Kokura Castle

in Kitakyushu, Japan was built by Hosokawa Tadaoki in 1602. It was the property of the Ogasawara clan (from Harima) between 1632 and 1860.

The castle burnt down from a fire in 1837, with parts of it rebuilt in 1839.  The castle burnt down again in 1866 during the war between the Kokura and Chōshū clans.

Mori Ōgai was based at the castle at the turn of the 20th century, when it was a military base.

The keep was reconstructed in 1959, and the castle was fully restored in 1990. The Seichō Matsumoto museum and castle garden were opened in 1998. The old Japanese-style pre-Brunton lighthouse from Shirasu is in the castle grounds.

Location
The castle is about a ten-minute walk from JR Kyushu's Kokura Station.
The North side of the moat is next to the Riverwalk shopping complex (completed in 2003).

Attractions
The keep contains a modern folkloric museum and admission is charged to the keep (350 yen), garden (300 yen) and Matsumoto Seicho museum (400 yen). A joint ticket to the three attractions costs 700 yen.

The keep is not an accurate reconstruction. When it was reconstructed in 1959, the designers opted for a more aesthetically appealing design instead of faithfully rebuilding the simpler structure that once stood on the site.

The Castle was listed as one of　the Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles in 2017.

Literature

External links
Kokura Castle - Kitakyushu film commission
Kokura Castle (Japanese)
Kokura Castle (English)
Kokura Castle - Japan Kyushu Tourist

Category:1602 establishments in Japan
Category:Buildings and structures in Kitakyushu
Category:Castles in Fukuoka Prefecture
Category:Museums in Fukuoka Prefecture
Category:Ogasawara clan
Category:Ōshū-Hosokawa clan
Category:Tourist attractions in Kitakyushu


Teleorman

Teleorman may refer to:

 Teleorman County, a county of Romania
 Teleorman (river), a river in southern Romania
 The Teleorman, a Romanian navy longboat lost in the Sinking of the Teleorman

See also
 Diocese of Alexandria and Teleorman
 Teleormanu, a village in Mârzănești, Romania


Juho Hakkinen

Juho Villehard Hakkinen (4 April 1872, Korpilahti - May 1918, Viipuri) was a Finnish blacksmith and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1916 to 1918, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He sided with the Reds during the Finnish Civil War, was made prisoner and shot in May 1918.

References

Category:1872 births
Category:1918 deaths
Category:People from Jyväskylä
Category:People from Häme Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
Category:Social Democratic Party of Finland politicians
Category:Members of the Parliament of Finland (1916–17)
Category:Members of the Parliament of Finland (1917–19)
Category:People of the Finnish Civil War (Red side)
Category:People executed by Finland by firing squad


Boost-glide

Boost-glide trajectories are a class of spacecraft guidance and reentry trajectories that extend the range of suborbital spaceplanes and reentry vehicles by employing aerodynamic lift in the high upper atmosphere. In most examples, boost-glide roughly doubles the range over the purely ballistic trajectory. In others, a series of skips allows range to be further extended, and leads to the alternate terms skip-glide and skip reentry.

The concept was first seriously studied as a way to extend the range of ballistic missiles, but has not been used operationally in this form. However, the Russian Armed Forces announced the entry into operational service of the ICBM launched Avangard hypersonic glide vehicle on 27 December 2019. The underlying aerodynamic concepts have been used to produce maneuverable reentry vehicles, or MARV, to increase the accuracy of some missiles. More recently the traditional form with an extended gliding phase has been considered as a way to reach targets while flying below their radar coverage.

The concept has also been used to extend the reentry time for vehicles returning to Earth from the Moon, who would otherwise have to shed a large amount of velocity in a short time and thereby suffer very high heating rates. The Apollo Command Module used what is essentially a one-skip reentry (or partial skip), as did the Soviet Zond and Chinese Chang'e 5-T1. More complex multi-skip reentry is proposed for newer vehicles like the Orion spacecraft.

History

Early concepts

The conceptual basis for the boost-glide concept was first noticed by German artillery officers, who found that their Peenemünder Pfeilgeschosse arrow shells traveled much further when fired from higher altitudes. This was not entirely unexpected due to geometry and thinner air, but when these factors were accounted for, they still could not explain the much greater ranges being seen. Investigations at Peenemünde led them to discover that the longer trajectories in the thinner high-altitude air resulted in the shell having an angle of attack that produced aerodynamic lift at supersonic speeds. At the time this was considered highly undesirable because it made the trajectory very difficult to calculate, but its possible application for extending range was not lost on the observers.

In June 1939, Kurt Patt of Klaus Riedel's design office at Peenemünde proposed wings for converting rocket speed and altitude into aerodynamic lift and range. He calculated that this would roughly double range of the A-4 rockets from  to about . Early development was considered under the A-9 name, although little work other than wind tunnel studies at the Zeppelin-Staaken company would be carried out during the next few years. Low-level research continued until 1942 when it was cancelled.

The earliest known use of the boost-glide concept for truly long-range use dates to the 1941 Silbervogel proposal by  Eugen Sänger for a rocket powered bomber able to attack New York City from bases in Germany and then fly on for landing somewhere in the Pacific Ocean held by the Empire of Japan. The idea would be to use the vehicle's wings to generate lift and pull up into a new ballistic trajectory, exiting the atmosphere again and giving the vehicle time to cool off between the skips. It was later demonstrated that the heating load during the skips was much higher than initially calculated, and would have melted the spacecraft.

In 1943, the A-9 work was dusted off again, this time under the name A-4b. It has been suggested this was either because it was now based on an otherwise unmodified A-4, or because the A-4 program had "national priority" by this time, and placing the development under the A-4 name guaranteed funding. A-4b used swept wings in order to extend the range of the V2 enough to allow attacks on UK cities in The Midlands or to reach London from areas deeper within Germany. The A-9 was originally similar, but later featured long ogive delta shaped wings instead of the more conventional swept ones. This design was adapted as a crewed upper stage for the A-9/A-10 intercontinental missile, which would glide from a point over the Atlantic with just enough range to bomb New York before the pilot bailed out.

Post-war development

In the immediate post-war era, Soviet rocket engineer Aleksei Isaev found a copy of an updated August 1944 report on the Silbervogel concept. He had the paper translated to Russian, and it eventually came to the attention of Joseph Stalin who was intensely interested in the concept of an antipodal bomber. In 1946, he sent his son Vasily Stalin and scientist Grigori Tokaty, who had also worked on winged rockets before the war, to visit Sänger and Irene Bredt in Paris and attempt to convince them to join a new effort in the Soviet Union. Sänger and Bredt turned down the invitation.

In November 1946, the Soviets formed the NII-1 design bureau under Mstislav Keldysh to develop their own version without Sänger and Bredt. Their early work convinced them to convert from a rocket powered hypersonic skip-glide concept to a ramjet powered supersonic cruise missile, not unlike the Navaho being developed in the United States during the same period. Development continued for a time as the Keldysh bomber, but improvements in conventional ballistic missiles ultimately rendered the project unnecessary.

In the United States, the skip-glide concept was advocated by many of the German scientists who moved there, primarily Walter Dornberger and Krafft Ehricke at Bell Aircraft. In 1952, Bell proposed a bomber concept that was essentially a vertical launch version of Silbervogel known as Bomi. This led to a number of follow-on concepts during the 1950s, including Robo, Hywards, Brass Bell, and ultimately the Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar. Earlier designs were generally bombers, while later models were aimed at reconnaissance or other roles. Dornberger and Ehricke also collaborated on a 1955 Popular Science article pitching the idea for airliner use.

The introduction of successful intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) in the offensive role ended any interest in the skip-glide bomber concepts, as did the reconnaissance satellite for the spyplane roles. The X-20 space fighter saw continued interest through the 1960s, but was ultimately the victim of budget cuts; after another review in March 1963, Robert McNamara canceled the program in December, noting that after $400 million had been spent they still had no mission for it to fulfill.

Russia in March 2018 unveiled hypersonic glide vehicle Avangard. Whereas China officially unveiled the DF-ZF Hypersonic Glide Vehicle in October 1st, 2019.

Missile use
The only operational military application of the concept, as of December 2019, is the hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) Avangard (; ), which officially entered active service as an ICBM payload on 27th December 2019.

Development work on what was to become the Avangard HGV began in the Soviet era.  The vehicle, then referred to as Object 4202, was reported in October 2016 to have had a successful test.. Russian president Vladimir Putin announced on 1 March 2018 that Avangard had entered serial production, claiming that its manoeuvrability makes it invulnerable to all current missile defences.

Through the 1960s, the skip-glide concept saw interest not as a way to extend range, which was no longer a concern with modern missiles, but as the basis for maneuverable reentry vehicles for ICBMs. The first known example was the Alpha Draco tests of 1959, followed by the Boost Glide Reentry Vehicle (BGRV) test series, ASSET and PRIME.

This research was eventually put to use in the Pershing II's MARV reentry vehicle. In this case, there is no extended gliding phase; the warhead uses lift only for short periods to adjust its trajectory. This is used late in the reentry process, combining data from a Singer Kearfott inertial navigation system with a Goodyear Aerospace active radar. Similar concepts have been developed for most nuclear-armed nations' theatre ballistic missiles.

