Tracy Ann Oberman

Tracy-Ann Oberman (born Tracy Anne Oberman; 25 August 1966) is an English television, theatre, and radio actress. She is best known for her role as Chrissie Watts in BBC soap opera EastEnders from 2004 to 2005.

Following training at the Central School of Speech and Drama in London, Oberman spent four years with the Royal Shakespeare Company, before joining the National Theatre. Her theatrical experience includes appearing with Kenneth Branagh in David Mamet's Edmond (2003) and a run in the West End revival of Boeing-Boeing (2007–08). She appeared in a production of Earthquakes in London in its 2011 run as Sarah Sullivan.

Oberman's TV credits include Doctor Who, Mistresses, Robin Hood, and Doctors. Before EastEnders Oberman appeared in a variety of television programmes including Casualty (1997–98), Kiss Me Kate (1998), and The Bill (2000), and carved out a comedic niche with leading roles in Bob Martin (2000–2001), Lenny Henry In Pieces (2000–2003), Big Train, Toast of London and Friday Night Dinner (2011–present). She had a recurring role in the penultimate and last series of procedural comedy-drama New Tricks (2014–15) as Fiona Kennedy,a forensic pathologist.

Oberman has performed in more than 600 radio plays since the mid-90s.

Oberman has contributed to several radio sketch shows and, in 2008, co-authored with Diane Samuels the play Three Sisters on Hope Street. In 2010, she wrote and starred alongside Catherine Tate in her BBC Radio 4 play Bette and Joan and Baby Jane and in 2012 wrote the BBC Radio 4 play Rock and Doris and Elizabeth. In 2015 she wrote and starred in the third part of her Hollywood Trilogy for BBC Radio 4, Mrs. Robinson, I Presume, alongside John Simm and Kevin Bishop.

Oberman was a regular columnist for The Guardian newspaper during 2007, for which she is still an occasional contributor. She was a regular contributor to The Jewish Chronicle (2009–2017) and also contributes to Red magazine.

Early life and education
Oberman was born in Brent, Greater London, and has a Jewish background. She grew up in North London, attending Heathfield School for Girls, before going on to study Classics at Leeds University; however, after a year she moved to Manchester University to pursue drama. After graduating she was accepted into the Central School of Speech and Drama, where she trained as an actor. In 1991, Oberman studied for a term at the Moscow Art Theatre School as part of her training. Oberman has spoken of how her drive for professionalism was a result of her parents' initial concern with her career choice.

As she came from a strong legal background, her family "weren't wildly happy" about her desire to become an actress: "My parents were always making me watch Rumpole of the Bailey, going 'You see? It’s just like acting, you make things up, you wear a wig and a funny outfit. Why not the law?' But I just always wanted to act, as far back as I remember." Her joining the Royal Shakespeare Company though, finally won her parents over. However, in a 2004, interview Oberman noted that her father's death seven years earlier prevented his seeing the development of her career and her national success as an actor: "I've come a long way in my career since he died and I wish he was here to see it. He was a big EastEnders fan so I know he'd be very, very proud of me."

Acting

Theatre
After leaving the Central School of Speech and Drama, Oberman joined the Royal Shakespeare Company. In 1993 she took part in the RSC's award-winning production of Christopher Marlowe's Tamburlaine as "Olympia". This was followed by roles in The Changeling, as "Diaphanta", A Jovial Crew in the part of "Joan Cope", and The Beggar's Opera where she played Molly Brazen. In 1994 she completed her run at the RSC playing in Macbeth and A Christmas Carol.

After performing in several West End productions, Oberman played at the National Theatre in Clifford Odets' Waiting for Lefty during 1999. This was followed by a starring turn in School Play at the Soho Theatre. The play was lauded by Guardian critic Michael Billington as a "remarkable" production, with Billington also praising Oberman for her successful portrayal of Miss Fay as "the teacher torn between her career and her pupil's potential".

In 2003, Oberman returned to the National Theatre in Edmond, playing opposite Kenneth Branagh in her debut at the National and Branagh's return to acting after six years of directing. Her role as wife to Branagh's title character was well received by critics, Norman Miller in a BBC News review commending Oberman for making a particular "impression" despite being only one part out of thirty "whirling through scenes" in a play that runs barely over an hour.

That year also saw her star in Hello and Goodbye at the Southwark Playhouse in what would be her final stage performance for four years. The play was highly acclaimed. According to Fiona Mountford in The Evening Standard, the production was "given the outing of its life by" Oberman and her co-star, Zubin Varla. The review in The British Theatre Guide was similarly positive, praising Oberman who "rages away" in the role of "Hester", and delivers "one of the best performances in town".

2006 also saw Oberman plan a return to the National Theatre in Mike Leigh's play, Two Thousand Years. Leigh had already asked Oberman to appear as part of the original cast, but she declined given her hectic schedule on EastEnders at the time. However, after she signed up for the 2006 production and began attending rehearsals she fell ill, a blood test revealing that she was pregnant, forcing her to pull out of the play.

She took a couple of years away from acting following the birth of her daughter in August 2006. Although she undertook a one-off performance of The Oak Tree at the Soho Theatre in 2007, it wasn't until the end of the year that she returned full-time to work in the West End revival of Boeing-Boeing, playing "Gretchen" opposite Jean Marsh and Jennifer Ellison.

In July 2008 Oberman continued her theatre run by starring in the world premiere of On the Rocks as Frieda Lawrence, wife of novelist D. H. Lawrence. The play, by Amy Rosenthal, follows the marriage of the Lawrences during one idyllic summer in 1916, and received generally favourable reviews, with Arts critic Michael Billington describing Oberman's performance as "capturing Frieda's intense love-hate relationship with her impossible partner". Similarly, the Mail praised "Miss Oberman" as "convincingly saucy and dim", but questioned whether her German accent needed to be "Kvite So Heffy?". The censure was echoed by Nicholas de Jongh in the Evening Standard in his less than enthusiastic review of the play, criticising Oberman for her "often unintelligible German accent". However, most reviews followed the line taken by Benedict Nightingale of The Times in declaring Oberman to have given a "fine performance... as a gloriously sensual, blowsily defiant Frieda".

In 2011, she played Sarah in the touring production of Earthquakes in London by Mike Bartlett which was an updated, newly staged version of the National Theatre and Headlongs production earlier that year.

In December 2012 Oberman returned to the stage at the Hampstead Theatre in the premiere of Old Money by Sarah Wooley playing opposite Maureen Lipman to be directed by Terry Johnson. In 2015, Oberman played the role of Isabella Blow in the play ,McQueen, at the St James Theatre, London.

Radio

Oberman has appeared in over 600 radio plays. She has acted in radio drama and radio comedy, appearing regularly on BBC Radio 4 as a member of the station's unofficial "repertory" company, including; The Way It Is (1998–2001), the leading role in The Attractive Young Rabbi (1999–2002), The Sunday Format (1999–2004), and Getting Nowhere Fast.

At the end of 2009, Oberman returned to radio to star in "Gregory Evans’ mind-boggling play" Shirleymander for Radio 4, with reviewer Moira Petty describing Oberman's turn as Dame Shirley Porter as "freakishly real". In 2010, Oberman remained with the radio medium, performing opposite Catherine Tate.

Television and EastEnders
Her first major television role was in 1997 when she was cast as Zoe Gerrard, a security officer in the medical drama Casualty.

In 1998, she joined the cast of Comedy Nation, a satirical sketch show that featured some of Britain's leading up-and-coming comedians, such as Sacha Baron Cohen, Julian Barratt, and Robert Webb. This was followed by an assortment of parts in various television productions, including a performance in a two-part story for the police serial The Bill in 2000.

That year Oberman was cast as series regular "Beverly Jordan" opposite Michael Barrymore in Bob Martin, and became a lead performer in the award-nominated Lenny Henry in Pieces, starring actor/comedian Lenny Henry, which ran until 2003. In 2002 Oberman joined the second and final series of the sketch show Big Train, performing beside comedians Simon Pegg and Catherine Tate.

The following year saw the Harringham Harker move from radio to television as part of BBC 2's Autumn line-up alongside The Office and Coupling, with Oberman continuing in her role as lead and writer.

She has appeared in many other TV programmes, including; The Way It Is (2000), Bob Martin (2000–2001) opposite Michael Barrymore, Lenny Henry in Pieces (2000–2001), Big Train (2002), SuperTex (2003) and in episodes of Doctors, The Last Detective, Where the Heart Is, The Bill, Casualty. She played the previously unseen character of Marion in a special half-hour episode of the monologue series Marion and Geoff in 2001.

In 2004, Oberman moved away from comedy to join the popular BBC soap opera EastEnders, after she was cast as Chrissie Watts, the second wife of "one of the best-loved villains in soap history", "Dirty" Den Watts. It was a role she played for almost two years, and which brought her "stratospheric fame". Before long, Oberman would become one of the leading stars of the show and at the forefront of several storylines. At the time, though, television critics pointed to Oberman's extensive theatrical background and questioned: "why would an actress with such pedigree agree to be in EastEnders?" Oberman has continuously responded by placing the move in the context of her professional exposure, noting her position as a "jobbing actress" at the time and her desire to return to drama after her recent comedic roles. Making her debut on 29 April, Oberman was viewed as an "overnight success" in the role of Chrissie, with Amy Raphael of The Telegraph feeling that the actress "easily upstaged the rest of the cast with her three-dimensional portrayal of a classic soap bitch". In 2005, "18 million people" watched her character kill Den in a fit of rage to mark the 20th anniversary of EastEnders, with Oberman "anchoring" the show's success that year and dominating drama as Chrissie, who "packed into a year what most soap characters do in three." Commenting on her role two years after she left the show, Oberman concluded:

Oberman described her time on EastEnders as "hectic", leading her to depart the show during December 2005. However, the role of Chrissie has remained a defining point of her career. In a recent interview, Oberman remarked: "Chrissie was such a wonderful character and the show was watched by so many people, especially the murder of Den, that it opened up doors that I never thought it would. I had some fantastic offers when I left, there were film and theatre... it was wonderful for me; EastEnders is a very good calling card." Oberman has also recently declared her willingness to return to the part of Chrissie and EastEnders, even if only to provide a resolution for the character.

Before leaving EastEnders, Oberman provided the voice of "Miss Dickson" in the adult-themed cartoon Bromwell High for Channel Four.

