P. J. Jones

Parnell Velko "P. J." Jones (born April 23, 1969) is an American professional racing driver. He has contested in multiple disciplines, including NASCAR, IndyCar, IMSA GT Championship, the American Le Mans Series, USAC, the Chili Bowl, and the Stadium Super Trucks.

Jones was runner-up at the GTP class of the IMSA GT Championship in 1993 and fourth in 1992. He also finished fourth at the 2002 NASCAR Winston Cup Series race at Watkins Glen, and second at the 1999 CART race at Nazareth. His father is Indianapolis 500 winner Parnelli Jones, his brother is Page Jones, a former racing driver, and one of his sons, Jagger Jones, currently races in the ARCA Menards Series West.

Racing career

Early career and 1980s
Jones' preliminary efforts in racing were, in a fashion not atypical for young drivers, focused on go-karting. Upon graduation from his introductory-level competitions, Jones began to enter the oval races at Ascot Park, much as his father did decades prior. Accumulating experience and accolades, Jones would progress vertically to United States Auto Club-sanctioned events. From numerous choices within the USAC governing body's expansive portfolio of open-wheel divisions, Jones opted to participate in the West Coast Midget category. 1986's racing season saw Jones earn the rookie of the year title in that class as the then-young driver began a quest to surpass his father in auto racing accomplishments; he had, by virtue of being a high school junior, already overtaken Parnelli in academic achievement.

As Jones continued to craft a reputation as the future of motorsport in USAC, he began to dabble in IMSA GT, foreshadowing the dawn of his career's peak, which would take place, at least in part, in the GTP classification within the series. At this stage, Jones was participating in the GTO and GTU classes with Clayton-Cunningham Racing and their stable of Mazda RX-7 vehicles. A partial season in both GTO and GTU left Jones just fourteenth and twenty-seventh in the respective standings.  Low rankings, however, would not overshadow Jones' ability in the rotary-engined racing car; instead, 1988 was highlighted by a podium finish in one of the GTU races.

In 1988, Jones also scored victory in a world championship sprint car race which transpired in Auckland, proving that his talents transcended both the scope of pavement racing and the borders of the United States of America.

The decade would not close without another racing reconnaissance from P.J. Jones; in this instance, he was surveying the American Racing Series with its turbocharged Buick formula cars. This series encompassed elements from both midget racing and sports car racing, serving as a fusion of lessons Jones had learned in his prior experience. Masterful in applying the skills he had developed as a youth, Jones triumphed on the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course as he scored a victory to crown a season's efforts which would culminate in a sixth-place final classification.

In the same year, Jones was suspended for thirty days from USAC competition after deliberately colliding with a competitor's vehicle.

1990s
Jones returned to the American Racing Series in 1990. Though with the same team, and utilizing the same March/Buick package, Jones failed to score a single race victory. An unsuccessful foray into what is now NASCAR's K&N Pro Series West and a handful of forgettable trials at the wheel of a Ford Ranger in SCCA's Racetruck Challenge rendered this year particularly difficult from a Jonesian perspective. The promise of the 1980s had now faded into an oppressive doubt that could have jeopardized a blossoming career.

Jones was not the kind of prospect to be discouraged by slow development, though, and rose from the quiet 1990 to reestablish his potential as an auto racing champion in 1991. His season began in GTP, running the 24 Hours of Daytona for Dan Gurney and his All American Racers squad, which fielded a Toyota-powered Eagle HF90 in a race that would not see the loftiest of successes. Still, for Jones to even be considered by a man as keen in motoring matters as Gurney provided a much-needed elevation in confidence level that would propel Jones through the coming year, where his focus remained on the American Racing Series.

Racing down an avenue which would take him to the season's vice-runner-up position, Jones scored two victories in twelve races, exhibiting excellence on the narrow confines of treacherous street circuits in Toronto and Denver.  Having now proven that his talents were beyond the challenges the American Racing Series could offer, Jones would never return to the championship subsequent to 1991's conclusion.

Prior to the year's end, Jones participated in an ice race, much as fellow North American racing drivers Paul Menard and Greg Moore have at various stages in their own careers.

In 1992, Jones became a full-fledged professional racing driver, now joining Gurney's team for a full season's run in IMSA GTP piloting the brand-new Eagle MkIII. Jones was outclassed by his teammate, Juan Manuel Fangio II, who had taken the series title, but such results must be qualified with recognizance of the fact that Jones was a rookie in prototype competitions and had to adapt to the powerful cars which featured astronomical amounts of downforce. Fourth in points with two wins, as Jones was by the year's end, had far exceeded any reasonable expectations one could have for a young driver in such refined machinery.

Outside of Jones' two wins on the IMSA circuit, the second-generation driver dominated the 1992 Toyota Pro/Celebrity Race in Long Beach.

All American Racers retained Jones for 1993 and swept the championship and vice-championship positions in IMSA's GTP category with P.J. trailing Fangio.  Now acclimated to the Eagle MkIII Toyota, Jones capitalized on his year's GTP experience in the season-opening 24 Hours of Daytona, which he won. The victory was shared with co-drivers Mark Dismore and Rocky Moran, father of one of Jones' future sports car teammates. As an individual, Jones excelled, erasing any doubts that he relied too heavily on his partners for success. In a measure of pure pace, Jones rewrote the track record of Lime Rock Park with a lap of 43.112 seconds. To this day, no one has ever circulated the Western Connecticut racecourse's figure as quickly.

Never afraid of a challenge and always willing to broaden his résumé, Jones participated in NASCAR Winston Cup action when such events did not conflict with his sports car exploits. Limited in stock car experience but carrying abundant levels of natural driving talent, Jones was able to qualify for the majority of races he entered (six from eleven) and collect a top ten finish at historic Watkins Glen International at the iconic No. 9 Ford's wheel. The car was furnished by the Melling Racing stable and serviced by a team of mechanics led by Harry Hyde.

It was in the stock car direction that Jones' career would turn, with oval racing becoming the inclination of P.J.'s preferences even as he unofficially tested a CART engine for Toyota and Dan Gurney. The year began with the Chili Bowl, contested by both Jones brothers. Turned around early in the race, P.J. had to carve through the field; once a student of business, Jones was the professor of racecraft on that particular day, using a lower line than his competitors. As Page led the race, P.J. assumed second, and began to apply pressure on his younger brother as the crowd cheered for the third-place runner, Oklahoma's Andy Hillenburg. When lapped traffic, which included noted driver Ken Schrader, became involved in an incident directly in the paths of the leading cars, both Page and P.J. were eliminated from contention in the indoor midget race. P.J. was classified in the ninth spot.

Jones would contest many other midget races in 1994, often with his brother. In the USAC Silver Crown Series event on the IRP facility, P.J. would score a respectable second-place finish behind Mike Bliss, then the dominant driver on that particular circuit, after starting from the pole position.

Stock cars were, once again, on Jones' agenda, as well, and the Californian found himself in a number of NASCAR-branded divisions. Finding no success at the Winston Cup level in this season, Jones also turned to the Winston West series, where he won his first stock car race on the Phoenix International Raceway.  This event was a combined race between the two aforementioned NASCAR tours; Jones was classified in twenty-ninth overall driving for the Ultra Motorsports team with which he would enjoy later success.

NASCAR had also established a SuperTruck division, which was set to begin in 1995. Jones was a pioneer in that series, contesting the exhibition races in 1994 and into the following year. Racing seven times for Scoop Vessels, Jones picked up two victories (in Mesa Marin and again in Phoenix) which were underscored by a further pair of second-place finishes and another two third-place results. His seventh race ended outside of the top ten.

Jones secured the ride for 1995, as the original driver (his brother, Page) was recovering from injuries sustained in a midget crash. In official Truck Series running, Jones was less successful, faltering from a position of favor to that of a journeyman, scoring just two top ten finishes in thirteenth starts. After being released from the team, Jones renewed his desire to compete in Indy-style racers and continued to work on the Toyota CART project as he began an eight-year absence from NASCAR's Truck division.

As 1996 began, Jones was prepared for redemption, and found some in the Chili Bowl. In this edition, he would take the highest glory he ever achieved in the event: second place. It was a promising start to the newest journey on which Jones would embark.

With the Toyota engine now an official entrant in CART for 1996, Jones was hired as a driver for the All American Racers team and its Eagle MK-V Champ Car for an abbreviated season that would begin on the Milwaukee Mile, which hosted the series' seventh round. In his second CART race, Jones finished ninth, navigating the Belle Isle street course in the same way he had tackled temporary circuits in his American Racing Series days; this result earned the first points ever scored in a Toyota-powered CART special. Jones continued with this program through 1998; success was largely nonexistent, and points would only be accumulated one other time: Fontana 1997.

In 1999, Jones switched to the Patrick Racing team, abandoning one motorsport legend in Gurney to join another in Pat Patrick. The change of scenery was crucial to Jones' success, and the final year of the twentieth century would be at the height (and the conclusion) of P.J.'s time in CART. Four consecutive points-scoring finishes from Long Beach to Gateway, including a career-best runner-up result on the Nazareth Speedway marked a year that saw two other top ten classifications in Toronto and Cicero's races.

2000s
As with Scott Pruett and Robby Gordon, Jones decided to leave open-wheel racing and make a full-time switch to NASCAR, where he had spent the middle of the preceding decade. Unlike the other two former CART competitors, Jones would focus on the Busch Series rather than the premier Cup division, where he would enter just two races (one in relief of Gordon, who was participating in the rain-delayed 2000 Indianapolis 500 while the Coca-Cola 600 commenced with Jones in the cockpit of the No. 13 Burger King Ford).

Jones' season started with BACE Motorsports, a team which had won three Busch Series titles from 1995-1997. It was not to be a championship effort, however, even with a talent like Jones controlling the car styled as a Chevrolet Monte Carlo silhouette. With no results better than the twenty-fourth spot by the end of seven races, Jones was relieved of his driving duties, and relieved of the burdens that came with driving for an under-performing team.

David Ridling was impressed with Jones, and the driver would not remain a free agent for long. Without missing a single meeting of the Busch Series, Jones was in Ridling's No. 19, bettering his performances to include a seventeenth-place run on Loudon's Magic Mile and a top ten in the Watkins Glen event, a race over which Jones expressed disappointment weeks later in Nazareth, claiming in an interview on CBS with Glenn Jarrett that he and the team "should have won."

Jones would return to Watkins Glen in August for the second of his two Winston Cup races; he was quietly twenty-first for Felix Sabates and SABCO Racing as a substitute driver for Ted Musgrave, himself a replacement to the late Kenny Irwin, Jr. (against whom Jones had race in USAC).

