Sumiko Iwao

was a Japanese psychologist, educator, editor and professor emeritus at Keio University in Tokyo. She served as the editor-in-chief of Japan Echo, an English-language magazine and predecessor of Nippon.com, from 1997 until 2007, as well as a member of the Echo's editorial board from 1985 until 2007.

Iwao was born on January 2, 1935. She graduated from Keio University in Tokyo and then obtained her doctorate in psychology from Yale University in the U.S. state of Connecticut. She served as a professor at Keio University and Musashi Institute of Technology (present-day Tokyo City University), as well as a visiting professor at Harvard University in the United States.

She chaired the national Council on Gender Equality and served on the National Public Safety Commission of Japan, in addition to other government and public service posts. In addition to her work as a profession and social psychologist, Iwao authored numerous books and papers focusing on women in Japan, foreigners in Japan (often called Gaijin), and the Japanese media. Her best known works included "The Japanese Woman: Traditional Image and Changing Reality", which was published in 1992.

Iwao retired from Keio University in 2005 and stepped down as editor-in-chief of Japan Echo in 2007. However, she remained active in children's education, especially for girls. Iwao was chairwoman of Group Kilimanjaro, which operates the Sakura Girls Secondary School, a boarding school in Tanzania.

In 2007, Iwao was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun.

Sumiko Iwao died on January 11, 2018, at the age of 83.

References

Category:1935 births
Category:2018 deaths
Category:Japanese psychologists
Category:Social psychologists
Category:Japanese academics
Category:Japanese magazine editors
Category:Japanese non-fiction writers
Category:Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun
Category:Keio University faculty
Category:Harvard University faculty
Category:Keio University alumni
Category:Yale University alumni
Category:Japanese expatriates in the United States
Category:People from Tokyo
Category:Women psychologists
Category:Women magazine editors


Sisters of Charity of Nazareth

The Congregation of the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth (SCN) is a Roman Catholic order of nuns.  It was founded in 1812 near Bardstown, Kentucky when three young women responded to Bishop John Baptist Mary David's call for assistance in ministering to the needs of the people of the area.

History
The Sisters of Charity of Nazareth were founded in 1812. Mother Catherine Spalding, along with Bishop John Baptist David, are honored together and remembered as co-founders of the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth.

In 1812, in the newly formed diocese of Bardstown, Kentucky, Bishop Benedict Flaget was overwhelmed by the responsibility of providing religious education for the children of Catholic families who had migrated to Kentucky from Maryland after the Revolutionary War. In response to this need, Father John Baptist David, who had recently established St. Thomas Seminary, called for young women willing to devote their lives to the service of the Church. From among a group of six women that responded to the call, nineteen-year-old Catherine Spalding, originally from Maryland, was elected first superior of the Congregation. Mother Catherine guided the young Congregation for forty-five years.

The new community followed the rule of St. Vincent de Paul and their dwelling was named Nazareth. The symbol of the congregation is the pelican feeding its young from its own body. The Sisters' spiritual formation and service to their neighbors steadily expanded on the Kentucky frontier and beyond.

Ministry
Their education ministry began in 1814 when the first school, Nazareth Academy, was opened at the motherhouse near Bardstown. Spalding founded Presentation Academy in Louisville, Kentucky in 1831. The Academy began to grant degrees in 1829.

In 1920, the Sisters opened Nazareth College in Louisville, Kentucky's first, four-year, Catholic college for women. The Louisville and Nazareth campuses merged. and in 1969, the school was renamed Spalding College. Two years later, all instructional activity was moved to the Louisville campus. Former dorms on SCN’s campus now function as affordable housing for the elderly and disabled. In 1984, Spalding College became Spalding University.

In 1833, when cholera struck, SCNs nursed victims of the disease. So began their health care ministry, which continued as the sisters served in military hospitals during the Civil War.

Present Day
Founded as a diocesan community, they are now an international congregation, both in ministry and membership. As of 2018, 550 sisters were serving in 20 states in the U.S., in India, Nepal, Botswana, and Belize.

Since the beginning years of the congregation, SCNs have been involved in a variety of ministries, responding to the needs of the times. In 1832, when Catherine Spalding brought home two orphans left on the wharf in Louisville, their social work ministry began.  Pastoral ministry later emerged within the congregation as a distinct form of ministry after Vatican II as they followed the call of the Church to respond to the signs of the times.

They are committed to six priorities in ministry: promoting peace, promoting humanization of values, opposing racism, alleviating poverty, supporting women's issues and supporting environmental issues. Through their daily lives and ministries, in collaboration with their Associates and others, they are living out these priorities to meet the changing needs of today's world in their spirit of pioneering.

Motto
"Caritas Christi Urget Nos" – The Love of Christ Impels Us.

Mission

Their website reads: "The Sisters of Charity of Nazareth are an international Congregation in a multicultural world. Impelled by the love of Christ, in the tradition of Vincent de Paul and the pioneer spirit of Catherine Spalding, Sisters and Associates are committed to work for justice in solidarity with oppressed peoples, especially the economically poor and women, and to care for the earth. They risk their lives and resources, both personally and corporately, as they engage in diverse ministries in carrying out this mission."

See also
 St. Thomas-St. Vincent Orphanage

Notes

Sources
http://ncronline.org/news/women-religious/sisters-charity-nazareth-celebrate-two-centuries-service

External links
Sisters of Charity of Nazareth

Category:Catholic religious institutes established in the 19th century
Nazareth
Category:History of women in Kentucky
Category:Catholic female orders and societies
Category:Religious organizations established in 1812
Category:1812 establishments in the United States


Antimicrobial stewardship

Antimicrobial stewardship is the systematic effort to educate and persuade prescribers of antimicrobials to follow evidence-based prescribing, in order to stem antibiotic overuse, and thus antimicrobial resistance. AMS has been an organized effort of specialists in infectious diseases, both in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics with their respective peer-organizations, hospital pharmacists,  the public health community and their professional organizations since the late 1990s. It has first been implemented in hospitals. In the U.S., within the context of physicians' prescribing freedom (choice of prescription drugs), AMS has largely been voluntary self-regulation in the form of policies and appeals to adhere to a prescribing self-discipline. At hospitals, this may take the form of an antimicrobial stewardship program. As of 2019, California and Missouri have made AMS programs mandatory by law.

Definition and goals
The 2007 definition by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) defines AMS as a "set of coordinated strategies to improve the use of antimicrobial medications with the goal to
 enhance patient health outcomes,
 reduce antibiotic resistance, and
 decrease unnecessary costs".

Decreasing the overuse of antimicrobials is expected to serve the following goals:
 improve patient outcomes, especially patient safety
 decrease adverse drug reactions such as hypersensitivity reactions or kidney or heart damage (e.g., QT prolongation).
 decrease antibiotic-associated disease, such as Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea, other antibiotic-associated diarrheas, and invasive candidiasis
 guard the patient's microbiome, including the gut flora, respiratory tract flora, urogenital tract flora, and skin flora (this is closely related to the preceding goal of preventing antibiotic-associated disease)
 decrease wasted costs
 slow the increase in antimicrobial resistance
 prevent unforeseen environmental degradation, such as likely adverse effects of altering biotas and animal microbiotas by pervading the water cycle with antimicrobials in wastewater

History
Antimicrobial misuse was recognized as early as the 1940s, when Alexander Fleming remarked on penicillin's decreasing efficacy, because of its overuse.

In 1966, the first systematic assessment of antibiotic use in the Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada general hospital was published: Medical records were reviewed during two non-consecutive four-month periods (medicine, psychiatry, urology, gynecology and surgery, orthopedics, neurosurgery, ear, nose and throat, and ophthalmology). Information was coded on punched cards using 78 columns.
Others in 1968 estimated that 50% of antimicrobial use was either unnecessary or inappropriate  This figure is likely the lower end of the estimate, and continues to be referenced as of 2015.

In the 1970s the first clinical pharmacy services were established in North American hospitals. The first formal evaluation of antibiotic use in children regarding antibiotic choice, dose and necessity of treatment was undertaken at The Children's Hospital of Winnipeg. Researchers observed errors in therapy in 30% of medical orders and 63% of surgical orders.  The most frequent error was unnecessary treatment found in 13% of medical and 45% of surgical orders. The authors stated "Many find it difficult to accept that there are standards against which therapy may be judged."

In the 1980s the antibiotic class of cephalosporins was introduced, further increasing bacterial resistance. During this decade infection control programs began to be established in hospitals, which systematically recorded and investigated hospital-acquired infections. Evidence-based treatment guidelines and regulation of antibiotic use surfaced. Australian researchers published the first medical guideline outcomes research.

The term AMS was coined in 1996 by two internists at Emory University School of Medicine, John McGowan and Dale Gerding, a specialist on C. difficile. They suggested "...large-scale, well-controlled trials of antimicrobial use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular biological organism typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis [...] to determine the best methods to prevent and control this problem [antimicrobial resistance] and ensure our optimal antimicrobial use stewardship" and that "...the long-term effects of antimicrobial selection, dosage, and duration of treatment on resistance development should be a part of every antimicrobial treatment decision."

In 1997, SHEA and the Infectious Diseases Society of America published guidelines to prevent antimicrobial resistance arguing that "…appropriate antimicrobial stewardship, that includes optimal selection, dose, and duration of treatment, as well as control of antibiotic use, will prevent or slow the emergence of resistance among microorganisms."

Ten years later, in 2007, bacterial, antiviral and antifungal resistance had risen to such a degree that the CDC rang the alarm . The same year, IDSA and SHEA published guidelines for developing an AMS program.  Also in 2007, the first pediatric publication used the term AMS.

A survey of pediatric infectious disease consultants in 2008 by the Emerging Infectious Disease Network revealed that only 45 (33%) respondents had an AMS program, mostly from before 2000, and another 25 (18%) planned an ASP (data unpublished).

In 2012, the SHEA, IDSA and PIDS published a joint policy statement on AMS.

The CDC's NHSN has been monitoring antimicrobial use and resistance in hospitals that volunteer to provide data.

On September 18, 2014, President Barack Obama issued an Executive Order 13676, "Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria.' This Executive Order charged a Task Force to develop a 5-Year Action Plan that included steps to reduce the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and ensure continued availability of effective therapies for infections. Improved antimicrobial stewardship is one of the charges of this Executive Order. The Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB) was formed in response to this Executive Order.

In 2014, the CDC recommended, that all US hospitals have an antibiotic stewardship program.

