Joachim van den Hove

Joachim van den Hove (1567? – 1620) was a Flemish/Dutch composer and a lutenist. He composed works for lute solo and for lute and voice. Moreover, he wrote many arrangements for lute of Italian, French, and English vocal and instrumental music, and of Flemish/Dutch folk music. Van den Hove disputes with Adriaensen and Vallet the distinction of being the most important representative of 17th century Dutch lute music.

Van den Hove was born in Antwerp, where his father, Peeter van den Hove, was a respected musician. After the Fall of Antwerp in 1584–5 the family fled north. From at least 1593 to 1616 Joachim lived in Leiden, where in 1594 he married Anna Rodius (originally "de Roy") from Utrecht. There he was a lutenist and also lute teacher. His most famous pupils were the young Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange and Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange.

Van den Hove's financial fortunes declined and in 1616 his properties were confiscated. Before his Leiden home was sold by public auction in 1618, he had fled to The Hague, where he died in poverty in 1620.

Published collections of his works are:
Florida, sive cantiones (Utrecht, 1601)
Delitiae Musicae (Utrecht, 1612)
Praeludia testudinis (Leiden,  1616)

Works in manuscripts:
Christoph Herold - Lautenbuch, 1602
Joachim van den Hove - Lautenbuch, 1615 (Autograph)
Ernst Schele - Tabulaturbuch, 1619

References

 Ralf Jarchow: Ernst Schele - Tabulaturbuch, Jarchow, Glinde 2004/2009 (facsimile and commentary; with many unique works by Hove)
 Ralf Jarchow: Joachim van den Hove - Lautenbuch, Jarchow, Glinde 2006/2011 (facsimile and commentary; lute tablature by Hove in his own hand)
 Rudolf Rasch (1991). Lute music from the Netherlands, CD booklet, BFO Centre Netherlands Music.
 John H. Robinson: Inventory of lute solos composed or arranged by Joachim van den Hove (Lute News Nr. 44), Lute Society, Guildford 1997
 John H. Robinson: Hove, Joachim van den, (in Grove), Macmillan Publishers Limited, London 2001
 Andreas Schlegel & François-Pierre Goy: Ms. Herold, Padua 1602, Tree-Edition, München 1991 (facsimile and commentary; with many unique works by Hove)
 Godelieve Spiessens: Joachim van den Hove - Præludia Testudinis, Leiden 1616, Bibliotheca Regia Belgica, Brussels 1982 (Facsimile)
 T. Willemze (1981). Componistenlexicon, Deel 2. Het Spectrum, Utrecht. (in Dutch)

Category:1560s births
Category:1620 deaths
Category:17th-century classical composers
Category:Renaissance composers
Category:Dutch Baroque composers
Category:Composers for lute
Category:Lutenists
Category:Male classical composers
Category:People from Antwerp
Category:People from Leiden


Lin Mingyu

Lin Mingyu (; October 1937 – 6 April 2019) was a Chinese politician. He served as Communist Party Secretary of Haikou, the capital of Hainan province, and vice chairman of the Hainan Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the Hainan Provincial People's Congress.

Biography
Lin was born in October 1937 in Danzhou, Hainan, China. He participated in the Chinese Communist Revolution as a 10-year-old child, and joined the Communist Party in 1960. After graduating from Hainan Overseas Chinese High School, he studied in the Department of Chinese of Minzu University of China from 1958 to 1962.

Lin worked for the government of Hainan (then a prefecture of Guangdong province) after university. He became Party Secretary of Lingshui Li Autonomous County in January 1977, and was promoted to Party Secretary of Haikou City in December 1983. In 1988, when Hainan was elevated to the status of province, Haikou was designated as its capital and Lin became the first Party Secretary of the provincial capital.

In 1990, Lin was appointed acting secretary-general of Hainan Province. He served as Vice Chairman of the Hainan Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference from 1993 to 1998, and as Vice Chairman of the Hainan Provincial People's Congress from 1998 to 2003. He retired in December 2003.

Lin died on 6 April 2019 in Haikou, at the age of 81.

References

Category:1937 births
Category:2019 deaths
Category:Communist Party of China politicians from Hainan
Category:People from Haikou
Category:Political office-holders in Hainan
Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Hainan
Category:Minzu University of China alumni


Hey

Hey or Hey! may refer to:

Interjection
 Hey (interjection)

Music
 Hey (band), a Polish rock band

Albums
 Hey (Andreas Bourani album), or the title song
 Hey! (Julio Iglesias album), or the title song
 Hey! (Jullie album), or the title song
 Hey! Album, by Marvelous 3
Hey!, an album by The Gruesomes
Hey, an album by Toni Price
 Hey: A Pixies Tribute, a Pixies tribute album
 Hey (EP), a 2014 EP by alternative hip hop artist Le1f
 Hey, 1974 album by The Glitter Band

Songs
 "Hey" (Lil Jon song), 2010
 "Hey" (Mitchel Musso song), 2009
 "Hey!" (Masaharu Fukuyama song), by Masaharu Fukuyama
 "Hey", by Alvvays from Antisocialites
 "Hey", by Bic Runga from Drive
 "Hey", by Crystal Bernard, Don't Touch Me There, 1991
 "Hey", by Fais & Afrojack 2016
 "Hey", by Gillmor, opening theme for the U.S. sitcom Unhitched
 "Hey", by the Goo Goo Dolls from Hold Me Up
 "Hey", by Hanson from Underneath
 "Hey!", by The Hellacopters from Payin' the Dues
 "Hey", by Leeland from Sound of Melodies
 "Hey!", by MF Doom from Operation: Doomsday
 "Hey", by Movielife from Forty Hour Train Back to Penn
 "Hey!", by Oingo Boingo from Boingo
 "Hey", by the Pixies from Doolittle
 "Hey", by the Red Hot Chili Peppers from Stadium Arcadium
 "Hey", by The Suicide Machines from Destruction by Definition
"Hey!", by The Go! Team from Semicircle
 "Hey (I've Been Feeling Kind of Lonely)", by Danny Saucedo from Heart Beats
 "Hey! (So What)", by Dannii Minogue from Neon Nights
 "Rock and Roll" (Gary Glitter song), commonly known as "The Hey song"

Other uses
 Hey (surname)
 Hey, Iran, a village in Zanjan Province
 Hanchey Army Heliport, by IATA code

See also

 Hey Hey (disambiguation)
 Hay (disambiguation)
 Heya (disambiguation)
 Hei (disambiguation)
 Hej


Takaneh, Lorestan

Takaneh (, also Romanized as Takāneh) is a village in Dehpir-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 314, in 66 families.

References

Category:Towns and villages in Khorramabad County


ACSF

ACSF may refer to:
 All-China Sports Federation
 American Clean Skies Foundation
 Artificial cerebrospinal fluid
 Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future


Tikuligadh

Tikuligadh is a town in Tilottama Municipality in Rupandehi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The formerly village development committee was merged to form new municipality on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8,880 people living in 1430 individual households.

References

Category:Populated places in Rupandehi District


Parrot Film Company

The Parrot Film Company was one of the earliest film companies in Burmese film history. Based in Rangoon, the company was owned by Mr Major Parrot, a British man. But the company was not started as a film company. It started as a taxi company.

The Parrot Taxi Company

The Parrot Taxi Company imported Morris and Austin cars from Great Britain in the early 1920s. The company's boss, Mr Parrot met with a young Burmese clerk working in a gambling company when he went to horse racing course to gamble. The young man was U Sunny. He was a sociable, friendly and hard-working clerk who was also very fluent in English. The two became friends later. Mr Parrot told U Sunny to quit his job and offered him a job as a clerk in his taxi company. Later, U Sunny was promoted to managing director by Mr Parrot. Under his management, the company became more prosperous. The taxis increased from about ten to thirty-five and U Sunny was also able to establish a taxi gate near the Strand Hotel.

The Great Depression and the Transformation

By the start of the 1930s, the company was facing severe financial problems caused by the Great Depression which hit Burmese farmers and merchants particularly hard, while the British companies continued to buy rice at low prices. Later, there were riots in Rangoon University together with unrest among farmers and workers. Mr Parrot saw the writing on the wall and decided to retire and return home to England. Before leaving, he sold the company to U Sunny at half its value. U Sunny worked hard to keep the taxi company going during the depression and stave off bankruptcy. One day, however, U Sunny was inspired by the sight of crowds of people pouring out of a cinema and decided to turn his taxi company into a film company. U Ba Thar, his mechanic, agreed to be his company director.

Movies of the Parrot Film Company

The first film "Thirty-Six Animals" became a major hit. It was based on how Burmese suffered from gambling thirty-six animals. Thirty-six animals was one of the earliest gambling system in Burma of the 20th Century.It was played using thirty-six animals which included a tiger,a horse,a mouse and an elephant.
The second film "Our Peacock Flag" was also a hit and it was based on politics. It encouraged Burmese revolutionists and so it was censored.
The third film was "The Golden Peacock Coin" which also encouraged Burmese nationals to use Burmese peacock coins from the Thibaw Min's reign again despite the present use of the British coins.
The seventh film "Our King and Our Queen and Our Buddha" was also censored. It starred Maung Maung Aye and Khin Khin May as Thibaw Min  and Queen Supayalat and again encouraged Burmese people to fight against the British.It also showed that Buddhism was starting to fade under the British rule. The Film Censorship Board of Burma passed the film first but later stopped the film from showing due to its controversial story.
The company produced and directed about 58 films. The 22nd film,"Teacher" starring Ba Chit and Tin May Kalay was also a major hit. U Sunny gave away free books by Mawbi Hsaya Thein and P Moe Nin to people who came and watched his film.

Later years of the company

U Sunny became a rich man. He owned and operated the company for nearly twenty years. After the Second World War, he handed his company to his son, Ko Pe Kyaing. Parrot U Sunny died in 1956.

References and notes
"Kanaung Journal"-Article "Burmese who became rich" by Pyay Zone (Thway Thauk)
"Burmese Film History(1920-1945)"page 139-141

See also
Cinema of Burma
Parrot company of France
 Parrot SA

Category:Companies of Myanmar


Phumbey

Phumbey was known as the village of Serei Sophon town (Serei Saophoan District) in   Banteay Meanchey Province, in north-western Cambodia.