By September, rumors were circulating that Jones could join a newly formed Galaxy Motorsports and Robert Yates Racing conglomerate for the next season.  The team never formed.

The Busch Series was a suitable home for Jones, and he returned in 2001 with Phoenix Racing, a team owned by James Finch and sponsored by Yellow Freight, the same brand featured on his Ridling car the prior year. Qualifying third for the season-starting Daytona race and scoring a best result of seventeenth on the Atlanta Motor Speedway's oval (reconfigured from when it featured an infield road course on which Jones had raced in IMSA GTP), Jones was not able to please team manager Marc Reno. He was ousted for Jimmy Spencer, significant in that Spencer would later succeed him at both Ultra Motorsports and the Arnold Development team; he would not be the last driver Phoenix would release prematurely, joined now in that category by his former midget rival Mike Bliss, among others.

With 2001's disappointment now trailing him as another car on a train of unfortunate circumstances and less-than-stellar results, Jones spent 2002 in a variety of series, including the USAC Silver Crown Series where he had found success earlier in his career. Jones parlayed this into a chance to run the Indianapolis 500-mile race with Team Menard; it was to be his Indy Racing League debut and return to top-level North American open-wheel racing after a hiatus that inaugurated on October 31, 1999. Misfortune was still inseparable from Jones, and a neck injury during May's practice runs removed him from the competitive mount; his replacement, Raul Boesel, placed the car on the front row.

Jones' relationship with Menards was not over, though; a Busch Series race at Phoenix was scheduled later in the year, and Jones contested that NASCAR sweepstakes in a Chevrolet wearing the home improvement chain's livery.

Between these events, though, was the SIRIUS Satellite Radio at the Glen, a Winston Cup bout to take place on the New York road course where Jones had vast experience and a prior top ten. A. J. Foyt selected Jones for the race, giving the figurative keys to the No. 14 Conseco Pontiac's ignition over to a driver who, like Foyt, had participated in a variety of racing disciplines. Although Jones had failed to qualify for the previous race, the Brickyard 400, in Foyt machinery, this race was to be the statistical high point of Jones' NASCAR career. Jones finished fourth, impressing with his ability to brake later than most of his competitors on the run into turn one.

Jones would be invited to return to the Foyt team in 2003, this time for the Dodge/Save Mart 350 to be held on the Sonoma Raceway. For the second time in three attempts with Foyt, Jones failed to qualify for the race, frustrating Foyt to the point that Jones would not be welcomed back to defend his top five from 2002. Instead, Jones would race a Pontiac Grand Prix for Morgan-McClure Motorsports; he finished twenty places further down the order than he had the previous year.

Nearly a decade removed from his Winston West win with Ultra Motorsports, Jones returned to the Jim Smith-captained team for the Craftsman Truck Series' season-closer. Jones has not seen the Homestead-Miami Speedway, site of this race, since his CART days; it was newly redesigned for 2003, so this was not to Jones's detriment. In the No. 27 Dodge, a special entrant that was not normally found on the rosters of Truck Series races but had been dispatched to Florida to try to help the team secure a driver's championship for Ted Musgrave, Jones scored a top ten finish, reminding the auto racing world of how strong he had once been in a racing truck.

In May 2004, Jones was finally able to make his debut in the Indianapolis 500, a race his father won in 1963. The rain-shortened race was reduced in length for all competitors, but even more so for Jones, who crashed.

Jones would be on NASCAR's sidelines until June 2004. Don Arnold was trying to establish his new team, campaigning Dodge-brand stock cars, and believed that Jones could help in this difficult process. Debuting at Pocono Raceway, Jones took a solid twenty-second place, besting even the best performance of a Daytona 500 champion like Derrike Cope, who had only managed twenty-ninth in his brightest day for Arnold Development.  The subsequent four races all ended in dismay, with Jones and the No. 50 team retiring from each of these races before ending their relationship.

Jim Smith, pleased with Jones' services from the prior year, brought the driver back to his team for the Fontana and Phoenix races, two Western rounds for a Western driver. The No. 2 team had been using a rotating lineup of racing talents all season, so Jones did not displace anyone, even though he was participating in a racing truck that ran the full schedule. Mirroring the successful performance with Ultra in the West Series race of 1994, Jones scored a top ten in the Truck round in Phoenix, a rare highlight in a promising career soiled by unplanned failure.

Appearances were sparse in 2005, as ten of Jones' fourteen scheduled races ended prior to the race; Jones was unable to qualify for these events. Mostly racing with MACH 1 Motorsports, Jones was also able to land the Morgan-McClure ride for the road courses. In both rides, Jones struggled mightily, now deeply into the twilight of his NASCAR career.

2006, like 2004, began in May for Jones, once again in the Indianapolis 500. Beck Motorsports hired Jones to pilot the No. 98 CURB Records entry, identical in sponsor and number to the 2004 special Jones had driven. Running a Panoz chassis, widely regarded as inferior to the Dallara which populated a greater portion of the field, Jones lacked pace and only managed to qualify on the final row. However, a nineteenth-place result was salvaged.

The next stop on the Jones racing calendar was Sonoma, now becoming a tradition with Jones characterized in NASCAR as a road course ringer. Jones did not see the race out to its completion in his Morgan-McClure Chevrolet due to rear end failure, and would not return to the NEXTEL Cup Series that season.

Instead, Jones retreated to the Busch division, where his success had been limited in the earlier parts of the noughties. Starting last in Mike Curb's Diversified Partners Dodge for the July Daytona race, Jones mastered the slipstreaming techniques of NASCAR's draft and worked his way to thirteenth by the race's end in a reinvigorating performance. The IRP meeting would not end as successfully for Jones, who then moved to Johnny Davis Motorsports to compete in Watkins Glen. A stellar eighth-place qualifying effort was squandered by an engine failure on the seventh lap of the motor race; Jones had taken the JD Motorsports car to places it had never been on the grid's north end, and was compensated with mechanical incompetence. He would never race for Davis again, and returned to Curb for the Fontana and Phoenix legs as he had for Smith in the 2004 Truck Series season. Twenty-second and twenty-first were the results in those races.

As NASCAR Busch Series left the United States for the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Richard Childress Racing brought Jones with their team for the road course event. Another top ten qualifying run turned into a mediocre result; this time, Jones was twenty-fourth.

The disappointment would intensify in May, however, when Jones failed to qualify for the 2007 Indianapolis 500. His No. 40 car had been painted to resemble the one his father used in the 1967 Indianapolis 500 forty years prior; that car was powered by a turbine gas engine and used a four-wheel drive system. Both technologies had since been outlawed at the Speedway and were not featured on the 2007 entry for Jones.

Putting this behind him, Jones progressed to the NASCAR West Series race on the Sonoma Raceway. Starting seventh and finishing second, Jones regained his rhythm in the No. 24 Ford one day before he would participate in the Cup Series race on the same track. That, too, was an impressive day for Jones, as he took a Michael Waltrip Racing Toyota from the final grid position to twelfth, his best NASCAR result since 2002. MWR would request his talents for the Watkins Glen race in August, and Jones would oblige. This time, he was classified as twenty-fifth.

Additionally, Jones raced in the Pennsylvania 500 for Robby Gordon Motorsports after the driver for which the team was named was suspended for actions detrimental to stock car racing. The race's victor finished a full two laps ahead of Jones on the triangular circuit.

MB Motorsports decided Jones was worthy of a chance in the Truck Series in 2008, giving the driver their No. 63 Ford for two races.  Results could not be produced and the series which Jones had been part of at the onset would never again be graced by his driving abilities.

Jones did not just close his Truck Series career, however. He made his final West Series and Nationwide starts; both were DNFs.

Of course, his dips into the Sprint Cup Series action did continue. Jones had a lackluster run in the Hall of Fame Racing Toyota in the 2008 Watkins Glen race. In 2009, he reunited with Robby Gordon Motorsports to test his skills in the start-and-park style of motoring; he conserved the car in two races that year and ensured that Gordon would collect purse money without having to worry about repairing damage or refurbishing worn parts.

2010s

Jones' devotion to Robby Gordon did not change in the fourth decade of his racing career, and he participated in a further five events for the RGM team in 2010 and 2011; he was never allowed to go the full distance. Eighteen years removed from his 1993 debut, Jones made his final appearance in the Cup Series on his most successful track, Watkins Glen. A mechanical failure prevented Jones from completing his qualifying lap, meaning he would not be allowed to start the race.  Unceremoniously, he was out of the sport that had been a constant through years of sports car and open-wheel fluctuation, never considered again for a ride.

His focus in 2011 had not been the Cup side, though. Rocketsports Racing hired Jones to race with Rocky Moran, Jr. in their factory Jaguar XKR GT program in the American Le Mans Series. The car's performance was woeful, and no points were scored, even in rounds where fewer than ten cars had entered, as the car often failed to complete 70% of the class winner's distance due to chronic mechanical issues. Despite Moran's indications that the two would be paired again in 2012, Rocketsports and Jaguar disbanded the team and moved to the LMPC class without either driver.

Jones joined the General Tire Trophylite Race Series off-road truck division for 2012, finding a place to utilize his Baja 1000 experience. In Henderson, Nevada, Jones was victorious.

The 2013 season began at the Chili Bowl midget car race for Jones. He won the seventh heat race on opening night in his RFMS Racing entry. By the week's end, he had been eliminated from contention, and did not feature in the main event. Later in the year, he finished fourth in the inaugural Stadium Super Trucks race at University of Phoenix Stadium. He continued to race in SST that season, resulting fourth in the standings with a win at Las Vegas.

Jones continued racing in the Stadium Super Trucks—albeit on a part-time basis—from 2014 to 2017. He scored race wins at the Grand Prix of St. Petersburg in 2014, the OC Fair & Event Center's Sand Sports Super Show in 2015, and Texas Motor Speedway in 2017.

In 2017, Jones returned to NASCAR, racing in the Xfinity Series race at Watkins Glen International in Chris Cockrum Racing's No. 25 car.

Personal life
Jones was a proficient ice hockey player, scoring ninety-eight goals (coincidentally, Jones often wears this number when racing) in thirty games when he was just short of one decade old and playing peewee hockey in California. He and his team were state champions that year. Any ideas of a professional career in Jones' other sport were hindered by a surgery six years after the championship; following another two years of play, Jones ceased participation in ice hockey of all kinds.

In his late teens and early twenties, Jones enrolled in several courses at El Camino College.  While there, he studied various subsets in the overarching field of business education.

Jones has an interest in aircraft. His biography in CART media materials often indicated that Jones was an avid flyer, holding a pilot's license at the time. As far as religion, Jones is irreligious.

