Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, previously DEXA) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using spectral imaging. Two X-ray beams, with different energy levels, are aimed at the patient's bones. When soft tissue absorption is subtracted out, the bone mineral density (BMD) can be determined from the absorption of each beam by bone. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is the most widely used and most thoroughly studied bone density measurement technology.

The DXA scan is typically used to diagnose and follow osteoporosis, as contrasted to the nuclear bone scan, which is sensitive to certain metabolic diseases of bones in which bones are attempting to heal from infections, fractures, or tumors.

Physics
Soft tissue and bone have different attenuation coefficients to X-rays.  A single X-ray beam passing through the body will be attenuated by both soft tissue and bone, and it is not possible to determine, from a single beam, how much attenuation was attributable to the bone.  However, the attenuation coefficients vary with the energy of the X-rays, and, crucially, the ratio of the attenuation coefficients also varies.  DXA uses two energies of X-ray.  The difference in total absorption between the two can be used, by suitable weighting, to subtract out the absorption by soft tissue, leaving just the absorption by bone, which is related to bone density.

One type of DXA scanner uses a cerium filter with a tube voltage of 80 kV, resulting in effective photon energies of about 40 and 70 keV. There is also a DXA scanner type using a samarium filter with a tube voltage of 100 kV, resulting in effective energies of 47 and 80 keV. Also, the tube voltage can be continuously switched between a low (for example 70 kV) and high (for example 140 kV) value in synchronism with the
frequency of the electrical mains, resulting in effective energies alternating between 45 and 100 keV.

The combination of dual X-ray absorptiometry and laser uses the laser to measure the thickness of the region scanned, allowing for varying proportions of lean soft tissue and adipose tissue within the soft tissue to be controlled for and improving the accuracy.

Bone density measurement

Indications

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that women over the age of 65 should get a DXA scan. The date at which men should be tested is uncertain but some sources recommend age 70. At risk women should consider getting a scan when their risk is equal to that of a normal 65-year-old woman.

A person's risk can be measured using the World Health Organization's FRAX calculator, which includes many different clinical risk factors including prior fragility fracture, use of glucocorticoids, heavy smoking, excess alcohol intake, rheumatoid arthritis, history of parental hip fracture, chronic renal and liver disease, chronic respiratory disease, long-term use of phenobarbital or phenytoin, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and other risks.

Scoring

The World Health Organization has defined the following categories based on bone density in white women:

Bone densities are often given to patients as a T score or a Z score. A T score tells the patient what their bone mineral density is in comparison to a young adult of the same gender with peak bone mineral density. A normal T score is -1.0 and above, low bone density is between -1.0 and -2.5, and osteoporosis is -2.5 and lower. A Z score is just a comparison of what a patient’s bone mineral density is in comparison to the average bone mineral density of a male or female of their age and weight.

The WHO committee did not have enough data to create definitions for men or other ethnic groups.

Special considerations are involved in the use of DXA to assess bone mass in children. Specifically, comparing the bone mineral density of children to the reference data of adults (to calculate a T-score) will underestimate the BMD of children, because children have less bone mass than fully developed adults. This would lead to an over-diagnosis of osteopenia for children. To avoid an overestimation of bone mineral deficits, BMD scores are commonly compared to reference data for the same gender and age (by calculating a Z-score).

Also, there are other variables in addition to age that are suggested to confound the interpretation of BMD as measured by DXA. One important confounding variable is bone size. DXA has been shown to overestimate the bone mineral density of taller subjects and underestimate the bone mineral density of smaller subjects. This error is due to the way by which DXA calculates BMD. In DXA, bone mineral content (measured as the attenuation of the X-ray by the bones being scanned) is divided by the area (also measured by the machine) of the site being scanned.

Because DXA calculates BMD using area (aBMD: areal Bone Mineral Density), it is not an accurate measurement of true bone mineral density, which is mass divided by a volume. In order to distinguish DXA BMD from volumetric bone-mineral density, researchers sometimes refer to DXA BMD as an areal bone mineral density (aBMD). The confounding effect of differences in bone size is due to the missing depth value in the calculation of bone mineral density. Despite DXA technology's problems with estimating volume, it is still a fairly accurate measure of bone mineral content. Methods to correct for this shortcoming include the calculation of a volume that is approximated from the projected area measure by DXA. DXA BMD results adjusted in this manner are referred to as the bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) and are a ratio of the bone mineral content versus a cuboidal estimation of the volume of bone. Like the results for aBMD, BMAD results do not accurately represent true bone mineral density, since they use approximations of the bone's volume. BMAD is used primarily for research purposes and is not yet used in clinical settings.

Other imaging technologies such as quantitative computed tomography (QCT) are capable of measuring the bone's volume, and are, therefore, not susceptible to the confounding effect of bone-size in the way that DXA results are susceptible.

It is important for patients to get repeat BMD measurements done on the same machine each time, or at least a machine from the same manufacturer. Error between machines, or trying to convert measurements from one manufacturer's standard to another can introduce errors large enough to wipe out the sensitivity of the measurements.

DXA results need to be adjusted if the patient is taking strontium supplements.

Current clinical practice in pediatrics
DXA is, by far, the most widely used technique for bone measurements, since it is considered to be cheap, accessible, easy to use, and able to provide an accurate estimation of bone mineral density in adults.

The official position of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) is that a patient may be tested for BMD if he suffers from a condition that could precipitate bone loss, is going to be prescribed pharmaceuticals known to cause bone loss, or is being treated and needs to be monitored. The ISCD states that there is no clearly understood correlation between BMD and the risk of a child's suffering a fracture; the diagnosis of osteoporosis in children cannot be made using the basis of a densitometry criteria. T-scores are prohibited with children and should not even appear on DXA reports. Thus, the WHO classification of osteoporosis and osteopenia in adults cannot be applied to children, but Z-scores can be used to assist diagnosis.

Some clinics may routinely carry out DXA scans on pediatric patients with conditions such as nutritional rickets, lupus, and Turner syndrome. DXA has been demonstrated to measure skeletal maturity and body fat composition and has been used to evaluate the effects of pharmaceutical therapy. It may also aid pediatricians in diagnosing and monitoring treatment of disorders of bone mass acquisition in childhood.

However, it seems that DXA is still in its early days in pediatrics, and there are widely acknowledged limitations and disadvantages with DXA. A view exists that DXA scans for diagnostic purposes should not even be performed outside specialist centers, and, if a scan is done outside one of these centers, it should not be interpreted without consultation with an expert in the field. Furthermore, most of the pharmaceuticals given to adults with low bone mass can be given to children only in strictly monitored clinical trials.

Whole-body calcium measured by DXA has been validated in adults using in-vivo neutron activation of total body calcium but this is not suitable for paediatric subjects and studies have been carried out on paediatric-sized animals.

Body composition measurement
DXA scans can also be used to measure total body composition and fat content with a high degree of accuracy comparable to hydrostatic weighing with a few important caveats. From the DXA scans, a low resolution "fat shadow" image can also be generated, which gives an overall impression of fat distribution throughout the body While it has been suggested that, while very accurately measuring minerals and lean soft tissue (LST), DXA may provide skewed results due to its method of indirectly calculating fat mass by subtracting it from the LST and/or body cell mass (BCM) that DXA actually measures.

DXA scans have been suggested as useful tools to diagnose conditions with an abnormal fat distribution, such as familial partial lipodystrophy, but its use in this context is yet to be FDA approved. They are also used to assess adiposity in children, especially to conduct clinical research.

Radiation exposure
DXA uses X-rays to measure bone mineral density. The radiation dose of current DEXA systems is small, as low as 0.001 mSv, much less than a standard chest or dental x-ray. However, the dose delivered by older DEXA radiation sources (that used radioisotopes rather than x-ray generators) could  be as high as 35 mGy, considered a significant dose by radiological health standards.

Regulation

United States
The quality of DXA operators varies widely. DXA is not regulated like other radiation-based imaging techniques because of its low dosage. Each US state has a different policy as to what certifications are needed to operate a DXA machine. California, for example, requires coursework and a state-run test, whereas Maryland has no requirements for DXA technicians. Many states require a training course and certificate from the International Society of Clinical Densitometry (ISCD).

Australia
In Australia, regulation differs according to the applicable state or territory. For example, in Victoria, an individual performing DXA scans is required to be a qualified radiographer. This contrasts to NSW and QLD whereby a DXA technician only requires prior study in science, nursing or other related undergraduate study. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) oversees licensing of technicians, however, this is far from rigorous and regulation is non-existent.

References

External links

 Non-invasive testing of bone density explained
 Information for patients, from RSNA
 Bone Densitometry explained

Category:Radiology
Category:Medical imaging

es:Densitometría osea


Fiat 510

The Fiat 510 is a passenger car produced by Fiat between 1920 and 1925. It was of a similar design than the smaller 501 and 505 models. Starting from 1920, a sports version 510 S with a more powerful engine and shorter chassis was made. Around 14,000 examples were produced.

Engines

References
Fiat Personenwagen, by Fred Steiningen, 1994.

510

Category:Cars introduced in 1920


Lincoln Township, Pennsylvania

Lincoln Township is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania:

Lincoln Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania
Lincoln Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania
Lincoln Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania

See also
 Lincoln, Pennsylvania (disambiguation)
 Lincoln Township (disambiguation)

Category:Pennsylvania township disambiguation pages


Stephen Moreo

Stephen Moreo has been Bishop of Johannesburg since 2013.

Moreo is from North West Province and studied for the priesthood at St Paul’s Anglican seminary,  Grahamstown. He was ordained deacon in 1984 and priest in 1985. His first post was at Ikageng. After that, he held  incumbencies in Soweto.

Notes

Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:Bishops of Johannesburg


To Die For (Sam Smith album)

To Die For is the upcoming third studio album by English singer Sam Smith, scheduled to be released on 1 May 2020 through Capitol Records.

Background
In an interview with Zach Sang in October 2019, Smith confirmed that their third album would be released in 2020, and said it will feature "fewer ballads and plenty of poppier tracks" than their previous albums, which they called an "acoustic-y, soulful version of pop music". Smith went on to explain that the reception to their recent songs had "almost given me permission to kinda do what I've always dreamed of doing but I was always scared to do, which is pop music."

Smith opened a pop-up store in Soho, London named after the album in February 2020 prior to the release of the fourth single and title track.

Singles
Four official singles have been released from the album so far: "Dancing with a Stranger" with Normani, "How Do You Sleep?", "I Feel Love", Smith's cover of Donna Summer's 1977 hit single, and the title track "To Die For".

The album will also include the Calvin Harris' collaboration, "Promises", and "Fire on Fire" from the miniseries Watership Down.

Track listing
The album will feature 14 tracks. All titles aside from the six below are yet to be revealed.

References

Category:2020 albums
Category:Capitol Records albums
Category:Sam Smith (singer) albums
Category:Upcoming albums


Thomas Ashworth

Thomas Ramsden Ashworth (5 December 1864 – 23 August 1935) was an Australian politician.

Born in Richmond to medical practitioner Thomas Ramsden Ashworth and Mary Jane Leeson, his family moved to Bombala in New South Wales when he was a child but returned to Melbourne after his father's death in 1876. He spent four years at sea before taking various jobs as a carpenter, builder, architect and estate agent. In 1888 he married Emily Ashweek; later, in 1894, he would marry Marguerite Adele Young. He was President of the Victorian Free Trade Association from 1898 to 1902 and a South Melbourne City Councillor from 1895 to 1898. From 1902 to 1904 he was the member for Ovens in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. Ashworth died in 1935 in Fitzroy.

