Karaage

meaning "Tang (Chinese) fry" is a Japanese cooking technique in which various foods—most often chicken, but also other meat and fish—are deep fried in oil. The process involves lightly coating small pieces of the meat or fish with flour, or potato or corn starch, and frying in a light oil. The foods are marinated prior to coating. The process differs from the preparation of tempura, which is not marinated and uses a batter for coating. Karaage is often served alone or with rice and shredded cabbage. Recently, it has become popular to eat Karaage wrapped with green perilla leaves and lettuce leaves.

Origin and history

Karaage is often cited to have been popularized in the 1920s by the Toyoken restaurant in Beppu, Japan. The method was popularized because of the food shortages in Japan after World War 2, specifically for chicken. Chicken was already a popular meal, but using the Karaage method made it easier to cook, and provided a different way to eat chicken.

The roots of the style of cooking can also be found in Chinese cooking, it is very similar to how they fry tofu for vegetarian dishes. The method of frying, however, has been around since tempura in the Edo period of Japan. They use soy sauce and rice wine, a similar process to the Karaage style of Japanese cooking.

Since the 1920s, the dish has spread widely throughout all of Japan. Karaage is mostly in reference to fried chicken, as the fried chicken has become the most widespread version of the cooking style. Karaage—the chicken version—is commonly available in convenience stores such as Lawson, Family Mart, and 7/11 as a fast food item. It is also readily available in food stands all throughout Japan.

Karaage is also widely available in festivals and food stalls throughout Japan. One such festival is the Oita annual Karaage Festival, where over 60 different shops participate to provide unique versions of the Japanese delicacy.

Karaage in the media

Karaage has been embedded into Japanese cuisine and has made several TV appearances. Probably the most notable appearance has been in the anime/manga series Shokugeki no Souma, a show about a young aspiring chef who sticks to his roots in fast food.

Another notable mention was Anthony Bourdain. Bourdain sang praises for the Japanese fried dish in an interview, saying that he always stopped by Lawsons to pick up karaage when he visited Japan.

Regional Karaage
Since Karaage has spread throughout Japan, there have been many regional takes on the dish. Here are the most notable ones:

 Zangi- Hokkaido prefecture's version of karaage, made with a marinade and served with a spicy dipping sauce.
 Tebasaki- Nagoya’s version of karaage, made with bone in chicken wings, sprinkled with sesame seeds and basted with a special sauce.

 Toriten- Oita prefecture’s version of karaage, coated in wheat flour and often used as a topping for udon noodles.
 Chicken nanban- Miyazaki prefecture’s version of karaage, dipped in sweet vinegar and topped with tartar sauce.
 Gurukun no kara-age- Okinawa prefecture’s version of karaage. Gurukun is Okinawa’s official and most popular fish, often called a “banana fish”, it is a fish fried whole and served with lemon.
 Dakgangjeong- Korea's take on fried chicken, very similar to Karaage, but usually made with milk and a sort of sweet/spicy sauce consisting of soy sauce, rice wine, red chili pepper paste, honey, and seasonings.

See also

 List of cooking techniques
 List of deep fried foods
 Tempura

References

External links

 Japan Karaage Association
 Karaage JP
 Photos and further info about karaage
 Chicken Karaage recipe (in English)

Category:Japanese cuisine
Category:Deep fried foods
Category:Fried chicken


Krishmar Santokie

Krishmar Santokie (born 20 December 1984) is a cricketer who plays for Jamaica and has represented the West Indies at international Twenty20 level. He bowls left-arm medium pace and is a lower order batsman.

Domestic career
He represented the Guyana Amazon Warriors in the Caribbean Premier League in 2013.

His slingy action & ability to deliver deceiving slower balls has made him an asset to T20 teams. Santokie spent a number of years playing in England for Farnham Royal cricket club where he used the English conditions to perfect his swing bowling technique which has continued with him into his international career.

He is acquired by Mumbai Indians in Indian Premier League of 2014.

Santokie came under scrutiny in December of 2019 while playing for the Sylhet Thunder of the BPL when he overstepped on a delivery by a significant distance. The BCB launched an investigation shortly after the event. As of December, 2019, Santokie’s career Twenty20 bowling average of 17.09 was the best by a West Indian, 18th best of active cricketers and 28th best of all time.

International career
His debut for the West Indies came in a Twenty20 International against England in September 2011, he finished with bowling figures of 1/17 in a West Indies victory.

Despite having the fourth lowest T20I bowling average of all time (15.44) and the 28th best economy rate (6.80), Santokie only played 12 matches for the West Indies before being dropped at age 29 in 2014.

References

Category:1984 births
Category:Living people
Category:West Indies Twenty20 International cricketers
Category:Jamaica cricketers
Category:Jamaican cricketers
Category:Guyana Amazon Warriors cricketers
Category:Khulna Royal Bengals cricketers
Category:People from Clarendon Parish, Jamaica
Category:Comilla Victorians cricketers
Category:St Kitts and Nevis Patriots cricketers
Category:Jamaica Tallawahs cricketers
Category:Sylhet Sixers cricketers
Category:Jamaican people of Indian descent


Elizabeth Street School

The Elizabeth Street School is a historic school building at 31 Elizabeth Street in Worcester, Massachusetts.  Built in 1893, it was one of the first commissions for the city by local architect George Clemence, and is stylistically an eclectic mix of Romanesque and Renaissance Revival styles.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.  It  has been converted into residences.

Description and history
The former Elizabeth Street School is located in central eastern Worcester, in a residential area south of Massachusetts Route 9.  It is bounded on the west by Elizabeth Street and the south by Reservoir Street.  It is a two-story brick structure, consisting of two rectangular sections, the southern one larger than the northern, joined by a narrow section that continues south of the larger one.  Square entry towers, capped by pyramidal roofs, project from these narrower sections.  The largest section has a hip roof, from which eyebrow dormers project, while the smaller section, also with a hip roof, has a single hip-roof dormer.  Entrances are set in round-arch openings in each tower, with tripled narrow round-arch windows above.  A stringcourse of corbelled brickwork separates the two floors, and there is decorative paneled brickwork between the second floor and the roofline, with blind arches above some of the windows.

The school was built in 1893, when Worcester architect George Clemence was in the first year of what would be a highly successful practice.  Unlike the Dartmouth Street School, another Clemence design, this school was not enlarged, probably because the neighborhood in which it was built was already completely built out at the time of its construction.  The school has been converted to condominium residences.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in eastern Worcester, Massachusetts

References

Category:School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Category:School buildings completed in 1893
Category:Schools in Worcester, Massachusetts
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Worcester, Massachusetts


2009 Russian Artistic Gymnastics Championships

The 2009 Russian Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held in Bryansk, Bryansk Oblast, Russia between 6–14 March 2009.

Medalists

References

External links
  Official site

Category:2009 in gymnastics
Artistic Gymnastics Championships
Category:Russian Artistic Gymnastics Championships


Koya Yuruki

is a Japanese footballer who plays as a midfielder for Urawa Red Diamonds in the J1 League.

Career

Montedio Yamagata
Yuruki made his official debut for Montedio Yamagata in the J. League Division 2, on 2 March 2014 against Shonan Bellmare in Shonan BMW Stadium Hiratsuka in Hiratsuka, Japan. He subbed in the match for Hiroki Bandai in the 74th minute. Hidaka and his club lost the match 1-0.

Club career statistics
Last Updated:20 February 2019

References

External links

Category:1995 births
Category:Living people
Category:Association football people from Kanagawa Prefecture
Category:Japanese footballers
Category:J1 League players
Category:J2 League players
Category:J3 League players
Category:Montedio Yamagata players
Category:J.League U-22 Selection players
Category:Urawa Red Diamonds players
Category:Association football midfielders


Oaxaca Cathedral

The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption (), located in the city of Oaxaca de Juarez, Oaxaca, Mexico, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Antequera, Oaxaca. Its construction began in 1535 and it was consecrated on July 12, 1733. It is dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption.

History

Construction began in 1535, during which the Temple of San Juan de Dios temporarily served as the cathedral church of the diocese.  In 1640, the cathedral was installed and the seat of the diocese was transferred to Our Lady of the Assumption. Due to earthquakes in the 16th and 18th centuries, the cathedral had to be reconstructed several times, with the most recent reconstruction beginning in 1702 and finishing in 1733.

Structure
Its facade is made of green cantera stone commonly found in Oaxaca's buildings, and the interior is in Neoclassical style. The altar features a statue of Our Lady of the Assumption (Nuestra Señora de la Asunción) which was made in Italy during the Porfirian era, who is represented by a bronze sculpture brought from Europe and made by Tadoini.

The towers of the cathedral are not the originals, as they were destroyed in 1931 by an earthquake. In the south there is a clock donated to Oaxaca by King Fernando VII. The Lord of Lightning is in the last chapel on the left, while the second on the right contains the remains of the Cross of Huatulco.  Atop the west wall of the quire is a locally built baroque pipe organ, parts of which date to 1711-1712, restored in 1997.

References

Footnotes

External links
Catholichierarchy.org: Archdiocese of Antequera — Oaxaca webpage
Oaxaca-mio.com: History and description of the cathedral—

Category:Churches in Oaxaca
Oaxaca
.
Category:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1733
Category:1730s establishments in Mexico
Category:1733 establishments in New Spain
Category:17th-century architecture in Mexico
Category:18th-century architecture in Mexico
Category:Baroque church buildings in Mexico
Category:Renaissance architecture in Mexico
Category:Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico


A Time for Killing

A Time for Killing is a 1967 Western film directed originally by Roger Corman but finished by Phil Karlson. Filmed in Panavision and Pathécolor, it stars Glenn Ford, George Hamilton, Inger Stevens, and Harrison Ford (credited as Harrison J. Ford) in his first credited film role.

It was also known as The Long Ride Home.

Plot
During the Civil War, Confederate soldiers escape from a Union prison and head for the Mexican border. Along the way, they kill a Union courier bearing the news that the war is over. Keeping the message a secret, the captain has his men go on and they soon find themselves in a battle with the Union search party who also is unaware of the war's end.

Cast
 Inger Stevens as Emily Biddle
 Glenn Ford as Maj. Tom Wolcott
 Paul Petersen as Blue Lake
 Timothy Carey as Billy Cat
 Kenneth Tobey as Sgt. Cleehan
 Richard X. Slattery as Cpl. Paddy Darling
 Harrison J. Ford as Lt Shaffer
 Kay E. Kuter as Owelson
 Dick Miller as Zollicoffer
 Emile Meyer as Col. Harries
 Marshall Reed as Stedner
 George Hamilton as Capt. Dorrit Bentley
 Max Baer Jr. as Sgt. Luther Liskell
 Todd Armstrong as Lt. 'Pru' Prudessing
 Dean Stanton as Sgt. Dan Way

Production

Original Novel
The film was based on a 1961 novel The Southern Blade. The Los Angeles Times called it "fast moving" The New York Times said it was full of "military stereotypes" but that it was written with "professional skill."