Category:Populated places in Banteay Meanchey Province


Todd Reynolds

Todd Reynolds may refer to:
 Todd Reynolds (musician), American violinist, composer, and conductor
 Todd Reynolds (figure skater) (born 1966), American figure skater


August 1967

The following events occurred in August 1967:

August 1, 1967 (Tuesday)
The U.S. State Department lifted restrictions on American travel to Algeria, Libya and the Sudan, imposed after the Six-Day War, but still limited travel to Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Yemen.
Nine Japanese high school students were killed by a bolt of lightning that struck them while they were descending Mount Nishihodaka, a  peak in Japan's Hida Mountains, near Nagano. Ten others were injured, and the other 31 members of the group were unhurt.
Died: Richard Kuhn, 66, Austrian-born German biochemist and 1938 Nobel laureate

August 2, 1967 (Wednesday)
Israel issued IDF Order Number 82, canceling municipal council elections that had been scheduled in the Palestinian towns of the West Bank prior to its capture from Jordan.  The four-year terms of all of the members who had been elected in 1963 were extended indefinitely.  Elections would finally be held on March 28, 1972 in the cities of Nablus, Jenin, Tulkarm, Qalqilya and Jericho (Ariha); and in Ramallah, Bethlehem and Hebron on May 2, 1972.
The Turkish soccer football team Trabzonspor, which would become one of the "big four" teams" that have won all but one of the championships in Turkey's top national circuit the Süper Lig, played its first game, after having been created by the merger of six teams in the city of Trabzon.   Trabonzpor would win six Süper Lig titles in the nine seasons between 1975–76 and 1983–84.  The other teams in the "big four" (Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe and Beşiktaş) are all in Istanbul.
Died: Walter Terence Stace, 80, British philosopher and mystic

August 3, 1967 (Thursday)
U.S. President Johnson asked Congress to temporarily increase individual and corporate income taxes by 10 percent for the 1968 tax year. Announced that he had approved sending an additional 45,000 American troops to fight in the Vietnam War before June 30, 1968, bringing the total number of U.S. personnel in South Vietnam to more than half a million.
Thieves stole several priceless artifacts from the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, taking the "Gold Crown of the Madonna" from a statue of the Virgin Mary and six solid gold hearts.  The crown had been presented to the church in 1624 by Elisabeth, Queen Consort of Spain and Portugal.  Police recovered the stolen artifacts 11 days later in Tel Aviv, intact, after several men were arrested.
Born: Creme Puff, American cat that holds the record for its longevity; in Austin, Texas.  Creme Puff, owned by Jake Perry, died three days after her 38th birthday, in 2005.

August 4, 1967 (Friday)
The Defence Amendment Act, 1967 went into effect in South Africa, providing that every young, able-bodied white South African male was subject to military training and service with the South African Defence Force (SADF).  The only persons exempt were policemen, railroad or prison workers, or enlisted servicemen.  The new law also prohibited the media from releasing, without government permission, information about the SADF or its operations, and any "information that would damage South Africa's foreign relations".
"The biggest riot in Shanghai" took place after municipal party activist Wang Hongwen called on citizens to attack the Shanghai Diesel Engine Plant on the ground that its employees and managers were foes of Zhang Chunqiao and the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.  According to one account, a crowd of 100,000 people surrounded the diesel engine factory, and 600 workers inside were taken out forcibly and tortured.  Film of the attack would be shown at the Gang of Four trial of the two men (and the two other accused gang members, Jiang Qin and Yao Wenyuan in 1980.
NASA named its sixth group of astronauts, with 11 men, seven of whom would be launched on American space shuttle missions.  Joseph P. Allen and William B. Lenoir would be the first to go into space, on board the fifth space shuttle mission on the Columbia 15 years later, on November 11, 1982.  Story Musgrave would be sent on six shuttle spaceflights between 1983 and 1996, starting with STS-6.  The other four would be William E. Thornton (STS-8), Robert A. Parker (STS-9), Anthony W. England and Karl Gordon Henize, both on STS-51-F.
Born: Mike Marsh, American sprinter, 1991 world champion 200 meter racer and 1992 Olympic gold medalist; in Los Angeles
Died: Sir Stewart Gore-Browne, 84, white Zambian independence advocate and adviser to Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda.

August 5, 1967 (Saturday)
One hundred and thirty seven people died from poisoning at a new moon festival in Madras after drinking varnish, mixed in a cocktail with lime juice, because of a prohibition in Madras state against the sale of liquor.  C. N. Annadurai, the Chief Minister of the Madras State in India (now the state of Tamil Nadu), declined to push for a repeal of prohibition and said instead that the sale of varnish would be temporarily prohibited.

China's President Liu Shaoqi and his wife, Wang Guangmei, both of whom had fallen into disfavor with Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong, was put on trial at the Zhongnanhai, the governmental residence center for Chinese officials.  With photographers and a film crew present, Liu and Wang were beaten and kicked after being ridiculed by party members.  Kept under arrest, and starved and deprived of medication, Liu would die two years later.  Wang would be incarcerated at Qincheng Prison for the next 12 years.
For the first time, almost all of the American Football League and the National Football League played against each other, as part of a series of 16 interleague preseason football games.  In the opening game, a team from the AFL defeated an NFL team for the first time, as the Denver Broncos upset the Detroit Lions, 13 to 7. All of the AFL teams, and 12 of the 16 from the NFL, played in the series.  The exceptions were the Packers (who had played the first NFL-AFL game when they beat the Chiefs in the Super Bowl), Cardinals, the Giants, and the Browns.
The World Boxing Association began a single-elimination tournament to fill the heavyweight boxing title that it had taken away from Muhammad Ali, starting with two quarterfinal bouts at the Houston Astrodome.  In the first fight, Thad Spencer beat former WBA champion Ernie Terrell, and in the second card, eventual champion Jimmy Ellis beat Leotis Martin.  The other four competitors were  Oscar Bonavena and Karl Mildenberger (who would fight on September 16) and Jerry Quarry and Floyd Patterson (who would fight on October 28).
Pink Floyd released their first album, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn in the United Kingdom.
Born:
Reid Hoffman, American internet entrepreneur, billionaire, and co-founder of LinkedIn; in Palo Alto, California
Fred Whitfield, African-American professional rodeo calf roper and eight-time world champion of the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association; in Hockley, Texas
Thomas Lang, Austrian-born American metal band drummer, in Vienna

August 6, 1967 (Sunday)
Graduate student Jocelyn Bell of the University of Cambridge radio telescope observatory became the first person to discover a pulsar, while doing the routine job of analyzing data from the radio receivers.  She found "a peculiar train of radio signals" that repeated every 1.33 seconds on the 81.5 megahertz radio frequency when the telescope was viewing a particular section of the sky (within the area occupied by the constellation Vulpecula), and she and Chief Astronomer Antony Hewish were surprised to find the signal appear again at the same time the next day.  Confirmation that the regular pulses were coming from the source would take place on November 28.  The stellar object would be designated originally as Cambridge Pulsar 1919 (because of its coordinates of  right ascension) and would later be referred to as PSR B1919+21.
A nonviolent general strike was called by Palestinian representatives in the East Jerusalem to protest Israel's administration of the formerly-Jordanian city, most notably the directive that teachers in the city's schools would have to teach an Israeli-approved curriculum.  "We have called a general strike so that the world will hear your outcry," a notice read, "and to prove you are steadfast in your refusal to accept the plans and the laws of the Zionists and that you belong to the Arab nation on both banks of the Jordan.  Long live Jordan on both banks, long live Arab Jerusalem."  The next day, Palestinian residents refused to show up to work, and the protest leaders announced that they would never accept citizenship in Israel, nor participate in the upcoming municipal elections.
Scientists in the Chinese city of Changchun made two tests of conventional explosives that included radioactive materials.  The two "radioactive self-defense bombs" were both detonated within city limits, one at 1:15 in the morning and the other at 12:35 in the afternoon.  In so doing, they earned "the dubious distinction of having first designed and tested (though— as far as is known— never actually used against human targets) various primitive 'dirty bombs').
KMPX of San Francisco became the first radio station in the United States to take advantage of new FCC regulations, and to go to a progressive rock format.  The programming on the 106.9 FM frequency began a trend toward FM radio stations making the transition from "easy-listening" music to "album rock" music.

August 7, 1967 (Monday)
Lunar Orbiter 5, launched six days earlier by NASA, transmitted the most clear pictures up to that time of the far side of the Moon, taken from an altitude of 1,660 miles and then processed on the spacecraft and televised back to Earth.
Died: William Spratling, 66, American silver designer, was killed in an automobile accident in Mexico near his home in Taxco de Alarcon in the Guerrero state.

August 8, 1967 (Tuesday)
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was founded with the signing of a declaration at the Saranrom Palace in Bangkok, by the Foreign Ministers of Thailand (Thanat Khoman; Indonesia (Adam Malik); Singapore (Sinnathamby Rajaratnam); and the Philippines (Narciso Ramos); and by the Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia (Tun Abdul Razak).  In later years, the five founders would be joined by Brunei in 1984; Vietnam in 1995; Burma and Laos in 1997; and Cambodia in 1999.
Born:
Yūki Amami, Japanese actress, in Taitō
Sable, American actress and professional wrestler, as Rena Marlette Greek in Jacksonville, Florida

August 9, 1967 (Wednesday)
Troops from the breakaway republic of Biafra, formerly the Eastern Region of Nigeria, expanded the Nigerian Civil War by invading the federation's rebellious Western Region and occupied Benin City and the ports of Sapele and Ughelli.  The remaining Northern Region and Mid-Western Region were unaffected by the invasion.
British colonial authorities in Hong Kong closed down three pro-communist newspapers, the Tin Fung Daily News, the Hong Kong Evening News and the Afternoon News, halting publication pending the resolution of lawsuits, and arresting five of the journalists on charges of sedition and the spreading of false or inflammatory reports.
An army of 100 Belgian mercenaries and 1,500 Congolese army rebels, under the command of former Belgian Army Major Jean Schramme retook control of the city of Bukavu in the eastern Congo, and drove 300 Congolese Army troops into Rwanda to be disarmed.  The local population did not support the rebels, and troops sent by Congo's President Mobutu would drive the mercenaries out by the end of November.
Thirty-seven people in Afghanistan's Kunar Province drowned when the bus they were in fell off of a 30-foot cliff and overturned in a river.  Only three of the people on board survived.
The city of Denver, Colorado, was shaken by the strongest earthquake ever recorded in that state.  Although nobody was injured, the 5.5 magnitude tremor was strong enough to shatter windows and to be felt within a 120-mile radius.  The previous record had been set on April 10 by a 5.0 magnitude quake.
Born:
Deion Sanders, American NFL football cornerback and MLB baseball outfielder; in Fort Myers, Florida
Dana Vávrová, Czechoslovakian film actress who later became a German film director; in Prague (died of cancer, 2009)
Died:
Joe Orton, 34, English playwright and film screenplay writer, was beaten to death at his Islington home by his lover, Kenneth Halliwell, who then committed suicide with an overdose of sleeping pills.
Anton Walbrook, 70, Austrian and German film actor