In contrast to these maneuvering warhead concepts, there has been growing interest in the traditional boost-glide concept not to extend range per se, but to allow it to reach a given range while flying at a much lower altitude. The goal, in this case, is to keep the reentry vehicle below radar coverage until it enters the terminal phase. Such a system is assumed to be used on the Chinese DF-21D anti-ship ballistic missile, which is also believed to maneuver during the terminal phase to make interception more difficult. The later DF-26, a development of the DP-21, may be armed with the WU-14, a hypersonic glide vehicle that has been successfully tested six times by the Chinese. Similar efforts by Russia led to the Kholod and GLL-8 Igla hypersonic test projects, and more recently the Yu-71 hypersonic glide vehicle which can be carried by RS-28 Sarmat.

In the early 21st century, boost-glide became the topic of some interest as a possible solution to the Prompt Global Strike (PGS), which seeks a weapon that can hit a target anywhere on the Earth within one hour of launch from the United States. PGS does not define the mode of operation, and current studies include Advanced Hypersonic Weapon boost-glide warhead, Falcon HTV-2 hypersonic aircraft, and submarine-launched missiles. The WU-14 would be similar to these weapons. Hypersonic Glide Vehicles could be used for delivering quick nuclear decapitating strikes.

Lockheed Martin is developing the hypersonic AGM-183A Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon ARRW.

Countermeasures
While flying below the operational envelope of Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicles, the tradeoff with HGVs in comparison to conventional MIRVs are many-fold, including no needle in a haystack protection from missile decoys and both less speed and altitude as they near the target, meaning that HGVs are more easily intercepted by low-tier interceptors, some examples of which include the high thrust Mach 10 Sprint missile which was in service briefly from 1975 to 1976, its US derivatives, and the still operational Mach 17 Russian 53T6, ABM-3 Gazelle. Moreover, the possible re-emergence of nuclear or hit-to-kill stratosphere reaching guns, guided and triggered by forward operating flight-path sensors - for example, the 2016 Hypervelocity Projectile (HVP) in development for the M109 howitzer - could also decrease HGV survivability.

Other more speculative counter-hypersonic vehicle measures may involve laser or rail gun technologies.

However, Russian sources claim that its Avangard HGV travels at Mach 27 and "constantly changes its course and altitude while it flies through the atmosphere, chaotically zigzagging on its path to its target, making it impossible to predict the weapon's location", thus making it supposedly "invulnerable to interception".

Reentry vehicle use
The technique was used by the Soviet Zond series of circumlunar spacecraft, which used one skip before landing. In this case a true skip was required in order to allow the spacecraft to reach the higher-latitude landing areas. Zond 6, Zond 7 and Zond 8 made successful skip entries, although Zond 5 did not. The Chang'e 5-T1, which flew mission profiles similar to Zond, also used this technique.

The Apollo Command Module used a skip-like concept to lower the heating loads on the vehicle by extending the re-entry time, but the spacecraft did not leave the atmosphere again and there has been considerable debate whether this makes it a true skip profile. NASA referred to it simply as "lifting entry". A true multi-skip profile was considered as part of the Apollo Skip Guidance concept, but this was not used on any crewed flights. The concept continues to appear on more modern vehicles like the Orion spacecraft, using onboard computers.

Flight mechanics

Using simplified equations of motion and assuming that during the atmospheric flight both drag and lift forces will be much larger than the gravity force acting on the vehicle, the following analytical relations for a skip reentry flight can be derived:

Where gamma is the flight path angle relative to the local horizontal, the subscript E indicates the conditions at the start of the entry and the subscript F indicates the conditions at the end of the entry flight.

The velocity V before and after the entry can be derived to relate as follows:

Where L/D equals the lift to drag ratio of the vehicle.

Existing or indevelopment
. Russian Hypersonic Glide Vehicle- Avangard {developed and deployed}
. Chinese Hypersonic Glide Vehicle- DF-ZF {Indevelopment}
. US Hypersonic Glide Vehicle- HTV-2 {Indevelopment}
. Indian Hypersonic Glide Vehicle- HGV-202F {Indevelopment}

See also
High Speed Strike Weapon (HSSW) (USA)
Prompt Global Strike (PGS) (USA)
ArcLight (missile) (USA)
DARPA Falcon Project (USA)
Boeing X-51 (USA)
North American X-15 (USA)
WU-14 (China)
Avangard (hypersonic glide vehicle) (Russia)
Tupolev Tu-130 (Russia)
BrahMos-II (India / Russia)
Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (India)
MIRV

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

Category:Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States
Category:Atmospheric entry
Category:Apollo program
Category:Spaceplanes
Category:Space weapons
Category:Hypersonic aircraft


Charles Rogers (director)

Charles Rogers (born July 5, 1987) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer and actor best known for his movie Fort Tilden and the TV series Search Party.

Career

Search Party
Charles Rogers created the 2016 comedy/mystery TBS television series Search Party, along with Michael Showalter and Sarah-Violet Bliss, which stars Alia Shawkat as Dory, John Early as Elliott, John Reynolds as Drew, Meredith Hagner as Portia, and Brandon Micheal Hall as Julian. The first season focuses on the disappearance of Dory's college acquaintance Chantal Witherbottom (Clare McNulty), whom she sets out to find, with Drew, Elliott, and Portia reluctantly joining her investigation. While her friends also deal with difficulties in their own lives, Dory focuses on her pursuit of Chantal, believing her to be in danger. The second season focuses on the death of Keith Powell (Ron Livingston), a private investigator who is killed as a result of Dory mistakenly believing him to be a threat to Chantal. As the group struggles to return to their normal lives, they also attempt to cover up Keith's death, which affects them in various ways.

Search Party received critical acclaim; the Los Angeles Times wrote that it was "tightly made and effective on multiple levels", GQ wrote that it is "a flawless oddity, a once-in-a-lifetime piece of art. It's not the weekend's best show, it's the year's best." and the series holds a 100% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 20 reviews, with an average rating of 8.1/10. On Metacritic, the season holds a rating of 81 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". The second season of Search Party premiered on TBS on November 19, 2017 and received positive reviews from television critics. It holds a 95% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and was called a "biting satire made for the Trump era" by Vanity Fair.

Fort Tilden
His 2014 film Fort Tilden, written and directed in collaboration with Sarah-Violet Bliss, starring Bridey Elliott and Clare McNulty premiered at SXSW, where it won the Grand Jury Award and was subsequently acquired by revived Orion Pictures. The film, which centers on two inept best friends on a disastrous journey to the beach, was released on August 14, 2015 theatrically and through video on demand. The film received generally positive reviews from major critics.  Andy Webster of The New York Times said that "rarely has a movie so humorously illustrated the meaning of 'frenemy'", David Edelstein of New York Magazine called Fort Tilden "a brisk comedy packed with sharply drawn characters", and Katie Walsh of the Los Angeles Times said that the film "has an easy, funky groove and captures the sweaty perfection of a New York City summer, where things always look better on Instagram".

Film
Charles Rogers is a graduate of the New York University Tisch School of the Arts MFA film directing program.

He, along with Jordan Firstman, co-wrote and co-starred in the short film Men Don't Whisper, which was an official selection at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival as well as the 2018 South by Southwest Film Festival.  The film follows a gay couple with masculinity issues who attempt to sleep with women. It is produced by JASH and also stars Fort Tilden and Search Party actors Bridey Elliott and Clare McNulty, as well as a guest appearance by SNL alum Cheri Oteri.

Rogers is also one of the filmmakers behind the multi-director feature film Black Dog, Red Dog, produced by James Franco and Rabbit Bandini Productions, starring Logan Marshall-Green, Chloe Sevigny, and Whoopi Goldberg, which premiered at the 2015 International Film Festival of Guanajuato. The film was a class project at the NYU Graduate Film program, taught by James Franco, wherein ten student filmmakers adapted the poetry of Stephen Dobyns.

Television
In addition to his work on Search Party, Rogers has worked as a writer on the first and second seasons of the Netflix series Wet Hot American Summer as well as for the second season of the Amazon series Mozart in the Jungle which won the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.

Recognition
Rogers was named one of the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 in the Hollywood and Entertainment section, and was listed in Out Magazine's OUT100 as one of the 100 most compelling LGBT people in 2017.  In 2017, The Hollywood Reporter named Rogers and Bliss "Hollywood Power Showrunners: Ones To Watch" in their annual list of the top 50 television showrunners and in 2016, the creative duo were named Variety's 10 Writers to Watch.

References

External links

Category:Living people
Category:1987 births
Category:American male screenwriters
Category:American male actors
Category:American producers
Category:LGBT directors
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Film directors from Texas
Category:Tisch School of the Arts alumni
Category:St. Edward's University alumni


Botanical Garden of the University of Heidelberg

The Botanischer Garten der Universität Heidelberg (2 hectares), also known as the Botanischer Garten Heidelberg, is a botanical garden maintained by the University of Heidelberg. It is located at Im Neuenheimer Feld 340, New Campus, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; portions are open to the public daily except Saturday without charge.