In October 1964 the screen rights to the novel were purchased by producer Harry Joe Brown. He set up the project at Columbia where he joined forces with Roger Corman.

Roger Corman
By the end of 1964, Roger Corman was one of the most successful low-budget filmmakers in Hollywood, mostly working for American International Pictures. "Everything had been interesting, artistically satisfying, economically satisfying," Corman said eighteen months later. "But I decided I was going nowhere and wanted to move directly into the business." So he accepted a contract with Columbia.

Corman had a deal to make three films with Columbia. "But every idea I submitted was too strange, too weird," he later said. "Every idea they had seemed to ordinary to me. Ordinary pictures don't make money today [in 1966] because audiences today are too intelligent... It's a young people's audience... They can see the average for free on TV. You've got to give them something a little more complex artistically and intellectually. To show something you can't see on TV leads inevitably to unusual material."

Corman says the ideas he submitted to Columbia were a biopic of Baron Von Ritchofen, a story of the St Valentine's Day Massacre and an adaptation of Only Lovers Left Alive. (He would end up making the first two films for other studios).

Eventually he agreed on three films. The first was The Southern Blade, which he was to produce along with Harry Joe Brown. The others were  Iwo Jima (about the Battle of Iwo Jima) and Robert E. Lee, a biopic of the famous general. (Later Robert E. Lee would go to United Artists and the proposed third Columbia film would be a war film, The Day They Let the Prisoners Out, by Peter Bogdanovich.)

In June 1965 the title of The Southern Blade was change to The Long Way Home. Filming was meant to start in September 1965.

However, Columbia and Corman clashed and Corman wound up returning to AIP where he directed the hugely successful The Wild Angels. "The main difference between the minors and the majors is the amount of freedom allowed," Corman said. He and the studio came to terms once they agreed to give him a free hand with the script.

Corman had the script rewritten by Robert Towne with whom he had collaborated a number of times, most recently on The Tomb of Ligeia (1965).

Casting
In April 1966 Glenn Ford signed to star. The following month Cliff Robertson signed to co star. Eventually Robertson dropped out and was replaced by George Hamilton whose fee was a reported $100,000. Inger Stevens and Max Baer Jnr also joined the cast.

Warren Beatty had been offered the lead role but turned it down. However he was impressed by Towne's writing, and later hired the writer to do uncredited work on the script for Bonnie and Clyde, which led to a long collaboration between the men. )

The film was Harrison Ford's first film with a credited role; despite not having a middle name, he was billed as "Harrison J. Ford" (where the "J" did not stand for anything) to avoid confusion with the silent film actor of the same name.

Roger Corman Replaced
Filming started in June 1966 in Kanab, Utah.

By the end of the month, Corman had left the project and been replaced by Phil Karlson. Columbia gave no reason for this decision.  Once Corman left, his editor Monte Hellman also left the project.

Parts of the film were shot in Zion, Glen Canyon, Kanab movie fort, Paria, and the Coral Pink Sand Dunes in Utah. Filming also took place in Old Tucson, Arizona.

Soundtrack
The original score of the film was composed by Van Alexander who was given seven weeks to compose 45 minutes of music for the film. He collaborated with Ned Washington for a title song by Eddy Arnold.  Though producers Harry Joe Brown, Jonie Taps and Columbia's Mike Frankovich were enthusiastic about Alexander's score, once the film was met with a disastrous reception at a preview it was decided to restore the film with a guitar score by Mundell Lowe.  Alexander never composed another score for a feature film.

See also
List of American films of 1967

References

External links

Category:1960s Western (genre) films
Category:American Civil War films
Category:American films
Category:Columbia Pictures films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films directed by Phil Karlson
Category:American Western (genre) films
Category:Films directed by Roger Corman
Category:Films based on American novels
Category:Films based on Western (genre) novels
Category:Films shot in Utah
Category:Films shot in Arizona


Open vowel

An open vowel is a vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth. Open vowels are sometimes also called low vowels (in U.S. terminology ) in reference to the low position of the tongue.

In the context of the phonology of any particular language, a low vowel can be any vowel that is more open than a mid vowel. That is, open-mid vowels, near-open vowels, and open vowels can all be considered low vowels.

Partial list
The open vowels with dedicated symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet are:

 open front unrounded vowel
 open front rounded vowel
 open back unrounded vowel
 open back rounded vowel

There also are central vowels that do not have dedicated symbols in the IPA:
 open central unrounded vowel  or  (commonly written  as if it were front)
 open central rounded vowel

There is no unambiguous way of transcribing the open central vowels. The diaeresis indicates centralization, so  could mean near-front and  could mean near-back. However, in practice the diaeresis is assumed to mean central, while  and  are used for the front and back articulations, respectively.

The extremely rare contrast between open front, central and back unrounded vowels has been reported to occur in the Hamont dialect of Limburgish, which features long versions of these sounds, as well as short versions of the open front and back vowels. The short versions do not contrast directly with the open central vowel, which can only be long.

See also
Close vowel

References

Bibliography

Category:Vowels by height


Renmin Park (album)

Renmin Park is an album by the Canadian alt-country band Cowboy Junkies, released in 2010. It is Volume One of the Nomad Series. The album's name translates in Chinese as "People's Park".

Album development
In late 2008, Michael Timmins got an opportunity to live in China for three months with his wife and three children. Two of his children were adopted from China. They stayed in Jingjiang, a city on the Yangtze that only has about 650,000 people, relatively small and obscure for China. Timmins' wife taught English at the elementary/middle school they were staying at, his kids attended a few classes, and Timmins explored the town, and the whole family travelled when his wife's teaching schedule allowed. They visited the birth village of each of his Chinese born adopted daughters.

The music that inspired Michael Timmins the most during the visit was found at Renmin Park, where a variety musicians would gather throughout the day, bringing their erhus, pipas, shangxians and various percussion instruments, and a mix of singers would perform. Timmins found most of the musicians to be great, most but not all singers were not as great, but all performed with passion. About half way through their visit, Timmins was introduced to Eric Chen, who was passionate about music, and had taught himself English by watching American movies. Chen told Timmins that he was "not only the only person in Jingjiang who had ever heard the music of Radiohead, but the only person who had ever even heard the name Radiohead". The two became friends and spent time together. Chen brought Timmins a variety of CDs and videos that showcased the Chinese rock scene, such as He Yong, Dou Wei, The Tang Dynasty, Xu Wei, and Zuoxiao Zuzhou (ZXZZ), plus others. The two which appealed to Timmins the most were Xu Wei (Cure-meets-Steve Earl pop) and ZXZZ (Leonard Cohen meets Nick Cave by way of Tom Waits). When the Cowboy Junkies were making Renmin Park, they decided to cover a song by those two, with lyrics translated by Chen. The Junkies also asked ZXZZ to contribute an original lyric and vocal performance for a track on the album, "A Walk in the Park".

Another inspiration that struck Timmins was the sounds of the community, which was loud, unrelenting, and had textures that were foreign to Timmins' Western ears. He had Peter Timmins send him a high-end portable recorder, which he carried everywhere he went, and recorded music, conversations, exercise classes, badminton games, traffic, students chatter in classrooms, street hawkers, and more. He sent the recordings to Joby Baker in British Columbia with instructions to create loops of the sounds, just use his imagination. Alan Anton, who also lives in British Columbia, got involved in the looping exercise, and the two built music structures which used some of Michael Timmins' community noise recordings as the foundation. Baker sent the recordings back to Timmins in Toronto, where Michael and Peter Timmins worked on the sounds in their studio, removing some elements and adding some of their own elements. Once the basic structure was complete, Michael Timmins wrote out melodies and lyrics, which Margo then came in and transformed into Cowboy Junkies songs.

The core story the album is built around is a fictional love story about two people who live in two different worlds that always keeps them apart. Renmin Park is a reflection of Michael Timmins family's adventure in China. It is also a thank-you letter to the people of the city that opened up their arms to his family.

The album is the first of four albums to be released in the Nomad series. The overarching theme of the series is just to produce four albums in eighteen months, which forces a creativity on the artists. There is no real theme connecting the albums, but according to Michael Timmins "just by the very nature of doing that many songs, that much writing, and doing that much recording in such a short time, there's going to be something that connects them." The title of the series comes from the four paintings that are the covers of the four albums. The paintings are done by a friend of the Junkies, by Enrique Martinez Celaya, and he named his series of paintings the Nomad paintings. The Cowboy Junkies found the name appropriate, since they are a band that has been on the road for 30 years, and the first volume is about Michael Timmins' visit to China, and the second volume, Demons, is about Vic Chesnutt, who was so much a nomad.  The series title just rang true for the group.

Track listing

Personnel
Cowboy Junkies
Margo Timmins – vocals
Michael Timmins – guitar, backing vocals
Alan Anton – bass
Peter Timmins – drums, percussion

Additional musicians
Jeff Bird – mandolin
Joby Baker – keyboards, piano, bowed bass, loops, collages; drums (tracks 8 & 10)
Aaron Goldstein - pedal steel guitar
George Gao - erhu
Guo Xue Ying - pipa
Andy Maize – backing vocals (tracks 2 & 7)
Josh Finlayson - bass (track 6)
Henry Kucharzyk - string arrangement (track 10)
Anna Redekop, Amber Ghent, Rebecca van der Post, Sandra Baron - strings (track 10)
Jesse O'Brien - keyboards (track 11)
Zuoxiao Zuzhou - vocals (track 12)

Production
Michael Timmins – producer, engineer, street recordings
Peter J. Moore – mastered at the E Room
Joby Baker – engineer, mixing
Eric Chen - translation (track 6 & 10)
Alice Phieu – graphics design
Peter Timmins - assisted on graphics design
Enrique Martinez Celaya – cover image

References

External links

Category:2010 albums
Category:Cowboy Junkies albums
Category:Latent Recordings albums


Herb Conyers

Herbert Leroy Conyers (January 8, 1921 – September 16, 1964) was an American professional baseball player whose career lasted for nine seasons (1941–1942; 1946–1952). A first baseman, he appeared in seven Major League games for the Cleveland Indians during the  season. Born in Cowgill, Missouri, Conyers threw and batted left-handed; he stood  tall and weighed .

Conyers spent almost all of his pro career in the Cleveland minor league organization.  His trial with the 1950 Indians came at the beginning and tail end of the season.  After going two for four with a base on balls as a pinch hitter between April 18 and May 17, he spent the bulk of the season with Cleveland's two top farm teams, the Oklahoma City Indians and the San Diego Padres. Recalled late in the campaign, he started his final MLB game on October 1 against the Detroit Tigers; he garnered only one hit in five at bats, but it was a solo home run off Marlin Stuart that ignited a five-run eighth-inning rally and enabled the Indians to overtake the Tigers, 7–5.

Conyers died at age 43 from cancer in Cleveland, Ohio. He was buried at nearby Knollwood Cemetery.