With predominantly vehicular passions, Jones shares his love of motors to customers through PJ's Performance, which specializes in UTVs.  This venture has kept Jones busy even as his entries to auto races dwindle in quantity.

Married to Jolaina, Jones is the father of Jagger and Jace Jones. His residence has been established in Scottsdale, Arizona.

Motorsports career results

American Open-Wheel racing results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

American Racing Series/Indy Lights

CART

Indianapolis 500

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Sprint Cup Series

Xfinity Series

Craftsman Truck Series

 Season still in progress
 Ineligible for series points

ARCA Racing Series
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Stadium Super Trucks
(key) (Bold – Pole position. Italics – Fastest qualifier. * – Most laps led.)

References

External links

 P.J. Jones at Driver Database

Category:Living people
Category:1969 births
Category:Sportspeople from Torrance, California
Category:Racing drivers from California
Category:Indianapolis 500 drivers
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Category:20th-century American racing drivers
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JSL

JSL may refer to:
 JSL S.A., a Brazilian logistic company
 Japanese: The Spoken Language, a Japanese textbook
 JSL romanization, the romanization system used in the text
 Jamaican Sign Language
 Japanese Sign Language (ISO 639-3: jsl)
 Japan Soccer League
 JMP Scripting Language, a programming language used in the JMP statistical software
 Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz, given name of comedian Jon Stewart
 Journal of Symbolic Logic
 JSL Singh (active from 2001), Indian music director and singer
Le Journal de Saône-et-Loire, a French daily newspaper
 Luxembourg Socialist Youths (French: ), a political youth organization


Bryacha

Bryacha () is a rural locality (a village) in Kubenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2002.

Geography
The distance to Vologda is 70 km, to Kubenskoye is 20 km. Petrushino, Tokarevo, Kruglitsa, Chyorny Porog are the nearest rural localities.

References

Category:Rural localities in Vologda Oblast


Rose Mont

Rose Mont is a Greek Revival style house built in Gallatin, Sumner County, Tennessee, United States. It was built by Judge Josephus Conn Guild for his family, and completed in 1842. Once the site of the area's largest thoroughbred horse farm with , it is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Rosemont. In 1993 the property was purchased by the City of Gallatin and the Rose Mont Restoration Foundation. The house is open to the public.

History
Rose Mont was built by Judge Josephus Conn Guild (1802–1883) for his family. It was begun in 1836 and completed in 1842. All of the materials for its construction were obtained on the property.

Rose Mont's architecture is a blend of Greek Revival and Palladian styles. These architectural styles not commonly seen in Middle Tennessee homes of the era, which is typified by Federal or Georgian-style houses with a front entry hall containing a staircase to the second floor. Judge Guild's departure from the local architectural fashions was due to his favorable impression of the Creole-style houses he had seen on frequent trips to Louisiana. Creole elements in Rose Mont include the use of loggias and galleries to connect separate wings, wide porches, open-air halls and staircases, large windows, a raised basement, and an over-hanging roof. The house's main facade employed a classic Italian design by Andrea Palladio, whose influence is seen in the design of many mid-19th century plantation houses in the southern United States.

Rose Mont faces the east, so hot summer sun never falls on the main parlor, keeping it cooler. The name of the house derived from a large rose garden that Judge Guild's wife, Catherine Blackmore Guild (1803–1875), maintained on the north side of the house.

In its early years, the house was the center for a  working farm that raised thoroughbred horses and longhorn cattle. In 1978 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places under the name "Rosemont". It was occupied by members of the Guild family from its construction until 1993, when it was acquired by the City of Gallatin and the Rose Mont Restoration Foundation.

It is open Tuesdays through Saturdays for guided tours from April 15 through October 31. The mansion and its reception hall are available for rental to the public.

References

External links
 Official website

Further reading

Sumner County Fact Book 2007-2008. The News Examiner & The Hendersonville Star News. 2007.
Guild, Josephus Conn. Old Times in Tennessee, with Historical, Personal, and Political Scraps and Sketches. Nashville: Tavel, Eastman & Howell, 1878. Reprint: 1971. 2010.

Category:Houses completed in 1842
Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
Category:Museums in Sumner County, Tennessee
Category:Historic house museums in Tennessee
Category:Houses in Sumner County, Tennessee
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Sumner County, Tennessee


2007 Algerian Super Cup

The 2007 Algerian Super Cup is the  6th edition of Algerian Super Cup, a football match contested by the winners of the Championnat National and 2006–07 Algerian Cup competitions. The match was scheduled to be played on 1 November 2007 at Stade 5 Juillet 1962 in Algiers between 2006-07 Championnat National winners ES Sétif and 2006–07 Algerian Cup winners MC Alger.

Match details

References

2007
Supercup
Category:ES Sétif matches


Donald Igwebuike

Donald Amechi Igwebuike (born December 27, 1960) is a Nigerian-born former American football kicker who played professionally for the National Football League's Tampa Bay Buccaneers from 1985 to 1989. He is the fourth place all-time scorer for the Buccaneers with 416 overall points. Known for kicking barefoot, Igwebuike also played for the 1990 Minnesota Vikings and in the Canadian Football League with the Baltimore Stallions in 1994 and the Memphis Mad Dogs in 1995. Earlier, he attended Clemson University and was the kicker for the Tigers' 1981 national championship team.

In November 1990, Igwebuike was indicted by a federal grand jury on felony charges that he assisted a $1 million heroin smuggling plot. He was acquitted in April 1991.

References

External links
Profile
Statistics

Category:1960 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Enugu
Category:American football placekickers
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Category:Baltimore Stallions players
Category:Clemson Tigers football players
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Category:Minnesota Vikings players
Category:Nigerian emigrants to the United States
Category:Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Category:Tampa Bay Storm players
Category:Players of American football from Enugu State
Category:Nigerian players of American football


Giancarlo Bianchi

Giancarlo Bianchi (born 1952) is an Italian poet. He was born in Florence, Italy, where he  resides and works.

Career
Bianchi was introduced to scholars working in various disciplines in his hometown of Florence, including Adolfo Oxilia, Otello Pagliai, Bruno Nardini, Franco Manescalchi and Mario Luzi.

Bianchi witnessed 40 years of florentine culture, which complemented his many experiences. He was editor of the Edition Hellas, collaborated with Mario Mazzoni's magazine Pegaso with poets and friends Duccia Camiciotti and Anna Balsamo, and he was also involved in periodicals such as Il Solco, Noi del Caricentro and La Voce.

The meeting with the historic president of "Camerata dei poeti" of Florence gave him the inspiration for the book Memorie per Adolfo Oxilia "Dall'Ultima alla Camerata dei poeti" in which the author recalls his teacher to students and friends of the professor, including Enrico Nistri, in a dense historical monograph.
In 2003,the poet participated in the writing of the book "La croce e la rosa". Loredana Disperati Fanfani (1925-1986) by Carmelo Mezzasalma Feeria editions.
In 2010, the book Nel tuo volto by Bianchi is the protagonist of the second edition of the From Florence to the stars organized by Peter Michael Musone for La Pergola Arte of Florence in the basilica of San Marco in Florence.

In 2014 his poetic Anthology All'Ancora del tempo was presented at the Casa di Dante with speakers Vera Franci Riggio and Anita Tosi Norcini.

In 2014 he was awarded the Fiorino d'argento prize for poetry, the XXXII edition of the Florence prize, for the book All'ancora del tempo from Polistampa editions.

In 2015 he organized the literary meeting at the Casa di Dante Florence to present the literary anthology Poeti in bici by Polistampa with speakers Giancarlo Bianchi, Lilly Brogi, Mariagrazia Carraroli, Silvia Ranzi and a poetic recital of actress Clara Italiano.

In 2015 at the Casa di Dante Florence he presented All'ancora del tempo next to presentations by Vera Franci Riggio, and Anita Norcini Tosi, readings by Ilaria Bucchioni and a musical performance from Laura Molteni.

In 2016 he organized the literary meeting at the library Salvemini in Florence to present "Il dono dell'anima per Duccia Camiciotti" by l'Altana with speakers: Anna Balsamo, Lilly Brogi, Carmelina Rotundo and Giuseppe Baldassarre.

He continued his work as a poet, cultural worker and as the secretary of the Association Novecento Poesia of Florence and as an adviser of Camerata dei Poeti of Florence. In 2016, at the Convento Colleviti, organized by Accademia Collegio De' Nobili held a literary meeting entitled Adolfo Oxilia: A forgotten writer" with speakers Professor Marcello Falletti di Villafalletto, the poet Giancarlo Bianchi and the Dottore Giovanni Cascio Pratilli.

In 2017, in the Palazzo del Podestà of Pescia, took place the literary meeting for the new book Uno sguardo dall'alto with speakers Carlo Lapucci, Roberta Necciari, Rudi Necciari and Emanuel Canfora.

In 2017, at Caffè Giubbe Rosse of Florence, he introduced his book Uno sguardo dall'alto with speakers Anna Maria Giglio and Enrico Nistri.

In 2018, at Sala Maggiore del Palagio he presented the book “Un poeta in trincea – Diario di guerra del giovane sottotenente Adolfo Oxilia, ragazzo del ‘99 editor Stamperia Benedetti di Pescia speakers Guja Guidi, Cascio Pratilli, Franco Apicella in the same year at Biblioteca Marucelliana in Florence he presented the same book "Un poeta in trincea" with speakers Franco Contorbia, Mario Falciani e Roberto Maini.

Awards and honors
 In the Florence European Capital of Culture event Otello Pagliai gives the "special prize" of the Camerata dei Poeti of Florence, 1986.
 "The silver Fiorino" for unpublished poetry in the Premio Firenze Mario Conti Europa, 2003.
 Premio "Fiorentinità" in the literary competition "Lilly Brogi La Pergola Arte" of Florence, 2010.
 Honour reporting in the Premio Firenze Mario Conti Europa XXV Editions 2007.

 "The silver Fiorino" for published poetry All'Ancora del tempo in the Premio Firenze Mario Conti Europa, 2014.

Published works

 *

Poetry anthologies

References

External links
{columnslist|2|

 Polistampa.com
 Lapoesiaelospirito.wordpress.com
 Literary.it
 Leonardolibri.com
 Sarnus.it
 Polistampa.com
 Leonardolibri.com
 Polistampa.com
 Riscossacristiana.it
 Circoloartisticasadente.com
 Poiein.it
 Adamoli.org
 Ricerca.repubblica.it
 Polistampa.com}}

Category:Italian poets
Category:Italian male poets
Category:Living people
Category:People from Florence
Category:1952 births


TT1650

The TT1650 is a direct-drive turntable manufactured by Numark.