August 10, 1967 (Thursday)
Section 127 of the Constitution of Australia, which provided that "In reckoning the numbers of the people of the Commonwealth, or of a State or other part of the Commonwealth, aboriginal natives shall not be counted", was repealed as the Constitution Alteration (Aboriginals) 1967 went into effect, two and a half months after its approval in a referendum on May 27.  In addition, a subsection of Section 51, which had noted that "The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order, and good government of the Commonwealth with respect to: (xxvi) the people of any race, other than the aboriginal race in any State, for whom it is deemed necessary to make special laws" was amended to remove eight words, and now refers to "(xxxvi) the people of any race for whom it is deemed necessary to make special laws".
Born: Riddick Bowe, American boxer and world heavyweight champion, 1992-1993 after his defeat of Evander Holyfield; in Brooklyn

August 11, 1967 (Friday)
The Long Biên Bridge over North Vietnam's Red River, the only link between that nation's two largest cities (Hanoi and Haiphong), was heavily damaged in an airstrike by the 388th Fighter Wing and 355th Fighter Wing of the U.S. Air Force, and its center span was destroyed. Nevertheless, the North Vietnamese would quickly restore their supply lines with "a pontoon bridge, constructed each evening and taken apart each morning", and a repatched bridge would be reopened by October 5.
Red Guards at the port of Dairen in the People's Republic of China attacked and seized control of a Soviet cargo ship, the Svirsk, a few days after the ship's captain was said to have dishonored Chairman Mao Zedong by refusing to accept a welcoming badge bearing the Chairman's image.  The offending captain was paraded through the streets the next day and the ship was held in port.  After Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin threatened to end all trade with China, the Chinese Navy freed the ship and escorted it out of the port.  A day after the Svirsk was allowed to leave, protesters would attack the Soviet Embassy in Beijing.
William C. Foster, the chief American representative at the 18-nation nuclear disarmament conference in Geneva, announced at the White House that the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. had agreed in principle on the conditions of a nuclear nonproliferation treaty.  The drafts would be submitted on August 24.
The cause of action in the landmark 1972 case of Furman v. Georgia began during a burglary in Savannah, Georgia when William Henry Furman shot Chief Petty Officer William J. Micke, Jr. at Micke's home.  Furman would contend that the shooting killing was accidental; found guilty of murder and sentenced to death, Furman, who was black, then appealed the sentence and, based on statistics that the death penalty was applied disproportionately to African-Americans convicted of murder, the U.S. Supreme Court would invalidate all death penalty convictions and laws in the United States on June 29, 1972.
Born:
Enrique Bunbury, Spanish singer-songwriter, in Zaragoza
Collin Chou, Taiwan-born American film acdtor and martial artist, as Chou Siu-lung in Kaohsiung
Joe Rogan, American podcaster, comedian and martial arts commentator, in Newark, New Jersey

August 12, 1967 (Saturday)
The Prices and Incomes Act 1966, passed the previous year as a means of controlling inflation, went into effect in the United Kingdom, giving the British government the authority to delay increases in prices, surcharges, and salaries.
Born: Emil Kostadinov, Bulgarian soccer football striker, in Sofia
Died: Esther Forbes, 76, American writer of biographies and historical novels for young readers

August 13, 1967 (Sunday)
The rock band Fleetwood Mac made its debut, appearing at the National Jazz and Blues Festival in Windsor, Berkshire, with Peter Green, Mick Fleetwood, Jeremy Spencer and (instead of John McVie), bassist Bob Brunning.
The head-on collision of two passengers buses near the Iranian city of Ayask killed 40 people and seriously injured 33 more.
Two women were killed by bears, in separate attacks on the same night, while camping at the Glacier National Park in Montana.  The unusual incidents, the first bear attacks in the history of the park, would call national attention to both the dangers of leaving garbage out in the open and the problems associated with the decreasing size of wild habitats and the increasing number of people encroaching upon them.  At 12:45, summertime park employees Julie Helgesen and Roy Ducat were in sleeping bags when they were mauled by a bear that had apparently been attracted by leftover sandwiches; Hegelsen was dragged away and died hours later.  Twenty miles away, Michele Koons, a 19 year old camper from San Diego, was camping with four fellow employees at the park and was unable to get out of her sleeping bag before a different bear dragged her away and killed her. The tragedy would later become the basis for a bestselling book, Night of the Grizzlies by Jack Olsen.
The Nigerian Air Force, which would later become one of the largest in Africa, received its first combat aircraft, with the arrival of several MiG-17 jet fighters from the Soviet Union, initially flown by pilots from Egypt.
Born: Amélie Nothomb, Japan-born Belgian novelist, in Kobe as the daughter of Belgium's ambassador to Japan.
Died: Jane Darwell, 87, American stage, film and television actress, and Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actress in 1940 for The Grapes of Wrath.

August 14, 1967 (Monday)
All but one of the United Kingdom's pirate radio stations played music for their final day, then signed off  before the new Marine Broadcasting Offences Act went into effect at midnight. The new law was an extension of the Wireless Telegraphy Act 1949 and although it could not prohibit boats from broadcasting from outside Britain's territorial waters, it did prohibit those stations from selling advertising within the British Isles.  Only one station, Radio Caroline, would continue to broadcast the next day.  With the shutdown of the pirate stations, BBC Radio 1 would go on the air on September 30 with a popular music format.
Nine Brazilian Navy sailors and two officers on the battle cruiser Barroso were scalded to death by superheated steam when a pipe to the ship's turbines ruptured during maintenance.
Pál Losonczi took office as the Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary, succeeding István Dobi in the ceremonial role as the Eastern European nation's official head of state.  Prime Minister Jenő Fock would remain the head of government, and the de facto leader of Hungary would continue to be the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, János Kádár.  Losonczi would serve for nearly 20 years, until June 25, 1987.

August 15, 1967 (Tuesday)
Twenty-seven people in India fell to their deaths when they struck a tree branch while riding on top of a passenger train as it passed through the city of Katihar in Bihar state.  The limb was from a banyan tree that was considered sacred by worshipers of the Hindu goddess Kali and was part of a shrine.  For several weeks, nobody would trim the branch until the railroad company offered a job to anyone who was willing to cut it down.  Finally, an enterprising resident named Siaram Jha defied the goddess of destruction and sawed off the limb.
The Shell Lake murders took place, with nine members of a family near Shell Lake, Saskatchewan, shot to death.  Victor Ernest Hoffman broke into the home of James Peterson, then used a repeater rifle to shoot Mr. and Mrs. Peterson and seven of their eight children, who ranged in age from two years old to 17 years old.  The only survivor of the massacre was a four-year-old girl.
The Chicago Picasso, a 50 foot high metal Cubist sculpture created by Pablo Picasso, was unveiled in front of the Chicago Civic Center (now the Richard J. Daley Center).
Born: Brahim Boutayeb, Moroccan athlete and Olympic gold medalist, 1988, in the 10,000 metre race; in Khemisset
Died:
René Magritte, 68, Belgian surrealist painter
Manuel Prado Ugarteche, 78, President of Peru 1939 to 1945 and 1956 to 1962

August 16, 1967 (Wednesday)
Access to the Temple Mount, venerated as a holy site in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, was placed fully under the control of the Jerusalem Islamic Waqf by Israel's Ministry of Religion. The action came the day after the Israeli Defense Forces' Chief Rabbi, Major General Shlomo Goren had led a group of soldiers in prayer at the site and declared his intention to build a synagogue on the mount, overlooking Old Jerusalem and recently captured from Jordan during the Six-Day War. The civilian Israel Police would continue to guard the site, and to ban prayer there by non-Muslims, half a century later.
Born:
Ulrika Jonsson, Swedish-born British television host, in Sollentuna
Pamela Smart, American murderer, as Pamela Ann Wojas in Coral Gables, Florida
Died: H. H. Kung (Kung Hsiang-hsi), 85, former Prime Minister of the Republic of China, 1938–1939

August 17, 1967 (Thursday)
Demonstrators in Beijing forced their way into the Soviet Union's embassy compound in China, smashed windows in the main building, destroyed furniture and set fire to files. A similar attack would take place on the British diplomatic quarters the following week.