References

External links

Category:1864 births
Category:1935 deaths
Category:Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly


Tristan (novella)

Tristan is a 1903 novella by German writer Thomas Mann set in a sanatorium. It contains many references to the myth of Tristan and Iseult. The novella alludes in particular to the version presented in Richard Wagner's opera of the same name. As such, it can be seen as an ironic paraphrase, juxtaposing the romantic heroism of Wagner's characters with their essentially flawed counterparts in the novella.

External links
Project Gutenberg's German etext of Tristan
 Court Order to Block Access in Germany

Category:Novels by Thomas Mann
Category:1903 German-language novels
Novella
Category:German novellas
Category:Modern Arthurian fiction
Category:Arthurian literature in German
Category:20th-century German novels


Science outreach

Science outreach, also called Education and Public Outreach (EPO or E/PO) or simply public outreach, is an umbrella term for a variety of activities by research institutes, universities, and institutions such as science museums, aimed at promoting public awareness (and understanding) of science and making informal contributions to science education.

Scope and history

While there have always been individual scientists interested in educating the public, science outreach has recently become more organized. For example, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) now requires all of its projects to organize suitable outreach activities. Also working to inform the public are organizations such as Communicating Astronomy to the Public and the Washington Declaration on Communicating Astronomy to the Public that organize conferences for the public on science issues and make efforts to put outreach on a more general institutional footing.

Recently, an increasing number of projects have hired designated outreach scientists (part-time or full-time) that handle public relations for their project. There are also specialized outreach providers such as the Education branch of the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado and the Education and Public Outreach Group at Sonoma State University which offer to organize a project's outreach activities on a contractual basis.

In addition to outreach by research institutions, an important part of informal science education are outreach programs such as science museums and science festivals.

Examples of science outreach activities

Science outreach can take on a variety of forms.

Public talks/lectures/discussions

Lectures are probably the oldest form of science outreach, dating back to the 1820s when Michael Faraday organized the first of the Royal Institution's Christmas Lectures.

Public talks can be part of a lecture series, given at a science festival or in cooperation with a special interest group such as a local astronomy club. Public presentations can have a variety of formats, including straightforward lecture formats with or without experimental demonstrations, guided live interviews, and discussions with several participants and a moderator. There are also less formal initiatives such as Café Scientifique, in which a café or bar is the venue for regular meetings involving guest scientists that come to talk about their work or take part in discussions with members of the public.

Visiting primary and secondary schools

School students and teachers are an important target group for science outreach. Outreach activities can include scientists visiting schools, giving talks at assemblies, discussions with students, or participation in events such as career fairs and science and technology camps.  One organization that focuses on this kind of science outreach is Robogals. Many universities also have science outreach programs that are dedicated to building relationships between high school students, university scientists, and K-12 teachers. A few of the most prominent university science outreach programs include Carolina Science Outreach, the Vanderbilt Student Volunteers for Science, the Rockefeller University Science Outreach Program, the Present Your Ph.D. Thesis to a 12-Year Old Outreach Project at University of Texas in Austin, the Discover STEM Polymer Day and Energy and U at the University of Minnesota, and the Stanford University Office of Science Outreach. Using Canada as an example, it has been estimated that with sufficient organization, every classroom from kindergarten through graduation could in practice receive a visit from one or more scientists annually with participation from only 10-15% of the scientific enterprise. Some examples of science outreach programs in Canada include: Let's Talk Science, Actua, The Chemical Institute of Canada, and Science Rendezvous.

Workshops/schools for teachers and/or students

Inviting groups of school students to a research institution for a workshop is another popular form of outreach.  Formats range from a one-day visit to more involved week-long events such as Perimeter Institute's International Summer School for Young Physicists, a two-week-long programs for a total of a hundred Canadian and international students from grade 11.

Another method of science outreach invites school teachers to participate in workshops where they are able to learn effective strategies to engage students in science. This approach was especially embraced by the Canadian Space Agency which held an annual "Space Educators" conference up until 2012 to provides teachers with access to resources to educate their students in space-related science.

Supporting science fairs and similar events

Besides organizing independent events, many outreach organizations sponsor existing events that promote sciences awareness. A notable examples are science fairs, public science events in which working scientists can participate both as judges and as sponsors of student projects.

Online aggregation of science activities, resources, and programs
The internet is a rich source of science activities, resources, and programs. For example, research laboratories often maintain educational outreach projects aimed at translating their science into something meaningful for the general public, often K-12 students, as an effort to increase research broader impacts required by funding agencies such as the NSF. These may include activities using fast-growing plants that exhibit distinctive mutants with unique phenotypes useful to teach K-12 students about both Mendelian and molecular genetics. Some institutions and organizations maintain large or small aggregations of their activity resources, outreach programs, upcoming events calendars, and partnering programs.

Awards

A number of awards honor commitment to science outreach.  Examples include:
 Award for Public Understanding of Science and Technology, American Association for the Advancement of Science
 Descartes Prize for Excellence in Science Communication, European Commission
 Michael Faraday Prize for communicating science to a UK audience (Royal Society)
 Communicator award, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
 Synapse Mentorship Awards, often given for exceptional contributions to science outreach, Canadian Institutes of Health Research
 Nicholson Medal for Human Outreach, American Physical Society
Charles A. Black Award, for exemplary contributions to public understanding of food and agricultural science
 Kalinga Prize for popularisation of science is an award given by UNESCO since 1952 for exceptional skill in presenting scientific ideas to lay people

See also
List of Astronomy Outreach Resources in Europe
Science museum
Science festival
Popular science
Public science
Physics Outreach
Scientific literacy

References

External links
Stanford University Science Outreach Office – links to outreach programs for teachers, students, and the general public
Outreach at CERN
Education/Outreach resources at the Space Science Institute
Scientists in education
NASA Science
Science for All Americans (from the AAAS)
Sonoma State University E/PO group
Communicating Astronomy with the Public Journal
International Year of Astronomy 2009
Vanderbilt University Center for Science Outreach
Let's Talk Science
STEMout
Actua
 iBiology Free resource for scientists, educators, students and the general public]
 Sense About Science

Category:Science in society


First Take

First Take may refer to:

 First Take (album), a 1969 record album by Roberta Flack
 First Take (TV series), a television program on ESPN


Eric Morris (footballer, born 1940)

Edward Eric Morris was a Welsh footballer, who played as a full back in the Football League for Chester.

After leaving Sealand Road, he was a member of the Borough United side which won the Welsh Cup in 1963 and would play in two rounds of the European Cup Winners Cup (they lost on aggregate to Slovan Bratislava after eliminating Sliema Wanderers of Malta).

References

Category:Chester City F.C. players
Category:Ellesmere Port Town F.C. players
Category:English Football League players
Category:Association football fullbacks
Category:1940 births
Category:2011 deaths
Category:Welsh footballers
Category:People from Flintshire


William, Prince of Hohenzollern

William, Prince of Hohenzollern () (7 March 1864 in Schloss Benrath, near Düsseldorf – 22 October 1927 in Sigmaringen) was the eldest son of Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern and Infanta Antónia of Portugal.

William was an older brother of Ferdinand of Romania. His maternal first cousins included (among others) Carlos I of Portugal, Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto, Frederick Augustus III of Saxony, and Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony.

Between 1880 and 1886, William was heir presumptive to the Romanian throne. On 20 December 1886, he renounced his rights to the throne in favor of his brother Ferdinand.

Family

On 27 June 1889, William married Princess Maria Teresa of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. Her parents were Prince Louis, Count of Trani and Mathilde Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria. Louis was the eldest son of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his second wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria. Mathilde was the fourth daughter of Maximilian, Duke in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria. William and Maria Teresa had three children:

Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern (19 August 1890 – 29 August 1966). Married first Manuel II of Portugal and secondly Robert, Count Douglas.
Prince Frederick Victor of Hohenzollern (30 August 1891 – 6 February 1965). Married Princess Margarete Karola of Saxony. She was a daughter of Frederick Augustus III of Saxony and Archduchess Luise, Princess of Tuscany.
Prince Francis Joseph of Hohenzollern, adopted the title Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden (30 August 1891 – 3 April 1964).  He married Princess Maria Alix of Saxony, also a daughter of Frederick Augustus III of Saxony and Archduchess Luise, Princess of Tuscany.

William succeeded his father as Prince of Hohenzollern on 8 June 1905. Maria Teresa died on 1 May 1909.

On 20 January 1915, Wilhelm married secondly Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria. She was a daughter of Ludwig III of Bavaria and Maria Theresia of Austria-Este. There were no children from this marriage.

William's title was effectively abolished with the collapse of the German Empire in 1918. He continued to use his princely surname anyway.

Romanian succession
On 22 November 1880, William's father, Prince Leopold, renounced his rights to the succession of the principality of Romania in favour of his sons.

Having become familiar with the situation in Romania, the 22-year-old William renounced all rights to the succession of the kingdom (since 1881) of Romania by a letter in French dated on 20 December 1886.

In 1914, upon the death of king Carol I of Romania, William's next brother Ferdinand succeeded in Romania.

Titles, styles and honours

Titles and styles
7 March 1864 – 3 September 1869: His Serene Highness Prince William of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
3 September 1869 – 2 June 1885: His Serene Highness Prince William of Hohenzollern
2 June 1885 – 8 June 1905: His Serene Highness The Hereditary Prince of Hohenzollern
8 June 1905 – 23 September 1910: His Highness The Prince of Hohenzollern
23 September 1910 – 22 October 1927: His Royal Highness The Prince of Hohenzollern

Honours
German decorations

Foreign decorations

Ancestry

References

"The Book of Kings: A Royal Genealogy" by C. Arnold McNaughton.

Category:Princes of Hohenzollern
Category:Members of the Prussian House of Lords
Category:People from Düsseldorf
Category:People from the Rhine Province
Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg)
Category:Knights of the Holy Sepulchre
Category:Generals of Infantry (Prussia)
Category:1864 births
Category:1927 deaths


Theo Anast

Theo Anast (born 1966) was a France international rugby league footballer who played for the Canterbury Bulldogs in the Australian New South Wales Rugby League premiership and St Gaudens in the French Elite Championship. Anast represented the French national side on several occasions. His position of choice was as a prop-forward.

Background
Anast born in Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.

He is of Greek heritage through parentage.

Early career
He grew up playing rugby league at an early age and his natural talent for the game was immediately recognisable when he was selected to play for the Australian Schoolboys side during the 1984 season.

While attending Armidale High School, Anast played for the Australian Schoolboys team in 1984.

Career
He was however unable to fulfill his ability while playing in Australia where after he was signed to the Canterbury Bulldogs club in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership he played on one occasion during the 1988–89 season and eventually decided to move to France to play with the St Gaudens club.

In his first season in the French Elite Championship he had some impressive showings first earning himself a call up to the President's XIII during the 1990 season for a friendly match against the touring Australians and in 1993 eventually made his debut for the French national side while on tour in Great Britain. Around this time he was strongly linked with a move to English side Workington Town.

Career playing statistics

Point scoring summary

Matches played

References

External links
Bulldogs profile
Review of the 1994 Tour to the Pacific
List of Australian schoolboy representatives

Category:Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs players
Category:French rugby league players
Category:Hunslet Hawks players
Category:1966 births
Category:Living people
Category:Rugby league props
Category:Date of birth missing (living people)


Ribes erythrocarpum

Ribes erythrocarpum is an uncommon North American species of currant known by the common name Crater Lake currant. It is native to the Cascade Mountains in the US State of Oregon, including inside Crater Lake National Park.

