Anne Lorne Gillies

Anne Lorne Gillies () is a singer, writer and Gaelic activist. She is a classically trained musician and a professional singer/songwriter. She was born in Stirling in 1944, and raised on a croft in Argyll from the age of five.

Early life
Gillies' musical upbringing was wide-ranging. Her maternal grandparents were professional classical violinists, and Gillies learned piano from an early age. While a pupil at Oban High School she was inspired by many of her teachers, especially her English teacher, the poet Iain Crichton Smith, and John Maclean, the Rector (Headmaster) of the school, a native of the Island of Raasay, classical scholar and brother of poet Sorley Maclean, from whom she learned a large number of Gaelic songs and to whom she dedicated her seminal book Songs of Gaelic Scotland (Birlinn, Edinburgh, 2005).

In her teens, Gillies sang, danced and played at cèilidhs, concerts and Mòds, and even introduced a touch of Gaelic culture to BBC Radio Scotland's Children's Hour. She also took advantage of the wide variety of amateur musical and theatrical productions which Oban offered, from school-based folk-group, baroque ensemble, debating society and drama productions to local bands, Gilbert and Sullivan productions and public speaking.

In 1962, three months after leaving Oban High School, she won the coveted Women's Gold Medal for singing at the Royal National Mòd an honour which brought with it a raft of opportunities to perform in concerts, tours, folk-clubs and festivals on both sides of the Border.

Highlights from this early period of Gillies' career include singing at large-scale Gaelic concerts on the official programme of the Edinburgh International Festival (Usher Hall, Leith Town Hall); appearing in the first of many live Hogmanay shows (1964) to an audience of over 20 million people; taking part in an iconic televised folk concert in Glasgow's Kelvin Hall, organised by poet/folklorist Hamish Henderson, singing alongside legendary Scots and Irish traditional performers such as Jeannie Robertson and The Chieftains. Following this appearance Gillies struck up an unlikely but fruitful musical partnership with Jimmy MacBeath, an itinerant worker and singer of Bothy Ballads from the north east of Scotland. During these early years Gillies also gave regular radio recitals of a capella Gaelic song on BBC Scotland, and sang on the early BBC Gaelic black-and-white television series Songs all the Way.

In 1965 Gillies graduated MA (Celtic and English) from the University of Edinburgh, and went on to complete a post-graduate year as research student/transcriber in the School of Scottish Studies, at a time when the collection of Scotland's precious heritage of Gaelic song was at its peak. Then, in 1966, she left Scotland to pursue classical vocal training in Italy and London. She spent the next five years completing her apprenticeship both as a singer, under the tutelage of German Lieder experts Helene Isepp, Ilse Wolf and Paul Hamburger, and also (to "have something to fall back on") as a secondary school teacher of English, History and Music. Having acquired a Postgraduate Certificate in Education from the University of London (PGCE), she went on to teach in a huge, progressive, arts-orientated comprehensive school in Bicester, Oxfordshire, famed for the size and quality of its Music Department: its impressive end-of-term productions involved the whole community and included Wagner's Die Meistersinger and Verdi's Nabucco (with Gillies in the rôle of Abigail). It was with very mixed feelings that she resigned her post to concentrate on her professional career.

Television performer
Gillies returned to Scotland in 1971, and has been based there ever since, though her career has taken her to many corners of the world, singing in:

 Concerts, lecture-recitals, festivals, etc. (Britain, Europe, the US and Canada); corporate entertainment (cabaret and speaking engagements)
 Theatre – Royal variety performances, pantomimes, musical theatre, one-woman plays, children's shows
 Studio recordings – ten solo albums to date (Gaelic, Scots and English) and numerous collaborations and compilations
 Radio and, especially, television

Her media “break” came as resident singer on "Mainly Magnus" (1971–72) – a 26-week live Saturday night TV chat-show (BBC Scotland) hosted by Magnus Magnusson. Other BBC Scotland TV programmes followed, including the much-loved Gaelic musical series 'S e ur beatha BBC Scotland, on which Gillies sang and introduced traditional performers including Aly Bain, Tom Anderson and Na h-Òganaich.

In 1973, shortly after the birth of her first child, she starred in a one-off eponymous 50-minute "special" programme (BBC2 UK network) with guest star Stefan Grapelli. Showcasing Gillies' wide musical repertoire and also featuring her talent as a storyteller and illustrator, this show gained her the rather ironic title of "Best TV Newcomer of the Year", as voted for by readers of the Daily Record for TRICS, the Television and Radio Industries Club of Scotland. (Even more ironically she was invited back the following year to present the same award to Billy Connolly.)

The following, though not exhaustive, summary gives an indication of the scope and variety of Anne's television career during this "high noon" of her television career, and why Terry Wogan – in Birmingham during his "Come Dancing" days – greeted her with the words:“I know who you are. You’re the girl that does more television than all the rest of us put together.”

• Anne Lorne Gillies: another 50-minute “one-off music special” (network/UK: BBC2, for legendary producer Yvonne Littlewood) was followed by a series of six programmes with the same format in which Gillies presented and sang with a stunning array of international guests including the Swingle Singers, The Kings Singers, the Chieftains, Fairport Convention, Scottish Ballet, Juan Martine, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen.

• There was a Girl: a series created for BBC Scotland by the Laurence Olivier Award-winning English dancer Gillian Lynne (choreographer of Cats, Phantom of the Opera, etc. who was created a Dame in 2014). In each programme Anne told a separate love story through music and dance with the help of a troupe of male Broadway dancers, and each featured a male star of film and stage: George Chakiris (American Academy Award-winning actor/dancer, best known for creating the rôle of Bernardo Nuñez, leader of the Sharks, in the Hollywood smash-hit musical West Side Story), David Hemmings (star of Michaelangelo's Antonioni's enigmatic English film Blow-up), French actor / dancer Jean-Pierre Cassel (Murder on the Orient Express, Oh! What a Lovely War, Prêt-à-Porter) and Barry Ingham, star of the Royal Shakespeare Company and musicals on Broadway and London's West End (Gypsy, Camelot, Aspects of Love)

• Something to Sing About (BBC2 UK/network) six 50-minute Light Entertainment programmes co-starring legendary Scottish comedian Chick Murray, actors Patrick Malahide and Jan Wilson, and Scots baritone Peter Morrison.

• The Castles of Mar (BBC Scotland) location OB series filmed in Royal Deeside from some of the National Trust for Scotland's most iconic castles. Anne sang Scots songs, mainly from the North-East tradition, and introduced some of Scotland's most enduring entertainers, including Andy Stewart, Isla St Clair, Fulton MacKay, Russell Hunter and Iain Cuthbertson

• Many one-off TV shows, including Rhythm on Two (contrasting the styles of Gillies and Barbara Dickson, BBC2 UK); Anna agus Clannad (BBC Scotland) – highlighting stylistic similarities and distinctions between the Scots and Irish Gaelic traditions; The Puffer’s Progress: an hour-long film (BBC1 network/UK) shot on location on board a Clyde ‘puffer’ as she steamed slowly along the Crinan Canal, and showcasing Gillies' own original songs – including her “signature song” “The Hills of Lorne”; My kind of music (BBC1 network/UK) also showcasing Gillies' own songs, including “After the Pantomime”: with special guest star, Alan Price.

• Numerous guest appearances on popular BBC TV series such as Castles in the Air, Songs of Scotland, The Max Boyce Show and Talla a’ Bhaile; on, Independent channels, Thingummyjig, Sir Harry Secombe’s Highway; and of course the live Hogmanay shows (BBC and ITV network/UK) in which Gillies starred regularly, over the years, alongside Scottish stars such as Kenneth MacKellar, Iain Cuthbertson, Alastair MacDonald, Peter Morrison and Annie Ross.

• Children's programmes: Gillies' brief but enjoyable stint as Scottish anchorperson on the Multi-coloured Swap Shop (presented by Noel Edmonds and Keith Chegwyn) was interrupted by the birth of her third child. Thereafter she was involved in several Gaelic children's series, including Bzzz which featured twelve original Gaelic pop-songs co-written by Anne and pianist David Pringle.

From the late 1980s onwards Gillies increasingly worked as presenter / interviewer of adult programmes, especially those in, or relating to, the Gaelic language: she fronted three series of About Gaelic (Scottish Television's popular and informative chat-show – an "introduction to Gaelic culture for non-Gaelic speakers") and Barail nam Boireannach – two challenging hour-long Gaelic language versions of Scottish Television's current affairs series 100 Scottish Women. She was also a guest presenter on BBC's Saturday Night at the Mill (where she interviewed, among others, Tippi Hedren, star of Alfred Hitchcock's film The Birds) and, in the 1990s, completed a terrifying 5-day stint chairing Channel Four's live daytime current affairs programme Powerhouse.

More recently, with the growth of Gaelic-medium television programming, her innumerable appearances have included

 interviewee in chat-shows like Còmhradh ri Fionnlagh and Domhnall MacLeòid agus Dòmhnall MacLeòid (STV / Grampian);
 Thuige seo and Fonn mo bheatha with Cathy Anne MacPhee (BBC Alba)
 presenter of religious series: Laoidhean agus Sailm and Spiorad Dhè (STV / Grampian)
 actor in Leabhar an Àigh – dramatised documentary about the man who wrote the definitive Gaelicdictionary, Edward Dwelly (BBC Alba)
 writer / presenter of Dà chànan aon chridhe / Twa heids ane hert 45-minute TV musical documentary about Robert Burns (MNE for BBC2) with guest musicians including Sheena Wellington, Jim Malcolm, Karen Matheson, Donald Shaw, James Graham, Maggie MacInnes
 writer / producer of Para Shandaidh, Sàr Mharaiche (Brìgh for BBC2) a Gaelic drama-documentary which earned Gillies' favourite of all her many reviews over the years: "There is a clear temptation to say that “Para Handy, Master Mariner was ‘chust sublime’, but since it contained only a passing reference to the incident involving a flying tortoise in Glasgow's Carrick Street, the accolade is withheld... An affectionate, thoroughly enjoyable film." (Ian Bell, Scotsman)

Champion of Gaelic
Throughout her career Gillies has espoused many causes, charitable, cultural and political: she has given her services freely to raise funds and public awareness for many organisations – medical, social, artistic, political – especially those connected to children and Scottish Gaelic culture. In 1983 she was invited to take on the role of Patron of Comhairle nan Sgoiltean Àraich (the Gaelic Voluntary Playgroup Association) and then became a key player in a no-holds barred nationwide campaign to persuade the authorities to recognise the importance of the Gaelic language both within Scotland and at international level: the urgent need to reverse the decline of Gaelic as a spoken language and to protect and develop its rich heritage through its development as a medium of communication on radio and television and, especially, in mainstream education.