The garden was established in 1593 as a hortus medicus for the University of Heidelberg. As such, it is the third oldest botanical garden in Germany, but has moved seven times since its establishment. The present site was created in 1915 by Georg Albrecht Klebs and head gardener Erich Behnick. It was severely damaged in World War II but has subsequently been rebuilt.

Today the garden contains over 14,000 plant taxa, with a primary focus on its greenhouse collections (4000 m² total area), with strengths in succulents, orchids, and bromeliads. The following 11 special collections form its core holdings:

 Aristolochiaceae
 Bromeliaceae (2854 accessions, 1145 spp.)
 Carnivorous plants
 Cycads
 Cyclanthaceae
 Mediterranean Geophytes
 Succulents of Madagascar (1501 accessions, 847 ssp.)
 Succulents of the New World (2342 accessions, 1695 spp.)
 Succulents of the Old World (3563 accessions, 2314 spp.)
 Tropical Ferns
 Tropical Orchids (4852 accessions, 3510 spp.)

The garden's outdoor sections contains plants from bogs and heath, an alpine garden, fern ravine and inland dune, weedy vineyard, and a systematic collection. The herbarium contains over 250,000 specimens representing more than 50,000 taxa.

See also
 List of botanical gardens in Germany

References

 Botanischer Garten der Universität Heidelberg
 Garden guide
 BGCI entry
 Heidelberg Marketing entry
 Qype entry

External links

Heidelberg, Botanischer Garten der Universitat
Heidelberg, Botanischer Garten der Universitat
Category:Heidelberg University
Category:Tourist attractions in Heidelberg
Category:Geography of Heidelberg


2006 AAA Championships

The 2006 AAA Championships was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), held from 15–16 July at the Manchester Regional Arena in Manchester, England. It was considered the de facto national championships for the United Kingdom.

It was the final major edition of the long-running competition, as it was replaced by the UK Athletics-organised British Athletics Championships the following year. This signalled a move away from the English AAA-led management of the sport, in favour of a centralised, national and elite-focused championships.

Medal summary

Men

Women

References

Category:AAA Championships
AAA Championships
Athletics Outdoor
AAA Championships
Category:Sports competitions in Manchester
Category:Athletics competitions in England


Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty Site

The Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty Site was the location in present-day Kansas of the signing of the Medicine Lodge Treaty in October 1867 by the United States government with major Western Native American tribes of the region.  The treaty, whose peace lasted less than one year, was the first in which the United States formally adopted the policy of attempting to acculturate Native Americans to European ways.  The treaty site is located south of Medicine Lodge, around the confluence of Elm Creek and the Medicine Lodge River; it was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1969 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Description and history
The Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty Site is located roughly south of the modern city of Medicine Lodge.  The actual site of negotiations and treaty signings is located near the confluence of Elm Creek and the Medicine Lodge River, with Native American encampments (containing as many as 5,000 people) spread along both banks of the river.  The area is in a combination of public and private ownership, and is most readily viewed at a distance, from the Memorial Peace Park about 1-1/2 miles to the east.  There is a natural amphitheater facing west in the park, which is the site of periodic reenactments of the treaty events.

In the years following the American Civil War, westward expansion into the plains of what are now Kansas and Nebraska placed pressure on the local Native American tribes, who contested the encroachments on their land with violence.  A punitive expedition led by General Winfield Scott Hancock destroyed a Cheyenne village west of Medicine Lodge in the spring of 1867, leading to calls by peace-favoring politicians for negotiations toward some sort of long-term agreement with the affected tribes.  The basic policy proposals worked out in the summer of 1867 included the settlement those tribes on reservations, where they could eventually be "civilized" and learn to adopt the ways of white men.

The Indian Peace Commission was created by Congress in July 1867, given powers to agree to terms.  In negotiations held here in October 1867, five tribes agreed to terms, which were formalized in three separate treaties known collectively as the Medicine Lodge Treaty.  The peace was to be short-lived, as neither side effectively held its end of the bargains, and by the following summer violence was again flaring up.

The site of the treaty meetings was identified by a Kiowa spectator of the events in 1922 as being a grove of elm trees on the south bank of Elm Creek, just east of the Medicine Lodge River.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Barber County, Kansas
List of National Historic Landmarks in Kansas

References

External links
 Medicine Lodge Indian Peace Treaty Pageant
 Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty - Kansas Historical Society history

Category:National Historic Landmarks in Kansas
Category:Protected areas of Barber County, Kansas
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Barber County, Kansas


Joey Zasa

Joey Zasa is a fictional character and antagonist appearing in The Godfather Part III. He was portrayed by Joe Mantegna. He is based on a composite of three real Mafia members: Joseph Colombo, Joe Gallo and John Gotti.

Character overview
Zasa is a longtime member of Corleone caporegime Peter Clemenza's regime. Following the retirement of Ritchie Nobilio, who succeeded Frank Pentangeli (Michael V. Gazzo) after the events of The Godfather Part II, Zasa assumes control over the Corleone family business in New York City with approval from the Commission and Michael Corleone (Al Pacino). Zasa is feared and, to a certain degree, respected among his peers in the New York underworld for his business acumen and utter ruthlessness. However, his flamboyance and hunger for publicity earns Michael's displeasure, especially during the 1970s when it attracts unwanted public attention to Michael's criminal past when he is attempting to rehabilitate his public image. Michael especially disapproves of Zasa's eagerness to enter the drug trade, and distances himself from him.

In the film
In The Godfather Part III, Zasa first appears at a reception honoring Michael. He gets into an argument with one of his soldiers, Vincent Mancini (Andy García), the illegitimate son of Sonny Corleone. Zasa calls Vincent a bastard in Michael's presence, prompting the enraged young man to attack Zasa. Zasa subsequently hires two assassins to kill Vincent, but Vincent quickly kills both.

Later in the film, Zasa participates in a plot to have Michael assassinated during a meeting with the various Dons in Atlantic City, New Jersey. During the meeting, Michael insults Zasa, prompting him to storm out; moments later, a helicopter containing gunmen hovers above the room and guns down nearly everyone inside. Michael escapes, but nearly every other Don is killed.  The survivors make deals with Zasa.

Several days later, Michael's sister Connie (Talia Shire) gives clearance for Vincent to kill Zasa before he can take another run at Michael.  Vincent assassinates Zasa in Bensonhurst during a street festival. Vincent's men and Michael's personal assassin Al Neri (disguised as members of the church procession) kill Zasa's bodyguards, while Vincent (disguised as an NYPD Mounted Patrol officer) shoots Zasa in the back three times as he attempts to escape.

References

Zasa, Joey
Category:Fictional American people of Italian descent
Category:Fictional mobsters
Category:Film characters introduced in 1990
Category:Fictional mass murderers
Category:Fictional assassinated people
Category:Fictional capos
Category:Male film villains


Michael Thomson (cyclist)

Michael Thomson (born ) is a South African male  track cyclist, riding for the national team. He competed in the keirin event at the 2010 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.

References

External links
 Profile at cyclingarchives.com

Category:1983 births
Category:Living people
Category:South African track cyclists
Category:South African male cyclists
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Category:Paralympic cyclists
Category:Paralympic bronze medalists for South Africa
Category:Medalists at the 2008 Summer Paralympics


Elizabeth Bentley (writer)

Elizabeth Bentley (1767–1839) was an English poet.

Biography
She was born in Norwich to Elizabeth Lawrence and Daniel Bentley. The latter, a journeyman cordwainer who had himself received a good education, educated Elizabeth, his only child. The family faced financial difficulties after he suffered a stroke in 1777 and was unable to work at his usual trade. He died in 1783, when his daughter was sixteen.

Two years later, Bentley reported a new-found desire to write poetry "which [she] had no thought or desire of being seen." Her first collection, Genuine Poetical Compositions (1791), had an impressive 1,935 subscribers, including literary notables Elizabeth Carter, Elizabeth Montagu, William Cowper, and Hester Chapone. As a labouring-class poet, Bentley—"content to be the last and lowest of the tuneful train"—adopted a humble stance towards her readers and let it be known that the venture was intended to establish an annuity for she and her mother. Both her collections, however, contained portraits of the author and accounts of her life; the account written in 1790 and published in the first volume is the source of most that is known of her. Her poetry celebrates the countryside and engages in public debates on topics such as abolitionism and cruelty to animals. Cowper compared her favourably with Mary Leapor, a labouring-class poet of the previous generation, citing her "strong natural genius."

After the publication of her first volume, Bentley kept a small boarding school and did not publish much—some poems for children; an ode on the Battle of Trafalgar (1805)—for three decades. This hiatus ended with the publication of her Poems in 1821.

She died nine years later in an almshouse.

