Dwight Yoakam

Dwight David Yoakam (born October 23, 1956) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and actor, known for his pioneering style of country music. First becoming popular in the mid-1980s, Yoakam has recorded more than twenty albums and compilations, charted more than thirty singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, and sold more than 25 million records. He has recorded five Billboard #1 albums, twelve gold albums, and nine platinum albums, including the triple-platinum This Time.

In addition to his many achievements in the performing arts, he is also the most frequent musical guest in the history of The Tonight Show.

Early life
Dwight Yoakam was born on October 23, 1956, to Ruth Ann (née Tibbs), a key-punch operator, and David Yoakam, a gas-station owner. He was born in Pikeville, Kentucky, United States, but was raised in Columbus, Ohio, where he graduated from Northland High School in 1974.  During his high school years, he took part in both the music and drama programs, having been cast in lead roles for the school's plays, including "Charlie" in Flowers for Algernon.  Outside of school, Yoakam sang and played guitar with local garage bands.

He briefly attended Ohio State University, but dropped out and moved to Los Angeles in 1977 with the intent of becoming a recording artist. On May 7, 2005, Ohio Valley University in Parkersburg, West Virginia, awarded and presented Yoakam with an honorary doctorate.

Music career

When he began his career, Nashville was oriented toward pop "urban cowboy" music, and Yoakam's brand of hip honky tonk music was not considered marketable.

Not making much headway in Nashville, Yoakam moved to Los Angeles and worked towards bringing his particular brand of new Honky Tonk or "Hillbilly" music (as he called it) forward into the 1980s. Writing all his own songs, and continuing to perform mostly outside traditional country music channels, he did many shows in rock and punk rock clubs around Los Angeles, playing with roots rock or punk rock acts like The Blasters (Yoakam scored a small video hit with his version of their song "Long White Cadillac"), Los Lobos, and X. This helped him diversify his audience beyond the typical country music fans, and his authentic, honky-tonk revivalism brought rock audiences closer to country music.

Yoakam's recording debut was the self-financed EP Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc. on independent label Oak Records produced by lead-guitarist Pete Anderson; this was later re-released by Reprise Records, with several additional tracks, as his major-label debut LP, 1986's Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc.. The record hit the market during a sea change in country music: the urban cowboy music was out of style, and neotraditional music based on classic styles, such as Yoakam's honky-tonk inspired music, was now in demand. The LP was a breakout hit and spawned his first two hit singles: "Honky Tonk Man", a remake of the Johnny Horton song, and the title track "Guitars, Cadillacs." His stylish video "Honky Tonk Man" was the first country music video ever played on MTV. The follow-up LP, Hillbilly Deluxe, was just as successful. His third LP, Buenas Noches from a Lonely Room, included his first No. 1, a duet with his musical idol, Buck Owens, on "Streets of Bakersfield". 1990's If There Was a Way was another best-seller.

Yoakam's song "Readin', Rightin', Route 23" pays tribute to his childhood move from Kentucky, and is named after a local expression describing the route that rural Kentuckians took to find a job outside of the coal mines. (U.S. Route 23 runs north from Kentucky through Columbus and Toledo, Ohio and through the automotive centers of Michigan.) Rather than the standard line that their elementary schools taught "the three Rs" of "Readin', 'Ritin', and 'Rithmetic", Kentuckians used to say that the three Rs they learned were "Readin', 'Ritin', and Route 23 North".

Johnny Cash once cited Yoakam as his favorite country singer. Chris Isaak called him as good a songwriter as ever put a pen to paper. Time dubbed him "A Renaissance Man" and Vanity Fair declared that "Yoakam strides the divide between rock's lust and country's lament." Along with his bluegrass and honky-tonk roots, he has written or covered many Elvis Presley-style rockabilly songs, including his covers of Queen's "Crazy Little Thing Called Love" in 1999 and Presley's "Suspicious Minds" in 1992. He recorded a cover of The Clash's "Train in Vain" in 1997, a cover of the Grateful Dead song "Truckin'", as well as Cheap Trick's "I Want You to Want Me". He has never been associated only with country music; on many early tours, he played with hardcore punk bands like Hüsker Dü, and played many shows around Los Angeles with roots/punk/rock & roll acts. His middle-period-to-later records saw him branching out to different styles, covering rock & roll, punk, 1960's, blues-based "boogie" like ZZ Top, and writing more adventurous songs like "A Thousand Miles From Nowhere". In 2003, he provided background vocals on Warren Zevon's last album The Wind.

In 2000, Yoakam released dwightyoakamacoustic.net, an album featuring solo acoustic versions of many of his hits.

2005 saw the release of Yoakam's well-reviewed album Blame the Vain, on New West Records. He also released an album dedicated to Buck Owens, Dwight Sings Buck, on October 23, 2007. His duet with Michelle Branch, a song titled "Long Goodbye", was released as a free download on her official website in early 2011.

In July 2011, Yoakam re-signed with Warner Bros. Nashville and announced plans to release a new album. 3 Pears was released on September 18, 2012 with twelve new tracks. Produced by him, it includes a collaboration with Beck. 3 Pears was released to resounding critical acclaim and earned him the highest-charting debut of his career on the Billboard 200 and Billboard Country Albums charts. 3 Pears reached #1 on the Americana Radio chart on October 29, 2012 and went on to break the 2012 record for most weeks at #1 on Americana Radio. By the end of 2012, it was named on annual best of lists by NPR, Rolling Stone, American Songwriter, AOL's The Boot, Entertainment Weekly, The Village Voice, and Rhapsody, and has been included in more critics' "best of 2012" lists than any other artist in the country genre.

In June 2014, Rolling Stone ranked the song "Guitars, Cadillacs" #94 in their list of the 100 greatest country songs.

In February 2015, Yoakam announced a new studio album, titled Second Hand Heart and released on April 14. In 2016, he supported the album by performing at the C2C: Country to Country festival in Europe. He performed at the Americana Music Honors & Awards, announcing that he was working on a new album of all bluegrass songs. The album, titled Swimmin' Pools, Movie Stars..., was released in September 2016.

In 2018, Yoakam embarked on the LSD Tour with Lucinda Williams and Steve Earle.

Film and television career
Yoakam has also starred in many films, most notably as the ill-tempered, abusive live-in boyfriend in Sling Blade (1996), as a psychopathic killer in Panic Room (2002), as a police detective in The Minus Man (1999) and as the sheriff in The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada (2005). He appeared in a supporting role as Doc Miles, the doctor for Chev Chelios, in Crank (2006) and its sequel, Crank: High Voltage (2009). In addition, he guest starred in the King of the Hill episode "Nine Pretty Darn Angry Men" as Lane Pratley. The episode also featured his frequent collaborator Billy Bob Thorton.

He also had a cameo appearance in the 2005 comedy movie Wedding Crashers. In 2006, he starred alongside Penélope Cruz and Salma Hayek in Bandidas; in 2008, he played Pastor Phil in Four Christmases, starring Vince Vaughn and Reese Witherspoon; and he appears in Dirty Girl (2010). He also appeared in The Last Rites of Ransom Pride, an independent 2010 Western that also stars fellow country singer Kris Kristofferson. He played a truck driver in the Wyoming crime thriller, Red Rock West (1993). He also played Brentwood Glasscock in The Newton Boys (1998). In Terminator 2: Judgement Day (1991), his song "Guitars, Cadillacs" is playing in the background of the opening bar scene.

In 2000, Yoakam co-wrote, starred in, produced and wrote the soundtrack for South of Heaven, West of Hell, also starring Vince Vaughn and Bridget Fonda.

Some of his songs are included in the film Big Eden (2000).

Yoakam was featured in a recurring role as Bruce on the FX series Wilfred but was replaced by William Baldwin in the show's fourth and final season. He also appears in the second season of Under the Dome as Lyle Chumley, who runs the Chester's Mill's barbershop. In 2016 Yoakam appeared in a supporting role on the Amazon original show Goliath which stars Billy Bob Thornton.

Bakersfield Biscuits
Yoakam's food brand, Bakersfield Biscuits, has been available at retailers such as Walmart.

SiriusXM - Dwight Yoakam and the Bakersfield Beat

On April 26, 2018, SiriusXM launched a new channel: Dwight Yoakam and the Bakersfield Beat that features the music from Southern California that focuses on, and influences, the Bakersfield sound.