In between raising her own three children she worked tirelessly in support of Gaelic voluntary organisations, raising funds and public awareness, organising events, committees and parental groups, and using her contacts and expertise to persuade all political parties, as well as the educational establishment, to acknowledge the viability and value of Gaelic in the modern world – specifically as a medium of education at every level of education, both formal and in the community. In 1983 she was commissioned by Sabhal Mòr Ostaig (the Gaelic College in Skye) to conduct a large-scale study into “popular attitudes towards Gaelic and its relevance to 20th century Scotland”. Her report led directly to her return to University: first as a full-time post-graduate student in the University of Strathclyde, where she.gained an Additional Qualification as a primary teacher which enabled her fully to support the newly established Gaelic-medium units on both a voluntary and a professional basis. She also attended the University of Glasgow for a part-time Masters’ course in Multicultural Education, which was commuted after one year to a part-time PhD.: Fraser, Anne (1989) “Gaelic in primary education: a study of the development of Gaelic bilingual education in urban contexts”. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

She completed this in record time while simultaneously holding down the post of National Education Development Officer with Comann na Gàidhlig (CnaG), the principal Government-funded language development agency at the time. Gillies' remit with CnaG was the promotion of Gaelic as a medium of education at all levels, from preschool to tertiary; to inform parents, educators, the media, government officials and politicians of all parties of the historical importance of Gaelic to Scotland and the world, and to facilitate its usage in the modern context and continuance for future generations. The work of Anne and her colleagues throughout the Gaelic-speaking community led to a sea-change in the fortunes of the language, with unprecedented levels of official support, its burgeoning usage within the Scottish education system and media, and – vitally – its endorsement and encouragement among native Gaelic-speakers and learners at grassroots level. Massively heartening developments which could not have been predicted when Gillies' own children were growing up.

In 1991 Gillies was appointed by Govan Initiative Ltd to develop an arts strategy for the enrichment of a disparate and often dispirited area that had suffered from acute social and economic problems since the decline of the shipbuilding industry. She devised a wide array of arts activities designed to address problems of unemployment, homelessness, addiction, disability, and fear of crime. Among these was the Greater Govan Youth Theatre, a network of groups designed to develop skills and overcome social, sectarian and territorial dichotomies. Conscious of the historical presence of a substantial Gaelic-speaking population in Govan, Gillies devised and produced Tuathcheòl – a televised Gaelic country music series from Glasgow's Grand Old Opry on Govan Road that became popular with audiences throughout Scotland and Ireland.

In 1996 she was appointed Gaelic Lecturer in the Faculty of Education of the University of Strathclyde.

Gillies has served voluntarily on numerous committees and working-parties, including the Scottish Arts Council Music Committee, The Gaelic Books Council and the Curriculum for Excellence Consultative Group on Gaelic.

Political activism
In 1990s she became publicly and actively involved in the Scottish National Party (SNP), an organisation with which her family had had ties, both direct and indirect, for many decades (see William Gillies). In 1996 she was elected to the SNP's National Council and National Executive Committee, appointed Cabinet Spokesperson on the Arts, Culture and Gaelic, and then stood as SNP candidate for the Western Isles constituency at the 1997 general election and put her public profile to use throughout Scotland in promoting Devolution.

In September 1998 she was selected as a candidate for the 1999 European Parliament elections following year by delegates at the SNP's conference.

Writer
Her extensive published works include autobiography Song of Myself (Mainstream, 1992), short stories written under her married name Anne Bree (Polygon, 2000, 2001); Gaelic children's fiction and poetry under her Gaelic name Anna Latharna NicGillìosa (Acair, Brìgh, Stòrlann) and her seminal collection Songs of Gaelic Scotland (Birlinn) now in its 3rd edition. Published in 2005, Songs of Gaelic Scotland won the prestigious academic Ratcliff Prize for "an important contribution by an individual to the study of Folk and Folklore in Great Britain and Ireland".

She has also worked as writer / producer of Gaelic programmes at Scottish television, notably on Speaking our Language – Scottish Television's flagship multimedia adult learning series – and Caraidean, Channel Four's preschool Gaelic learning Series. She also co-wrote Reoiteag air Rothan / The Ice-cream Factory for Channel 5.

Honours and awards
Gillies was elected by the membership of the Association of Speakers’ Clubs of Great Britain as their Speaker of the Year, 2005.

Other awards and honours have included an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Edinburgh; Fellowships from the University of the Highlands and Islands, the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland, and the Association for Scottish Literary Studies; and her appointment in 2009 as Tosgair na Gàidhlig (Gaelic Ambassador) by the Scottish Government.

Her voluntary and charitable work has been recognised by the award of Rotary International's Paul Harris Fellowship.

Anne was inducted into the Scottish Traditional Music Hall of Fame in 2012.

2000 onwards
She left Strathclyde University in 2000, to work freelance again, specifically to address the urgent need for resources (print, electronic etc.) in Gaelic-medium classrooms. She moved to Ayrshire and, along with her husband, Kevin Bree, set up an independent Gaelic multimedia partnership (Brìgh) producing Gaelic books and talking books, television and radio programmes, music CDs, CD-ROMs (educational games and teachers’ packs etc.) She continues to sing, teach and lead master-classes and workshops on Gaelic music on both sides of the Atlantic and appears fairly frequently as a singer / interviewee on BBC Alba and BBC Radio nan Gàidheal.

She is currently writing a historical novel set in 17th century Scotland, Ireland and France.

Family
Anne Lorne Gillies is married to Kevin Bree. She has three children by her previous marriage to Neil Fraser: Robbie, Marsaili and Rachel. Between them Anne and Kevin have 13 (step)grandchildren. Anne's brother is Prof. William Gillies.

References

External links
 Website

Category:Living people
Category:1944 births
Category:Scottish journalists
Category:Scottish female singers
Category:Scottish women writers
Category:Scottish National Party politicians
Category:People from Lorne, Scotland
Category:Scottish scholars and academics
Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Category:Scottish musicians
Category:Scottish educators
Category:Scottish entertainers
Category:Scottish Gaelic language activists


Saint Andrews, Washington

Saint Andrews is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Washington.

History
A post office called Saint Andrews was established in 1890, and remained in operation until 1957. James Saint Andrews, an early postmaster, gave the community his name. It exists as a ghost town, one with dilapidated buildings and artifacts.

References

Category:Unincorporated communities in Douglas County, Washington
Category:Unincorporated communities in Washington (state)


WCIT-FM

WCIT-FM (106.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting Family Life Network's contemporary Christian music format. Licensed to Oneida, New York, United States, the station serves central New York with an emphasis on Madison and Oneida counties. The former WMCR-FM flipped from classic hits to Family Life Network's contemporary Christian music format in March 2016, with a call sign change on April 6, 2016 to WCIT-FM.

References

External links

CIT-FM
Category:Radio stations established in 1972
Category:1972 establishments in New York (state)
Category:Christian radio stations in the United States


Soleymanabad, Mazandaran

Soleymanabad (, also Romanized as Soleymānābād) is a village in Goli Jan Rural District, in the Central District of Tonekabon County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,696, in 466 families.

References

Category:Populated places in Tonekabon County


Atherton–Todd reaction

The Atherton-Todd reaction is a name reaction in organic chemistry, which goes back to the British chemists F. R. Atherton, H. T. Openshaw and A. R. Todd. These described the reaction for the first time in 1945 as a method of converting dialkyl phosphites into dialkyl chlorophosphates. The diacyl chlorophosphates formed are often too reactive to be isolated, though. For this reason, the synthesis of phosphates or phosphoramidates can follow the Atherton-Todd reaction in the presence of alcohols or amines. The following equation gives an overview over the Atherton-Todd reaction using the reactant dimethyl phosphite as an example:

The reaction takes place after the addition of tetrachloromethane and a base. This base is usually a primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Instead of methyl groups other alkyl or benzyl groups may be present.

Reaction mechanism
A possible reaction mechanism for the Atherton-Todd reaction is presented here for the example of dimethylphosphite, just like in the overview reaction:

First, a tertiary amine is used to cleave a methyl group of dimethyl phosphite. The intermediate 1 results from this reaction step.

Subsequently, the intermediate 1 deprotonates the starting compound dimethylphosphite, so that intermediates 2a and intermediates 2b are formed. The intermediate 1 is then regenerated from the intermediate 2a.

Finally, intermediate 2b is chlorinated by tetrachloromethane and dimethyl chlorophosphate 3 is formed.

Possible subsequent reactions
After the synthesis of the dimethyl chlorophosphate, a further reaction (for example with a primary amine like aniline) is possible by the following reaction equation:

Atom economy
In this reaction, in addition to the starting compound dialkyl phosphite, tetrachloromethane and a base (an amine) are used in stoichiometric amounts. Only chloroform, which occurs after two reaction steps from tetrachloromethane, is relevant as a waste product for the assessment of the atomic economy. It should furthermore be kept in mind that the product of the reaction has a greater molar mass than the starting compound. The atom economy of this reaction can therefore be classified as relatively good.

See also
The Atherton-Todd reaction is related to the Appel reaction. In it, tetrachloromethane is used for chlorination as well.

References

Category:Name reactions


Swimming at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle S4

The Men's 100 metre freestyle S4 swimming event at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was competed on 19 September. It was won by Clodoaldo Silva, representing .

1st round

Heat 1
19 Sept. 2004, morning session

Heat 2
19 Sept. 2004, morning session

Final round

19 Sept. 2004, evening session

References

M


Mayrouba

Mayrouba (; also spelled Meyrouba or Mairouba) is a village and municipality in the Keserwan District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate in Lebanon. Its average elevation is  above sea level and its total land area is 823 hectares. Mayrouba's inhabitants are almost predominantly Maronite Catholic. As of 2008, the village had a school with 50 pupils and seven businesses with over five employees.

There are several Stone Age archaeological sites in the vicinity that have defined the location as the type site of the Mayroubian culture.

Archaeology

Mayrouba I
Mayrouba I is  east northeast of Junie by the way to Faraya. It is a large site on top of a plateau to the north of the village situated in sandstone at an altitude of approximately . It was discovered by Paulist Fathers from Harissa. Collections were made from the site by P.R. Gigues and various Jesuits including Maurice Tallon, Auguste Bergy, Francis Hours and Henri Fleisch. Fleisch admitted that it was not the best choice for a type site due to the possibility of mixed industries however he published it as a transitional site with successive occupations between peoples of the Middle Paleolithic and Upper Paleolithic.