Features
 Direct Drive motor with 1 kg of torque
 Battle and club style design (dual start/stop buttons)
 Removable target light
 Lightweight aluminum platter
 Detachable power and audio connections
 33rpm or 45rpm
 Pitch Control +/- 10%

External links
 Product information on Numarks Website

Category:Turntables


Ashton, Cornwall

Ashton is a village in the civil parish of Breage, west Cornwall, England, UK at . It is on the A394 Penzance – Helston road one mile north-east of Praa Sands.

A Mission Church designed by James Piers St Aubyn was dedicated by George Wilkinson (Bishop of Truro) on 11 March 1884. Costing between £600 and £700, it is built in the Gothic early-English style on a site donated by the Duke of Leeds. Ashton has a pub called the Lion and Lamb and in the past had a football team.

Ashton is also the name of places in the parishes of Poundstock, St Dominick and St Winnow. The meaning of Ashton is "ash-tree farm".

References

Category:Villages in Cornwall
Category:Hamlets in Cornwall


Sid Mark

Sid Mark (born Sidney Mark Fliegelman May 30, 1933) is an American radio disc jockey based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  Mark is noted for hosting a weekly syndicated radio program featuring the music of singer Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), including commentary, interviews, trivia facts and other information to add color and context.

Early Life
Mark served two years in the United States Army, serving as an infantryman during the Korean War, and afterwards began hosting a live broadcast of a Saturday Jazz show at the Red Hill Inn in Pennsauken, New Jersey.

Career
Mark's shows include Sunday with Sinatra, airing 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. each Sunday on 1210 WPHT in Philadelphia, and The Sounds of Sinatra, which is syndicated nationally through the Westwood One radio network.  The first version of Mark's Sinatra shows was Friday with Frank, which began airing in 1957 over WHAT and WHAT-FM, where Mark was a disc jockey, and has run nearly continuously in Philadelphia ever since. The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia inducted Mark into their Hall of Fame in 2001. Mark has only missed one show, in 1999 for open heart surgery. The Pennsylvania Association of Broadcasters named Mark 'Broadcaster of the Year 2018" in May 2018.

Personal Life
Mark married his wife Judy in 1973; they have four children. Their son Brian works on Sid’s radio program.

References

External links
Sounds of Sinatra website
Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia website

Category:Living people
Category:American radio personalities
Category:Radio personalities from Philadelphia
Category:1933 births


Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) is an organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. DDD is a metabolite of DDT. DDD is colorless and crystalline; it is closely related chemically and is similar in properties to DDT, but it is considered to be less toxic to animals than DDT. The molecular formula for DDD is (ClC6H4)2CHCHCl2 or C14H10Cl4, whereas the formula for DDT is (ClC6H4)2CHCCl3 or C14H9Cl5.

DDD is in the “Group B2” classification, meaning that it is a probable human carcinogen. This is based on an increased incidence of lung tumors in male and female mice, liver tumors in male mice, and thyroid tumors in male rats. Further basis is that DDD is so similar to and is a metabolite of DDT, another probable human carcinogen.

DDD is no longer registered for agricultural use in the United States, but the general population continues to be exposed to it due to its long persistence time. The primary source of exposure is oral ingestion of food.

1946 is the date of the earliest recorded use in English of the abbreviation “DDD” to stand for dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, as far as could be determined.

Mitotane

If one of the p-chlorines in DDD is switched to ortho-position, then we get a useful chemotherapeutic agent, mitotane. This is an example of a positional isomer.

Table of names
The following are synonyms for DDD:

References
“Chemicals: Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane.” The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. MDI Biological Laboratory, 11 Apr. 2007 <http://ctd.mdibl.org/detail.go?type=chem&acc=D003632>.
“Data From SRC PhysProp Database.” SRC PhysProp Database. Syracuse Research Corporation. 11 Apr. 2007 <https://web.archive.org/web/20070927230912/http://esc.syrres.com/interkow/webprop.exe?CAS=72-54-8>.
“DDD.” Hazardous Substances Data Bank. United States National Library of Medicine. 25 Apr. 2007 <https://web.archive.org/web/20120207033729/http://toxmap.nlm.nih.gov/toxmap/main/chemPage.jsp?chem=4,4-DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE then click “Env. Fate / Exposure”>.
“DDD—RN: 72-54-8.” ChemIDplus Lite Record. 9 Sept. 2004. United States National Library of Medicine Specialized Information Services. 11 Apr. 2007 <https://web.archive.org/web/20110717080344/http://chem2.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?regno=72-54-8>.
Guralnik, David B., Editor in Chief. “DDD.” Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. Second College Edition. New York, NY: Prentice Hall Press, 1986.  (indexed),  (plain edge),  (pbk.), and  (LeatherKraft).
Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. “DDD.” Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary. 9th ed. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1985. ,  (indexed), and  (deluxe).
“p,p'-DDD.” Substance Registry System. 1 Feb. 2006. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 11 Apr. 2007 <https://web.archive.org/web/20061008163205/http://iaspub.epa.gov/srs/srs_proc_qry.navigate?P_SUB_ID=4937>.
“p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane (DDD) (CASRN 72-54-8).” Integrated Risk Information System. 25 Jan. 2007. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 23 Apr. 2007 <http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0347.htm>.

Notes

External links
TOXMAP Chemical Page for DDD
MSDS for rhothane (DDD) provided by the Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory of the University of Oxford

Category:Organochloride insecticides
Category:Chloroarenes


WWCT

WWCT is an FM broadcasting station licensed to Bartonville, Illinois.  Through most of its history, the WWCT callsign was associated with Peoria's 105.7 frequency allocation; the call sign and related format was moved to 96.5 (Farmington) in 2003, then 99.9 (Bartonville) in 2006.  The original 99.9 callsign, WIXO, and its music format, had moved to 105.7 in 2006.

History

105.7

The original 105.7 was operating as WWTO in the early 1970s.  In 1976, the station changed its callsign to WWCT and made its debut as an album rock station.    Calling itself simply "106" or "WWCT" early on, by the 1990s, it was using the nickname "Rock 106". Locally owned until the 1990s, the station was then sold to AAA Entertainment.  AAA gave the station the new nickname "Rock 105.7", then "Rock 96.5" when it moved the format to the Farmington-licensed frequency.

96.5

WWCT was moved to 96.5 in 2003 by AAA to make room for its new WXMP "Mix 105.7" on the more powerful signal.  In January 2006, WWCT switched to an all-request Rock format, which it maintained until it was shut down on September 20, 2006 after being sold to Independence Media.  Independence Media flipped the format to Top 40/CHR, named "98.5 Kiss FM", and launched a simulcast on 96.5 (changed to WRIA) and also on 98.5 (WPIA), which had been Christian music station "Hope 98.5".  96.5 is now WHPI, a simulcast of sister station WZPN (the callsign that 96.5 originally used until 2018).

99.9
What is now WWCT signed on August 2, 1996 as WIXO, originally stunting with loops of "Macarena" by Los Del Rio. On February 21, 1997 at 6 p.m., the station flipped to an alternative rock format as "99X". The WIXO call letters would move to 105.7 FM in September 2006.

Independence Media, who had also bought the license for 99.9, replaced its 10-day-old callsign WRXP with the current callsign WWCT on September 29, 2006, but kept the nickname 99.9 Pirate Radio.

On or around Sunday, April 8, 2007, the Pirate Radio moniker was dropped in favor of CT 99-dot-9.  The slogan was changed to "World Class Rock" and the size of the playlist increased greatly, cutting a wide swath across many different genres and eras of music.  On April 11, 2008, the station temporarily dropped the adult album alternative format it had been running with the slogan "World Class Rock" and began stunting; it then returned on April 15 with the new name 99.9 The Stage.

On September 15, 2008, after three days of stunting, the station became alternative rock station 99.9 The Buzz, and began carrying the Lex and Terry morning show from KEGL in Dallas.  The station was commercial-free from 10 a.m. to Noon.

The station was turned over to Michael S. Rea through Advanced Media Partners on August 1, 2010, in anticipation of the station being purchased; since then, the station has run a format of mixed popular music. On September 26, the station flipped back to adult album alternative after many weeks of stunting. The sale of WWCT, along with its other three Peoria-area stations (WZPN, WPIA, and WHPI), was completed on November 15th.

References

External links

Category:Radio stations established in 1996
WCT


2011 Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner

The IX Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner was held in Poland from 26 to 28 August 2011. Like the previous edition, 4 teams participated in the tournament.

Qualification
All teams except the host must receive an invitation from the organizers.

Squads

Venue

Results
 All times are Central European Summer Time (UTC+02:00).

|}

|}

Final standing

Awards
 MVP:  Cristian Savani
 Best Scorer:  Maxim Mikhaylov
 Best Spiker:  Denis Biriukov
 Best Blocker:  Luigi Mastrangelo
 Best Server:  Aleksandr Volkov
 Best Setter:  Lukáš Ticháček
 Best Libero:  Andrea Giovi

References

External links
 Official website

Category:Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner
Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner
Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner


4-1-1

4-1-1 is the telephone number for local directory assistance in Canada and the United States. Until the early 1980s, 4-1-1 and the related 1-1-3 calls were free in most states.

4-1-1 is commonly used in Canada and the United States as a slang word for "information" or "gossip". In the 1982 song "Jump to It" by American singer Aretha Franklin, for example, the lyric runs "We have a lot of fun, don't we, girl, dishin' out
The dirt on everybody and givin' each other the 411".

History
The number has been used since at least 1930 in New York City, San Francisco, and other large cities where panel and crossbar switching equipment installed by the Bell System was prevalent. However, in smaller Bell System cities and almost all areas served by GTE and other companies where step-by-step equipment was the norm such as Los Angeles, 1-1-3 was used until at least the 1960s, and in some cases (the Pacific Northwest, for example) until the mid-1980s.

In Canada and the United States, directory assistance was historically a local function, and most companies updated listings at their directory assistance centers frequently, sometimes daily. When long-distance numbers were needed, prior to the full introduction of direct-dialed long-distance service, callers would call either 4-1-1 or "0" (Operator) and request a free long-distance connection to the directory assistance center in the distant city.

In 1962, direct-dialed long-distance directory assistance became available. The number in cities with panel and crossbar switching equipment was area code-555-1212, whereas in cities with step-by-step equipment the number was 1-555-1212 (or 112-555-1212) for numbers not local but in the same area code and 1-area code-555-1212 (or 112-area code-555-1212) for numbers in other area codes. In some area codes, the directory assistance center was able to serve the entire area code, but in many, the operator in the principal city of the area code dialed would connect the caller onward to a more local directory assistance center for the most up-to-date information.