The Joint Commission has approved regulations which go into effect January 1, 2017 detailing that hospitals should have an Antimicrobial Stewardship team consisting of Infection preventionist(s), Pharmacist(s), and a Practitioner to write protocols and develop projects focused on the appropriate use of antibiotics.  Effective January 1, 2020, The Joint Commission has issued a new standard that antimicrobial stewardship requirements will be expanded to ambulatory (outpatient) health care organizations as well.

Locations
AMS is needed wherever antimicrobials are prescribed in human medicine, namely in hospitals, outpatient clinics, and long term care institutions, including hospice.

Guidelines for prudent or judicious use in veterinary medicine have been developed by the Canadian Veterinary Medicine Association in 2008. A particular problem is that veterinarians are both prescribers and dispensers. Regulators and the veterinary community in the European Union have been discussing the separation of these activities.

Participants

Antimicrobial stewardship focuses on prescribers, be it physician, physician assistant, nurse practitioner, on the prescription and the microorganism, if any. At a hospital, AMS can be organized in the form of an AMS committee that meets monthly. The day-to-day work is done by a core group, usually an infectious disease physician, who may or may not serve in hospital epidemiology and infection control, or/ and an infectious diseases or antimicrobial certified pharmacist, ideally but rarely aided by an information technologist. In most cases, both the infectious diseases physician and the infectious diseases pharmacist co-chair the AMS committee and both serve as the directors and champions of the AMS program and committee. The entire committee may include physician representatives, who are top antimicrobial prescribers such as physicians in intensive care medicine, Hematology -Oncology, cystic fibrosis clinicians or hospitalists, a microbiologist, a quality improvement (QI) specialist, and a representative from hospital administration.  Six infectious diseases organizations, SHEA, Infectious Diseases Society of America, MAD-ID, National Foundation for Infectious Diseases PIDS, and Society of Infectious Disease Pharmacists, published joint guidance for the knowledge and skills required for antimicrobial stewardship leaders.

For an AMS program to be established the institution has to recognize its value. In the US it has become customary to present a business plan to the executive officers of the hospital administration.

Program components
The CDC recommends essential components of AMS programs for acute care hospitals, small and critical access hospitals, resource-limited facilities, long-term care facilities, and outpatient facilities.

As of 2014, thirteen internet-based institutional ASP resources in US academic medical centers had been published. An AMS program has the following tasks, in line with quality improvement theory:

Baseline assessment
Parts of the baseline assessment are to:
Measure baseline antimicrobial use, dosing, duration, costs and use patterns.
Study type of microbial isolates, susceptibilities, and trends thereof
Identify clinician indications for prescriptions.

In hospitals and clinics using electronic medical records, information technology resources are crucial to hone in on these questions. As of 2015, commercial computer surveillance software programs for microbiology and antimicrobial administrations appear to outnumber "homegrown" institutional programs, and include, but are not limited to TREAT Steward, TheraDoc, Sentri7, and Vigilanz.

Goals of desirable antimicrobial use
For the desired antimicrobial use, goals need to be formulated:
Define "appropriate", rational antimicrobial use for the institution, individual patient units, and define empiric treatment versus culture-directed antimicrobial treatment.
Establish treatment guidelines for clinical syndromes. These can be disseminated in the form of memos, in-services or grand rounds and may be most effective in the form of decision making tools at the point of ordering the prescription.

Interventions on antimicrobial prescribing
The actual interventions on antimicrobial prescribing consist of numerous elements

Provide feedback, continuing education
Survey prescriber knowledge about antibiotics, antifungal or antiviral drugs.
Provide targeted education about particular antibiotics, or one specific antimicrobial at a time, as well as empiric treatment for syndromes versus culture directed treatment.
Assist in making duration more visible to prescribers. Some institutions use automatic stop orders.
Decreasing diagnostic uncertainty by appropriate testing, including rapid diagnostic methods. The most effective strategy to decrease diagnostic uncertainty would be to align the focus with other safety projects, and QI measures (e.g. blood management, adverse effects etc.).

Biomerieux has published case studies of countries that introduced AMS.

Interventions
The day-to-day work of the core AMS members is to screen patients' medical records for some of the following questions, in order of importance:
Appropriate antimicrobial choice based on susceptibility, avoiding redundance ?
Appropriate dose (mg/kg dosing in children) ?
Appropriate dosing interval according to age, weight and renal function or drug-drug interaction?
Appropriate deescalation of antimicrobials after culture results are final ?
Appropriate administration route and feasibility of drug conversion from intravenous to by mouth (PO)?

If the answer is no, the team needs to effectively communicate a recommendation, which may be in person or in the medical record.

Further tasks are:
Automatic review of the medical record after 72h empiric use, culture results, other laboratory data
Advise on appropriate duration of antimicrobial therapy
Annual report to administration, calculation of cost savings if any.

Outcomes to measure
 Two pediatric infectious disease physicians have suggested to look at the following variables to judge the outcome of AMS interventions:
 Annual pharmacy acquisition costs
 Antibiotic days/1,000 patient days
 Identifying "drug-bug mismatches"
 IV to oral conversion
 Optimal dosing
 Stopping redundant therapy
 Reducing adverse events
 Overall compliance with ASP recommendations
When examining the relationship between an outcome and an intervention, the epidemiological method of time series analysis is preferred, because it accounts for the dependence between time points.
A recent global stewardship survey identified barriers to the initiation, development and implementation of stewardship programmes internationally.

Controversies
At this time the optimal metrics to benchmark antimicrobial use are still controversial.
To measure unit of antimicrobials consumed, one can use 'Days Of Therapy' (DOT) or Defined Daily Dose (DDD). The former is more commonly used in the US, the latter is more commonly used in Europe.
Data source for the use: The electronic medication administration record (eMAR) is the most accurate correlate for doses given, but may be difficult to analyze, because of hold orders and patient refusal, as opposed to administrative or billing data, that may be easier to obtain.
The question of "appropriateness of use" is probably the most controversial. Appropriate use depends on the local antimicrobial resistance profile and therefore has different regional answers. Merely the "amount" of antibiotics used is no straightforward metric for appropriateness.
In regard to the most effective AMS intervention, the answer will depend on the size of the institution and the resources available: The system of "prior approval" of antimicrobials by infectious diseases has been used first historically. It is very time- and labor-intensive, and prescribers do not like its restrictive character. Increasingly "post-prescription review" is used.
Although education consistently shows improvement in participants' knowledge and attitudes, the results do not always translate to better practice.
It can be difficult to decide if a clinical syndrome or a particular drug should be targeted for interventions and education.
How to best modify prescriber behavior has been the subject of controversy and research. At issue is how feedback is presented to prescribers, individually, in aggregate, with or without peer comparisons, and whether to reward or punish.
As long as the best quality metrics for an AMS program are unknown, a combination of antimicrobial consumption, antimicrobial resistance, and antimicrobial and drug resistant organism related mortality are used.

See also
Antibiotic resistance
Broad vs narrow-spectrum antibiotics

References

External links
Antimicrobial Stewardship: Implementation Tools & Resources Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)
Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs CDC
Antimicrobial Stewardship Project, at the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP), University of Minnesota
Promoting Antimicrobial Stewardship in Human Medicine Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)
Surveillance of antimicrobial use WHO
Commitments to Responsible Use of Antimicrobials in Humans WHO 13–14 November 2014
Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Tufts University Boston, MA
Protect Antibiotics Toolkit Health Care Without Harm
Global Resource Action Center for the Environment (GRACE)
Center for Science in the Public Interest
Antibiotics in Groundwater Change Bacterial Ecology US Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program]
Treat Systems Example of a software tool supporting Antimicrobial Stewardship

Category:Antibiotic resistance
Category:Health care quality


Cicero station (CTA Green Line)

Cicero is a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's 'L' system, serving the Green Line.  It opened on March 3, 1894, and serves the Austin neighborhood on Chicago's West side. Until 1948, the next station towards the Chicago Loop was . The station is 24 blocks east and 2 blocks north of Harlem.

Bus connections
CTA
  54 Cicero

Pace
  392 Green Line Cicero CTA/UPS Hodgkins (Weekday UPS shifts only)

Notes and references

Notes

References

External links
 Cicero (Lake Street Line) Station Page
Cicero Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View
Kilpatrick Avenue closed entrance from Google Maps Street View

Category:CTA Green Line stations
Category:Railway stations opened in 1894


Peace, Love, Death Metal

Peace, Love, Death Metal is the debut studio album by Eagles of Death Metal, released by AntAcidAudio on March 23, 2004.

Making of the album
Eagles of Death Metal is a garage rock band fronted by Jesse Hughes. The album was recorded primarily by Hughes (credited as "J. Devil Huge" or "Mr. Boogie Man") and Josh Homme (credit as "Carlo von Sexron" or "Baby Duck"), and featured guest appearances by Tim Vanhamel, Brody Dalle, Nick Oliveri, Alain Johannes, and Natasha Shneider.

Homme told MTV News that the band is led by Hughes: "I just sit behind the drums and play rock and roll, which is a great change of pace for me. J. Devil writes everything, every lyric and riff, and he's a fantastic songwriter. He and I go through and arrange them, and I lay down harmonies, but it's really his thing. It's the antithesis of the bloated rock-attitude bullshit I've had to deal with recently." Homme promoted the band and wore one of its t-shirts when appearing on the Lollapalooza tour with his main band Queens of the Stone Age in 2003.

Track listing
All tracks by Jesse Hughes and Josh Homme, except where noted.

On the UK and the European release there are two extra tracks: "Miss Sanders" and "Just Nineteen". A re-recorded version of the latter appears on the band's follow up Death By Sexy. The European release also featured the video for "Midnight Creeper". The band has shot videos for "I Only Want You" and "Speaking in Tongues". The melody for "Kiss the Devil" is based on the traditional folk song "Sugar Baby".

The band were performing the song "Kiss the Devil" at the Bataclan on 13 November 2015 when an attack killed 89 fans.