Works
 Genuine Poetical Compositions, on Various Subjects (Norwich, by subscription, 1791) (Etext, British Women Romantic Poets Project)
 Tales for Children in Verse
 Poems; being the Genuine Compositions of Elizabeth Bentley (by subscription, 1821)

Notes

Resources

 Blain, Virginia, et al., eds. "Bentley, Elizabeth." The Feminist Companion to Literature in English. New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1990. 85.
 Landry, Donna. "Bentley, Elizabeth (bap. 1767, d. 1839)." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004. 12 April 2007.

Category:English women poets
Category:1767 births
Category:1839 deaths
Category:18th-century British women writers
Category:19th-century British women writers
Category:People from Norwich
Category:18th-century English writers
Category:19th-century English writers


Under One Roof (album)

Under One Roof is the third live album by Australian rock group Hunters & Collectors, released on 11 November 1998. It was recorded on 13 March 1998 at one of the band's last performances of their Juggernaut Say Goodbye Tour at the Coogee Bay Hotel in Sydney. The group also issued a video album of the same name on VHS in 1998, which was directed by Victoria Garrett and Charlie Singer.

A DVD of this performance was subsequently released on 24 November 2003 with a surround sound audio mix. To coincide with the DVD release the CD was re-issued on 1 December 2003. The DVD reached No. 31 on the ARIA DVD Charts and was subsequently certified Gold. On 3 June 2011 the album was reissued with a different title, Hunters & Collectors – Greatest Hits Live, and different artwork. A combined CD and DVD package, under the original title was released on 5 April 2013.

Background

Australian rock band, Hunters & Collectors, issued Under One Roof on 11 November 1998, after they had disbanded earlier that year. The line-up of the group was John Archer on bass guitar and backing vocals; Doug Falconer on drums, percussion, programming and backing vocals; Jack Howard on trumpet, keyboards and backing vocals; Barry Palmer on lead guitar; Mark Seymour on lead vocals; Jeremy Smith on guitars, French horn, keyboards, programming and backing vocals; and Michael Waters on trombone. In January the group had released Juggernaut, their ninth studio album, which was co-produced with Kalju Tonuma (The Mavis's, Boom Crash Opera) and Mark Opitz (Hoodoo Gurus, Jimmy Barnes, INXS) and the band.

With its release, Hunters & Collectors announced that they would disband after the Juggernaut Say Goodbye tour. On 13 March 1998 at one of the band's last performances, at the Coogee Bay Hotel in Sydney, they recorded Under One Roof. Their last public show was on 22 March 1998 in Melbourne before disbanding. The group also issued a video album of the same name on VHS in 1998, which was directed by Victoria Garrett and Charlie Singer.

In March 2009 Seymour told Patrick Donovan of The Age "It was a pretty serious decision to retire, and all the guys in the band are heavyweight professionals in their respective areas of employment. Obviously we have to put ourselves first. There's just no momentum in the idea (of reforming)".

Track listing
"Where Do You Go?" – 4:47
"Turn a Blind Eye" – 4:44
"Head Above Water" – 3:52
"What's a Few Men" – 3:50
"Talking to a Stranger" – 4:52
"42 Wheels" – 3:49
"Back in the Hole" – 4:21
"True Tears of Joy" – 4:30
"When the River Runs Dry" – 5:59
"True Believers" – 4:19
"Say Goodbye" – 5:10
"Holy Grail" – 3:52
"The Slab" – 5:18
"Throw Your Arms Around Me" – 5:16
"Inside a Fireball" – 5:21
"Stuck on You" – 3:34
"Do You See What I See?" – 4:58

Personnel
Credited to:
Hunters & Collectors members
John Archer – bass guitar, backing vocals
Doug Falconer – drums, backing vocals
Jack Howard – trumpet, keyboards, backing vocals
Robert Miles – live sound, production manager
Barry Palmer – guitar
Mark Seymour – Lead vocals, guitar
Jeremy Smith – guitar, French horn, keyboards, backing vocals
 Michael Waters – trombone, keyboards

Production details
 Recording engineer – Tim Whitten
 Assistant recording engineer – Trevor King
 Mixed – Chris Dickie at Sing Sing Studio’s, Melbourne
 Producer – Hunters & Collectors
 Mastered – Don Bartley, Studios 301, Sydney
 Art and design – Robert Miles
 Layout – Sonia Cox
 Photography – Isamu Sawa
 Director – Victoria Garrett, Charlie Singer (for VHS or DVD)

References

Category:Hunters & Collectors albums
Category:1998 albums
Category:Mushroom Records live albums


Ewald Georg von Kleist

Ewald Georg von Kleist (10 June 1700 – 11 December 1748) was a German jurist, Lutheran cleric, and physicist.

A member of the von Kleist family, Ewald was born in Vietzow (Wicewo) in Farther Pomerania. He studied jurisprudence at the University of Leipzig and the University of Leyden and may have started his interest in electricity at the latter university under the influence of Willem 's Gravesande. From 1722-1745 he was dean of the cathedral at Kammin in the Kingdom of Prussia, after which he became president of the royal court of justice in Köslin.

On 11 October 1745 he independently invented the Kleistian jar which could store electricity in large quantities.  He communicated this discovery to a group of Berlin scientists in late 1745, and the news was transferred in a confused form to Leyden University where it was further investigated.  This became  more commonly known as the Leyden jar after  graduate student Pieter van Musschenbroek of Leyden.

References

Category:1700 births
Category:1748 deaths
Category:People from Tychowo
Category:German jurists
Category:German inventors
Category:Deans (Christianity)
Category:German Lutheran clergy
Category:German physicists
Ewald Georg
Category:People from the Province of Pomerania
Category:Leipzig University alumni
Category:Leiden University alumni


Emily Charlotte Talbot

Emily Charlotte Talbot (1 August 1840 – 21 September 1918) was an heiress and industrialist of South Wales, the daughter of Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot.

She was born in Belgrave Square, the centrepiece of Belgravia in London.

Following the death of her brother, Theodore, in 1876,, Emily - known locally as "Miss Talbot" throughout her life - became the heiress to her father's fortune and his estates at Margam and Penrice, which she inherited on his death in 1890. She was largely responsible for creating a port and railway system to attract business to Port Talbot. She made her home at Margam Castle, did not marry, and on 26 September 1918 was buried in the family vault in Margam church.

From a press obituary:

References

Category:1840 births
Category:1918 deaths
Category:19th-century businesswomen
Category:20th-century businesswomen
Category:British railway entrepreneurs
Category:Port Talbot
Category:People from Belgravia
Category:Talbot family
Category:19th-century Welsh businesspeople


Edwin Skinner

Edwin Skinner (born 15 October 1940) was a Trinidadian athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres.

He competed for Trinidad and Tobago in the 1964 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan in the 4 x 400 metre relay where he won the bronze medal with his team mates Kent Bernard, Edwin Roberts and Wendell Mottley.

References

Sports Reference

Category:Trinidad and Tobago male sprinters
Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Trinidad and Tobago
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic athletes of Trinidad and Tobago
Category:1940 births
Category:Living people
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Category:Commonwealth Games competitors for Trinidad and Tobago
Category:Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)


Scott Sowers

Scott Nicolai Sowers (November 5, 1963 April 1, 2018) was an American actor, probably best known for his roles as Detective Parker in the late 1990s ABC series Cracker and for his role as Stanley Kowalski on stage in A Streetcar Named Desire.  He established the Signature Theatre Company in 1991, and the following year he won the Drama-Logue Award for Performance for his role as the colonel in "A Few Good Men" at the Shubert Theatre. In film he has played some notable minor roles, such as a mercenary in Under Siege 2: Dark Territory (1995), a prison guard in Dead Man Walking (1995), and a condemned man in True Grit (2010). Aside from numerous dramatic readings for audiobooks, Sowers has also provided his voice for videogames such as  Batman: Dark Tomorrow (2003), Manhunt 2 (2007) and Homefront (2011).

Early life
Sowers was born on November 5, 1963, in Arlington County, Virginia. There, he graduated from Washington-Lee High School in 1982 (along with friend Sandra Bullock). Sowers went on to study at the University of North Carolina School of the Arts before moving to New York City.

Background and stage work
Sowers began his career as a stage actor. In 1989 New York Magazine praised his "excellent" performance as Starns in the play Heathen Valley. In 1991 he established the Signature Theater Company with James Houghton. In 1992 the Chicago Sun-Times noted Sowers's "formidable colonel" in a stage production of A Few Good Men at the Shubert Theatre. The production later went on a national tour, which won him the Drama-Logue Award for Performance.

In 1996, Sowers played Will Masters on stage in a Broadway production of Bus Stop. In 2004 he played Stanley Kowalski, a major character in A Streetcar Named Desire at Studio 54 in New York City; the following year, John C. Reilly played the part and Sowers played the more minor part of Steve. In 2007 he appeared on Broadway in Inherit the Wind.

With the Ensemble Studio Theatre, Sowers appeared in productions of Matthew and the Pastor’s Wife, Lenin’s Embalmers, Princes of Waco, Lucy and Hand to God. He has also appeared on stage in the Wilma Theater of Philadelphia, the Long Wharf Theater of New Haven, Connecticut in 2003, the Actor's Theater of Louisville, the Baltimore Center Stage, and the Oslo Festival in Norway. In September 2012 he appeared at the Valborg Theatre of Appalachian State University in Romulus Linney ... Back Home in the Mountains: A Tribute to Romulus Linney.