Ribes erythrocarpum is a trailing shrub with vertical branches up to 50 cm (20 inches) tall. It produces copper- or salmon-colored flowers and scarlet egg-shaped berries.

References

erythrocarpum
Category:Plants described in 1896
Category:Flora of Oregon
Category:Crater Lake National Park


Timo Beermann

Timo Beermann (born 10 December 1990) is a German footballer who plays for 1. FC Heidenheim.

Club career
He signed for a contract with 1. FC Heidenheim on 4 June 2013 for two years.

Personal life
Beermann's younger brother, Malte, is also a footballer.

References

External links

Category:1990 births
Category:Living people
Category:German footballers
Category:VfL Osnabrück players
Category:1. FC Heidenheim players
Category:3. Liga players
Category:Association football defenders


Richard Landes

Richard Allen Landes (born June 26, 1949) is an American historian and author of Jewish origin, specializing in Millennialism. He coined the term "Pallywood" for what he considers the practice of staged filming of evidence against Israel for the benefit of the Palestinians. He currently serves as an associate professor in the Department of History at Boston University. Landes was the director of the now quiescent Center for Millennial Studies.  Landes is the son of the late Harvard Professor of Economics and History David S. Landes.

Israel and "Pallywood"

Landes is notable for views on the use of film footage related to conflicts in Israel, in particular his use of the term Pallywood (Palestinian Hollywood), which is described by Ruthie Blum, writing in the Jerusalem Post, as a term coined by Landes to refer to "productions staged by the Palestinians, in front of (and often with cooperation from) Western camera crews, for the purpose of promoting anti-Israel propaganda by disguising it as news." Landes himself describes Pallywood as "a term I coined...  to describe staged material disguised as news." Landes cites the film of the shooting of Muhammad al-Durrah, the Gaza beach blast and Hamas's alleged exploitation of electricity shortages during the 2007–2008 Israel-Gaza conflict, as incidents of Pallywood.

He maintains two web sites:
 Second Draft depicts the perceived pro-Palestinian, anti-Israeli bias in some media reports from the Middle East.
 Augean Stables includes more in-depth articles about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and related issues.

Books

Articles
 “Jews as Contested Ground in Post-Modern Conspiracy Theory", Jewish Political Studies Review, Vol. 19, Nos. 3-4 (2007), 9-34.
 “Edward Said and the Culture of Honor and Shame: Orientalism and Our Misperceptions of the Arab-Israeli Conflict” in Special issue of Israel Affairs, 13:4 (2007), 84-58, and in
 "Goldstone's Gaza Report, Part I: A Failure of Intelligence", Middle East Review of International Affairs (MERIA), January 2010.
 "Goldstone's Gaza Report, Part II: A Miscarriage of Human Rights," Middle East Review of International Affairs (MERIA), January 2010.
Anit-Zionism:21st Century Avatar of the Longest Hatred, Fathom, Summer 2016

See also
 Media coverage of the Arab–Israeli conflict

References

External links
 Richard Landes author's website
 The Second Draft
 The Augean Stables
 Daily Telegraph blog
 Chattopadhyay, Subhasis. Review of Heaven on Earth  in Prabuddha Bharata or Awakened India 122 (5):480-2 (2017). ISSN 0032-6178. Edited by Swami Narasimhananda.

Category:1949 births
Category:Living people
Category:Boston University faculty
Category:Scholars of antisemitism
Category:21st-century American historians
Category:Jewish American historians


Corfe Castle (UK Parliament constituency)

Corfe Castle was a parliamentary borough in Dorset, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1572 until 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.

History
Corfe Castle was made a borough by Queen Elizabeth I, through the influence of Sir Christopher Hatton, who had been granted the manor. The borough consisted of the town of Corfe Castle on the Isle of Purbeck, once a market town but by the 19th century little more than a village, where the main economic interests were clay and stone quarrying. In 1831, the population of the borough was approximately 960, in 156 houses. (The portion of the town outside the borough contained another 141 houses.)

The right to vote was exercised by all householders (resident or not) paying scot and lot; in 1816 this amounted to only 44 voters, and all but 14 of those were non-resident. The local landowners were able to exercise almost total influence. In the late 18th and early 19th century, the Bankes family (who had owned the castle since 1640) nominated the member for one of the seats and the Bond family for the other.

Corfe Castle was abolished as a separate constituency by the Reform Act; however, the nearby borough of Wareham kept one of its MPs, and Corfe Castle was included within the expanded boundaries of the revised Wareham constituency.

Members of Parliament

1572–1640

1640–1832

Notes

References
Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807)
D. Brunton & D. H. Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808)
 Maija Jansson (ed.), Proceedings in Parliament, 1614 (House of Commons) (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988)
 Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1961)
 J. Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 - England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
Henry Stooks Smith, "The Parliaments of England from 1715 to 1847" (2nd edition, edited by F. W. S. Craig - Chichester: Parliamentary Reference Publications, 1973)

Category:Parliamentary constituencies in Dorset (historic)
Category:United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies established in 1572
Category:United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies disestablished in 1832
Category:Rotten boroughs


Results of the 1965 New South Wales state election

This is a list of electoral district results for the 1965 New South Wales state election.

Results by electoral district

Albury

Armidale

Ashfield−Croydon

Auburn

Balmain

Bankstown

Barwon

Bass Hill

Bathurst

Blacktown

Bligh

Bondi

Bulli

Burrinjuck

Burwood

Byron

Canterbury

Casino

Castlereagh

Cessnock

Clarence

Cobar

Collaroy

Concord

Coogee

Cook's River

Cronulla

Drummoyne

Dubbo

Dulwich Hill

Earlwood

East Hills

Eastwood

Fairfield

Georges River

Gloucester

Gordon

Gosford

Goulburn

Granville

Hamilton

Hartley

Hawkesbury

Hornsby

Hurstville

Illawarra

Kahibah

King

Kirribilli

Kogarah

Kurri Kurri

Lake Macquarie

Lakemba

Lane Cove

Lismore

Liverpool

Maitland

Manly

Maroubra

Marrickville

Monaro

Mosman

Mudgee

Murray

Murrumbidgee

Nepean

Newcastle

Orange

Oxley

Parramatta

Phillip

Raleigh

Randwick

Redfern

Rockdale

Ryde

South Coast

Sturt

Sutherland

Tamworth

Temora

Tenterfield

The Hills

Upper Hunter

Vaucluse

Wagga Wagga

Wakehurst

Waratah

Wentworthville

Willoughby

Wollondilly

Wollongong−Kembla

Wyong

Young

See also
 Candidates of the 1965 New South Wales state election
 Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1965–1968

Notes

References

1965


Agayakan

Agayakan () is a rural locality (a selo), and one of four settlements in Second Borogonsky Rural Okrug of Oymyakonsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Tomtor, the administrative center of the Rural Okrug, Aeroport and Kuydusun. It is located  from Ust-Nera, the administrative center of the district and  from Tomtor. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 0.

References

Notes

Sources
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Oymyakonsky District.

Category:Rural localities in the Sakha Republic


Dennis Lambourne

Dennis James Lambourne (born 7 October 1945) is a Welsh former professional footballer who played as a forward. He made appearances in the English football league for Wrexham. He also played in the Welsh league for Llanelli and Bangor City.

References

Category:1945 births
Category:Living people
Category:Welsh footballers
Category:Association football forwards
Category:Llanelli Town A.F.C. players
Category:Wrexham A.F.C. players
Category:Bangor City F.C. players
Category:English Football League players


Ridala Parish

Ridala () was a rural municipality of Estonia, in Lääne County. It had a population of 3,245 (2016) and an area of 253.4 km².

Populated places
Ridala Parish had 2 small boroughs and 56 villages.

Small boroughs

Paralepa, Uuemõisa.

Villages

Aamse, Allika, Ammuta, Emmuvere, Erja, Espre, Haeska, Herjava, Hobulaiu, Jõõdre, Kabrametsa, Kadaka, Kaevere, Kiideva, Kiltsi, Kiviküla, Koheri, Koidu, Kolila, Kolu, Käpla, Laheva, Lannuste, Liivaküla, Litu, Lõbe, Metsaküla, Mäeküla, Mägari, Nõmme, Panga, Parila, Puiatu, Puise, Pusku, Põgari-Sassi, Rohense, Rohuküla, Rummu, Saanika, Saardu, Sepaküla, Sinalepa, Suure-Ahli, Tammiku, Tanska, Tuuru, Uneste, Uuemõisa, Valgevälja, Varni, Vilkla, Võnnu, Väike-Ahli, Vätse, Üsse.

See also
Matsalu National Park
Pullapää crisis

References
This article includes content from the Estonian Wikipedia article Ridala vald.

Category:Former municipalities of Estonia


Oliver Burr Jennings

Oliver Burr Jennings (June 3, 1825 – February 12, 1893) was an American businessman and one of the original stockholders in Standard Oil.

Early life
Jennings was born in 1825 in Fairfield, Connecticut, to Abraham Gold Jennings and Anna Burr. His brother was Frederick B. Jennings. At a young age he came to New York to learn the dry goods business. Through his great-grandfather, Peter Burr, he was distantly related to U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr.

Career
In 1849, he headed West to seek his fortune in the California Gold Rush. He set up a general mercantile store in San Francisco with Benjamin Brewster and amassed a considerable fortune by outfitting prospecting camps along the coast and around Sacramento.

Standard Oil
In 1862, he returned to New York with the intention of retiring from all business activities. Due to his close relationship with his wife's brother-in-law, William Avery Rockefeller, Jr., he became interested in the affairs of the Standard Oil Company. In 1871, when Standard Oil was incorporated in Ohio, Jennings was one of the original stockholders. Of the initial 10,000 shares, John D. Rockefeller received 2,667; William Rockefeller, Henry Flagler, and Samuel Andrews received  1,333 each; Stephen V. Harkness received 1,334; Jennings received 1,000; and the firm of Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler received 1,000.

Jennings served as a director of Standard Oil of Ohio and then as a trustee of the  Standard Oil Trust that resulted from the company's reorganization in 1882.

Personal life
On December 13, 1854, he married Esther Judson Goodsell (1828–1908) in Fairfield. Her sister Almira Geraldine Goodsell (1844–1920) was the wife of Standard Oil co-founder William Rockefeller, Jr. (1841–1922). Together, Oliver and Esther had five children:
Annie Burr Jennings (1855–1939), a philanthropist.
Walter Jennings (1858–1933), the director of Standard Oil Company of New Jersey and president of the Jekyll Island Club from 1927 until 1933.
Helen Goodsell Jennings (1860–1946), who married Dr. Walter Belknap James (1858–1927), president of the Jekyll Island Club from 1919 until 1927
Emma Brewster Jennings (1861–1942), who married Hugh Dudley Auchincloss, Sr. (1858–1913)
Oliver Gould Jennings (1865–1936), who married Mary Dows Brewster (b. 1871), daughter of Benjamin Brewster and Elmina Hersey Dows.

Jennings died in 1893 at his residence in New York City. His estate amounted to , which he left entirely to his family.

Descendants
Jennings was the grandfather of Benjamin Brewster Jennings (1898—1968), businessman, and Hugh Dudley Auchincloss, Jr. (1897–1976), stockbroker who married Janet Lee Bouvier.