In popular culture
 "I Only Want You" was used in the 2004 racing game Gran Turismo 4, the series Queer as Folk, Windows 8 advertisements, and as downloadable content for the Rock Band video game series
 "Speaking in Tongues" was featured in the film Domino, an episode of the TV show Viva La Bam, and in the film Watching The Detectives
 "Flames Go Higher" was used in an episode of the series The O.C. and the film Circle of Eight
 "Miss Alissa" was used in the 2014 Nike commercials named "Winner Stays On" and "The Last Game"
 "Stuck in the Metal" was used in the Shaun White snowboarding and skateboarding video The White Album
 "San Berdoo Sunburn" was used in the 2005 film Domino and the 2017 film Lammbock 2

Personnel
Eagles of Death Metal
Jesse Hughes ("J. Devil Huge") – guitar, vocals, drums on "Bad Dream Mama", "Already Died" & "Miss Alissa", +9 vorpal blade on "Bad Dream Mama"
Joshua Homme ("Baby Duck") – drums, backing vocals, percussion on "Bad Dream Mama", "Already Died" & "Miss Alissa", bass on "Whorehoppin' (Shit, Goddamn)"

Additional
Brody Dalle ("Queen (B)rodie") – backing vocals on "Speaking in Tongues"
Micah Roy "Strongarm" Hughes – backing vocals on "Speaking in Tongues", rhythm howling on "Miss Alissa"
Alain Johannes – piano on "English Girl", "Kiss the Devil" & "Wastin' My Time", backing vocals on "Wastin' My Time"
Nick Oliveri – bass on "Already Died" & "San Berdoo Sunburn"
Natasha Shneider – backing vocals on "Kiss the Devil"
Tim Vanhamel – backing vocals on "Speaking in Tongues"

References

External links
Rolling Stone review
NME article

Category:Eagles of Death Metal albums
Category:2004 debut albums
Category:Albums produced by Josh Homme


Purnia (Lok Sabha constituency)

Purnia Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Purnea) () is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India.

Assembly segments
Presently, Purnia Lok Sabha constituency comprises the following six Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) segments:
 Kasba
 Banmankhi
 Rupauli
 Dhamdaha
 Purnia
 Korha

Members of Parliament
The following is the list of the Members of Parliament elected from this constituency

General Election Result

See also
 Purnia district
 List of Constituencies of the Lok Sabha
 Kolasi
 Katihar

References

External links
Purnia lok sabha  constituency election 2019 date and schedule

Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Bihar
Category:Politics of Purnia district
Category:Politics of Katihar district


1978 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's 1500 metres

The women's 1500 metres event  at the 1978 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held on 12 March in Milan.

Results

References

Category:1500 metres at the European Athletics Indoor Championships
1500
Euro


Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Afghanistan)

The Afghan Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) ( ) is the ministry responsible for managing the Foreign relations of Afghanistan.

Foreign Ministers of Afghanistan

See also
 Ministry of Defense (Afghanistan)

References

External links
 Official Website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 Official Facebook Page of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Foreign Affairs
Category:Foreign relations of Afghanistan
Afghanistan


129th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)

The 129th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that served during both the First and Second World Wars. In both wars the brigade was part of 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division.

History

Formation
The brigade was originally formed in 1908 in the Territorial Force as the South Western Brigade attached to the Wessex Division. It was composed of four Volunteer battalions, two, the 4th and 5th, of the Prince Albert's (Somerset Light Infantry), the 4th Battalion of the Dorsetshire Regiment and one, the 4th Battalion, of the Duke of Edinburgh's (Wiltshire Regiment).

First World War
The division was mobilised in August 1914, shortly after the outbreak of the Great War. The division was sent overseas to India to free up Regular Army troops for service on the Western Front in France and Belgium. In 1915 the division was numbered as the 43rd (Wessex) Division and the brigade became the 129th (1/1st South Western) Brigade. However, the division, and the brigade, never saw action and was disbanded later in the war but many of the divisions units saw service with mainly British Indian Army brigades and divisions.

First World War order of battle
 1/4th Battalion, Prince Albert's (Somerset Light Infantry) (until February 1916)
 1/5th Battalion, Prince Albert's (Somerset Light Infantry) (until May 1917)
 1/4th Battalion, Dorsetshire Regiment (until February 1916)
 1/4th Battalion, Duke of Edinburgh's (Wiltshire Regiment) (until September 1917)

Between the wars
The Territorial Force was disbanded shortly after the end of the Great War. It was, however, reformed as the Territorial Army in 1920 and both the 43rd Division and the brigade were also reformed. The brigade was now known as 129th (South Western) Infantry Brigade, composed of the same battalions it had before the Great War and this was the composition of the brigade for most of the inter-war years.

In 1938 all infantry brigades were reduced from four to three battalions and so, as a result, the 4th Battalion, Dorset Regiment was transferred to the 128th (Hampshire) Infantry Brigade. In 1939 the brigade was redesignated as 129th Infantry Brigade and the 4th Dorsets was transferred to the 130th Infantry Brigade. In the same year, the 5th Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment, formed as a 2nd Line duplicate of the 4th Wilts when the Territorials were doubled in size, also joined the brigade and the 5th Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry was transferred to 135th Infantry Brigade, part of 45th (Wessex) Infantry Division, which was formed as a 2nd Line duplicate of the 43rd (Wessex).

Second World War
The brigade served with the division throughout the Second World War and spent from 1939 until June 1944 in intensive training throughout the United Kingdom, particularly in Kent. They were training for the invasion of France and landed in Normandy in late June 1944. They fought in the Normandy Campaign, Operation Market Garden, the Battle of the Bulge and the Rhine Crossing.

Order of battle
 4th Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry
 4th Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment
 5th Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment
 129th Infantry Brigade Anti-Tank Company (formed 14 May 1940, disbanded 20 December 1941)

Commanders
 Brig. G.E.M. Whittuck
 Brig. W.K.M. Leader
 Brig. G. Brunskill (11 March 1941–11th Aug.1942)
 Brig. G.H.L. Mole
 Brig. J.O.E. Vandeleur
 Brig. W.R. Cox

See also

 135th (2/1st South Western) Brigade for the 2nd Line formation
 British infantry brigades of the First World War
 British brigades of the Second World War

References

External links

Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War I
Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War II
Category:Military units and formations established in 1908
Category:1908 establishments in the United Kingdom


Kanyama Chiume

Kanyama Chiume (22 November 1929 – 21 November 2007), born Murray William Kanyama Chiume, was a leading nationalist in the struggle for Malawi's independence in the 1950s and 1960s. He was also one of the leaders of the Nyasaland African Congress and served as the Minister of Education and the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the 1960s before fleeing the country after the 1964 Cabinet Crisis.

Early life and education
CHiume was born in Nkhata Bay District, Nyasaland, and described his given name, Kanyama, as meaning "another piece of meat for you," a wry joke by parents who had grown wearily accustomed to death in their family. Chiume's younger brother died at two months, and Chiume's own mother died the following day, aged 37. After the funeral, Chiume went with his uncle to his native Tanganyika (now Tanzania). He attended schools in Dar es Salaam in the mid-1940s, at a time when this coastal city was a hotbed of African nationalist political activity. In his last year at Tabora Upper School he became Secretary of the Debating Society, polishing rhetorical skills which would later be much admired when he entered politics in Nyasaland (now Malawi). At Tabora Upper School he reportedly invited an alumnus, Julius Nyerere, to join him in debating against white colonial teachers and administrators on political subjects. According to Chiume in his autobiography (the strict veracity of which has sometimes been questioned), they were so successful in this debate that the school threatened him with expulsion. Nyerere later became the first leader of independent Tanzania.

In 1949, Chiume went to Makerere College in Kampala, Uganda, the premier university in East Africa,  and in 1951 he was admitted into Makerere College's Medicine School. He later changed his major to Education, after discovering that he "could not stand human dissection", specializing in Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Among his contemporaries at Makerere were people who would in later life become some of Africa's most accomplished scholars and public officials, including B. Ogot, Kenya's celebrated historian and Chancellor of Moi University in Eldoret, and the second Kenyan president Mwai Kibaki. He was president of the Makerere College Political Society, while Mwai Kibaki was a committee member. Later he was joined at Makerere by other Nyasas, Vincent Gondwe, David Rubadiri (former Vice Chancellor of the University of Malawi), and Augustine Bwanausi (former Malawi cabinet minister). Chiume was also chairperson of the Makerere College Education Society. Chiume and other students formed a Nyasaland Students Association at Makerere, an association that helped the Nyasaland African Congress by doing research, and by also linking up with fellow Nyasas at Fort Hare College, where Henry Masauko Chipembere, a lifelong friend and political colleague of Chiume's, went for his own university education. Another future leader of Nyasa nationalism, Dunduzu Chisiza, was also active in the Nyasaland Students Association at this time.

After graduating from college Chiume taught at Alliance Secondary School in Dodoma, Tanganyika. He resigned after the white headmaster insinuated that the presence of a pre-adolescent girl in Chiume's house might create immoral temptations. Chiume was extremely offended by the remark, which further gave him resolve to fight for the dignity of Africans. "I had made up my mind there and then to plunge myself into politics and to help remove the obstacles that lay before Africans who wished to have human dignity. I was determined to try and play my part, however small, to free Mother Africa" (from his autobiography). He then went to study law, on a scholarship, at Ramjas College in Delhi, India. Upon being approached by the Nyasaland African Congress to stand in the country's first general election in 1956, Chiume accepted, and decided not to further pursue his interest in law.

Malawi Independence
In 1955, Nyasaland adopted a new constitution designed to give more representation to Africans, and in the elections which followed Chiume, along with Henry Chipembere, became one of five African representatives in the Legislative Council. He and Chipembere electrified the native population with their vigorous speeches and combative questions in the legislature, which had until then been a somewhat sedate body. As a result, Hansard, the official record of the Council's proceedings, became a bestseller among Nyasa Africans.

Along with Chipembere and the Chisiza brothers (Dunduzu and Yatuta), Chiume became a driving force in organizing popular support in the mid to late 1950s for Hastings Banda and in persuading Banda to return to Nyasaland in order to lead the country to independence. He was given a senior post in the Congress at the Nkhata Bay conference in August 1958 when it adopted Dr Banda as its unquestioned leader.

In March 1959, Chiume avoided arrest while he was in London during "Operation Sunrise" when the local colonial government rounded up and interned members of the Nyasaland African Congress during the state of emergency. In July 1960 he joined Banda, Orton Chirwa, Aleke Banda and other prominent Africans at the Nyasaland Constitutional Conference in London. It was here that British Government decided that Nyasaland (Malawi) should become self-governing by early 1963, and that Banda, should become prime minister.  Chiume was made Minister of Education in 1962 and went on to become Foreign Minister in the first government formed after Malawi's official independence in July 1964.

Tanzania exile
Chiume was a key leader in the 1964 Malawi Cabinet Crisis. He was labeled the leader of the crisis and an enemy of Banda after displeasing Banda with a speech in Cairo during a conference for the Organisation of African Unity. He was subsequently driven out of the (now renamed) Malawi Congress Party and exiled to Tanzania from 1964 to 1994.