References

Bibliography

External links

Category:1921 births
Category:1964 deaths
Category:Appleton Papermakers players
Category:Baltimore Orioles (IL) players
Category:Baseball players from Missouri
Category:Birmingham Barons players
Category:Cleveland Indians players
Category:Dallas Eagles players
Category:Dayton Indians players
Category:Deaths from cancer in Ohio
Category:Harrisburg Senators players
Category:Indianapolis Indians players
Category:Major League Baseball first basemen
Category:Oklahoma City Indians players
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Category:Wausau Timberjacks players
Category:Wilkes-Barre Barons (baseball) players
Category:Burials at Knollwood Cemetery


Wu Mei

Wu Mei is the pinyin romanization of:
 Wǔ Méi (五梅; Cantonese: Ng Mui), the legendary kung fu nun.
 Wǔ Mèi (武媚), the given name of the Empress Wu.


Tala Raassi

Tala Raassi' is an Iranian-American Fashion Designer born in Maryland, United States and raised in Tehran, Iran. When Tala Raassi turned sixteen she attended her Sweet 16 at a friends house wearing a mini skirt. It was not long before the party was raided by the religious police and she and her friends faced the punishment of five days in jail and forty lashes. In 2000 right after the punishment, Raassi moved back to the United States where she currently lives.

After moving to the States and studying fashion marketing, Raassi opened a high-end boutique in Washington DC where she oversaw all aspects of business from construction, buying, and merchandizing to finance and payroll. While shopping for her boutique in São Paulo, Brazil during fashion week, Raassi became inspired to design her own line of swimsuits, Dar Be Dar. Raassi later left the store and started traveling the world to find the best fabrics, manufactures, and suppliers ultimately selecting Medellin, Colombia for production.

Since its inception Raassi’s line, Dar Be Dar, has sponsored the Washington Wizards Dance Team and was the official swimwear sponsor for the Miss Universe 2010 pageant. Dar Be Dar, means door to door in Raassi’s native language, Persian. In slang it means someone that is all over the place. “It represents me as a designer, because I had to go door to door to figure out the process of starting a fashion business.”

In 2012, Raassi was called “One of the Most Fearless Women in World” by Newsweek Magazine.
Tala Raassi has stated she "aims to celebrate the beauty of the women’s body through her designs and empower women all around the world to follow their dreams." For Tala Raassi, “fashion is freedom.”.

Appearances
Tala Raassi was on the program to appear in 3 events at the 2017 Brisbane Writers Festival in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

References

External links

Category:Living people
Category:American people of Iranian descent
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:American fashion designers
Category:Iranian fashion designers


Generative principle

In foreign language teaching, the generative principle reflects the human capacity to generate an infinite number of phrases and sentences from a finite grammatical or linguistic competence. This capacity was captured in Wilhelm von Humboldt's famous phrase that language makes "infinite use of finite means". It is the theoretical basis for pattern drills and substitution tables - an essential component of the audio-lingual method - and may be considered as the necessary counterpart to the communicative principle, i.e. teaching communication through communicating (communicative language teaching; communicative competence).

Background

Children, in their process of first-language acquisition, notably in pre-sleep monologues, have been observed to use new phrases as models for more phrases, varying words or word groups during phases of essentially non-communicative verbal play in ways reminiscent of pattern drills.  Ruth Weir observed the following monologue in a 2½ year old subject:

 What colour
 What colour blanket
 What colour mop
 What colour glass

Autistic children find it particularly difficult to develop this flexibility that normal children naturally have. In second language acquisition children may begin with prefabricated patterns or chunks. As the learners begin to understand their internal structure, words are freed to recombine with other words, chunks are broken down, and in a process of substitution and variation, become models for analogous constructions.

In foreign language teaching, sentence manipulations in the form of pattern drills can be mechanical and monotonous, which has raised the question as to whether practice on sentence variations can really further communicative competence. Butzkamm & Caldwell suggest bilingual semi-communicative drills as a possible solution.

Examples

The teacher selects a new phrase from a textbook story, let’s say “What about my friend”. The idea is to turn it into a productive sentence pattern. So he gives a few more examples and starts  a very short drill with cues in the students’ native language (German):

Teacher: Was ist mit meinem Onkel?
Student: What about my uncle?
Teacher: Was ist mit unserem Präsidenten?
Student: What about our president?
Teacher: Was ist mit unserer Hausaufgabe?
Student: What about our homework?

These are disconnected sentences which are often rejected by leading theorists such as Lewis, who speaks of a "fundamentally flawed methodology". But notice that, for every sentence, we can easily come up with fitting communicative contexts - because of a comprehensive communicative competence developed by our mother tongue. Notice also the semantic leaps, especially from “president” to “homework”, for the students to see the semantic range of the new phrase and its applicability to a variety of situations.- The students are now ready to generate their own sentences / ideas. When the teacher reacts to the students’ sentences as if they were serious utterances, the drill can become semi-communicative. Witness the following extract from a lesson. The students (11-year-olds) have been practising “May I / we…”  and are now making their own sentences:

Student: May we smoke in this room?
Teacher: Not in this room. There are no ash trays.
Student: May I go home now?
Teacher: Not now, later.
Student: May I kill you now?
Teacher: Come on and try.

References

Further reading

Category:Language-teaching methodology


1981 Central African presidential election

Presidential elections were held in the Central African Republic on 15 March 1981. They were the first national elections of any sort since 1964, the first elections since the overthrow of longtime ruler Jean-Bédel Bokassa in 1979, and the first multiparty presidential elections since independence. Five candidates—David Dacko, Ange-Félix Patassé, François Pehoua, Henri Maïdou and Abel Goumba—ran for the election.

The elections were won by Dacko, who had been restored back to the Presidency as part of Operation Barracuda, which overthrew Emperor Bokassa I (Jean-Bédel Bokassa). Dacko tried to pose as the inheritor of Barthélemy Boganda, the national hero who founded the country.

Results

References

Central African Republic
Category:Presidential elections in the Central African Republic
Category:1981 in the Central African Republic


Avellanosa de Muñó

Avellanosa de Muñó is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2013 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 122 inhabitants.

The municipality of Avellanosa de Muñó is made up of four towns: Avellanosa de Muñó (seat or capital), Paúles del Agua, Pinedillo and Torrecitores del Enebral.

Category:Municipalities in the Province of Burgos
Category:Populated places in the Province of Burgos


Mahmudabad, Malayer

Mahmudabad (, also Romanized as Maḩmūdābād) is a village in Kuh Sardeh Rural District, in the Central District of Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 341, in 80 families.

References

Category:Populated places in Malayer County


No To Mob

No To Mob is an organised campaign group that deploys teams to warn British motorists of the presence of closed circuit television (CCTV) parking enforcement camera vehicles.

The group's website proclaims them to be "a Campaign Group dedicated to regaining the voice of the Individual."

The group was featured in a BBC television documentary, Parking Mad, broadcast on 8 January 2013.

No To Mob is active in Southend-on-Sea, appearing on motorcycles and wearing face masks, to warn motorists of the location of active council CCTV cars.

References

External links
 Official website

Category:Parking


Carlos Castro (footballer, born 1995)

Carlos Castro García (born 1 June 1995), is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for CD Lugo on loan from RCD Mallorca as a forward.

Club career
Born in Ujo, Asturias, Castro graduated with Sporting de Gijón's youth setup. He made his senior debuts with the reserves in the 2011–12 campaign, aged only 16, in Segunda División B.

On 2 September 2014 Castro signed a four-year professional deal with the club, and was definitely promoted to the main squad in Segunda División. Eight days later he made his professional debut, starting in a 1–3 home loss against Real Valladolid for the season's Copa del Rey.

Castro made his league debut on the 28th, again from the bench in a 1–1 draw against the same club. On 12 October he scored his first professional goal, netting a last-minute winner in a 2–1 home win against CD Leganés.

On 9 November 2014, Castro scored a brace in a 3–1 home win against Real Zaragoza. He added another on 22 February of the following year, in a 4–1 routing of CD Mirandés also at the El Molinón.

Castro made his La Liga debut on 23 September 2015, replacing Miguel Ángel Guerrero in a 1–2 away loss against Rayo Vallecano. Four days later he scored his first goal in the category, but in a home defeat to Real Betis for the same scoreline.

On 10 July 2018, Castro signed a two-year deal with RCD Mallorca in the second division. The following 29 January, after being rarely used, he moved to fellow league team Elche CF on loan until the end of the season.

On 16 July 2019, Castro moved to fellow second division side CD Lugo also in a temporary deal.

References

External links

Category:1995 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Mieres, Asturias
Category:Spanish footballers
Category:Asturian footballers
Category:Association football forwards
Category:La Liga players
Category:Segunda División players
Category:Segunda División B players
Category:Sporting de Gijón B players
Category:Sporting de Gijón players
Category:RCD Mallorca players
Category:Elche CF players
Category:CD Lugo players
Category:Spain under-21 international footballers


Chernovitsa

Chernovitsa () is a rural locality (a village) in Mglinsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. The population was 60 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

References

Category:Rural localities in Bryansk Oblast


Silent Shadows

REDIRECT Don Diablo discography

Category:Don Diablo songs


Milicz Ponds

The Milicz Ponds () are a group of about 285 fish ponds in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland, in the valley of the river Barycz, close to the towns of Milicz and Żmigród. The ponds cover a total area of about .

Due to their importance as a habitat and breeding ground for water birds, the ponds are a nature reserve (established 1963, area 53 km²), which is protected under the Ramsar convention (one of 13 such sites in Poland). Since 1996 it has also formed part of the larger protected area known as the Barycz Valley Landscape Park.

References

Category:Lakes of Poland
Category:Ramsar sites in Poland
Category:Ponds of Europe
Category:Lakes of Lower Silesian Voivodeship


Kings Peak

Kings Peak can refer to one of:
 Kings Peak (British Columbia), a mountain in British Columbia
 Kings Peak (Idaho), a mountain in Idaho
 Kings Peak (Utah), the highest point in the U.S. state of Utah

See also
 King Peak (disambiguation)
 Mount King (disambiguation)

Category:Place name disambiguation pages


Arlette Merry

Arlette Merry (18 March 1918 – 19 February 2015) was a French actress and singer. She was the daughter of Lucien Pinoteau and the sister of Claude Pinoteau and Jacques Pinoteau.

Merry died in February 2015 at the age of 96.

Selected filmography
 The Lost Village (1947)
 The White Night (1948)
 Last Love (1949)
 Brilliant Waltz (1949)
 Sending of Flowers (1950)
 The Beautiful Image (1951)
 Escapade (1957)

References

Bibliography
 Rège, Philippe. Encyclopedia of French Film Directors, Volume 1. Scarecrow Press, 2009.