Finds of predominantly blue-grey Upper Jurassic flints included an emphasized Upper Paleolithic element with finds of two Emireh points by Lorraine Copeland and R. Khawam in 1965. Artefacts included numerous burins, end scrapers, thick blades, steep scrapers, bladelet cores, tortoise cores, discoid cores, point cores and miniature flake cores. Collections from the site have been dispersed but a large number have been retained by Saint Joseph University.

Mayrouba II
Mayrouba II is  north of Mayrouba found by Francis Hours and determined as a Mayroubian site in a wooded, uncultivated area on sandstone at an altitude of approximately .

Mayrouba III
Mayrouba III (Ain-bou-Grasse) is on the other side of the crest of a hill from Mayrouba I in a wooded area at an altitude of approximately . It was found by Francis Hours in 1964 and determined as a Mayroubian site and lies undisturbed amongst pines.

Mayrouba IV

Mayrouba IV is on a small plateau north of the road between Jebel Mazloum and Mayrouba, east of a track leading to Ain-bou-Grasse,  west of Mayrouba I. It was found by Francis Hours in 1964 and determined as a Mayroubian site. A collection was made by Hours, Jacques Tixier and Lorraine Copeland in 1965 of mostly cores and burins but including an Emireh point. It lies undisturbed amongst screes.

Mayrouba V
Mayrouba V (Ain Berdet) is about  northwest of Mayrouba at an altitude of approximately  on the slopes of a wooded hill. It was found by Francis Hours in 1964, determined as a Mayroubian site and lies undisturbed.

Mayrouba VI
Mayrouba VI ("Site Tixier") is  south of Mayrouba I in a wood sloping towards the road to Mayrouba. It was found undisturbed in 1965 by Francis Hours, Jacques Tixier and Lorraine Copeland. The tools found indicated it to be a Mayroubian site and included an Emireh point, they are held by the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory.

References

External links
 Localiban Entry for Mayrouba

Category:Archaeological sites in Lebanon
Category:Maronite Christian communities in Lebanon
Category:Mayroubian sites
Category:Populated places in Keserwan District


Anker (unit)

An Anker (usually anglicized as Anchor) was a Dutch unit of capacity for wine or brandy equal to 10 US gallons that was used as a standard liquid measurement. It was most commonly used in Colonial times in New York and New Jersey, thanks to the earlier Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam (later New York City).

Many European countries had a different measurement of this unit that varied from 9 to 11 US gallons [equivalent to 7.5 to 9.25 Imperial gallons or 34 to 42 Liters].

Conversion

1 Anker ≡ 10 US gallons [8.33 Imperial gallons or 37.8541 Liters]

1 Anker ≡ 0.03785411784 m3

References

Category:Units of volume
Category:Customary units of measurement
Category:Wine terminology


2017 Spring European League of Legends Championship Series

The 2017 Spring European League of Legends Championship Series split (2017 Spring EU LCS) is the fifth season and ninth split of the European League of Legends Championship Series, (EU LCS) the highest level of professional League of Legends play in Europe. It was won by G2 Esports, with a roster of Expect, Trick, PerkZ, Zven, and Mithy and was their third EU LCS Champions title. Most games were being played at Studio K/L in Adlershof, Berlin, Germany. The finals were held at the Barclaycard Arena in Hamburg, Germany.

Format
 Two groups of five teams each:
 The top two teams are placed in separate groups according to the 2016 EU LCS Season Championship Points.
 The remaining 8 teams are distributed to the groups via snake draft.
 Each team plays 13 matches:
 A Double Round Robin within their own group.
 A Single Round Robin against the other group.
 Each match is a best of 3.
 The top 3 from each group qualifies to the playoffs.
 The two group winners receive playoff byes into the semifinals.
 The two fifth-place teams play in the 2017 EU LCS Summer Promotion tournament.
 Official 2017 Season EU LCS Rulebook

Final regular season standings

Group A

Group B

Playoffs

Playoff standings

Bracket

Summer Promotion Tournament
In the 2017 EU LCS Summer Promotion Tournament, four teams competed in a double elimination bracket. The two winners of qualifying round matches advanced to the Summer Season. Teams eliminated from the bracket qualify for the EUCS Summer Season.

Format
 Four teams participate
 Double elimination bracket
 All matches are best of five
 5th placed teams from 2017 EU LCS Spring Season
 Winners from EUCS Spring Playoffs
 The team that won the head-to-head during the 2017 EU LCS Spring Season will select their opponent from the two Challenger Series teams
 Patch: v7.6
 Teams that don't qualify for the LCS are seeded back into the 2017 EU EUCS Summer Season
 Official 2017 Season EU LCS Rulebook

Qualifying Teams

Results

References

Category:2017 in Berlin
Category:2017 in German sport
Category:2017 in Polish sport
Category:2017 multiplayer online battle arena tournaments
Category:European League of Legends Championship Series seasons


Isa Pang Araw

"Isa Pang Araw" is a song by Filipino singer-actress Sarah Geronimo, composed by Miguel Mendoza. It was used as theme song of Geronimo's film Miss Granny released in 2018 under Viva Films. It was nominated for "Best Original Song" at the 67th FAMAS Awards. The song was included on Spotify Philippines' Top OPM Songs of 2018. At the 32nd edition of Awit Awards, the song won Best Performance by a Female Recording Artist and Best Song Written and Performed for a Movie/TV/Stage Play.

Live performances
Sarah Geronimo performed the song on various promotional mall tours for Miss Granny. The song made its Television debut when Geronimo performed the song on ASAP Natin 'To stage with Regine Velasquez on November 18, 2018. The song was included on Geronimo's repertoire for her This 15 Me World Tour on selected shows.

Music video
The music video of the song was directed by Carlo Alvarez and was released on August 11, 2018.

Cover versions
 April Luz Tolentino sung the song on It's Showtimes Tawag ng Tanghalan in January 2018.
 Another Tawag ng Tanghalan contender named Juliana Ruzelle performed the song in January 2018.
 Idol Philippines contestant Zephanie Dimaranan performed the song on the show for its "Philippines’ Most Streamed Hits" week.
 Singer Sam Mangubat also has his own rendition of the song published on his YouTube channel.
The Voice Kids Philippines Season 3 contestant Francis Indonto sung the song on the show's blind audition and became part of Bamboo's team.
Pinoy Dream Academy alumna Miguel Mendoza, the composer of the song uploaded his own version of the song on his YouTube channel.

Awards and nominations

References

Category:2018 songs
Category:Sarah Geronimo songs


National Policy

The National Policy was a Canadian economic program introduced by John A. Macdonald's Conservative Party in 1876 and put into action in 1879. It called for high tariffs on imported manufactured items to protect the manufacturing industry, the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and the fostering of immigration to Western Canada. Macdonald campaigned on the policy in the 1878 election, and defeated the Liberal Party, which supported free trade. It lasted from 1879 until sometime in the early 1950s.

Usage
The term National Policy originally referred to a proposed raise in tariffs by the Macdonald-led Conservatives ("Tories") during the 1878 election campaign.  Over time, the term became associated with the entire Tory platform for developing the economy, especially increased immigration to Western Canada and the development of the Canadian Pacific Railway's transcontinental line.

Manufacturers
Macdonald hoped that by creating a strong manufacturing base in Canada, the nation would become more secure and less reliant on the United States. He was also closely linked to the Montreal and Toronto business interests that would benefit from such a policy, and they played an important role in keeping the Tories in office until 1896.

Despite a brief experiment with free trade in the Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty before Confederation, the Americans were intent on pursuing a strongly protectionist policy, with tariffs higher than Canada imposed under the National Policy.

With such high American tariffs, Canadian firms could not compete in the United States, but American firms could enter Canada. Canadian producers were particularly hurt by American producers dumping surplus goods in Canada to avoid lowering prices in the United States. Tariffs were put on goods coming into Canada, which made American goods more expensive.

The policy was introduced in the budget of March 14, 1879, and it created high tariffs on the import of most manufactured goods. At the same time, the tariffs on raw materials were lowered also to help manufacturers. The tariff was not as high as that in the United States, however.  The Canadian government was dependent upon revenue from customs; an income tax had not yet been introduced, largely because it was feared  that it would reduce immigration when Canada was already having difficulty attracting immigrants. Too high a tariff would have cut off almost all imports, thus depriving the government of revenue.

The policy quickly became one of the most central aspects of Canadian politics, and it played an important role in keeping the Tories in power until 1896, when Wilfrid Laurier and the Liberals campaigned on a promise to keep the National Policy in place. While many Liberals still supported free trade, the National Policy was too popular in Ontario and Quebec for it to end. When the Liberals campaigned on free trade in the 1911 election, they lost the election.

Unpopularity in the west
Although the policy was popular in central Canada, it was extremely unpopular in western Canada.   This opposition to the National Policy played an important role in the rise of the Progressive Party of Canada in the 1920s.  Its platform was entitled the "New National Policy", and it advocated free trade.

Dismantled by Liberals
The National Policy was slowly dismantled under the many years of Liberal rule under William Lyon Mackenzie King and Louis St. Laurent.  At the same time, the United States was lowering its tariffs.  Economic integration surged during World War II, and in 1965 the automobile industry in the two nations became fully integrated.  However, complete free trade was not achieved until 1988 with the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement brought in by Brian Mulroney's Progressive Conservative government.

Assessment
The assessment of the National Policy is mixed. In general, economists argue that it increased prices and lowered Canada's efficiency and ability to compete in the world. By not becoming merged into the larger, more efficient American economy, Canada built too many monopolistic firms and too many small inefficient factories with high prices for consumers. The overall impact was not large because the policy applied only to the manufacturing sector, which played a relatively small role, compared to agriculture, fishing, transportation, mining, lumbering and services, which were not affected by the National Policy. Historians tend to see the policy in a more positive light by viewing it as a necessary expense to create a unified nation independent of the United States.

In the years right after the policy was introduced, Canada experienced the same type of economic boom that many other nations experienced, as well as the construction of a manufacturing base and the development of the nation, which is generally what the Tories and economic nationalists use to justify the policy. However, Canada also suffered a net population outflow, as more people emigrated from Canada (usually to the United States) than arrived as immigrants.