While in exile, Chiume became active with Tanzania's "The Nationalist," "Daily News and Sunday News," and "Uhuru" newspapers. He also became and author and publisher of numerous books. He returned to Malawi in 1994 after internal and international pressure on Dr. Banda. After his return Chiume briefly served as Chairman of Malawi National Library Service and the Malawi Book Service. He retired from active politics and eventually moved to New York to live with family before his death on November 21, 2007.

Death
Kanyama Chiume retired from active politics and eventually moved to New York to live with his family until his death on November 21, 2007. He died after complaining of depression.

The remains of the veteran politician arrived back in Lilongwe, Malawi on November 29, 2007.

President of Malawi, Dr. Bingu wa Mutharika was there to welcome the one time leading nationalist and former senior member of the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC). Full military honours were awarded to Chiume.

References
  Report of the Nyasaland Commission of Inquiry, British Colonial Office Cmnd. 814, July 1959.
 Chiume: Autobiography of Kanyama Chiume, Panaf, 1982, by Kanyama Chiume, Panaf, 1982.
 The Rise of Nationalism in Central Africa, by Robert I. Rotberg, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965
 Banda, by Philip Short, London: Routledge & Kegan 1974
 Malawi, the Politics of Despair, by T. David Williams, Cornell University Press, 1978
 Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era, by Godfrey Mwakikagile, Pretoria, South Africa: New Africa Press, 2006
 Kanyama Chiume Official Website
 Godfrey Mwakikagile: Eurocentric Africanist?
https://sites.google.com/site/intercontinentalbookcentre/godfrey-mwakikagile-a-eurocentric-pan-africanist

Category:1929 births
Category:2007 deaths
Category:Makerere University alumni
Category:Government ministers of Malawi
Category:Malawi Congress Party politicians
Category:Malawian exiles
Category:Malawian expatriates in Tanzania
Category:Malawian emigrants to the United States


Gürol Karamahmut

Gürol Karamahmut (born in 1980) is a Turkish professional basketball player. He currently plays for Mersin Büyükşehir Belediyesi.

References

Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:Galatasaray S.K. (men's basketball) players
Category:Mersin Büyükşehir Belediyesi S.K. players
Category:Turkish men's basketball players


Ron Pratt

Ronald Ernest Charles Pratt (5 May 1928 – 1 June 1977) was an English first-class cricketer active 1952–59 who played for Surrey. He was born in Balham; died in Epsom.

References

Category:1928 births
Category:1977 deaths
Category:English cricketers
Category:Surrey cricketers


Edward Tiffin

Edward Tiffin (June 19, 1766August 9, 1829) was a Democratic-Republican politician from Ohio, and first Governor of the state.

Biography
Sources indicate that he was born in Carlisle; however he may have been born in or near Workington — also in the then county of Cumberland, England. Tiffin attended the Latin school in Carlisle, and became an apprentice to a student of medicine in 1778. Six years later he completed his apprenticeship. His family emigrated to Virginia in 1783, and he began practicing medicine at the age of seventeen.

In 1789, he married Mary Worthington of Berkeley County, sister of future Governor of Ohio Thomas Worthington. She died, childless, in 1808. A year after their marriage, the Tiffins joined the Methodist church after hearing the preaching of Thomas Scott, who would be their neighbor and friend for many years. Bishop Asbury ordained Tiffin a deacon of the Methodist church November 19, 1792, authorizing him to preach. Tiffin and Worthington inherited sixteen slaves when Worthington's father died. They each decided to manumit their slaves and move to the Northwest Territory, where slavery was outlawed. Tiffin headed westward, along with Thomas Worthington, in 1798, settling in Chillicothe, Ohio.

The Northwest
Tiffin became the first doctor in Chillicothe, traveling on horseback, day and night, to treat the afflicted. He arrived with a letter addressed to the governor of the Northwest Territory, Arthur St. Clair from George Washington, recommending him for public office. Tiffin served as the Speaker of the Territorial House of Representatives from 1799–1801 and as president of the 1802 Constitutional Convention.  He was a leader of the Chillicothe Junto, a group of Chillicothe Democratic-Republican politicians who brought about the admission of Ohio as a state in 1803 and largely controlled its politics for some years thereafter. Among his colleagues in the faction were Thomas Worthington and Nathaniel Massie.

Tiffin was the obvious choice for the governorship when Ohio was admitted to the Union. He was elected almost without opposition to a first term and re-elected by similarly overwhelming numbers two years later. Tiffin acted promptly to stop the Burr conspiracy in his second term.

Tiffin was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1806 and resigned the governorship in March 1807 to take his seat. He served only two years, however, resigning after the death of his wife. "He was ever faithful to the interests of the West and diligent in seeking the welfare of its inhabitants. He procured an appropriation of public money for the improvement of the Ohio River. He secured better and speedier transportation of the mails; a better and more rapid system for the surveys of western lands; and urged such modifications of the laws regarding sales of western land as would, to use his own words, 'guard the purchasers of them from unnecessary embarrassments and frequent ruin.' " He also voted for the expulsion of the other Ohio Senator, John Smith, who had been implicated in the Burr Conspiracy. He spent only a few months at home, however, before being elected to the Ohio House of Representatives, where he served as speaker from 1809–11. Tiffin remarried April 16, 1809 to Mary Porter, originally from Delaware, and then of Ross County. Tiffin became the first commissioner of the General Land Office, which managed allocations of Federal lands.

He quickly helped remove the Federal records from Washington before it was sacked during the War of 1812. In 1814, he became the Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory, exchanging positions with Josiah Meigs so that he might spend more time near his home in Chillicothe. Tiffin served in the post until his death.

Death
Tiffin was buried in Grandview Cemetery, Chillicothe, Ross County, Ohio. His death was reported in the newspapers, such as this notice in the Brattleboro Messenger (Brattleboro, VT), Sep. 18, 1829, p. 3:
At Chillicothe, Doct. Edward Tiffin, formerly Governor of Ohio, and late Surveyor General of the United States, aged 64 years.

Legacy
The city of Tiffin in northwestern Ohio was named in honor of Tiffin in 1822.

See also
 List of United States Senators born outside the United States
 List of U.S. state governors born outside the United States

Notes

References

External links

Category:1766 births
Category:1829 deaths
Category:Governors of Ohio
Category:Speakers of the Ohio House of Representatives
Category:Northwest Territory officials
Category:United States senators from Ohio
Category:Politicians from Chillicothe, Ohio
Category:English emigrants to the United States
Category:English-American culture in Ohio
Category:Ohio Democratic-Republicans
Category:Ohio Constitutional Convention (1802)
Category:Democratic-Republican Party United States senators
Category:Northwest Territory House of Representatives
Category:American surveyors
Category:General Land Office Commissioners
Category:American Methodists
Category:Physicians from Virginia
Category:Burials at Grandview Cemetery (Chillicothe, Ohio)
Category:Democratic-Republican Party state governors of the United States
Category:Surveyors General of the Northwest Territory


1849 in Norway

Events in the year 1849 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Oscar I

Events

  21 March – Hamar was refounded as a city (lost its city status in 1587).
 26 July – The official inauguration of the Norwegian Royal Palace ( or formally ), which occurred during the reign of Oscar I.
Ryvarden Lighthouse was established.

Arts and literature

Births
18 February – Alexander Kielland, novelist (died 1906)
8 March – Eduard Boeckmann,  Norwegian American ophthalmologist, physician and inventor. (died 1927)
9 March – Nils P. Haugen, U.S. Representative from Wisconsin (died 1931)
5 June – Vilhelm Andreas Wexelsen, bishop and politician (died 1909)
15 December – Amund B. Larsen, linguist (died 1928)

Full date unknown
Marcus Olaus Bøckmann, priest and theologian (died 1945)
Hans Dahl, painter (died 1937)
Johan Leonard Hagen, politician
Jon Eriksson Helland II, Hardanger fiddle maker (died 1869)
Birger Kildal, politician and Minister (died 1913)
Christian Fredrik Sissenèr, property owner and politician (died 1903)

Deaths

6 July – Olaf Rye, military officer (born 1791)
10 October – Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie, a Norwegian constitutional father, known for being the constitutional assembly's writer (born 1778)
6 December – Peder Olivarius Bugge, bishop (born 1764)

See also

References


David Burt (filtering advocate)

David Burt is a former librarian and a longtime advocate for content-control software. Burt's research on Internet filtering and the problems allegedly associated with unfiltered Internet access have been cited by both the United States Congress and the Supreme Court of the United States in upholding the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA).  He is discussed in various sources such as the book Pornified.

Early life and career

David Burt earned an undergraduate degree in history and a master of library science from the University of Washington in 1992. He worked for the New York Public Library for three years, then worked at the Lake Oswego, Oregon Public Library as information technology manager from 1996 to 2000. Since then he has worked with filtering software companies.

Filtering Facts
In July 1997, his concerns about children potentially being exposed to pornography on the Internet led him to start Filtering Facts, a nonprofit organization that encouraged libraries to voluntarily adopt filters. Burt's advocacy included testifying as an expert witness in the library filtering case Mainstream Loudon v. Board in 1998; before the National Commission on Library and Information Science; as well as state legislatures, city councils, and local library boards. This activism was profiled in an article in The New York Times in 1999.

In 1999, Burt filed over 15,000 Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests of public libraries seeking public records documenting incidents involving Internet pornography in public libraries. Burt compiled the over 2,000 incidents  into a report published by the Family Research Council entitled Dangerous Access 2000: Uncovering Pornography in America's Libraries   The reports included news stories but also anecdotal, often second and thirdhand, reports. Judith Krug, director of the American Library Association's Office for Intellectual Freedom, stated that the report was "inflammatory and sensational", based on an agenda "to control what everyone reads, views, and listens to."<ref>Library Journal 125 no7 12 Ap 15 2000</ref>Dangerous Access 2000 was entered into the Congressional Record  in 2000 in support of the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA), a law Congress passed in 2000 requiring public libraries that receive certain types of federal funding to purchase filtering software.

Filtering industry and CIPA
In March 2000, Burt closed Filtering Facts and accepted a job in marketing with the (now defunct) filtering company N2H2. While at N2H2, he testified before the Congressional Commission on Child Online Protection (COPA) in 2000 the Department of Commerce, and the U.S. Copyright Office in the 2003 DMCA exemption hearings

In 2001, the Department of Justice legal team charged with defending CIPA hired Burt as a consultant. Burt helped identify and recruit most of the witnesses used by the DOJ, and assisted the DOJ in depositions of opposing witnesses.