References

Category:1825 births
Category:1893 deaths
Category:People from Fairfield, Connecticut
Category:Businesspeople from San Francisco
Category:People of the California Gold Rush
Category:Founders of the petroleum industry
Category:American businesspeople in the oil industry
Category:Standard Oil
Category:19th-century American businesspeople


Paul Gaustad

Paul Michael Gaustad (born February 3, 1982 in Fargo, North Dakota and raised in Portland, Oregon) is an American former professional ice hockey centerman who played for the Nashville Predators and Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is nicknamed "Goose."

Playing career

Junior
Gaustad was drafted in the seventh round, 220th overall, by the Buffalo Sabres in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft. In the off-season, he lives in Portland, Oregon. He also played for the Portland Winter Hawks of the Western Hockey League (WHL).

Prior to joining Portland in 1999–2000, Gaustad was a Portland Jr. Hawk. Afterward, Gaustad started playing for a Tier II team in Burnaby, British Columbia, of the British Columbia Junior Hockey League (BCJHL). In his three seasons with the Winter Hawks, he registered 135 points (53 goals and 82 assists) before making his professional debut with the Sabres' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Rochester Americans, in 2002–03.

Professional
Upon his arrival in Rochester, Gaustad registered 53 points (14 goals and 39 assists) in 80 games while also seeing his first action with the parent club, the Buffalo Sabres

In the 2005–06 season, Gaustad secured a starting position with the Sabres, where he played mostly as fourth line center and played the power forward/enforcer role, along with teammates Adam Mair and Andrew Peters. Gaustad, who had worn the number 14 in Rochester, had to double his number to 28 in Buffalo, due to 14 being retired in honor of Sabres legend René Robert.

On February 7, 2007, in a game against the Ottawa Senators, Gaustad's leg was cut and his tendon was sliced in a collision with Dany Heatley, an injury which at the time was thought to have ended his season. It was later revealed that the injury could have even potentially ended his career had it been an inch deeper. However, he did recover ahead of schedule and joined the Sabres in their 2007 Stanley Cup playoffs on May 4, 2007, for Game 5 against the New York Rangers at home in Buffalo.

After a productive campaign during the 2007–08 season, in which he registered a solid 36 points while mainly on the third and fourth lines, Gaustad was re-signed by the Sabres to a four-year, $9.2 million contract extension on the eve of the free agency period, which was set for July 1, 2008.

On the ice, Gaustad is known for his teamwork and gritty play making him a popular favorite among fans. He is often in front of the net, capitalizing on his 6'5" frame to screen opposition goaltenders and deflect goals. Because of his size and ability, he typically plays a unit on the power play.

At the 2012 NHL trade deadline, on February 27, Gaustad and a 2013 fourth-round draft pick were sent to the Nashville Predators in exchange for a 2012 first-round pick.

On September 8, 2016, Gaustad announced his retirement from the NHL after 12 seasons via his Instagram account.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links

Category:1982 births
Category:Living people
Category:American men's ice hockey centers
Category:Buffalo Sabres draft picks
Category:Buffalo Sabres players
Category:Ice hockey people from North Dakota
Category:Ice hockey people from Oregon
Category:Nashville Predators players
Category:Sportspeople from Fargo, North Dakota
Category:Portland Winterhawks players
Category:Rochester Americans players
Category:Sportspeople from Portland, Oregon


Barrie Rutter

Barrie Thomas Rutter OBE (born 12 December 1946) is an English actor and the founder and former artistic director of the Northern Broadsides theatre company based in Dean Clough complex, Halifax, West Yorkshire, England.

Biography
Rutter was born and brought up in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England, attending Newton Hall, part of Greatfield High School.

He participated in school plays, joining the National Youth Theatre and at the age of 17 in 1964, he left Hull to live with his aunt in Kennington, London. He later studied at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama, but left early before finishing the course to go on a European tour with the NYT.

Rutter was passed over for the 1967 production of Peter Terson's football play Zigger Zagger, but Terson wrote a role for him in The Apprentices. He was with the Nottingham Playhouse in 1968, then freelanced until joining the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1975.

In the 1980s he performed in three adaptations by the poet Tony Harrison.

Rutter founded Northern Broadsides in 1992 and the company performs at its Halifax base and on tour. Rutter has played major parts in many of its productions.

He has appeared in many films and television programmes, including Countdown to War, Queenie's Castle and a regular role in the early 1980s ITV sitcom Astronauts and as armed robber Oakes in the film version of the BBC sitcom Porridge. He appeared in The Bill 'Suspects' in 1992. He appeared in 5 episodes of the television series Fat Friends in 2004–05, playing Douglas Simpson.

In 2009 Rutter directed Lenny Henry in a production of Othello. He said of the decision to cast the comedian, "knives might be out at me or at Lenny. I don't care. This has come about from a completely genuine desire to do a piece of theatrical work. Bloody hell, how long has the Donmar had Hollywood stars going there for £200? He's six-foot five. He's beautifully black. And he's Othello."

After setting up the run of Othello in London, Rutter was invited to direct Richard III for the 'Vanemuine' Theatre Company in Tartu, Estonia. Though he suffered a heart attack, he completed the rehearsals for the first night at the Samadateater in Tartu on 17 October 2009. In the third quarter of 2010, Rutter also became a patron for the newly opened ALRA North.

In June 2016 Rutter was the subject of BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs. His eight musical choices were works by Frank Sinatra, Kay Starr, Elvis Presley, The Rolling Stones, César Franck, Eliza Carthy with Norma Waterson, Tina Turner and The Band. Tina Turner's Proud Mary was his track to "rescue from the waves". He declined to take The Bible but accepted the complete works of Shakespeare; his chosen book was a collection of Tony Harrison's poems and his luxury a pair of swimming flippers so that "at the first sign of madness" he could swim out to sea and battle with a shark. In the programme he discussed his childhood and family and professional life, including the loss of a son by cot death at 14 weeks.

In July 2017 Rutter announced that he would step down from the post of artistic director at Northern Broadsides in April 2018 after frustration at what he saw as inadequate Arts Council funding for the company.

His final production with the company was The Captive Queen, an adaptation of John Dryden's Aureng-zebe, at the Sam Wanamaker Playhouse in February and March 2018; as well as directing, he played the part of the emperor.

Personal life
He married American Carol Chillington in 1978, and moved near to Stratford-on-Avon when Chillington got a job at Warwick University. They have two daughters.

Rutter's former wife Carol Chillington Rutter is Professor of Shakespeare and Performance Studies at the Warwick University and was director of the CAPITAL Centre 2006–2011.

In January 2020 The Yorkshire Post said that Rutter had been diagnosed with throat cancer.

Awards and honours
In 2000 he won the title 'Creative Briton 2000', with a cheque for £100,000. He was nominated for it by, amongst others, John Prescott, then Deputy Prime Minister, who said "Barrie's northern accent, fast action, factory floor Shakespeare is as far from elitism as can be, though it has never, never dumbed Shakespeare down." In 2003 he received the Sam Wanamaker Award jointly with Stephen Unwin for their work promoting Shakespeare in the regions.
In 2005 he received the honorary degree of Doctor of Letters from the University of Bradford, and in 2018 the same degree from Lancaster University.

Rutter was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to drama.

References

External links
Interview with The British Theatre Guide
Interview alongside Lenny Henry on BBC News

Category:English male stage actors
Category:English theatre directors
Category:English male television actors
Category:1946 births
Category:Living people
Category:Male actors from Kingston upon Hull
Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Category:National Youth Theatre members


All-Ireland championships

All-Ireland championships may refer to:

All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship
All-Ireland Under 21 Football Championship
All-Ireland Under 21 Hurling Championship
All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
All-Ireland Senior Club Camogie Championship
All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship
All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship

Category:Sports competitions in Ireland
Category:Gaelic games competitions


Panchavimsha Brahmana

The Tandya Mahabrahmana (or the Praudha Brahmana) ("great" Brahmana), also known as the Panchavimsha Brahmana from its consisting of twenty-five prapathakas (chapters)
is a Brahmana of the Samaveda, belonging to both of its Kauthuma and Ranayaniya shakhas. It deals with the duties of the udgātṛs generally, and especially of the various kinds of chants.

Contents
The work is divided into 25 prapathakas, which are further divided into 347 khandas (sections). An overview of the contents of the text is as follows:
 Prapathaka I: Collection of Yajus
 Prapathaka II-III: Vistutis
 Prapathaka IV–IX.2: Various rites (Jyotishtoma, Ukthya, Atiratra, Prakrtis of ekahas and ahinas)
 Prapathaka IX.3–IX.10: Somaprayaschittas
 Prapathaka X–XV: Dvadashaha rite
 Prapathaka XVI–XIX: One day rites
 Prapathaka XX–XXII: Ahina rites
 Prapathaka XXIII–XXV: Longer rites (known as the Satras)

External links
GRETIL etext

Category:Brahmanas


DYEZ-TV

DYEZ-TV is a commercial television station owned by ABS-CBN Corporation. Its studio and transmitter are located at 3/F Garcia Building, C. Laserna St., Poblacion, Kalibo, Aklan. It currently delivers local programs from Manila via DWWX-TV Channel 2.

ABS-CBN TV-9 Kalibo defunct local programs
 MAG TV Na, Amiga!
 Agri Tayo Dito
 Kapamilya, Mas Winner Ka!

TV Patrol Panay and its local morning show Panay Sikat are not available but they are currently aired since 2016 on TV-10 Iloilo with simulcast over TV-21 Roxas. MAG TV Na, Amiga! and Kapamilya, Mas Winner Ka! could be broadcast and/or seen, which were carried over ABS-CBN TV-4 Bacolod until they ended in June 2018. They were cancelled as part of cost-cutting measures in preparation of ABS-CBN Regional's digitzalization aligning with Manila's flagship station DWWX-TV Channel 2.

See also
 DYAF-TV
 List of ABS-CBN Corporation channels and stations

References

Category:ABS-CBN stations
Category:Television stations in Aklan
Category:Television channels and stations established in 1990
Category:Kalibo


Lamari Rural LLG

Lamari Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.

Wards
01. Motokara
02. Kobara
03. Atagara
04. Numbaira
05. Bibeori
06. Baira No. 2
07. Baira No. 1
08. Mei'auna
09. Ogurataba
10. Bi'api'arata
11. Bakumpa
12. Kawaina No. 1
13. Kumbora
14. Saurona
15. Obura Gov't Station
16. Kurunumbura
17. Yunura
18. Asara
19. Himarata
20. Anima
21. Tunana
22. Ahea
23. Habi ina
24. Oraura No. 1
25. Kokombira
26. Pinata
27. Owena
28. Tainoraba
29. Mobutasa
30. Agamusi

References

Category:Local-level governments of Eastern Highlands Province


KMQ

KMQ may refer to:

 Komatsu Airport, an airport in the city of Komatsu, Japan
 KMQ viewer, glasses for viewing a stereoscopic over/under format


Bodo culture

Bodo culture is the culture of the Bodo people in Assam. For long, Bodos have been farmers living in an agriculturist community with a strong tradition of fishery, poultry, piggery, with rice and jute cultivation, and betel nut plantation. They make their own clothing from scratch, such as traditional attires. In recent decades, Bodos are influenced by recent social reforms under Bodo Brahma Dharma and the spread of Christianity.