It was also announced that Oberman would guest star in the second series of the revived Doctor Who, playing the character of Yvonne Hartman, whom she described as "a sophisticated sort of baddie", with a BBC source declaring Oberman "perfect to play evil Yvonne and will be brilliant at terrorising the next generation of viewers". The two-part series finale entitled "Army of Ghosts" and "Doomsday", aired in July 2006, attracting audiences of 8.19 million and 8.22 million respectively. Oberman extols her appearance in Doctor Who as a career highlight, being a "confessed Whovian" or fan of the show: "Some people, their life’s ambition is to walk in and see Queen Vic, mine was to see a Tardis and a sonic screwdriver... and a Dalek!"

In 2006, Oberman signed on to the BBC One six-part comedy-drama series Sorted as series regular Amy, alongside Will Mellor.

In 2008, she made a brief return to TV in the CBBC production Summerhill.

In 2009, Oberman made several guest-starring roles in BBC television programmes, beginning with Mistresses in which she played the owner of a sex-toy company. This was followed by a part in the BBC One drama Robin Hood, as the wife of the Sheriff of York. In September, Oberman returned to the medical series Doctors five years after first appearing in the programme, undertaking the role of 'black widow' Cathy Harley.

However, Oberman was most excited about her part in the "web thriller" Girl Number 9, which she playfully described as "the first Twitter-related drama that there's ever been!" Penned by James Moran, the adult-themed online horror series was headlined as a "big step forward" for British web drama, with Oberman playing the lead detective "Lyndon" beside Gareth David-Lloyd.

In 2011, Oberman played Auntie Val in the Channel 4 Friday Night Dinner. In 2013, Oberman filmed the third series of Friday Night Dinner for Channel 4.

From 2012 to 2015, Oberman played Mrs. Purchase in Matt Berry and Arthur Mathew's award-winning comedy for Channel 4, Toast of London.

In May–July 2013, Oberman filmed the 6 part series Give Out Girls for Sky Living/Big Talk productions as Debbie, the head of Hot Staff promotions girls.

In January 2014, Oberman played the character ,Audrey MacMurray, in the final episode of the second series of Father Brown which was shown on BBC One in their afternoon schedule and later in the evening on BBC Two in the evening.

Also that year, she became part of CRIMS for BBC3 playing 'hard as nails' Governor Riley.

New Tricks, the high ratings BBC drama, saw her appear regularly in as forensic anthropologist-Fiona Kennedy (series 11 and 12).

Oberman kept up her string of TV guest appearances with a role in the drama Tracy Beaker Returns, playing "Terrie Fender", a travel agent and con artist. She also joined the junior spy series M.I. High, as the "Grand Mistress". Appearing on the chat show, The Wright Stuff, Oberman revealed that she undertook the part because M. I. High was her nephew's favourite programme, but also added that she was a fan herself, describing it as a "junior version of Spooks.

She recently appeared on CBBC's Sadie J, playing Sadie's housekeeper, Tamara.

She appeared in BBC2's moving film about the Paralympics "Best Of Men" as Else Guttman.

Writing
From 2006–2007, Oberman was a regular columnist for The Guardian newspaper. From 2009–2017, she was a regular columnist for the Jewish Chronicle.

Oberman wrote and performed in her first BBC Radio 4 play which went out to great critical acclaim on 29 April 2010. Catherine Tate played Bette Davis and Oberman herself ( after persuasion by the producer ) played Joan Crawford with Lorelei King as Hedda Hopper. The play was Pick of The Week by Gillian Reynolds and garnered a huge amount of press interest due to the subject matter, and it being Oberman's first radio play.

She subsequently followed this up three weeks later by writing and performing her own BBC R4 short story called "Girl on an Island" as part of a series of three called Actors Voices ( along with Anna Massie and James Dreyfus)

On 16 October 2012 BBC Radio 4 Broadcast her second radio play Rock and Doris and Elizabeth ( starring Frances Barber and Johnathan Hyde as Rock Hudson and Doris Day and Oberman as Elizabeth Taylor) to very positive feedback. It followed Rock Hudson's AIDS scandal hitting the world's media after appearing on his old friend Doris Day's cable network show.
Radio Drama Review online described it as "poignant and utterly spellbinding".

She has also written comedy sketches and a sitcom for BBC Three, The Harringham Harker.

Three Sisters on Hope Street
In 2007, Oberman co-wrote Three Sisters on Hope Street with playwright and neighbour Diane Samuels. The play is a reinterpretation of Chekhov's The Three Sisters, transferring events to Liverpool after World War II and re-casting the Pozorov sisters as three Jewish Englishwomen. In an interview on Radio 4, Oberman spoke of the original inspiration and long gestation of the play:

Oberman described the work as "A kind of Three Sisters via Woody Allen", reflecting the humour she saw in Chekhov's story. She expanded upon this personal connection in an article for The Guardian: "Chekhov wrote about a world I recognised from my childhood – where intense pain is covered by bravura and humour, and where intense longing is masked by self-deprecation and wit. There was the same obsession with death, the same fierce familial loyalty, the same tendency toward melodrama – as well as a great passion for food." After returning from Moscow, Oberman continued to work on her reinterpretation for the next 15 years, but lacked the confidence to take her project further. However, after her success in EastEnders, she was offered "a lot of work" and was "in a position where I could green-light stuff for myself", determining that "this was the moment when I was going to make this dream happen".

A chance discussion with Diane Samuels in the back of a taxi one night led to the collaboration between the two. Oberman had had difficulty deciding where to transpose Chekhov's narrative, with Samuels offering up the idea of Liverpool, her home town, and the two agreeing on the post-war time frame: "Liverpudlians have their black sense of humour and comic timing, born out of having their city blown to smithereens during the war". This informed the new Jewish sensibility of the play which was anchored to the tone of Chekhov's original, where the melodrama of the Pozorov family masked the pain and social upheaval all about them. Oberman felt this echoed the way the Jewish community in Britain acted in the wake of the Holocaust: "people that close to the Second World War just didn’t talk about it – a bit like the elephant in the room". The intent of the play was "to take a family who has the Holocaust hanging over them, and still have them laugh and moan and bicker while wondering what's for breakfast".

In 2008, Samuels criticised Oberman for not acknowledging her role in interviews. Samuels said "There is a co-credit". Tracy made a verbal contribution to the play. I don’t feel it was co-written and I never will. I regard her as an actress, who creatively collaborated with me... I’m the primary author of the piece. And Tracy claims to have written the piece. She didn’t write a word of the first draft.”

Three Sisters on Hope Street opened at the Everyman in Liverpool on 25 January 2008 before beginning a second run at the Hampstead Theatre in London. The play received "rave reviews", being described as "an inventive reimagining" and "a bold, fresh and fruitful reinterpretation", showcasing "lively and intelligent" writing. Philip Key in the Liverpool Daily Post praised the adaptation as successfully capturing the sensibility of Liverpool, enabling the story to "be familiar to both theatre-goers and many Liverpudlians." Peter Fisher of The British Theatre Guide was even more ecstatic, describing the production as a "superb project" and a "superb evening's entertainment". However, other reviewers were more ambiguous, with Michael Coveney branding the play a "clever re-write" but poorly served by the actors involved. Similarly, The Guardian Arts editor felt the piece to be "a surprisingly faithful transposition", which "ingeniously" solves some of the problems inherent in relocating the original, but objected to what he saw was a "dependence on authorial cleverness in finding post-war parallels to their source".

Other work
Oberman has appeared as a guest reviewer on an episode of Film 2007 with Jonathan Ross, as a contestant on a Doctor Who special of The Weakest Link. She was the second one voted off. And as a special guest performer in Tim Crouch's two-hander The Oak Tree at the Soho Theatre. In 2004 she came a close second place  on Celebrity Mastermind, the specialist subject being The Imperial Roman Family Augustus to Claudius Caesar.

She appeared on Test The Nation.

In September 2005 she was a guest on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross In 2006 she was the guest on Nigel Slater's A Taste of My Life and in 2007 Oberman appeared on BBC One's Saturday Kitchen. She has featured  in the BBC Radio 4 show Rudy's Rare Records.

Oberman is also known for her narration of advertisements and documentaries such as Five's I'm A Celebrity: Who Won! and Channel 4's ’’Escape to the Chateau’’

She is featured in the video for The Yeah You's debut single "15 Minutes", hosting her fictional chat show, interviewing the rock band.

She made it through to the quarter-finals of Celebrity MasterChef in 2009. She is a regular panellist on The Wright Stuff.

Oberman hosted the "2009 International Hall of Fame Awards" at the International Women's Forum World Leadership Conference in Miami, 7–9 October.

In 2011 Oberman appeared in Born To Shine singing folk music and playing the guitar.

In 2012, Oberman was a judge, alongside Yiddish scholar, David Katz, on a Channel 4 reality series, Jewish Mum of the Year. Commenting, Maureen Lipman said "It’s disgusting. It is very damaging, with anti-Semitism being what it is. Not to mention that being a Jewish mother is nothing like the way they portray it.”  Former BBC chairman Michael Grade also criticised the programme, saying: “I don’t know what it was supposed to be. They seemed to cram in every cliché in the book.”

Israel and antisemitism
Oberman has described Israel as "a country I love", has friends and family living there and has holidayed there throughout her life. In April 2012, and again in September 2014, she called on supporters of Israel to be more active in campaigning on Twitter. She resigned as a member of the Labour Party in 2016 due to its delay in concluding the disciplinary process of Ken Livingstone after he referred to Hitler having supported, when he came to power, Jewish emigration to Palestine. In February 2019, Oberman and Rachel Riley instructed a lawyer to take action against 70 individuals for tweets which they perceived to be either libellous or tantamount to harassment, related to their campaign against antisemitism in the Labour party.

In late April 2019, she was one of over 100 celebrities who signed a statement against a campaign advocating the boycotting of the 2019 Eurovision Song Contest which was held that year in Israel.

Personal life
Oberman is a secular Jew who has said that "Jewishness is hardwired within me. It is the centre of the wheel from which all spokes emanate". In 2004, Oberman became engaged to music producer Rob Cowan. The couple was honeymooning in Thailand when the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami struck. In an interview with The People, Oberman described the experience as "one of those crystallised moments in my life. It's made me focus on the people I love. It also showed me the incredible generosity people are capable of. When you have seen something like that, you also stop taking the trivia so seriously". In August 2006, Oberman gave birth to a girl.