On June 23, 2003, the US Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of CIPA, specifically citing Burt and Dangerous Access 2000'' as justification for Congress passing CIPA:

Congress learned that adults us[e] library computers to access pornography that is then exposed to staff, passersby, and children, and that minors access child and adult pornography in libraries. Footnote 1,(citing D. Burt, Dangerous Access, 2000 Edition: Uncovering Internet Pornography in America's Libraries (2000)) (noting more than 2,000 incidents of patrons, both adults and minors, using library computers to view online pornography, including obscenity and child pornography).

In 2003, N2H2 was acquired by Secure Computing, which hired Burt to promote Secure Computing's filtering and other network security products. In 2006, Burt left Secure Computing for his current position promoting network security products in Microsoft's Security and Access Services Division.

Get Parental Controls

In 2007, Burt revived FilteringFacts.org.  In 2010, FilteringFacts.org was replaced by GetParentalControls.org. "The purpose of GetParentalControls.org is to provide accurate, comprehensive, and unbiased information about parental control technology."

References

Category:American librarians
Category:Content-control software
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)


Shape factor

Shape factor refers to a value that is affected by an object's shape but is independent of its dimensions.
It may refer to one of number of values in physics, engineering, image analysis, or statistics.

In physics:
Shape factor, or shaping factor, a performance measure for filters such as band-pass filters
Shape factor of crystallites, a term in the Scherrer equation used in X-ray diffraction
The view factor in the field of radiative heat transfer

In engineering:
Shape factor (boundary layer flow)
Structural indices derived from falling weight deflectometer data

In image analysis:
Shape factor (image analysis and microscopy) including:
The compactness measure of a shape

In statistics:
The shape parameter, sometimes referred to as the shape factor, of some probability distributions


John Thomas Barnewall, 15th Baron Trimlestown

John Thomas Barnewall, 15th Baron Trimlestown (30 January 1773 – 7 October 1839) was an Irish landowner associated with the Roebuck Estate in County Dublin, Ireland. He succeeded to the title on the death of his father Nicholas on 16 April 1813. He died in Naples.

See also
Baron Trimlestown

References

External links

Category:1773 births
Category:1839 deaths
Category:Irish landowners
Category:18th-century Irish people
Category:19th-century Irish people
15


1968 Toronto Argonauts season

The 1968 Toronto Argonauts finished in second place in the Eastern Conference with a 9–5 record. They appeared in the Eastern Finals.

Regular season

Standings

Schedule

Postseason

Awards and honours
Bill Symons – CFL Most Outstanding Player, 1107 yds rushing  (This was the first time a Toronto Argonaut had been so honored.)

References

Category:Toronto Argonauts seasons
Category:1968 Canadian Football League season by team


Bibasis harisa

Bibasis harisa, the orange awlet, is a species of hesperid found in Asia. The butterfly was reassigned to genus Burara by Vane-Wright and de Jong (2003) and is considered by them to be Burara harisa.

Range
The orange awlet is found in India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Java, Singapore, Hong Kong and north Vietnam.

In India, the butterfly is found along the Himalayas from Sikkim to Assam and eastwards to south Myanmar. It also has been recorded from the Andaman islands.

The type locality is Bengal.

Status
It is considered by William Harry Evans to be very rare in Hong Kong, rare in South India, but not rare in the Himalayas.

Description

The butterfly has a wingspan of 45 to 55 mm.

Edward Yerbury Watson (1891) gives a detailed description:

Habits
This butterfly is crepuscular.

Host plants
The larva has been recorded on Zingiber zerumbet (Zingiberaceae).

Cited references

References

Print

Watson, E. Y. (1891) Hesperiidae indicae. Vest and Co. Madras.

Online

Brower, Andrew V. Z. and Warren, Andrew, (2007). Coeliadinae Evans 1937. Version 21 February 2007 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Coeliadinae/12150/2007.02.21 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

Category:Bibasis
Category:Butterflies of India
Category:Butterflies of Singapore
Category:Butterflies described in 1883


Fatal Distraction

Fatal Distraction may refer to

Fatal Distraction (Mario song) (redirect)
Fatal Distraction (2010) Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing 2010 by Gene Weingarten of The Washington Post
"Fatal Distraction" also titled "Who's at the Controls?", episode about Eastern Air Lines Flight 401
"Fatal Distraction" 2011 show by Chris Cox (magician)


WTB

WTB may refer to:

 Walk Thru the Bible Ministries, a Christian educational organization
 Warenterminbörse Hannover, a German futures exchange
 Welsh Tourist Board, former name of the Welsh Assembly Government's tourism team, Visit Wales
 Wilderness Trail Bikes, a US-based bicycle component company
 Wire Train Bus, a fieldbus used in train control systems, and described in IEC 61375
 With The Beatles, the second album by The Beatles
 Toowoomba Wellcamp Airport, IATA airport code


David Winters (choreographer)

David Winters (April 5, 1939 – April 23, 2019) was an English-American  actor, dancer, choreographer, producer, film distributor, director and screenwriter. Winters participated in over 150 television series, television specials, and motion pictures. His accolades include two Emmy Award nominations, a Peabody Award, a Christopher Award, and many more. At a young age, he was seen acting in film and television projects such as Lux Video Theatre, Naked City, Mister Peepers, Rock, Rock, Rock, and Roogie's Bump. He received some attention in Broadway musicals for his roles in West Side Story (1957) and Gypsy (1959). In the film adaptation of West Side Story (1961) he was one of the few to be re-cast. It became the highest grossing motion picture of that year, and won 10 Academy Awards, including Best Picture.

While Winters continued acting, he gained recognition for his dance choreography. He was frequently seen on television with his troupe David Winters Dancers in various variety shows most notably Hullabaloo (1965-1966) where he was the first to choreograph the Watusi, originated the Freddy, and popularized several dances in the 1960s. He was a common collaborator of Elvis Presley and Ann-Margret including their hit film Viva Las Vegas (1964). Other dance choreography credits include T.A.M.I. Show (1964), Send Me No Flowers, Billie (1965), A Star Is Born (1976), and more. For the TV movie Movin' with Nancy (1967), he is noted to be the first dance choreographer to be nominated in the history of the Emmys in the category Special Classification of Individual Achievements before the category Outstanding Achievement in Choreography (for which he was also nominated) was created.

Winters eventually became a director and a producer starting with a streak of star-studded TV specials including Raquel! (1970) and Once Upon a Wheel (1971). His first theatrical release was the concert film Alice Cooper: Welcome to My Nightmare (1976), it is noted for imaginative costumes and set. He also directed The Last Horror Film (1982). It was Joe Spinell's second lead role and his last collaboration with Caroline Munro. Another directorial effort was the teenage romance skateboarding film Thrashin (1986), starring Josh Brolin in his first lead. In the mid 1980s, Winters opened his own production and distribution company, Action International Pictures, within this enterprise he mostly produced for other directors, a number of them by directed by David A. Prior starring his brother Ted. Some of these cult classics include Deadly Prey (1987), Aerobicide (1987), Mankillers (1987), Space Mutiny (1988), etc.From then on he specialized in action-oriented films many with recurring actors such as Robert Ginty, David Carradine, Robert Davi, Jan-Michael Vincent, Cameron Mitchell, and Oliver Reed.

From 2000 to 2019, Winters remained an active member of the film industry. Some of these efforts includes acting in mini series Blackbeard (2006) with Angus Macfadyen, and Jessica Chastain and the Sundance winner Teddy Bear (2012), as well as producing the historical epic The King Maker (2005) with Gary Stretch and John Rhys Davies. He also produced, directed, and co-starred in two award-winning films Welcome 2 Ibiza (2003), with Gary Busey and Mackenzie Astin, and Dancin': It's On! (2015), with winners and runners-up of the TV shows So You Think You Can Dance and Dancing with the Stars, this ensemble is led by Witney Carson and also co-stars Gary Daniels. His last output was his memoir Tough Guys Do Dance (2018), about his journey in the film industry.

Early life
Winters was born David Weizer in London, England, the son of Jewish parents Sadie and Samuel Weizer. His family relocated to the United States in 1953. He became a naturalized United States citizen in 1956. Winters was interested in dancing at an early age all the way through childhood.

Career

Early 1950s-1956: Early roles
At age 12, Winters was shining shoes to pay for dance classes afraid his mother wouldn't approve. She eventually caught him and made a deal to make him stop: if he did his bar mitzvah, she would bring him to dance classes. That same year, Winters was spotted by a talent agent while dancing in a Manhattan restaurant. From this point he began acting and dancing on television. By the age of 14 he had worked with Jackie Gleason, Martha Raye, Mindy Carson, Sarah Churchill, Wally Cox, George Jessel, Ella Raines, Paul Douglas, and Perry Como. He also was heard on radio plays with Donald Cook and Joseph Cotten. It led him to act in over 15 television shows during a span of 10 years, including Lux Video Theatre, Naked City, The Red Buttons Show, Mister Peepers and many more.

His first role in a motion picture was a supporting role in Roogie's Bump (1954), alongside Ruth Warrick, Olive Blakeney, Robert F. Simon, and William Harrigan. It also includes cameos by baseball players Roy Campanella, Russ Meyer, Billy Loes, and Carl Erskine. That year he performed in the first Broadway revival of On Your Toes, directed by George Abbott and choreographed by George Balanchine. It opened on October 11, 1954 at the 46th Street Theatre, where it ran for 64 performances. The cast included Vera Zorina, Bobby Van, and Elaine Stritch. On November 23 of that year he starred in another Broadway play Sandhog.

In 1956 he played the role of Melville in Rock, Rock, Rock!. It is a jukebox musical featuring performances by established rock and roll singers of the era, including Chuck Berry, LaVern Baker, Teddy Randazzo, the Moonglows, the Flamingos, the Teenagers with Frankie Lymon as lead singer, and disc jockey Alan Freed. The cast includes Tuesday Weld, Connie Francis, Teddy Randazzo, and Jack Collins.

1957–1963: Major works in musicals

In 1957, he acted in Shinbone Alley. The Broadway production opened on April 13, 1957 at The Broadway Theatre and closed on May 25, 1957 after 49 performances. Other actors involved in the production were Eartha Kitt , Erik Rhodes, George S. Irving, Cathryn Damon, Jacques d'Amboise, Ross Martin, Lillian Hayman, and Allegra Kent. Later that year, he played the role of Baby John in the original Broadway production of West Side Story. It was conceived, directed and choreographed by Jerome Robbins and produced by Robert E. Griffith and Harold Prince, marked Sondheim's Broadway debut. It ran for 732 performances before going on tour. The production was nominated for six Tony Awards including Best Musical in 1957.