Religion
In the past, Bodos worshiped their forefathers. Traditionally, the Bodos have practiced Bathouism without an influence of Hinduism in recent times. While some have adopted Christianity and Bodo Brahma Dharma. Bathouism is a form worshiping forefathers called Obonglaoree. The Sijou plant (belonging to the Euphorbia genus), is worshiped as the symbol of Bathou. In the Bodo Language Ba means five and Thou means deep. Five is a significant number in the Bathou religion. The Sijou tree has five ribs and a pair of thorns in each rib. It signifies a couple. God creates human being through couple.

Despite the advance of Hinduism amongst the Bodos, mainstream Indian practices such as caste and dowry are not practiced by the majority of Bodo Hindus who follow a set of rules called Brahma Dharma.

A large number of Bodo people practice Christianity, predominantly Baptists. The major associations being Boro Baptist Convention and Boro Baptist Church Association. Other denominations includes Church of North India, Lutheranism, Believers' Church, Roman Catholic, Pentecostalism etc. Most of the Bodo Christians practices are mixture of tribal traditions and Christians traditions.

Music and dance

The Bagurumba
The Bodos traditionally dance the Bagurumba. This dance is accompanied by the Bagurumba song which goes like this:

Moreover, there are about 15/18 kinds of Kherai Dance like Rwn Swndri, Gorai Dabrainai, Dao Thwi Lwngnai, Khwijema hannai, Mwsaglangnai.

Musical instruments
Among the many different musical instruments, the Bodos use: Kham, Siphung, Serja, Jotha, Jabsring, Tharkha, Bingi, Rege.

Siphung : This is a long bamboo flute having only five holes rather than six as the north Indian Bansuri would have and is also much longer than it, producing a much lower tone.

Serja : This is a violin-like instrument. It has a round body and the scroll is bent forward.

Tharkha : It is a block of bamboo split into two halves for clapping.

Kham : It is a long drum made of wood and skin of goat.

Agriculture
Rice cultivation -  Bodos are known as first to cultivate rice in India

Sericulture -  Bodos are known as first to rear silkworm and produce silk in India

Food
Rice is the main staple food but is savored with non vegetarian dishes like fish or pork.

Cuisines
Oma Bedor: Most Bodo people like Oma (Pork) bedor (meat). Bodos prepare pork meat with different flavors and style. It could be fried, roasted, and stewed. The first type is pan fried. The second flavor is made by roasting (or smoking) the meat in the sun for several days. The third one called "oma khaji" is cooked by mixing blood and meat, - it tastes very rich in fat.

Onla: Onla is a gravy made from rice powder and slices of bamboo shoots cooked lightly with oil and spices. Chicken or pork can be added to onla.

Zu mai or Zwou: Rice wine is produced by the bodos mainly during the festivals like Bwisagu and Domasi. Jumai could be of two types, (A) gishi (wet) and (B) gwran (dry). (A) Gishi is brewed by fermentation of rice, when a piece of plum is added to the gishi mixture during fermentation, the product taste like plum wine! (B) Gwran is produced by distillation of the gishi; it tastes like Japanese sake.

The Bodos examine the strength of the wine by throwing a cup of beer in the fire. A flash of fire indicates the strength of the wine.

Narzi: A bitter gravy that is made from dried jute leaves. Pork or fresh water fish can be cooked together to generate distinct taste. Narzi gravy tastes like Japanese sea weed soup! Others like Dau Bedor, Jinai and Samo are also likely taken by Bodos.

Festivals

Bwisagu
Bwisagu is the most cherished springtime festival celebrated by the Bodo people at the advent of the new year. Famous for its myriad colours and merriment, it is celebrated during mid April.

The other festivals celebrated by the people are Hapsa Hatarnai, Wngkham Gwrlwi Janai, Domashi. Among all the Kherai festival includes singing, dancing and drumming celebrated with much rejoice.

Bodo attire

Aronai

Aronai is a small Scarf, used both by Men and Women. Aronai is the sign of Bodo tradition and is used to felicitate guests with honour, as a gift. In winter it is wrapped around the neck to warm up the body and generally used in the performance of Bodo dance. In ancient period Bodo warriors used Aronai as a belt in the battle field. At the time of the war, Bodo women would weave Aronai within a single night and present it to the warriors as they set out for the battlefield.

Dokhona
Dokhona is the traditional dress of Bodo women. In general the length of the Dokhona is 3 metres (m) and width is 1.5 metre (m), sometimes it depends upon the figure of the body. It is worn to cover the whole body from chest to legs by wrapping one round at a time over the waist. Varieties of Agor (design) and different types of colours are weaved for Dokhona. There are mainly two types of Dokhona- Plain Dokhona & Designed Dokhona. It can be divided into some sub types (according to design), it depends upon designers. They are -

Without design (Matha Dokhona or bidon)
 Plain (only line without design)
 Design with plain border line (pari lanai)

Designed (Agor gwnang)
 Whole body designed (mwdwm gongse agor)
 Designed in border only (jing jing aaolo agor lanai)
 Slightly designed in body as well as border (gejwraobw ese agor erdernai)

Matha Dokhona (bidon) is actually plain, without any Agor (design). Used to wear while worshipping of God. It is available with different colours but Matha Dokhona with yellow colour is used as a traditional bridal attire, which is known as Dokhona Thaosi (pure Dokhona). Along with Hinjao Gwdan (bride), Bwirathi (Women receptionist of bride and bridegroom in Bodo marriages) wear Matha Dokhona. The favourite colours are generally Gwmw (Yellow), Gwthang (Green), and Bathogang (Colour of parrot's feathers). Nowadays Bodo women wear different colours of blouse with Dokhona to cover her upper bosom.

Jwmgra
Bodo women use Jwmgra (Scarf) to cover upper portion of the body (Length-around 2.5 metres, width-around 1 metre). They wear various colours of Jwmgra with varieties of Agor (design) to beautify themselves. The Hajw Agor (mountain design) is one of the most popular design among different designs.

Gamsha
The Gamsha is Bodo male traditional attire. Generally it is 2 metre (m) length & 1.2 metre (m) width. Bodo men used to cover the portion from waist to knee by tying it in the waist. Gamsha can be different colours but Green with white (in border) is the most common colour in Bodo Gamsha. Gamsha is compulsory to wear while worshipping the god and for Bodo bridegroom.

Apart from the above mention attires, Bodo women weave many types of traditional cloths such as Sima (like a bed cover), Wool (big wool scarf), Jwmgra gidwr (big scarf) and Phali (Handkerchief) etc.

Handmade designs of the Bodos
Hundreds of Bodo handmade designs are there, which always bloom on the Bodo traditional attires. Most of the Bodo weavers says that, the Hajw agor and Parwo megon is the most common and important design on Bodo traditional attires. In the early period, Bodo women who didn't knew how to weave traditional attires, faced difficulties in getting married. Among the popular handmade designs, the following are 10 mostly used Agor (design) used by Bodo women to decorate their attire -

 Hajw Agor (design of hills)
 Bandhuram Agor (design first crafted by Bandhuram kachari)
 Phareo Megon (design like pigeon eye)
 Daorai Mwkhreb (winkle of peacock)
 Phul Mwbla (varieties of bloomed flowers)
 Dingkhia Mohor (design representing fern leaf)
 Bwigri Bibar (design representing the flowers of plum)
 Muphur Apha (design representing the footprint of bear)
 Agor Gidir (design like a diamond shape)
 Gorkha Gongbrwi Agor (design representing twill)

Tools
Khomfri Headgear to protect from sun and rain used by farmer. Which latter develop into Japi , The crown of Assamese culture.

Modern Culture
Khomfri is used as Japi in Assamese culture.  Khomfri or Japi is used as Crown of Assamese culture.

Silk dresses are considered as glamour object in society.

References

Category:Bodo
Category:Indian culture by community


List of schools in Kedah

This is a list of schools located in Kedah, Malaysia. It is categorised according to the variants of schools in Malaysia, and is arranged alphabetically.

Chinese Independent High School
Sin Min High School (Sungai Petani)
Sin Min High School (Alor Setar)
Keat Hwa High School

Islamic religious schools

Primary education: Sekolah Rendah Agama (SRA)
 SRA Islah
 SR Islam Darul Aman (SRIDA)
 SR Islam Alor Star

Secondary education: Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama (SMKA)
National Islamic school (Islamic secondary school)
 SMKA Baling
 SMKA Kedah
 SMKA Sik
 SMKA Yan

Private Islamic school
 SMA Al-Islah
 SMA (A)Yayasan Khairiah
 SMA Darusaadah
 SMA Daris
 SMA An-Nahdzah(Bukit Besar)
 SMA Fauzi
 SMA Pekan Gurun
 SMA Sungai Petani

State Islamic school
 Maktab Mahmud Alor Setar
 Maktab Mahmud Kuala Muda
 Maktab Mahmud Yan
 Maktab Mahmud Langkawi
 Maktab Mahmud Pokok Sena
 Maktab Mahmud Merbok
 Maktab Mahmud Baling
 Maktab Mahmud Kulim

National schools

Primary education: Sekolah Kebangsaan (SK)
 SK Batu Hampar
 SK Titi Gajah
 SK Taman Aman
 SK (Felda) Bukit Tangga
 SK Tuan Syed Jan Al-Jaffri
 SK Sungai Pasir Kechil
 SK Bandar Baru Darul Aman, Jitra
 SK Bendang Raja, Alor Setar
 SK Convent Father Barre, Sungai Petani (cluster school)
 SK Dato Wan Kemara, Changlun
 SK Dato' Shaari, Alor Star
 SK Ibrahim, Sungai Petani
 SK Iskandar
 SK Jalan Paya Besar
 SK Jitra
 SK Kepala Batas
 SK Kodiang
 SK Kota Kuala Muda
 SK Kuala Ketil
 SK Kuala Teriang
 SK Kulim
 SK Labu Besar
 SK Lahar Budi
 SK Lunas Jaya
 SK Ulu Tawar
 SK Nyior Chabang
 SK Peremba
 SK Pendang
 SK Seberang Perak Baru
 SK Tembak
 SK Seri Banai
 SK Seri Negmerekari
 SK Seri Perdana
 SK Sidam Kiri
 SK Simpang Tiga
 SK Sg. Seluang, Kulim
 SK Sg. Ular, Kulim
 SK Alor Mengkudu
 SK Simpor
 SK Sri Jerai
 SK St. Nicholas Convent
 SK St. Theresa, Sungai Petani
 SK Suka Menanti
 SK Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin, Jitra (cluster school)
 SK Sultanah Asma
 SK Tunku Ismail
 SK Sungai Lalang
 SK Sungai Layar
 SK Sungai Petani
 SK Sungai Siput, Pendang
 SK Taman Hi-Tech
 SK Taman Ria
 SK Taman Rakyat
 SK Tikam Batu
 SK Ulu Melaka
 SK Yan Kechil
 SK Taman Selasih
 SK Tualang
 SK Tunku Abdul Malik
 SK Tunku Bendahara
 SK Keladi
 SK Taman Jelutong
 SK Taman Uda (Sekolah Cemerlang 2008-2011)
 SK Bukit Kechil
 SK Dulang
 SK Bukit Besar
 SK Sungai Karangan
 SK Pantai Prai
 SK Paya Kemunting
 SK Laguna Merbok
 SK Teluk Wang