She is a keen science fiction buff.

Awards

Credits

Theatre

Radio and audio
2020 || Escape to the Chateau || || Reality series || PBS ||

Television

Film

Written

References

External links

 Tracy-Ann Oberman: To my great-grandmother, Fiddler on the Roof was documentary
 EastEnders actress Tracy-Ann Oberman: Now I am older I am determined

Category:1966 births
Category:Living people
Category:20th-century English actresses
Category:21st-century English actresses
Category:Actresses from London
Category:Alumni of the University of Manchester
Category:Alumni of the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama
Category:English comedy writers
Category:English dramatists and playwrights
Category:English radio actresses
Category:English soap opera actresses
Category:English stage actresses
Category:English television actresses
Category:Jewish dramatists and playwrights
Category:Jewish English actresses
Category:People from the London Borough of Brent
Category:Royal Shakespeare Company members


Nakshalbari College

Nakshalbari College, established in 2008, is general degree college in Naxalbari. It is in Darjeeling district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to  University of North Bengal.

Departments

Arts
Bengali
English
Nepali
Hindi
History
Political Science
Sociology
Education

References

Category:Universities and colleges in Darjeeling district
Category:Colleges affiliated to University of North Bengal
Category:Educational institutions established in 2008
Category:2008 establishments in India


Vacation from Marriage (1927 film)

Vacation from Marriage (German: Eheferien) is a 1927 German silent comedy film directed by Victor Janson and starring Harry Halm, Lilian Harvey and Jutta Jol.

The film's art direction was by Jacek Rotmil.

Cast
   Harry Halm as Wenzel Strakosch, Violin-Virtuose
 Lilian Harvey as Hella, seine zweite Frau
 Jutta Jol as Erika, seine erste Frau
 Hans Stürm as Carlos Torres, südamerikanisher Plantagenbesitzer
 Bert Bloem as Enrique, sein Sohn
 Angelo Ferrari as Rudi Becker, Tenor
 Else Reval as Seine bessere Hälfte
 Ida Perry as Frau Tuchel
 Asta Gundt as Adalgisa, ihre Tochter
 Harry Gondi as Hans, ein junger Mann
 Ruth Beyer as Mizzi, Mädel von heute
 Albert Paulig as Der Hoteldirektor

References

Bibliography
 Goble, Alan. The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film. Walter de Gruyter, 1999.

External links

Category:1927 films
Category:German films
Category:Films of the Weimar Republic
Category:Films directed by Victor Janson
Category:German silent feature films
Category:UFA films
Category:German black-and-white films
Category:1920s comedy films
Category:German comedy films


Hiroshi Maruyama

is the current Japanese Ambassador to Estonia and Finland.

He studied economics at the University of Tokyo.

He entered the Japanese Ministry of Transport in 1972, and served as director of the Public Relations Office, the Aviation Industries Division and the Road Transport Bureau. From 2005 to 2009 he served as Vice-Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.

See also
 List of Ambassadors of Japan to Finland

References

Category:1949 births
Category:Living people
Category:Japanese politicians
Category:Ambassadors of Japan to Estonia
Category:Ambassadors of Japan to Finland


Ski jumping at the 2011 Asian Winter Games – Normal hill individual

The men's normal hill K95 individual competition at the 2011 Asian Winter Games in Almaty, Kazakhstan was held on 4 February at the International Ski Jump Complex.

Schedule
All times are Almaty Time (UTC+06:00)

Results

References

Normal Hill Individual Results

External links
 Official website

Normal


Craugastor lineatus

Craugastor lineatus, also known as the Montane robber frog, is a critically endangered frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is native to Guatemala and southern Mexico (Oaxaca and Chiapas). It lives in lower montane evergreen forests. This is a critically endangered species which has experienced a rapid population decline, probably as a result of the effects of chytridiomycosis.

References

lineatus
Category:Amphibians of Guatemala
Category:Amphibians of Mexico
Category:Amphibians described in 1879
Category:Taxa named by Paul Brocchi


Twelfth grade

Twelfth grade, senior year, or grade 12 is the final year of secondary school in most of North America. In other regions it is also equivalently referred to as class 12 or Year 13. In most countries, students then often graduate at either ages 17-19. Some countries have a thirteenth grade, while other countries do not have a 12th grade/year at all. Twelfth grade is typically the last year of high school; graduation year.

Australia
In Australia, the twelfth grade is referred to as Year 12. In New South Wales, students are usually 16 or 17 years old when they enter Year 12 and 17–18 years during graduation (end of year). A majority of students in Year 12 work toward getting an ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admission Rank). Up until the start of 2020 the OP (Overall Position, which applies only to students in the state of Queensland) was used. Both of these allow/allowed them access to courses at university. In Western Australia, this is achieved by completing the WACE; in South Australia, this is achieved by completing the SACE; in Victoria, this is achieved by completing the VCE; in the Australian Capital Territory, this is achieved by completing the AST and in New South Wales this is achieved by completing the HSC.

In New South Wales, when completing the [HSC], students are required to satisfactorily complete at least 10 units of study in ATAR courses which must include:
 eight units from Category A courses
 two units of English
 three Board Developed courses of two units or greater
 four subjects

Some Year 12s may receive a Year 12 Jersey. Schools choose the design, colors, and writing which are printed or stitched onto the Jersey. Sometimes the last two digits of the year they are graduating are printed on the back (for example, "12" for 2012 school leavers) along with a personalized nickname. The front may show the school emblem and the student's name, which is occasionally stitched in.

Many schools conduct end of year "formals" (similar to a senior prom). They are held from any time between graduation from September to November. Australian private schools often conduct Year 12 balls in January or February of Year 12 instead of an end of year formal.

Belgium
In Belgium, the 12th grade is called 6de middelbaar or laatste jaar in Dutch, rhéto or 6e année in French. In the General Education, this year guides and prepares students for their first year in University by recalling everything learned during the past six years of secondary school.
In Skills Education, this year prepares the students for professional life with an Internship in the chosen domain.

Brazil

In Brazil, the 12th grade is called terceiro ano do ensino médio, also informally called terceiro colegial, meaning literally third grade of high school. It is typically attended by 17–18 years old students. During this grade, most students apply to what is called Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM), the Brazilian equivalent of the SATs in the US, and vestibular, the individual entrance examination particular to each university.

As in many countries, Grade 12 students attend Graduation, which involves a formal official ceremony, a party where students, relatives, and friends are invited and another party just for the students.

Bulgaria
In Bulgaria the twelfth grade is the last year of high-school. Twelfth-grade students tend to be 18–19 years old. Usually, students are preparing to take the Matriculation exam in the end of their 2nd semester.

Canada

In Canada, the twelfth grade is referred to as Grade 12. Students generally enter their Grade 12 year when they are 16 or 17 years old. If they are 16 years old, they will be turning 17 by December 31 of that year. In many Canadian high schools, students during their year, hold a series of fundraisers, grade-class trips, and other social events. Grade 12 Canadian students attend Graduation which usually involves an official ceremony and a dinner dance.

Ontario previously had Grade 13, which was briefly renamed Ontario Academic Credit (OAC), before being phased out, leaving Grade 12 as the final year. Grades 12 and 13 were similar to sixth form in England.

Quebec is the only province that does not have Grade 12; their students finish secondary school at the equivalent of Grade 11, and then do two years of college before going to university. Thus, when a student is in Grade 12 in Ontario, for instance, the student in Quebec is in his first year of college.

Newfoundland and Labrador did not introduce Grade 12 until 1983.

Denmark

In Denmark, the twelfth grade is the 3rd G, which is the final year of secondary school. 3.g is equivalent to 3rd grade of secondary school, or gymnasium. This is not compulsory, as education is only compulsory through 9th grade. Students are often 18-19 or older when they finish secondary school. The age of graduation is caused by the fact that Danish children first start school at 6. The reason that many students will be at the age of 20 when they graduate is because some people choose to have one-year gap between the 9th grade and gymnasium's 1st G (the first year of secondary school), where students typically go to special art- or sport-oriented boarding schools or become exchange students all over the world. This is optional though; you can go directly to the first year of secondary school after 9th grade.

Finland
The twelfth grade is the third and usually last year (a fourth-year is possible) of high school or secondary school (or Gymnasium)
The students graduate from high school the year they turn 19. The twelfth grade is shorter than the previous ones because the twelfth graders' lessons end in February and they go on to take their final exams shortly afterward.
Compulsory education ends after the ninth grade, so the upper grades are optional.

France
The equivalent grade in this country is Terminale, it is the third and last year of lycée which is equivalent to High-School, upon completion of which students sit for a test, the Baccalauréat. French-language schools that teach the French government curriculum (i.e. are part of the AEFE network) use the same system of grades as their counterparts in France. This is not compulsory, as education is only compulsory until students turn 16.

Germany
In Germany, students wishing to take the Abitur usually had to attend the thirteenth grade, but most states are shortening the Gymnasium (the university-bound secondary school system in Germany) from nine to eight years. But the recent tendency is re-introduction of the thirteenth year, as in Bavaria.

Greece
In Greece, the twelfth (12th) grade is called the third year of lyceum school or high school or upper secondary school (Triti Lykeiou – Τρίτη Λυκείου), and it is not compulsory to attend.

Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, 12th grade is called Form 6. Form 6 students are required to take the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education, also known as HKDSE.

Hungary
In Hungary, students take a national exam called érettségi (lit. "maturity test") at the end of their 12th grade, except for certain vocational schools, where they only take a vocational exam. The érettségi exam consists of standard school subjects, everyone has to take an exam of literature and grammar, mathematics, and history, and they have to choose 2 other subjects, one of which has to be a foreign language, and, in most vocational schools, the other is a mixed test of vocational knowledge.

12th-grade students often participate in graduation ceremonies before the érettségi exam. In most schools, there is a full-day ceremony on Friday or Saturday before the exam, which is called ballagás (lit. "going away", or "exiting"). In many schools, students attend other ceremonies during their 12th grade as well. For example, many schools hold a szalagavató event (lit. "ribbon commencement") at the beginning of the school year, where 12th graders receive a ribbon or a similar emblem with the name of their high school and the beginning and closing year of their studies there, which they later wear on their coats. 12th-grade students also often visit their teachers before the final exam, traditionally in the evening, either at their home or in the school, to sing them in the street below, and say farewell. This tradition is simply called serenade. They also often take choir rehearsals before to learn how to sing together.