Personal life
Yoakam has dated several famous actresses including Sharon Stone. Dwight's retort to her were the songs "Fast as You" and "Heart Of Stone". In 2016, he became engaged to photographer Emily Joyce; they began dating in 2013.

Awards and recognition
Wins
Academy of Country Music Award for Top New Male Vocalist - 1986
CMT Europe Artist of the Year Award - 1993
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male – 1994 "Ain't That Lonely Yet"
Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals – 1999 Same Old Train shared with multiple artists
Country Music Association Award for International Touring Artist (2007)
Academy of Country Music Cliffe Stone Pioneer Award - 2011
Americana Music Award for Artist of the Year – 2013
Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame - 2019

Nominations
Academy of Country Music Award for Album of the Year - (1986) Guitars, Cadillacs
Country Music Association Horizon Award - 1986
Country Music Association Award for Video of the Year - (1986) "Honky Tonk Man"
Grammy Award for Best Country Song -1987 "Guitars, Cadillacs"
Academy of Country Music Award for Video of the Year - (1987) "Little Sister"
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male – 1987 "Guitars, Cadillacs"
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male – 1988 Hillbilly Deluxe
Academy of Country Music Award for Top Vocal Duet - 1988 with Buck Owens for "Streets of Bakersfield"
Academy of Country Music Award for Top Male Vocalist - 1988
Country Music Association Award for Vocal Event of the Year - 1988 with Buck Owens for "Streets of Bakersfield"
Academy of Country Music Award for Album of the Year - 1998 Buenas Noches From a Lonely Room
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Collaboration – 1989 with Buck Owens for "Streets of Bakersfield"
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male – 1989 Buenas Noches from a Lonely Room
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Collaboration – 1990 with K.d. Lang for Sin City
Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male – 1991 "Turn It On, Turn It Up, Turn Me Loose"
Academy of Country Music Award for Top Vocal Duet - 1992 with Patty Loveless for "Send a Message to My Heart"
Country Music Association Award for Vocal Event of the Year - 1992 with James McMurty, John Prine, Joe Ely and John Mellencamp for "Buzzin' Cousins"
Academy of Country Music Award for Single Record of the Year - 1993 "Ain't That Lonely Yet"
Country Music Association Award for Single of the Year - 1993 "Ain't That Lonely Yet"
Academy of Country Music Award for Album of the Year - 1994 This Time
Country Music Association Award for Male Vocalist of the Year - 1994
Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals - 1994 with Ralph Stanley for "Miner's Prayer"
Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance - 1995 "Pocket of a Clown"
Grammy Award for Best Country Album - 1996 Dwight Live
Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance - 1996 "A Thousand Miles from Nowhere"
Grammy Award for Best Country Album - 1997 Gone
Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance - 1997 "Nothing"
Grammy Award for Best Country Album - 1998 Under the Covers
Academy of Country Music Award for Vocal Event of the Year - 1998 with various artists for "Same Old Train"
Country Music Association Award for Vocal Event of the Year - 1998 with various artists for "Same Old Train"
Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance - 2000 "Crazy Little Thing Called Love"
Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance - 2001 "A Thousand Miles from Nowhere"
Country Music Association Award for Vocal Event of the Year - 2001 with Buck Owens for "Alright, I'm Wrong"
Sources:

Discography

Studio albums
Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc. (1986)
Hillbilly Deluxe (1987)
Buenas Noches From a Lonely Room (1988)
If There Was a Way (1990)
This Time (1993)
Gone (1995)
A Long Way Home (1998)
dwightyoakamacoustic.net (2000)
Tomorrow's Sounds Today (2000)
South of Heaven, West of Hell (Soundtrack) (2001)
Population Me (2003)
Blame the Vain (2005)
3 Pears (2012)
Second Hand Heart (2015)
Swimmin' Pools, Movie Stars (2016)

Christmas albums
Come On Christmas (1997)

Cover albums
Under the Covers (1997)
In Others' Words (2003)
Dwight's Used Records (2004)
Dwight Sings Buck (2007)

Compilation albums
Just Lookin' for a Hit (1989)
Dwight Live (1995)
Last Chance for a Thousand Years (1999)
Reprise Please Baby (2002) 4CD
The Very Best of Dwight Yoakam (2004)
Live From Austin Texas (Recorded in 1988) (2005) CD+DVD
21st Century Hits: Best of 2000–2012 (2013) CD+DVD

International releases
This Is... (1990)
La Croix D'Amour (1992)

Filmography

Film

Television

References
Specific references

General references
Himes, Geoffery. (1998). "Dwight Yoakam". In The Encyclopedia of Country Music. Paul Kingsbuey, Editor. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 605–6.

External links

Category:1956 births
Category:20th-century American male actors
Category:20th-century American singers
Category:21st-century American male actors
Category:21st-century American singers
Category:American alternative country singers
Category:American country rock singers
Category:American country singer-songwriters
Category:American male film actors
Category:American male singer-songwriters
Category:American country guitarists
Category:American bluegrass guitarists
Category:American acoustic guitarists
Category:American male guitarists
Category:Country musicians from California
Category:Country musicians from Ohio
Category:Grammy Award winners
Category:Country musicians from Kentucky
Category:Living people
Category:Ohio State University alumni
Category:Musicians from Columbus, Ohio
Category:People from Los Angeles
Category:People from Pikeville, Kentucky
Category:Oak Records artists
Category:Reprise Records artists
Category:New West Records artists
Category:Musicians from Appalachia
Category:Singers from Kentucky
Category:Singers from Los Angeles
Category:Songwriters from California
Category:Songwriters from Kentucky
Category:Songwriters from Ohio
Category:20th-century American guitarists
Category:Guitarists from Ohio
Category:Guitarists from California
Category:20th-century male singers
Category:21st-century male singers


CFRK-FM

CFRK-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 92.3 FM in Fredericton, New Brunswick owned by Stingray. The station airs a country music format branded as "Fredericton's New Country 92.3".

Based on the current format, CFRK-FM competes with CKHJ who is predominantly an AM only station.

Station History
The station launched on July 28, 2005 under a classic rock/classic hits format branded as "92.3 Fred-FM" with the first song being "Layla" by Derek & The Dominos. On March 1, 2013, at Noon, after playing "Free Bird" by Lynyrd Skynyrd, CFRK-FM flipped to Top 40/CHR as "Hot 92.3", whose logo and presentation was patterned after its sister station CIHT-FM in Ottawa. The first song played on "Hot 92.3" was "Scream & Shout" by will.i.am and Britney Spears.

On February 7, 2013, the CRTC approved Newcap's application to modify the technical parameters of the English language commercial radio programming undertaking CFRK-FM Fredericton by decreasing the station's average effective radiated power (ERP) from 93,000 to 42,000 watts (and by increasing the maximum ERP from 93,000 to 100,000 watts), by increasing the effective height of antenna above average terrain from 124.8 to 137.5 metres, by changing the radiation pattern of the antenna from non-directional to directional, and by relocating the antenna and transmitter from their current site at Hamtown Corner to Mount Hope.

On June 1, 2015, at Midnight, after playing "Amnesia" by Ilai Swindells, CFRK-FM flipped to Country, branded as "New Country 92.3". The first song on "New Country" was "Sun Daze" by Florida Georgia Line. The lack of a local Country FM radio station prompted the format change.

Former Logos

References

External links
New Country 92-3

Frk
Frk
Frk
Category:Radio stations established in 2005
Category:2005 establishments in New Brunswick


Rhagonycha campestris

Rhagonycha campestris is a species of soldier beetles in the family Cantharidae. It is found in North America.

References

 Delkeskamp, Kurt (1977). "Cantharidae". Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa, pars 165, fasc. 1, 485.

Further reading

 Arnett, R.H. Jr., M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley and J. H. Frank. (eds.). (2002). American Beetles, Volume II: Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
 Arnett, Ross H. (2000). American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico. CRC Press.
 Richard E. White. (1983). Peterson Field Guides: Beetles. Houghton Mifflin Company.