Film and television roles
Sowers starred in the 1995 Steven Seagal film Under Siege 2: Dark Territory as one of the mercenaries, and has played detectives and police officers in various films and television series, including Cracker, where he played Detective Parker from 1997 to 1999, and a prison guard in the 1995 film Dead Man Walking. He appeared in A Season for Miracles (1999), and several episodes of Law & Order and its spinoffs, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Law & Order: Criminal Intent. He also made an appearance in Erin Brockovich in 2000.

In 2009 he portrayed Uncle Drake in the TV series Get Hit. This was followed by a role as Joseph Earl Dinler in the Boardwalk Empire episode "Anastasia" in 2010. In 2010 he also played an unrepentant condemned man in the acclaimed Coen Brothers film True Grit opposite Jeff Bridges. In 2013 he had a minor role as Russo in an episode of the CBS series Blue Bloods.

Other work
Sowers has done dramatic readings for audiobooks, and provided voice characterization for the short documentary film An American Synagogue. California Bookwatch praised Sowers's "dramatic prowess which translates well to audio as he tells of a police chief forced into identifying a dead woman". In 2003 he provided the voice of Victor Zsasz for the video game Batman: Dark Tomorrow, and in 2011 he provided the voice of Arnie in the videogame Homefront.

Death
On April 1, 2018, Sowers had a heart attack and died, aged 54, at a friend's home in New York City.

References

External links

Scott Sowers audiobook titles at Amazon.com

Category:American male stage actors
Category:American male film actors
Category:American male television actors
Category:1963 births
Category:2018 deaths
Category:American male voice actors
Category:American male video game actors
Category:20th-century American male actors
Category:21st-century American male actors
Category:Deaths from cardiac arrest
Category:Disease-related deaths in New York (state)
Category:Male actors from Virginia


HMNZS Rotoiti (F625)

HMNZS Rotoiti (F625) was a  of the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN), which had formerly served in the British Royal Navy as  at the end of World War II.

Service history

World War II
Built by Henry Robb of Leith, the ship was launched on 21 August 1944 and commissioned as Loch Katrine in December 1944. She served as an escort for the Gibraltar convoys until the end of World War II, and then in the Indian Ocean with the Eastern Fleet. The ship was decommissioned in May 1946 and laid-up in reserve.

Sale to New Zealand
In 1948 Loch Katrine was sold to New Zealand for £234,150. After refitting at HMNB Portsmouth she was commissioned into the Royal New Zealand Navy on 7 May 1949, and renamed Rotoiti on 16 May by Mrs Bill Jordan, wife of the New Zealand High Commissioner. In June Rotoiti exercised with the Mediterranean Fleet and in July took passage with  to Auckland, via Aden and Singapore, arriving in August to join the 11th Frigate Squadron for patrols and visits in the South-Western Pacific.

1st Korean tour, 1950–1951
On 29 June 1950, in response to an appeal from the United Nations, New Zealand made two frigates available for UN service in Korea. On 7 October Rotoiti sailed from Auckland to Sasebo, calling at Darwin and Hong Kong, and arriving in Japan on 5 November to relieve . She then sailed to Inchon for convoy escort, harbour control, and patrol duties. In December she embarked senior UN officers and a US news correspondent during a visit to the Han River. Rotoitis deployment off the west coast of Korea continued into the next year with maintenance and leave periods spent at Kure, Japan.

On 17 July 1951 during a patrol in the approaches of Chinnampo harbour she carried out an attack on an enemy gun position at Sogon-Ni Point. An assault party of 14 men, supported by gunfire from the ship, landed and took two enemy soldiers prisoner. On 25 August she carried out second raid on gun positions at Sogon-Ni. The shore party, which included Royal Marines from  landed, but came under fire and 19-year-old Able Seaman Robert Edward Marchioni was killed. He was the only RNZN casualty of the Korean War. Patrol and support bombardment duties off west coast of Korea continued into September and Rotoiti completed her first tour of duty with the United Nations in October.

On 25 October while en route from Kure to Hong Kong she received a distress message from the British merchant ship SS Hupeh which had been boarded by pirates in the Yangtze River estuary. The pirates threatened reprisals if Hupeh were boarded, but agreed to leave the ship if they were granted safe passage to a nearby island. To avoid bloodshed this was accepted. After calling at Hong Kong, the frigate returned to Auckland, via Borneo and Brisbane, arriving in November for service in the 11th Frigate Flotilla.

In May 1952 awards were made to the ship's company for their Korean service. These included the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) to the Captain, Lieutenant-Commander B.E. Turner, who was later awarded the United States' Legion of Merit – the only RNZN officer to be awarded this distinction. The DSC was also awarded to two other officers, and also two Distinguished Service Medals. A Mention in Despatches was awarded to the Petty Officer Telegraphist, and Able Seaman Marchioni was awarded a Posthumous Mention in Despatches.

2nd Korean tour, 1952–1953
On 7 January 1952 Rotoiti sailed for her second Korean tour of duty, relieving  at Sasebo on 2 February. Deployed for patrol and support duties, on 22 February, while anchored in the Han River estuary to provide gunfire support during a planned raid on enemy positions, she came under heavy fire from three shore batteries and withdrew without casualties. In October while at Kure she was visited by the First Sea Lord, Admiral Sir Rhoderick McGrigor. Her final patrol off the west coast of Korea was in February 1953, before returning to Auckland on 19 March. Three awards of Mention in Despatches were made, one to an officer and two to ratings. After a refit and modernisation the ship was reduced to Reserve status in 1954 and was laid-up at Auckland.

Operation Grapple, 1957
In February 1957 Rotoiti was recommissioned to support the "Operation Grapple" nuclear weapon trials at Christmas Island, arriving there on 31 March. Nuclear trials monitoring occupied the rest of the year in rotation with Pukaki.

Eastern Fleet, 1958–1961
In 1958 the frigate was deployed for squadron duties at Auckland. In May, after refitting, she sailed to Singapore to join the 3rd Frigate Squadron, Far East Fleet as part of the Commonwealth Strategic Reserve. Deployed with the Squadron for exercises and visits, she carried out joint exercises with the United States Navy off Japan, and anti-piracy patrols off North Borneo. In March 1959 she escorted the Royal Yacht  during a Royal visit to Tarawa in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, and was visited by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh before returning to Auckland in April.

An extended refit took place from August, to the same standard as the modernised Royal Navy Loch-class frigates, including updated UHF radio and electronic warfare equipment. Accommodation was improved and two Bofors 40 mm mountings were fitted in place of the obsolescent 2-pounder pom-pom.

In March 1960, after sea trials and joint exercises off Sydney with the Royal Australian Navy, Rotoiti returned to the 3rd Frigate Squadron at Singapore for an extensive programme of Fleet and joint exercises and visits, calling at Bangkok, Port Swettenham and Pangkor, and then Tokyo and Manila. She returned to Auckland in March 1961 to rejoin the 11th Frigate Squadron.

11th Frigate Squadron, 1961–1965
Rotoiti was deployed with the Squadron for exercises and visits until June 1962, then was refitted for deployment as part of "Operation Deep Freeze" in the Antarctic. She arrived at Expedition Headquarters at Lyttelton on 8 October, then sailed into the Southern Ocean with 31 trainee seamen ratings aboard, to carry out meteorological and oceanographic studies, finally returning to Auckland on 12 December.

From January to September 1963 she carried out Flotilla duties in New Zealand waters and Pacific Islands patrols. In October and November Rotoiti was again detached for meteorological reporting and Air-Sea Rescue duty in "Operation Deep Freeze". On 3 February 1964 Rotoiti sailed to Fiji to escort the Royal Yacht Britannia during a Royal Visit to Fiji and New Zealand by The Queen Mother. Joining the Royal Yacht at Lautoka on the 10th, she escorted the yacht during visits to Wellington, Timaru, Bluff, and Dunedin. From March 1964 Rotoiti served as a training ship for New Entry Seamen ratings, until August 1965 when she was decommissioned and put into Reserve at Auckland.

Disposal
Rotoiti was placed on the Disposal List in 1966, and sold for scrapping to the Hong Kong Rolling Mills. On 18 January 1967 Rotoiti was paired with sister ship  and towed by the tug Daisy to Hong Kong for breaking up.

See also
 Frigates of the Royal New Zealand Navy

References
Notes

Bibliography
 Service Histories of Royal Navy Warships in World War II : HMS Loch Katrine
 McDougall, R J  (1989) New Zealand Naval Vessels. Page 37-41. Government Printing Office.

External links
 HMNZS Rotoiti (F625) photo

Category:1944 ships
Category:Loch-class frigates of the Royal New Zealand Navy
Category:Military units and formations of New Zealand in the Korean War


1992 NK Rijeka season

The 1992 season was the 46th season in Rijeka’s history. It was their 1st season in the Prva HNL and 18th successive top tier season.