India

In India, the equivalent grade is commonly referred to as "Class 12", or "plus 2". It is also called Intermediate College ("Inter"), HSC, Second Year Junior College (SYJC) or Pre-University Course (PUC) in different regions and states. Students entering Class 12 are usually 16–18 years old. The CBSE and ICSE boards issue course and examination guidelines for Class 10 and 12 nationally, while the various state boards operate at the state-level.

Students participate in a party organized by the school known as Farewell Function, quite similar to prom, at the end of the session.

After finishing twelfth grade, students usually apply for entrance examinations for entry into medicine, engineering, law, Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Commerce, Bachelor of Humanities or various other bachelor's courses. Entrance exams usually consist of multiple-choice-questions and are conducted at national and state levels. Additionally, some institutions hold their own entrance tests. After 3 (in some courses 4) years of Bachelor's course, they get a Bachelor's degree and are eligible to pursue a Master's degree at 21 ( or 22) years of age.

Ireland
In the Republic of Ireland, it is the sixth and final year of Secondary School, referred to as Sixth Year (for 17-18-year-olds), in which students take the Leaving Certificate Examinations. Students usually attend a dance or formal party at the end of this year before they move on to third-level education or start their adult lives: this is known as a Debs, Grad or Prom and is similar to prom in the United States.

Israel
In Israel, the twelfth grade is the third and last year of High School. Students typically begin this grade when they are about 17 years old, and in order to graduate, they have to pass and get a Bagrut certificate. Once finished, student are required to either serve in the Israeli military or do the Israeli community service for a time period (the number of years may vary).

Italy
In Italy, the twelfth grade is the fourth year of the high school (which is called Scuola media Superiore or Scuola secondaria di secondo grado). There are five years of high school total, sometimes grouped in different ways (2+3, 2+1+2), depending on the type of high school the student is attending. Students get the "Maturità", when they are in the fifth year of high school, de facto the thirteenth grade.

Lebanon
In Lebanon, the twelfth grade is the third year of high school, also referred to as The Third Year Of Higher Secondary Education. It can be called the class of seniors or the last class of the school. People in the twelfth grade are between the ages of 17 and 18.

Malaysia
In Malaysia, the 12th grade is also known as Form 6 in a secondary school which is further divided into Lower 6 and Upper 6. The students at this stage are 18 years old and will usually complete their schooling at 19 years old.

Mexico
In Mexico, the twelfth grade is the last year of high school, where students are normally aged 17–18. As in Mexico, the education is divided in "primaria" (6 years), "secundaria" (3 years) and "preparatoria" or "bachillerato" (3 years), the twelfth grade is usually called "tercero de preparatoria" (third grade of preparatory) or "Quinto y Sexto Semestre" (Fifth and Sixth Semester).

Netherlands
In the Netherlands, 12th grade is named by the school level. From low to high: "VMBO", "HAVO" and "VWO". VMBO is composed of four years, with 12th grade being the fourth (4th) and final year. A higher school level is the HAVO, which lasts for five (5) years. The highest school level is VWO, which lasts for six (6) years. So at the HAVO, students are considered senior if they are in "5th class", whereas at VWO, in "6th class" respectively. The last year mainly focuses on preparing for the final exams, after which students should be ready to go to college or university. Usually, 4th and 5th grade students are aged 16 to 17 and those who are in 6th grade usually are aged 17 to 18.

New Zealand
In New Zealand, 12th grade is known as Year 13 (New Zealand students attend 13 years of school, starting at the age of 5). Students in Year 13 are usually 17–18 years old. This is the last year of secondary school. In Year 13, students complete NCEA Level 3, which involves getting a certain number of 'credits' from different external exams and other internal assessments. Students must gain 80 achieved credits or higher (20 of which are taken from Level 2) to pass the year.

Norway

In Norway, 12th grade does not officially exist, but its equivalent is the 2nd grade of secondary school or gymnasium. This is not compulsory, as education is only compulsory until 10th grade.

Courses vary as students choose a specific program in 1st grade of secondary school or gymnasium. Examples of programs are General Studies, Media and Communication, Health and Care, Industrial work, Design and craftmanship, economics, or agriculture. There are 12 national programs, where 9 will get the students ready for work, and 3 will prepare the students for more advanced studies. Two of the vocational programs (media and communication, and agriculture) may also prepare the students for more advanced studies if taken the third year.

Pakistan
In Pakistan, the twelfth grade is the second year of college (the first being the eleventh grade) and is equivalently called the "second year." Students who graduate from the second year are normally between seventeen and eighteen years old. For entrance into universities, students undergo standardized exams like ECAT, MDCAT and exams conducted by the NTS.

Philippines
From 1945 until 2011, the basic education system was composed of six years of elementary education starting at the age of 6, and four years of high school education starting at the age of 12 (in which the fourth year was the equivalent of tenth grade/Grade 10). Further education was provided by technical or vocational schools, or in higher education institutions such as universities. Although the 1987 Constitution stated that elementary education was compulsory, this was never enforced.

In 2011, the country started to transition from its old 10-year basic educational system to a K to 12 educational system as mandated by the Department of Education; the department stated that the 10-year basic educational system was congested and designed for twelve years of teaching, not ten. Thus, the K to 12 system was introduced in order to establish educational continuity not just integrated with the ASEAN region system of basic education but aligned with the rest of the world. The 12-year system is currently compulsory, along with the adoption of an improved, decongested curriculum for all schools (see 2010s and the K–12 program). The transition period will end with the 2017–2018 school year, which is the first graduation year for the first group of students who entered the new educational system. Grade 12 is the second year of Senior High School and is now the new final year of high school prior to employment, entrepreneurship, or college/university in the country. Students are usually 17 – 18 years old.

Portugal
In Portugal, the 12th grade is considered the last year of compulsory education and the last year of high school. Students choose 5 out of a wide range of subjects, one of which being mandatorily physical education. Out of the other four, two of them are the subjects that will be evaluated in their final exams or national exams (exams national), one must be considered a branch of one of the two subjects that have been already evaluated in the 11th grade national exams and the last can be a broadening of an already studied subject or a whole new one.
The obligatory subjects (submitted to Nacional exams) depend on the field the student chose to study in the 10th grade:arts; science and technologies (best known as science);socioeconomic sciences (economy); humanistic and linguistic sciences (humanities) or a professional/technical course. Even inside a field, you can opt between specifics (subjects, whose exam is compulsory to a certain college course application), depending on what the student intends to study in college and on which university he plans to attend.

South Africa

In South Africa, Grade 12 is the final year of high school. It is more commonly referred to as matric, which is itself short for matriculation. (See Matriculation in South Africa).

At the end of Grade 12, students are said to be matriculated. This also refers to the minimum requirement for progressing to University. On average, Grade 12 students are between the ages of 17 and 19.

Spain
The closest equivalent to twelfth grade in Spain is the second year of Bachillerato, required for attending college.

Sweden

In Sweden, the twelfth grade does not officially exist, but its equivalent is the 3rd grade of secondary school or gymnasium. This is not compulsory, as education is only compulsory until 9th grade.

Courses vary as students choose a specific program in 1st grade of secondary school or gymnasium. Examples of programs are Nature and Science, Humanities, Arts, Economics, Health and care, Industry. There are 18 national programs, where 12 of them will get the students ready for work, and 6 will prepare the students for more advanced studies.

Students graduate the same year they'll turn 19, depending on if you are born early or late in the year you are either 19 or 18 at the day of your graduation.

Turkey

In Turkey, 12th grade is the last year of high school and compulsory education. In March, students who are interested to go to college take a test named Transition to Higher Education Examination (YGS). In this exam, students have to answer 160 questions (40 Turkish, 31 Maths, 9 Geometry, 15 History, 12 Geography, 8 Philosophy, 5 Religious Knowledge, 13 Biology, 14 Physics, 13 Chemistry) in 160 minutes. Those who answer correct at least 25% of this questions are allowed to take the Undergraduate Placement Examination (LYS). This exam also has different sessions for different branches, which include Mathematics, Geometry, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Turkish Literature, History, Geography, Philosophy, Religious Knowledge and Foreign Languages. It is not compulsory to take all of the subjects. Students usually are at the age of 18 at the end of the year.

United Kingdom

England and Wales
In England and Wales, "Year 13" (or "upper Sixth") is the last year of A-Level certifications, which are completed at the end of the year. Students are usually 16-17 in Year 12 and 17-18 in Year 13. In Northern Ireland this takes place in Years 13 and 14. In England, these two years are now compulsory until the age of 18 (after which a student can leave education if they choose without necessarily completing year 13) as of 2015 and are generally required for entry into higher education. There exist specific sixth form colleges dedicated to these years of education, sometimes known as "further education" to distinguish it from both secondary education, which is compulsory, and higher education, which implies university studies.

Scotland
In Scotland, this is the sixth year (or S6). Sufficiently good marks in 5th year may be adequate for entry into higher education. Highers are the entry qualifications to university which can be sat in S5, S6 and college, with Advanced Highers being the equivalent to year one of university which can be sat following higher exams.

Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland, there is a 7th year of primary school and a 7th year of secondary school.

United States

The twelfth grade is the twelfth school year after kindergarten. It is also the last year of compulsory secondary education, or "high school". Students often enter the grade as 16 and 17-year-olds and graduate as mostly 17 or 18-year-olds depending on their birthday. Twelfth graders are referred to as Seniors.

Many students consider the twelfth grade a year to relax and prepare for the transition out of their old lives into college/university or the workplace. Others take advantage of the opportunity to complete additional higher level courses, such as Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate, to earn credits for college/university.

Mathematics courses normally include Precalculus, Trigonometry, College Prep Math, Advanced Placement Calculus, Advanced Placement Statistics, Probability and Statistics, or SUPA Calculus.

Science courses include Advanced Placement Chemistry, Advanced Placement Biology, Advanced Placement Environmental Science, Astronomy/Meteorology, CSI Forensic Science, Marine Biology or Advanced Placement Physics B, Advanced Placement Physics C: Mechanics, or Advanced Placement Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism.

Social Studies courses include Government Law, Economics, Advanced Placement United States Government and Politics, Advanced Placement Comparative Government and Politics, Advanced Placement Psychology, Advanced Placement European History, Advanced Placement United States History, Advanced Placement Microeconomics, or Advanced Placement Macroeconomics.