Category:Cantharidae
Category:Beetles described in 1941


Porsuk I dam

REDIRECT Porsuk Dam


Ulf Kristiansen

Ulf Kristiansen (born March 311, 1969) is a Norwegian painter and video-artist. He is currently living at Nesodden, Norway. While starting out as a figurative artist, Kristiansen is now mainly focusing on 3d animation and machinima.

Filmography
The Art Reception (2006) 11 min, machinima animation
The Doctrine of Hell (2006) 20 min, machinima animation
What I learned in 2006 (2007) 3 min, machinima animation
Mechanic mix (2007) music video (Selfish Cunt)
Tamin Sah Pade (2007) music video (Fiona Soe Paing)
She Burns (2008) music video (Ashley Reaks)
The Abyss (2008) 8 min, machinima animation, animation and "found footage"
My Little Ponygirl (2009), 3d animation, "found footage"
The Tiger and the Lamb (2009), 3d animation

External links
 Artist´s webpage
 Hd fest, Los Angeles
 Saatchi Gallery

Sources
 Hd fest, Los Angeles
 AFH Gallery, Los Angeles
 Dagsavisen
 Aftenposten
 Dagbladet

Category:1969 births
Category:Machinima
Category:20th-century Norwegian painters
Category:21st-century Norwegian painters
Category:Figurative art
Category:Living people
Category:Video artists


Simon Bækgaard

Simon Bækgaard  (born 14 October 1999) is a Danish professional football player who plays for Aarhus Fremad on loan from Esbjerg fB in the Danish Superliga.

Career

Esbjerg fB
Bækgaard joined Esbjerg fB as a youth player from Spangsbjerg IF.

On 3 September 2017, Bækgaard got his official debut for Esbjerg in a Danish 1st Division game against Fremad Amager, where he played 62 minutes. In October 2017 Bækgaard got his contract extended once again, this time until June 2021, having already signed a 1-year contract thee months earlier. He played two league games in total in the 2017/18 season.

Bækgaard was permanently promoted into the first team squad from the 2018/19 season. In September 2018, Bækgaard scored a hattrick in the second round of the Danish Cup against Hørsholm IK. On 7 November 2018, Bækgaard appeared as a substitute against fellow Superliga club SønderjyskE Fodbold in the Danish Cup. Bækgaard ended the 2018/19 season playing three games in the Danish Cup and one game in the Danish Superliga.

Bækgaar didn't play any games for Esbjerg in the 2019-20 season and was therefore loaned out to Danish 2nd Division club Aarhus Fremad on 31 January 2020 for the rest of the season.

References

External links

Simon Bækgaard at Esbjerg fB's website

Category:1999 births
Category:Living people
Category:Danish footballers
Category:Esbjerg fB players
Category:Aarhus Fremad players
Category:Danish 1st Division players
Category:Danish Superliga players
Category:Association football midfielders


Kong thom

The kong thom (Khmer: គងធំ) is Cambodian musical instrument, a hanging gong. The name may also refer to the kong von thom, a set of gong chimes arranged in a circular frame.

References

External links
Picture of Kong thom as a single gong
Band playing with a kong thom as part of percussion.
Picture of a Kong thom as a set of gong chimes

Category:Cambodian musical instruments
Category:Gongs
Category:Percussion instruments


Myron Rush

Myron Rush (January 1, 1922 – January 8, 2018) was an American academic. He was a professor of government at Cornell University, and "one of world’s foremost Kremlinologists."

Rush obtained his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago after attending Woodrow Wilson Junior College and served in the United States Army Air Forces, then returned to Chicago for his doctorate. Subsequently, Rush worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the RAND Corporation before joining the Cornell University faculty in 1965. Rush retired in 1992.

Rush was noted for discovering that Nikita Khrushchev was making a push to be General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, following Joseph Stalin's death in 1953.

References

Category:1922 births
Category:2018 deaths
Category:Cornell University faculty
Category:People from Hyde Park, New York
Category:People of the Central Intelligence Agency
Category:RAND Corporation people
Category:United States Army Air Forces personnel
Category:University of Chicago alumni


Crop circle

A crop circle, crop formation, or corn circle is a pattern created by flattening a crop, usually a cereal. The term was first coined in the early 1980s by Colin Andrews. Crop circles have been described as all falling "within the range of the sort of thing done in hoaxes" by Taner Edis, professor of physics at Truman State University. Although obscure natural causes or alien origins of crop circles are suggested by fringe theorists, there is no scientific evidence for such explanations, and all crop circles are consistent with human causation.

The number of crop circles has substantially increased from the 1970s to current times. There has been little scientific study of them. Circles in the United Kingdom are not distributed randomly across the landscape but appear near roads, areas of medium to dense population and cultural heritage monuments, such as Stonehenge or Avebury. In 1991, two hoaxers, Bower and Chorley, took credit for having created many circles throughout England after one of their circles was described by a circle investigator as impossible to be made by human hand.

Formations are usually created overnight, although some are reported to have appeared during the day. In contrast to crop circles or crop formations, archaeological remains can cause cropmarks in the fields in the shapes of circles and squares, but they do not appear overnight, and they are always in the same places every year. Nearly half of all crop circles found in the UK in 2003 were located within a 15 km radius of the Avebury stone circles.

History

The concept of "crop circles" began with the original late-1970s hoaxes by Doug Bower and Dave Chorley (see Bower and Chorley, below). They said that they were inspired by the Tully "saucer nest" case in Australia, where a farmer claimed to first have seen a UFO, then found a flattened circle of swamp reeds.

Before the 20th century

A 1678 news pamphlet The Mowing-Devil: or, Strange News Out of Hartfordshire is claimed by some crop circle devotees to be the first depiction of a crop circle. Crop circle researcher Jim Schnabel does not consider it to be a historical precedent because it describes the stalks as being cut rather than bent (see folklore section).

In 1686, British naturalist Robert Plot reported on rings or arcs of mushrooms (see fairy rings) in The Natural History of Stafford-Shire and proposed air flows from the sky as a cause. In 1991 meteorologist Terence Meaden linked this report with modern crop circles, a claim that has been compared with those made by Erich von Däniken.

An 1880 letter to the editor of Nature by amateur scientist John Rand Capron describes how a recent storm had created several circles of flattened crops in a field.

20th century
In 1932, archaeologist E. C. Curwen observed four dark rings in a field at Stoughton Down near Chichester, but could examine only one: "a circle in which the barley was 'lodged' or beaten down, while the interior area was very slightly mounded up."

In 1963, amateur astronomer Patrick Moore described a crater in a potato field in Wiltshire, which he considered was probably caused by an unknown meteoric body. In nearby wheat fields, there were several circular and elliptical areas where the wheat had been flattened. There was evidence of "spiral flattening". He thought they could be caused by air currents from the impact, since they led towards the crater. Astronomer Hugh Ernest Butler observed similar craters and said they were likely caused by lightning strikes.

In the 1960s, in Tully, Queensland, Australia, and in Canada, there were many reports of UFO sightings and circular formations in swamp reeds and sugar cane fields. For example, on 8 August 1967, three circles were found in a field in Duhamel, Alberta, Canada; Department of National Defence investigators concluded that it was artificial but couldn't say who made them or how. The most famous case is the 1966 Tully "saucer nest", when a farmer said he witnessed a saucer-shaped craft rise 30 or  from a swamp and then fly away. On investigating he found a nearly circular area 32 feet long by 25 feet wide where the grass was flattened in clockwise curves to water level within the circle, and the reeds had been uprooted from the mud. The local police officer, the Royal Australian Air Force, and the University of Queensland concluded that it was most probably caused by natural causes, like a down draught, a willy-willy (dust devil), or a waterspout. In 1973, G.J. Odgers, Director of Public Relations, Department of Defence (Air Office), wrote to a journalist that the "saucer" was probably debris lifted by the causing willy-willy. Hoaxers Bower and Chorley said they were inspired by this case to start making the modern crop circles that appear today.

The first film to depict a geometric crop circle, in this case created by super-intelligent ants, is Phase IV in 1974. The film has been cited as a possible inspiration or influence on the pranksters who started this phenomenon.