August 18, 1967 (Friday)

Pope Paul VI announced a drastic reform of the governance of the Roman Catholic Church and of Vatican City.  The Roman Curia was reorganized "into something similar to a modern government cabinet".  The Pope's Secretary of State, Cardinal Amleto Cicognani, was given expanded powers and the title of "papal secretary", with expanded powers analogous to those of a Prime Minister.  For the first time, an annual budget was to be drawn up, under a new office to be known as the "Prefecture of Economic Affairs of the Holy See".
Israel opened its border crossing at the Allenby Bridge of the Jordan River and began the first of 14 days during which repatriation would be allowed for the 167,500 Palestinian refugees who had applied to return to their homes in the West Bank.  On the first day, only 355 displaced people, most of them women and children, or elderly residents, came across the border.  Both Israel and Jordan blamed each other for the small number of crossings.
Nine days after the Biafran Army had captured much of the Nigeria's Western Region, Biafran troops from the Edo tribe rebelled against their Igbo officers and declared the first Republic of Benin (with Albert Okonkwo as President), independent of both Nigeria and Biafra.  The republic, not affiliated with Dahomey (which now calls itself the Republic of Benin), would exist for a little more than a month, before the retaking of Benin City by Nigerian troops.
Boston Red Sox outfielder Tony Conigliaro suffered a severe head injury after being struck in the left temple by a baseball thrown by pitcher Jack Hamilton of the visiting California Angels. "Tony C.", who had led the American League in home runs in 1965, sustained a damage to his left eye and would miss the rest of 1967 and all of the 1968 season, before making a comeback in 1969 and hitting 20 home runs.  Conigliaro's injury "encouraged the use of the batting helmet with the addition of the earflap", which would become mandatory in Major League Baseball by 1983.
Born: Daler Mehndi, Indian recording artist known for popularizing Bhangra music; in Patna, Bihar state

August 19, 1967 (Saturday)
NASA published "the first extensive chart of the hidden side of the Moon ever to be compiled", in advance of the August 22 meeting of the International Astronomical Union in Prague.  Most of the features were unlabeled, but the map did use two names that had been proposed by the Soviet Union for features identified when the USSR took the far side's first pictures in 1959, Mare Moscoviense and the crater Tsiolkovsky.  Two other features had been named by astronomers who had seen portions of the fringe of the far side through telescopes, the Mare Orientale (described by German astronomer Julius Franz in 1906) and the Jules Verne crater.
Oliver Tambo, the acting president of the African National Congress, and James Chikerema, Vice-President of the Zimbabwe African People's Union, announced a military alliance between the ANC and ZAPU, which were fighting the white minority regimes in South Africa and Rhodesia, respectively.
Born: Satya Nadella, Indian-born American business executive and CEO of Microsoft since 2014; in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh state
Died:
Hugo Gernsback, 83, Luxembourg-born American science fiction publisher, for whom the Hugo Award is named
Isaac Deutscher, 60, Austro-Hungarian born British historian

August 20, 1967 (Sunday)
In Mexico, Guerrero state police officers opened fire on a crowd of unarmed protesters as they approached the Acapulco headquarters of the Regional Union of Copra Producers (URPC) to confront their union leader, killing at least 23 and perhaps as many as 40.
In Beijing, China's Foreign Ministry delivered a 48-hour ultimatum to the British Chargé d'affaires Office demanding that British authorities in Hong Kong cancel its suspension of publication of the three communist newspapers that had been closed on August 9; release the five men who had been arrested and declare them innocent of any crimes; and to drop any civil suits against the papers.  When the ultimatum expired, members of the Red Guards attacked the diplomatic office.
Three men in a car strafed the U.S. Embassy in London with machine gun fire, shattering glass doors and windows, but causing no injuries because the attack was timed for 11:30 at night.  A note, signed by a group calling itself the Revolutionary Solidarity Committee, contained the warning "Stop: Criminal murders by the American army.  Solidarity with all people battling against Yankee fascism all over the world!  Racism!  Freedom for American Negroes!"

August 21, 1967 (Monday)
Two U.S. Navy A-6A Intruder jets were shot down over the People's Republic of China after straying into Chinese airspace while attempting an attack on North Vietnam.  A U.S. Defense Department spokesman said that the two planes were part of a group from the aircraft carrier USS Constellation while on a bombing run of the Duc Noi railroad yard northeast of Hanoi, and conceded that they had inadvertently crossed into Chinese territory.  Radio Peking announced that it had captured one of the men alive; Lt. Robert J. Flynn would remain in a Chinese prison camp until March 15, 1973.
Born:
Serj Tankian, Lebanese-born American songwriter and singer, in Beirut
Carrie-Anne Moss, Canadian film actress; in Burnaby, British Columbia

August 22, 1967 (Tuesday)
Members of China's Red Guards invaded the United Kingdom's diplomatic compound in Beijing, setting fire to the chancery and beating Donald Hopson, the highest ranking British diplomat in China as the chargé d'affaires.  The attack followed the expiration time of an ultimatum from the Chinese government to Hopson demanding that Britain rescind the closure of three leftist newspapers in Hong Kong.  The next day, the diplomats and their families were allowed to leave and find refuge in other embassies and legations.  Because the attack had come despite a directive from Prime Minister Zhou Enlai forbidding violence against diplomatic establishments, Party Chairman Mao Zedong would order the arrest of the instigators of the violence, Wang Li and Guan Feng. Zhou would apologize to the British government on behalf of China, and the Chinese government would rebuild the offices that had been burned.
Modibo Keïta, the President of Mali, launched a révolution culturelle in his West African nation, reviving the Comité national de défense de la révolution (CNDR, the National Committee for Defense of the Revolution) and authorized it to purge the military and the civil service.  The People's Militia would carry out the arrest and torture of thousands of Malians.  Keïta himself would be overthrown on November 19, 1968, and would be executed in prison on May 16, 1977.
Officials in New York City announced that the 47-story Singer Building, which had briefly been the tallest building in the world in 1908 and 1909, would be torn down.
Born:
Ty Burrell, American television, stage and film actor known for portraying Phil Dunphy on Modern Family; in Grants Pass, Oregon
Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, British film actor, in Islington
Yukiko Okada, Japanese female singer known as Yukko; in Ichinomiya (committed suicide, 1986)
Layne Staley, American rock musician and guitarist, in Kirkland, Washington (died of drug overdose, 2002)
Died: Dr. Gregory Pincus, 64, American biochemist and co-inventor of the first birth control pill

August 23, 1967 (Wednesday)
The Republic of the Congo was reorganized into nine administrative regions for purposes of representation in the National Assembly.   Kouilou and the Pool Region would have 17 representatives each, Bouenza 13, Niari 12, Cuvette and Plateaux 10 each, Lékoumou 5, and Sangha and Likouala 3 each; the cities of Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire were separate constituencies.
The Anglican Church of Canada relaxed its strict ban against the remarriage of its divorced members, in an overwhelming amendment of canon law by delegates to the General Synod in Ottawa.  Previously, a Canadian Anglican who had gotten a divorce was subject to excommunication if he or she remarried while the former spouse was still alive.  Archbishop H. H. Clark, Primate of All Canada, said that he believed that the reform would encourage Parliament "to move with greater speed" in reforming Canada's divorce laws without fear of Church opposition.

August 24, 1967 (Thursday)
At a meeting of the UN's Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament, the United States and the Soviet Union submitted "two separate but identically worded draft treaties" that would form the basis for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
The United States Army began issuing the standard "Army Green shade 44" wool gabardine trench coat to be worn by all members.  The new garment replaced the system of olive green overcoats for enlisted personnel and taupe colored overcoats for officers and warrant officers.
Born: Shelley Beattie, American female professional bodybuilder who overcame profound hearing loss to become a Ms. Olympia competitor and a regular (as "Siren") on American Gladiators; in Santa Ana, California (committed suicide 2008)
Died: Henry J. Kaiser, 85, American industrialist and founder of Kaiser Shipyards, Kaiser Aluminum, Kaiser Steel, Kaiser Permanente health care, Kaiser-Frazer automobile company and Kaiser Motors, as well as the Kaiser Family Foundation.

August 25, 1967 (Friday)

U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara testified before a U.S. Senate subcommittee that the bombing of North Vietnam, the policy advocated by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, would not bring about peace negotiations and that "enemy operations in the south cannot, on the basis of reports I have seen, be stopped by air bombardment".  According to a 1989 book by historian Mark Perry, the JCS Chief of Staff, General Earle Wheeler, called an emergency meeting of the chiefs of staff and the group decided that they should call a press conference for August 26 to announce their resignations, the military leaders reversed themselves the next day because it would give the appearance of a mutiny. On the other hand, General Wheeler would publicly dismiss Perry's account as untrue.
West Germany became only the fourth nation in the world to have color television broadcasting (after the U.S., Canada and the UK). Foreign Minister and future Chancellor Willy Brandt pressed a button to inaugurate the network service at the 25th annual Great German Expedition.
Representatives of the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union signed an agreement to establish a hotline between the two nations.
In the Huánuco Region of Peru, 38 people were killed and 28 injured while riding in the back of a freight truck that was serving as a bus. The crowded truck was about 22 miles away from its destination of Cerro de Pasco when in failed to round a steep mountain curve and plunged down a  embankment.
Field Marshal Abdel Hakim Amer, who had commanded the armed forces of Egypt during the Six-Day War and was fired after the defeat by Israel, was arrested along with 50 other senior officers and civilians and charged with plotting to overthrow President Nasser. Marshal Amer would die on September 14 while under house arrest, in what was reported to be a suicide. Shams Badran, who had been dismissed as Defense Minister in the aftermath of the war, would be arrested later and, like Marshal Amer, charged with "attempting to stage a military comeback" in the recovery of his former job.
The government of Israel opened the Golan Heights, captured nearly three months earlier from Syria, to civilian settlers.
The South American nation of Paraguay promulgated a new Constitution that restored the bicameral legislature that had existed prior to 1940, when the Senate of Paraguay had been abolished.  The Senate became the upper chamber of the new National Congress, while the existing Chamber of Representatives was renamed the Chamber of Deputies.  The new Constitution also granted official recognition, for the first time, to the Guarani language, joining Spanish as a national language.
Born: Dr. Eckart von Hirschhausen, German physician and comedian; in Frankfurt, West Germany
Died:
George Lincoln Rockwell, 49, "Fuehrer" of the American Nazi Party, was shot and killed by a sniper while leaving the Dominion Hills Shopping Center at 6015 Wilson Boulevard in Arlington, Virginia, near the party's headquarters. Rockwell had gone to the Econowash, a coin-operated laundry, and was backing his 1958 Chevrolet out of a parking space when two bullets came through the windshield and struck him in the chest.  The sniper was John Patler, whom Rockwell had fired a few months earlier. Patler would be convicted of the murder in December and would be sentenced to 20 years in prison, but would be paroled in 1975.
Lam Bun, 37, Hong Kong radio commentator, was murdered after criticizing leftist demonstrators during the Hong Kong riots, by being burned alive in his car
Paul Muni, 71, American stage and film actor
Stanley Bruce, 84, Prime Minister of Australia from 1923 to 1929

August 26, 1967 (Saturday)

Tunisia's President Habib Bourguiba broke with the leaders of other Arab nations and said that they should recognize the legitimacy of the nation of Israel. "It is a United Nations member and its existence is challenged only by the Arab states. In these circumstances, it is useless to continue ignoring this reality and claim to wipe Israel off the map.  In so doing, one drives himself into near total isolation."
U.S. Air Force Major George E. Day was shot down while flying a mission over North Vietnam. After being captured, he would escape from North Vietnam, be recaptured in South Vietnam by Viet Cong guerrillas, and remain a prisoner of war for five years and seven months, finally being released on March 14, 1973. On March 4, 1976, Day (promoted to Colonel) would be awarded the Medal of Honor. The citation would note that "His personal bravery in the face of deadly enemy pressure was significant in saving the lives of fellow aviators who were still flying against the enemy."
Antonín Novotný, the President of Czechoslovakia and the First Secretary of the nation's Communist Party, had a controversial visit to the cultural institution in the city of Martin, located in the Slovak part of the Eastern European nation. Novotný, an ethnic Czech, got angry after the institution's director asked him for permission to collect Slovak books and newspapers published abroad, and accused the director of "Slovak bourgeois nationalism", then left the building and refused to accept presents that had been prepared for his visit. The incident would lead to a large group of the Party's Presidium leaders to decide that Novotný needed to be removed from leadership, which would happen in January.
Thirty-five passengers were killed and 28 seriously injured in Peru when their bus fell off of a road about 250 miles east of Lima.