Competitions

Prva HNL

Classification

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Prva HNL

Source: HRnogomet.com

Croatian Cup

Source: HRnogomet.com

Squad statistics
Competitive matches only.  Appearances in brackets indicate numbers of times the player came on as a substitute.

See also
1992 Prva HNL
1992 Croatian Cup

Notes
1. The game was abandoned in the 76th minute as Rijeka players protested the referee’s decision to award Inter the penalty kick. At the time, Rijeka was leading 1–0. The match was voided and awarded 3–0 to Inker.

References

External sources
 1992 Prva HNL at HRnogomet.com
 1992 Croatian Cup at HRnogomet.com
 Prvenstvo 1992. at nk-rijeka.hr

Category:HNK Rijeka seasons
Rijeka
Hajduk Split


Liz Pike

Elizabeth Jane Pike (née Samwel; born January 7, 1960) is an American politician. Pike serves as a Republican in the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 18th Legislative District in Position 2. On August 23, 2012, Pike was appointed to complete Ann Rivers' 2011–13 term as state representative in the 18th District in Position 1. Rivers had been appointed to complete Joe Zarelli's 2009–13 term as State Senator in the 18th District following Zarelli's retirement. Brandon Vick ultimately was elected as the state representative in the 18th District in Position 1 in the 2012 election, which Pike vacated due to her concurrent successful run for Position 2.

Personal background
Liz Pike was born on January 7, 1960, and raised on a Brush Prairie, Washington dairy farm as one of 13 children. She attended Battle Ground High School and graduated with honors. She also attended Clark College. She has two children.

Professional background
Pike has owned and operated Pike Advertising and triathlon/running event company. Her professional background includes serving as the political director with the Building Industry Association of Clark County, divisional board member of Umpqua Bank, and board member of her homeowner association.

Camas City government
In 2003, Pike ran successfully for a nonpartisan at-large position on the Camas City Council. In the primary, Pike, running under her then married surname of Erikson, finished first with 51 percent of the vote versus David Gast's 35.8 percent and Bruce Lindoff's 13.3 percent. In the General Election, Pike edged out Gast with 51.72 percent of the vote.

In 2007, instead of running for reelection for the Camas City Council, Pike challenged the incumbent Camas mayor, Paul Dennis. During the summer, The Vancouver Voice courted controversy around the mayoral race after publishing a vitriolic letter from one of its readers that attacked the character of Pike. She responded by sending a letter of complaint from her attorney to the paper and the writer of the letter (who is unaffiliated with the paper's staff). In the General Election, Pike was defeated by Dennis, earning only 25 percent of the vote.

Washington State government
On January 23, 2012, Pike announced that she would be running for state representative in the 18th District in Position 2, vacated by Ed Orcutt who was redistricted into the 20th District. The 18th District's state senator, Joe Zarelli, announced minutes after the end of the candidate filing period on May 18, 2012, that he would not be seeking reelection. Zarelli notified Ann Rivers earlier in the day that he wouldn't be seeking reelection and invited her to run for his soon to be former senate seat. Likewise, minutes before the end of the filing period State Representative Paul Harris informed Brandon Vick that Rivers was going to run for Zarelli's senate seat and that he should run for Rivers' state representative seat. At the end of May, Zarelli announced that he would not only be not running for reelection, but retiring early. His resignation set off a chain of events, wherein Rivers was first appointed to complete Zarelli's senate term. Pike was appointed to complete Rivers' term as state representative. The Cowlitz and Clark county commissioners had selected Pike, despite Vick being the first choice of the district's Precinct Committee Officers.

In the Primary Election, Pike faced Democrats David Shehorn, chair of the 18th District Democrats and retired computer systems engineer, and Ryan Gompertz, a 19-year-old history and economics major at the University of Washington. The results of the primary were Pike receiving the most votes with 61.3 percent of the vote, while Shehorn and Gomphertz received 30.1 percent and 8.6 percent, respectively. In the General Election, Pike received 60.46 percent of the vote to Shehorn's 39.54 percent. Pike's term as an appointed state representative for the 18th District in Position 1 ended on December 6, 2012. She was sworn in as state representative for the 18th District in Position 2 on January 14, 2013.

References

Category:Members of the Washington House of Representatives
Category:Living people
Category:Washington (state) Republicans
Category:1960 births
Category:Women state legislators in Washington (state)
Category:21st-century American politicians
Category:21st-century American women politicians


Charles Doughty-Wylie

Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hotham Montagu "Richard" Doughty-Wylie,  (23 July 1868 – 26 April 1915) was a British Army officer and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to members of the British and Commonwealth armed forces. Doughty-Wylie was also posthumously awarded the Order of the Medjidie from the very Ottoman Government he had fought against. He was generally known as Richard.

Early life
A native of Suffolk, born at Theberton Hall, Doughty-Wylie was educated at Winchester College. He graduated from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst in 1889. His military career included the Chitral Expedition of 1895 and the 1898 Occupation of Crete, between and after which he was posted in Sudan serving with Lord Kitchener in the Mahdist War (1898–99). In 1899 he took part in the final defeat of the Khalifa as brigade major to the Infantry Brigade with the flying column, and was mentioned in despatches. He next served in the Second Boer War, then suppressing the  Boxer Rebellion (1900) and in Somaliland (1903–04), where he commanded a unit of the Somaliland Camel Corps.

Turkish Revolution
Colonel Doughty-Wylie was the British consul in Mersina, Ottoman Empire, during the Young Turk Revolution of 1909. Richard Bell-Davies (later a VC recipient, then a lieutenant on the battleship ) met him at the time and gives an account in his autobiography Sailor in the Air (1967).

Massacres of Armenians in Mersina started along with the revolution, and Bell-Davies says that it was largely due to the efforts of Doughty-Wylie that these were halted. Doughty-Wylie then went to Adana, forty miles away, where he persuaded the local Vali (Governor) to give him a small escort of Ottoman troops and a bugler; with these he managed to restore order. Mrs. Doughty-Wylie (nee Lilian Adams-Wylie) turned part of the dragoman's house into a hospital for wounded Armenians. Bell-Davies says that by the time an armed party from Swiftsure arrived, Doughty-Wylie had again almost stopped the massacre single-handedly. Newspaper reports of the period record that Doughty-Wylie was shot in the arm while trying to prevent the Adana massacres.

Charles Hotham Montagu Doughty-Wylie was the recipient of the Order of the Medjidie from the Ottoman Government. He was awarded the Medjidie because of his work during the Balkan Wars when he served with the British Red Cross helping the Ottoman Military.

First World War
Doughty-Wylie was 46 years old, and a lieutenant colonel in The Royal Welch Fusiliers, British Army when, "owing to his great knowledge of things Turkish" according to Bell-Davies, he was attached to General Sir Ian Hamilton's headquarters staff of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force during the Gallipoli Campaign.

On 26 April 1915, following the landing at Cape Helles on the Gallipoli peninsula of the SS River Clyde, Lieutenant Colonel Doughty-Wylie and Captain Garth Neville Walford organised and made an attack through and on both sides of the village of Sedd-el-Bahr on the Old Fort at the top of the hill. The enemy's position was very strongly entrenched and defended, but mainly due to the initiative, skill and great gallantry of the two officers the attack was a complete success. However, both Doughty-Wylie and Walford were killed in the moment of victory, Doughty-Wylie being shot in the face by a sniper and died instantly.

Doughty-Wylie is buried close to where he was killed, immediately north of Sedd-el-Bahr, opposite the point at which the SS River Clyde came ashore. His grave is the only solitary British or Commonwealth war grave on the Gallipoli peninsula: The Turkish authorities moved the graves of all other foreign soldiers to the "V Beach" graves except for his.

His Victoria Cross, posthumously awarded for bravery during a beach landing at Gallipoli in April 1915, is displayed at the Royal Welsh Fusiliers Museum in Caernarfon Castle, Gwynedd, Wales. Damaged plating from the River Clyde can be seen in the Hampshire Regimental Museum in Winchester, England.

Personal life
Doughty-Wylie, a married man, had an unconsummated affair with Gertrude Bell with whom he exchanged love letters from 1913–1915 until his death. Bell was an eminent English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, and archaeologist who explored, mapped in the region of Syria, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, and Arabia. Doughty-Wylie was a member of the Naval and Military Club from 1900 until his death.

His wife, Lilian, was the only woman on the Allied side to visit Gallipoli during the campaign, when she went to lay a wreath on his grave on  17 November 1915.

Doughty-Wylie is commemorated outside St. Peter's Church in Theberton, Suffolk where his name is recorded on the war memorial. Inside the church he is depicted in a stained glass window as St. George. A road in the village is named Doughty-Wylie Crescent.