Since the 1960s, there had been a surge of UFOlogists in Wiltshire, and there were rumours of "saucer nests" appearing in the area, but they were never photographed. There are other pre-1970s reports of circular formations, especially in Australia and Canada, but they were always simple circles, which could have been caused by whirlwinds. In Fortean Times David Wood reported that in 1940 he had already made crop circles near Gloucestershire using ropes. In 1997, the Oxford English Dictionary recorded the earliest usage of the term "crop circles" in a 1988 issue of Journal of Meteorology, referring to a BBC film. The coining of the term "crop circle" is attributed to Colin Andrews in the late 1970s or early 1980s.

The majority of reports of crop circles have appeared in and spread since the late 1970s as many circles began appearing throughout the English countryside. This phenomenon became widely known in the late 1980s, after the media started to report crop circles in Hampshire and Wiltshire. After Bower's and Chorley's 1991 statement that they were responsible for many of them, circles started appearing all over the world. To date, approximately 10,000 crop circles have been reported internationally, from locations such as the former Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, Japan, the U.S., and Canada. Sceptics note a correlation between crop circles, recent media coverage, and the absence of fencing and/or anti-trespassing legislation.

Although farmers expressed concern at the damage caused to their crops, local response to the appearance of crop circles was often enthusiastic, with locals taking advantage of the increase of tourism and visits from scientists, crop circle researchers, and individuals seeking spiritual experiences. The market for crop-circle interest consequently generated bus or helicopter tours of circle sites, walking tours, T-shirts, and book sales.

21st century
Since the start of the 21st century, crop formations have increased in size and complexity, with some featuring as many as 2,000 different shapes and some incorporating complex mathematical and scientific characteristics.

The researcher Jeremy Northcote found that crop circles in the UK in 2002 were not spread randomly across the landscape. They tended to appear near roads, areas of medium-to-dense population, and cultural heritage monuments such as Stonehenge or Avebury. He found that they always appeared in areas that were easy to access. This suggests strongly that these crop circles were more likely to be caused by intentional human action than by paranormal activity. Another strong indication of that theory was that inhabitants of the zone with the most circles had a historical tendency for making large-scale formations, including stone circles such as Stonehenge, burial mounds such as Silbury Hill, long barrows such as West Kennet Long Barrow, and white horses in chalk hills.

Bower and Chorley
In 1991, self-professed pranksters Doug Bower and Dave Chorley made headlines claiming it was they who started the phenomenon in 1978 with the use of simple tools consisting of a plank of wood, rope, and a baseball cap fitted with a loop of wire to help them walk in a straight line. To prove their case they made a circle in front of journalists; a "cereologist" (advocate of paranormal explanations of crop circles), Pat Delgado, examined the circle and declared it authentic before it was revealed that it was a hoax. Inspired by Australian crop circle accounts from 1966, Bower and Chorley claimed to be responsible for all circles made prior to 1987, and for more than 200 crop circles in 1978–1991 (with 1,000 other circles not being made by them). After their announcement, the two men demonstrated making a crop circle. According to Professor Richard Taylor, "the pictographs they created inspired a second wave of crop artists. Far from fizzling out, crop circles have evolved into an international phenomenon, with hundreds of sophisticated pictographs now appearing annually around the globe."

Smithsonian magazine wrote:

Since Bower and Chorley’s circles appeared, the geometric designs have escalated in scale and complexity, as each year teams of anonymous circle-makers lay honey traps for New Age tourists.

Art and business

Since the early 1990s, the UK arts collective Circlemakers, founded by artists Rod Dickinson and John Lundberg (and subsequently including artists Wil Russell and Rob Irving), have been creating crop circles in the UK and around the world as part of their art practice and for commercial clients.

The Led Zeppelin boxed set that was released on 7 September 1990, along with the remasters of the first boxed set, as well as the second boxed set, all feature an image of a crop circle that appeared in East Field in Alton Barnes, Wiltshire.

On the night of 11–12 July 1992, a crop-circle making competition with a prize of £3,000 (funded in part by the Arthur Koestler Foundation) was held in Berkshire. The winning entry was produced by three Westland Helicopters engineers, using rope, PVC pipe, a plank, string, a telescopic device and two stepladders. According to Rupert Sheldrake, the competition was organised by him and John Michell and "co-sponsored by The Guardian and The Cerealogist". The prize money came from PM, a German magazine. Sheldrake wrote that "The experiment was conclusive. Humans could indeed make all the features of state-of-the-art crop formations at that time. Eleven of the twelve teams made more or less impressive formations that followed the set design."

In 2002, Discovery Channel commissioned five aeronautics and astronautics graduate students from MIT to create crop circles of their own, aiming to duplicate some of the features claimed to distinguish "real" crop circles from the known fakes such as those created by Bower and Chorley. The creation of the circle was recorded and used in the Discovery Channel documentary Crop Circles: Mysteries in the Fields.

In 2009, The Guardian reported that crop circle activity had been waning around Wiltshire, in part because makers preferred creating promotional crop circles for companies that paid well for their efforts.

A video sequence used in connection with the opening of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London showed two crop circles in the shape of the Olympic rings.  Another Olympic crop circle was visible to passengers landing at nearby Heathrow Airport before and during the Games.

A  crop circle depicting the emblem of the Star Wars Rebel Alliance was created in California in December 2017 by an 11-year-old boy as a spaceport for X-wing fighters.

Legal implications
In 1992, Hungarian youths Gábor Takács and Róbert Dallos, both then 17, were the first people to face legal action after creating a crop circle. Takács and Dallos, of the St. Stephen Agricultural Technicum, a high school in Hungary specializing in agriculture, created a  diameter crop circle in a wheat field near Székesfehérvár,  southwest of Budapest, on June 8, 1992. On September 3, the pair appeared on Hungarian TV and exposed the circle as a hoax, showing photos of the field before and after the circle was made. As a result, Aranykalász Co., the owners of the land, sued the teens for 630,000 Ft (~$3,000 USD) in damages. The presiding judge ruled that the students were only responsible for the damage caused in the circle itself, amounting to about 6,000 Ft (~$30 USD), and that 99% of the damage to the crops was caused by the thousands of visitors who flocked to Székesfehérvár following the media's promotion of the circle. The fine was eventually paid by the TV show, as were the students' legal fees.

In 2000, Matthew Williams became the first man in the UK to be arrested for causing criminal damage after making a crop circle near Devizes. In November 2000, he was fined £100 and £40 in costs. , no one else has been successfully prosecuted in the UK for criminal damage caused by creating crop circles.

Creation

The scientific consensus on crop circles is that they are constructed by human beings as hoaxes, advertising, or art. The most widely known method for a person or group to construct a crop formation is to tie one end of a rope to an anchor point and the other end to a board which is used to crush the plants. Sceptics of the paranormal point out that all characteristics of crop circles are fully compatible with their being made by hoaxers.

Bower and Chorley confessed in 1991 to making the first crop circles in southern England. When some people refused to believe them, they deliberately added straight lines and squares to show that they could not have natural causes. In a copycat effect, increasingly complex circles started appearing in many countries around the world, including fractal figures. Physicists have suggested that the most complex formations might be made with the help of GPS and lasers. In 2009, a circle formation was made over the course of three consecutive nights and was apparently left unfinished, with some half-made circles.

The main criticism of alleged non-human creation of crop circles is that while evidence of these origins, besides eyewitness testimonies, is essentially absent, some are definitely known to be the work of human pranksters, and others can be adequately explained as such. There have been cases in which researchers declared crop circles to be "the real thing", only to be confronted with the people who created the circle and documented the fraud, like Bower and Chorley and tabloid Today hoaxing Pat Delgado, the Wessex Sceptics and Channel 4's Equinox hoaxing Terence Meaden, or a friend of a Canadian farmer hoaxing a field researcher of the Canadian Crop Circle Research Network. In his 1997 book The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark, Carl Sagan concludes that crop circles were created by Bower and Chorley and their copycats, and speculates that UFOlogists willingly ignore the evidence for hoaxing so they can keep believing in an extraterrestrial origin of the circles. Many others have demonstrated how complex crop circles can be created. Scientific American published an article by Matt Ridley, who started making crop circles in northern England in 1991. He wrote about how easy it is to develop techniques using simple tools that can easily fool later observers. He reported on "expert" sources such as The Wall Street Journal, who had been easily fooled and mused about why people want to believe supernatural explanations for phenomena that are not yet explained. Methods of creating a crop circle are now well documented on the Internet.