Eden and Molot (1993) argue that there have been three national policies in Canada: the "National Policy" of defensive expansionism, 1867–1940; compensatory liberalism, 1941–81; and market liberalism, starting in 1982. The defensive expansion phase relied on the tariff, railway construction, and land settlement to build the country. The second national policy combined a commitment to the GATT system, Keynesian macroeconomic policies, and the construction of a domestic social welfare net. Current national policy relies on Canada-US free trade and NAFTA free trade, market-based policies, and fiscal restraint. They argue for a fourth policy called "strategic integration." It would consist of free trade, both external and internal; the building of a national telecommunications infrastructure based on the development and diffusion of information technologies; and human capital development.

See also
American System (economic plan), a similar policy used in the United States
Economic nationalism
Graham Fraser (industrialist)
Protectionism
Tariffs

References

 Barber, Clarence L.  "Canadian Tariff Policy" in Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, Vol. 21, No. 4 (Nov., 1955), pp. 513–530 explains the concept of the effective rate of protection in JSTOR
 Eden, Lorraine and Molot, Maureen Appel. "Canada's National Policies: Reflections on 125 Years" Canadian Public Policy 1993 19(3): 232-251.
 Fowke, Vernon C.  The National Policy and the Wheat Economy (Toronto, 1957)
 Fowke, V. C.  "The National Policy-Old and New" Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, Vol. 18, No. 3 (Aug., 1952), pp. 271–286 in JSTOR
 Fowke, Vernon C.  "National Policy and Western Development in North America" Journal of Economic History, Vol. 16, No. 4 (Dec., 1956), pp. 461–479 in JSTOR

External links
The National Policy and Canadian Federalism
 George Hoberg, "Canada and North American Integration"

Category:Economic history of Canada
Category:Economic nationalism


Bulbophyllum tortum

Bulbophyllum tortum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

References
The Bulbophyllum-Checklist
The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia

tortum


Joshua Cohen (philosopher)

Joshua Cohen (; born 1951) is an American philosopher specializing in political philosophy.  He has taught at Stanford University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology and is currently a member of the faculty at Apple University and the University of California, Berkeley.

Education and career

Cohen earned B.A. and M.A. degrees in philosophy from Yale University in 1973, and earned his Ph.D. at Harvard University under the direction of John Rawls in 1979.  He taught at MIT from 1979 until 2007, when he moved to Stanford University.  At Stanford, he was Marta Sutton Weeks Professor of Ethics in Society (2008–2014) and professor of political science, philosophy, and law (2006–2014) At Stanford, Cohen was also one of the program leaders (along with Larry Diamond and Terry Winograd) for the Program on Liberation Technologies at Stanford's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies.  Cohen became part of the faculty of Apple University in 2011, joining full-time on October 15, 2014 and resigning from Stanford.  He also spends one day a week running a law and philosophy workshop series at the University of California, Berkeley.

He has published articles and books in political philosophy, including deliberative democracy, and global justice, as well as such topics as freedom of expression, electoral finance, and new models of democratic governance. His 2012 Comte Lectures at the London School of Economics discussed the issues he teaches about: mobile for development and human-centered design.

Since 1991, Cohen has served as editor of Boston Review, with Deb Chasman joining as coeditor in 2002.

Books

  with Paul Q. Hirst, Claus Offe, Jane Mansbridge, Andrew Szasz, Andrew Levine, Philippe C. Schmitte, Wolfgang Streeck, Ira Katznelson, Ellen M. Immergut, Iris Marion Young, and Heinz Klug.

  Originally an essay (pdf).

See also
 American philosophy
 List of American philosophers

References

External links

Video debates featuring Cohen on Bloggingheads.tv
 2011 Dewey Lecture at University of Chicago
 Joshua Cohen Playlist Appearance on WMBR's Dinnertime Sampler radio show April 2, 2003
Joshua Cohen's 2012 Comte Lectures On mobile-for-development and human-centered design.

Category:1951 births
Category:Living people
Category:20th-century American philosophers
Category:American political philosophers
Category:Harvard University alumni
Category:Stanford University Department of Philosophy faculty
Category:Yale University alumni


Liechtenstein Museum

The Liechtenstein Museum is a private art museum in Vienna, Austria. It contains much of the art collection of its owners, the Princely Family of Liechtenstein, rulers of the principality of Liechtenstein. It includes important European works of art, forming one of the world's leading private art collections. Its highlight used to be Leonardo da Vinci's portrait of Ginevra de' Benci, which was acquired in 1967 by the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.

The museum, which was originally open to the public from the early 19th century until the Anschluss of 1938, had various locations, including the Liechtenstein Garden Palace (Gartenpalais) at Fürstengasse 1 in Vienna's 9th District (Alsergrund), and the Liechtenstein City Palace (Stadtpalais) at Bankgasse 9 in Vienna's 1st District (Innere Stadt). The museum was reopened on 29 March 2004 in the Garden Palace, but after battling with low visitor numbers, it was closed for regular visiting by the public in November 2011. According to the official website of the Garden Palace, "the highlights of the princely collections can be viewed exclusively as part of an event package or a pre-booked guided tour".

Objects from the collection have been sent on touring exhibitions to museums in other countries, especially the United States.  In particular, displays are regularly mounted at the Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein in Vaduz, which is otherwise a gallery for a modern art collection donated to the principality of Liechtenstein by the ruling family. Other works from the collection fill the palaces and residences of the Princely Family in Liechtenstein and Austria.

A catalogue of the artists (with short biographies) featured in the gallery at the time of Prince Joseph Wenzel was compiled by Vicenzo Fanti in 1767.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=nK4DAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA13&dq=Pittore&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Hvy7UNA2hbfLAfXfgEg&ved=0CC0Q6AEwADgo#v=onepage&q=Pittore&f=false|Compendio delle vite de Pittori, Scultori, e d'altri Artefici le di cui famose opere formano la prescrita celebre galleria di sua altezza Giuseppe Wenceslao Principe Regnate della Casa di Lichtenstein]</ref>

 Liechtenstein Garden Palace

The Gartenpalais was built by Prince Johann Adam Andreas von Liechtenstein, who commissioned its design and construction from Domenico Egidio Rossi; the shell was finished in 1700. Painted décor in the Gartenpalais'' was contributed by Marcantonio Franceschini, Antonio Bellucci, Andrea Pozzo and Johann Michael Rottmayr. Sculpture came from Giovanni Giuliani and his studio, and stucco from the stuccator Santino Bussi.

Artworks (selection)

Notes

External links

Liechtenstein Garden Palace webpage
Firearms from the collections of the Prince of Liechtenstein, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material from the Liechtenstein Museum
Peter Paul Rubens: the Decius Mus cycle, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which focuses on this work from the Liechtenstein Museum

Category:Buildings and structures in Alsergrund
Category:Art museums and galleries in Vienna
Category:Private collections in Liechtenstein
Category:House of Liechtenstein
Category:Austria–Switzerland relations
Category:Historic house museums in Austria
Category:Gardens in Austria
Category:Liechtenstein art
Category:Art museums established in 2004
Category:2004 establishments in Austria

ru:Дворец Лихтенштейн


Valmet tractor

Valmet (originally Valtion Metallitehtaat - State Metalworks) was formed in 1951, when the country of Finland decided to group their various factories working on war reparations to the Soviet Union under one company, Valmet. The factories within the group produce a wide array of products including aeroplanes, road vehicles, locomotives, weapons manufacturing and everyday household appliances. Numerous parts of the company have since been sold or merged with other companies specializing in their own fields of trade and manufacture. Valmet itself was a brand of Metso Corporation, but was spun off to a separate company in December 2013. Tractors have been produced by Valmet, both in Brazil and Finland. The brand name now in use is Valtra. The tractor business, though still located in Finland, is owned by AGCO.

All Valmet Tractor Models

Picture gallery

Brazilian Valmet tractors

Valmet logos

References

External links
Valmet tractor details
Valmet-talli (finnish)

Category:Valmet
Category:Tractor manufacturers of Finland
Category:Tractor manufacturers of Brazil


Symphony No. 39 (Haydn)

Symphony No. 39 ("Tempesta di mare") is a symphony in G minor (Hoboken 1/39) by Franz Joseph Haydn in 1765, at the age of 33 under the beneficence of Prince Nikolaus Esterházy. It is the earliest of Haydn's minor key symphonies associated with his Sturm und Drang period works (such as the Symphony No. 45). The work  was influential and inspired later G minor symphonies by Johann Christian Bach (Op. 6, No. 6) and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (No. 25).

Movements
It is written for an orchestra consisting of two oboes, four horns (two in B alto and two in G), and strings (violins divided into two, violas, cellos and double basses). There are four movements:

Allegro assai,
Andante,  in E major
Menuet & Trio,
Finale: Allegro di molto,

The opening movement features a nervously exciting main theme interrupted by frequent pauses.  Felix Diergarten has specifically analysed the pauses in the first movement in the symphony, with respect to symphonic form of the time.  Both the first and second theme groups begin with the same two bars of melodic material.

In contrast to the Sturm und Drang of the opening movement, A. P. Brown describes the Andante as "one of Haydn's most galant slow movements, with its small meter signature, sixteenth tripets, slides, weak resolutions, echoes, and generally thin texture".

The minor mode returns for the Menuet which is contrasted by a bright major-mode Trio which features high notes for the first horn.

The frenetic Sturm und Drang finale brings the symphony to an energetic conclusion.

References

References
Robbins Landon, H. C. (1963) Joseph Haydn:  Critical Edition of the Complete Symphonies, Universal Edition, Vienna

Symphony 039
Category:Compositions in G minor


Ballade No. 1 (Liszt)

Ballade No. 1 in D-flat major, S.170, is a solo piano piece by the Hungarian composer Franz Liszt, composed between 1845 and 1848. In the original edition it contained the title "Le Chant Du Croisé" or "The Chant of the Crusader". A typical performance of the piece lasts about 7 to 8 minutes.

Form and Structure

The piece contains two themes with a short introductory passage. The main theme is reiterated 7 times with different technical obstructions each time; the march-like second theme (marked Tempo di Marcia) is placed after the fifth iteration. It repeats itself only twice before returning into the main theme, though it returns with a modest coda at the close of the piece.

Notes

External links

Category:Compositions by Franz Liszt
Category:Piano ballades


Michael Gaismair

Michael Gaismair, (1490, Sterzing, County of Tyrol – 15 April 1532, Padua, Republic of Venice) was  a leader of the German Peasants' War (1524-1525) in Tyrol and the Salzburg region.

Life

Michael Gaismair was the son of a mining entrepreneur, who became secretary of the powerful bishop of Brixen. In 1525 he came in contact with the ideas of the Anabaptists Felix Manz and Jörg Blaurock, who worked in the Eisacktal and Graubünden and soon afterwards, in May, he received news of the German Peasants' War in Germany, and the activities in Saxony of the radical preacher Thomas Müntzer, who shared some ideas with the Anabaptists.