External links

Category:1918 births
Category:2015 deaths
Category:French film actresses
Category:Actresses from Paris
Category:20th-century French actresses


Pro Sport Berlin 24

Pro Sport Berlin 24, formerly Post SV Berlin until 2005, is a German association football club from the city of Berlin. It was formed 29 September 1924 and was one of many the sport clubs established by police and postal workers in the 1920s. Through most of its history the club has been a lower-tier local side.

History
Post played just a single season in the top-flight Oberliga Berlin in 1932–33, just prior to the restructuring of German football under the Third Reich. The country's existing regional leagues were replaced by 16 Gauligen and Post failed to qualify for the new Gauliga Berlin-Brandenburg (I) after its 7th place Oberliga finish. They took part in qualification for Gauliga play at the end of the 1935–36 season, but did poorly. The team's only cup appearance also took place in 1930s when they played in the 1932 Berliner Landespokal (Berlin Cup). They advanced out of the quarterfinals past Südstern Neukölln (1:0) to be put out by Hertha BSC Berlin in their semifinal matchup (2:5).

Following World War II, occupying Allied authorities banned most organizations across the country, including sports and football clubs, as part of the process of de-Nazification. Post was lost in 1945 and not re-formed until 1949 when the club re-appeared as Blau-Gelb Berlin, named for the traditional blue and yellow of the national postal service. It was not until 1952 that the club resumed its historical identity as Post Sportverein Berlin. The division of the city into eastern and western sectors during the Cold War led to the formation of the postal workers club BSG Post Berlin which became part of the separate football competition that emerged in East Germany.

In 1972, Post joined SpVgg Berlin 74 to create Post SV 1974 Berlin. Following German reunification, BSG Post Berlin became part of Post SV 74 in 1990.

In 2005, the club was renamed Pro Sport Berlin 24 and does not field a senior men's side anymore but still offers women's football.

References

External links
Official team site
Das deutsche Fußball-Archiv historical German domestic league tables

Category:Football clubs in Germany
Pro Sport
Category:Association football clubs established in 1924
Category:1924 establishments in Germany


Rainy River District

Rainy River District is a district and census division in Northwestern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was created in 1885. It is the only division in Ontario that lies completely in the Central Time Zone, except of the township of Atikokan (including Sapawe and Kawene to the east) observing Eastern Standard Time year-round. Its seat is Fort Frances. It is known for its fishing and its location on the US border opposite International Falls, Minnesota, and Baudette, Minnesota.

In 2016, the population was 20,110.  The land area is ; the population density was .

Subdivisions

Municipalities

Unorganized area
 Rainy River, Unorganized (served by the Eva Marion Lake local services board)

First Nations reserves

 Agency 1
 Assabaska
 Big Grassy River 35G
 Big Island 31D
 Big Island 31E
 Big Island 31F
 Big Island 37
 Big Island Mainland 93
 Couchiching 16A
 Lake of the Woods 31H
 Lake of the Woods 34
 Long Sault 12
 Manitou Rapids 11
 Naongashing 31A
 Neguaguon Lake 25D
 Rainy Lake 17A
 Rainy Lake 17B
 Rainy Lake 18C
 Rainy Lake 26A
 Sabaskong Bay 35C
 Saug-a-Gaw-Sing 1
 Seine River 23A
 Seine River 23B

Demographics

Culture
As of 2013, the Rainy River District School Board has partnered with the Seven Generations Education Institute, the Ministry of Education, and local First Nations’ communities in development of new technologies and programs for revitalization of the Ojibwe language.

See also
 List of Ontario Census Divisions
 Quetico Provincial Park
 Rainy River District Social Services Administration Board
List of townships in Ontario

References


Waldegrave School

Waldegrave School  is a secondary school with academy status in Twickenham, London, England. It takes girls between the ages of 11 and 16 and has a coeducational sixth form, opened in September 2014. There are four houses and each house is named after prominent women: (Mary) Seacole, (Emmeline) Pankhurst, (George) Elliot and (Rosalind) Franklin.

Description
Waldegrave School converted to academy status in 2012, having previously been part of the Richmond upon Thames LEA.

The Headteacher is Elizabeth Tongue, who replaced Philippa Nunn in January 2019. Mrs Nunn held the post from 2006 when she succeeded Heather Flint.

Waldegrave was a Beacon School from 1999 and became involved in a Leading Edge Partnership with Grey Court School in 2004. It was also awarded specialist Science College status in September 2004, and continues to specialise in science today. It is the only state-maintained girls' school (ages 11 to 16) in the borough. In 2014 it opened a co-educational 6th form with approximately 140 students in each year.

Academic performance
As with other schools, latest exam results and related data are published in the Department for Education's national tables.

In 2010 Waldegrave was named the top state secondary school, without a sixth form, in the country, by The Times Parent Power and again in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015.  This is a survey based on the % of A and A* grades achieved by students. In 2016, it was named Comprehensive School of the year by the Sunday Times Schools Guide in recognition of its consistently good GCSE results and the high standard of results for its first A level cohort.

In 2008, Waldegrave was reported to have received a higher proportion of fraudulent applications than for other secondary schools in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.

History
Waldegrave School was formed in 1980 by the merger of two girls' schools – Twickenham Girls' School and Kneller Girls' School – on its present-day site. Its name commemorates Frances Lady Waldegrave, a former local resident of Strawberry Hill House.

Twickenham County School for Girls
Twickenham County School for Girls opened in 1909, later known as the all-girls Twickenham County Grammar School or the Cowsheds. With the end of selective grammar education in the borough in 1972, the school became a comprehensive known as Twickenham Girls' School in 1973.

Ruth Kirkley (1935 – 21 July 2009), headteacher from 1977, continued as the first headteacher of Waldegrave school until 1991.

The site of Twickenham Girls' School is now the St Richard Reynolds RC College

Kneller Girls' School
Kneller Girls' School opened in 1936 at the railway end of the Meadway site shared with the mirror building, but initially completely segregated, Kneller Boys' School. The building was augmented by huts following the raising of school leaving age to 15 after the Education Act 1944.

The schools merged as Kneller Secondary Modern School before 1959 when the boys moved to what is now Twickenham Academy in Whitton, and the school reverted to all-girls and its original name. The girls' numbers were increased with the transfer of secondary school age girls from the Stanley Road school. In 1978 the school relocated to the site in Fifth Cross Road.
(The Fifth Cross Road site had previously been occupied since 1928 by the Thames Valley Grammar School which became a Sixth Form College in 1973 and had closed in 1977 with the formation of Richmond upon Thames College).

The former Kneller school site in Meadway is now a residential estate.

Notable former pupils

Waldegrave School
Anna Calvi, singer songwriter
Kelly Marcel, screenwriter
Rosie Marcel, actress
Anna Vakili, TV personality

Twickenham Girls' School
 Caroline Flint, Labour MP for Don Valley since 1997

Kneller Girls' School
 Jasmine Whitbread, CEO of Save the Children International
 Saimo Chahal, human rights lawyer

Twickenham County Grammar School
 Margaret Bourne OBE, chairman from 1992 to 2001 of CORDA
 Julie Girling, Conservative MEP for South West England since 2009
 Dianne Jackson, animator, director of The Snowman
 Valerie Vaz, British Labour Party politician and solicitor.

In popular culture

Also appeared in 1989 film Shirley Valentine starring Pauline Collins

It was also used in the series Goggle-Eyes  adapted for television by the BBC as a four-episode mini-series, which was broadcast in 1993.

The school was also featured in a short section of Before I go to Sleep (2014) starring Nicole Kidman and Colin Firth

References

External links

Category:Girls' schools in London
Category:Educational institutions established in 1980
Category:Secondary schools in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames
Category:Academies in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames
Category:Training schools in England
Category:1980 establishments in England
Category:Twickenham


Characteristic variety

In mathematical analysis, the characteristic variety of a microdifferential operator P is an algebraic variety that is the zero set of the principal symbol of P in the cotangent bundle. It is invariant under a quantized contact transformation.

The notion is also defined more generally in commutative algebra. A basic theorem says a characteristic variety is involutive.

References
 M. Sato, T. Kawai, and M. Kashiwara: Microfunctions and Pseudo-differential Equations. Lecture note in Math., No. 287, Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, pp. 265–529 (1973)

Category:Algebraic varieties
Category:Mathematical analysis


Luis Salinas (weightlifter)

Luis Salinas (born 11 October 1958) is a Nicaraguan weightlifter. He competed in the men's heavyweight I event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

References

Category:1958 births
Category:Living people
Category:Nicaraguan male weightlifters
Category:Olympic weightlifters of Nicaragua
Category:Weightlifters at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)


Tilda railway station

Tilda-Neora railway station is a main railway station in Raipur district, Chhattisgarh. Its code is TLD. It serves Tilda-Neora Urban area. The station consists of four platforms. The station lies on the Raipur-Bilaspur branch line of Bilaspur–Nagpur section.

Major Trains

 Sarnath Express
 Shivnath Express
 Shalimar Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express
 Amarkantak SF Express
 Raigarh Nizamuddin Gondwana Express
 South Bihar Express
 Raigarh-Gondia Jan Shatabdi Express
 Chhattisgarh Express
 Durg - Kanpur Betwa Express
 Bilaspur - Tirupati Express
 Nagpur - Bilaspur InterCity Express
 Howrah Ahmedabad Superfast Express
 Durg - Nautanwa Express
 Raipur - Korba Hasdev Express
 Durg - Ambikapur - Chermiri Express
 Durg - Jammu Tavi Express
 Korba - Vishakhapattanam Link Express
 Durg - Ajmer Express

History Of Change Name "Tilda" To "Tilda-Neora"

After Receiving the No Objection from the Home Ministry Government Of India  on the application of National & Zonal Railway Users Consultative Council Member Deepak Sharma Tilda-Neora in the year 2018 October, the Government of India and the State Government have been named "Tilda-Neora" in all the offices of the state government and Tilda railway station.
The applicant of this station name change can be confirmed by the confirmation passed by the municipality of Tilda-Neora and by the documents available in the Department of Revenue Department Chhattisgarh Government.

References

Category:Railway stations in Raipur district
Category:Raipur railway division


Jan Hammer discography

The discography of Czech-American musician Jan Hammer consists of 25 albums with Hammer as the lead artist, as well as several singles and a large number of collaborations with jazz and rock musicians, such as John McLaughlin, Jeff Beck, Al Di Meola, Mick Jagger, Carlos Santana, Stanley Clarke, Tommy Bolin, Neal Schon, Steve Lukather, and Elvin Jones among many others. He has composed and produced at least 14 original motion picture soundtracks, the music for 90 episodes of Miami Vice and 20 episodes of the popular British television series Chancer.