English classes include Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition, Film and Literature, Sports and Literature, or Contemporary Literature. Popular works studied include Beowulf, The Canterbury Tales, Pygmalion, The Handmaid's Tale, Frankenstein, Othello, Inferno, Goethe's Faust, Hamlet, and Brave New World, as well as works of Romantic poets such as Edgar Allan Poe, John Keats, William Wordsworth, and Emily Dickinson.

Art classes include Advanced Placement Art History, Advanced Placement Studio Art, Advanced Placement Music Theory, Applied art in Theatre, Music Theory For Garage Band Musicians, IB Musical Analysis, IB Theatre Arts, Advanced Technical Theatre, Advanced Photography, Advanced Ceramics, Fashion Design and Illustration, Theatre Dance, Jazz Dance, IB Dance Studies Madrigal Singers, Jazz Singers, or Wind Ensemble.

Technology classes include Advanced Placement Computer Science, Java, Advanced Web Design, and C++ Programming.

Business classes include College Marketing, College Entrepreneurship, Sports and Entertainment Marketing, College Preparatory Interview Classes, and Advanced Fundamentals in Business.

Wellness classes include Physical Education, Health (if not yet taken), Weightlifting, and Advanced Training in First Aid.

Traditions associated with senior year
In the United States and some other countries, there is a graduation event near to the end of the school year (typically in May or June) more formally referred to as commencement, where "seniors" formally graduate from high school and receive their diplomas.

In many schools, seniors sit for formal senior portraits at the beginning of the school year or the summer prior to their senior year. These portraits are used in the upcoming graduating class' yearbook. The senior portraits in the yearbook are either in full color or black and white, but bigger than the smaller black and white pictures typically used for lower grades.  Many modern yearbooks are in full color. Some may have a caption other than the student's name, or a quote from the student.

There is a formal dance for this year's students, called senior prom; depending on the school, the junior class may host this dance for the seniors. Some schools hold a combined prom for juniors and seniors, while others segregate the two grades into separate dances.

Senior skip day (also known as senior ditch day) is a day during which the seniors do not attend school and skip all their classes. This event/tradition is often not recognized by school administrations and teachers. In some areas it is countered with an officially recognized senior day off, or by allowing graduating seniors to skip their final tests ("final exams"). This official senior day can also be used to sponsor a "senior field trip" or "senior class trip" where the class would, for example, go to a theme park, a lake, a resort,  the beach, or some other vacation-type activity. Following graduation, many seniors go on Senior Week, where they spend a week at the beach with their friends.  Many seniors that are in the arts (but sometimes other areas), such as band or choir, will have the opportunity to go on an extended vacation following graduation. The students, faculty, parents, and other people may fund the trip through fundraisers, donations, etc. Travel usually involves going out of the local state, and possibly overseas.

In some schools, Seniors receive a class ring at the beginning of their senior year. A "senior prank" is another common tradition in which the class may contribute towards a practical joke on the school,  administration, or local community. A related tradition is the senior class either raising money or contributing money for equipment or other things to the school as a token of gratitude and respect for the school's support of the seniors. An example of this could be a senior class contributing money for a new weight room for the school or a state-of-the-art telescope for the science department.  A similar project could involve the outside local community as well.

See also
Educational stage
Senioritis

References

12
Category:Secondary education


George Howson (British Army officer)

Major George Arthur Howson MC (7 September 1886 – 28 November 1936) was an officer in the British Army in the First World War, and later the founder and chairman of the Royal British Legion Poppy Factory.

Early life
Howson was the youngest child of George Howson, rector of Overton-on-Dee (then in Flintshire).  He was the descendant of Anglican clergymen through both parents: his paternal grandfather (John Howson) was Dean of Chester, and his maternal great-grandfather (Thomas Dealtry) was Bishop of Madras.  He was christened with a second forename, Arthur, but he disliked it, and never used it. His sister, Joan Howson, became a stained glass artist.

Howson was educated at Loretto School, Musselburgh, and studied at Heriot-Watt College in Edinburgh. After university, through his father's connections, he was found a position as assistant manager at Melalap Estate, a rubber estate in British North Borneo from 1909 to 1914, where he contracted malaria, dysentery, and jaundice.

War service
Howson was on sick leave in England in 1914 when the First World War broke out.  He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 11th (Service) Battalion of the Hampshire Regiment in September 1914.  He served on the Western Front throughout the war, from 1914 to 1918.  Having been promoted to captain, he was awarded the Military Cross for his actions at Pilckem Ridge in the Battle of Passchendaele on 31 July 1917, where, despite receiving a shrapnel wound, he encouraged his unit to continue repairing a road under shellfire.  He was promoted to major, and finally retired from the army in May 1920.

Post-war career
Howson married Jessie Gibson in September 1918.  She was the daughter of William Gibson, the Australian owner of the Foy & Gibson department stores.  The newly married couple quickly became wealthy after William Gibson died in November 1918.  His eldest child, and only son, Peter Howson later became a government minister in Australia.

Howson was the founding chairman of the Disabled Society in 1920, with Jack Cohen MP.  After the first Poppy Appeal in 1921 used artificial poppies imported from France by Madame Anna Guérin, the British Legion commissioned the Disabled Society to make poppies in England for the 1922 appeal.  Howson started with a workforce of five disabled ex-servicemen at a former collar factory on the Old Kent Road in June 1922.  The number of employees rapidly increased to over 40, and they made a million poppies within two months. The Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) visited the Poppy Factory in November 1924.  The factory made 27 million poppies that year.  Most of the employees were disabled, and by then there was a long waiting list for prospective employees.

The Disabled Society merged with the British Legion in 1925, and the Poppy Factory became a company limited by guarantee, with Howson as chairman.  The factory moved to Richmond, Surrey in 1926, to the premises of an old brewery bought using money donated by Howson.  Howson instituted the Field of Remembrance at Westminster Abbey in 1928, and the factory started to make remembrance crosses and wreaths.

Howson lived at Hambleden, near Henley-on-Thames, with a town house in Kensington.  He died of cancer of the pancreas.  He was buried at Hambleden, with the funeral service conducted by his father, by then an archdeacon and canon emeritus of Liverpool Cathedral.  He was survived by his wife and their four children.

References

 Philip Waller, ‘Howson, George (1886–1936)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 10 Nov 2011

Category:1886 births
Category:1936 deaths
Category:People educated at Loretto School, Musselburgh
Category:British Army personnel of World War I
Category:Recipients of the Military Cross


Carmarthen Bank

Carmarthen Bank was a bank established and formerly operated in the  county of Carmarthenshire, Wales during the 19th century. It became bankrupt in 1832 and its name was then adopted by another Carmarthenshire-based bank.

History
This bank was established in Carmarthen by the partnership known as  Waters, Jones & Co., and probably developed from one or more earlier banks operated under the name of Waters and variously referred to in the London Directory, for the years 1811–1816, as Waters; Waters & Co.; R. & R. Waters; and Thomas Waters & Sons.

During the Panic of 1825, the Bank of England suspended cash payments due to frequent provincial bank failures, leading to a general run on British banks in December 1825. In December, 1825 public meetings were held at the Guildhall, Carmarthen and at Llandeilo, where votes of public confidence were passed in Waters, Jones & Co. and David Morris & Sons. Both enterprises survived the 1825 crisis but, on 19 January 1832, Waters, Jones & Co. suspended all payments. The partners in Carmarthen Bank at this time were John Waters, Arthur Jones and David Jones, all of Carmarthen.

Attempts were made to avoid bankruptcy, and on 7 February 1832, an agreement was drawn up which recited that the accounts had been inspected on 21 January 1832, and that assets were sufficient to meet liabilities. Under this agreement, Waters, Jones & Co. would meet all the assets of Carmarthen Bank under the supervision of inspectors, who were to receive the proceeds of realisation of the assets on trust for the bank’s creditors. This agreement contained a proviso that if the partners of Sir James Esdaile & Co., bankers of Lombard Street, London, and certain other creditors holding nine-tenths of the value of the bank’s debts, did not execute the agreement before 1 May 1832, the agreement would be void and a commission of bankruptcy would be issued against Waters, Jones & Co. Although the partners in the bank, and some of the creditors, signed the agreement, the partners of Sir James Esdaile & Co., who were owed a large amount, did not. A fiat of bankruptcy was issued, and the notes exhibited at the Ivy Bush Hotel, Carmarthen on 11 September 1832, when a first dividend of 5 shillings in the pound was paid.

According to one authority, the liabilities of Waters, Jones & Co. amounted to £300,000, and the failure of the bank was the result of ‘issuing notes to the extent of nearly £100,000 upon unmarketable securities, and making advances in opposition to every principle of common sense and common safety. Money was freely lent, without security, to drovers to enable them to purchase cattle, and the wants of a large agricultural district were soothed in a similarly paternal manner.’ It may be that such harsh criticism was due to the writer being a heavy depositor in the bank.

Successor in name
It was probably after the failure of Carmarthen Bank that David Morris adopted the name, and changed the name of his bank from David Morris & Sons to Carmarthen Bank. David Morris & Sons had been formed from the amalgamation of Morris & Sons, which he had established in Carmarthen, in 1791, and Carmarthen Furnace Bank, which had been established by John Morgan of Furnace House, Carmarthen.

Bank notes
The earliest known bank note for this bank is for £2 and is dated 10 October 1825. Existing specimens of bank notes issued by the bank are for £1, £2, £5, £8, and £50. So far as is known, it is the only bank in England and Wales that issued a bank note for £8

Other Carmarthenshire banks
Other Carmarthenshire banks include: Carmarthen Furnace Bank, Llandovery Bank, Llanelly Bank, and David Morris & Sons.

References

External links
Carmarthenshire Archives Service, Carmarthen Bank Collection
Carmarthen Bank Note specimen
Money and Coins in Wales
BizFace News Forum, Banking Crisis: "Lloyds was a safe bank in 1825", posted 22 October 2008 at 17:35 by Royston
Gaian Economics site

Category:Banks of Wales
Category:Defunct companies of Wales
Category:History of Carmarthenshire
Category:19th-century establishments in Wales
Category:Companies based in Carmarthenshire


Portia Arthur

Portia Arthur (born 7 January 1990) is a Ghanaian author, writer and reporter. She launched her first book titled "Against The Odds" in July 2018. She also started the 'The Book Per Child Initiative', which aims at inspiring young people to read, by supporting them with educational materials and establishing reading clubs in various schools and churches.