On May 21, 1959, he starred as Yonkers in the original production of Gypsy. The show was produced by David Merrick and directed and choreographed by Jerome Robbins. Ethel Merman starred as Rose, with Jack Klugman as Herbie and Sandra Church as Louise. Scenic and lighting design were by Jo Mielziner and costumes were by Raoul Pène Du Bois. The orchestrations, including an overture, were supplied by Sid Ramin and Robert Ginzler. Critic Frank Rich has referred to Robbins' work as one of the more influential stagings of a musical in American theatrical history. The original production received eight Tony Award nominations, including Best Musical, Best Actress in a Musical, Best Featured Actor in a Musical, Best Featured Actress in a Musical, Best Scenic Design, Best Costume Design and Best Direction of a Musical. It closed on March 25, 1961 after 702 performances and two previews.

In 1960, he acted in the Broadway musical One More River.

In 1961, he appeared as A-Rab in the movie version of West Side Story directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. He and Carole D'Andrea, Jay Norman, Tommy Abbott, William Bramley and Tony Mordente were the only actors to have been cast in both the original Broadway show and the motion picture. The film was the highest grossing motion picture of that year, going on to win 10 Academy Awards, including Best Picture, making it the most received by a musical film.

During that time and moving forward to 1967, he acted regularly on television. He was seen in about 17 high profile and award-winning television projects such as 77 Sunset Strip, Perry Mason, The Dick Powell Show, and more.

1964 to 1967: Emmy nominations and dance choreographer breakthrough
In 1964, he was the dance choreographer for major releases, the first one was Viva Las Vegas starring Elvis Presley and Ann-Margret. Ann-Margret, who was his student at the time, recommended him for the job. Directed by George Sidney, the film is regarded by fans and by film critics as one of Presley's better movies. Following this he did Norman Jewison's Send Me No Flowers starring Rock Hudson, Doris Day, and Tony Randall. The third was Don Weis' Pajama Party with Tommy Kirk, Annette Funicello, and Buster Keaton. The final one this year was Steve Binder's concert film T.A.M.I. Show, showcasing all the major rock and R&B acts of the time, including The Beach Boys, Chuck Berry, James Brown, Marvin Gaye, The Rolling Stones, and The Supremes. Also in 1964 he choreographed several episodes of the TV show Shindig!. He also had a small role in the film The New Intern.

In 1965, he choreographed two musicals starring Elvis Presley: Boris Sagal's Girl Happy and Norman Taurog's Tickle Me. He also choreographed two Ann-Margret films: Bus Riley's Back in Town and Kitten with a Whip. Another choreographer credit was Don Weis' Billie with Patty Duke. That year, he started to perform on television with his troupe, named the David Winters Dancers. While on Hullabaloo, he was the first to choreograph the Watusi, originated the Freddy as well as popularized several dances of the 1960s.

In 1966, he co-producer and choreographed the TV movie Lucy in London, which starred Lucille Ball, Buster Keaton, The Dave Clark 5, and Wilfrid Hyde-White. The David Winters Dancers also appeared in the TV movie. Also that year he acted in The Crazy-Quilt by John Korty. The David Winters Dancers also appeared in the musical television special MJ's with Sal Mineo, Phil Spector and The Dave Clark Five. Finally he choreographed two more Ann-Margret films Boris Sagal's Made in Paris, and George Sidney' The Swinger.

In 1967, Winters began to direct. His first assignments were for two episodes of the hit show The Monkees. He choreographed his fourth collaboration with Elvis Presley in John Rich's Easy Come, Easy Go. His troupe appeared in the television special Go with Herman's Hermits and Rudy Vallée. That year, he took the position of associate director in the Broadway play Of Love Remembered, directed by Burgess Meredith. It was also in 1967 that he received what he has called his biggest honor, his Emmy nomination for the choreography of the TV movie Movin' with Nancy, in which he acted with Nancy Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Lee Hazlewood, and Frank Sinatra. This was the first Emmy nomination for a choreographer in the category Special Classification of Individual Achievements. His nomination led to the creation of the Emmy's Outstanding Achievement in Choreography, for which he was nominated in 1970.

1968 to 1975: Producing and directorial breakthrough
In 1968, he co-founded the production company Winters/Rosen specialized in star-studded high rating TV specials. He reunited with Ann-Margret. He choreographed and directed her in The Ann-Margret Show co-starring Bob Hope, Carol Burnett, and Jack Benny. That year, separately from Winters/Rosen, he choreographed and performed with his troupe in the TV special Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose. The show consists of Princess Grace Kelly guiding the public through Monte Carlo. Filled with sketches and musical numbers, she eventually encounters them as well as other celebrities such as Françoise Hardy, Terry-Thomas, Gilbert Bécaud, Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, Toni Basil, and Anita Mann.

In 1969, they re-collaborated for Ann-Margret: From Hollywood with Love (for which Winters received his second Emmy nomination for dance choreography), co-starring Lucille Ball, Dean Martin, and Larry Storch. Also that year, he produced and choreographed The Spring Thing, a television special hosted by Bobbie Gentry and Noel Harrison. Guest included Goldie Hawn, Meredith MacRae, Irwin C. Watson, Rod McKuen, Shirley Bassey, and Harpers Bizarre.In April 26, 1970 CBS released the television special Raquel! which he produced, directed and choreographed. It starred Raquel Welch, Tom Jones, Bob Hope and John Wayne. It was filmed in London, Paris, Acapulco, Mexico City, Yucatán, Big Sur, and Los Angeles and featured lavish production numbers. It marked Welch's debut special on television. Together Welch and Jones combined musical and comedic talents on classic rock 'n' roll standards of the era. Produced by Winters' company Winters/Rosen for CBS-TV, originally co-sponsored by Coca-Cola and Motorola. On the day of the premiere, the show received a 51% share on the National ARB Ratings and an overnight New York Nielsen Rating of 58% share.

In 1971, he produced and directed Once Upon a Wheel, a television documentary on the history of auto racing. It is hosted by actor Paul Newman who is a racing enthusiast. Newman narrated and hosted the documentary. Joining him was Mario Andretti, Kirk Douglas, Hugh Downs, Dean Martin, Cesar Romero, Dick Smothers and others. That same year, he was an executive producer for the television special The 5th Dimension Traveling Sunshine Show hosted by the group The 5th Dimension. Guests included Merle Haggard, The Carpenters, and Dionne Warwick.

In 1972, he produced, directed and choreographed The Special London Bridge Special, starring Tom Jones, Jennifer O'Neill, The Carpenters, Kirk Douglas, Jonathan Winters, Hermione Gingold, Lorne Greene, Chief Dan George, Charlton Heston, George Kirby, Michael Landon, Terry-Thomas, Engelbert Humperdinck, Elliott Gould, Merle Park, and Rudolf Nureyev. That year, he produced Timex All-Star Swing Festival (which won the Peabody Award and a Christopher Award for Winters as its producer), starring Ella Fitzgerald, Duke Ellington, Dave Brubeck, Benny Goodman, Gene Krupa, and many more jazz musicians from this generation.

In 1973, he directed, choreographed and produced the musical television movie Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (nominated for three Emmys), the lyrics were written by Lionel Bart. It starred Kirk Douglas, with Michael Redgrave, Susan Hampshire, Stanley Holloway, and Donald Pleasence.

Winters directed his first theatrical release in 1975. This was the concert film Alice Cooper: Welcome to My Nightmare, which he also produced and choreographed. Welcome to My Nightmare was a phantasmagorical exposition of music and theater themed around a nightmare experienced by a young boy named Steven. The show was a grand visual spectacle with an elaborate stage set, pre-filmed projections, dancers, and elaborate costumes.

That same year, he produced his second theatrical picture, the comedy Linda Lovelace for President, with his then-girlfriend Linda Lovelace. The film co-starred Micky Dolenz, Val Bisoglio, and Jack DeLeon.

1976 to 1986: Subsequent success
In 1976, he was hired to choreograph Frank Pierson's A Star Is Born, starring Barbra Streisand. The film was a commercial success of its time, and went on to win the Academy Award for best song as well as three other nominations.

The following year he choreographed credits 22 episodes of TV show Donny & Mary. That year he also served as a creative consultant on Don Taylor's The Island of Dr. Moreau starring Burt Lancaster, Michael York, and Nigel Davenport.

In 1978 he choreographed the dance numbers in Steve Binder's TV movie Star Wars Holiday Special.

He produced three more films, one of which he directed: the 1979 sport comedy about tennis Racquet, starring Bert Convy, Phil Silvers, Edie Adams, and Björn Borg. He also choreographed Mark L. Lester's Roller Boogie starring Linda Blair and Jim Bray. Also in 1979, saw the televised premiere Diana Ross In Concert in which Winters conceived and directed the stage production.

In 1980. Winters directed and choreographed the stage show Goosebumps a rock musical starring Carl Anderson, Jesse Frederick, and Shabba Doo.

In 1981, he choreographed and was creative consultant for the TV special, Diana, starring Diana Ross, Quincy Jones, and Michael Jackson.

In 1982 he produced, directed, wrote, and co-starred in The Last Horror Film, starring Joe Spinell and Caroline Munro. He filmed the film guerrilla-style without permits during the Cannes Film Festival. The movie is about Vinny (Spinell) a New York City taxi driver who is obsessed with the international actress Jana Bates (Munro), known as the "queen of horror films". He goes to attend the Cannes Film Festival in France hoping to meet her and get her to star in his movie to kick start his career as a film director. Upon his arrival strange things start happening around Jana Bates, until it leads to a mysterious string of murders. It went on to have numerous wins, including the Paris Film Festival Award, and the Los Angeles Golden Scroll Award. At the Sitges Film Festival it was part of their official selection, and won best cinematography At the Saturn Awards the film was nominated for Best International film and Spinell' mother was nominated for best supporting actress.

In 1984 he directed two outputs, one was That Was Rock, a documentary about the concert films T.A.M.I. Show and The Big T.N.T. Show hosted by Chuck Berry. The other was a 30 minutes version of Steadfast Tin Soldier for Television, with Robert Shields and Lorene Yarnell of the Shields and Yarnell fame.  Also that year he worked as an artistic adviser on the film Blame it on the Night starring Nick Mancuso based on a Mick Jagger story.

In 1985, he directed Girls of Rock & Roll for Playboy. The film is about a talent scout for the magazine who is looking for members of a new rock girl band.