As leader

Charting singles

As sideman
With the Mahavishnu Orchestra (Columbia):

With Jeff Beck (Epic):

With Al Di Meola (Columbia):

With Frank Foster
The Loud Minority (Mainstream, 1972)
With Carlos Santana (Columbia):
 Love Devotion Surrender (1973) –  Hammond organ, drums, percussion

With Billy Cobham (Atlantic):
 Spectrum (1973) – keyboards

With Stanley Clarke (Nemperor):
 Stanley Clarke (1974) – keyboards

With Harvey Mason (Arista):
 Earth Mover (1975) – keyboards (Mini Moog)

With Lenny White (Nemperor):
 Big City (1977) – keyboards

With John Abercrombie (ECM):
 Timeless (recorded 1974, released 1975) – organ, synth, piano
 Night (1984) – keyboards

With The Freelance Hellraiser (Sony/BMG):
 Waiting for Clearance (2006) – keyboards

With Tommy Bolin (Atlantic):
 Teaser (1975) – keyboards, drums
 From the Archives Vol. 1 (1996) – keyboards

With Elvin Jones
 Merry-Go-Round (Blue Note, 1971) – piano
 Mr. Jones (Blue Note, 1972) – piano
 The Prime Element (Blue Note, 1973) – keyboardsElvin Jones is "On the Mountain" (PM, 1975) – keyboards
With Jeremy SteigEnergy (Capitol, 1971)Fusion (Groove Merchant, 1972)
With Glen Moore (Elektra):
 Introducing Glen Moore (1978) – drums (with Glen Moore - double bass & piano, David Darling - cello, Zbigniew Seifert - violin)

With Joni Mitchell (Asylum):
 Mingus (1979) – Mini Moog

With Tony Williams (Columbia):
 The Joy of Flying (1979) – keyboards

With Mick Jagger (Columbia):
 She's the Boss (1985) – keyboards

With James Young (Passport): City Slicker (1985) – keyboards, drums

With Clarence Clemons (Columbia):
 An Evening With Mr. C (1989) – keyboards, drums

With Steve Lukather (Columbia):
 Lukather (1989) – keyboards

With Charlie Mariano (MPS):
 Helen 12 Trees (1976) – keyboards (with Charlie Mariano - saxes & nagaswaram, Zbigniew Seifert - violin, John Marshall - drums, Jack Bruce - bass)

With Yoshiaki Masuo (Electric Bird/King):
 Finger Dancing / Yoshiaki Masuo with Jan Hammer'' (Recorded 1980) – Oberheim, Mini Moog, YAMAHA CP70

References

Hammer, Jan
Hammer, Jan


Walkampf

"Walkampf" (Whale struggle) is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the second single and the thirteenth track from the album Zurück zum Glück. The title is a pun on the word "Wahlkampf", which means "election campaign" in German.

The song is about a dream by the narrator, where he finds a whale on a beach and struggles to push it back to the water, but doesn't have enough strength for that. All the time, he hears the waves, the sun shouting: "Push the whale back in the sea", which pressures him. He hopes to get help from a Greenpeace ship he sees, but right before his eyes, it sinks. The next day he has sore muscles and gets under the shower but then his girlfriend urges him to "push the whale back in the sea" and on it goes.

The song opens with a slow ukulele tune, progresses into a more aggressive punk style during the 2nd verse, with the bridge between the 2nd and third verse being overlaid with a background singer giving it a more surf rock style similar to a song by the Beach Boys, and the final verse and final chorus is accompanied by bagpipes, with the background singer returning at the very tail end of the song.

Music video
The music video was directed and drawn by Andreas Hykade. It entirely illustrates the lyrics.

Track listing
 "Walkampf" (Frege, van Dannen/van Dannen, Frege) − 3:34
 "Der letzte Sieg" (The last victory) (Meurer/Frege) - 1:35
 "Die No.1 von Flingern" (The No.1 of Flingern) (Frege/Frege) - 3:27 (with Beate Frege)

Charts

External links

Category:2004 singles
Category:Die Toten Hosen songs
Category:Songs written by Campino (singer)
Category:Songs written by Funny van Dannen
Category:2004 songs


High ankle sprain

A high ankle sprain, also known as a syndesmotic ankle sprain (SAS), is a sprain of the syndesmotic ligaments that connect the tibia and fibula in the lower leg, thereby creating a mortise and tenon joint for the ankle. High ankle sprains are described as high because they are located above the ankle. They comprise approximately 15% of all ankle sprains. Unlike the common lateral ankle sprains, when ligaments around the ankle are injured through an inward twisting, high ankle sprains are caused when the lower leg and foot externally rotates (twists out).

Mechanism of injury
The ankle joint consists of the talus resting within the mortise created by the tibia and fibula as previously described. Since the talus is wider anteriorly (in the front) than posteriorly (at the back), as the front of the foot is raised (dorsiflexed) reducing the angle between the foot and lower leg to less than 90°, then the mortise is confronted with an increasingly wider talus. The force is heightened when the foot is simultaneously forced into external rotation (turned outward). This chain of events may occur when the front of hockey player's skate strikes the boards and the foot is forced outward. It may also occur in football, for example, when a player is on the ground with his leg behind him, the foot at right angles, and a rotational force is suddenly applied to the heel, as when someone falls on his foot. Overall, the most common mechanism is external rotation and may occur with sufficient rapidity that the actual mechanism is unrecognized.

In this sequence of events, the most vulnerable structure is the anterior inferior tibio-fibular ligament, uniting the lower end of the tibia and fibula and playing an important role in the maintenance of the mortise. The injury to this ligament may vary from simple stretch to complete rupture. Some restraint to further injury is offered by the structures on the inside of the ankle, the medial malleolus and the medial collateral ligament.  However, should these structures fail, then the force will be transmitted beyond the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament to the strong membrane that holds the tibia and fibula together for most of their length. This force may then exit through the upper end of the fibula, creating a so-called Maisonneuve fracture.

Diagnosis
Those who sustain high ankle sprains usually present with pain in the outside-front of the leg above the ankle, with increased discomfort when twisting (external rotation) is applied. In some cases, the diagnosis is only made after treatment for the more common, lateral, ankle sprain fails. Diagnosis may also be delayed because swelling is usually minor or nonexistent and the true nature of the injury unappreciated. A variety of diagnostic tests have been described such as the 'squeeze' (compressing the tibia and fibula above the midpoint of the calf), 'dorsiflexion with compression' (patient dorsiflexes the foot while the examiner compresses the internal and external malleolus), and 'external rotation' (patient sits with leg dangling and ankle at 90° and external rotation then applied to the foot) etc. None of them performs sufficiently well to allow diagnosis to be made on the basis of a single test, and is usually made by combining multiple tests supplemented with appropriate imaging when indicated. Plain radiographs, Ultrasound or MRI may be used for diagnosis.

In the case of X-rays, demonstration of widening of the tibia and fibula 'mortise', a fracture of the medial malleolus, or a Maisonneuve fracture, will indicate an unstable or potentially unstable injury. However, 'normal' x-rays do not exclude significant ligament injury, and in one study, the ratio of diagnostic X-ray to known syndesmotic injury was only one in 17. By contrast, ultrasound may permit the injury to be visualized while the mortise is being stressed. Consequently, a diagnostic modality such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that demonstrates the ligament itself may be helpful, if clinical suspicion remains.

Treatment
Treatment depends on severity and convalescence may be as short as a few days or as long as six months. Rest, icing, compression, and elevation is often recommended.

Two important issues should be addressed early. First, a determination of whether the ankle is stable or unstable. This is usually answered by clinical assessment together with results of the imaging modalities previously described.  In the case of suspected instability, specialist referral is indicated as surgery and some form of internal fixation may be an option, if not a requirement. Second, a decision of degree of weight bearing, if any, to be permitted. The answer to this is partly related to stability, partly to the clinical estimate of ligament injury together with imaging findings, and partly related to discomfort when weight bearing. The final decision is largely individualized depending on the circumstances.

An alternative measure consists of H.E.M. (Healthy blood flow, Eliminate swelling and Mobility). This treatment suggests increasing healthy blood flow to the ankle, including immune cells required for healing. The treatment also suggests improving healthy range of motion, stability and strength in the ankle to aid in a full recovery. Recent research suggests that macrophages (immune cells responsible for muscle repair and growth) are necessary for muscle to grow back to its pre-injured state. The H.E.M. ankle rehab treatment suggests not icing the injury, and instead, following more proactive rehab techniques for recovery: "when ice is applied to a body part for a prolonged period, nearby lymphatic vessels begin to dramatically increase their permeability (lymphatic vessels are ‘dead-end’ tubes which ordinarily help carry excess tissue fluids back into the cardiovascular system). As lymphatic permeability is enhanced, large amounts of fluid begin to pour from the lymphatics ‘in the wrong direction’ (into the injured area), increasing the amount of local swelling and pressure and potentially contributing to greater pain."

Rehabilitation is important. A significant percentage of these sprains also involve medial and/or lateral ankle ligament injury and slow recovery and continuing symptoms are common.  However, limiting external rotation to protect healing ligaments is a primary concern and can usually be achieved by short leg casts, walking boots, and custom orthoses. The degree of permitted weight bearing can be individualized dependent on tolerance and those with less injury are able to ambulate with full weight-bearing. Nevertheless, most use crutches to reduce the burden to some extent and those with more discomfort may be limited to "toe touch" on the affected side for one to two weeks. Some advocate the ability to climb and descend stairs with minimal discomfort as an indication to permit full, or at least progressive, weight-bearing.
Early resistance exercise minimizes muscle atrophy and weakness and a variety of exercises—elastic bands, ankle weights, heel raise exercises—may be used in conjunction with a calf stretch. In the early stages, isometric strengthening and electrical stimulation will combat muscle atrophy and developing weakness.

See also
Sprained ankle

References

Category:Dislocations, sprains and strains


Bingham Road railway station (Nottinghamshire)

Bingham Road railway station, on the Great Northern and London and North Western Joint Railway, was one of two stations serving the village of Bingham, Nottinghamshire. It opened in 1879 and closed to regular traffic in 1951. The other station, Bingham on the Great Northern Railway Grantham to Nottingham line, is still open.

Former Services

References

Category:Disused railway stations in Nottinghamshire
Category:Railway stations opened in 1879
Category:Railway stations closed in 1951
Category:Former Great Northern Railway stations
Category:Former London and North Western Railway stations
Category:Bingham, Nottinghamshire


Wilson's Creek National Battlefield

Wilson's Creek National Battlefield, located at 6424 West Farm Road 182 near Republic, Missouri, preserves the site of the Battle of Wilson's Creek. Fought on August 10, 1861, the battle was the first major American Civil War engagement west of the Mississippi River. The Confederates' failure to exploit their victory here resulted in Missouri remaining in the Union. Major features include a 5-mile automobile tour loop, the restored 1852 Ray House, and "Bloody Hill," the site of the final stage of the battle. The site is located in southwestern Missouri just southwest of the city of Springfield.  It has been a unit of the National Park Service since 1960, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.