Some crop formations are paid for by companies who use them as advertising. Many crop circles show human symbols, like the heart and arrow symbol of love, and stereotyped alien faces.

Hoaxers have been caught in the process of making new circles, such as in 2004 in the Netherlands for example (see more cases in "legal implications" section above).

Advocates of non-human causes discount on-site evidence of human involvement as attempts to discredit the phenomena. Some even argue a conspiracy theory, with governments planting evidence of hoaxing to muddle the origins of the circles. When Ridley wrote negative articles in newspapers, he was accused of spreading "government disinformation" and of working for the UK military intelligence service MI5. Ridley responded by noting that many cereologists make good livings from selling books and providing high-priced personal tours through crop fields, and he claimed that they have vested interests in rejecting what is by far the most likely explanation for the circles.

In serious science magazines from the 1980s and 1990s, for example Science Illustrated, one could read reports on that the plants were bent by something that could be microwave radiation, rather than broken as they would become by physical impact. The magazines also contained serious reports of the absence of human influence and measurement of unusual radiation. Today, this is considered to be pseudoscience, while at the time it was subject of serious research. At that time, it was also more likely that an unknown factor was behind the incidents, not least seen in light of the fact that GPS was not available to the public.

Alternative explanations

Weather
It has been suggested that crop circles may be the result of extraordinary meteorological phenomena ranging from freak tornadoes to ball lightning, but there is no evidence of any crop circle being created by any of these causes.

In 1880, an amateur scientist, John Rand Capron, wrote a letter to the editor of journal Nature about some circles in crops and blamed them on a recent storm, saying their shape was "suggestive of some cyclonic wind action".

In 1980, Terence Meaden, a meteorologist and physicist, proposed that the circles were caused by whirlwinds whose course was affected by southern England hills. As circles became more complex, Terence had to create increasingly complex theories, blaming an electromagneto-hydrodynamic "plasma vortex". The meteorological theory became popular, and it was even referenced in 1991 by physicist Stephen Hawking who said that, "Corn circles are either hoaxes or formed by vortex movement of air". The weather theory suffered a serious blow in 1991, but Hawking's point about hoaxes was supported when Bower and Chorley stated that they had been responsible for making all those circles. By the end of 1991 Meaden conceded that those circles that had complex designs were made by hoaxers.

Paranormal

Since becoming the focus of widespread media attention in the 1980s, crop circles have become the subject of speculation by various paranormal, ufological, and anomalistic investigators ranging from proposals that they were created by bizarre meteorological phenomena to messages from extraterrestrial beings. There has also been speculation that crop circles have a relation to ley lines. Many  New Age groups incorporate crop circles into their belief systems.

Some paranormal advocates think that crop circles are caused by ball lighting and that the patterns are so complex that they have to be controlled by some entity. Some proposed entities are: Gaia asking to stop global warming and human pollution, God, supernatural beings (for example Indian devas), the collective minds of humanity through a proposed "quantum field", or extraterrestrial beings.

Responding to local beliefs that "extraterrestrial beings" in UFOs were responsible for crop circles appearing, the Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) described crop circles as "man-made". Thomas Djamaluddin, research professor of astronomy and astrophysics at LAPAN stated, "We have come to agree that this 'thing' cannot be scientifically proven." Among others, paranormal enthusiasts, ufologists, and anomalistic investigators have offered hypothetical explanations that have been criticized as pseudoscientific by sceptical groups and scientists, including the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. No credible evidence of extraterrestrial origin has been presented.

Animal activity
In 2009, the attorney general for the island state of Tasmania stated that Australian wallabies had been found creating crop circles in fields of opium poppies, which are grown legally for medicinal use, after consuming some of the opiate-laden poppies and running in circles.

Changes to crops
A small number of scientists (physicist Eltjo Haselhoff, the late biophysicist William Levengood) have found differences between the crops inside the circles and outside them, citing this as evidence they were not man-made.

Levengood published papers in journal Physiologia Plantarum in 1994 and 1999. In his 1994 paper he found that certain deformities in the grain inside the circles were correlated to the position of the grain inside the circle. In 1996 sceptic Joe Nickell objected that correlation is not causation, raised several objections to Levengood's methods and assumptions, and said "Until his work is independently replicated by qualified scientists doing 'double-blind' studies and otherwise following stringent scientific protocols, there seems no need to take seriously the many dubious claims that Levengood makes, including his similar ones involving plants at alleged 'cattle mutilation' sites." (in reference to cattle mutilation).

Magnetism
In 2000, Colin Andrews, who had researched crop circles for 17 years, stated that while he believed 80% were man-made, he thought the remaining circles, with less elaborate designs, could be explained by a three-degree shift in the Earth's magnetic field, that creates a current that "electrocutes" the crops, causing them to flatten and form the circle.

Folklore
Researchers of crop circles have linked modern crop circles to old folkloric tales to support the claim that they are not artificially produced. Circle crops are culture-dependent: they appear mostly in developed and secularized Western countries where people are receptive to New Age beliefs, including Japan, but they don't appear at all in other zones, such as Muslim countries.

Fungi can cause circular areas of crop to die, probably the origin of tales of "fairie rings". Tales also mention balls of light many times but never in relation to crop circles.

A 17th-century English woodcut called the Mowing-Devil depicts the devil with a scythe mowing (cutting) a circular design in a field of oats. The pamphlet containing the image states that the farmer, disgusted at the wage his mower was demanding for his work, insisted that he would rather have "the devil himself" perform the task.  Crop circle researcher Jim Schnabel does not consider this to be a historical precedent for crop circles because the stalks were cut down, not bent. The circular form indicated to the farmer that it had been caused by the devil.

In the 1948 German story Die zwölf Schwäne (The Twelve Swans), a farmer every morning found a circular ring of flattened grain on his field. After several attempts, his son saw twelve princesses disguised as swans, who took off their disguises and danced in the field. Crop rings produced by fungi may have inspired such tales since folklore holds these rings are created by dancing wolves or fairies.

See also
 Geoglyph
 Gerald Hawkins
 Land art
 List of hoaxes
 List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
 Nazca Lines
 Rice paddy art
 Viking ring fortress

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

  Website with pictures, since 1994, of crop circles in the UK.

Category:Circles
Category:Earth mysteries
Category:Forteana
Category:Land art
Category:Paranormal hoaxes
Category:Pseudoscience
Category:UFO hoaxes
Category:UFO-related phenomena
Category:Vandalism


Anton Tideman

Anton Tideman (born 2 September 1992) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Trelleborgs FF.

Career
Tideman started playing football in Laholms FK at the age of 4. He made his debut for the first team at the age of 16 in the Swedish 2nd Division. In 2011, he then joined Halmstads BK. He was the team captain of the club's U21 team in 2012.

References

External links

Category:Swedish footballers
Category:1992 births
Category:Living people
Category:Allsvenskan players
Category:Superettan players
Category:Halmstads BK players
Category:IK Oddevold players
Category:Ljungskile SK players
Category:Varbergs BoIS players
Category:Trelleborgs FF players
Category:Association football defenders


Danny Sanderson

Danny Sanderson (; born November 30, 1950) is an Israeli musician, singer-songwriter and guitarist. In 2005, Sanderson received a lifetime achievement award for his contribution to Israeli music.

Biography
Danny Sanderson was born on Kibbutz Kfar Blum, to parents who had recently made aliyah from the US. The family eventually moved to Haifa.
In 1960 he was relocated by his family to New York City, due to his father's appointment as director of El Al's North America department in New York City.

He attended the famed High School of Music and Art, in New York City. In 1965, at the age of 15, he started his first band, and at that time wrote his first popular song.

In April 1978, he married Neomi.

Music career
In 1971, after his release from the Israel Defense Forces, Sanderson played with the Schnitzelim Band. He recorded "The Left-handed Octopus" with the Egyptian-born musician Zouzou Moussa and the orchestra of Israel Radio Arabic.

After a short bout in London, Sanderson returned to Israel and founded a new band, Kaveret, with Alon Oleartchik, Ephraim Shamir, Gidi Gov, Meir Fenigstein and, later on, Yoni Rechter and Yitzhak Klepter. The band broke up in 1976.