In 1986, he made Thrashin, the first film about skateboarding, starring Josh Brolin, Pamela Gidley, Sherilyn Fenn, Robert Rusler and Chuck McCann. The motion picture is about Cory (Brolin) a teenage amateur skateboarder from out of town staying in Los Angeles with friends in hopes of competing and winning a downhill competition for which he has been training. During his stay in Los Angeles, he join a skate crew called "The Ramp Locals" and he falls for a beautiful blonde named Chrissy (Gidley), who just happens to be the younger sister of Hook (Rusler), the leader of "The Daggers", a tough punk rock skateboard crew of that area. Rivalries between the group grows as Cory faces the protective brother, and both prepare for skateboarding competition. The movie is notable for including soundtrack music by the Red Hot Chili Peppers (who play a set in the film), Fine Young Cannibals, and The Bangles before their rise to fame. The film continues to attract a cult following. That year was also a turning point for Winters. After being overruled on a casting decision for Thrashin', he made the professional decision to control all aspects of future projects. Josh Brolin was ultimately cast, but Winters' choice was a pre-21 Jump Street Johnny Depp.

That same year, he also released the action film Mission Kill, starring Robert Ginty, Merete Van Kamp, and Cameron Mitchell. On the set of the film he developed a friendship with Robert Ginty and Cameron Mitchell with whom he made multiple more films.

1987 to 1995: Executive producer, owner, and director for AIP
In 1987, Winters opened his own production company, Action International Pictures, which within five years produced, and distributed over 80 action films, as well as horror, post-apocalyptic, science fiction, and dance films. That same year he hired filmmaker David A. Prior, who had already made two film with his brother, the actor and bodybuilder Ted Prior, as leading man. That year, Winters produced three films (Deadly Prey, Aerobicide, and Mankillers) written and directed by David A. Prior, two of them with Ted Prior as the leading man. These films have since gained an immense cult following and have been re-released on Blu-Ray. From that point on, David A. Prior wrote and directed 22 motion pictures for Action International Pictures, which Winters produced. As well, Ted Prior became a recurring star for AIP and had lead roles in eight of their films.

In 1988, he was an executive producer for Dead End City starring Dennis Cole. Shortly after the action film Rage to Kill was released on Home Video which he produced and directed. Shot in South Africa it starred James Ryan, Cameron Mitchell, Henry Cele, and Oliver Reed. That year also saw the release of Space Mutiny. Winters was assigned to produce and direct the science fiction film He had to drop out at an early stage of filming due to the death of a close relative, and most of the film was eventually directed by Neal Sundstrom. Both were un-happy with the final product, and Winters attempted to have his name replaced with a fictional one, but due to his contract he was unable to do so. The film gained a cult status and was subject for a successful episode of the TV Show Mystery Science Theater 3000. Other executive producer credits that year includes Death Chase, Night Wars with Dan Haggerty, and Phoenix The Warrior starring Persis Khambatta.

In 1989, saw the release of the action film Code Name Vengeance in which Winters directed and produced. It is his second collaboration with leading man Robert Ginty co-starring Shannon Tweed, Cameron Mitchell, Don Gordon, and James Ryan. Films for which he was executive producer were The Bounty Hunter starring, directed, and written by Robert Ginty; Order of Eagle with Frank Stallone; Future Force with David Carradine; Time Burst - The Final Alliance with Gerald Okamura, Deadly Reactor starring David Heavener; with Hell on the Battleground, and Jungle Assault both headlining Ted Prior..

In 1990, Winters continued to produced action films those with a notable cast included The Revenger with Frank Zagarino and Oliver Reed; Fatal Skies with Timothy Leary; Future Zone, the sequel of Future Force, starring David Carradine;  and Deadly Dancer with Shabba Doo. The others were Operation Warzone, Rapid Fire, The Shooters, The Final Sanction, Lock 'n' Load, Born Killer, and Invasion Force.

In 1991, he executive produced more action films including Firehead, with Martin Landau, Christopher Plummer, and Chris Lemmon; Dark Rider, starring Joe Estevez; and Raw Nerve, starring Glenn Ford (in his last film role), Jan-Michael Vincent, Sandahl Bergman and Traci Lords. Other releases for which he was executive producer that year were Maximum Breakout, Cop-Out, Presumed Guilty, The Last Ride and White Fury.

In 1992, he was an executive producer for the film Center of the Web, starring Robert Davi, Tony Curtis, Charlene Tilton, and Charles Napier. Also in 1992, he performed the same task for Armed for Action and Blood on the Badge, both starring Joe Estevez.

In 1993, he produced Double Threat, with Sally Kirkland, Andrew Stevens, Richard Lynch, Sherrie Rose, Anthony Franciosa, and Chick Vennera. Shortly after AIP was re-branded as West Side Studios with the intent to make mainstream oriented films. Under that banner, he produced the horror-thriller film Night Trap (which won a Gold Award at the WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival for best Fantasy/Horror), starring Robert Davi, Michael Ironside, Lesley-Anne Down, Margaret Avery, John Amos, Lydie Denier, and Mike Starr.

In 1994 he produced the thriller Raw Justice (which won him and writer-director David A. Prior a Bronze Award at the WorldFest Charleston for best Theatrical Feature Film – Dramatic), starring Pamela Anderson, David Keith, Robert Hays, and Stacy Keach.

In 1995, he produced two action films starring Robert Davi: The Dangerous co-starring Joel Grey, Michael Paré, John Savage, Elliott Gould, and Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, and Codename: Silencer, co-starring Steven Bauer, Sonny Chiba, Brigitte Nielsen, and Jan-Michael Vincent.

1999–2019: Later works
In the late 1990s Winters got involved with the company HandMade Films and he executive produced in England, the comedy Rhythm & Blues (1999) starring Paul Blackthorne.

In 2002, he produced, directed, and co-starred the comedy film Welcome 2 Ibiza (which won the Bangkok Film Festival Audience Award), starring Gary Busey and Mackenzie Astin.

In 2003, he executive produced the horror film Devil's Harvest.

In 2005, in Thailand, he produced the historical epic The King Maker with Gary Stretch and John Rhys Davies which won numerous prizes, and received a big theatrical release in Asia. It was distributed for Home Video by Sony in the US, and by Universal in other countries. It was sold in thirty-six countries, making it internationally the most successful Thai Film ever made.

In 2006, Winters returned to acting after a long hiatus in the mini-series Blackbeard, made for the Hallmark Channel. It was directed by Kevin Connor, its lead star is Angus Macfadyen, and it co-stars Richard Chamberlain, Jessica Chastain, Mark Umbers, Stacy Keach, and Rachel Ward.

Circa 2008, in Thailand, Winters was in talks to build a large movie studio with acclaimed film director Oliver Stone, which has been dubbed by the press Ollywood.

In 2009, upon the passing of David Carradine in Bangkok, Thailand. Winters, who was living there at the time, came forward with alternate theories about the death of his friend.

In 2012, Winters acted in the art house drama film, Teddy Bear, for which the director Mads Matthiesen won the best directing award at the Sundance Film Festival. It won and was nominated for awards in over 11 film festivals including The European Film Awards, The Art Film Festival, and the Athens International Film Festival.

In 2015, Winters released his latest film, Dancin': It's On!, where he reconnected with his original passion for dancing. The film stars winners and runners-up of the successful TV shows, So You Think You Can Dance, and Dancing with the Stars, with Witney Carson as its lead. It also co-stars Gary Daniels as her father. The movie is about Jennifer (Carson), a girl from Beverly Hills, California, falls in love with Ken, a boy who works at her father's hotel in Panama City, Florida. The two compete in a dancing competition after becoming romantically involved. It won the Wide Screen Film Festival for best director, best editor, and best score. It had a three-month theatrical run, and on DVD and Blu-ray was twice shipped in platinum quantities to major outlets throughout the United States.

On June 12, 2018, Winters released his memoir Tough Guys Do Dance. The book is about his journey in the film industry.

Death
Winters died on 23 April 2019 at the age of 80, from congestive heart failure.

Personal life
Friends with rock singer Alice Cooper upon directing the Welcome to My Nightmare Tour in the mid 1970s for Cooper, he hired a ballerina named Sheryl with whom Cooper remains married to this day.

Winters lived with and was the boyfriend of Linda Lovelace after her divorce from her first husband, their relationship lasted until 1976. She credits him for bringing culture in her life.

Married at least three times, had a brother, he was also a father with a daughter, two sons, a stepson, and a granddaughter.

Selected filmography

Actor
 Studio One (1950, TV Series) - Tom Boyne (uncredited)
 The United States Steel Hour (1954, TV Series)
 Roogie's Bump (1954) - Andy
 Rock, Rock, Rock! (1956) - Melville
 Naked City (1958, TV Series) - Marty Nemo
 The Last Angry Man (1959) - Lee Roy (uncredited)
 West Side Story (1961) - A-rab (Jets)
 The Detectives Starring Robert Taylor (1961, TV Series) - Billy Joe Temple
 Take Her, She's Mine (1963) - Lester (uncredited)
 Captain Newman, M.D. (1963) - Patient (uncredited)
 The New Interns (1964) - Hood
 Burke's Law (1965, TV Series) - Special Agent James Martin (uncredited)
 The Crazy-Quilt (1966)
 Love on a Rooftop (1967, TV Series) - Augie
 The Last Horror Film (1982) - Stanley Kline
 Welcome 2 Ibiza (2003) - Uncle Sam
 Blackbeard (2006, TV Mini-Series) - Silas Bridges
 Hanuman klook foon (2008) - Stephan
 Teddy Bear (2012) - Scott
 Dragonwolf (2013) - Brutus
 Dancin': It's On! (2015) - Hal Sanders (final film role)

Choreographer
 Viva Las Vegas (1964)
T.A.M.I. Show (1964)
Send Me No Flowers (1964)
 Pajama Party (1964)
Shindig! (1964)
 Girl Happy (Uncredited, 1965)
 Tickle Me (1965)
Billie (1965)
Bus Riley's Back in Town (1965)
Kitten with a Whip (1965)
Hullabaloo (1965)
 Made in Paris (1966)
 Lucy in London (1966)
MJ's (1966)
The Swinger (1966)
Go (1967)
Movin' with Nancy (1967)
 Monte Carlo: C'est La Rose (1968)
 Ann-Margret: From Hollywood with Love (1969)
The Spring Thing (1969)
 The Special London Bridge Special (1972)
A Star Is Born (1976)
 Star Wars Holiday Special (1978)
 Roller Boogie (1979)
Diana (1981)