Battle at Wilson's Creek

The Battle of Wilson's Creek, also known as the Battle of Oak Hills, was fought on August 10, 1861, near Springfield, Missouri. Union forces under general Nathaniel Lyon were striving to defeat the Confederate-sympathizing Missouri State Guard under Sterling Price and preserve Missouri for the Union, along with St. Louis, a major port on the Mississippi River.  Lyon split his outnumbered forces into wings commanded by himself and Col. Franz Sigel in order to attack Price (who by this point in time had been reinforced by troops under the command of Benjamin McCulloch) from both the front and the rear.  After Sigel's force was driven from the field, Price and McCollough were able to combine their forces against Lyon's column on Bloody Hill.  Lyon was killed, at the Union forces retreated from the field. It was the first major military engagement in the American Civil War to take place west of the Mississippi river. Despite the Confederate victory on the field, the battle was eventually a strategic defeat and Missouri remained in the Union.

Park history
The battle site was established as Wilson's Creek National Battlefield Park on April 22, 1960, and was re-designated a National Battlefield on December 16, 1970. The battlefield was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.  The official area of the park was expanded by 615 acres in 2004 with the approval of Public Law 108-394.

Features
The park is open seven days a week from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. The visitor's center contains exhibits about the battle, a short film, fiber optics maps and a bookstore.  The battlefield is accessed by a 5-mile long self-guided automobile-tour loop, which connects eight stops highlighting historically important facets of the battlefield. The tour loop also features hiking trails and a seven-mile long horseback riding trail.

On August 10, the anniversary of the battle, the park hosts commemorative events.

The Wilson's Creek Civil War Museum (formerly the General Sweeny Museum), contains artifacts and exhibits relating to the war west of the Mississippi is located in the visitor's center.

The Ray House, which is still preserved on the battlefield, dates to before the Civil War, and was used as a field hospital following the battle.  General Lyon's body was brought to the Ray House by Confederate soldiers after the Union army retreated from the field.  The house is open for tours during limited hours over the summer.

The Civil War Trust (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and its partners have acquired and preserved  of the battlefield, most of which has been sold to the National Park Service and incorporated into the park.

One of the features at the battlefield site is the John K. and Ruth Hulston Civil War Research Library, which was founded in 1985.  The library contains over 12,000 books about the Civil War, with an emphasis on the Trans-Mississippi Theater.  The library also has digital access to Civil War genealogical information and some regimental histories.

References

External links

 Official NPS website: Wilson's Creek National Battlefield
 Wilson's Creek National Battlefield Foundation

Category:American Civil War battlefields
Category:History of Greene County, Missouri
Category:National Battlefields and Military Parks of the United States
Category:Missouri in the American Civil War
Category:Protected areas established in 1960
Category:American Civil War museums in Missouri
Category:Museums in Greene County, Missouri
Category:National Park Service areas in Missouri
Category:Protected areas of Greene County, Missouri
Category:Parks in Missouri
Category:1960 establishments in Missouri
Category:Battlefields of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War
Category:Conflict sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Greene County, Missouri
Category:American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places


Hambantota Wind Farm

The Hambantota Wind Farm was a wind farm in Hambantota, Sri Lanka, owned and operated by the state-run Ceylon Electricity Board. The wind farm, which was located along south-eastern coast of Hambantota was the country's first wind farm, and consisted of five NEG Micon M1500-600 wind turbines of  each. With a total installed capacity of , the wind farm generated up to approximately  of power a year.

The wind farm cost approximately  to build, of which 34% were local funds and 66% were foreign funds. Foreign funds were raised by the Global Environmental Facility and the World Bank. Studies on the project dated as early as 1988, more than a decade before it was commissioned in 1999. The wind farm was decommissioned and dismantled in late 2018.

See also

 List of power stations in Sri Lanka

References

Category:Wind farms in Sri Lanka
Category:Buildings and structures in Hambantota


Ahmadabad-e Rashti

Ahmadabad-e Rashti (, also Romanized as Aḩmadābād-e Rashtī and Aḩmadābād Rashtī; also known as Aḩmadābād) is a village in Garizat Rural District, Nir District, Taft County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 58, in 20 families.

References

Category:Populated places in Taft County


Mainstream (fanzine)

Mainstream was a science fiction fanzine edited by Jerry Kaufman and Suzanne Tompkins. The magazine was headquartered in Seattle. It was nominated for the 1991 Hugo Award for Best Fanzine, losing to Lan's Lantern. Mainstream ceased publication in December 1998 with #17.

References

Category:Defunct science fiction magazines of the United States
Category:Magazines with year of disestablishment missing
Category:Magazines disestablished in 1998
Category:Magazines published in Washington (state)
Category:Media in Seattle
Category:Science fiction fanzines
Category:1998 disestablishments in Washington (state)


TNNI3K

TNNI3 interacting kinase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNI3K gene.

Function

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) family of protein kinases. The protein contains ankyrin repeat, protein kinase and serine-rich domains and is thought to play a role in cardiac physiology.

Clinical significance

Mutations in TNNI3K are associated to .

References

Further reading


Frog (album)

Frog is an album by the Japanese noise musician Merzbow. It was inspired by frogs and utilizes their sounds. Masami Akita exhibited the audio and images at Yokohama Triennale 2001 in an installation called . It was reissued on CD in 2002, retitled Frog+, with a bonus disc of additional material and a screensaver.

Merzbow continued the frog theme on A Taste Of..., Puroland and Houjoue.

The album was used as source material for the remix album Frog Remixed and Revisited.

Track listing

Personnel
Masami Akita – performer, photos, collage art
Jenny Kawabata – design, support

Release history

References

Category:Merzbow albums
Category:2002 albums
Category:Concept albums


Saint-Moré

Saint-Moré is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France.

See also
Communes of the Yonne department

References
INSEE

Category:Communes of Yonne


Compass Travel

Compass Travel is an independent bus and coach operator based in Durrington, West Sussex.

History
Compass Travel operate over 50 bus services throughout Surrey and West Sussex, linking many places other bus companies do not serve. They operate commercial and contracted routes, including route 99, a flexible service between Petworth and Chichester. This service has a fixed route, but will deviate off the route to serve a number of small villages if pre-booked. In addition, a number of Sainsbury's special bus services are run, serving Rustington and Chichester Sainsbury's. Services to Benfield Park Sainsbury's were withdrawn in 2010.

In October 2006 the operation of some of Compass Travel's routes, mainly in the Burgess Hill area, passed to Countryliner. In September 2007, Compass picked up a number of routes formerly operated by Palaeobus, when they ceased trading. The Holmbush Express services were added to the portfolio from 20 April 2009, along with several other enhancements to existing services.

In April 2009, Compass acquired the three coach Sussex Country Tours business, including a rare 25 seater Robin Hood bodied Mercedes-Benz coach.

Work with Brighton & Hove Albion football club and rail replacement for Southern from the middle of 2011 saw the company expanding into new areas. Optare Solos are regularly seen plying between Rottingdean and Falmer Stadium, whereas the larger vehicles operate the services from Shoreham and Hangleton. Newer 10.8m Enviro 200s have strengthened the fleet to increase the number of vehicles available to rail replacement work, although at present this is largely restricted to services operating through Barnham under the low bridge.

From 3 January 2012, Compass took over the operation of the Stagecoach South route 7 in Worthing under a franchise agreement. Unique in South East England, this arrangement gives the running of the service to Compass, whilst Stagecoach retain it as part of their network. The service was adjusted by splitting the two estates - North Sompting to be served by a modification of the original route 7, and the Test Road estate to the south by the new 7A. This enabled the service to be operated by three vehicles instead of four as previously. Stagecoach livery and route branding has been applied to the vehicles.

Further expansion came when Compass won contracts to operate routes in East Sussex from 21 May 2012. These are in the Lewes / Newhaven / Seaford area. Six brand new Optare Solo SRs were ordered to operate these services.

More services resulted when Compass were awarded contracts for a number of services in Brighton & Hove, which commenced on 16 September 2012. Seven brand new Alexander Dennis Enviro 200 Darts were purchased to operate these routes. In the West Sussex area, a number of changes have resulted following West Sussex County Council cuts.

On 1 October 2016 the routes of The Sussex Bus were acquired. No buses were acquired.

in January and February 2018,  Seaford and District bus routes 125,231,261, 228 and 229 were acquired along with 2 Enviro 200 Darts from Seaford and District. Routes 228 and 229 are the company's first routes in Kent.

Fleet
As of October 2019 the fleet consisted of 71 buses, 6 coaches, a single training vehicle, and 15 Ancillary  Vehicles

See also
 List of bus operators of the United Kingdom

References

External links

 Company website

Category:Coach operators in England
Category:Bus operators in West Sussex
Category:Transport in Surrey
Category:Transport in West Sussex


Karim Hisami

Karim Hisami or Kerîmî Hisamî, (1926–2001) was an Iranian-Kurdish writer. He was born in the village of Beyrem near Mahabad.  His real name was Karimi Mirza Hamed. Karim Hisami was his pen-name. At early age, he became involved in politics, and was registered as the 18th member of Komeley Jiyanewey Kurd party. He was a member of political bureau of Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran until 1984. He lived most of his life in exile. In 1958, he fled to Iraq. In 1960, he moved to Czechoslovakia, where he studied in university. In the 1970s, he was working in Radio Peyk Iran (Radio Iranian Messenger) in Bulgaria. He went back to Iran in 1978 after the revolution. In 1985 he moved to Sweden, where he stayed until his death on October 6, 2001. In Sweden, he published a Kurdish journal titled Serdemî Nwê from 1986 to 1990. He was also closely affiliated with the Iraqi Communist Party.
He is famous for his memoires, titled Le Bîreweriyekanim (From my memoires).  He published eleven volumes of his massive memoires, between 1986 and 2001. This work is an important source for the study of Kurdish political movements in Iran. He has also translated literary works of Maxim Gorky, Ignazio Silone and Nikos Kazantzakis into Kurdish.

Works

Books
Karwanêk le şehîdanî Kurdistanî Êran (The martyrs of the Iranian Kurdistan).
Pêdaçûnewe (Review), Mardin Publishers, Sweden.  / 9188880230
Le Bîreweriyekanim (From my memoires), Vol. I, 316 pp., Jîna Nû Publishers, Uppsala, Sweden, 1986.
Komarî Dêmokratî Kurdistan yan Xudmuxtarî (The Kurdistan Democratic Republic or Autonomy), 112 pp., Azad Publishers, Sverige, Sweden, 1986.
Le Bîreweriyekanim: 1957-1965, Vol.II., 164 pp., Stockholm, 1987.
Yadî Hêmin, 97 pp., Kista, 1987.
Le Bîreweriyekanim: 1965-1970, Vol. III, 250 pp., Stockholm, 1988.
Le Bîreweriyekanim: 1970-1975, Vol. IV, 235 pp., Stockholm, 1990.
Le Bîreweriyekanim: 1975-1979, Vol. V, 291 pp., Stockholm, 1991.
Le Bîreweriyekanim: 1979-1983, Vol. VI, 295 pp., Stockholm, 1992.
Le Bîreweriyekanim: 1983-1985, Vol. VII, 275 pp., Stockholm, 1994.
Seferê bo Kurdistan (A Travel to Kurdistan), Stockholm, 1994.
Geştêk benêw Bîreweriyekanda, 303 pp., Solförl. Publishers, Sullentuna, 1997.
Dîmokrasî çiye? (What is Democracy?), 230 pp., Mukriyani Publishers, Arbil, 2001.