August 27, 1967 (Sunday)
Fifteen experienced skydivers were drowned after jumping from an airplane that was 10 miles away from its intended target. The group had taken off from Wakeman, Ohio, in a B-25 airplane, and had jumped without realizing that they were parachuting into Lake Erie rather than a field in Huron, Ohio.
Electronic Video Recording (EVR), a high quality, film-based video format, was announced by CBS Laboratories in a press release, with a goal of being marketed worldwide "in late 1969 or early 1970". The system used a 7-inch wide film cartridge that could provide "an hour of black-and-white visual material or a half-hour of color programming" and that would have retailed for as little as seven dollars, "a fraction of the cost of today's magnetic tape recording widely employed in commercial TV", and could be seen with the aid of a "playback machine [that] could be put on top of a TV set and connected to the antenna terminals of one or a dozen receivers". The machine, "roughly the size of a kitchen bread box" would have an initial manufacturing cost of $285 before markup for retail sale. Although the EVR player could not be used for recording, its resolution was high enough that its individual book pages could be read clearly in freeze frame. "The contents of a 24-volume encyclopedia could be recorded on a cartridge," the release noted, "with an index lever enabling the viewer to pick out the particular reference material he required."
The British Army began the final withdrawal of its troops from Aden.
 Died:
Brian Epstein, 32, manager of The Beatles, died of an overdose of barbiturates.
Sir Paul Dukes, 78, British MI-6 officer known as "The Man with a Hundred Faces" for his disguises and alternative identities while infiltrating the Communist Party during his espionage in Russia.

August 28, 1967 (Monday)
British Prime Minister Harold Wilson took personal control of the Department of Economic Affairs, removing Michael Stewart as Secretary and replacing him with Peter Shore, who would serve in an advisory role. and shifting 20 other Department officials to new jobs.
A new law took effect in Texas making it a criminal offense to hunt the Texas horned toad (actually a lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum) or to trap it for commercial purposes.

August 29, 1967 (Tuesday)
The final episode of The Fugitive aired on ABC. It was seen by an estimated 78 million viewers, the largest audience for a single TV series episode in U.S. television history up to that time, a record that would not be broken until November 21, 1980 with the broadcast of an episode of the TV drama Dallas.
The Arab Summit opened at Khartoum, and was attended by representatives of most of the Arab nations with the exception of Syria.  On the first day, the oil-producing members voted to lift an embargo against exports to the United States and the United Kingdom.  The bar had been imposed less than three months earlier following the outbreak of the Six-Day War with Israel.
Former child actress Shirley Temple, now Shirley Temple Black, announced her candidacy for U.S. Congress as representative of California's 11th District.
The government of East Germany began the process of painting the Berlin Wall white.  West Berlin police speculated that the purpose was to make it easier for border guards to spot people attempting to flee East Berlin at nighttime.
Born:
Neil Gorsuch, U.S. Supreme Court Justice; in Denver
Anton Newcombe, American singer-songwriter; in Newport Beach, California

August 30, 1967 (Wednesday)

By a vote of 69 to 11 in the United States Senate, Thurgood Marshall was confirmed as the first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court.  Ten of the eleven votes against him came from the southern states, joined by Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia.  On the other hand, six U.S. Senators from the Deep South — James Fulbright of Arkansas, William Spong of Virginia, and both from Tennessee (Howard Baker and Albert Gore) and from Texas (John Tower and Ralph Yarborough) — voted in his favor.  Marshall's confirmation had taken 78 days to be completed, nearly three times as long as any other appointee by President Johnson to the High Court; during hearings before the Senate Judiciary Committee, he endured questioning from U.S. Senator Strom Thurmond that would be compared by Time magazine as being similar "to a white registrar administering a literacy test designed to confound even the best-educated Negro", a strategy which "made it more unlikely that any serious Senator would want to question him seriously."    Marshall would be sworn into office on September 1 and would take his seat on the bench on October 2.
Died: Ad Reinhardt, 53, American abstract painter

August 31, 1967 (Thursday)
Meeting at Khartoum in the Sudan during the Arab League summit, President Gamel Abdel Nasser of Egypt agreed to withdraw its troops from further participation in the War in Yemen in return for a ceasefire with Saudi Arabia, agreed to by King Faisal.
Died:
Tamara Bunke a/k/a Tania, 29, Argentine-born member of Che Guevara's Cuban guerrilla forces in the Bolivian Insurgency, was killed in an ambush by the Bolivian Army, along with eight of her comrades in arms.  Tania, celebrated in Cuba as a revolutionary hero, was shot while wading across the Vado del Yeso, a ford across the Bolivia's Río Grande in the Vallegrande Province.  The group had been betrayed by a local resident, Honorato Rosas, who accepted a fee in return for being guided to the crossing.  Her burial site would be discovered in September 1988 outside of the town of Vallegrande and is now interred in a monument at Santa Clara, Cuba.
Ilya Ehrenburg, 76, Soviet journalist and author

References

1967
*1967-08
*1967-08


Coralliophila flava

Coralliophila flava is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

References

flava
Category:Gastropods described in 1985


Treehouse of Horror XXII

"Treehouse of Horror XXII" is the third episode of the twenty-third season and the twenty-second Halloween episode of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 30, 2011. The episode is part of the Treehouse of Horror series, which is an episode divided into three separate stories and an opening that is a parody of scary or Halloween themed stories. This episode's stories were primarily spoofs of the French film The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, the television series Dexter, and the American film Avatar. The opening was a parody of the autobiographical film 127 Hours, in which the subject Aron Ralston loses an arm.

The episode was written by Carolyn Omine, directed by Matthew Faughnan, and featured guest voices from Aron Ralston and Jackie Mason. In its original American broadcast, it was viewed by approximately 8.1 million people. The critical reception was very diverse, ranging from a plea to end the show to a statement that the show is on top of its game and should not be cancelled. The episode featured a reference to the Broadway musical Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark. After watching the show, the producers of the musical released a press statement in which they told how flattered they were when their show was mentioned on The Simpsons.

Plot

Opening
When Bart, Lisa and Maggie come home with their Halloween candy hauls, Marge confiscates all of it to donate to the army. Homer instead runs off with the bag to eat its contents in privacy at a canyon cliff. Unfortunately, Homer trips and falls to the bottom of the canyon with his arm pinned. Fueled by his need to get the out-of-reach bag of candy, and rather than wait twenty minutes for help, Homer chews off his arm. Then he chews off the one that was actually pinned, Homer learns that he was carrying a bag of vegetables, as Bart, Lisa and Maggie had secretly stolen back the candy, inciting a dismayed Homer to scream in rage. Throughout this story with Bart, Lisa and Maggie eating the Candy.

The Diving Bell and the Butterball
In a parody of The Diving Bell and the Butterfly and Spider-Man, Homer begins to decorate the house for Halloween and is reaching for a decoration in a box. Unfortunately, there is a real Black Widow spider in the box and when Homer grabs what he thinks is a plastic spider, he is bitten by it. The bite leaves Homer paralyzed and unable to speak. When Lisa reads for him, she discovers that he can communicate through farting. The Simpson family is amazed at the result and Lisa helps Homer tell Marge how he feels about her. When he is again bitten by another spider (a radioactive one this time), he gains the ability to shoot spider webs out of his rear end and have the same abilities as Spider-Man, though he is still unable to move or talk.

Dial D for Diddily
In a parody of Dexter, after hearing a voice that he thinks is God telling him to murder people, Ned Flanders becomes a serial killing vigilante, targeting characters who are Homer's enemies. When Flanders discovers that Homer is the one who has been duping him into committing murder (by way of a Bible-shaped receiver), Homer argues that God does not exist and starts burning Ned's bible, only to be stopped and strangled to death by God Himself. Marge begs God to reverse everything that has happened, but God tells her that Satan is the one who is running the world. When Flanders thinks that this scenario cannot get any worse, it is revealed that Satan is sleeping with Ned's deceased wife, Maude.

In the Na'vi
In a parody of Avatar, taking place in the future, Krusty the Clown sends the military force to the planet Rigel 7 to find the a sacred extract Hilarrium, so he can easily entertain his Nazi audience. The military recruits Bart and Milhouse to befriend the alien race in avatar bodies. They succeed in this and Bart ends up getting Kang's daughter pregnant after falling in love with her. They learn that the extract Hilarrium, which is excreted by their queen, is primarily used by the natives to reduce the mood swings of pregnant women. Milhouse then contacts the military of their location, which then attacks the natives. In the battle, the natives are helped by all the animals of the planet, which eventually defeats the military. Kang and Kodos then admit that they would have just given the Hilarrium to the humans.

Ending
At the end, Carol of the Bells (from Home Alone) is played as all of the characters that appeared say various things about Christmas, such as Marge saying that making a sweater  causes 27 people to lose their jobs. At the very end, Grampa Simpson shows up in a black tutu, asking when the Black Swan comes up, and everyone wonders when the Black Swan will come.

Production

"Treehouse of Horror XXII" was written by Carolyn Omine and directed by Matthew Faughnan.
The episode is part of the Treehouse of Horror series, which since the second season, has been a tradition for The Simpsons to air a new Halloween special each year. Treehouse of Horror episodes typically consist of four parts: an opening and Halloween-themed version of the credits, followed by three segments. These segments usually have a horror, science fiction or fantasy theme and quite often are parodies of films, novels, plays, television shows, Twilight Zone episodes, or old issues of EC Comics. The episode featured guest appearances from Jackie Mason and Aron Ralston, who was the subject of the film 127 Hours. Mason has a recurring role on The Simpsons as Rabbi Hyman Krustofski, who is the father of Krusty the Clown. As it is tradition with most Treehouse of Horror episodes, this episode featured the use of "scary" names in the credits, which is to write alternate names for cast and crew in a "scary" fashion. Ralston came up with his own scary name for the credits, which was Aron "I gave my right arm to be on 'The Simpsons'" Ralstump.