After the introduction of local exchange competition, most telephone companies outsourced directory assistance service to nationwide call centers. This has blurred the distinction between 4-1-1 and 555-1212. For regulatory reasons, where telephone service is provided by traditional local-exchange carriers, the local carrier will determine how to handle 411, the chosen local toll (intra-LATA) carrier will determine how to handle 555-1212 calls for area codes within the LATA, and the chosen long distance carrier for inter-LATA) calls will determine how to handle other area code-555-1212 calls. For service provided by cellular and VoIP carriers where the customer does not have a choice of local toll or long distance carriers, all calls may be handled the same way.

In North America, all areas formerly using 1-1-3 have been converted to using 4-1-1, and 1-1- is now reserved for vertical service codes. Outside North America, "1-1-N" numbers are still in use, for these and other services. In most European countries, "1-1-N" numbers are related to emergency services and 112 is the emergency telephone number of the European Union and some non-EU countries across the world.

The relationship between 4-1-1, 1-1-3, and long-distance dialing
Direct-distance dialing (DDD) was first introduced in areas with common-control switching (panel and crossbar) in the 1950s. These areas had used 4-1-1 for directory assistance, and because of the ability of common-control switching to analyze the initial digits of a number in a "sender" before routing the call, these areas did not require the dialing of an initial "1" to initiate a long-distance call. There was no ambiguity, because the initial assignment of area codes always used either a "0" or a "1" as the second digit, and the second digit of local numbers was never a "0" or a "1" because of the use of two-letter plus 5-digit local numbering, with the letters only on digits 2-9 of the dial.

Areas with step-by-step equipment processed the call one digit at a time as dialed by the caller, and thus needed a common prefix to distinguish long-distance dialing from local calls. The Bell System design choice was "1", but since "1-1-3" was in use for directory assistance, along with other "1-1-" codes ("Repair" was 1-1-4)., changes had to be made in the step-by-step areas. Initially, "1-1-2" was used temporarily as the prefix in most of these areas. To simplify long-distance calling it was desirable to change this to a "1". Some areas converted immediately to 4-1-1 for directory assistance and 6-1-1 for repair. Other areas retained 1-1-3 by installing what was known as "double-header" trunks, which actually connected the call to the long distance equipment and then "snatched it back" if the second digit was also a "1".

The conversion proceeded as follows in Springfield, Massachusetts:

Directory assistance data
The services of directory assistance queries is often outsourced to a call centre who specializes in that function. Historically, when a single carrier provided most of the telephone services for a region, the data used to satisfy the search could exclusively come for that carriers subscriber rolls. Today, when the market is fragmented amongst many carriers, the data must be aggregated by a data aggregator specializing in directory listings, such as LSSi. The data aggregator distributes the data to the 4-1-1 services either on a "live" basis, actually servicing each query, or by periodically transferring large swaths of listings to the call center's systems for local searching.

The data aggregator collects the data from the rolls of many telecommunication carriers. Some carriers such as Vonage do not send their customer rolls to the aggregator. Their customers can get their listings in the directory assistance database using a free service such as ListYourself.net.

Landline telephone directory assistance
4-1-1 landline service has been historically provided by local telephone companies, including those of the former Bell System or subsequent Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs). Telephone carriers since that time may provide the 4-1-1 calls to the customer free of charge and [use ad supported or a customer retention model][meaning unknown]

Since the 1984 Bell System divestiture, the RBOCs in the United States have priced 4-1-1 use higher to an average of $1.25 USD per call, compared to $0.50 CAD in most of Canada, providing opportunities for competing services in the United States, such as ad-sponsored 1-800-FREE-411.

Wireless telephone directory
In addition to the local and long distance directory services, there is also a "Wireless 411 Service". As specified by the industry, the service will give wireless subscribers the choice of including their wireless phone numbers in directory assistance services.

Consumers can opt-in to listing their name and cellphone number with directory assistance services, such as 411. The information is currently not published in print or online directories.  Additionally, the information is not added to, or otherwise shared with, marketing lists or telemarketing firms.

The service will allow any landline or wireless phone user to call 4-1-1 and be connected to the wireless listing of a subscribers who has chosen to participate in the service. Carriers who make up the industry LLC creating the service include Alltel (now absorbed by Verizon Wireless), AT&T, Sprint Nextel and T-Mobile.

See also
 800-The-Info
 Bing Mobile
 GOOG-411
 Speech recognition
 Tellme Networks

References

Further reading
 Recent survey from Tellme Networks, Inc. about 411 usage
 The Kelsey Group report on wireless voice search (10/2006)

Category:Directory assistance services
Category:Three-digit telephone numbers


José Rovira

José Rovira was a Puerto Rican politician and senator.

In 1917, Rovira was elected as a member of the first Puerto Rican Senate established by the Jones-Shafroth Act. He represented the District VI (Guayama).

References

Category:Members of the Senate of Puerto Rico


Colours (Nadia Oh album)

Colours is the second album by British recording artist Nadia Oh. It was released in the United Kingdom and the United States on 8 May 2011 by Tiger Trax Records. Numerous viral videos have been released through the video-sharing website YouTube to promote the album as well as multiple fan promo videos. Like Oh's debut effort, the album only spawned one main single, "Taking Over the Dancefloor", released digitally on 24 April 2011, However Colours was re-released on 18 September 2011 to include four new tracks: "No Bueno" (which acted as the album's second single released, 21 August), "Shade", "I Like It Loud", and "Follow Me".

Background
The album released 8 May 2011 was preceded by three tracks, Amsterdam Dub Version on 25 September 2009, Follow Me To The Dancefloor on 3 September 2009 and Colours, made viral in late November 2011. First single, Taking Over The Dancefloor gained recognition from DJ Scott Mills who gave it its first commercial play on Radio One, where it was also Popjustice's song of the day. Second single, No Bueno also gained Song of The Day stature on Popjustice.

Release
The albums original release was on 8 May 2011 featuring only 10 tracks including first single; Taking Over The Dancefloor and Promo Single; Colours. It later saw a re-release 18 September 2011 to include "No Bueno" (which acted as the album's second single released, 21 August), "Shade", "I Like It Loud", and "Follow Me", which the latter was released as a buzz track in 2009 under the title, Follow Me to the Dancefloor and failed to be included on the first release.

Music Videos
For promotion purposes several videos were made viral consisting of 'Oh performing select album tracks. The first being Jump Out The Window on 22 April 2011. In this video she is seen in front of ever-changing colour backgrounds while the songs lyrics scroll across th bottom of the screen with intercepting scenes of 'Oh being interviewed. Second promo video, Amsterdam made viral the very next day and in the similar fashion only without the interview and with darker colours. The final promo video was Soopermodel on 1 June 2011 and also followed the similar style of the previous videos.

Singles
Colours was scheduled to be released 23 January 2011 but was later cancelled in favour of Taking Over The Dancefloor. Released 24 April under the original title of Kate Middleton, it is notably for its use of the genre Moombahton. No further singles were released until the album saw a re-issue with four new tracks, one of which being No Bueno, the second single. It was released August 21t 2011 in the form of an EP.

Track listing

Release history

References

Category:2011 albums
Category:Nadia Oh albums


Quarries of the Mendip Hills

The Mendip Hills, (Mendips) in northern Somerset, are the most southerly Carboniferous Limestone uplands in Britain.

The Mendips comprise three major anticlinal structures, each with a core of older Devonian sandstone and Silurian volcanic rocks. The latter, after crushing, is use in road construction and concrete. Devonian Sandstone is visible around Black Down and Downhead. Carboniferous Limestone, dominates the hills and surround the older rock formations. An outcrop of basalt is also quarried at Moon's Hill.

For centuries the stone of the Mendips, and the Cotswolds to the north, have been used to build the cities of Bristol and Bath, and many Somerset towns. As stone transportation is expensive, the Mendips, and Leicestershire, are important as the nearest sources of hard stone for London and the South East.

The Mendip quarries produce twelve million tonnes of stone a year, employ two thousand people, and have an annual turnover of £150m. Five million tonnes of stone per year is transported by Mendip Rail.

Active quarries

Disused quarries

 Barnclose Quarry
 Cliff Quarry, Compton Martin
 Cloford Quarry — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest
 Cloud Quarry
 Cook's Wood Quarry — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest
 Draycott Quarry
 Emborough Quarries — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest
 Fairy Cave Quarry
 Hobbs Quarry — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest
 Holwell Quarries — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest
 Shipham Quarry
 Underwood Quarry (near Wells)
 Viaduct Quarry — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest
 Westbury Quarry
 Windsor Hill Quarry — geological Site of Special Scientific Interest

References


Bull Lake (Fox Creek)

Bull Lake is a lake in Kenora District, Ontario, Canada. It is about  long and  wide, and lies at an elevation of  about  southeast of the community of Ignace. The primary outflow is Fox Creek to Cow Lake, and further through Fox Lake to Agimak Lake on the Agimak River.

See also
List of lakes in Ontario

References

Category:Lakes of Kenora District


Attach (video game player)

Dillon Price, (born January 4, 1997) better known by his gamertag Attach, is a professional Call of Duty player who currently plays the Slayer role for the New York Subliners. His most notable roles before being on FaZe include playing for Rise Nation and Denial eSports. He won the Call of Duty Championship 2015 with Denial. As of August 2019, Attach has won $375,840.02 of which over $145,000 was won in Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare. He also runs an active YouTube channel.

Career
Attach started gaming when he was a young kid. Attach first heard about competitive Call of Duty from a friend that was on his travel baseball team and was playing GameBattles at the time. Attach's first tournament was at MLG Anaheim 2013 where he placed 29th. Then after that, he placed 17th at UMG Dallas with Termination.

Once Call of Duty: Ghosts came around, Attach joined Team eLevate. They ended taking 8th place at UMG Philadelphia. Then at MLG X Games Invitational, he took home 5th place with Curse Orange. Then he joined Rise Nation where he would take 13th/16th at UMG Dallas. In November 2014 Attach joined Denial.

Attach began the Advanced Warfare season playing under Denial after replacing StuDyy. Alongside ZooMaa, Saints and Replays, he acquired a 5-6th placing at the first event, MLG Columbus 2014. The roster saw more success at UMG Orlando with a 3rd-place finish. In March, Denial won the 2015 Call of Duty Championships.

In June Attach and Clayster left Denial and soon joined FaZe Clan.

Attach is the youngest player to ever win the Call of Duty World Championship at age 18 years 84 days.