Education
Arthur graduated from the Kwame Nkrumah University where she studied publishing.

Awards and recognitions
Arthur was nominated as the Fashion/Lifestyle Blogger of the Year at the 2019 Ghana Lifestyle Awards. She was also nominated for the MakeUp Blog of the Year at the 2019 Ghana MakeUp Awards for her contribution to Pulse Lifestyle on Pulse Ghana. On January 31st, 2020, Portia was verified on Instagram.

References

Category:Living people
Category:Ghanaian women
Category:Ghanaian publishers (people)
Category:Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology alumni
Category:1990 births


Luka Bloom

Luka Bloom (born Kevin Barry Moore; 23 May 1955) is an Irish folk singer-songwriter. He is the younger brother of folk singer Christy Moore.

Early life
Kevin Barry Moore was born on 23 May 1955 in Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland.  His parents were Andy Moore and Nancy Power, who had already raised three daughters and two other sons. Moore attended a Patrician Brothers primary school and later studied at Newbridge College, run by the Dominican Order. In college he formed the group Aes Triplex with his brother Andy and a school friend. He later attended a college in Limerick, but he dropped out after a couple of years to pursue a music career.

Early career as Barry Moore
In 1969, fourteen-year-old Barry Moore embarked on a tour supporting his eldest brother, Christy Moore, at various English folk clubs. Since then, he spent all of his time practising and writing music. In 1976, Christy recorded one of his songs "Wave up to the Shore". In 1977, Barry Moore toured Germany and England as part of the group Inchiquin.

In 1978, Moore released his debut album, Treaty Stone. In 1979, having normally played guitar using a finger-picking technique, he was afflicted with tendinitis—forcing him to learn to play with a plectrum (or "pick"), which altered his guitar style. That year, he moved to Groningen in the Netherlands. In 1980, he recorded and released his second album, In Groningen. In 1982, he released his third album, No Heroes, which contained songs all written by Moore himself. For three years, from 1983 to 1986, Moore was the front-man for the Dublin-based band Red Square. During this time, in 1984, his son Robbie was born.

Musical career
In 1987, Moore moved to the United States and began performing using the stage name of "Luka Bloom". He chose the name "Luka" from the title of Suzanne Vega's song about child abuse and "Bloom" from the main character in James Joyce's novel Ulysses. Initially he lived and performed primarily in Washington D.C., but in winter 1987 he moved to New York City. The following year, he released his first album – later withdrawn – under the name Luka Bloom.

In 1990, Bloom released his album Riverside, which included the song "The Man Is Alive".  The album was recorded in New York, with its lyrics reflecting his experiences living and performing in that city. In 1991, Bloom returned to Dublin to record The Acoustic Motorbike, which included a cover version of LL Cool J's "I Need Love". The cover song was reviewed by Rolling Stone magazine, noting that "the prospect of a folksy Irish rocker covering a rap ballad may seem strange, but experimenting with different forms is precisely what keeps established traditions vital."

In 1993, Bloom again returned to Ireland to record the album Turf, this time with producer Brian Masterson and sound engineer Paul Ashe-Browne. The album attempted to capture the sound of a live performance, and was recorded in front of an audience that was asked to remain as quiet as possible. In 1998, Bloom released Salty Heaven, an album inspired by his return to Ireland.

Bloom's early albums showcased his frenetic strumming style (once described as "stadium rock for the bedroom"), including "Delirious", the debut track on Riverside, and his penchant for thoughtful cover songs, an affinity that he maintains even in more recent work. He had previously covered LL Cool J's I Need Love and Elvis Presley's Can't Help Falling in Love on the album The Acoustic Motorbike.

Released in 2000, Keeper of the Flame was an album of cover versions featuring renditions of ABBA's "Dancing Queen", Bob Marley's "Natural Mystic", and the Hunters and Collectors' "Throw Your Arms Around Me", among others.

Bloom's 2004 acoustic mini-album, Before Sleep Comes, was recorded while he was recovering from tendinitis. He stated that the purpose of the album was "to help bring you closer to sleep, our sometimes elusive night-friend".

In 2005, Bloom released the album Innocence. Some of the songs feature a new-found interest in Eastern European Romany music and other world music. The album features Bloom playing classical guitar, and the resonant plucking associated with that style of instrument. In his previous work, Bloom relied almost exclusively on steel-stringed guitars that created his distinctive style.

In 2007, Bloom released the album Tribe —a collaboration with County Clare musician Simon O'Reilly. O'Reilly composed the music and sent the recordings to Bloom for him to complete with lyrics and singing.

In February 2008, Bloom released a DVD titled The Man is Alive, featuring footage filmed in Dublin and at his home in Kildare, a question and answer session with fans, the documentary My Name is Luka, and a CD of music taken from the two performances.

In September 2008, Bloom released the album Eleven Songs, which featured an expanded ensemble of instrumentation, giving the album a distinct sound within his catalogue.

Discography

Albums

 Treaty Stone (1978, as Barry Moore)
 In Groningen (1980, as Barry Moore, with Eamon Murray)
 No Heroes (1982, as Barry Moore)
 Luka Bloom (1988, withdrawn)
 Riverside (1990)
 The Acoustic Motorbike (1992)
 Turf (1994)
 Salty Heaven (1998)
 Keeper of the Flame (2000)
 The Barry Moore Years (2001, compilation)
 Between the Mountain and the Moon (2001)
 Amsterdam (2003, live)
 Before Sleep Comes (2004)
 Innocence (2005)
 Tribe (2007)
 The Platinum Collection (2007, compilation)
 The Man Is Alive (2008, CD/DVDs)
 Eleven Songs (2008)
 Dreams in America (2010)
 This New Morning (2012)
 Head & Heart (2014)
 Frugalisto (2016)
 Refuge (2017)
 Breathe (2018, Meditation with Trea Heapes)
 Sometimes I Fly - Live in Bremen 2001 (2018)

References

External links

Luka Bloom MySpace
Everything about Luka Bloom
Luka Bloom guitar music (tabs)

Category:1955 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Newbridge, County Kildare
Category:Musicians from County Kildare
Category:Irish singer-songwriters
Category:Irish songwriters
Category:Irish male singers
Category:Reprise Records artists
Category:V2 Records artists
Category:People educated at Newbridge College


West Virginia Route 90

West Virginia Route 90 is a  long north–south state highway in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia. The route, located within Tucker County and Grant County, runs parallel to the Maryland state line for most of its length. The southern terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 219 one mile (1.6 km) north of Thomas. The northern terminus is at U.S. Route 50 (the Northwestern Turnpike) in Gormania less than  east of the North Branch Potomac River.

Major intersections

References

090
Category:Transportation in Tucker County, West Virginia
Category:Transportation in Grant County, West Virginia


Charles Fox

Charles Fox may refer to:

Politicians
Charles James Fox (1749–1806), British politician
Charles Fox (1660–1713), British politician, Paymaster of the Forces
Charles N. Fox (1829–1903), California Supreme Court Justice
Charles Fox (socialist activist) (1861–1939), British socialist activist and dentist
Charles L. Fox (1854–1927), American artist, philanthropist and socialist from Maine

Engineers
Charles Douglas Fox (1840–1921), British civil engineer
Charles Fox (civil and railway engineer) (1810–1874), British civil and railway engineer, built the Crystal Palace

Sports
Charlie Fox (Charles Francis Fox, 1921–2004), American baseball manager, scout, coach, and athlete
Charles Fox (cricketer) (1858–1901), English cricketer
Charlie Fox (footballer) (born 1998), English footballer
Charlie Fox (rugby union) (1898–1984), Australian rugby union player
Charles Fox (swimmer) (born 1948), Zambian Olympic swimmer

Musicians
Inez and Charlie Foxx (1939–1998), American musicians
Charles Fox (jazz critic) (1921–1991), British jazz critic
Charles Fox (composer) (born 1940), film and television composer

Others
Charles Fox (artist) (1794–1849), English artist
Charles Fox (mathematician) (1897–1977), British-born mathematician
Charles Fox (scientist) (1797–1878), British scientist
Charles Eli Fox (1879–1926), American architect, partner in the Chicago firm of Marshall and Fox
Charles Elliot Fox (1878–1977), English ethnographer and missionary
Chappie Fox (Charles Philip Fox, 1913–2003), circus historian and philanthropist
Charles Richard Fox (1796–1873), illegitimate son of Henry Richard Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland
Charley Fox (Charles W. Fox, 1920–2008), Canadian Air Force officer in WWII
Charles Masson Fox (1866–1935), Cornish businessman and chess player
Charles Vincent Fox (1877–?), British army officer and rower
Charles R. Fox (1912–2006), American Major General
Charles James Fox (doctor) (1799–1874), English physician

See also
Charles Foxe (died 1590), MP for Much Wenlock and Ludlow


Deanna Dunagan

Deanna Dunagan (born May 25, 1940) is a Chicago-based American actress. Although Dunagan has appeared on television and in films, she is most admired for her work as a stage actress. She is best known for her Tony Award-winning portrayal of Violet Weston in Tracy Letts' August: Osage County and for her portrayal of Nana in M. Night Shyamalan's 2015 film The Visit. She has also appeared in the recurring role of Mother Bernadette on the Fox television series The Exorcist, and Dr. Willa Sipe in the 2018 film An Acceptable Loss by writer Joe Chappelle.

Early life and education
Dunagan was born and raised in Monahans, Texas, United States, the daughter of Kathlyn (Cosper) and John Conrad Dunagan. The eldest of five children, her father was a Coca-Cola bottler and president of the Texas Historical Association; her mother was a stay-at-home parent with an active presence in the community. In an interview, Dunagan light-heartedly described her extended family, "My heritage is a long line of Southern Baptist and Methodist preachers. And aren't they all just frustrated actors?"

Dunagan earned a degree in music education from the University of Texas, Austin. She married her high school sweetheart and gave birth to a son; but the marriage ended a few years later. Following her divorce, Dunagan's parents agreed to fund graduate studies at Trinity University, Texas through the Dallas Theater Center. While writing her Master's thesis, Dunagan lived in Mexico. She was engaged to a bullfighter, but they never married, and she went on to pursue her acting career in the United States.

Career
Dunagan began her acting career touring in dinner theater and later performing in regional theaters such as the Asolo Repertory Theatre in Sarasota, Florida, and the Actors Theatre of Louisville before trying her luck in New York City. She made her Broadway debut in the 1979 production of George Bernard Shaw's Man and Superman at Circle in the Square as an understudy for Ann Sachs. Sachs became ill at one point during the show's run and Dunagan filled in for her with great success. This exposure led to her to being signed with International Creative Management.