Sanderson took a break from music to write a nonsense book (Nekhira Pumbit, נחירה פומבית, A Public Snore), musically produced a stand-up/music show for Yehonatan Geffen. He went on to create another band called Gazoz, which produced two albums, and Doda (דודה, Aunt), which had a heavier rock sound.

Sanderson rebounded with his first solo album and solo show, and went on to create two other albums and solo shows in 1984 and 1987. His next album, Kofetz Leshni'ya (קופץ לשנייה, Just popped in for a second) from 1991 was a more mature and musically sophisticated achievement but less commercially successful than his solo albums. The Israeli audience, enamored with Sanderson's blend of humor, jokes and lighthearted music, was willing to accept Sanderson's brilliant music only when masqueraded as 'simple pop', but was much less enthusiastic about more earnest musical attempts.

Sanderson made two more albums in the 1990s, then an album of his songs sung by others (2001) and a melancholy album (2006) called Congo Blue (קונגו בלו), which coincided with the death of his wife, Neomi. Sanderson also released several compilation albums and participated in two albums commemorating reunion shows of Kaveret.

In 2007, famed Israeli punk rock singer and bassist Yotam Ben-Horin (of Useless ID) started touring with Sanderson as a touring bassist. He has since also become a session bassist for Sanderson and an official member of his solo band. In 2009, Ben-Horin sang on one of the new tracks on Sanderson's upcoming album Lo Yafrid Davar (לא יפריד דבר, "Nothing Will Separate [Us]"). In 2017 Sanderson released his new album Mikan Haderech (מכאן הדרך , From here the road).

Discography

Studio albums
Begodel Tiv'i (בגודל טבעי, In natural size) (1982)
Haf Mi'pesha (חף מפשע, Not Guilty) (1984)
Hacham al Ktanim (חכם על קטנים, Smart ass) (1987)
Kofetz Leshni'ya (קופץ לשנייה, Just popped for a second) (1991)
Met Livkot 2 (מת לבכות 2, Dying to cry) (1994)
Ha'lo Noda (הלא נודע, The Unknown) (1997)
Congo Blue (קונגו בלו, Congo Blue) (2005)
Lo Yafrid Davar (לא יפריד דבר, Nothing Will Separate) (2009)
Mikan Haderech (מכאן הדרך , From here the road) (2017)

Live albums
Black&White (2004)

Compilation albums
Ha'tovim le Tayis - Nivheret Shirim (הטובים לטייס – נבחרת שירים, The Best for flying) (1992)
Ha'meitav (המיטב, The Best) (2006)

See also
Music of Israel
Culture of Israel

References

External links

 Danny Sanderson's biography in English on his official site

Category:1950 births
Category:Living people
Category:Israeli male singers
Category:Israeli pop singers
Category:Israeli rock singers
Category:Israeli singer-songwriters
Category:Kaveret
Category:Israeli singers
Category:Israeli male singer-songwriters
Category:The High School of Music & Art alumni
Category:Israeli people of American-Jewish descent
Category:Israeli military musicians


Jewish Communist Party of Austria

The Jewish Social Democratic Party "Poale Zion" (), later renamed Jewish Socialist Workers Party Poale Zion in German Austria (Jüdische sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Poale Zion in Deutschösterreich) and Jewish Communist Party of Austria (Jüdische Kommunistische Partei Oesterreichs), was a political party in Austria. The party published Freie Tribune 1919-1921. The party was part of the international Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion), the left wing of the Labour Zionist Poale Zion movement.

References

Category:Jewish political parties
Category:Jewish communist movements
Category:Jewish Austrian history
Category:Defunct political parties in Austria
Category:Communist parties in Austria
Category:Zionism in Austria


Just like Home

Just like Home can refer to:

 Just like Home (1978 film), a 1978 Hungarian film
 Just like Home (2007 film), a 2007 film


Rogério Sganzerla

Rogério Sganzerla (4 May 1946 — 9 January 2004) was a Brazilian filmmaker. One of the main names of the cinema marginal underground movement, his most known work is The Red Light Bandit (1968).  Influenced  by Orson Welles, Jean-Luc Godard, and José Mojica Marins, Sganzerla often used clichés from film noir and pornochanchadas. Irony, narrative subversion and collage were trademarks of his film aesthetics.

Biography
Sganzerla was born in Joaçaba, in the state of Santa Catarina. Diring the 1960 decade he wrote for the newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo as film reporter. In 1967 Sganzerla directed his first short film, Documentário. In 1968 he directed his first feature film, O Bandido da Luz Vermelha (The Red Light Bandit)

In 1970 he founded the Bel-Air film company, together with Júlio Bressane. Headed by Sganzerla, the company produced the films Copacabana Mon Amour and Sem essa, aranha (1970). In 1985 Sganzerla directs  the docufiction Nem Tudo É Verdade (It's Not All True) about Orson Welles'  arrival to Brazil to film his unfinished documentary It's All True.

Sganzerla died in 2004, of a brain tumor, shortly after finishing his last film O signo do caos.

Filmography

References

External links

 Dossiê Sganzerla at Contracampo Revista de Cinema

Category:Brazilian film directors
Category:1946 births
Category:2004 deaths


Phil Rosen

Philip E. Rosen (May 8, 1888 – October 22, 1951) was an American film director and cinematographer. He directed 142 films between 1915 and 1949.

He was born in Marienburg, German Empire (now, Malbork, Poland), grew up in Machias, Maine, and died in Hollywood, California of a heart attack. He was one of the founders of the American Society of Cinematographers. Rosen was married to model and actress Joyzelle Joyner.

Selected filmography

 The Heart of Maryland (1915)
 Sin (1915)
 Blazing Love (1916)
 Romeo and Juliet (1916)
 Her Greatest Love (1917)
 Heart and Soul (1917)
 The Spreading Dawn (1917)
 The Double Hold-Up (1919)
 The Jay Bird (1920)
 West Is Best (1920)
 Under Crimson Skies (1920)
 Roarin' Dan (1920)
 The Sheriff's Oath (1920)
 The Road to Divorce (1920)
 Are All Men Alike? (1920)
 The Path She Chose (1920)
 The Road to Divorce (1920)
 Ladies Must Live (1921)
 The Lure of Youth (1921)
 The Little Fool (1921)
 Extravagance (1921)
 Across the Continent (1922)
 The Bonded Woman (1922)
 The Young Rajah (1922)
 Handle with Care (1922)
 Abraham Lincoln (1924)
 Wandering Footsteps (1925)
 The White Monkey (1925)
 The Adorable Deceiver (1926)
 Rose of the Tenements (1926)
 A Woman's Heart (1926)
 California or Bust (1927)
 The Cancelled Debt (1927)
 Closed Gates (1927)
 The Woman Who Did Not Care (1927)
 Stolen Pleasures (1927)
 In the First Degree (1927)
 Pretty Clothes (1927)
 Stranded (1927)
 Undressed (1928)
 Burning Up Broadway (1928)
 The Apache (1928)
 Modern Mothers (1928)
 The Phantom in the House (1929)
 The Faker (1929)
 The Rampant Age (1930)
 Second Honeymoon (1930)
 Alias – the Bad Man (1931)
 The Pocatello Kid (1931)
 Two Gun Man (1931)
 Self Defense (1932)
 Young Blood (1932)
 Whistlin' Dan (1932)
 The Gay Buckaroo (1932)
 A Man's Land (1932)
 Devil's Mate (1933) remade by Rosen as I Killed That Man (1941)
 The Sphinx (1933) remade by Rosen as Phantom Killer (1942)
 Shadows of Sing Sing (1933)
 Hold the Press (1933)
 Black Beauty (1933)
 A Lost Lady (1934)
 Little Men (1934)
 Forbidden Territory (1934)
 Take the Stand (1934)
 Beggars in Ermine (1934)
 Dangerous Corner (1934)
 The Unwelcome Stranger (1935)
 Ellis Island (1936)
 Three of a Kind (1936)
 Roaring Timber (1937)
 The Marines Are Here (1938)
 Missing Evidence (1939)
 Ex-Champ (1939)
 Queen of the Yukon (1940)
 Phantom of Chinatown (1940)
 The Deadly Game (1941)
 Spooks Run Wild (1941)
 Roar of the Press (1941)
 Paper Bullets (1941)
 The Mystery of Marie Roget (1942)
 A Gentle Gangster (1943)
 Charlie Chan in the Secret Service (1944)
 Charlie Chan in The Chinese Cat (1944)
 Charlie Chan in Black Magic (1944)
 Charlie Chan in Red Dragon (1945)
 Charlie Chan in the Scarlet Clue (1945)
 Charlie Chan in the Jade Mask (1945)
 Captain Tugboat Annie (1945)
 In Old New Mexico  (1945)
 The Shadow Returns (1946)
 The Strange Mr. Gregory (1946)
 The Secret of St. Ives'' (1949)