Attach joined NYSL the New York Subliners Call of Duty franchise team in September 2019

Tournament results

Denial eSports

 5-6th — MLG Columbus Open 2014
 3rd — UMG Orlando 2015
 2nd — MLG Pro League Season 1 Playoffs
 2nd — Call of Duty Championship 2015: NA Regional Finals
 1st — Call of Duty Championship 2015
 2nd — EWSC Zénith 2015
 5-8th — Gfinity Spring Masters 1
 5-6th — X Games Austin 2015

FaZe Clan
 1st — UMG Dallas 2015
 1st — Gfinity Summer Championship
 7-8th — UMG Washington D.C. 2015
 1st — MLG Pro League Season 3 Playoffs
 5-6th — MLG World Finals 2015
 5-8th — Totino's Invitational 2015
 5-8th — UMG South Carolina 2016
 1st - CWL Global Pro League Season 1 Playoffs
 5-6th - MLG Anaheim 2018
 5-6th - CWL Global Pro League Season 2 Playoffs
 3rd - Call of Duty Championship 2018

References

External links

Category:Call of Duty players
Category:Living people
Category:1997 births
Category:American esports players
Category:People from Moorpark, California
Category:Team Curse players
Category:FaZe Clan players
Category:Denial esports players


Graftgold

Graftgold was an independent computer game developer that came to prominence in the 1980s, producing numerous computer games on a variety of 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit platforms.

History

The Hewson era
Graftgold was formed in 1983 when Steve Turner decided to quit his day job as a commercial programmer to concentrate on producing computer games. Realising that his ambitions were too much for one man to realise, he hired a close friend, Andrew Braybrook, to work for him. After a brief spell developing games for the Dragon home computer, Graftgold soon turned their attention to the more lucrative Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum markets.

Much of Graftgold's early success came about through their association with Hewson Consultants. Formed by Andrew Hewson in the early 1980s, Hewson Consultants became one of the UK's most successful computer game publishers. Whereas many publishers at the time relied on larger parent companies to handle the manufacturing of their products, Andrew Hewson owned his own cassette duplication plant, affording them much greater control over their ability to respond to market trends. Many of Graftgold's most memorable titles were published by Hewson including Paradroid,  Uridium, Quazatron and Ranarama.

The Telecomsoft era
Towards the end of the 1980s, it became apparent that Hewson Consultants were suffering financial difficulties. Steve Turner decided it would be in Graftgold's best interest to seek another publisher, so they parted ways with Hewson and signed a publishing deal with Telecomsoft, the software division of British Telecom. Two of Hewson's in-house programmers, Dominic Robinson and John Cumming, responded to this development by leaving the company to join Graftgold.

Hewson weren't happy to see their most successful development partner jump ship, particularly because Graftgold were due to deliver two keenly anticipated titles -- Magnetron (by Steve Turner, for the ZX Spectrum) and Morpheus (by Andrew Braybrook, for the C64). Graftgold argued that because they weren't contracted to Hewson, they were perfectly within their rights to seek an alternate publisher. Unable to sustain a protracted legal wrangle, Hewson eventually settled with Telecomsoft out of court and parted company with Graftgold.

Graftgold produced a number of titles for Telecomsoft from 1987 until 1989, including their first arcade conversion, Flying Shark. However, the sale of Telecomsoft to Microprose in 1989 resulted in their critically acclaimed conversion of Rainbow Islands being eventually released by Ocean Software.

The MicroProse/Activision era
The dawn of the 1990s saw a fundamental shift in the way computer games were developed. Whereas the games of the 8-bit era were typically developed by a single individual within a matter of months (sometimes even a few weeks), the more demanding 16-bit titles required larger teams, longer development times and considerably larger budgets. Royalties from their impressive back catalogue of titles allowed Graftgold to make this transition with ease, hiring in excess of 30 additional people to work on a large number of products within a team environment.

Graftgold's path through the 16-bit era, however, would remain rocky. Newly forged deals with Hewson Consultants (by then on its last legs) and Activision proved disastrous. Hewson's liquidation forced them to sell the publishing rights for Paradroid 90 to Activision. While the game sold well on the Amiga, a PC Engine version that had been in development was shelved. To make matters worse, Graftgold had also been developing Realms, an expensive realtime strategy game, for Activision when it was announced that the publishing giant was in severe financial difficulty and had begun closing down many of its international operations. No longer contracted to develop any titles for MicroProse, the future of Graftgold looked bleak.

The Virgin/Renegade era
Graftgold's salvation arrived in the form of Virgin Interactive. Graftgold had already formed a close working relationship with Virgin through their development of Off Road Racer a few years earlier. Having bought back the rights for Realms from Activision, Graftgold finished the game for Virgin. From 1991 to 1993, Graftgold concentrated on Sega's primary gaming platforms — the Master System, Game Gear and Mega Drive — developing and converting numerous titles for these consoles for Virgin.

At the same time they were developing Sega games for Virgin, Graftgold also struck up a publishing deal with Renegade, who salvaged a number of products that had initially been promised to Mirrorsoft. Graftgold's experience had taught them that one way to ensure survival in the industry was to forge deals with multiple publishers rather than place all their eggs in one basket. Renegade published Graftgold's critically acclaimed Fire and Ice platform game on a number of formats, as well as Uridium 2 on the Amiga.

Somewhere between the early and mid-1990s, two things happened which would prove to be the beginning of the end for Graftgold. The 8-bit console formats breathed their last breath as the Nintendo Entertainment System and Master System made way for their 16-bit successors. As a consequence, Graftgold's 8-bit conversion work quickly dried up. The Amiga and Atari ST were also becoming obsolete as gaming platforms around this time. By the time Graftgold had completed all their contractual obligations for the 8-bit consoles and 16-bit computers, it was already too late to establish a significant foothold within the 16-bit console market. Graftgold would only develop one title apiece for the Mega Drive and Super NES (Ottifants and Empire Soccer 94 respectively, although the latter would remain unpublished).

The fledgling PlayStation market remained a difficult nut to crack. Just as the transition from 8-bit to 16-bit had escalated development costs and required a significant expansion of resources, so too did the transition from 16-bit to 32-bit platforms. PlayStation development kits were notoriously expensive. Graftgold were able to afford enough to allow them to begin development on International MotoX and a PS1 conversion of Rainbow Islands, but they couldn't afford to develop any other titles. Their financial security now depended on these two titles alone.

The Warner/Perfect era
Renegade, who owned the publishing rights for International MotoX, were eventually acquired by Time Warner Interactive, but the Warner company soon began to reconsider their software publishing strategy. Graftgold's game was finished but remained unpublished for six months. By the time it was finally released, it made enough profit to cover the large advances afforded to Graftgold, but very little extra income beyond that. Rainbow Islands (packaged with a conversion of Bubble Bobble) failed to ignite the interest of modern PS1 gamers too.

With very little income coming their way from their two PS1 titles, Graftgold found it difficult to sustain development of Hardcorps, the one title they were contracted to produce for a little-known publisher by the name of Coconuts. With an advance far below what was required to finance the game's production, Graftgold were forced to begin laying off staff. An eleventh hour rescue bid from another developer, Perfect 10 Productions (responsible for the highly successful Discworld adventure games), helped finance Graftgold long enough to seek out an alternative publishing deal for Hardcorps with Psygnosis, but this fell through after numerous delays.

Graftgold finally folded in early 1998.

In 2014 Steve Turner appeared in the documentary feature film From Bedrooms to Billions (2014), a film that tells the story of the British video game industry from 1979 to present.

List of Games

Key personnel

Steve Turner

After leaving a job in commercial programming in 1982, Steve Turner decided to concentrate on freelance computer game development. Initially forming a company called ST Software, Turner rechristened the company Graftgold after employing his friend, Andrew Braybrook, to assist him with programming duties.

Turner's solo projects for Graftgold included 3D Space Wars, Astroclone, Quazatron, Ranarama and Magnetron for the ZX Spectrum. He later contributed towards most of Graftgold's later projects on the 16-bit and 32-bit platforms.

Since the demise of Graftgold, Turner has continued to work in the IT industry.

Andrew Braybrook

After a brief stint programming games for the Dragon home computer, Braybrook made his mark with the publication of Gribbly's Day Out by Hewson in 1985. Combining elements of platform games and shoot-em ups with colourful, cartoon-like graphics, the game instantly made him a name to watch.

Towards the end of 1985 came Braybrook's classic Paradroid. Regarded by many C64 gamers as one of the greatest games ever made, Paradroid was a shoot-em up that featured exceptionally intelligent enemies, unique gameplay and fast-scrolling bas relief graphics that were quickly emulated by many other developers.

Two more Braybrook games arrived in 1986. Uridium proved to be an even more impressive programming feat than Paradroid. It was a horizontally scrolling shoot-em up that required the player to navigate the hazardous surface of a number of colossal dreadnaughts, strafing targets whilst simultaneously avoiding waves of fighters that screamed past at blistering speeds. The smooth, metallic graphics became the standard by which all future games of the genre would be judged. Alleykat arrived later in the year. Balanced somewhere between a vertically scrolling racer and a shoot-em up, the game (while technically impressive) proved to be exceptionally difficult and disappointed a significant percentage of Braybrook's fan base.

Braybrook's next title, Morpheus, was published by Rainbird (Telecomsoft) in 1987. Combining elements of resource development games and the time-honoured shoot-em up, Morpheus was Braybrook's most adventurous game to date. Despite intriguing gameplay and impressive graphics, the high learning curve and somewhat experimental gameplay translated into poor sales. The last of Braybrook's classic C64 titles, Intensity, arrived in 1988. A slightly more strategic shoot-em up, the game enjoyed modest success but failed to recapture the magic of Braybrook's earlier titles.

Braybrook went on to develop a number of titles for the Amiga, including the conversion of Rainbow Islands and sequels to Paradroid and Uridium before joining the rest of the Graftgold team developing their 16-bit and 32-bit titles. Braybrook remained with Graftgold until the company's demise in 1998, at which time he was working on PC and PS1 versions of Hardcorps. He now works for a UK-based insurance company.

Dominic Robinson

Dominic Robinson came to prominence as an in-house programmer for Hewson when he converted Uridium to the Spectrum (a feat previously considered impossible) in 1986. This was followed by another classic Spectrum shoot-em up, Zynaps, and a puzzle/shooter, Anarchy, both of which were released in 1987. After leaving Hewson, he joined Graftgold to work on the Spectrum conversion of Flying Shark, as well as the Amiga and Atari ST versions of Simulcra and Rainbow Islands.