Secondary education: Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan (SMK)
 Kolej Sultan Abdul Hamid (Premier State school)
 SMK Dato' Syed Omar
 SMK Jabi
 SMK Sungai Limau (cluster school 2011)
 SMK Aman Jaya (high performance school)
 SMK Air Merah
 SMK Ayer Hitam
 SMK Parit Panjang
 SMK Bakai
 SMK Bedong
 SMK Bakar Arang
 SMK Baling
 SMK Bandar Baru Darul Aman
 SMK Bandar Baru Sintok
 SMK Bandar Sg. Petani
 SMK Changlun
 SMK Chepir
 SMK Che Tom, Sg Petani
 SMK Convent Alor Setar
 SMK Convent Father Barre, Sungai Petani
 SMK Darulaman
 SMK Dato' Syed ahmad (cluster school 2009)
 SMK Dulang, Yan
 SMK Gulau
 SMK Ibrahim (cluster school 2011)
 SMK Jalan Paya Besar
 SMK Jitra
 SMK Kedawang
 SMK Kelibang
 SMK Khir Johari
 SMK Kota Kuala Muda
 SMK Kulim
 SMK Labu Besar
 SMK Langgar
 SMK Lunas
 SMK Mahsuri

 Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Padang Serai
 SMK Paya Kemunting
 SMK Pekula Jaya (formerly SMK Tikam Batu)
 SMK Pengkalan Lebai Man
 SMK Pokok Sena
 SMK Raja Puan Muda Tengku Fauziah
 SMK Seberang Perak
 SMK Seri Gunong
 SMK Seri Mahawangsa
 SMK Seri Pantai
 SMK Sik
 SMK St. Anne Convent, Kulim
 SMK St. Michael
 SMK St. Theresa, Sungai Petani
 SMK Sultan Badlishah (cluster school)
 SMK Sultanah Asma (high performance school)
 SMK Sultanah Bahiyah (cluster school)
 SMK Sungai Karangan
 SMK Sungai Layar, Sungai Petani
 SMK Syed Mohamad Al-Bukahry
 SMK Taman Ria Jaya
 SMK Tunku Abdul Malik
 SMK Tunku Abd. Aziz, Simpang Empat
 SMK Tunku Anum Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jitra
 SMK Tunku Abdul Rahman (STAR,Mergong)
 SMK Tunku Bendahara
 SMK Tunku Ismail
 SMK Tunku Panglima Besar
 SMK Tunku Putra
 SMK Tunku Temenggung
 SMK Yan
 SMK Taman Hi-Tech, Kulim
 SMK Taman Jelutong
 SMK Keladi
 SMK Taman Selasih
 SMK Tobiar
 SMK Mergong
 SMK Tun Sharifah Rodziah
 SMK Seri Ampang
 SMK Kubang Rotan, Alor Setar
 SMK Pulau Nyior
 SMK Sultan Ahmad Tajudin
 SMK Kuala Ketil
 SMK Teluk Bayu

Chinese Type Primary and Secondary School

Chinese Primary School

SJK (C) AIK CHEE
SJK (C) AIK MIN
SJK (C) BOON HWA
SJK (C) BOON TEIK
SJK (C) CHEE NAN
SJK (C) CHENG YU
SJK (C) CHEONG CHEN
SJK (C) CHIN HWA
SJK (C) CHING CHONG
SJK (C) CHIO MIN (A)
SJK (C) CHIO MIN (B)
SJK (C) CHONG CHENG
SJK (C) CHOONG CHENG
SJK (C) CHOONG HWA GURUN
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA JITRA
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA KODIANG
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA SIK
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA POKOK SENA
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA PULAU LANGKAWI
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA BEDONG
SJK (C) CHUNG HWA YAN
SJK (C) EIK CHOON
SJK (C) FUH SAN
SJK (C) HOON BONG
SJK (C) HUA MIN PADANG SERAI
SJK (C) HWA MIN LUNAS
SJK (C) HWA MIN JITRA
SJK (C) JENIANG
SJK (C) JUNUN
SJK (C) KAMPONG LALANG
SJK (C) KEAT HWA (H)
SJK (C) KEAT HWA (K)
SJK (C) KEAT HWA (S)
SJK (C) KEE CHEE
SJK (C) KELANG LAMA
SJK (C) KHAI MIN
SJK (C) KONG MIN KARANGAN
SJK (C) KONG MIN KUALA KETIL
SJK (C) KOU HUA
SJK (C) KUALA KETIL
SJK (C) KWANG HWA BANDAR BAHRU
SJK (C) KWANG HWA SUNGAI PERAI
SJK (C) LAM MIN
SJK (C) LIN KHAY
SJK (C) LONG CHUAN
SJK (C) LONG SEONG
SJK (C) MAH WAH
SJK (C) MIN NAM
SJK (C) MIN SIN
SJK (C) MIN TERK
SJK (C) NAN KWANG
SJK (C) PEI ENG
SJK (C) PEI HWA GURUN
SJK (C) PEI HWA ALOR SETAR
SJK (C) PEI MIN
SJK (C) PEI SHIH
SJK (C) PEKAN LAMA
SJK (C) PENG MIN KUALA KETIL
SJK (C) PENG MIN ALOR SETAR
SJK (C) PENG MIN SUNGAI PETANI
SJK (C) POAY CHAI
SJK (C) POAY CHAI
SJK (C) POI CHEE
SJK (C) PUMPONG
SJK (C) SENG YOK
SJK (C) SERDANG
SJK (C) SHANG CHENG
SJK (C) SIN HWA
SJK (C) SIN KUO MIN
SJK (C) SIN KWANG
SJK (C) SIN MIN
SJK (C) SIN MIN
SJK (C) SIN MIN (A)
SJK (C) SIN MIN (B)
SJK (C) SIN TEONG
SJK (C) SOON CHENG
SJK (C) SOON JIAN
SJK (C) TAI CHONG
SJK (C) TAI TONG
SJK (C) TONG YUH
SJK (C) YANG KAO
SJK (C) YEANG CHENG
SJK (C) YEOK CHEE
SJK (C) YEOK KHEONG
SJK (C) YIH CHOON
SJK (C) YIH MIN
SJK (C) YIT MIN
SJK (C) YORK KHOON
SJK (C) YUH MIN
SJK (C) YUK MIN

SMJK School
SMJK KEAT HWA 1 ALOR SETAR
SMJK KEAT HWA 2 ALOR SETAR
SMJK SIN MIN SUNGAI PETANI
SMJK CHIO MIN KULIM

Technical school: Sekolah Menengah Teknik (SMT)
 Sekolah Menengah Teknik Alor Setar (ASTECH) (cluster school)
 SMV Alor Star(Jalan Stadium)
 SMV Kulim
 SMV Langkawi
 SMV Sungai Petani 1
 SMV Sungai Petani 2

Boarding school
 Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Kubang Pasu
 Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Langkawi
 Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Merbok
 Maktab Rendah Sains MARA PDRM Kulim
 Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Pendang
 Maktab Rendah Sains MARA Baling
 Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Mohamad Jiwa (SAINS KEDAH)
 Sekolah Menengah Sains Pokok Sena (SAINA)
 Sekolah Menengah Sultan Abdul Halim (SMSAH)
 Sekolah Berasrama Penuh Integrasi Kubang Pasu (I-KUPA)
 Sekolah Menengah Sains Kubang Pasu (KUPSIS)

Others
 Sekolah Model Khas Baling
 Sekolah Model Khas Bukit Jenun

See also
 Education in Malaysia

References

*
Kedah


List of wind-related railway accidents

High winds can blow railway trains off tracks and cause accidents.

Dangers of high winds
High winds can cause problems in a number of ways:

 blow trains off the tracks.
 blow trains or wagons along the tracks and cause collisions.
 cause pantographs and overhead wiring to tangle.
 cause trees and other objects to fall onto the railway

Preventative measures
Risks from high winds can be reduced by:
 wind fences akin to snow sheds
 lower profile of carriages
 lowered centre of gravity of vehicles
 reduction in train speed or cancellation, at high winds
 a wider rail gauge
 improve overhead wiring with:
 regulated tension rather than fixed terminations
 shorter catenary spans
 solid conductors

By country

1928 – 47 waggons blown along line at Tocumwal
 1931 – Kandos – wind blows level crossing gates closed in front of motor-cyclist
 1943 – Hobart, Tasmania; Concern that wind will blow over doubledeck trams on  gauge if top deck enclosed.
 2010 – Marla, South Australia; Small tornado blows over train.

Austria
 1910 – Trieste (now in Italy) – train blown down embankment.

Lanxin High-Speed Railway#Wind shed
 List of rail accidents (2000–2009) – February 28, 2007 – Wind blows 10 passenger rail cars off the track near Turpan, China.

Rügen narrow-gauge railway, 20 October 1936: derailment of a train, five injured

One reason for choosing broad gauge in India for greater stability in high winds.

On the night of 30 January 1925, strong winds derailed carriages of a train crossing the Owencarrow Viaduct of the  gauge Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway.

Inaho
 Amarube Viaduct
 1895 Gale blows train into sea

Rimutaka Incline railway accident

Makrellbekken (station)#Wind related accident – blowing snow disoriented a tractor driver who collided with a train

Wind tangles overhead wiring in Cape Town, 2012.

Tay Bridge disaster 1879
 Chelford rail accident 1894 – during shunting
 De-wirements on the East Coast Main Line
 Leven Viaduct, Cumbria 27 February 1903
 Cheddington 2008 – two containers blown off train – design of "spigots" criticised.
 Moston 2015 – out of gauge train hits platform, throwing stones onto other track.
 Scout Green 2015 – empty 30-foot ISA container blown off train

During the storm of 31 March / 1 April 1892 a narrow-gauge passenger train of the Burlington and Northwestern railway was blown off the tracks in St Louis, causing several persons to be injured.
 On 2 September 1911 tram services in Charleston, South Carolina, were suspended due to winds.
 A 2008 tornado in Northern Illinois derailed a Union Pacific train. Dramatic footage of the event was captured by a camera mounted on the train.
 On April 27, 2015 a severe storm knocked several cars off the line while they were traveling across the Huey P. Long Bridge, New Orleans, Louisiana, with no injuries. The footage of the complete accident was captured by a WGNO News Team on a dash cam.

One reason for choosing broad gauge (17% wider than standard gauge) for BART was the greater stability in high winds and perhaps earthquakes.

Factors
 Lightweight trains
 Narrow gauge
 Aspects of the terrain
 Tunnels

See also
 Snowshed

References

Category:Fences
Wind
Railway
Railway


List of Marathi films of 1930

A list of films produced by the Marathi language film industry based in Maharashtra in the year 1930.

1930 Releases
A list of Marathi films released in 1930.

References

External links
Gomolo -

Category:Lists of 1930 films by country or language
1930
Category:1930 in Indian cinema


1923 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship

The 1923 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 14th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

Mallow won the championship following a 2-2 to 2-1 defeat of Evergreen in the final.

Results

Final

References

Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
Category:Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship


Geoffrey Galt Harpham

Geoffrey Galt Harpham (born 1946) is an American academic who until recently served as President and Director of the National Humanities Center. One of the characteristics of his tenure was the encouragement of dialogue between the humanities on the one hand and the natural and social sciences on the other. He is a Senior Fellow at the Kenan Institute for Ethics at Duke University and also a Life Member of Clare Hall at the University of Cambridge. He is in addition a member of the Board of Visitors of Ralston College.

His book, The Humanities and the Dream of America, was published by the University of Chicago Press in March 2011.