References

External links

Category:1888 births
Category:1951 deaths
Category:People from Malbork
Category:People from West Prussia
Category:German emigrants to the United States
Category:American cinematographers
Category:People from Machias, Maine
Category:Film directors from Maine


Woodridge

Woodridge may refer to:

Australia
Woodridge, Queensland, a suburb of Brisbane
 Electoral district of Woodridge, Queensland, Australia
Woodridge, Western Australia, a town near Perth

Canada
Woodridge, Manitoba

New Zealand
Woodridge, New Zealand, a suburb of Wellington City

South Africa
Woodridge Schools, Port Elizabeth

United States
Woodridge, Illinois
Wood-Ridge, New Jersey
Woodridge, New York
Woodridge, North Dakota
Woodridge, Washington, D.C., a neighborhood
Woodridge (Wheeling, West Virginia), a historic house

See also
Woodbridge (disambiguation)


Stumptown (comics)

Stumptown is an American comic book limited series and later ongoing, written by Greg Rucka with art by Matthew Southworth. The first series launched by Oni Press on November 4, 2009 and ran for four issues. A second miniseries began in September 2012 and ran for five issues and a third volume, this time ongoing, began in September 2014.

The comic book is a modern-day detective fiction series based in Portland, Oregon, featuring Dex Parios, a bisexual female private investigator with a gambling problem.

Plot
The first series begins in medias res with Dex's attempted murder and then showing the events leading up to this as she attempts to track down the granddaughter of a casino owner, who has promised to forgive Dex's heavy debt to the casino from her gambling losses in exchange for the girl's safe return.

Influences
In an iFanboy podcast, Rucka says he was going to write his college thesis on the American Detective genre. He cites authors such as Dennis Lehane, Robert B. Parker, Raymond Chandler as influences in the creation of his character, Dex Parios.  He also credits television shows of his youth such as Magnum, P.I., Simon and Simon, and The Rockford Files.

Reception
Oni Press announced that in less than one week, the first issue sold out at the distributor level. The first volume was nominated for the 2011 Eisner Award for Best Limited Series.

Collected editions

Adaptation

On January 29, 2019, it was announced that ABC had ordered a pilot based on the graphic novels. A month later on February 25, Cobie Smulders was cast in the lead role as Dex Parios. The series debuted on ABC September 25, 2019.

Notes

References

External links
Official series website

Category:Portland, Oregon in fiction
Category:Comics by Greg Rucka
Category:Comics adapted into television series


1868 Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district special election

REDIRECT 1868 and 1869 United States House of Representatives elections#Special elections
Pennsylvania 1868 20
Pennsylvania 1868 20
1868 20 Special
Pennsylvania 20 Special
United States House of Representatives 20 Special
United States House of Representatives 1868 20


Bulbophyllum elegans

Bulbophyllum elegans is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

See also
 List of Bulbophyllum species

References

 The Bulbophyllum-Checklist
 The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia

External links

elegans
Category:Plants described in 1864


Kayla Williams (author)

Kayla Williams is a linguist and former intelligence specialist in the United States Army who wrote her experiences of the 2003 Iraq invasion in her book Love My Rifle More Than You. This book details her personal experiences during the war in Iraq.

Background
Kayla Williams was born to R. Darby Williams and Norma Jane (Spirit) Williams on September 14, 1976 in Columbus, Ohio. Her father was a "former pot smoker with anger-management problems" and her mother was a "Republican with an anti-authoritarian streak". Williams' parents divorced a year or so after she was born, and she was raised by her mother. She got to travel around much of the United States with her family and also had the chance to go to France.

Williams attended Learning Unlimited and Ecole Francaise for elementary and middle school and then attended Fort Hayes High School. She was a relatively happy child until high school where she joined the "punk" scene. Williams grew up without much money, so she "saw the disparity between the rich and the poor". She felt like an outsider, and the punk scene was a way of choosing to reject society instead of letting it reject her. Also, she enjoyed the music the punk scene offered because it made her feel "cool".

Williams graduated cum laude from Bowling Green State University in 1997 with a BA in English Literature, and she just recently earned an MA in International Relations at American University.

Following her undergraduate degree, Williams worked for Infinite Outsource in Tampa, Florida, a fund raising collective funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.  In October 1999, "a personality conflict with a new female superior" got her fired from this job.

Invasion of Iraq
In January 2000, Williams enlisted in the U.S. Army to train as an interpreter. She was an Arabic linguist/interpreter and SIGINT operations specialist. At the time of the September 11 attacks, Kayla Williams was studying Arabic within the Army. Although she did not support the invasion of Iraq, she took part in one of the earliest invasions in March 2003. Kayla Williams was an Arabic Linguist as well as a SIGINT operations specialist for 5 full years. This includes a full year of deployment (2003/2004) in SWA (Iraq & Kuwait) during the buildup to and during the invasion of Iraq. She continued to serve in Iraq until February 2004. She served in the 101st ABN Div (Air Assault), 3rd BCT, (187th Inf Regt) "Rakkasans".

Kayla Williams did not support the war in Iraq when they invaded. She says it seemed hypocritical to go to Iraq in search of Weapons of Mass Destruction while ignoring North Korea's nuclear program. She also believed that they were losing their focus on the real war on terror by invading Iraq instead of finishing the mission in Afghanistan. But after going to Iraq and meeting Iraqi people, she began to feel that they were doing the right thing even if it had been for the wrong reason.

However, her book details not only the hardships of the Iraqi people, but the soldiers themselves. She also spoke to Soledad O'Brien on CNN about the suicide of her colleague Alyssa Peterson and explained how she was also forced to take part in torture interrogations during which detainees were assaulted, stripped, blindfolded, and then confronted with a female interrogator. Williams also said she is still haunted by these events years later.

Bibliography

See also
Colby Buzzell

References

External links

 What's up at the VA - Time magazine article regarding the disability claims backlog at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (published 22 April 2013).
"Fresh Air with Terry Gross - NPR Interview with Kayla Williams", first broadcast Aug. 25, 2005
 "U.S. soldier chronicles abuse, hard times in Iraq", Reuters, August 17, 2005
 [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2006/02/19/bowil12.xml&sSheet=/arts/2006/02/19/bomain.html"A woman and a soldier"], book review at Telegraph.co.uk
 "My life as a bitch", book review by Carole Cadwalladr,  The Observer
 "Chicks with guns", book review by Debra Dickerson, Salon
 Video interview, "Hard Talk", BBC
 Debra, Ginsberg. "Kayla Williams' 'Love My Rifle More Than You' is a rough look at a rough woman soldier's lot in Iraq".The San Diego Union Tribune. 2005. 9 October

Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:21st-century American women writers
Category:American memoirists
Category:American military writers
Category:Bowling Green State University alumni
Category:Defense Language Institute alumni
Category:United States Army soldiers
Category:Women in the Iraq War
Category:Women in the United States Army
Category:Women memoirists
Category:Women military writers
Category:American women non-fiction writers
Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers


61st Cavalry (India)

The 61st Cavalry Regiment of the Indian Army is a horse-mounted unit of the modern Indian Army. Although believed to be the largest operational mounted cavalry unit remaining in existence, the regiment primarily performs a ceremonial role.

History
At the time of Indian Independence in 1947, the only mounted cavalry remaining in service were the President's (formerly Viceroy's) Body Guard and several units that had formed part of the Imperial Service State Forces, provided by the Indian Princely States.  Upon the integration of the State Forces into the regular Indian Army in 1951, the remaining horsed cavalry units were reorganized and reconstituted into the Gwalior Lancers, the Jodhpur/Kachhawa Horse, the Mysore Lancers, and B Squadron, 2nd Patiala Lancers. In May 1953 it was decided to amalgamate these separate horsed cavalry units into a single regiment. On 1 October 1953 the "New Horsed Cavalry Regiment" was established at Gwalior, with Lt. Col. Phulel Singh of the Jammu and Kashmir State Forces as its first Commandant.  The new regiment was re-designated as the "61st Cavalry" in January 1954.