References

External links
Graftgold's historical website
List of Graftgold games
History of Graftgold (archive of former Graftgold web site)
Jester Interactive Publishing Limited (Current owners of Graftgold and all its I.P.)

Category:Companies established in 1983
Category:Companies disestablished in 1998
Category:Defunct video game companies
Category:Video game companies of the United Kingdom


Savran, Gölbaşı

Savran is a village in the District of Gölbaşı, Adıyaman Province, Turkey.

References

Category:Populated places in Adıyaman Province
Category:Gölbaşı, Adıyaman
Category:Villages in Turkey


Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's soccer

The Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's soccer team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Rutgers University–New Brunswick in New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States. The team is a member of the Big Ten Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. Rutgers's first varsity's men's soccer team was fielded in 1938, although organized soccer has been played at the university since at least 1869. The team plays its home games at Yurcak Field in New Brunswick. The Knights are coached by Jim McElderry.

History
The origins of Rutgers soccer trace back to the 1869 college soccer season, where the first ever collegiate soccer game was played in the United States. The then-Rutgers College (now Rutgers University) and the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) played an exhibition match that ended in a 6–4 result. Rutgers won the game by a score of 6–4 In addition to being considered one of the earlier soccer games reported in the United States, these two games are considered to be the first organized American college football games to ever be played.

Rutgers' first varsity team was fielded in 1938, where they Knights competed as an independent team. Rutgers remained unaffiliated with any formal athletic conference and was considered an independent until joining the Atlantic 10 Conference as an associate soccer member in the mid 1980s. The Knights Big East Conference for soccer in 1995. On July 1, 2014 Rutgers became a member of the Big Ten athletic conference, after paying an $11.5 million exit fee to the American Athletic Conference (which formed as a result of the splitting of the Big East Conference).

Head coaching history

There have been five coaches in Rutgers' history.

* Geza Kiss was an interim coach.

Individual achievements

All-Americans

Rutgers has produced eight All-Americans.

References

External links
 Official website

*
Category:1938 establishments in New Jersey


List of RL's Diary episodes

RL's Diary is a 2018 "Real-Life Series". It premiered on September 23, 2018 currently having 11 seasons.

The series talks about the network's success. How it was made and what goes underneath the success of it. The series will start from the highschool life of the owner to the greatest achievement event in his life.

The episodes may have a two, three or four parts in a day. It is still including in the number of episodes as same with the input of the ratings.

Series overview

Episodes

Season 1: RL's Beginning

Season 2: RL's New Birthyear

Season 3: Downs Of RL

Season 4: RL's Farewell

Season 5: RL's Vacation

Season 6: RL's School Days (1st Semester)

References

RL's Diary


Automatic switched-transport network

ASTN (Automatic Switched Transport Network) allows traffic paths to be set up through a switched network automatically. The term ASTN replaces the term ASON (Automatically Switched Optical Network) and is often used interchangeably with GMPLS (Generalized MPLS). This is not completely correct as GMPLS is a family of protocols, but ASON/ASTN is an optical/transport network architecture. The requirements of the ASON/ASTN architecture can be satisfied using GMPLS protocols developed by the IETF or by GMPLS protocols that have been modified by the ITU. Furthermore, the GMPLS protocols are applicable to optical and non-optical (e.g., packet and frame) networks, and can be used in transport or client networks. Thus, GMPLS is a wider concept than ASTN.

Traditionally, creating traffic paths through a series of Network Elements has involved configuration of individual cross-connects on each Network Element. ASTN allows the user to specify the start point, end point and bandwidth required, and the ASTN agent on the Network Elements will allocate the path through the network, provisioning the traffic path, setting up cross-connects, and allocating bandwidth from the paths for the user requested service. The actual path that the traffic will take through the network is not specified by the user.

Changes to the network (adding/removing nodes) will be taken into account by the ASTN agents in the network, but do not need to be considered by the user. This gives the user far more flexibility when allocating user bandwidth to provide services demanded by the customer.

GMPLS consist of several protocols, including routing protocols (OSPF-TE or ISIS-TE), link management protocols (LMP), and a reservation/label distribution protocol (RSVP-TE). The reservation/label distribution protocol CR-LDP has now been deprecated by the IETF in RFC 3468  (February 2003) and IETF GMPLS working group decided to focus purely on RSVP-TE.

The GMPLS architecture is defined in RFC 3945.

References

Articles
 From MPLS to GMPLS (pdf)
 GMPLS Unified Control Plane (pdf)
 Evolution to All-optical Networking (pdf)
 OTN - Standards on the ASTN/ASON Control Plane
 ITU-T Recommendations on ASTN/ASON Control Plane

Books
GMPLS: Architecture and Applications by Adrian Farrel and Igor Bryskin —Provides a practical look at GMPLS protocols for signaling, routing, link and resource management, and traffic engineering.

Category:Telephony
Category:MPLS networking


Girbau

The Girbau Group is a company that manufactures equipment for laundries. With its headquarters in Vic (Barcelona-Spain), it has four production centres: two in Vic for the commercial division and vended (self-service) division, specialising in the manufacture of equipment for small and medium-sized laundries, and a third one in Vic and another in Aix-les-Bains (France) for the industrial division, corresponding to laundries with higher production requirements. In addition to its own production centres, it has subsidiaries in some fifteen countries plus a network of dealers in over 80 countries around the world.

History
The origins of the Girbau company go back to the mid-1920s with a small electromechanical workshop devoted to manufacturing and repairing all kinds of appliances, including domestic washing machines. In the nineteen sixties, at the height of the tourist boom in Spain, the company gradually shifted its production to the manufacture of industrial machinery for laundries, providing equipment for the hotel and restaurant sector along with an after-sales service.

In 1989 Girbau began its process of internationalisation with its entry into France. Since then Girbau has continued its international expansion progressively, with a presence in other countries and continents in the form of subsidiary companies and branch offices.

Internationalisation: timeline
1989 France
1992 Cuba
1995 USA
1996 The United Kingdom
1997 Brazil
1999 Argentina
2000 The United Arab Emirates
2003 Germany
2004 China
2010 Italy
2011 Australia
2011 The Dominican Republic
2012 Portugal
2015 Cancún
Headquarters: Girbau, SA – Ctra de Manlleu, km1 – 08500 Vic (Barcelona)

References

External links
 Official Website of the Girbau Group
 Official Website of the Girbau UK subsidiary

Category:Manufacturing companies of Spain
Category:Companies based in Barcelona


Brinke Stevens

Brinke Stevens (born Charlene Elizabeth Brinkman; September 20, 1954) is an American actress, model and writer.

Early life
Stevens was born in San Diego and grew up in Crest, California.  She is of German and Mongolian descent and her parents are Charles Brinkman II, an aircraft riveter, and Lorraine Brinkman.

Stevens has studied several foreign languages, including Esperanto, and gained a Bachelor of Science in Biology and Psychology from San Diego State University and a Master of Science in Marine Biology from Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California. Initially intending to study dolphin communication, she was instead tossed out of Scripps for doing "forbidden research" on dolphin communication, largely to do with the Navy's use of dolphins in undersea weapons research at the time.

In 1974, Stevens attended San Diego Comic Con and won first place in the first Masquerade Ball. She was part of running the masquerade at Comic Con for years after her win. Photographer Dan Golden saw a photograph of Stevens in the costume and then hired her for a non-speaking role in the student film Zyzak Is King (1980), and later photographed her for the cover of the first issue of Femme Fatales (1992).

In 1980, Stevens married her college sweetheart Dave Stevens. They moved to Los Angeles where he worked as a storyboard artist on Raiders of the Lost Ark.  The marriage ended in divorce after six months.

Career
While going to a modeling assignment, Stevens was discovered by a producer who cast her in a film as an extra. While leaving a modeling agency, she stopped by an office door to look at film posters on the walls. The occupant, Jacob Bressler, told her to enter and asked for her portfolio. On the basis of that, he cast her in an uncredited, non-speaking role in ...All the Marbles (1981). Stevens' first speaking role was as Linda in The Slumber Party Massacre (1982).

Stevens has appeared in more than 100 feature films, primarily in the genres of horror, science fiction, and fantasy film. She has gained notoriety as a scream queen.

In addition to acting, Stevens has co-written a number of screenplays, co-produced two documentaries, and served as an onset decorator.

Stevens portrayed Julie Quinn, mother of serial killer Wayne Montgomery, in the 2007 horror film Head Case. She reprised her role in the three sequels, 2009's The Ritual, 2010's Post-Mortem, and 2013's Head Cases: Serial Killers in the Delaware Valley.

Brinke Stevens is depicted in the horror novel Bad Moon Rising, the third installment of Jonathan Maberry's "Pine Deep" trilogy, alongside Jim O'Rear, Tom Savini, and Debbie Rochon, published in 2008.

More recently she has appeared in a 2009 documentary Pretty Bloody: The Women of Horror and appeared in the 2013 remake of Die Sister, Die!.

Filmography

References

External links

Category:1954 births
Category:20th-century American actresses
Category:21st-century American actresses
Category:Actresses from San Diego
Category:Writers from San Diego
Category:American film actresses
Category:San Diego State University alumni
Category:Living people
Category:Scripps Institution of Oceanography alumni
Category:Mensans
Category:20th-century American writers
Category:21st-century American writers
Category:21st-century American women writers
Category:20th-century American women writers
Category:Cosplayers


Gregory Ngaji

Gregory Ngaji is a Nigerian politician who served as a member of the national senate for the Cross River North constituency of Cross River State between 2003 and 2011.

Background

Gregory Ngaji was born on 17 November 1946. He attended Mary Knoll College, Okuku, Yala, Cross Rivers State, 1961–1965, obtained an LL.B, from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, in 1977, and obtained a BL from the Nigerian Law School in 1978. Before being elected to the Senate, he was Chairman of the Yala Local Government Area, and he served as a member of the Constitutional Conference (1994–1995).

Senate career

Running as a People's Democratic Party (PDP) candidate, Gregory Ngaji was elected as senator in the 5th (2003–2007) National Assembly representing Cross River North Senatorial District, and was reelected in April 2007. He serves on committees on Water Resources, Science & Technology, Marine Transport, Drugs Narcotics Anti Corruption and Agriculture

He was a member of the senate panel who screened Mrs Farida Waziri in June 2008 for the position as chairman of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC).
In April 2009, he was one of the sponsors of a bill for establishment of Nigerian Transport Commission to replace the Nigeria Shippers Council.
In a mid-term assessment of Nigerian Senators published by This Day, the newspaper noted that Ngaji sponsored the National Space Research and Development Agency Bill, 2008, and was very active in committee assignments, even though not as much in plenary.