The episode marks the first time of all the Treehouse of Horror episodes that an actual theremin was used for music cues. Previously, the show had trouble locating a theremin player, who could work under the time constraints of the show. Instead, the show used a synthesizer keyboard to play a theremin sample - much to creator Matt Groening's displeasure. The situation turned when a scene in "Homer Scissorhands" was written to feature Milhouse playing the theremin. Now the crew had to find a suitable theremin player and Charles Richard Lester was hired for that episode as well as "Treehouse of Horror XXII".

The opening segment had many parodies and references to films. When the segment opens, the Simpson family is dressed up for Halloween. Here Maggie pops out of Bart's astronaut suit, dressed as a baby alien, which is a reference to the 1979 film Alien. Homer is dressed as Doctor Manhattan from the 2009 superhero film Watchmen. During the middle, there is a spoof of the 1960 film Psycho, as the same music and similar scenes are used (E.G: Reverend Lovejoy eyeing Homer in his car. In the end of the segment, it turns into a spoof of the 2010 film 127 Hours, in which Ralston loses his arm after being trapped under a rock. Ralston voiced the 911 dispatcher Homer calls when he is trapped.

"The Diving Bell and the Butterball" was a satire of the 2007 French film The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, in which a paralyzed man learns to communicate through moving his eyelids. Instead of moving his eyelids, Homer communicated through flatulence. The segment took off in different direction when Homer was bitten by another spider and turned into a paralyzed Spider-Man with reversed colors, swinging around Springfield and fighting crime. The last part references the Spider-Man musical, Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark that was plagued by stage malfunctions and sometimes left its performers to dangle in mid-air. The many accidents caused five people to become injured while working on the musical.

The last two segments were also parodies of popular culture. "Dial D for Diddily" featured various references to the television series, Dexter, the titular character whom Ned Flanders is supposed to represent when he goes on a killing spree. The music in the segment is the original music from the main title theme of Dexter by Rolfe Kent, although the title references Dial M for Murder. Two of the targets, Patty and Selma Bouvier, were killed in a similar fashion to the style of Wile E. Coyote. "In the Na'vi" was a parody of the 2009 film Avatar. In the end, Kang and Kodos mentions that "there is no word for ‘yours’ or ‘mine.’", which is why they do not enjoy the 1968 film Yours, Mine and Ours (or the 2005 remake).

Release

Broadcast
"Treehouse of Horror XXII" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 30, 2011, the night before Halloween. The release date was unusual for a Treehouse of Horror episode, because ever since Fox got the rights to the Major League Baseball playoffs, most of the Halloween specials aired in the first week of November. This only marks the second time Fox has aired a Treehouse of Horror episode in October since 1999 – in 2009 it aired nearly two weeks before Halloween. Major League Baseball decided to move the 2011 World Series earlier than the previous season so that no games would be played in November, leaving October 30 free for Fox to air "Treehouse of Horror XXII" on that date. When The Wrap asked show runner Al Jean if he was satisfied with the airing the night before Halloween, Jean said: "Yes, and the perfect thing is, Halloween is actually a bad day to air it, because nobody watches TV that night. Especially if they have kids. So October 30th, it is our Halloween. People can watch it and then still go out the next night." Since then, every Treehouse of Horror episode following "Treehouse of Horror XXII" has aired during the month of October.

The episode was watched by approximately 8.10 million people during the first broadcast. The show received a 4.0 Nielsen rating in the demographic for adults aged 18–49 and a ten percent share of the audience, which was a 33 percent increase from the previous episode "Bart Stops to Smell the Roosevelts". The Simpsons became the highest-rated program in Fox's Animation Domination lineup that night both in terms of viewers and in the 18–49 demographic. It finished before Family Guy, The Cleveland Show and the series premiere of Allen Gregory. Besides a broadcast of a NFL Football game between the Dallas Cowboys and the Philadelphia Eagles on NBC, The Simpsons was the most watched program of the night in the 18–49 demographic. In comparison, the episode increased eight percent over the previous year's "Treehouse of Horror XXI", which had a 3.7 Nielsen rating and a nine percent share of the audience in the 18–49 demographic. For the week of October 24–30, 2011, The Simpsons finished 14th in the 18–49 demographic, fourth in the 18–34 demographic, and third among teenagers.

Critical reception
Since airing, "Treehouse of Horror XXII" has received mixed reviews from critics. Josh Harrison of Ology was positive and gave the episode a rating of seven out of ten, but commented that he preferred "episodes that feature longer, more involved storylines more than the spoof collections."  At The A.V. Club, Hayden Childs gave the episode a C+ grade, saying, "The writers seem unwilling to mock the more outrageous aspects of the movies they are sending up and settle for weakly batting at the obvious. Some of the jokes land, but none land too solidly." Meredith Woerner of io9 thought that "[t]he whole thing never quite achieved the same level of brilliance as some previous years — even though the Avatar bit was funny, we've seen so many Avatar spoofs by now that, well, it's tired. However we did get a lot of joy out of seeing Homer dressed up as Doctor Manhattan and Maggie as a wee-little chest burster." Even more critical was CraveOnline's Blair Marnell who gave the episode a rating of three out of ten. He commented that "there is no stronger argument for ending 'The Simpsons' than the latest Halloween installment of 'Treehouse of Horror'" and further said that "in all honesty, it's amazing how tame 'The Simpsons' has become over the years. This show used to be the 'South Park' of its day. Now it's just showing its age and it's no longer the cool TV rebel that it used to be." Alex Strachan had the opposite reaction in a review in Calgary Herald and concluded that we should "[f]orget all that talk about The Simpsons being past its prime. Based on tonight's sharp-eyed, keen-witted Treehouse of Horror XXII - funnier, faster and more fright-worthy than last year's dud, thankfully - there's a lot of ink left in the old ink pot yet."

The first segment, "The Diving Bell and the Butterball", was met with mixed reactions. Marnell called the parody "wildly unfunny", while Childs was critical of Homer turning into a paralyzed Spider-Man and stated that it was "simply not very funny." Tim Surette of TV.com was more ambivalent and said: "I found this sketch to be simultaneously awesome and terrible because I have the maturity of a 6-year old and the intelligence of an average man." The reference to the Broadway musical Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark was noticed by the producers of the musical. They  reacted by issuing a statement the following day: "Everyone at 'Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark' was extremely flattered by last night’s tribute on 'The Simpsons.' 'The Simpsons' is an iconic American institution, and being part of last night's episode was an honor and dream come true." Coincidentally, the previous aired episode of South Park, "Broadway Bro Down", also had a reference to the musical, but the spokesperson for the Broadway show did not want to comment on that episode. Vulture ranked it the worst "Treehouse of Horror" segment ever, stating, "From stale parodies to uncalled-for fart jokes (Homer can only communicate through flatulence; he also shoots spider webs out of his butt), 'Diving Bell' is the worst Treehouse yet."

The response for "Dial D for Diddly" was that it started well, but then gradually declined. In Marnell's opinion, "[t]he best segment of the entire episode comes when Ned makes his normal routine look sinister and yet when he finally closes his hands to pray, he's actually holding a pair of severed hands", but as for the rest of the segment, he is disappointed: "[W]hen it seems like the short is heading for some darkly hilarious territory, the voice of God turns out to be Homer urging Ned to murder his enemies." Other reviewers agreed with his assessment. Surette concluded that the episode "[s]tarted off good, but got boring very quick." Likewise, Childs commented that the "segment had a lot of promise for the funny, but it started to sag fast and then sank altogether."

Much of the criticism towards the Avatar spoof "In the Na'Vi" goes towards the timing of the episode. Surette thought that it was "[a]n Avatar spoof that came about two years too late. This sketch had no redeeming qualities and should be erased from the minds of all Simpsons fans immediately." Similarly, Marnell commented that in the episode "The Simpsons' finally gets around to parodying 'Avatar' — a movie picked to death by 'South Park' and other series a year or two ago" and further elaborated that "[i]t's almost a straight forward retelling of 'Avatar' without the biting satire that made the film parodies of previous years so much fun." In general, Treehouse of Horror episodes take about a year to complete for the staff. This is because they have to do many original designs, such as characters and backgrounds. Prior to the airing of the episode, Jean revealed that the staff was already working on "Treehouse of Horror XXIII".

At the 39th Annual Annie Awards, Omine won the "Writing in a Television Production" category for her work on "Treehouse of Horror XXII".

References

External links

"Treehouse of Horror XXII" at The Simpsons.com

Category:2011 American television episodes
Category:The Simpsons (season 23) episodes
Category:Treehouse of Horror (series)
Category:Halloween television episodes
Category:Avatar (franchise)
Category:The Devil in fiction
Category:Television episodes about serial killers
Category:Parody television episodes


Labruyère, Côte-d'Or

Labruyère  is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Côte-d'Or department

References
INSEE

Category:Communes of Côte-d'Or


Andrey Shtygel

Andrey Shtygel (; ; born 22 June 1994) is a Belarusian professional football player. As of 2019, he plays for Naftan Novopolotsk.

References

External links

Category:1994 births
Category:Living people
Category:Belarusian footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:FC Dinamo Minsk players
Category:FC Neman Grodno players
Category:FC Lida players
Category:FC Naftan Novopolotsk players
Category:FC Gomel players


Frogtown Creek

Frogtown Creek is a stream in Lumpkin County, Georgia, in the United States.

Frogtown is the figurative English translation of the Cherokee language name, which literally means "frog place". An Indian village once stood near the creek's bank.

See also
List of rivers of Georgia (U.S. state)

References

Category:Rivers of Lumpkin County, Georgia
Category:Rivers of Georgia (U.S. state)


Florence Kopleff

Florence Kopleff (May 2, 1924 – July 24, 2012)  was an American contralto.

She was born in New York City, and died in Atlanta, GA of complications of diabetes.