Translation
Dayik, translation of Mother by Maxim Gorky.
Azadî yan Merg, translation of Freedom or Death by Nikos Kazantzakis
Nan û şerab, translation of Bread and Wine by Ignazio Silone, Ministry of Education  Publishers, Arbil, Iraqi Kurdistan, 2003.

References
Karim Hisami, Immigrant Institute (in Swedish)

Category:1926 births
Category:2001 deaths
Category:Iranian writers
Category:Kurdish-language writers
Category:Iranian Kurdish people
Category:Kurdish scholars


King George's Fields (Monken Hadley)

King George's Fields is a 28 hectare Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade II, in Monken Hadley in the London Borough of Barnet.

It is one of many King George's Fields all over the country, established as memorials to King George V, who died in 1936. These KGV fields are legally protected as places for public recreation through a "deed of dedication" with the Fields in Trust charity.

Habitat
The site consists of a patchwork of fields, intersected by overgrown hedgerows, narrow strips of woodland and small streams. There are a number of magnificent old oaks, and breeding birds include sparrowhawk, stock dove, bullfinch, willow warbler and chaffinch. There are also a number of common butterflies and the uncommon chimney sweeper moth.

The Shirebourne brook runs north-south through the fields.

Location
There are entrances from Hadley Green Road, Burnside Close and South Close. On the other side of Hadley Green Road is Hadley Green, the traditional site of the Battle of Barnet in the War of the Roses in 1471. The London Loop walk passes through the site.

See also
 List of King George V Playing Fields in London
 Barnet parks and open spaces
 Nature reserves in Barnet

References

Further reading

External links

Category:Nature reserves in the London Borough of Barnet
Category:Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Barnet
Category:King George's Fields
Category:Monken Hadley
Category:Chipping Barnet


Cloth mill Offermann

The cloth mill Offermann was a brass factory of the 18th century in the German city of Stolberg. Later it became a cloth mill demonstrating the change of industrial development in the city. Currently it is used as an apartment building.

History of the building
The building was founded in the 18th century as a brass factory. Together with other brass factories like the Eagle-Pharmacy or the factory Bauschenberg it flourished for many years.

As soon as the importance of the brass industry decreased, the building was sold to Johann Paul Offermann, a clothier of the nearby village of Imgenbroich. For nearly 60 years the building was used for the production of cloth despite competition of the neighbouring cloth mill Krone.

At the beginning of the 19th century the building was sold and partly used as a restaurant. Some parts of the building were decrepit.

At the end of the 20th century the whole building was restored. Currently it is used as an apartment building.

External links
 Historians are fascinated by the cloth mill Offermann {ge}

Category:Duchy of Jülich


Souda (company)

Souda (pronounced “soh-duh”) is a design studio based in Brooklyn, New York, specializing in modern furniture, lighting and accessories. The studio was named as one of the “coolest design companies” at the International Contemporary Furniture Fair (ICFF) 2013 by Complex Magazine, and was awarded the Editors Choice Award for Best New Design Studio in 2014 at the ICFF.

History

Souda was founded in 2012 by Parsons School of Design graduates Luft Tanaka, Shaun Kasperbauer, and Isaac Friedman-Helman, who later became the creative director at the design startup WorkOf. Since its founding, the studio has been housed in a former nightclub they found via Craiglist, located in Bushwick, Brooklyn.

Named for a Japanese word that loosely translates to mean "oh, yeah” or "aha!", the design studio's name sounds like "the carbonated soft drink", as written in Brooklyn Magazine.

Products

Souda's products include the Bubble Chandelier, a light made from recycled plastic bottles, the Kreten Side Tables and Candelabra, an “industrial, organic, and sculptural” series made from a unique concrete casting method, the Strut Shelves, the Kawa (a Japanese word for "skin" or "leather") pendant lights, and the Ettore Sottsass-inspired ‘Sass Series’ made from wooden bases and marble tops.

In the 2014 Architectural Digest Home Design Show, the studio presented porcelain bowls, pendant lights slipcasted in recyclable leather molds, and a shelving unit inspired by the construction of initial aircraft carriers and the Manhattan Bridge.

References

Category:Design companies of the United States
Category:Companies based in Brooklyn


Camp Connell, California

Camp Connell is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. It lies at an elevation of 4760 feet (1451 m).  The first post office was established in 1934 and landowner John F. Connell was appointed first postmaster; the place is named after him.

References

External links

Category:Unincorporated communities in California
Category:Unincorporated communities in Calaveras County, California


Wolff's law

Wolff's law, developed by the German anatomist and surgeon Julius Wolff (1836–1902) in the 19th century, states that bone in a healthy person or animal will adapt to the loads under which it is placed.  If loading on a particular bone increases, the bone will remodel itself over time to become stronger to resist that sort of loading. The internal architecture of the trabeculae undergoes adaptive changes, followed by secondary changes to the external cortical portion of the bone, perhaps becoming thicker as a result. The inverse is true as well: if the loading on a bone decreases, the bone will become less dense and weaker due to the lack of the stimulus required for  continued remodeling. This reduction in bone density (osteopenia) is known as stress shielding and can occur as a result of a hip replacement (or other prosthesis).  The normal stress on a bone is shielded from that bone by being placed on a prosthetic implant.

Mechanotransduction
The remodeling of bone in response to loading is achieved via mechanotransduction, a process through which forces or other mechanical signals are converted to biochemical signals in cellular signaling. Mechanotransduction leading to bone remodeling involve the steps of mechanocoupling, biochemical coupling, signal transmission, and cell response. The specific effects on bone structure depends on the duration, magnitude and rate of loading, and it has been found that only cyclic loading can induce bone formation. When loaded, fluid flows away from areas of high compressive loading in the bone matrix. Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone and are also the most sensitive to such fluid flow caused by mechanical loading. Upon sensing a load, osteocytes regulate bone remodeling by signaling to other cells with signaling molecules or direct contact. Additionally, osteoprogenitor cells, which may differentiate into osteoblasts or osteoclasts, are also mechanosensors and may differentiate one way or another depending on the loading condition.

Computational models suggest that mechanical feedback loops can stably regulate bone remodeling by reorienting trabeculae in the direction of the mechanical loads.

Associated laws
In relation to soft tissue, Davis' law explains how soft tissue remodels itself according to imposed demands.
Refinement of Wolff's Law: Utah-Paradigm of Bone physiology (Mechanostat Theorem) by Harold Frost.

Examples

The racquet-holding arm bones of tennis players become much stronger than those of the other arm. Their bodies have strengthened the bones in their racquet-holding arm since it is routinely placed under higher than normal stresses. The most critical loads on a tennis player's arms occur during the serve. There are four main phases of a tennis serve and the highest loads occur during external shoulder rotation and ball impact. The combination of high load and arm rotation result in a twisted bone density profile.
 Weightlifters often display increases in bone density in response to their training.
  The deforming effects of torticollis on craniofacial development in children.

Astronauts often suffer from the reverse; Being in a microgravity environment, they tend to lose bone density.

See also
 Functional matrix hypothesis
 Osteogenic loading
 Iron Shirt, Wushu/Kungfu bone conditioning

References

 Das Gesetz der Transformation der Knochen - 1892. Reprint: Pro Business, Berlin 2010, .

External links
 Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, main research areas are the regeneration and biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system and the improvement of joint replacement.

Category:Musculoskeletal system
Category:Biological defense mechanisms


INS Kuthar (P46)

INS Kuthar is a , currently in service with the Indian Navy. It was designed by Indian naval architects and built at Mazagon Dock in Mumbai. INS Kuthar was part of Western Naval Command till 1998 later it moved to be part of Eastern Naval Command. It was damaged in a mishap that occurred on 15 July 2014. The mishap occurred after the naval ship returned to the port after completing a mission.

Maritime exercise
 Kuthar was one of the six ships of Eastern Naval Command which was part of naval exercise in Bay of Bengal on the eve of Navy week celebrations in the year 2005.
 Missile corvette Kuthar along with INS Satpura and INS Ranvijay represented the Indian Navy in the first ever Japan-India maritime exercise (JIMEX) which was held in the Bay of Bengal from 19 December to 22 December 2013.

Incidents
 Sub Lieutenant Tejveer Singh died on Tuesday October 11, 2016 onboard INS Kuthar after he accidentally fired his 9mm pistol. Singh fired the round accidentally at around 1430 hours and was injured. He was then shifted to Naval Hospital INHS Kalyani in Visakhapatnam wherein he succumbed to his injuries.

References

Category:Khukri-class corvettes
Category:Corvettes of the Indian Navy
Category:Active naval ships of India
Category:1989 ships
Category:Ships built in India


Edward Kennedy (priest)

Edward Mitchell Kennedy  was a Church of Ireland priest in Ireland during the nineteenth century.

Kennedy was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He  was Prebendary of Stagonil in St Patrick's Cathedral from 1843 to 1846;  and then of Clonmethan from 1846.  He was Dean of Clonfert from 1850 until his death in 1864.

References

Category:Deans of Clonfert
Category:19th-century Irish people
Category:19th-century Anglican priests
Category:Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Category:1864 deaths


Louis S. Kahnweiler

Louis S. Kahnweiler (October 14, 1919 – February 26, 2017) was a real estate investor who co-founded the firm Bennett & Kahnweiler.

Biography
Kahnweiler was born to a Jewish family in Chicago and was raised in the Hyde Park neighborhood. In 1937, he graduated from Hyde Park High School and in 1941 he graduated with a B.A. in business from Northwestern University.
He served in the U.S. Navy. In 1947, he co-founded with Marshall Bennett the real estate development company Bennett & Kahnweiler. He is known for the development of industrial parks, including Centex Industrial Park in Elk Grove Village, Illinois in 1957 located to the west of O'Hare airport. Kahnweiler amassed a portfolio of 26 industrial parks around the country. In 1985, he added investment counseling, property management, office brokerage and development to a company better known as a broker of factories and developer of industrial parks. Kahnweiler's firm is now known as Colliers International, after investments by a Toronto-based commercial real estate servicer.

Among Kahnweiler's adages was, "Don't ever become a prisoner of your financial lifestyle"

Philanthropy
Kahnweiler served as "Life Trustee" of Roosevelt University. He served as President of District 108 School Board in Highland Park, Illinois. He also served on the board of directors of Highland Park General Hospital, Exchange National Bank of Chicago and Roosevelt University.

Personal life
In 1948, he married Ruth Markus; they had three children: Nancy Kahnweiler Randall; William Kahnweiler, and Kathy Kahnweiler. He died on February 26, 2017 in Lake Forest, Illinois of natural causes. Services were held at Mitzvah Memorial Funerals.