Bibliography

Books
 On the Grotesque: Strategies of Contradiction in Art and Literature (Princeton University Press, 1982; paperback, 1986). 2nd ed. with new preface (Davies Publishing, 2006). This work was the primary inspiration for “Domus Aurea,” a composition by Edmund Campion for piano and vibraphone, which premiered at the Centre Pompidou, Paris, November 4, 2000.
 The Ascetic Imperative in Culture and Criticism (University of Chicago Press, 1987; paperback, 1992).
 Getting It Right: Language, Literature, and Ethics (University of Chicago Press, 1992). Partially translated into Croatian as Pripovjedni Imperative, in Politika ietika pripovijedanja, ed. Vladimir Biti (Zagreb: Hrvatska sveucilišna naklada, 2003), 129-56.
 One of Us: The Mastery of Joseph Conrad (University of Chicago Press, 1996).
 Shadows of Ethics: Criticism and the Just Society (Duke University Press, 1999).
 Language Alone: The Critical Fetish of Modernity (Routledge Press, 2002).
 A Glossary of Literary Terms, 8th ed., coauthored with M.H. Abrams (Wadsworth, 2005); 9th ed. (Wadsworth, 2008). Translated into Persian, Turkish, Chinese, Korean, Greek. Indian edition, 2009.
 The Character of Criticism (Routledge Press, 2006).
 On Being Human, special issue of Daedalus, 138.3 (2009), consulting editor. This issue grew out of the “Autonomy, Singularity, Creativity: The Human and the Humanities” initiative sponsored by the National Humanities Center, 2006-09.
The Humanities and the Dream of America (University of Chicago Press, 2011).

Critical studies and reviews of Harpham's work
 Review of What do you think, Mr. Ramirez?.

References

External links
 The National Humanities Center
 Recent Publications of Geoffrey Harpham
 Curriculum Vitae of Geoffrey Galt Harpham

Category:1946 births
Category:Living people
Category:American humanities academics
Category:Northwestern University alumni
Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Category:Guggenheim Fellows


Mutambara

Mutambara may refer to:

Places
 Mutambara, Manicaland, a village in Zimbabwe
 Mutambara, Burundi, a city in southwest Burundi

People
 Arthur Mutambara (born 1966), Zimbabwean politician

See also
 Mutamba Milambo (born 1984), Congolese football midfielder


Sir Edmund Whittaker Memorial Prize

The Sir Edmund Whittaker Memorial Prize is awarded every four years by the Edinburgh Mathematical Society to an outstanding young mathematician having a specified connection with Scotland. It is named after Sir Edmund Whittaker.

History
After the death of Sir Edmund Whittaker in 1956, his son John Whittaker most generously gave on behalf of the Whittaker Family the sum of £500 to the Edinburgh Mathematical Society to establish a prize for mathematical work in memory of his father.

Winners
2017 Arend Bayer (University of Edinburgh)
2013 Stuart White (University of Glasgow)
2009 Agata Smoktunowicz (University of Edinburgh)
2005 Tom Bridgeland (University of Sheffield)
2001 Michael McQuillan and J A Sherratt
1997 Alan D Rendall (Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik)
1993 M A Berger and A W Reid
1989 A A Lacey and Michael Röckner
1985 John Mackintosh Howie
1981 John M. Ball (University of Oxford)
1977 Gavin Brown and C A Stuart
1973 A M Davie (University of Edinburgh)
1970 Derek J S Robinson (University of Illinois)
1965 John Bryce McLeod (University of Oxford)
1961 A G Mackie and Andrew H. Wallace

See also

 List of mathematics awards

References

 Edinburgh Mathematical Society
 Sir Edmund Whittaker Memorial Prize

Category:Mathematics awards
Category:National prizes
Category:Monuments and memorials in Scotland
Category:Scottish awards


PropertyPro.ng

PropertyPro.ng is a Nigeria  web-based platform for property rentals and sales. The company was founded in February 2013 with a vision of re-organizing the rental market in Nigeria that was soiled as a result of trust issues and fraud. In a  bid to tackle the trust and fraud issues, the company created a system that exercises a lot of control on how participating agents offer their services. The agents are expected to conduct their business and customer relations in line with Tolet’s prescribed code of business conduct.

History

The company started with the founders' collective personal savings of $400 in 2012. The company was founded in February 2013 by a team of four visionary young men: Fikayo Ogundipe, Sulaiman Balogun, Oladapo Eludire, and Oluwaseyi Ayeni.

The company started by reaching out to landlords and agents in Lagos. ToLet.com.ng is one of Spark’s (Jason and Bastian’s “accelerator” fund) portfolio companies. Spark is the sole investor in Tolet.com.ng with $240,000 invested in the startup to date. As of July 2016, the company has roughly 20,000 listings online. In September 2016, Tolet.com.ng raised $1.2m in a Series A funding round led by Malaysia-based Frontier Digital Ventures.

The company employs area specialists who inspect all properties before posting them on the website. The website started off as a rental property focused service, before its adoption of sales properties 11 months ago.

Acquisition of Jumia House Nigeria

ToLet acquired Jumia House Nigeria for an undisclosed amount. ToLet and Jumia House Nigeria will merge platforms under the new name of PropertyPro.ng

ToLet.com.ng rebrands as PropertyPro.ng

ToLet.com.ng on the 16th of April 2018 officially announced her transitioning into PropertyPro.ng via social media pages, change of usernames, press releases and features from media houses in Nigeria
.The launch event also brought about the announcement of the new website mobile app for free downloads on Play Store.

References

Category:Real estate companies of Nigeria
Category:Companies based in Lagos
Category:Online marketplaces of Nigeria


Northland Center For Advanced Professional Studies

Northland Center for Advanced Professional Studies (CAPS) is a high school program which operates multiple different magnet programs for students who live within the school districts of: Excelsior Springs, Kearney, Liberty, North Kansas City, Park Hill, Platte County, and Smithville.

The center focuses on providing an education focused on building professional skills in partnership with local businesses and educational institutions.

Focus
The center offers pre-professional, innovative and entrepreneurial education by immersing students in professional environments and employing a curriculum developed by industry professionals and program instructors.

Courses and Strands
 Digital Media and Design
 Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing
 Global Business and Entrepreneurship
 Global Logistics
 Medicine and Healthcare
 Technology Solutions

CAPS Network
Northland CAPS is part of the CAPS Network that links other schools employing the CAPS program.
Affton Advanced Professional Studies (A@ps ), Affton School District, St. Louis County, Missouri
Alexandria Public Schools, Alexandria, MN
Blue Valley Center For Advanced Professional Studies, Overland Park, KS
Cedar Falls Schools, Cedar Falls, IA
ignite@psc - Bentonville Public Schools Professional Studies Center, Bentonville, AR
The Innovation Collaboratory - Elmbrook School District, Elmbrook, WI
GO CAPS, (Greater Ozarks Center for Advanced Professional Studies) - Participating GO CAPS districts include Bolivar, Branson, Logan-Rogersville, Monett, Nixa, Ozark, Reeds Spring, Republic, Springfield, Strafford and Willard.
Park City CAPS in Park City, Utah
Spark!, Parkway School District, St. Louis County, Missouri
MET Professional Academy, Peoria Unified School District in Glendale, Arizona
Minnesota Center for Advanced Professional Studies (MNCAPS), Lakeville Area Public Schools and Prior Lake-Savage Area Schools
Shakopee Public Schools, Shakopee, MN
Topeka Center for Advanced Learning and Careers, Topeka, Kansas
VANTAGE (Minnetonka Advanced Professional Studies) in Minnetonka, Minnesota
The School District of Washington located in Washington, MO
Westside CAPS, Westside Community Schools in Omaha, Nebraska.

See also
Secondary education
Profession

References

External links

Category:Public high schools in Missouri
Category:Education in Kansas City, Missouri
Category:Schools in Missouri
Category:Special schools in the United States


Birmingham Cathedral

Birmingham Cathedral may refer to:
In Birmingham, England
St Philip's Cathedral, Birmingham (Church of England)
St Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham (Catholic)
St Andrew's Cathedral, Birmingham (Orthodox)
In Birmingham, Alabama
Cathedral Church of the Advent (Birmingham, Alabama) (Episcopalian)
Cathedral of Saint Paul in Birmingham (Catholic)
Holy Trinity - Holy Cross Cathedral (Orthodox)


Nicolás Franco

Nicolás Franco may refer to:

 Nicolás Franco (footballer), Argentine footballer
 Nicolás Franco (politician), Spanish politician


Sia (title)

Sia () was a hereditary title of Chinese origin, used mostly in colonial Indonesia. It was borne by the descendants of Chinese officers, who were high-ranking, Chinese civil bureaucrats in the Dutch colonial government, bearing the ranks of Majoor, Kapitein or Luitenant der Chinezen (see: Kapitan Cina).

History

As with other Chinese honorifics, the title 'Sia' came at the end of the title holder's name: for example, as in Oey Tamba Sia (1827 - 1856). The title was used not with its holder's surname, but with his given name, so Tamba Sia instead of Oey Sia. In everyday speech, use of the title was often combined with other honorifics, such as Ako Sia ('elder brother Sia') or Baba Sia ('sir Sia').

Originally, the honorific was used in Imperial China to address certain senior mandarins, the relatives of a mandarin or descendants of the House of Koxinga, formerly the ruling dynasty of the Kingdom of Tungning. In colonial Indonesia, the honorific came to be used as a hereditary title for the descendants of Chinese officers, who were seen as the colonial Indonesian equivalent of the Chinese mandarinate and scholar-gentry.

These title holders and their families constituted the so-called Cabang Atas, the traditional Chinese establishment or gentry of colonial Indonesia. As a class, they dominated the administrative posts of Majoor, Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen, or the Chinese officership on a near-hereditary basis. To a significant extent, they also monopolised the colonial government's lucrative revenue farms, which formed the economic backbone of their political influence. To preserve and consolidate their power, families of the Cabang Atas contracted extensive, strategic intermarriages within their social group.

In the later colonial period, it became fashionable among western-educated title holders to refrain from using the title 'Sia', which was seen as an old-fashioned anachronism. This mirrored the decline in the importance of the Chinese officership as a government institution in the early twentieth century, which presaged its eventual abolition in most of the Dutch East Indies with the exception of the colonial capital, Batavia. Indeed, as pointed out by Monique Erkelens, the prestige of the traditional elite declined in the early twentieth century due to changing political and ideological circumstances in late colonial Indonesia and early twentieth-century Asia.

Title holders

As part of the Cabang Atas, Sias played an important role in the history of Indonesia, particularly in relation to the country's ethnic Chinese community.

Prominent Sias include:
 Han Chan Piet, Majoor der Chinezen (1759 – 1827): government official and landlord
 Han Kik Ko, Majoor der Chinezen, Regent of Probolinggo (1766 – 1813): government official and landlord
 Lim Ke Tjang, Kapitein der Chinezen of Tegal (1781 — 1826): official, shipping and sugar magnate
 Tan Eng Goan, 1st Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia (1802 - 1872)
 Oey Tamba Sia (1827 - 1856): notorious Batavia playboy
 Lie Tjoe Hong, 3rd Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia (1846 – 1896)
 Phoa Keng Hek Sia (1857 - 1937): social reformer and philanthropist
 O. G. Khouw (1874 – 1927): philanthropist
 Khouw Kim An, last Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia (1875 - 1945): government bureaucrat
 H. H. Kan (1881 - 1951): politician, parliamentarian
 Loa Sek Hie (1898 - 1965): politician, parliamentarian, social worker
 Phoa Liong Gie (born in 1904): newspaper publisher, politician, parliamentarian

See als0
 Kapitan Cina
 Cabang Atas
 Scholar-gentry and landed gentry in China
 Chinese honorifics
 The House of Koxinga

Notes

Category:Sia
Category:Kapitan Cina
Category:Chinese nobility
Category:Chinese diaspora in Indonesia
Category:Titles
Category:Chinese-language titles
Category:Cabang Atas


1907 Marquette Golden Avalanche football team

The 1907 Marquette Golden Avalanche football team was an American football team that represented Marquette University as an independent during the 1907 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Cody Clark, the team compiled a 6–0 record.