References

Bibliography
VCs of the First World War - Gallipoli (Stephen Snelling, 1995)

External links

Category:1868 births
Category:1915 deaths
Category:British Gallipoli Campaign recipients of the Victoria Cross
Category:Royal Welch Fusiliers officers
Category:British Army personnel of World War I
Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath
Category:Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Category:British military personnel killed in World War I
Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
Category:British military personnel of the Chitral Expedition
Category:British Army personnel of the Mahdist War
Category:British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
Category:British military personnel of the Third Somaliland Expedition
Category:Royal Navy personnel of the Boxer Rebellion
Category:People from Suffolk Coastal (district)
Category:Somaliland Camel Corps officers
Category:British diplomats
Category:British military personnel of the 1898 Occupation of Crete
Category:British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross
Category:People educated at Winchester College


Krnice, Hrastnik

Krnice () is a settlement in the Municipality of Hrastnik in central Slovenia. It lies in the hills above the left bank of the Sava River. Traditionally the area was part of the Styria region. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

References

External links
Krnice on Geopedia

Category:Populated places in the Municipality of Hrastnik


Shirin Bolagh, Chaypareh

Shirin Bolagh (, also Romanized as Shīrīn Bolāgh) is a village in Hajjilar-e Shomali Rural District, Hajjilar District, Chaypareh County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 591, in 101 families.

References

Category:Populated places in Chaypareh County


Strong perfect graph theorem

In graph theory, the strong perfect graph theorem is a forbidden graph characterization of the perfect graphs as being exactly the graphs that have neither odd holes (odd-length induced cycles) nor odd antiholes (complements of odd holes). It was conjectured by Claude Berge in 1961. A proof by Maria Chudnovsky, Neil Robertson, Paul Seymour, and Robin Thomas was announced in 2002 and published by them in 2006.

The proof of the strong perfect graph theorem won for its authors a $10,000 prize offered by Gérard Cornuéjols of Carnegie Mellon University and the 2009 Fulkerson Prize.

Theorem statement
A perfect graph is a graph in which, for every induced subgraph, the size of the maximum clique equals the minimum number of colors in a coloring of the graph; perfect graphs include many well-known graph classes including the bipartite graphs, chordal graphs, and comparability graphs. In his 1961 and 1963 works defining for the first time this class of graphs, Claude Berge observed that it is impossible for a perfect graph to contain an odd hole, an induced subgraph in the form of an odd-length cycle graph of length five or more, because odd holes have clique number two and chromatic number three. Similarly, he observed that perfect graphs cannot contain odd antiholes, induced subgraphs complementary to odd holes: an odd antihole with 2k + 1 vertices has clique number k and chromatic number k + 1, again impossible for a perfect graphs. The graphs having neither odd holes nor odd antiholes became known as the Berge graphs.

Berge conjectured that every Berge graph is perfect, or equivalently that the perfect graphs and the Berge graphs define the same class of graphs. This became known as the strong perfect graph conjecture, until its proof in 2002, when it was renamed the strong perfect graph theorem.

Relation to the weak perfect graph theorem
Another conjecture of Berge, proved in 1972 by László Lovász, is that the complement of every perfect graph is also perfect. This became known as the perfect graph theorem, or (to distinguish it from the strong perfect graph conjecture/theorem) the weak perfect graph theorem.  Because Berge's forbidden graph characterization is self-complementary, the weak perfect graph theorem follows immediately from the strong perfect graph theorem.

Proof ideas
The proof of the strong perfect graph theorem by Chudnovsky et al. follows an outline conjectured in 2001 by Conforti, Cornuéjols, Robertson, Seymour, and Thomas, according to which every Berge graph either forms one of five types of basic building block (special classes of perfect graphs) or it has one of four different types of structural decomposition into simpler graphs. A minimally imperfect Berge graph cannot have any of these decompositions, from which it follows that no counterexample to the theorem can exist. This idea was based on previous conjectured structural decompositions of similar type that would have implied the strong perfect graph conjecture but turned out to be false.

The five basic classes of perfect graphs that form the base case of this structural decomposition are the bipartite graphs, line graphs of bipartite graphs, complementary graphs of bipartite graphs, complements of line graphs of bipartite graphs, and double split graphs. It is easy to see that bipartite graphs are perfect: in any nontrivial induced subgraph, the clique number and chromatic number are both two and therefore both equal. The perfection of complements of bipartite graphs, and of complements of line graphs of bipartite graphs, are both equivalent to Kőnig's theorem relating the sizes of maximum matchings, maximum independent sets, and minimum vertex covers in bipartite graphs. The perfection of line graphs of bipartite graphs can be stated equivalently as the fact that bipartite graphs have chromatic index equal to their maximum degree, proven by . Thus, all four of these basic classes are perfect. The double split graphs are a relative of the split graphs that can also be shown to be perfect.

The four types of decompositions considered in this proof are 2-joins, complements of 2-joins, balanced skew partitions, and homogeneous pairs.

A 2-join is a partition of the vertices of a graph into two subsets, with the property that the edges spanning the cut between these two subsets form two vertex-disjoint complete bipartite graphs. When a graph has a 2-join, it may be decomposed into induced subgraphs called "blocks", by replacing one of the two subsets of vertices by a shortest path within that subset that connects one of the two complete bipartite graphs to the other; when no such path exists, the block is formed instead by replacing one of the two subsets of vertices by two vertices, one for each complete bipartite subgraph. A 2-join is perfect if and only if its two blocks are both perfect. Therefore, if a minimally imperfect graph has a 2-join, it must equal one of its blocks, from which it follows that it must be an odd cycle and not Berge. For the same reason, a minimally imperfect graph whose complement has a 2-join cannot be Berge.

A skew partition is a partition of a graph's vertices into two subsets, one of which induces a disconnected subgraph and the other of which has a disconnected complement;  had conjectured that no minimal counterexample to the strong perfect graph conjecture could have a skew partition. Chudnovsky et al. introduced some technical constraints on skew partitions, and were able to show that Chvátal's conjecture is true for the resulting "balanced skew partitions". The full conjecture is a corollary of the strong perfect graph theorem.

A homogeneous pair is related to a modular decomposition of a graph. It is a partition of the graph into three subsets V1,  V2, and  V3 such that V1 and V2 together contain at least three vertices, V3 contains at least two vertices, and for each vertex v in  V3 and each i in {1,2} either v is adjacent to all vertices in Vi or to none of them. It is not possible for a minimally imperfect graph to have a homogeneous pair. Subsequent to the proof of the strong perfect graph conjecture,  simplified it by showing that homogeneous pairs could be eliminated from the set of decompositions used in the proof.

The proof that every Berge graph falls into one of the five basic classes or has one of the four types of decomposition follows a case analysis, according to whether certain configurations exist within the graph: a "stretcher", a subgraph that can be decomposed into three induced paths subject to certain additional constraints, the complement of a stretcher, and a "proper wheel", a configuration related to a wheel graph, consisting of an induced cycle together with a hub vertex adjacent to at least three cycle vertices and obeying several additional constraints. For each possible choice of whether a stretcher or its complement or a proper wheel exists within the given Berge graph, the graph can be shown to be in one of the basic classes or to be decomposable. This case analysis completes the proof.

Notes

References
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External links
The Strong Perfect Graph Theorem, Václav Chvátal

Category:Perfect graphs
Category:Theorems in graph theory


Carpacoce

Carpacoce is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. All species are endemic to the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa.

Species
Carpacoce burchellii Puff
Carpacoce curvifolia Puff
Carpacoce gigantea Puff (apparently extinct)
Carpacoce heteromorpha (H.Buek) Bolus
Carpacoce scabra (Thunb.) Sond.
Carpacoce scabra subsp. rupestris Puff
Carpacoce scabra subsp. scabra
Carpacoce spermacocea (Rchb. ex Spreng.) Sond.
Carpacoce spermacocea subsp. orientalis Puff
Carpacoce spermacocea subsp. spermacocea
Carpacoce vaginellata Salter

References

External links
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Carpacoce

Category:Rubiaceae genera
Category:Rubioideae
Category:Flora of the Cape Provinces


Matt Dearborn

Matthew "Matt" Dearborn is an American television producer, writer and director.

Career
Dearborn has written over 100 produced episodes of television, including, Beverly Hills, 90210, Eerie, Indiana, Parker Lewis Can't Lose, The Secret World of Alex Mack, Sliders, Phil of the Future and Even Stevens which he created. In 2008, he and Tom Burkhard created the series Zeke and Luther for Disney XD. On a dare from a friend, Dearborn auditioned for a recurring part on the short-lived series TV 101. He got the part, and also ended up writing 3 episodes for the series.

For creating Even Stevens, Dearborn received 3 consecutive Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Children's series. In 2001, Even Stevens won the BAFTA Award for Outstanding International Children's series.

He graduated from California State University, Sacramento in 1982 majoring in Communication Studies.

References

External links

Category:American television directors
Category:Television producers from California
Category:American television writers
Category:Male television writers
Category:Living people
Category:People from San Anselmo, California
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Screenwriters from California


Grafham railway station

Grafham railway station was a railway station in Grafham, Cambridgeshire. The station and its line closed in 1959.

In the 1990s the railway station buildings still stood and were lived in. The area around the old platform (known in the village as 'the scrapyard') had been used to dispose of old machinery and other debris as can be seen in the background of the view in 1995. The platform itself was still clearly visible. Since then the site was cleared, buildings demolished, and a row of new houses built on the land.