Shortly hereafter Tyrol which was under Habsburg rule became a powder keg of popular uprisings, especially in the Eisacktal and Puster Valley. These peasant revolts were captained by a certain Peter Passler and Gaismair: Brixen and Neustift  were occupied and looted. The rebels, reinforced by local miners and survivors of the Battle of Frankenhausen, resisted the Habsburg army counterattacks.

Gaismair dreamed of founding a democratic republic in the area, he envisaged the abolition of the Catholic Church and its rituals, replaced by a faith based on a direct contact with God, through the personal interpretation of Scripture. He also envisioned a utopian elimination of titles of nobility, the nationalization of land and mines, the establishment of schools, hospitals, old people’s homes etc.

To overcome the differences the leaders of the revolt were invited to the regional diet of Innsbruck (June 1525) by Crown Prince Ferdinand of Habsburg (b. 1503, Emperor 1558–1564). Gaismair also went there, but in August he was jailed for treason. After two months, he managed to escape, travelling to Graubünden, Switzerland.

Gaismair established contact with the Swiss reformer Ulrich Zwingli, with the plan of a new democratic order in Tyrol and Salzburg by the example of Grisons and Venice. Among other things, by the disappointing experience of the parliamentary debates Gaismair evolved from reformer (Summer 1525) to revolutionary social rebel (1526). In his draft of a new order of Tyrol in May 1526 Gaismair designed an egalitarian, democratic, Christian state.

Gaismair again gained followers, and in the spring of 1526 assisted the revolt of the peasants in Salzburg. Despite the victories on the field, Gaismair and his army were forced to retreat through the territory of the Republic of Venice, then at war with the Habsburgs. The Bauernführer (head of the farmers), as Gaismair was called, then turned to the Doge Andrea Gritti (1523–1538) to convince him to support a military revolt in Tyrol, but he failed in his intent.

He died in 1532 in Padua, in Prato della Valle (where there is a plaque in his memory) murdered at the hands of two soldiers who wanted to collect the bounty placed on his head by Ferdinand I. The movement of Gaismair was then done, but not the religious turmoil of Tyrol, which in the same years saw the development of Anabaptist preaching by Jakob Hutter.

Historiography

Because of his struggle against Church and Monarchy, Gaismair was ignored by historians of his time. In the twentieth century, his figure got more purchasing reputation, coming in first  by the Communist (Community dell'afflato by inspiring his statutes, and that was pointed out by none other than Friedrich Engels), and by the Nazis (which emphasized his fight against the Earl of Salamanca, a Jewish adviser to Ferdinand).

It is only since the second half of the twentieth century that scholars have tried to evaluate the story of Michael Gaismair from a nonideological perspective, especially promoted by the Michael Gaismair Gesellschaft (Society Michael Gaismair), founded in 1976.

Plays inspired by the figure of Michael Gaismair

In 1899 Franz Kranewitter, a Tyrolean author of patriotic dramas, wrote a play dedicated to the figure of the rebel, named Michel Gaissmayr. In the summer of 2001, at the theatre festival Tiroler Volksschauspiele, a drama was staged dedicated to the rise and fall of Gaismair by the Austrian author Felix Mitterer.

See also

Christian communism
Radical Reformation
Protestant reformers

Notes

 Jürgen Bücking, Michael Gaismair, reformers, social rebel, revolutionary. His role in the Tyrolean "Peasants' War"  (1525/32). Stuttgart 1978.
 Josef Macek, The Tyrolean peasant war and Michael Gaismair Berlin 1965.
 Hans Benedikter, Rebell im Land Tirol. Wien 1970.
 Fridolin Dörrer (Hg.), Die Bauernkriege und Michael Gaismair. Protokoll des internationalen Symposions vom 15. – 19. November 1976 in Innsbruck-Vill, Innsbruck 1982.
 Walter Klaassen, Michael Gaismair: Revolutionary and Reformer. Leiden 1978.
 Karl Springenschmid, Die Gaismair Saga - Lebensbild eines Revolutionärs. Graz 1980
 Angelika Bischoff-Urack, Michael Gaismair. Ein Beitrag zur Sozialgeschichte des Bauernkrieges. Innsbruck 1983.
 Werner Legère, The dreaded Gaismair. Berlin 1981
 Ralf Höller, Eine Leiche in Habsburgs Keller - Der Rebell Michael Gaismair und sein Kampf für eine gerechtere Welt. Otto-Müller-Verlag, Salzburg-Wien 2011.

References

External links

 Michael Gaismairs Tiroler Landesordnung Februar / März 1526
 Michael-Gaismair-Gesellschaft
 Geschichte-Tirol: Michael Gaismair und der Bauernkrieg

Category:1490s births
Category:1532 deaths
Category:Protestant Reformers
Category:Christian radicals


Kami-Ashibetsu Station

is a railway station on the Nemuro Main Line of JR Hokkaido located in Ashibetsu, Hokkaidō, Japan. The station opened on January 16, 1920.

Category:Railway stations in Hokkaido Prefecture
Category:Stations of Hokkaido Railway Company
Category:Railway stations opened in 1920


Floral Jamming

Floral Jamming is a floral design activity originating from Hong Kong, where participants design their own original sculpture with floral materials.  The floral designer provides all materials required for the floral display including flowers and foliage. Participants select the materials to create their own floral creation within a set time.

Floral Jamming

The mission of Floral Jamming is to promote floral art to the general public. Participants of Floral Jamming are usually beginners who have little to no experience in floral arrangement or floral design. A key feature of Floral Jamming is that the sessions must be conducted by a floral designer with professional certification.

Through Floral Jamming, these participants can assemble a final floral product under professional guidance without having taken any classes. During a Floral Jamming session, the floral designer only provides guidance upon participants’ request. Based on the individual participants’ design, the floral designer could make suggestions on how to refine the arrangement.

Floral Jamming is also educational.  It can introduce concepts of nature and design to young participants. It is an activity that can enhance family bonding and interpersonal skills.

Many Floral Jammers have commented that the process of focusing on producing their own individual creation has helped them to distress.

Origin

The first Floral Jamming was held at Tallensia Floral Art, Hong Kong on 1 July 2011.

Founder
Floral Jamming was founded by Lowdi Kwan, a floral designer with certification from the American Institute of Floral Designers in 1996.

Benefits of Floral Jamming

Psychological research has shown that the art of floral arrangement can help relieve mood swings, improve cognitive and perceptive functions and enhance social skills.

Bearing this in mind Kwan thought of the concept of Floral Jamming.

Sessions
Prior to the session, materials including the necessary tools and accessories would be displayed. To start off a session a floral designer will give a brief introduction on the materials and on how to start a floral arrangement by introducing the fundamental principles of floral arrangement. The participants will then select flowers and other floral materials to construct their own floral arrangement.  The floral designer will provide assistance and technical support throughout the session. It is important to note that the floral designer will only provide guidance/ suggestion upon request as a support and not to change the participants’ individual design.

Floral Jamming has been organized for functions such as birthday parties, bridal showers, school fairs, corporate team building and charity events.

References

Category:Floristry


Jens Pauli Skaalum

Jens Pauli Skaalum (December 18, 1893 – August 1, 1978) was a Faroese teacher and a politician for the Union Party.

Skaalum was born in Hvalba, the son of the teacher and politician Óli Niklái Skaalum and Elsebeth Helena Niclasen. He graduated from the Jonstrup Normal School () in Copenhagen as a primary school teacher in 1914, and then taught in Porkeri from 1914 to 1920 and in Hvalba from 1920 to 1960. He was married to Astrid Larsen from Porkeri.

Skaalum was a deputy representative to the Faroese Parliament from Suðuroy, and he stood in for Oliver Effersøe, who took a leave of absence due to health reasons from 1931 to 1932. Skaalum was a member of the Hvalba municipal council from 1939 to 1950 and served as mayor from 1939 to 1948. He was a member of the supervisory committee of the bank Føroya Sparikassi from 1957 to 1976.

References

Category:Members of the Løgting
Category:Faroese politicians
Category:1893 births
Category:1978 deaths


Urahoro Station

is a train station in Urahoro, Tokachi District, Hokkaidō, Japan.

Lines
Hokkaido Railway Company
Nemuro Main Line Station K40

Adjacent stations

Category:Railway stations in Hokkaido Prefecture
Category:Railway stations opened in 1903


Pseudectatomma

Pseudectatomma is an extinct genus of ants in the formicid subfamily Ectatomminae described by from fossils found in Europe.  The genus contains two species dating from the Eocene, Pseudectatomma eocenica and Pseudectatomma striatula.

History and classification
When described, Pseudectatomma was known from four fossil insects which are compression-impression fossils preserved in layers of soft sedimentary rock.  Along with other well preserved insect fossils, the Pseudectatomma specimens were collected from layers of the Lutetian Messel pit World Heritage Site.  The formation is composed of brown coals, oil shales, and bituminous shale, which preserved numerous insects, fish, birds, reptiles, and terrestrial mammals as a notable lagerstätten.  The area is a preserved maar lake which initially formed approximately 47 million years ago as the result of volcanic explosions.

At the time of description, the holotype and paratype specimens were preserved in the Senckenberg Research Station Messel fossil collections.  The fossils were described by Gennady Dlussky and Sonja Wedmann in a 2012 paper on the poneromorph ants of Messel, with the genus and both species named in it.  The genus name is a combination of the ant genus Ectatomma and the Greek word pseudo, meaning false.  The specific epithet "eocenica" is derived from the Eocene age of the fossil, while the name "striatula" is based on the Latin striatulus, meaning "marked by parallel lines".

Description
In both species the pronotum has an upper front surface that is rounded and not angular, lacking a tooth.  The petiole is node shaped, separating it from the extinct genus Electroponera that has a much more angular petiole.  The rear side of the metatibiae do not have a median tooth, as seen in modern Ectatomminae genera.  The gaster is different from the modern Gnamptogenys and Rhytidoponera in that the trapezoid shaped second segment is not notably rounded as in the modern genera.

Pseudectatomma eocenica

The type fossil for P. eocenica is a female gyne that was preserved as a lateral imprint in the matrix.  Overall the body length as preserved is  with fore-wings that are  long.  The eyes, funicular segment, tibial spurs and pretarsal claws are all missing or not preserved in the only known fossil.  The head capsule is longer than wide, and The scape is 1.5 times as long as the head capsule, extending beyond the occipital margin. Over half of the head length is composed of the mandibles, which are triangular in outline, with no tooth dentition preserved.