In 1981, Dunagan performed in the first national tour of Children of a Lesser God. During the tour, Dunagan visited Chicago for the first time and immediately fell in love with the city. After the end of the tour, Dunagan moved to Chicago and has lived there ever since, performing in more than 30 theaters in the Chicago area. Her work on the Chicago stage has garnered her three Joseph Jefferson Awards and three After Dark Awards.

She has worked in films including The Visit, The Naked Face, Running Scared, Men Don't Leave, and Losing Isaiah. She has also appeared in made for television movies, in the TV mini-series A Will of Their Own and Amerika, and as a guest star on the television shows Prison Break, What About Joan, Missing Persons, and The Strain. She has had recurring roles in Unforgettable and The Exorcist.

In 2007-2008, Dunagan returned to Broadway in the Steppenwolf Theatre's production of Tracy Letts' August: Osage County, having originated the role in Chicago. For her performance, Dunagan won a Tony Award, Theatre World Award, Drama Desk Award, and an Outer Critics Circle Award. She went on to portray Violet Weston in productions in London's West End in 2009 and in Sydney, Australia in 2010.

She returned to New York in 2017 to Playwrights Horizons Off-Broadway to perform in the world premiere of The Treasurer.

Filmography

Film

Television

Theatre

References

External links

Category:1940 births
Category:American film actresses
Category:American stage actresses
Category:American television actresses
Category:Drama Desk Award winners
Category:Living people
Category:People from Monahans, Texas
Category:Tony Award winners
Category:Actresses from Texas
Category:20th-century American actresses
Category:21st-century American actresses


Marvin Möller

Marvin Möller (born 18 January 1999) is a German tennis player.

On the junior tour, Möller has a career high ITF junior ranking of 22 achieved in June 2016. Möller reached the quarterfinals of the 2016 French Open boys' singles event as a qualifier.

Möller made his ATP main draw debut at the 2016 German Open.

ATP Challengers and ITF Futures finals

Singles: 3 (1–2)

Doubles: 3 (1–2)

References

External links

Category:1999 births
Category:Living people
Category:German male tennis players
Category:Sportspeople from Hamburg


Aplysiatoxin

Aplysiatoxin is a cyanotoxin produced by certain cyanobacteria species. It is used as a defensive secretion to protect these cyanobacteria from predation by fish, being a potent irritant and carcinogen, by acting as a powerful activator of protein kinase C. While this action has a tumour-promoting effect, protein kinase C activation can be medically beneficial for some other applications, and synthetic analogues of aplysiatoxin have been researched for anti-cancer effects.

See also
 Debromoaplysiatoxin

References

Category:Oxygen heterocycles
Category:Cyanotoxins
Category:Bromoarenes
Category:Lactones
Category:Halogen-containing natural products
Category:Enzyme activators
Category:Phenols


CBU Events Center

The CBU Events Center is a sports arena in Riverside, California. It opened in 2017 and has a capacity of 5,050.

The 153,000-square-feet facility is home to the Cal Baptist Lancers men's and women's basketball teams as well as select matches for the women's volleyball and men's wrestling teams. The arena replaced Van Dyne Gym for men's and women's basketball as part of the Lancers' transition to Division I. The women's volleyball team and men's wrestling team use Van Dyne Gym as their main venue.

In addition to athletic events, the arena also hosts CBU's chapel program, student orientation activities and commencement ceremonies.

Gallery

See also
 List of NCAA Division I basketball arenas

References

Category:Basketball venues in California
Category:Volleyball venues in California
Category:Wrestling venues in California
Category:California Baptist Lancers sports venues
Category:College basketball venues in the United States
Category:College volleyball venues in the United States
Category:College wrestling venues in the United States
Category:Indoor arenas in California
Category:Sports venues in Riverside, California
Category:Sports venues completed in 2017
Category:2017 establishments in California


Comrades (The Americans)

"Comrades" is the second season premiere of the American television drama series The Americans, and the 14th overall episode of the series. It originally aired on February 26, 2014 in the United States on FX.

Plot
KGB agent Elizabeth Jennings (Keri Russell) leaves a remote safe house to return home after recovering from her gunshot wound. As she drives down a forested road, she almost hits a doe and two fawns with her car.

Meanwhile, her husband Philip Jennings (Matthew Rhys), posing as an American agent, is arranging a weapons deal with two male Afghans in a Middle Eastern-themed restaurant; the younger Afghan is acting as an interpreter for the other, an older man who appears to be a decision maker, likely a village elder. The interpreter presents Phillip with a knife which he claims was used to kill his first Soviet soldier (apparently in the Soviet–Afghan War). Phillip accepts the knife and then shoots both Afghans in the legs/knees with a silenced pistol held under the table. He then outright kills the wounded elder and gives the wounded interpreter a message: no one, not even Allah, can protect them as the KGB are everywhere.  As Phillip attempts to leave, with the obvious intention of leaving the interpreter alive with the message, the interpreter attacks Phillip, pulling his wig off his head. Phillip then kills him. While escaping the restaurant, Phillip encounters a busboy and kills him as well (presumably for betraying himself as a witness).  Phillip returns to his vehicle and becomes emotional, nearly crying, before driving away.

The next morning, Philip drives Elizabeth home in time for their son Henry's (Keidrich Sellati) 11th birthday party. During the party, Phillip gives his neighbor, FBI agent Stan Beeman, a refund for the trip he had arranged as a reconciliation attempt with his wife.  Stan remarks that it is good to see that Phillip and Elizabeth are now back together; Phillip advises Stan to give his own marital relationship time.  Henry receives a telescope as a birthday present and want to set it up right away, but Phillip suggests waiting until the next day as the babysitter, Abbie, will be arriving soon so he and Elizabeth can go on a "date". Henry is initially disappointed they intend to leave on his birthday, but relents when his sister Paige (Holly Taylor) expresses acceptance of their parents' need for some time alone together.

The date, however, is a cover for a mission assisting another Soviet spy couple, Emmett and Leanne Connors.  Posing as Air Force security, Phillip and Emmett burst into a hotel room where Elizabeth and Leanne are having sex with Roy, a Lockheed employee. While Phillip confronts a surprised Roy, Emmett takes both Elizabeth and Leanne to the door where he pretends to instruct unseen officers to take Elizabeth and Leanne to "lockup"; both are then seen rushing down the hotel hallway unescorted.   Philip and Emmett confront Roy with the suspicious circumstances of his current sexual encounter (i.e., revealing Elizabeth and Leanne to be spies who were sleeping with him only because of his secret clearance at Lockheed and the fact that he is working on a Skunk Works project).  Phillip and Emmett then offer to "protect" Roy provided he reveal his security protocols in life and at Lockheed, report future phone logs and contacts, and use the various codes they provide for his office work (e.g., brief cases and office safe).

Meanwhile, Henry, Paige and their babysitter are watching television together at home.  Paige then returns to the basement laundry room, and begins to search through Elizabeth's as-yet unpacked suitcase.  She is startled by Henry who inquires into her actions.  After fumbling an answer, Paige responds that she intends to do the laundry for Elizabeth as a surprise.  Henry expresses both disbelief and disinterest ("whatever") and leaves.

Sitting on a vehicle hood drinking beer in a construction site, Elizabeth and Leanne are discussing their current lives.  Elizabeth reveals the cover-story for her recent absence, which was that she had been caring for a sick aunt, "Aunt Helen". They are joined by Phillip and Emmett who reveal the date-mission to be a success. The two couples reminisce about their children's youth and how quickly they grow up. The two couples decide to go to the amusement park the next day to see each other and their kids.

Later that night, Paige grows suspicious of her parents' activities. She wonders if they ever came home, so she opens their door and sees them having mutual oral sex. Breakfast the next morning is awkward with unintentional entendres. Philip wonders "if this is the first time she has ever checked on us?"

At the FBI counterintelligence office, Agent Frank Gaad (Richard Thomas) orders Stan to stop being so fixated on the Illegals couple that escaped. Gaad asks Stan to trust his source, Nina (Annet Mahendru), who had claimed that the woman had died of her injuries and the man had been exfiltrated. Sanford storms into headquarters to demand his $500,000. Stan tells him he will not get his money because none of his information could be verified. Stan says he is doing Sanford a favor by keeping him out of prison because Colonel Rennhull pressed charges on Sanford. Stan, with the help of another FBI agent, takes a bootlegged copy of The French Lieutenant's Woman for a date night with Nina. Nina is displeased with the film. She tells him of a new arrival at the Rezidentura, Oleg Igorevich Burov, who is responsible for spying on science and technology. The next day, Sanford goes to Colonel Rennhull's house and is killed by the Colonel in self-defense (supposedly). Gaad and Stan go to the crime scene. Stan observes the two bullet holes in Sanford's head and says, "You'd think one in the head would have been enough."

At the amusement park, Emmett covertly contacts Philip and asks him to do a brush pass with an unnamed agent (John Carroll Lynch), explaining that he cannot do it himself because he might be recognized by the surveillance team following the man. He instructs Philip to use Henry as a prop that will be recognized by the agent, and will avoid alerting the surveillance team. Leanne and their children will then block for Philip. Emmett tells Philip to drop the package off at his hotel room later. Philip initially objects "We don't use our kids", but then relents and carries out the task successfully.

Philip and Elizabeth go to the hotel and are shocked to find Emmett, Leanne, and their 15-year-old daughter, Amelia, shot dead. Philip tells Elizabeth to get their own kids, and retrieves a notebook with codes from Emmett's luggage. He walks out of the hotel room and passes by Emmett's teenage son, Jared. Philip leaves, Jared walks into his hotel room, and starts screaming in horror.

Elizabeth and Philip frantically retrieve their kids from the park and go home. That night, Philip decodes Emmett's information and Elizabeth is extremely paranoid. Philip regrets using Henry as a prop and putting him in danger, but Elizabeth forgives him. She tells him he has to spend the night as planned with Martha, the FBI employee whom he married under another identity.

Stan comes home early from work. His wife Sandra warms up to him and asks him to go to the movies with her. Coincidentally, the film is The French Lieutenant's Woman.

The episode ends with Philip, disguised as FBI counterintelligence agent Clark, lying with Martha and talking about his job, stating that "it gets to you in ways you didn't think it would". Meanwhile, Elizabeth watches out the window anxiously.