In 2008 the National Boundary Commission and the Revenue Allocation Mobilisation and Fiscal Committee transferred control of various oil wells in the Sea of Bakassi from Cross River State to Akwa Ibom State. In July 2009, Gregory Ngaji declared: “What those two agencies have done is illegal and we will do everything to get our oil wells back.

References

Category:Cross River State
Category:Living people
Category:1946 births
Category:Members of the Senate (Nigeria)
Category:People's Democratic Party members of the Senate (Nigeria)
Category:University of Nigeria, Nsukka alumni
Category:21st-century Nigerian politicians


Old Timbers

Old Timbers is a historic home located within Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge (formerly Jefferson Proving Ground) in Shelby Township, Ripley County, Indiana.  It was built in 1932, and is a 1 1/2-story, Bungalow / American Craftsman style stone building. It has a jerkinhead roof and kitchen wing.  It was originally built as a lodge for Alexander Thompson, owner of the Champion Paper Company of Hamilton, Ohio.  The property was acquired by the U.S. Army in 1940.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

References

Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
Category:Bungalow architecture in Indiana
Category:Houses completed in 1932
Category:Buildings and structures in Ripley County, Indiana
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Ripley County, Indiana


Strumaria unguiculata

Strumaria unguiculata is a plant species endemic to Western Cape Province in South Africa.

References

Category:Flora of the Cape Provinces
Category:Strumaria
Category:Plants described in 1935
Category:Taxa named by Dierdré A. Snijman


Sinbyudaing

Sinbyudaing, also known as Sin Byu Daing, () is a small town of Dawei District in the Taninthayi Division of Myanmar. It is located on the western side of the Tenasserim Range near the border with Thailand.

Infrastructure

Currently a road is being built to Dawei (Tavoy) from Bangkok that will improve communication with Myitta town to the northwest and the currently developed Htee Kee /Phu Nam Ron border pass to the southeast. Also a railway line is planned.

History
During the Japanese conquest of Burma, the forces of the Imperial Japanese Army began their invasion crossing the Tenasserim Hills through from Thailand reaching Sinbyudaing on 15 January 1942 and moving westwards to attack Myitta town. The three 6th Burma Rifles companies of the Tavoy garrison posted there were overrun by the Japanese troops.

References

External links
Gold panners on the upper Great Tenasserim (Tanintharyi) River, Sinbyudaing, Tanintharyi, Myanmar (Burma)

Category:Populated places in Tanintharyi Region


Llewellyn M. K. Boelter

Llewellyn Michael Kraus Boelter (August 7, 1898 – July 27, 1966) was an American engineer, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles, and founding Dean of its UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science.

In the late 1920s Boelter came into prominence for by his work in the field heat transfer, for which he had investigated heat transfer in the automobile radiator of the tubular type. F. W. Dittus and Boelter proposed "a convective heat transfer correlation for turbulent flows," which became known as the Dittus-Boelter equation. In 1957 he was awarded the ASME Medal.

Biography

Youth and education
Boelter was born Winona, Minnesota in 1898, son of John Julius Boelter and Clara Carolina (Kraus) Boelter. His ancestors had "endured the ravages of Indian attacks and had served in the battles of the Civil War," which triggered an early and lasting interest in American history.

After regular education in the states of Minnesota and Washington, Boelter obtained his BSc in 1917 at the College of Mechanics of the University of California, Berkeley, now UC Berkeley College of Engineering, and his MSc in Electrical Engineering in 1918. In 1917 he had been awarded a John W. Mackay, Jr., Fellowship in Electrical Engineering to make this happen.

Career and acknowledgement
In 1919 Boelter started his academic career at the University of California, Berkeley as Instructor in Electrical Engineering in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. In 1923 he became Assistant Professor of Experimental Engineering, in 1927 to Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and in 1934 he was appointed Full Professor. In 1943 Boelter served as Associate Dean of Engineering at Berkeley, and in 1944 became founding dean of its College of Engineering, the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. He retired in 1965.

Boelter was awarded the Lamme Award by the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE), the ASME Medal by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) in 1957, and the Max Jakob Memorial Award by the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AICC) and the ASME. Purdue University awarded him the honorary degree of Doctor of Engineering.

Selected publications
 Boelter, Llewellyn Michael Kraus, G. Young, and H. W. Iversen. An investigation of aircraft heaters. University of California, Department of Engineering, 1946.
 Boelter, L. M. K., G. Young, and H. W. Iversen. An Investigation of Aircraft Heaters XXVII: Distribution of Heat-transfer Rate in the Entrance Section of a Circular Tube. NACA Technical Note No. 1451, 1948.
 Boelter, Llewellyn Michael Kraus. Heat transfer notes. Univ of California Press, 1948.
 Seifert, Howard S., and Llewellyn Michael Kraus Boelter, eds. Space Technology. Vol. 1. Wiley, 1959.

Articles, a selection
 F.W. Dittus, L.M.K. Boelter. "Heat transfer in automobile radiator Radiator of the tubular type," University of California at Berkley Publ. Eng., 2 (1930), pp. 443–461
 Martinelli, R. C., Boelter, L. M. K., Weinberg, E. B., & Yakahi, S. (1943). "Heat transfer to a fluid flowing periodically at low frequencies in a vertical tube." Trans. Asme, 65(7), 789-798.
 Boelter, L. M. K., HSj Gordon, and J. R. Griffin. "Free evaporation into air of water from a free horizontal quiet surface." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry 38.6 (1946): 596-600.

References

External links
 Llewellyn Boelter collection, ca. 1971, Purdue University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections
 UCLA Engineering Deans, engineering.ucla.edu (with picture)

Category:1898 births
Category:1966 deaths
Category:American mechanical engineers
Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni
Category:University of California, Berkeley faculty
Category:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Category:People from Winona, Minnesota
Category:ASME Medal recipients
Category:20th-century American engineers


William Clifford

William Clifford may refer to:

 William Clifford (priest) (died 1670), English Roman Catholic theologian
 William Clifford (cricketer) (1811–1841), English cricketer
 William Clifford (actor) (1877–1941), American actor of the silent era
 William Clifford (bishop) (1823–1893), English prelate of the Roman Catholic Church
 William Kingdon Clifford (1845–1879), mathematician and philosopher
 William Clifford Heilman (1877–1946), American composer
 Billy Clifford (soccer), American professional soccer player
 Billy Clifford (footballer) (born 1992), English professional footballer


Silene undulata

Silene undulata (—"white ways/paths", also known as Silene capensis, and African dream root) is a plant native to the Eastern Cape of South Africa.

Cultivation
In cultivation, S. undulata is an easily grown, but moisture hungry herb.  It is tolerant of extreme heat, >, and moderate cold, . A moisture retentive seedbed is essential. The fragrant flowers open at night and close in the day. It is a biennial to short lived perennial and the root can be harvested after the second year.

Uses
Silene undulata is regarded by the Xhosa people as a sacred plant. Its root is traditionally used to induce vivid (and according to the Xhosa, prophetic) lucid dreams during the initiation process of shamans, classifying it a naturally occurring oneirogen similar to the more well-known dream herb Calea zacatechichi.

References

Further reading
 Jean-Francois Sobiecki: Psychoactive Spiritual Medicines and Healing Dynamics in the Initiation Process of Southern Bantu Diviners. In: Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 44, 2012, S. 216–223, .
 Watt, J.M. & Breyer-Brandwijk, M.J. 1962. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern Africa. Second edition. Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone.

External links

Category:Entheogens
Category:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens
Category:Oneirogens
undulata


Butterkist

Butterkist is the United Kingdom's best-selling brand of popcorn, with around 40% of the £90 million market.

History
In 1914, Fred Hoke and James Holcomb begin to sell popcorn machines in Kentucky, United States under the brand of Butter-Kist. As their business developed, vendors began buying popcorn machines and the brand began to spread. In 1938 Butter-Kist machines made their way to the UK via an unknown route, developing the brand as in the United States through sales to cinema audiences. During World War II, the brand developed quickly, thanks to the many United States Army personnel stationed in the UK ready for the invasion of Europe.

After the Second World War, Craven Keiller developed a factory in York to sell Butterkist branded popcorn direct to cinema chains. As many items were rationed in the UK post the Second World War, but the basic ingredients of Butterkist were not, the brand developed into the UK's lead selling popcorn brand. The sales of the brand then followed the development and decline in cinema audiences, so that after the boom of the 1950s and 1980s, by 1998 sales were on another downturn and Craven Keiller sold the brand to Cadbury Trebor Bassett, which in 2000 merged the brand into its Monkhill Confectionery subsidiary and moved production to Pontefract, West Yorkshire.

As part of its development strategy selling off non-core brands, from April 2006 Cadbury Schweppes put Monkhill into a group of non-core brands it would review putting up for sale, and from June 2007 appointed investment bankers Investec to review the sale of Monkhill Confectionery, and its best selling brand Butterkist.

Butterkist, along with other Monkhill brands, was sold to Tangerine Confectionery in February 2008.  The Butterkist brand was sold once again on 17 July 2017 to KP Snacks.

Marketing
After being dropped by various cinema brands in the 1990s, the brand was realigned to the growing home cinema market, with a 350g family sized tub launched with a link to family cinema review site popcorn.co.uk in 2000 in a program run by advertising agency Market Tiers 4DC, before the brand was completely relaunched in 2005, using a heart logo to (quote) "symbolise Britain's love of the Butterkist brand."

Having for many years used the chant logo "Butterkist, Butterkist, Ra ra ra!" the brand is currently marketed under a comedic slant of "Butterkist: the fun's never done..." and tying up with cartoon family The Simpsons from mid-2006.

Presently, approximately 5,000 tonnes of Butterkist are produced each year. The red Butterkist bag is sold exclusively in the UK, and is available to buy in cinemas as well as supermarkets and independent retailers. The Butterkist range includes 25g,  50g, 100g, and 200g (the most popular item in the range), individual bags, a 350g plastic tub, and a 6 x 30g multipack for the toffee variant, and 120g bags and 250g tubs for the Cinema sweet and 80g Salted bag. Butterkist Toffee popcorn is suitable for vegetarians (but not vegans), while Butterkist Cinema sweet popcorn and Salted popcorn is suitable for both vegetarians and vegans. Butterkist is also available as take home, microwave packs in Salted, sweet and butter variants.

According to The Grocer Magazine, there were plans for a chocolate popcorn to be launched sometime in September 2010.

See also

 List of popcorn brands

References

External links
Butterkist
More About Butterkist

Category:British confectionery
Category:Popcorn brands
Category:Cadbury-Schweppes brands
Category:Foods featuring butter
Category:Popcorn