Pseudectatomma striatula
P. striatula known from both lateral and dorsal imprints of reproductive females.  The dorsal imprint is not fully preserved but the length is estimated between .  Unlike P. eocenica the head capsule is nearly the same length as it is wide.  The eyes are preserved and show the compound eyes placed just to the rear of the heads midpoint and there are three ocelli placed into a triangle.  The scape is about as long as the head and protrudes beyond the posterior margin.  The mandibles are just over half the heads length, with at least five teeth on each.  There are notable distinct parallel longitudinal lines on the head.

References

External links

†
Category:Fossil taxa described in 2012
Category:Insects of Europe
Category:Fossil ant taxa
Category:Fossil taxa of Europe
Category:Ant genera
Category:Eocene insects


Hühnerwasser

Hühnerwasser is a river of Brandenburg, Germany. It flows into the Spremberg Reservoir, which is drained by the Spree.

See also
List of rivers of Brandenburg

Category:Rivers of Brandenburg
Category:Rivers of Germany


Brian J. Smith

Brian Jacob Smith (born October 12, 1981) is an American actor, known for his role as Will Gorski in the Netflix-produced series Sense8, Lieutenant Matthew Scott in the military science fiction television series Stargate Universe, and his Tony Award-nominated role as Jim O'Connor (The Gentleman Caller) in the 2013 revival of The Glass Menagerie.

Early life and education
Smith is a native of Allen, Texas. He studied at the Quad C Theatre program at Collin County Community College in Plano, Texas. After he was an apprentice for one year at Stephens College in Columbia, Missouri, Smith moved to New York City to attend the Juilliard School Drama Division's four-year acting program (Group 36: 2003–2007), where one of his classmates was Nicole Beharie. Smith graduated from Juilliard with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree.

Career
While enrolled at Collin College, Smith worked as theatre technician. He was later cast as Alex in A Clockwork Orange in a Quad C Theatre production to a positive review from the Dallas Observer. In 2005, he portrayed Trey, a gay man facing intolerance from the son of a fundamentalist preacher, in Hate Crime, an independent film that featured at gay and lesbian film festivals around the United States.

Upon graduating from Juilliard, Smith briefly considered joining the US Army due to several setbacks in his career.

Smith eventually received acting roles in two more independent films, Red Hook and The War Boys. In 2008, he appeared on Broadway in the play Come Back, Little Sheba as the character Turk. Smith was cast as Lieutenant Matthew Scott, a lead role in the 2009 Stargate television series, Stargate Universe, until its cancellation in 2010. He also guest-starred on Law & Order in 2009.

In 2011, Smith recurred on The CW's Gossip Girl and starred in the SyFy original film Red Faction: Origins. In April 2012, he began his run as Andrei in the hit Broadway show, The Columnist, which ended in July 2012. His next projects included the mini-series Coma from producer Tony Scott and an appearance on Warehouse 13 for SyFy.

From September 2013 to February 2014, he played The Gentleman Caller in a Broadway production of Tennessee Williams's The Glass Menagerie at the Booth Theatre. This role earned him 2014 Drama Desk and Tony Award nominations as Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play. In 2015, he appeared in the pilot episode of Quantico as one of the new FBI recruits.

Smith was a lead cast member on the Netflix original series Sense8 (2015-2018) playing the character Will Gorski. He followed up with main roles on Treadstone, a serial spin-off of the Bourne films, and the BBC World War II drama mini series World on Fire in 2019.

Personal life
On November 7, 2019, Smith came out as gay in an interview with Attitude.

Filmography

Theatre

Awards and nominations

References

External links

 GateWorld: Brian J. Smith cast in Stargate Universe
 "Boldly Going From Collin County Community College to SciFi's New Stargate Series" Unfair Park, the Dallas Observer blog

Category:1981 births
Category:21st-century American male actors
Category:American male film actors
Category:American male stage actors
Category:American male television actors
Category:Gay actors
Category:Juilliard School alumni
Category:LGBT entertainers from the United States
Category:LGBT people from Texas
Category:Living people
Category:Male actors from Dallas
Category:People from Allen, Texas


Kings Bromley

Kings Bromley is a village and civil parish in Staffordshire, England on the junction of the A515 and the A513 roads. The village lies in Lichfield District, and the council ward of Kings Bromley had a population of 1,651 at the time of the 2001 census.  (although this area covers a few other small settlements in addition to the parish of Kings Bromley itself, including the villages of Hamstall Ridware and Elmhurst). The parish was in Offlow Hundred.

The population as of the 2011 census was measured at 1,163. The Norman village church, which dates back to at least 1170, is named All Saints.
The manor was anciently called Brom Legge, and derived its present name from the circumstances of its being the property of the Crown for nearly two centuries after the Norman conquest, previous to which it had been distinguished as the residence of the Earls of Mercia. Leofric, the husband of the famous Lady Godiva, died here in 1057. Henry III granted the manor to the Corbetts, who sold it, in 1569, to Francis Agard, of Ireland. About 1670 it was sold by Charles Agard to John Newton, of the island of Barbados, and in 1794 it was bequeathed by Sarah Newton to her cousins, John & Thomas Lane. South of Kings Bromley at Bromley Hayes is a marina on the Trent and Mersey Canal.

Spelling
The name of the village and parish seems to be spelled with or without the apostrophe fairly indiscriminately. Both King's Bromley and Kings Bromley are seen in official documents - the village's own website favours Kings Bromley.

Sport
Kings Bromley has a long-standing Football Club "Kings Bromley Swifts" which has images dating back as far as 1903. In recent years "The Swifts" have played their football in the Burton Sunday League Division 1 but were promoted to the Premier Division in 2011/2012. Home games are played at Crawley Lane opposite Kings Bromley Cricket Club on the show field.

Crime
In recent history, Kings Bromley has had a total of three raids in a single year. One of which was on national newspapers, this has led to police investigations in the matter. Despite all of this, the crime still continues, with the most recent raid on 26 March 2018.

See also
Listed buildings in Kings Bromley

References

External links

 Official Parish Website
 GENUKI: Kings Bromley

Category:Villages in Staffordshire
Category:Civil parishes in Staffordshire


Woldia S.C.

Woldia Sport Club (Amharic: ወልዲያ ስፖርት ክለብ ) is an Ethiopian football club based in Weldiya, Ethiopia. They are a member of the Ethiopian Football Federation and play in the Ethiopian Higher League, the second division of Ethiopian football. Their home stadium is Woldiya Stadium.

History
Woldia SC was promoted to the Ethiopian Premier League after the 2015–16 season. It played its first season in the Premier League during the 2016–17 season finishing a respectable 7th place. The club started playing their matches in the newly opened Woldiya Stadium in January 2017.

In May 2018 the club named Zelalem Shiferaw as their new manager after their former manager Zemariam Woldegiorgis was suspended by the Ethiopian Football Federation Discipline Committee.

Woldia was relegated from the Ethiopian Premier League after finishing last in the standings after the 2017–18 season.

Grounds

Woldia SC play their home matches at Woldiya Stadium, also generally known as Sheikh Mohammed Hussein Ali al-Amoudi Stadium, in Weldiya, Ethiopia. The stadium has a capacity of 25,155 people and includes a ground tennis court, a basketball court, an Olympic size swimming pool, a volleyball field, a handball field and a guest house.

In April 2018 spectators at Woldia Stadium swarmed onto a football pitch during a match against Fasil Kenema F.C., attacking and injuring two match officials and a coach.

Supports
Woldia supporters were involved in an incident where a match official was beaten during a game at Woldia Stadium.

Reference

Category:Football clubs in Ethiopia


Superpallo

Superpallo (in English: Bouncy Ball) is the fifth studio album by Finnish pop rock singer-songwriter Maija Vilkkumaa, released by Warner Music in Finland digitally on 29 September 2008. The album debuted at number one upon release on the Finnish Albums Chart and charted for 16 weeks in two runs up to 2009. With sales of over 19,000 copies to date, the record has been awarded a gold certification in Finland.

Singles
During 2008, three singles were released from Superpallo, "Suojatiellä" on 16 June, "Luokkakokous" on 30 August and "Mä haluun naimisiin" on 22 December.

Track listing

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

Category:2008 albums
Category:Maija Vilkkumaa albums
Category:Finnish-language albums


Mimi Pollak

Maria Helena "Mimi" Pollak (9 April 1903 – 11 August 1999) was a Swedish actress and theatre director.

Mini biography
Maria Helena Pollak was born in Karlstad, Värmland to  Austrian-Jewish parents and was trained in the performing arts at the prestigious Dramatens elevskola  (the Royal Dramatic Theatre's acting school) in Stockholm 1922-24.

Pollak worked in the 1920s and 1930s as a film actress and as stage actress mainly on Helsingborg City Theatre and The Blanche Theatre, Stockholm, but she returned as an actress to Royal Dramatic Theatre ( Dramaten) 1942.

Pollak became in 1948 the first contracted female director at the Dramaten with the production of Jean Genet's Jungfruleken (Les Bonnes/The Maids), starring Anita Björk and Maj-Britt Nilsson in the leads. Pollak became a very successful director at Dramaten and staged altogether 60 plays at the national stage over the years.

She appeared since her 1922 debut in the film Amatörfilmen in about 30 film and TV productions. Notable film roles are her supporting parts in Schamyl Bauman's film comedy Skolka skolan (1949), in Vilgot Sjöman's Klänningen (a.k.a. The Dress, 1964), in Ingmar Bergman's Autumn Sonata (starring Ingrid Bergman) as the piano teacher, in Flight of the Eagle (1982), starring Max von Sydow and directed by Jan Troell and in the very popular Swedish TV mystery Agnes Cecilia - en sällsam historia (1991), adapted from the successful books by Maria Gripe.

She retired in 1975, but made a stage comeback in 1991, age 87, in Anton Chekhov's Uncle Vanya.

Sometimes credited as Mimmi Pollak, Mimi Pollack or Mimmi Pollack.

Personal life
Pollak attended the Royal Dramatic Theatre school in Stockholm, Sweden with fellow actress Greta Garbo from 1922 to 1924. Garbo moved to the US in 1925 and Pollak married in 1927 and later had children, although they did maintain contact for over 60 years.
Their relationship and letters are portrayed (published in parts) in the Swedish book Djävla älskade unge! (Bloody Beloved Kid), written by Po Tin Andersén Axell (2005), and in Garbo's personal writings, released in Sweden the same year.

Pollak was married 1927-1938 to Swedish actor Nils Lundell (1889–1943).