Production
The episode was written by Joel Fields and series creator Joe Weisberg and directed by Thomas Schlamme.

Reception
Comrades received critical acclaim. The A.V. Club gave the episode a perfect A grade. Also, Eric Goldman of IGN rated the episode 8.5/10 stating; 'The Americans returned with a strong premiere that quickly raised the stakes.' Writing in The Atlantic, Spencer Kornhaber observed that the episode "raises the FX series' stakes by making its secret agents face a universal fear", namely about the safety of their own children.

References

External links

Category:The Americans (season 2) episodes
Category:2014 American television episodes


Three Rivers Regional Library System

The Three Rivers Regional Library System (TRRL) is a public library system that serves the counties of Brantley, Camden, Charlton, Long, McIntosh, and Wayne, Georgia. The administrative office of the system is located in Jesup, Georgia.

TRRL is a member of PINES, a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to the system's collection of 10.6 million books. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "GeorgiA LIbrary LEarning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text.

The library system is named after the three rivers that course through the region of Southeast Georgia. These rivers are the St. Marys River, the Altamaha River, and the Satilla River.

History

Wayne County Library

The founding of the Three Rivers Regional Library System may be attributed to the first library in Wayne County, as this county is the home of the current central headquarters for the system. Built in 1937 through efforts by the Works Progress Administration, the Wayne County Library started off with a small, inadequate building. By the end of 1938 many of the books in the collection were already in bad repair, and public funding of the library was minimal. Constant financial support was afforded to the library by the Georgia Library Commission for its first decade in order to stay afloat.

Towards the beginning of 1950 the Tecoma Garden Club helped to alleviate some of the library's financial issues. The club first secured permission and petitioned interested parties for monies to construct a library space in the local Community House. The initial goal of $2,000 was met and exceeded, and in the end the Garden Club has raised $6,000 to be used for the project. In order to incorporate the ideologies of the Garden Club with the wishes of the Public Library blueprints called for a library which included large windows and French doors looking out onto a grassed terrace, nestled in a grove of pine trees. Due to problems in construction the entire $6,000 fund was spent before the building saw completion. The City of Jesup provided $200 for plumbing and heating, and the rest of the $2,000 deficit was raised through more efforts by the Garden Club. The library officially opened on November 9, 1949, and is the building which is still in use today.

Regional History
The next county of the system to have a library was Camden County, which began their library also in 1949. Throughout the next fifty years six neighboring counties joined the system, and in 2000 the name was officially changed to Three Rivers Regional Library System.

In 2010 disagreements broke out between the library in Glynn County and the rest of the system. By 2013 Glynn County formed their own library system in county seat Brunswick, Georgia called the Marshes of Glynn Libraries.

Branches

Library systems in neighboring counties
Ohoopee Regional Library System to the north.
Live Oak Public Libraries to the north east.
Marshes of Glynn Libraries to the east.
Okefenokee Regional Library System to the west.

References

External links
PINES Catalog

Category:County library systems in Georgia (U.S. state)
Category:Public libraries in Georgia (U.S. state)


MIT Crime Club

The MIT Crime Club is a Massachusetts Institute of Technology student group known for its promotion of high-technology products and services to address crime problems and for its unauthorized investigation of a murder in a Harvard dorm. It was established in 2005 to undertake campus-safety projects and raise awareness of crimes in the MIT area. It rebroadcasts police radio transmissions online, assembles police-log compilations, and constructs crime maps.

In 2009 the club hired two private detectives to investigate the murder of a drug dealer in a Harvard residence hall. They were arrested and prosecuted; the case was dismissed before trial. The club later contributed to a Snapped: Killer Couples television episode about the murder.

History

The MIT Crime Club was established by two MIT students in 2005. Harvard students have also joined the group.

On June 2, 2009, a Boston Globe correspondent wrote that MIT's news office said MIT did not know of any crime club at the school. In August, a staff writer at Boston magazine reported that the club was an MIT-authorized group with a membership of five MIT students and one or more graduates.

Activities

The group compiles incident data from police logs, constructs crime maps, and rebroadcasts MIT, Harvard, and Cambridge police radio transmissions online. Members have written weekly police-log compilations for MIT's newspaper, The Tech.

In 2009 the group awarded an MIT dormitory a "Sparky the Fire Dog Award for Not Setting Off as Many Fire Alarms as Last Year". In 2010 the group sponsored and hosted an MIT event, the MIT Security Workers Solidarity Gathering, where the patrol officers' union discussed upcoming negotiations.

In September 2011 the Cambridge City Council adopted a resolution thanking the members for sponsoring bicycle theft-prevention workshops and so forth. "Club members have for six years furnished MIT students with technology and data of value in safeguarding their persons and property ..."

Influence

In 2006 a club member who had written police log compilations at the Tech was hired by the Cambridge Chronicle as its first "Police Log Compiler for MIT and Harvard".

On May 30, 2009, the group hired a private-detective team to investigate security at Harvard University after a marijuana dealer was shot to death in a dormitory basement. The detective and his assistant were arrested by university police and prosecuted on charges of breaking and entering and trespass. A Massachusetts District Court judge dismissed the case before trial, finding that the evidence offered by the prosecutors was legally insufficient to convict the defendants.

PI Magazine, a trade journal, said of the ruling:

One apparent implication is that investigators may take photographs in residential common areas at universities without being subject to immediate arrest. Permission can be granted by an occupant of the residence hall floor. Investigators need not obtain permission of the owner.

The club later contributed to a Killer Couples television episode about the shooting.

In January 2010, Harvard students "looking to MIT's Crime Club as an example" organized the Harvard College Crime Club; the organization was recognized by the college's Office of Student Life.

Finances

The group is funded in part by alumni contributions. MIT's alumni association established an MIT Crime Club Fund to support its initiatives.

References

Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology student life
Category:Student organizations by university or college in the United States
Category:Civil crime prevention
Category:2005 establishments in Massachusetts
Category:Organizations established in 2005


Chellampatti

Chellampatti may refer to several places in the state of Tamil Nadu, India:

 Chellampatti, Dharmapuri, a village in Harur taluk, Dharmapuri district
 Chellampatti, Erode, a village in Ammapet taluk, Erode district
 Chellampatti, Madurai, a village in Thirumangalam taluk, Madurai district
 Chellampatti, Orathanadu, a sub-village of Vadakkur South, Orathanadu taluk, Thanjavur district
 Chellampatti, Thanjavur, a neighbourhood in Thanjavur City, Thanjavur Taluk, Thanjavur district


Aspergillus galapagensis

Aspergillus galapagensis (also named Neosartorya galapagensis) is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Fumigati section. Several fungi from this section produce heat-resistant ascospores, and the isolates from this section are frequently obtained from locations where natural fires have previously occurred. The species was first described in 2014. It has been isolated from soil in Ecuador. It has been reported to produce gregatins.

Growth and morphology

A. galapagensis has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the colonies can be seen in the pictures below.

References

Further reading

galapagensis
Category:Fungi described in 2014


Pareuxesta xanthomera

Pareuxesta xanthomera is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pareuxesta of the family Ulidiidae.

See also

List of insects

References

Category:Ulidiidae


1999 Ryedale District Council election

The 1999 Ryedale District Council election to the Ryedale District Council were held on 6 May 1999.  The whole council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

Election result

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External links
1999 Ryedale election result

1999
Category:1999 English local elections
Category:1990s in North Yorkshire


Sidi Yaya Keita

Sidi Yaya Keita (born 20 March 1985) is a Malian former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

Club career
Born in Bamako, Keita moved to France at 18, signing for RC Strasbourg and spending his first year with the reserves, proceeding to be relatively used by the first team in the following two Ligue 1 seasons. He made his debut in the competition on 16 October 2004, playing 90 minutes in a 2–2 away draw against AC Ajaccio. While at Strasbourg Keita played as they won the 2005 Coupe de la Ligue Final.

Keita joined fellow league side RC Lens in the 2006–07 season, for €4.5m, as a replacement for Alou Diarra who joined Olympique Lyonnais. On 25 August 2007, he scored his first goal as a professional, in a 1–2 loss at former club Strasbourg, but the campaign eventually ended in relegation.

On 31 August 2009 Keita was loaned to Xerez CD in Spain, as the Andalusians were having their first La Liga experience. He made his first appearance on 27 September in a 0–0 away draw against RCD Espanyol, and quickly won the battle for first-choice holding midfielder over legendary club player Vicente Moreno, but they eventually dropped down a division.

After only eight league matches with Lens in 2010–11, with the club again being relegated, Keita was released by Les Sang et Or.

International career
Keita made his debut for the Mali national team on 3 September 2005, against the Democratic Republic of Congo. On 11 October 2008, he scored twice in a 2–1 home win against Chad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifiers.

Personal life
Keita's cousin, Seydou Keita, was also a footballer and a midfielder. He too represented Lens and, with great individual and team success, also played for FC Barcelona.

He was the nephew of Salif Keita, who played for, amongst others, AS Saint-Étienne and Valencia CF.

Honours
Strasbourg
Coupe de la Ligue: 2004–05

Lens
Ligue 2: 2008–09
Coupe de la Ligue: Runner-up 2007–08

References

External links
Racing Lens archives

Category:1985 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Bamako
Category:Malian footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Djoliba AC players
Category:Ligue 1 players
Category:Ligue 2 players
Category:RC Strasbourg Alsace players
Category:RC Lens players
Category:La Liga players
Category:Segunda División players
Category:Xerez CD footballers
Category:Mali international footballers
Category:Malian expatriate footballers
Category:Expatriate footballers in France
Category:Expatriate footballers in Spain
Category:Malian expatriate sportspeople in France
Category:Malian expatriate sportspeople in Spain

no:Sidi Yaya Keita
zh:巴卡里·科内


Des Mullarkey

Des Mullarkey (19 September 1899 – 1 September 1975) was an Australian cricketer. Mullarkey played seven first-class matches for New South Wales in 1923/24. He was also a first-grade rugby league footballer for St. George in the club's second season.

See also
 List of New South Wales representative cricketers

References

External links

Category:1899 births
Category:1975 deaths
Category:Australian cricketers
Category:New South Wales cricketers
Category:Cricketers from Sydney
Category:St. George Dragons players
Category:Rugby league players from Sydney
Category:Australian rugby league players