Schedule

References

Marquette
Category:Marquette Golden Avalanche football seasons
Category:College football undefeated seasons
Marquette Golden Avalanche football


Daddy's Home (film)

Daddy's Home is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Sean Anders and written by Anders, Brian Burns, and John Morris. The film is about a mild-mannered stepfather (Will Ferrell) who vies for the attention of his wife's (Linda Cardellini) children when their biological father (Mark Wahlberg) returns.

The second collaboration between Ferrell and Wahlberg following the 2010 film The Other Guys, principal photography began on November 17, 2014 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The film was released on December 25, 2015, by Paramount Pictures and grossed $242 million worldwide, becoming Ferrell's highest-grossing live-action film. A sequel, Daddy's Home 2, was released on November 10, 2017.

Plot
Mild-mannered radio executive Brad Whitaker struggles to be a good stepfather to his wife Sara's two children, Megan and Dylan, and is seemingly sterile after an accident to his testicles some years ago. The children begin to grow closer to Brad, with Dylan confiding in him that he is being picked on at school and Megan asking him to take her to a father/daughter dance at her school. One night, Dusty Mayron, Sara's ex-husband and the kids' biological father, calls and discovers Sara's marriage with Brad. He suddenly announces he will be visiting the next day. Sara hesitates to let her ex-husband into their home, but Brad convinces her that it is important for the kids that their father and stepfather establish a respectful relationship.

When Dusty arrives, Brad is immediately intimidated by his tough and muscular appearance and his charm with Megan and Dylan. Dusty repeatedly talks Brad into letting him stay, despite Sara warning about Dusty's true nature. Brad soon wises up when it becomes clear that Dusty intends to drive Brad out of his kids' lives and reconcile with Sara. After Dusty shows Brad up again and again - getting the kids a dog, finishing a treehouse that Brad wanted to build with Dylan, making Brad appear to be racist - Dusty tries to drive a wedge between Brad and Sara by taking them to a fertility doctor, hoping that Brad's inability to give Sara a baby will send her into Dusty's arms. Still, the two men appear to reach an understanding after working together to teach Dylan how to defend himself. Additionally, Brad and Sara are overjoyed to learn that Brad's sperm count has increased significantly (implied to be a result of Dusty "invading his territory"), giving them hope of having a child together.

However, Brad is stunned when Dusty reveals that he still intends to drive Brad out of the family. Desperate, Brad spends tens of thousands of dollars on early Christmas gifts, including a pony and $18,000 basketball tickets. At the game, Dusty once again shows Brad up by revealing himself to be friends with the coach of Dylan's favorite team, and an enraged Brad begins drinking heavily. During half-time, Brad is chosen to try to shoot a basketball to win a prize. Drunk, Brad goes on a rant about Dusty before accidentally pelting a cheerleader and a disabled child in a wheelchair in the face with basketballs. Humiliated, Brad moves out of the house; however, when Dusty tries to comfort Sara, she rejects him, and forces him to step up as a dad to help his kids with their busy schedules.

Four days later, Brad is living in his office at work, depressed. Dusty, meanwhile, is overwhelmed by the responsibilities of being a full-time father. When Dusty decides to call it quits and leave on the day of Megan's father-daughter dance, his friend Griff goes to Brad and convinces him to fight for his family. Brad catches Dusty at a bar and tries to get him to come back. Dusty admits that he cannot handle the hard parts about being a father, and admires Brad for putting up with all the things that he has to go through. Brad says that all of the terrible parts about being a dad are worth it, because in the end he is doing it for his kids. This convinces Dusty to go to the dance, and he and Brad arrive together. There, they discover that the classmate who was picking on Dylan at school is a girl named Serendipity, and almost get into a fight with her father when Dylan physically retaliates. However, Dusty finally decides to follow Brad's lead on being a father, and instead quells the fight by starting a dance-off. Brad and Sara reconcile, and Dusty decides to stay and be a good "co-dad" to his kids.

Later, the whole family is happy; Brad and Sara have a new baby boy named after Griff, and Megan and Dylan have finally accepted Brad as their stepfather. Dusty, who now has a job as a Panda DJ and becomes wealthy through his work, has moved in across the street after building a castle there, and he and Brad are now friends. Dusty eventually remarries, to a woman named Karen who has a daughter Adrianna, thus Dusty becomes a stepfather himself. Sara is immediately intimidated by Karen after meeting her; she feels that Karen's looks surpass hers and she is jealous of the latter's professions as a doctor and a novelist. In an ironic twist of fate, Dusty is now in exactly the same position that he put Brad in a year ago – visibly intimidated by his stepdaughter's more muscular father, Roger (John Cena).

Cast

 Will Ferrell as Brad Whitaker
 Mark Wahlberg as Dusty Mayron
 Linda Cardellini as Sara Whitaker
 Scarlett Estevez as Megan Mayron
 Owen Vaccaro as Dylan Mayron
 Thomas Haden Church as Leo Holt
 Hannibal Buress as Griff
 Bobby Cannavale as Dr. Emilio Francisco
 Bill Burr as Jerry
 Jamie Denbo as Doris
 Alessandra Ambrosio as Karen
 John Cena as Roger
 Mark L. Young as Dental hygienist
 Paul Scheer as DJ "The Whip"
 Billy Slaughter as Man in Squidward tie
 Chris Henchy as Jason Sinclair / Panda DJ
 Reba Elizabeth Carston as Serendipity

Production

Casting
On November 5, 2014, it was confirmed that Will Ferrell and Mark Wahlberg would play the lead roles in the film. On November 12, Linda Cardellini joined the cast of the film, to play Ferrell's character's wife. On November 18, Hannibal Buress joined the film to play a sarcastic handyman. On January 28, 2015, Paul Scheer was added to the cast of the film, playing The Whip, a crazy DJ.

Filming
Principal photography began on November 17, 2014, in New Orleans, Louisiana. On November 24 and 25, filming took place at Edward Hynes Charter School. On January 12, 2015, actors were spotted filming in the Lakeview area. On January 21, 2015, a scene was shot during a New Orleans Pelicans and Los Angeles Lakers game where Ferrell smashed a cheerleader (played by stuntwoman/wrestler Taryn Terrell) in the face with a basketball. Filming was scheduled to wrap on February 3, 2015, but lasted through February 6.

Release
The film premiered in the UK on December 9, 2015 and was theatrically released in the UK on Boxing Day, December 26, 2015 by Paramount Pictures.

Home media
Daddy's Home was released digitally on March 8, 2016, before being released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 22, 2016.

Reception

Box office
Daddy's Home grossed $150.4 million in North America and $92.4 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $242.8 million, against a budget of $69 million. It is Ferrell's highest-grossing live-action film, surpassing Elf ($220.4 million).

In the United States and Canada, the film opened on December 25, 2015 alongside Point Break, Joy, Concussion, and the wide release of The Big Short. In its opening weekend the film was projected to gross $20–25 million from 3,271 theaters. However, after grossing $1.2 million from its early Thursday showings and $15.7m on its opening day, weekend projections were increased to $43–46 million. The film ended up grossing $38.7 million in its opening weekend, finishing second at the box office behind Star Wars: The Force Awakens ($149.2 million). It was the second biggest non-animated opening of Ferrell's career, behind Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby ($47 million).

Critical response
On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 31% based on 119 reviews and an average rating of 4.9/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Will Ferrell and Mark Wahlberg have proven comedic chemistry, but Daddy's Home suffers from a dearth of genuinely funny ideas – and lacks enough guts or imagination to explore the satirical possibilities of its premise." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 42 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.

Accolades
Will Ferrell was nominated for a Teen Choice Award in the category Choice Movie Actor in a Comedy.

Sequels

In April 2016, a sequel was announced with Will Ferrell and Mark Wahlberg reprising their characters. Anders and John Morris wrote the script and Anders directed. In January 2017, Paramount Pictures courted Mel Gibson and John Lithgow to star in the sequel. The two were later confirmed to star in the film. Linda Cardellini, Owen Vaccaro and Scarlett Estevez also reprise their roles. John Cena will also be reprising his role as Roger. It was released on November 10, 2017.

Daddy's Home 3
In an interview, Mark Wahlberg mentioned that they would like to get Liam Neeson for the third installment of the film.

References

External links

Category:2015 films
Category:American buddy comedy films
Category:English-language films
Category:2010s comedy films
Category:American comedy films
Category:Films about dysfunctional families
Category:Films directed by Sean Anders
Category:Films produced by Adam McKay
Category:Films produced by Will Ferrell
Category:Films shot in New Orleans
Category:Gary Sanchez Productions films
Category:Red Granite Pictures films
Category:Paramount Pictures films
Category:Films with screenplays by John Morris
Category:Films with screenplays by Sean Anders


177th New York Volunteer Infantry

The 177th New York Volunteer Infantry ( "10th New York National Guard") was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Service
The 177th New York Infantry was organized at Albany, New York, on September 16, 1862 when the 10th New York National Guard was accepted for federal service. The regiment mustered in November 21, 1862, for nine-months service under the command of Colonel Ira W. Ainsworth.

The regiment was attached to 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XIX Corps, Department of the Gulf, to July 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps, to September 1863.

The 177th New York Infantry mustered out September 10, 1863 and discharged September 24, 1863.

Detailed service
Ordered to the Department of the Gulf, and left New York for New Orleans, La., December 16, 1862. Duty at New Orleans and Carrollton, Louisiana, until March 1863. Scout to Pass Manchac, February 8–11 (detachment). Advance on Ponchatoula March 21–24. Expedition to Amite River March 24–30. Duty at Bonnet Carre until May 7. Expedition to Amite River May 7–19. Action at Civique's Ferry May 10. Moved to Baton Rouge May 20, then to Port Hudson, Louisiana. Siege of Port Hudson May 24 – July 9. Assaults on Port Hudson May 27 – June 14. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Duty at and near Port Hudson until August 22. March to Baton Rouge, then ordered home for muster out.

Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 161 men during service; 2 officers and 7 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 3 officers and 149 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders
 Colonel Ira W. Ainsworth

See also

 List of New York Civil War regiments
 New York in the Civil War

References
 Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908.
 Twombly, Alexander S. The Completed Christian Life: A Sermon Commemorative of Adjt. Richard M. Strong, 177th Regt. N.Y.S.V. Who Died at Bonnet Carré, La., May 12, 1863 (Albany, NY: J. Munsell), 1863.
 -----. Memoir of Richard Marvin Strong: A Member of the Albany Bar, and Adjutant of the 177th Regiment, N.Y. Volunteers, Who Died at Bonnet Carré, La., May 12, 1863 (Albany, NY: C. Van Benthuysen), 1863.
Attribution

Category:Military units and formations established in 1862
Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1863
Infantry 177