Modern role
Today the 61st Cavalry is one of the limited number of unmechanised mounted cavalry regiments in the world, alongside such units as the  Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment and the 11th Cavalry Regiment of the Moscow Military District. While a number of armies still maintain mounted units these are generally intended for parade and other ceremonial purposes. The Army of the People's Republic of China maintains operational mounted cavalry for frontier duties but these are believed to be of only squadron size.

While primarily employed on ceremonial occasions, the 61st Cavalry Regiment can be deployed for internal security or police roles if required. The last publicized occasion on which the regiment saw active military service was when it undertook mounted patrol work during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. On Republic Day each year the 61st Cavalry and the President's Body Guard parade in full dress uniform in New Delhi, in what is probably the largest assemblage of traditional cavalry still to be seen in the world.

Recruitment
The regiment recruits Rajputs, Marathas and Kaimkhanis in equal numbers. This ratio was established on Prime Minister Jawarharalal Nehru's instructions.

Sports
The regiment has a strong polo playing tradition, producing some of India's best polo players. Members of the regiment have won 11 Arjuna award – India's highest award for outstanding sportsmen – five times for polo and six times for equestrian events.

Notable servicemen
Captain Manjinder Singh Bhinder died off-duty in Delhi's Uphaar cinema fire tragedy in 1997 while attempting to guide theatre-goers to safety.

Colonel Ravi Rathore is a notable Indian polo player and an Arjuna Awardee . He is a Colonel and Commandant of the 61st Cavalry Regiment of the Indian Army, and also holds the appointment of Honorary secretary of the Indian Polo Association (IPA). Ravi Rathore is also the highest handicapped polo player in the Indian Army.[1] He has been an integral part of been part of the Indian Polo team for five consecutive World cup championships and won two golds in 2011 and 2017.ref></ref>

References

External links
 61st Cavalry at IndiaPolo.com

Category:Armoured and cavalry regiments of the Indian Army from 1947


Herbert Doussant

Herbert Doussant (born September 7, 1931, New York, New York - died October 29, 2018 in New York, New York) was an American operatic tenor. He sang at major opera houses in Europe and the Americas, appearing in a wide variety of roles from the Italian and German repertoires that ranged from the lyric to the dramatic.

Career

He was originally an insurance agent. He then studied with Douglas Stanley and Paul Weiner in New York, went to Europe and debuted in 1958 at the Municipal Theater of Mainz as Walther von Stolzing in 'Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg'. He remained there until 1960 and then sang at the Stadttheater in Kiel from 1960–63, and at the Stadttheater in Krefeld from 1966-69. He has performed at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein Duesseldorf-Duisburg, at the State Opera of Munich, in Cologne, Nuremberg, Essen, Frankfurt am Main, Hannover, Mannheim and Wiesbaden. In 1961 he worked at the Stadttheater of Kiel in the world premiere of the opera 'Faust III' by Bentzon. He also appeared in Liege, Athens, Bologna and Turin, at the Komische Oper Berlin, in Barcelona, Philadelphia, Honolulu and San Antonio (Texas). In 1964 he appeared in Mexico City as Herod in 'Salome' by R.Straus, 1976 and 1979 at the Opera of Houston / Texas as Othello by Verdi. In his repertoire for the stage were in the first place parts of the heroic tenor subject, including Wagner heroes.
His voice has been described as 'pliant and strong' and 'his sense of the theatric keen'.

Notable Recordings

Wagner: Das Rheingold / Hans Swarowsky, Profil (2013)

References

Category:1931 births
Category:American operatic tenors
Category:Living people
Category:20th-century opera singers
Category:Singers from New York City
Category:Classical musicians from New York (state)
Category:20th-century male singers


Máté Tóth (footballer, born 1991)

Máté Tóth (born 22 January 1991 in Budapest) is a Hungarian football player who  plays for Vasas SC. From 2012 Augustus played for REAC Budapest.

Career
Starting out with Budapest outfit III. Kerületi TUE, he moved on to Sheffield United’s link club Ferencvárosi TC and then made a switch to their arch rivals Újpest FC. Máté’s talents then saw him transferred to Italian side Empoli F.C., but he failed to settle and switched back to his home land in July with Győri. Moment Club is REAC (Rákospalotai Egyettértés Atlétikai Club, Budapest ) - middle defender.

At 188 cm he is an imposing prospect but also blessed with all the qualities of a modern-day defender. The Hungary under 19 International is an A.C. Milan supporter, and lists Rossoneri stalwart Alessandro Nesta as his idol. Tottenham Hotspur F.C. are also said to be keen to have a look at Máté, but Steve Rowley brokered a deal first.

References
http://www.eto.hu/

Category:1991 births
Category:Living people
Category:Hungarian footballers
Category:Győri ETO FC players
Category:Rákospalotai EAC footballers
Category:FC Hradec Králové players
Category:Vasas FC players
Category:BKV Előre SC footballers
Category:Soproni VSE players
Category:Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Category:Hungarian expatriate footballers
Category:Expatriate footballers in Italy
Category:Expatriate footballers in the Czech Republic
Category:Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Category:Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in the Czech Republic
Category:Association football central defenders


Alessandro De Vitis

Alessandro De Vitis (born 15 February 1992) is an Italian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Pisa. His father is the Italian striker Antonio De Vitis.

Club career
On 21 August 2009, De Vitis moved from Fiorentina to Parma on a permanent deal. He played two seasons with Parma's youth team before he was loaned to Serie B side Modena in the summer of 2011. He made 24 league appearances in the 42-match season, but completed 90 minutes just twice and 14 of the 24 were from the bench.

The following year, he was loaned out to a Serie B side with better promotion prospects: Padova.

On 31 July 2013, De Vitis was signed by fellow Serie A club U.C. Sampdoria for €2.3 million in a 5-year contract, with Gianni Munari moved to opposite direction for €500,000.

On 2 August 2013, De Vitis was signed by Carpi F.C. 1909. On 7 August 2015 he was signed by SPAL.

International career
De Vitis has represented his country at international level for the under-16, under-17, under-18, under-19 and under-20 sides.

References

External links

Category:Living people
Category:1992 births
Category:Sportspeople from Verona
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Italian footballers
Category:Italy youth international footballers
Category:Parma Calcio 1913 players
Category:Modena F.C. players
Category:Calcio Padova players
Category:U.C. Sampdoria players
Category:Carpi F.C. 1909 players
Category:S.P.A.L. players
Category:Latina Calcio 1932 players
Category:A.C. Pisa 1909 players
Category:Serie B players
Category:Serie C players


Dan Monahan

Dan Monahan (born July 20, 1955) is an American actor, best known for his role as Edward "Pee Wee" Morris in the 1980s Porky's trilogy of teen films. He appeared in Only When I Laugh and Porky's 1981.

Early and personal life
Monahan graduated from Olmsted Falls High School in Olmsted Falls, Ohio. Then he majored in business and drama in Ohio University.

Monahan married a teacher, Sharon Killius, in September 1982, and has a daughter.

Filmography
 Paradiso Blu (1980) - Peter
 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1981) - Tom Sawyer
 Only When I Laugh (1981) - Jason
 Porky's (1981) - Edward "Pee Wee" Morris
 Porky's II: The Next Day (1983) - Edward "Pee Wee" Morris
 Up the Creek (1984) - Max
 Porky's Revenge! (1985) - Edward "Pee Wee" Morris
 From the Hip (1987) - Larry
 The Prince of Pennsylvania (1988) - Tommy Rutherford
 The Night Flier (1997) - Merton Morrison
 Shattered Illusions (1998) - Mark
 Baby Geniuses (1999) - Reporter
 Romeo and Juliet (2000) - Friar Lawrence
 Daddies' Girls (To Be Announced)

References

External links

Category:1955 births
Category:Living people
Category:American male film actors
Category:Male actors from Ohio
Category:People from Olmsted Falls, Ohio