Director
 The Ann-Margret Show (1968, TV Special)
Ann-Margret: From Hollywood with Love (1969, TV Special)
 Once Upon a Wheel (also Producer, 1971)
 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1973)
 Welcome to my Nightmare (1975)
 Racquet (1979)
 The Last Horror Film (1982)
 That Was Rock (1984)
 Girls of Rock & Roll (1985)
 Thrashin' (1986)
 Rage to Kill (1987)
 The Mission... Kill (1987)
 Space Mutiny (1988)
 Fight and Revenge (1997; lost film)
 Dancin': It's On! (2015)

Producer
Lucy in London (co-producer, 1966)
The Spring Thing (1969)
Raquel! (1970)
 Once Upon a Wheel (also Director, 1971)
The 5th Dimension Traveling Sunshine Show (1971)
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1973)
Linda Lovelace for President (Executive producer, 1975)
 Deadly Prey (Executive producer, 1987)
 Mankillers (Executive producer, 1987)
Aerobicide (1987)
Dead End City (1988)
Rage to Kill (1988)
 Space Mutiny (1988)
Phoenix The Warrior (1988)
Death Chase (1988)
Night Wars (1988)
Code Name Vengeance (1989)
Future Force (1989)
The Bounty Hunter (1989)
Order of Eagle (1989)
Time Burst - The Final Alliance (1989)
Jungle Assault (1989)
 Hell on the Battleground (1989)
 Future Force (1989)
 Future Zone (1990)
 The Final Sanction (1990)
Operation Warzone (1990)
The Revenger (1990)
Deadly Dancer (1990)
Rapid Fire (1990)
The Shooters (1990)
The Final Sanction (1990)
Lock 'n' Load, (1990)
Born Killer (1990)
Invasion Force (1990)
 Firehead (1991)
 Raw Nerve (Executive producer, 1991)
Dark Rider (1991)
Maximum Breakout (1991)
Cop-Out (1991)
Presumed Guilty (1991)
The Last Ride (1991)
White Fury (1991)
Center of the Web (1992)
Armed for Action (1992)
Blood on the Badge (1992)
Double Threat (1993)
Night Trap (1993)
Raw Justice (1994)
The Dangerous (1995)
Codename: Silencer (1995)
Rhythm & Blues (1999)
Welcome 2 Ibiza (2002)
Devil's Harvest (2003)
 The King Maker (2005)
Dancin': It's On! (2015)

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Category:1939 births
Category:2019 deaths
Category:American male child actors
Category:American choreographers
Category:American male dancers
Category:American male film actors
Category:Jewish American male actors
Category:American film directors
Category:American film producers
Category:American male screenwriters
Category:American male television actors
Category:American television directors
Category:American television producers
Category:Burials at Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery
Category:English male child actors
Category:English choreographers
Category:English male dancers
Category:English male film actors
Category:English film directors
Category:English film producers
Category:English male musical theatre actors
Category:English male screenwriters
Category:English male television actors
Category:English television directors
Category:English television producers
Category:English-language film directors
Category:English emigrants to the United States
Category:Male actors from London


Surfing in a Hurricane

"Surfing in a Hurricane"  is a song performed by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett, and written by Buffett and Will Kimbrough.  It is the ninth track from his 2009 album Buffet Hotel.

Live performances
The song had been introduced to setlists over eleven months before its studio recording release on Buffet Hotel. Its live debut was on January 13, 2009 at the Anegada Reef Hotel in Anegada, British Virgin Islands. "Surfing in a Hurricane" would remain in the setlist for every show during that year's Summerzcool Tour, where it would be promoted as Buffett's first surf song. While "Surfing in a Hurricane" was Buffett's first penned surf song, he actually did a surf rendition of "Up on the House Top" on his 1996 Christmas album Christmas Island.

Hurricane Florence
"Surfing in a Hurricane" gained notability in September 2018 when Buffett tweeted that he would join Folly Beach surfers for one last ride before Hurricane Florence would hit. News outlets immediately noted Buffett's tweet as him bringing "Surfing in a Hurricane" to fruition; some fans responded to the tweet with concern for his safety, while others criticized Buffett for potentially influencing others to attempt a dangerous act.  Shannon Green of the Orlando Sentinel called Buffett's tweet irresponsible, and noted that someone with such a large fanbase should be more careful how about influential his words are. However, some of this criticism is thought to derive from people not realizing his tweet was a direct quote from his song "Surfing in a Hurricane", and that he was not encouraging such reckless behavior. Buffett immediately sent an updated tweet, advising that nobody should attempt anything dangerous, respect mother nature and abide by the authority's warnings.

Notes

Category:2009 songs
Category:Songs written by Jimmy Buffett
Category:Jimmy Buffett songs


U-JIN Tech Corp.

U-JIN Tech Corp. is a South Korean manufacturer of friction welding machines and automated manufacturing cells.

History
U-JIN Tech Corp. was founded in February 2009. It obtained ISO 9001:2008 certification and established its own R&D centre within the Korea Industrial Technology Association (KOITA) in 2010. The R&D centre has the objective to develop new products to deliver innovative products.

U-JIN Tech Corp. won the Small and Medium Company Technological Innovation Award and the Excellent Award in Manufacture and Technology of Gyeonggi-do Green Industry Awards by the Governor of Gyeonggi-do in 2012. U-Jin has initially developed and manufactured hydraulic friction welding machines, and it built Korea's first CNC friction welding machine in 2012. The rapid growth is based on the development of technologies that meet the needs of its customers.

In 2015 the company was recognised as Contributor for Development of Excellent Capital Goods by the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy. In November 2016 it received the European CE Certificate and started exporting machines to Europe. On the Trade Day in December 2016 it received the 10 Million Dollar Export Tower Award.

Friction welding machines
State-of-the-art CNC technology is used by U-JIN Tech Corp both for automatic material transport and in cases where high accuracy is required. Due to the position measuring devices known from CNC milling machines, the length tolerance of the components can be maintained more accurately than with conventional hydraulic machines. It is even possible, to bring the spindle to a standstill in a given position so that the two eyes of a drive shaft can be positioned at an angle to each other.

The two spindles of U-JIN's computer numerical controlled double-head friction welding machines are driven by servo motors that allow the angular position of their motor shaft to be controlled, as well as the speed of rotation and acceleration, since they are equipped with position sensors. If the spindles are controlled in the same way as CNC-controlled servo motors, angular accuracies of ±0.5° can be achieved, e.g. at both ends of a cardan shaft.

Friction welded products

As friction welding operates below the melting point of the materials, even dissimilar material joints can be produced with high tensile strength. In many cases, the tensile strength of the bimetallic joint is higher than that of the softer base material.

U-JIN's friction welding machines are used industrially for a wide variety of products:

Gear shafts made of chrome-molybdenum steel
Electric terminals and cable lugs made of pure copper and pure aluminium
Long screws and bolts made of structural or high-speed steel
Stainless steel and aluminium adapters for refrigerants or coolants in superconductors
Shaft-hub connections in hollow shafts for the drive train of cars
Carbon steel (Advanced High Strength Steel, AHSS) and stainless steel pump shafts
Transition pieces in carbon steel S25C and stainless steel SUS304 (tensile strength 443 N/mm²)
Transition pieces made of carbon steel S45C and stainless steel SUS304 (tensile strength 639 N/mm²)
Motor shafts made of structural and stainless steel

External links

References

Category:Industrial machine manufacturers
Category:Manufacturing companies established in 2009
Category:Engineering companies of South Korea
Category:South Korean brands


Holaspis guentheri

Holaspis guentheri, commonly known as the sawtail lizard or western neon blue-tailed tree lizard  is a species of lizard occurring in Sierra Leone, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Uganda, Angola, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Ivory Coast, Benin, and Togo.

Etymology
The species is named in honor of Albert Günther.

References

Category:Holaspis
Category:Reptiles described in 1863
Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray


Copthorne, Shropshire

Copthorne is a suburb / neighbourhood on the western side of the county capital town of Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. The population of the ward at the 2011 Census was 4,105.

Description
Surrounding Copthorne Road, Mytton Oak Road and Shelton Road, the suburb is mainly residential and runs from the junction where Copthorne Bank meets New Street, in the north east near Frankwell Island, to the Royal Shrewsbury Hospital (previously known as Copthorne Hospital) and the suburb of Shelton to the west, on the outskirts of town and the Radbrook Road separates Copthorne and Radbrook in the south of Copthorne.

From Frankwell, New Street runs south-west for a short way, ending by the Boat House public house and Port Hill Footbridge (leading to The Quarry). The road (the A488) continues up Porthill as Porthill Road, along the edge of the Shrewsbury School grounds, and ends at the former A5 road, the Shrewsbury bypass.

On the east side of the suburb, Copthorne Road leads from Frankwell Island, to the west up Copthorne Bank, along past Copthorne Barracks (former headquarters of the British Army's 5th Division and 143 (West Midlands) Brigade and current headquarters of Shrewsbury Air Training Corps and the Shropshire Army Cadet Force) and also ends up joining the old bypass at Shelton Road.

In the suburb are many residential streets, the Sandringham Court apartment development, several small shops and public houses, a tennis club, and two schools (Woodfield Infants School and St George's Junior School).

Furthermore, on Mytton Oak Road, near the Hospital, there is the Copthorne Shopping Centre. This small development consists of a Post Office, Co-op supermarket, pharmacy, fish and chip shop, hairdresser and Coral (Bookmakers). On Woodfield Road by the two schools there is also Woodfield Stores, formerly known as Everington's and Mace. As well as this there is Oakfield Shopping Centre, off Oakfield Road, with a Chinese Takeaway, fitness centre and Scout and Cub Hut.

Copthorne is located in the Church of England parish of Christ Church Shelton and Oxon.

Varying definitions

Porthill is often considered a separate suburb, consisting of the areas around Porthill Road and Woodfield Road, including St George's School. As Copthorne is seen as a relatively prestigious address within Shrewsbury, it is common for people to claim to live there, and for estate agents and businesses to describe addresses as Copthorne, when according to most local definitions they lie in other areas. In particular, Gains Park, a 1980s housing estate west of the hospital, is often passed off as Copthorne (or sometimes as Shelton or Bicton Heath)- despite sharing the SY3 postcode it is completely separated from Copthorne and Shelton while Bicton Heath refers to an older settlement along the A458. The boundary with Radbrook Green is similarly ill-defined, often drawn along Radbrook Road although this means that the Rad Brook barely touches the suburb named for it.

References

Category:Suburbs of Shrewsbury