She began her career in 1941 when she was in her senior year of high school. In 1954 the New York Times termed her performance at New York's Town Hall "a debut recital of considerable distinction," and further stated that "Her voice is a large, powerful instrument with a wonderful ringing sonority, evenly produced over a wide range."  She was very active as a concert and oratorio singer, appearing and recording with many of the great conductors of her era, particularly as a soloist with the Robert Shaw Chorale. She was also a frequent soloist with the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, of which Robert Shaw was the conductor. Time magazine once called her the "greatest living alto."

She taught at Georgia State University starting in 1968, when she became a professor and the school's first artist-in-residence. The GSU School of Music's recital hall is named for her.

Sources

This article is based on interviews with Florence Kopleff.

Recordings
Bach: Mass in B minor with Robert Shaw, RCA Victor, Grammy winner, 1961
Beethoven: 9th Symphony with Fritz Reiner, RCA Victor
Berlioz: L'Enfance du Christ, with Charles Münch, RCA Victor (now available in a multi-album reissue set Munch Conducts Berlioz) A 1966 video of a live performance, also conducted by Munch, has been issued as Video Artists Int'l DVD, Catalog #4303.
Mahler: Symphony No. 2 with Maurice Abravanel, Vanguard
Handel: Messiah with Robert Shaw, RCA Victor, Grammy winner, 1967
[Handel] Israel in Egypt (oratorio), with Musica Aeterna, cond. Frederic Waldman

References

Biography on Bach Cantata Web site

Category:American female singers
Category:Operatic contraltos
Category:1924 births
Category:2012 deaths


Richardson Township

Richardson Township may refer to:

 Richardson Township, Randolph County, Arkansas, in Randolph County, Arkansas
 Richardson Township, Morrison County, Minnesota
 Richardson Township, Butler County, Nebraska

Category:Township name disambiguation pages


Likkutei Sichos

Likkutei Sichos, literally, "Collected Talks" () contains both the scope and the core of the teachings of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, and is the most authoritative source text for the Rebbe's unique, original, and often revolutionary explanation of Judaism.

Likkutei Sichos covers a range of topics including ideas in Jewish philosophy and theology, biblical and Talmudic commentary on biblical, kabbalistic expositions, moral and practical directives, and perspectives on world events. The essays were transcribed from the public talks given by Rabbi Schneerson and are compiled in over three dozen volumes, arranged by the weekly Torah portion and special occasions in the Jewish and Hasidic calendar.

Likkutei Sichos contains both the scope and the core of the Lubavitcher Rebbe’s teachings, and is the most authoritative sorce text for the Rebbe's unique, original, and often revolutionary explanation of Judaism. Rabbi Schneerson's primary vehicle for conveying his teachings were the farbrengens held on Shabbat, the festivals, and special occasions in the Chabad Lubavitch calendar,  at which he would speak for many hours.

Of the many of thousands of talks that Schneerson delivered, those that were the most basic to his weltanschauung and message were compiled in the Likkutei Sichot, which originally appeared in weekly pamphlets. He reviewed and extensively edited each of these transcriptions before it went to press, making the Likkutei Sichot the authoritative medium with which to disseminate his teachings.

The volumes of Likkutei Sichos are published by the Lubavitch Publication House Kehot Publication Society.
The edited Sichos represent much of Schneerson's central teachings, and unique spiritual voice for the generation, with other major works being the deeper, mystical Maamarim (Hasidic discourses), unedited talks, personal correspondence etc. The nature of his leadership and thought marks a culminating fulfillment of Hasidic history, representing the fullest measure of the Hasidic ideal to disseminate the "wellsprings" of Chassidus in the widest and most accessible forms, and united with the other dimensions of Judaism. The many aspects of Likkutei Sichos present the most accessible form of the Rebbe's thought, and its practical application.

Contents

Some of the volumes of Likkutei Sichos are devoted to explaining mystical Hasidic philosophy, as it explains the weekly portion of Torah, Jewish festivals, or other ideas drawn from all aspects of traditional Jewish thought. Other talks are devoted to elucidating the "Revealed" dimensions of Judaism, such as Talmudic commentary. In this category are the celebrated "Rashi Sichos" and the Hadranim talks given on the completion of learning cycles.

"Rashi Sichos"

In 1964 the Lubavitcher Rebbe began his delivery of some 800 public talks over a period of over 25 years on the subject of Rashi’s commentary to the Torah. The Medieval, French Rashi is among the most important traditional Jewish commentator on the books of the Torah, and the many volumes of Talmud. His commentary on the 5 Books of the Torah elucidates the simple meaning (p'shat), with some additional meanings from the Midrashic method, which initially appear to be utilised when the simple meaning still leaves questions.

The essential nature of Rashi's explanations on the Torah has historically drawn many sub-commentaries from leading Rabbis, who explain why Rashi says what he does. It can be said that the Lubavitcher Rebbe's Rashi Sichos perhaps represent his personally most innovative contribution to Jewish thought, out of a complete mastery and innovative teaching in all areas of Judaism. In the Rashi Sichos, Schneerson brings a new approach, that initially cites all previous sub-commentaries from earlier authorities, and then proceeds to explain why each of them falls short. Often these earlier explanations rely on Talmudic thought. He elucidates a deceptively simple explanation of Rashi that he often culminates by additionally relating his conclusions to their spiritual, mystical parallels, and practical outcomes.

In each talk, the Rebbe would offer a novel interpretation of one of Rashi’s comments, based on principles which Rashi had apparently followed when writing his entire commentary. Each lecture of the Rebbe built on the previous one, gradually assembling a picture of Rashi’s commentary as an extremely organized, unified system of Torah exegesis.

Many who were present at these lectures at their inception in the late sixties and early seventies, recall how the “Rashi talk” was literally the highlight of the entire Sabbath afternoon gathering.

While all of the talks were published immediately in transcript form (almost word for word), many hundreds of them underwent a thorough review by the Rebbe who re-analyzed the arguments according to strict academic criteria and reconstructed the talk as a scholarly paper, supported by numerous footnotes. According to the testimony of one of his personal assistants, the Rebbe would often dedicate as much as 18 hours a week to this task.

Style

It can be said that in all of Schneerson's many-dimensional scholarship, he captures the simple essence of Hasidic mysticism, and unites it with the Revealed aspects of Judaism, always seeking to bring ideas into greatest tangibility, and above all practical outcomes ("The main thing is the deed"). This reflects the essential meaning of Hasidism, which uncovers the inner spiritual meaning of Kabbalah, and seeks to bring this Divine essence down to the lowest levels. The talks represent this, as in contrast to the Maamarim (Hasidic discourses), the historically more traditional vehicle for Hasidic mysticism, in the informal Sichos (Talks), the Rebbe tends to avoid deep Kabbalistic terminology. The talks bring Hasidic thought into everyday language. This represents a culminating stage to the historical development of Hasidic thought.

Publication
Likkutei Sichos was published by (the Vaad Lhafotzas Sichos through) the main Chabad publishing house, Kehot Publication Society. The work is organized according to the weekly Torah reading (Parshah) and the Jewish calendar.

Likkutei Sichos is an anthology of Rabbi Schneerson's public talks; the speeches were transcribed by redactors (meinichim) prior to publication. These redactors also served as "choizrim" in the event the talk could not be recorded electronically or (such as on Shabbat and festivals when writing and recording is forbidden under Jewish law). The redactors' transcripts were then submitted to Rabbi Schneerson for editing prior to publishing.

Farbrengens were sometimes delivered on weekdays in order to mark occasions like Chasidic festivals. These were at first available directly around the world by phone-link, and in later years, broadcast across America on live television channels. They were then put in writing, like the talks delivered on Shabbos. After being edited personally by Schneerson, they were distributed in booklet form worldwide. They were later compiled into books, of which there is a set of 39 volumes. Vols. 1-9 are in Yiddish; vols. 10-14, in Hebrew; vols. 15-29 are in Yiddish; and vols. 30-39, in Hebrew.

In particular, Reb Yoel Kahn is noteworthy for having prepared the first nine volumes of Likkutei Sichos.

Other talks were released as unedited talks, and included in the series Toras Menachem - Hisva'aduyos (Lahak Hanochos,1982 and on) and the series Sichos Kodesh (various publishers).

English editions
Likkutei Sichos was first translated into the English language in 1979. The work received editorial input from Rabbi Menachem Mendel. The translated work is currently published by the Sichos in English publishing house and is translated by Eliyahu Touger.

A single volume of collected talks in English was written by Rabbi Dr. Jonathan Sacks, former Chief Rabbi of England. The volume is titled Torah Studies.

An English Translation of selected "Rashi Sichos" was published by Kehot Publication Society, titled "Studies In Rashi". As of now, three volumes have been published.

Further reading
 In English the first four volumes of Likkutei Sichos have been translated and published by Kehot, though they presently appear to be out of print. There are many English books, available through Kehot, that summarise main ideas and discussions from Likkutei Sichos, but often the great qualities of the many threads of thought are diminished thereby, although these compilations can gain in accessibility and application. For alternative compilations drawn from the Sichos, see the English section of Kehot Publication Society online, under the heading of Rebbes: The Lubavitcher Rebbe (seventh Rebbe). Some of the many works on this list are drawn from Likkutei Sichos.
 For those seeking a scholarly investigation of the nature of Schneerson's talks, a doctoral thesis is presented on them, originally published by Jason Aronson (now subsumed into Rowman & Littlefield publishers) as "The Educational Teachings of Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson", by Aryeh Solomon (and Louis David Solomon).
 Sichos are contrasted with the deeper mystical format of the Maamarim (Chassidic discourses) that utilise more Kabbalistic terminology. An accessible example of them is published by Kehot Publication Society as "Basi LeGani: Chassidic Discourses" (translated into English by Eliyahu Touger). This contains the last discourse of the sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe from 1950, and the first discourse of the 7th Rebbe from 1951, with which he assumed leadership. Both begin with the quotation from the Biblical Song of Songs "Basi legani.." ("I [have] come into My garden.."). The last discourse of the sixth Rebbe is seen by his successor to allude to his message for the subsequent generation. The first discourse of the seventh Rebbe directly addresses the spiritual meaning and task of our generation.