References

 http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-10-13/business/8503110117_1_industrial-parks-real-estate-estate-brokerage-firm
 https://www.bisnow.com/chicago/news/commercial-real-estate/My-Story-Marshall-Bennett

External links
 David Ibata, Self-renewal: Kahnweiler`s Motto, Chicago Tribune, October 13, 1985

Category:1919 births
Category:2017 deaths
Category:Jewish American philanthropists
Category:American real estate businesspeople
Category:Northwestern University alumni
Category:Businesspeople from Chicago
Category:Philanthropists from Illinois


Subcarpați

Subcarpați (the name is Romanian for the Romanian portion of Subcarpathia) is a Romanian hip-hop band from Bucharest. Formed in 2010 by MC Bean (Alexe Marius Andrei), the band blends hip-hop with elements from Romanian folk music. The genre seeks to reinterpret popular motifs specific to Romanian's folk music, and is often referred to as "underground folklore".

The project had brought together various artists: Omu' Gnom (Raparta), DJ Limun from Timișoara, Mara, Dragonu' from Specii, VJ Andri, DJ Power Pe Vinil, Esqu, Argatu', and other collaborators.

The British newspaper The Guardian described Subcarpați as being "an explosive mixture of old and new. It's an eclectic combination that brings together melancholy Romanian folk songs, Romanian unity songs, traditional instruments and the rhythms of trip-hop, dubstep, hip-hop and dancehall."

Discography
Albums
 Subcarpați (2010)
 Underground Folclor (2012)
 Pielea de găină (2014)
 Satele Unite ale Balcanilor (2016)
 Zori (2018)
 Asfințit (2018)

References

External links

 Official Facebook page
 Official Soundcloud page

Category:Romanian hip hop groups
Category:Musical groups established in 2010
Category:Romanian electronic music groups


Epistle of Pseudo-Titus

The Epistle of Pseudo-Titus is a letter attributed to Titus, a companion of Paul of Tarsus, to an unidentified ascetic community of Christian men and women. It commends the life of chastity and condemns all sexual activity, even that within marriage, as sinful.  The epistle is classified under the Apocryphal New Testament and survives only in the Codex Burchardi, an eighth-century Latin manuscript, discovered in 1896 among the homilies of Caesarius of Arles.  The Latin epistle contains many solecisms which originated with an author who lacked proficiency with Latin and Greek.  The origins of the epistle remain unclear, however, it contains strong features of encratism. It may have connections with the Priscillianist movement in fifth century Spain.

Sources
The epistle contains about a hundred citations from the Old Testament, New Testament, and other apocryphal writings; Pseudo-Titus most frequently cites the Psalms, Ezekiel, the Gospels, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, and Revelation, however, his citations are diverse and a few citations remain unknown.  The story about Peter blessing a gardener's daughter has gained the attention of biblical scholars as it may derive from a lost portion of the Acts of Peter and has generated discussion about apostolic influence on family life among early Christians.  The epistle may contain a lost story from the Acts of Andrew which entails the apostle Andrew attending a wedding to teach celibacy to the men and women there.

Content
The epistle's author writes to a Christian monastic community of men and women who have fallen into sin by having sexual relations with one another. The first portion of the epistle addresses the Christian woman as "virgin" while most of the remainder is addressed to the Christian man.  Pseudo-Titus reminds his audience of their fear of eternal punishment as mentioned in the Book of Revelation as a means to deter the ascetic away from sensual temptation and sexual immortality.  Pseudo-Titus gives ample citations and exegeses in support of strict celibacy, usually citing Paul first in a series of citations. The epistle reveals to its reader that the women serve the ascetic men in the monastic community.  Pseudo-Titus suggests that since the men cannot behave righteously in the presence of their ascetic female members, that they ought to seclude themselves into a monastic community of their own.  In support of this argument, Pseudo-Titus gives the illustration of the story of  Susanna and the Elders, which exemplifies the Jewish elders who also could not practice chastity in the presence of women.

References

 Johann Georg von Eckhart: Commentarii De Rebus Franciae Orientalis et Episcopatus Wirceburgensis Tomus 1, Würzburg 1729.  p. 845, see section XXXVIII. (Latin)
 Germain Morin, L'homéliaire de Burchard de Würzburg. Contribution à la critique de saint Césaire d'Arles. In: Revue bénédictine 13. 1896. p. 97-111. (French)
 Donatien de Bruyne: Nouveaux fragments des Actes de Pierre, de Paul, de Jean, d`Andre, et de l`Apocalypse d`Elie. In: Revue bénédictine 25. 1908. p. 149-160 (French)
 Donatien de Bruyne: Epistula Titi, discipuli Pauli, de dispositione sanctimonii. In: Revue bénédictine; 37. 1925. p. 47-72. P. 47-63 contain the full Latin text of the source. (Latin and French)
 Adolf Harnack: Der apokryphe Brief des Paulusschülers Titus »de dispositione sanctimonii«. In: Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 17, 1925 p. 180-214. (German)
 Aurelio de Santos Otero: Der apokryphe Titusbrief. In: Zeitschrift für Kirchgengeschichte Vol. 74, 1963, p. 1-14. (German)
E. Hennecke, New Testament Apocrypha, ed. W. Schneemelcher, Eng. trans. ed. R. McL. Wilson, 2 vols. (London, 1963 and 1965), 141-166.
J. K. Elliott, The Apocryphal New Testament: A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation Based on M.R. James (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2009) 532-533.
Bart D. Ehrman, Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003), xiv, 9.
Cornelia B. Horn, "The Pseudo-Clementine Homilies and the Challenges of the Conversion of Families," Lectio Difficilior (2/2007), accessed November 15, 2011 http://www.lectio.unibe.ch/07_2/pdf/horn_cornelia.pdf.
Amy-Jill Levine and Maria Mayo Robbins, A Feminist Companion to the New Testament Apocrypha, (New York: T&T Clark International, 2006), 144.
Andrea Lorenzo Molinari, I Never Knew the Man: The Coptic Act of Peter (Papyrus Berolinensis 8502.4) Its Independence from the Apocryphal Acts of Peter, Genre, and Legendary Origins (Saint-Nicolas, Quebec, Canada: Les Presses de l'Universite Laval, 2000), 86.

External links
 Codex Burchardi (M.p.th.f.28). Full scan of the manuscript of Würzburg University Library with the headline of Pseudo-Titus.

Category:Apocryphal epistles


Pezotettix

Pezotettix is a genus of 'short-horned grasshoppers' belonging to the family Acrididae subfamily Pezotettiginae (similar to and previously placed in the Catantopinae).

Distribution
The species belonging to this genus are present in most of Europe, in the Near East and in North Africa.

Species
Species within this genus include:
Pezotettix anatolica Uvarov, 1934
Pezotettix cotti Dirsh, 1949
Pezotettix curvicerca Uvarov, 1934
Pezotettix cypria Dirsh, 1949
Pezotettix giornae Rossi, 1794 - type species (as Gryllus giornae Rossi)
Pezotettix judaica Uvarov, 1934
Pezotettix lagoi Jannone, 1936
Pezotettix platycerca Stål, 1876
Pezotettix sorbinii Massa & Fontana, 1998

References

External links

Category:Acrididae
Category:Orthoptera of Africa
Category:Orthoptera of Europe


Sabata (film)

Sabata (, lit. "Hey buddy ... that's Sabata. You're finished!"), is a 1969 Italian Spaghetti Western directed by Gianfranco Parolini. It is the first film in The Sabata Trilogy by Parolini, and stars Lee Van Cleef as the title character. Parolini had previously had a major success with the first Sartana spaghetti western If You Meet Sartana Pray for Your Death (1968), but the sequels were given to other directors, such as Giuliano Carnimeo. Producer Alberto Grimaldi contacted Parolini for a similar series of Sabata.

Synopsis
Sabata, a man of few words, arrives in a small Texas town to foil a bank robbery, and discovers that it was a plot by the town's leaders, who want to sell the town to the railroad. Sabata blackmails the leader, Stengel, who then sends various thugs to try and kill him, among them a conflicted killer named Banjo, so named for the musical instrument he carries that conceals a rifle.

Cast
 Lee Van Cleef as Sabata, A gunman of almost superhuman accuracy and questionable morals, he solves the majority of his problems with a combination of superior firepower and accuracy. His weapon of choice is a peculiar four-barreled derringer, alongside a rifle with an extended barrel.
 William Berger as Banjo. the only man in the film who is almost on par with Sabata gunfighting-wise. Hiding out in the town after some unnamed trouble in Denver, he seems to know everything that is going on in the town, and tries to make money off both Sabata and Stengel. He carries a banjo everywhere.
 Ignazio Spalla (as Pedro Sanchez) as Carrincha, a fat alcoholic Civil War veteran who hurls knives at people between rants about the dullness of civilian life and the worthlessness of medals. The majority of his sentences end in insane laughter.
 Aldo Canti (as Nick Jordan) as Indio/Alley Cat, Carrincha's only "friend", Alley Cat is a silent Indian who performs amazing acrobatics and can escape any pursuer.
 Linda Veras as Jane, a saloon girl who is attracted to Banjo.
 Franco Ressel as Stengel, the effeminate villain of the story, he engineered the robbery that set the whole plot in motion. Very smug in the belief that he is superior to the rest of humanity, he kills people with a dart gun concealed in a cane.
 Antonio Gradoli (as Anthony Gradwell) as Ferguson, Stengel's increasingly reluctant partners in crime.
 Claudio Undari (as Robert Hundar) as Oswald
 Gianni Rizzo as Judge O'Hara, another of stengel's increasingly reluctant partners in crime.

Release
Sabata was released in Italy in September 1969.

References

Footnotes

Sources

External links

Sabata at Shobary's Spaghetti Westerns

Category:1969 films
Category:1960s Western (genre) films
Category:Italian films
Category:Italian-language films
Category:English-language films
Category:Spaghetti Western films
Category:Films set in Texas
Category:United Artists films
Category:Films directed by Gianfranco Parolini
Category:Films produced by Alberto Grimaldi
Category:Bank robbery in fiction
Category:Films shot in Almería
Category:Films scored by Marcello Giombini


Iacopo II Appiani

Iacopo II Appiani (1400 – December 27, 1441) was the lord of Piombino from 1411 until 1427.

He was born in Piombino, the son of Gherardo Appiano, whom he succeeded in 1411, remaining under the regency of his mother Paola Colonna until coming of age. He is described as a cruel man, switching abruptly his alliances from the Republic of Florence to that of Siena, and then moving again to the former. He strengthened his position by marrying Donella Fieschi, daughter of the powerful Genoese patrician and Florentine commander Gian Luigi Fieschi.

Iacopo died childless in 1427, perhaps poisoned, and was succeeded by his mother.

Category:1400 births
Category:1441 deaths
Iacopo 2
Category:People from Piombino
Iacopo 2