Selected filmography
1991 – Agnes Cecilia - en sällsam historia
1986 – Amorosa
1985 - August Strindberg ett liv (TV)
1982 – The Flight of the Eagle (Ingenjör Andrées luftfärd)
1978 – Autumn Sonata (Höstsonaten)
1979 – I frid och värdighet
1979 - Christopher's House
1971 – Emil i Lönneberga
1965 – Nattmara
1955 – Mord, lilla vän
1951 – Sommarlek
1949 – Skolka skolan (a.k.a. Playing Truant)
1949 – Bara en mor (a.k.a. Only A Mother)
1949 – Gatan
1947 – Den långa vägen
1947 – Supé för två
1942 – Lågor i dunklet
1942 – Vi hemslavinnor
1941 – Spökreportern
1940 – Med dej i mina armar
1940 – One, But a Lion!
1926 – Sven Klingas levnadsöde
1923 – Andersson, Pettersson och Lundström
1922 – Amatörfilmen

Footnotes

Further reading

External links

 Mimi Pollak

Category:1903 births
Category:1999 deaths
Category:Bisexual actresses
Category:Bisexual women
Category:LGBT Jews
Category:LGBT entertainers from Sweden
Category:Swedish film actresses
Category:Swedish Jews
Category:Swedish people of Austrian-Jewish descent
Category:Swedish silent film actresses
Category:20th-century Swedish actresses
Category:Swedish theatre directors


Wszyscy Jesteśmy Lesbijkami

Wszyscy Jesteśmy Lesbijkami (We Are All Lesbians) is the third album released by Polish punk rock band Anti Dread.

Track listing
italicised titles in brackets are translated from Polish.
 "Zabawka" (Toy)
 "Zanim świat runie w gruzy" (Before the World Falls to Pieces)
 "Reklamówka z Netto" (Bag from Netto)
 "Zniszczyłaś mnie" (You Have Destroyed Me)
 "Tajna Armia" (Secret Army)
 originally performed by Cock Sparrer
 "Moja droga życia" (My Way of Life)
 "Roko"
 "On płonie w Tobie" (He Burns Inside You)
 "Włoski automat" (Italian Automate)
 "Muszę ją mieć" (I've Got to Get Her)
 "Mam erekcję" (I Have Erection)
 originally performed by Turbonegro
 "Zgubiłem mózg" (I've Lost My Brain)
 "Dupy i forsa" (Pussy and Money)
 originally performed by The Dictators

Personnel
Paweł Czekała - guitar
Kanister - drums
Andrzej - vocals
Cl-Boy - guitar
Mirosław Lipniewski - bass guitar

External links
  Anti Dread official website
  Jimmy Jazz Records

Category:2007 albums
Category:Anti Dread albums
Category:Polish-language albums


Scottish Qualifying Cup

The Scottish Qualifying Cup was a football competition played in Scotland between 1895 and 2007. During that time, apart from a brief spell in the 1950s, it was the only way for non-league teams to qualify for the Scottish Cup. The Qualifying Cup was open to all full member clubs of the Scottish Football Association, who were not members of the Scottish Premier League or Scottish Football League. In June 2007 the Scottish Football Association announced a new format for the Scottish Cup from season 2007–08 that would allow all full member clubs direct entry into the competition and consequently the Qualifying Cup competition was scrapped.

History
The Qualifying Cup was introduced in 1895 to make the number of entries into the main Scottish Cup more manageable and reduce the number of mis-matched ties in the early rounds. Until season 1930–31 it was played as a single national competition, although ties were often drawn on a geographical basis so that the final would often be between the best teams in the North and South. From 1931 there were separate competitions for the North and South, and additionally in 1946–47 and 1947–48 there was a Midlands competition. There was a brief hiatus for three seasons between 1954–55 to 1956–57 when all clubs were given direct entry into the Scottish Cup and the Qualifying Cup was not contested.

Structure
In its final form, the competition was divided into two sections; The Qualifying Cup (North) and Qualifying Cup (South). Teams played each other within the North/South regions in a knockout format where teams were drawn against each other randomly. In the draw, the team who was drawn first from each tie was the home team. If the first match finished a draw then a replay was played at the ground of the second team. In the replay, if the scores were still level, extra time was played and penalties used if necessary to decide the winner of the tie.

The four teams which reached the semi-finals (last four) in each region qualified automatically for the Scottish Cup. Hence, eight non-league teams qualified each year for the Scottish Cup.

Eligible Clubs
The following clubs were eligible to play in the last competition in 2006–07.

Scottish Qualifying Cup (North)
15 teams in membership of the Highland Football League
Brora Rangers
Buckie Thistle
Clachnacuddin
Cove Rangers
Deveronvale
Forres Mechanics
Fort William
Fraserburgh
Huntly
Inverurie Loco Works
Keith
Lossiemouth
Nairn County
Rothes
Wick Academy
Golspie Sutherland of the North Caledonian League

Scottish Qualifying Cup (South)
13 teams in membership of the East of Scotland Football League
Annan Athletic
Civil Service Strollers
Coldstream
Dalbeattie Star
Edinburgh City
Edinburgh University
Gala Fairydean
Hawick Royal Albert
Preston Athletic
Selkirk
Spartans
Vale of Leithen
Whitehill Welfare
The following clubs from the South of Scotland Football League
Newton Stewart
St Cuthbert Wanderers
Threave Rovers
Wigtown & Bladnoch
Burntisland Shipyard of the Kingdom Caledonian League
Girvan of the SJFA Western Region
Glasgow University of the Caledonian League

References

External links
Scottish Qualifying Cup Finals 1895-1930 at RSSSF

Category:Defunct football cup competitions in Scotland
Category:Scottish Cup


Banghak station

Banghak Station is a metro station on Seoul Subway Line 1. It is the closest station to the Dobong-gu District Office in Seoul.

Exit
 Exit 1: Dobong Fire Station, Banghak 1-dong Community Center, Banghak 1-dong Protection Center, Banghak Post Office, Obong Elementary School, Sindobong Market
 Exit 2: Dobong 2-dong Community Center, Dobong-gu Office, Dobong Middle School, Dobong 2-dong Protection Center, Lotte Mart
 Exit 3: Dobong 2-dong Community Center, Dobong Fire Station, Dobong Information Industrial High School, Banghak 1-dong Community Center, Banghak 1-dong Protection Center, Banghak Post Office, Seoul Changdo Elementary School, Changdong Middle School, Changdong High School

References

Category:Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations
Category:Metro stations in Dobong District
Category:Railway stations opened in 1986


Galil (administrative unit)

In Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, a galil was an administrative unit of Jewish internal autonomy. They were governed by Jewish regional councils (va'ad galil).

While initially they matched the Polish structure of voivodships and other administrative divisions in other parts of the Commonwealth, over time the discrepancies between the state internal borders and those of the Jewish autonomy grew quite pronounced.

References

Category:Jewish Polish history
Category:Types of country subdivisions
Category:Subdivisions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth


Young Australia League

The Young Australia League (Inc) (YAL) is an Australian youth organisation which was formed in Perth, Western Australia in 1905 by Jack Simons and Lionel Boas. Developed as a means to encourage Australian nationalism and patriotic values, the organisation organises activities and the ideals of "Education through Travel", the aims of its founders.

History
Simons was secretary of the Western Australian Football League (WAFL) between 1905 and 1914, and believed that the encroachment of soccer, rugby and other "non-Australian" sports was threatening the game of Australian rules football. Along with several prominent Western Australians including Lionel Boas, the Young Australia Football League was formed in 1905 as a development organisation for football in Western Australia. The League organised intra- and interstate tours for young Western Australian football players to promote the Australian rules football code as part of a broader nationalist agenda. Other people involved with the establishment of the League were prominent Western Australian artists H. H. Eastcourt and Arthur Clarke, and noted Victorian artist Robert Prenzel.

Shortly afterward, the YAFL changed its name to 'Young Australia League', and its activities were diversified to include literature, debating, band music, sport and theatrical performances, as well as outdoor pursuits such as hiking and camping. Setting its activities mainly for boys, the League promoted a philosophy of development of Australian nationalism with the aim of becoming the 'largest boys club in the British Empire'. In 1909 the League had its first of many interstate tours, with overseas tours conducted in 1911, 1914, 1924 and 1929.

After World War I, branches were established in other states along similar lines to the Perth organisation.

 of land was purchased in 1929 in the Darling Scarp near Roleystone and developed for the League's outdoor activities. This became Araluen Botanical Gardens, as a memorial to YAL members killed in action, and was dedicated in 1930 by the Governor, Sir William Campion.

Simons, who had extensive publishing interests, died in 1945. Four years prior, he assigned his interest in Western Press to YAL, giving the League a bequest of $50,000.

The League continued but is now only operational in Western Australia. Due to declining funds, Araluen had fallen into disrepair by 1985 and was sold to the Government of Western Australia. Since 1990 it has been run as a not-for-profit volunteer organisation, responsible for the Park's restoration, preservation and development.

In Simon's lifetime, an estimated 50,000 people participated in the well-known YAL travel tours around the world.

Boas was president of the League for forty years, until his death in 1949.

Facilities

The League's headquarters are at 45 Murray Street, at the corner of Irwin Street, Perth; a heritage listed building which was built in 1924 to accommodate clubrooms and administration. The foyer houses an extensive museum of memorabilia associated with the League's early years.

"Camp Simons" is a YAL–operated youth camp set in bushland near Araluen, about 3 km from Canning Dam. It has accommodations for about 200 people.

References

Further reading

External links

Category:Organisations based in Western Australia
Category:Youth organisations based in Australia
Category:Clubs and societies in Australia
Category:1905 establishments in Australia
Category:Australian rules football in Western Australia
Category:Murray Street, Perth


Austrogomphus guerini

Austrogomphus guerini, also known as Austrogomphus (Austrogomphus) guerini, is a species of dragonfly of the family Gomphidae,
commonly known as the yellow-striped hunter.
It inhabits streams, rivers and lakes in eastern New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania, Australia.

Austrogomphus guerini is a tiny to medium-sized, black and yellow dragonfly.

Gallery

See also
 List of Odonata species of Australia

References

Category:Gomphidae
Category:Odonata of Australia
Category:Insects of Australia
Category:Endemic fauna of Australia
Category:Taxa named by Jules Pierre Rambur
Category:Insects described in 1842


Euchilichthys dybowskii

Euchilichthys dybowskii is a species of upside-down catfish native to Cameroon, Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo where it is found in the Dja and Ubangi Rivers and rivers of the eastern Congo Basin.  This species grows to a length of  TL.