References

External links
Likkutei Sichos
Likkutei Sichos In EnglishTorah Studies - an selection from Likkutei Sichos'' adapted by Rabbi Dr. Jonathan Sacks

Category:Chabad-Lubavitch (Hasidic dynasty)
Category:Chabad-Lubavitch texts
Category:Jewish mystical texts
Category:Jewish philosophical and ethical texts
Category:Books by Menachem Mendel Schneerson


Jyoti Singh

Jyoti Singh is a US-based actress of Indian origin. She is also the director of Yadvi - The Dignified Princess, a biopic on Maharani Yaduvanshi Kumari, the daughter of Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala.

Early life
Jyoti Singh lived with her grandmother, Maharani Yaduvansh Kumari, till she was 13 years old. After that, she along with her mother and sisters moved to the United States of Americam.

Career
After working as an actress for close to a decade, Jyoti Singh turned a director with Yadvi the Dignified Princess, which went on to be screened at numerous film festivals across the world.

The film got positive to mixed reviews across board.

As an actress Jyoti has worked on NBC mini series The Slap and the Bollywood movie Mirror Game.

References

External links

Category:Living people
Category:Actresses from Uttarakhand
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)


River Usk

The River Usk (; ) rises on the northern slopes of the Black Mountain (y Mynydd Du), Wales, in the westernmost part of the Brecon Beacons National Park. Initially forming the boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys, it flows north into Usk Reservoir, then east by Sennybridge to Brecon before turning southeast to flow by Talybont-on-Usk, Crickhowell and Abergavenny after which it takes a more southerly course.

Beyond the eponymous town of Usk it passes the Roman legionary fortress of Caerleon to flow through the heart of the city of Newport and into the Severn estuary at Uskmouth beyond Newport at Newport Wetlands.

The Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal follows the Usk for most of the length of the canal.

Etymology
The name of the river derives from a Common Brittonic word meaning "abounding in fish" (or possibly "water"), this root also appears in other British river names such as Exe, Axe, Esk and other variants. The name is cognate with pysg (plural of pysgod), the Welsh word for fish, borrowed from Latin piscis.

The name of the river appears as "Wÿsk" on the Cambriae Typus map of 1573.

Environmental significance
The whole river has been designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest. It contains estuary with mudflats and salt marsh, lagoons, bog and marsh, varied grassland and woodland habitats along its course. Its flora and fauna are diverse and includes Atlantic salmon, otters, twait shad, shad, lamprey, European perch, brown trout, chub, common dace and common roach as well as kingfishers, herons and other wildfowl and bird life. Dippers can be seen upriver along with red kites in the river's valley upstream from around the town of Usk.

The Usk has long been a noted salmon and trout fishing river. Salmon of over  may still be caught. The river has the highest estimated salmon egg deposition of any river south of Cumbria and the Scottish rivers, and exceeded its spawning target. The river has recently been rated as the best fly fishing water in Wales for salmon and inside the UK Top Ten.

The normal tidal limit of the river is just below the bridge at Newbridge-on-Usk, some five miles north of Newport.

In history and legend
The River Usk has played an important role in the history of Wales and features in some local folk-tales.

Historically, the tidal reaches of the Usk have been used as a major shipping port for much of the last millennium, mostly because of its wide and deep mouth, and good navigable access from the Severn Estuary and the Bristol Channel and thence access to home waters and further overseas.

Evidence of the Usk's long-standing use in transport and trade came in the form of the remains of the Newport Ship that were discovered in 2002. This ship, dated to around 1465, was most likely a trading vessel and may have sailed around Europe or even beyond in its lifetime. Its presence in the Usk has confirmed what an important trading route the Usk must have been to the many towns and villages along its course.

The Usk has also played a role in many local legends. The Medieval Latin text De Ortu Waluuanii recounts a humorous tale in which an incognito Gawain pushes his uncle King Arthur into the Usk, and is then forced to explain to his wife Gwendoloena (Guinevere) why he is so wet.

Geoffrey of Monmouth writes of Caerleon in the mid 12th century:

"It is not until the 13th century French prose romances that Camelot began to supersede Caerleon, and even then, many descriptive details applied to Camelot derive from Geoffrey's earlier grand depiction of the Welsh town."

The Usk valley contains many sites of prehistorical archaeological significance and the valley has long been a trade route, settlement area and an avenue into Wales for successive invaders such as the Romans and Normans.

The Newport Transporter Bridge, the lowest crossing point on the river, has the greatest length of any surviving transporter bridge in the world.

See also
List of rivers of Wales
Usk Valley Walk
List of bridges in Wales

References

External links
 The Usk Valley Walk - photos
 A trophy salmon from the Usk in October 1917
 Canoe Wales website information on canoe touring the Usk

Usk
Usk
Usk
Usk
Usk
Usk
Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Brecknock
Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Monmouthshire
Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Newport
Usk


Tangirala Sowmya

Tangirala Sowmya, daughter of the late Tangirala Prabhakara Rao, won by 74,827 votes in 2014 by-elections held for Nandigama constituency being TDP candidated. By-poll necessitated following the death of her father Tangirala Prabhakara Rao due to cardiac arrest.

References

Category:Living people
Category:Members of the Andhra Pradesh Legislature, 2014–2019
Category:Telugu Desam Party politicians
Category:People from Krishna district
Category:Women in Andhra Pradesh politics
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Telugu politicians
Category:21st-century Indian women politicians
Category:21st-century Indian politicians


Epiricania hagoromo

Epiricania hagoromo is a moth in the Epipyropidae family. It was described by Katô in 1939. It is found in Japan.

References

Category:Moths described in 1939
Category:Epipyropidae


Relationship anarchy

Relationship anarchy (sometimes abbreviated RA) is the application of anarchist principles to intimate relationships.  Some especially important values include autonomy, anti-hierarchical practices, lack of state control, anti-normativity, and community interdependence.  RA can be considered a type of non-monogamy, but moreso is explicitly anti-monogamy.  This anti-monogamy is distinct from polyamory, solo poly, and other forms of “dating” due to their reproduction of many of the same oppressive structures found within monogamy (amatonormativity, pedestalization of sex, reinforcement of hierarchies of intimacy, autonomy-limiting rules, etc.).

Misconceptions
RA is not a type of polyamory, “free love,” or an infinitely customizable relationship style. Some people mistakenly believe that “anarchy” means everyone does whatever they want, leading them to misconstrue RA as a model for relationships where anything and everything is okay, as long as everyone involved is in mutual agreement, which is a description of free love.  RA asserts such a movement only reproduces the same patterns of oppression (rules-based relating, state-sanctioned marriage contracts, amatonormativity, etc.) as polyamory and monogamy, so cannot be considered a liberatory practice.

In actuality, RA is the application of a belief system that resists all forms of ownership- and rules-based relating. This includes opposing and destroying categories of intimate relationships according to the Relationship Escalator (“friend” vs. “romantic/sexual interest” vs. “partner” vs. “spouse” as distinct levels in a hierarchy of intimacy), third-party consent (needing a “partner” to approve or consent to another person’s activities/relationships), marriage (state-sanctioned contractual relating, in which neither party can leave at will and each of two people become increasingly legally, socially, and financially bonded), and all other forms of oppression and hierarchy (racism, sexism, desirability politics, citizenship/nationality issues, capitalism, homo/trans/queerphobia, etc.). It is NOT consistent with RA, to “choose” marriage or to prioritize some intimate relationships with the title of “partner/boyfriend/girlfriend” or “primary/secondary.” These actions support harmful social norms and are ultimately destructive towards the goal of anti-oppressive relationships in community.

History
The term relationship anarchy was coined by Andie Nordgren in her 2006 essay "The short instructional manifesto for relationship anarchy" (translated by her from the original Swedish “Relationsanarki i 8 punkter”). Related themes have also been explored in Swedish masters and bachelor theses by Jacob Strandell and Ida Midnattssol.

Strategies and facilitation
 Open discussion groups
 Community values discussions
 Queer desire party: A safe, sober space for queer, transgender, lesbian, gay, bisexual, pansexual, and non-binary folks to play, flirt, scene, snuggle, chat, and NOT be the only one in the room.
 Divorce/Break-up parties
 Conflict fishbowl
 Co-Housing visioning and execution
 Custom clothes, art, signs/posters

See also
 Anarcha-feminism
 Anarchism and issues related to love and sex
 Free love within Anarchism
 Queer anarchism

References

Further reading

Denkinson, Grant. "UK Poly Mailing List Demographic Survey Results", Polytical.org, September 5, 2012
Asexual, The Thinking. “Relationship Anarchy Is Not About Sex or Polyamory.” The Thinking Aro, 21 July 2016.
Sarkisian, Natalia, and Naomi Gerstel. “Does Singlehood Isolate or Integrate? Examining the Link between Marital Status and Ties to Kin, Friends, and Neighbors.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, vol. 33, no. 3, 2015, pp. 361–384., doi:10.1177/0265407515597564.
Mariah, Juno. “Marriage: An Invasive Political Regime.” Medium, 7 June 2019.
Queers, Anonymous. “Queers Read This.” Queer Resources Directory, June 1990.
Seidman, Steven. The Social Construction of Sexuality. W.W. Norton & Company, 2015.
Reports from the RAD 2019 Unconference. Relationship Anarchy Discussions (RAD), 2019. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5bfe9674f407b4d59f22145a/t/5e4abee2a4a90257d8e4c122/1581956845482/RAD2019Zine+Updated+02.17.20.pdf

External links

Category:Anarchist culture
Category:Anarchist theory
Category:Interpersonal relationships
Category:Intimate relationships
Category:Love
Category:Polyamory
Category:Sexual fidelity
Category:Sexuality and society


Hospital San Juan de Dios

Hospital San Juan de Dios may refer to:

Hospital San Juan de Dios, Bogota, Colombia
A former hospital in Cúcuta, Colombia, now a library
Hospital San Juan de Dios, Pamplona, Colombia
, San José, Costa Rica

See also
 San Juan de Dios Hospital (Granada)
 San Juan De Dios Hospital (Philippines)
 St John of God Hospital (disambiguation)
 San Juan de Dios Hospital (Peru)


Mithapur, Pakistan

Mithapur North-West Frontier Province, now in Pakistan is located at geographical coordinates: 32° 5' 0" North, 71° 3' 0" East.

The last ruler of Mithapur was Boota Shah whose rule came to an end after the independence of Pakistan in 1947.  He was the eldest son of the Mitha Shah who was known as the "Sweet Emperor".

References

Category:Populated places in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa