
Category:California Republicans
Category:IBM employees
Category:Politicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Category:Princeton University faculty
Category:Harvard Business School faculty
Category:Stanford University Graduate School of Business faculty
Category:Stanford University alumni
Category:Reform Party of the United States of America politicians
Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Category:Businesspeople from Omaha, Nebraska


Długowizna

Długowizna  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mszczonów, within Żyrardów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

References

Category:Villages in Żyrardów County