References

Category:Mochokidae
Category:Catfish of Africa
Category:Freshwater fish of Cameroon
Category:Fish of the Central African Republic
Category:Fish of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Category:Fish described in 1892


Tom Green (field hockey)

Tom Green (born 6 February 1974 in Durban, South Africa) is a field hockey defence or midfield player from Canada, who started playing field hockey at the age of eight. The resident of Vancouver, British Columbia earned his first cap in and against India (1-1).

International senior competitions
 1998 - Commonwealth Games, Kuala Lumpur (not ranked)
 2000 - Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, Kuala Lumpur (7th)
 2000 - Americas Cup, Cuba (2nd)
 2001 - World Cup Qualifier, Edinburgh (8th)

References

Category:1974 births
Category:Living people
Category:Field hockey people from British Columbia
Category:South African people of British descent
Category:Canadian male field hockey players
Category:Canadian people of British descent
Category:Sportspeople from Durban
Category:Sportspeople from Vancouver
Category:South African emigrants to Canada


Christopher Middleton

Christopher Middleton may refer to:

Christopher Middleton (d. 1628) (1560–1628), English translator and poet
Christopher Middleton (poet) (1926–2015), British poet
Christopher Middleton (navigator) (–1770), Royal Navy officer and navigator

See also
Khris Middleton (born 1991), American professional basketball player


The Return of the Space Cowboy

The Return of the Space Cowboy is the second album by British funk/acid jazz band Jamiroquai. The album was released on 17 October 1994 in the United Kingdom under Sony Soho Square and on 9 May 1995 under Work Group in the United States.

Background and production
After the success of the band's debut album Emergency on Planet Earth, Jay Kay was eager to work on a follow-up. At the time, the band's drummer Nick van Gelder had been on holiday for longer than expected, which caused conflict between him and Kay. This led to Jamiroquai recruiting Derrick McKenzie who drummed with the band while recording the first track "Just Another Story" in one take for his audition. Kay became more confident with the band's new drummer and the recognition Jamiroquai had begun to receive. But suddenly fell into a sophomore slump which was worsened by his increasing drug use. The songwriting process was complex for the band, Kay was often unhappy with the results and songs were often scrapped or rewritten. And when the group presented Sony a few number of songs, the label told the band that "none of [them] sounded like singles".

"Stillness in Time" was written when Kay was at his lowest point. He said that "the sweetness of [the song] was really wishful thinking; a hope that things would get better."  They later presented to Sony what would be their second single, "Half the Man", a song about Kay's twin brother who died shortly after birth and also "doubles up really nicely as a love song"; though it wasn't the lead single the label was looking for. The seventh track "Mr. Moon" tells of a girl who Kay met at a rave, but eventually ended up with the band's keyboardist Toby Smith. Kay praised Smith for his "incredibly complex chord structure[s]" in the song.

With the band's songwriting going back and forth between harder and softer songs, they shifted to writing the "very heavy [and aggressive]" songs "Light Years" and "The Kids". The former track was meant to "[capture] the feeling of the streets[,]" and was about youth protests against the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act of 1994, a bill that outlaws unrestricted raves. The fifth track "Manifest Destiny", a mellow song with "a brass heavy coda[,]" was written when Kay read of the mistreatment and massacres of Native Americans. The ninth track "Morning Glory" was according to BBC Music, a "laid back, a blissed-out joy; perfect comedown music with percussion darting from speaker to speaker."

The band soon found their turning point when they wrote "Space Cowboy" which Kay called his "comeback anthem" and became the album's lead single. The writing of the song helped the band to finish the album, which Kay called "one of our most creative and accomplished albums."

Legacy
Missy Elliott and Chance the Rapper had both respectively sampled the track "Morning Glory" for 1997's "Bite Our Style (Interlude)" from Supa Dupa Fly and the 2015 song "Israel". 2Pac had also sampled from the track "Manifest Destiny".

Reception

Rolling Stone gave the album 4 out of 5 stars, claiming "Jay Kay is a wonderfully nimble singer with a Stevie Wonder jones, and Jamiroquai parlay jazzy soul pop so tight it crackles....Nowadays, when most funk comes out of cans, Jamiroquai's live spark glows." Entertainment Weekly gave the album a B- rating, claiming "No idle nostalgia broker, Jamiroquai is a funk-making machine with a bright future in the past." Q magazine also gave the album 3 out of 5 stars, claiming "An ebullient follow-up to his storming debut." The Source claimed "The Return Of The Space Cowboy is a mixture of acid jazz-like keyboards with an overlay of bright horns and hard basslines....This group may still be light years ahead of the hip-hop world." Musician claimed "...sounds like a bastard spawn of Stevie Wonder and Mandrill with its vintage keyboards, jazz harmonies and fondness for rambling, jam-oriented arrangements..."

Singles

 "The Kids" was released as the album's lead single on 30 June 1994, exclusively in Japan. The track was recorded shortly after the Emergency on Planet Earth sessions. "The Kids" was written and performed during the 1993 Emergency on Planet Earth tour. It may either have been an outtake from the album, or simply a song written after the album was fully produced and released. The live versions played during the tour had a different chorus when compared to the album version. After "The Kids" was recorded with previous drummer, Nick Van Gelder, Derrick McKenzie replaced Nick and all tracks from the Space Cowboy recording sessions were re-recorded with McKenzie on drums, aside from "The Kids", on which van Gelder's drumming remains. The song was probably left to be as it was because of time constraints related to the mastering process, production and release.
 "Space Cowboy" was released as the album's international lead single on 26 September 1994. The single peaked at #17 on the UK Singles Chart and was their first #1 on the U.S. Dance Chart. Two very distinct versions of the song exist. One was recorded with Stuart Zender on bass, has a greater tempo, and uses a 'bass slap' technique during the chorus. This version is commonly known as the "Stoned Again Mix", even though it is the original version. The second version, the one that appears on the album is considerably different, with a lower tempo, and a completely dissimilar bassline. The bass on the album version was not played by Zender, but by an unknown artist only credited as "Mr. X" in the booklet. Only recently Zender himself on Instagram has revealed that the bass player who played on the song is Paul Powell.
 "Half the Man" was released as the album's third overall single on 7 November 1994. The track peaked at #15 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was featured on the soundtrack of cult British surf movie Blue Juice. The song gained recognition for its popular B-side, "Space Clav", which has never been included on any other Jamiroquai release. With the exception of its inclusion on both regular and deluxe Japanese pressings, it is one of nine singles that does not appear on the group's greatest hits album.
 "Light Years" was released as the album's fourth overall single on 2 May 1995. The song did not chart on the UK Singles Chart due to little promotion of its release. In the United States, the song peaked at #6 on the U.S. Dance Chart. The American version of the single features three mixes of the song by David Morales. The American album release features a live version of "Light Years", performed in Marseille in December 1994, as a bonus track. Two main versions of the song exist - a radio edit, running at 3:59, and an album version, which lasts for 5:53.
 "Stillness in Time" was released as the album's fifth overall single on 19 June 1995. The track peaked at #9 on the UK Singles Chart, making it the group's highest charting release to that date. The song was covered by Calvin Harris on the Radio 1 Established 1967 collection, which was released in 2007. Three versions of the track exist: a radio edit, which runs at 3:43, the album version, which runs at 4:11, and the vinyl version, which runs at 6:13. The music video strikes some similarities to the video for "Light Years", as they both feature Jamiroquai snowboarding down a mountain.

Track listing

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

References

Category:Jamiroquai albums
Category:1995 albums
Category:Work Records albums


Danaus eresimus

Danaus eresimus, the soldier or tropical queen, is a North American, Caribbean, and South American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.

Their flight is slow and they are reasonably easy to approach, but will fly for some distance if approached too closely.

Description
The upperside of the wings is dark reddish brown with the forewing sometimes having white submarginal spots. The veins are lightly marked with black. Males have a black scent patch on each of the hindwings. The underside of the wings is also dark brown with a postmedian band made up of squarish spots. The soldier has a wingspan of  to  inches (64–76 mm). D. e. flexaure, formerly D. flexaure, is a subspecies which has more white markings on the hindwing underside.

Similar species
Similar species in the soldier's range include the monarch (Danaus plexippus) and the queen (Danaus gilippus).

The monarch is more orange, has heavier black-lined veins, and the underside of the wings is a pale yellowish color.

The queen has nearly no black-marked veins, and has white forewing submarginal spots on both surfaces of the wings.

Habitat
The soldier may be found in a variety of open, subtropical habitats such as citrus groves, weedy water edges where host plants occur, dry fields, etc.

Flight
This butterfly may be encountered from February to December in southern Florida (it is most common in October to December), and from August to January in southern Texas.

Life cycle
Males patrol for females.  The eggs are bright orange. The black larva is banded with white and yellow stripes.  It has a subdorsal row of yellowish-tan spots.  There are six black, fleshy filaments, the first pair near the head, the second on the thorax, and the third at the end of the abdomen.  The chrysalis is very similar to that of the monarch, often indistinguishable.  It has three or more broods per year.

Host plants
 Strangler vine, Morrenia odorata
 White vine, Funastrum clausum
 West Indian pinkroot, Spigelia anthelmia

References

eresimus
Category:Butterflies of North America
Category:Butterflies of Central America
Category:Butterflies of the Caribbean
Category:Nymphalidae of South America
Category:Butterflies of Cuba
Category:Butterflies of Mexico
Category:Butterflies of the United States
Category:Lepidoptera of Brazil
Category:Butterflies described in 1777
Category:Least concern biota of North America


David McIntosh (Venezuelan footballer)

David Andrew McIntosh Parra (, born 17 February 1973) is a Venezuelan footballer who currently plays for Yaracuy FC as a centre back. McIntosh also has been capped for the Venezuela national team in two Copa América editions by Eduardo Borrero and José Omar Pastoriza as coach.

Honours

Club
ACD Lara
 Torneo de Clausura (1): 2012

References

External links

 McIntosh at Football Lineups
 David McIntosh at Footballdatabase

Category:1973 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Ciudad Bolívar
Category:Venezuelan footballers
Category:Venezuela international footballers
Category:1997 Copa América players
Category:1999 Copa América players
Category:Association football defenders
Category:Minervén FC players
Category:Zulia F.C. players
Category:Caracas FC players
Category:Trujillanos FC players
Category:Carabobo F.C. players
Category:Aragua FC players
Category:Deportivo Petare players
Category:Asociación Civil Deportivo Lara players
Category:Deportivo Italia players
Category:Atlético Venezuela players
Category:Metropolitanos FC players
Category:Deportivo Anzoátegui players
Category:Venezuelan Primera División players