References

External links
 Grafham station on navigable 1946 O. S. map

Category:Disused railway stations in Cambridgeshire
Category:Former Midland Railway stations
Category:Railway stations opened in 1866
Category:Railway stations closed in 1959
Category:1866 establishments in England


Anna of Byzantium (novel)

Anna of Byzantium is a historical novel by Tracy Barrett originally published in 1998.  The novel tells the story of Anna Komnene, the daughter of Alexios I Komnenos.

Plot summary
Born a princess of the Byzantine Empire, Anna is the eldest child of Emperor Alexius of the Byzantine Empire and his wife, Irene Ducaena.  With only one younger sister, Maria, Anna is her father's chosen successor and she is certain she will inherit the throne upon Alexius' death alongside her betrothed, Constantine Ducas.  The emperor's mother and Anna's namesake, Anna Dalassena, is Alexius' most trusted adviser and strongly opposes Irene out of hatred towards the Ducas family for their intrigues.  Under her manipulative grandmother, Anna learns statecraft and diplomacy, and Anna excels at all her lessons, becoming a brilliant scholar, and beginning a manuscript that will detail her father's reign.

When Anna is five, Irene gives birth to a son, John Porphygenitus.  While "barbarians" from foreign lands believe only a son should ascend to power, Anna is dismissive of their attitudes, as are Alexius and Anna Dalassena.  However, as Anna matures into a young woman, her grandmother feels threatened by Anna's arrogance and intelligence, realizing that Anna will not be anyone's puppet.  Her grandmother moves swiftly to support John as Alexius' successor, devastating Anna as she sees her dreams of power being taken away and given to her brother.  Bitter at her grandmother's betrayal, Anna continues to assert she is the true heir to the throne and waits to avenge herself.

Anna's engagement to Constantine Ducas is broken and she is married off to an older general, Nicephorus Bryennius.  As the throne begins to grow further from her reach, Anna pours all her energy into her manuscript.  When Alexius dies, John is recognized as the new emperor.   Moving to seize what is rightfully hers, Anna conspires with Irene, who remains deeply opposed to Anna Dalassena, to depose John by poisoning him and to install Anna as empress.  Anna is furious to find her tutor, Simon, has revealed the conspiracy to John and Anna Dalassena.  Out of leniency for his sister and mother, both Anna and Irene are banished to separate convents, never to contact one another, despite Anna Dalassena's demands that both be put to death as examples to the Ducas family.  When Anna Dalassena protests that John would not have gotten the throne without her influence, John thanks her for obtaining the throne for him before informing her that he no longer needs her.  His words effectively dismiss Anna Dalassena from court, leaving Anna Comnena secretly impressed that her brother will not be a puppet of their grandmother.

While she is refused most luxuries at the convent, Anna manages to bring her manuscript, which she has named the Alexiad.  Though she reluctantly admits that her brother has demonstrated himself to be a capable ruler thus far, she resolves to finish the Alexiad without mentioning her brother and be remembered for what she accomplished as a scholar.

References

Category:1999 American novels
Category:Novels set in the Byzantine Empire
Category:Novels set in the 12th century
Category:American historical novels


Atlante

Atlante  may refer to:
 Atlas (mythology)
 Atlas (architecture), a column in the shape of a man
 Atlante San Alejo, a Salvadoran football club
 Atlante F.C., a Mexican football club
 Atlante (private equity fund)
 Atlante-class tugboat

 Atlantes may refer to:
Atlantes (sorcerer), a fictional character in various chansons de geste and in the poem Orlando furioso

See also
 Atalante (disambiguation)
 Atlant (disambiguation)
 Atlanta (disambiguation)
 Atlantean (disambiguation)


Growing Pains: Return of the Seavers

Growing Pains: Return of the Seavers (also known as Growing Pains II: Home Equity) is a 2004 American made-for-television comedy film and is the second (and to date, last) reunion film of the modern-day Seaver family from the 1985–1992 sitcom Growing Pains. It was filmed in New Orleans, LA, and originally aired on ABC October 16, 2004.

Plot
The Seaver kids have left the nest and have children of their own. Mike, Carol, and Chrissy have no place to go when Kate is at a spa, Scott is out on a campaign, and Chrissy claims to have gotten evicted. Jason and Maggie plan to sell their house to a childhood friend of Mike and Carol's named Richie Flanscopper. Acting as the realtor, Ben is dead set on selling the house, but the rest of the Seaver kids object. Mike and Carol (who is pregnant) take matters into their own hands and sabotage the house so their little brother can't sell it to Richie and his wife Fiona. Meanwhile, Mike's oldest child, Michelle, is sad about her dad going to Tokyo for a job promotion. In the end, Ben realizes that his siblings and parents don't want to sell the house, so he makes the house unsellable by driving Mike's car through the garage door. The Seavers rejoice, until Carol goes into labor. Carol gives birth to a son, named Seaver Malone Johnson.

Cast
 Alan Thicke as Jason Seaver
 Joanna Kerns as Maggie Malone Seaver
 Kirk Cameron as Mike Seaver
 Tracey Gold as Carol Seaver
 Jeremy Miller as Ben Seaver
 Ashley Johnson as Chrissy Seaver
 Chelsea Noble as Kate Seaver
 Evan Arnold as Richie Flanscopper
 Johnny Alonso as Mickey
 Brittany Robertson as Michelle Seaver
 Justin DuBose as Robbie Seaver
 Kelly Collins Lintz as Fiona Dillanbeck Flanscopper
 Billy Slaughter as Costco Clerk

References

External links

 Growing Pains: Return of the Seavers at Fandango.com
 Growing Pains: Return of the Seavers at TV Guide

Category:2004 television films
Category:2000s comedy films
Category:American television films
Category:American films
Category:American sequel films
Category:American comedy films
Category:Television series reunion films
Category:Television sequel films
Category:Films shot in New Orleans
Category:Films based on television series
Return of the Seavers
Category:Television films based on television series


CFA International Cat Show

The CFA International Cat Show is a cat show hosted by the Cat Fanciers' Association. The Cat Fanciers' Association was founded in 1906 after it separated from the American Cat Association.

The CFA International Cat Show has been held on an annual basis since 1994 with the exceptions of 2007 and 2010. Considered the Rolls-Royce of international cat shows, it is the largest show of its type in the US. Atlanta, Georgia and Houston, Texas have each hosted the event a record four times. Males or neutered males have won the "Best in Show" fifteen of the twenty-four times the show has been held. The Persian cat breed has won "Best in Show" sixteen of the past twenty-four shows.  The show was renamed the CFA-Royal Canin World Championship in 2012. Dr. Elsey's Precious Cat Litter became lead sponsor in 2013. In 2015 it returned to using the "CFA International Show" name.

Competition
In 2019, the show was held on October 12–13 in Cleveland, Ohio. The show was traditionally held the weekend before Thanksgiving in November in the United States. At each show, there are twelve to sixteen specialty judging rings, which are for both long-haired and shorthaired cat breeds, including kittens, Championship cat (non-spayed or neutered pedigree cats over eight months old), and Premiership cat (spayed or neutered pedigreed cats over eight months old). Day one of the show is preliminaries for best in breed such as Persian, Maine Coon, and Tonkinese. The second and final day of the competition shows the best in each cat breed in all three categories mentioned then compete for the best in each category overall, then for "Best in Show", which the overall winner of the competition. Top five winners in each category and overall are presented.

Charity
Proceeds from the show go to the Winn Feline Foundation. Since 1968, the foundation has raised over $2 million with the entire amount going to cat health research.

Foundation
CFA  Foundation was created on June 22, 1990  the original idea to having a foundation was to educate people on cat history, but has since turned into a museum, Feline Historical Museum, with a complete library full of more than 1,400 books about all things cat related

List of Best in Shows

Official Sites
CFA International Show website
 CFA Facebook page
CFA International Show Informational website for exhibitors

See also
Supreme Cat Show

References

Category:Cat shows and showing
Category:Recurring events established in 1994
Category:Awards to animals


Maja Stogut

Maja Stogut is a sharp mountain in the crest of the Prokletije mountain range in Albania in the south of the Dinaric Alps, about 4.5 km southeast of the village Nikç. Maja Stogut is known in the area for its high limestone pillar which rises to 2,246m above mean sea level.

References

External links
Summitpost, Maja a Stogut

Category:Mountains of Albania
Category:Prokletije


Shadow Hearts (album)

Shadow Hearts is a third studio album by a German metalcore band Caliban.

Track listing

Category:2003 albums
Category:Caliban (band) albums


Aegomorphus peninsularis

Aegomorphus peninsularis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Horn in 1880.

References

Category:Acanthoderini
Category:Beetles described in 1880


Wen Xiao Zheng

Wen Xiao Zheng (; born 1981) is a Chinese violist born in Shanghai and he studied at the Reina Sofía School of Music in Madrid .
He is the second prize-winner at the 2008 ARD International Music Competition in Munich, Germany.

References

Category:1981 births
Category:Living people
Category:Chinese classical violists
Category:Musicians from Shanghai


Mid-Cities Junior Stars

The Mid-Cities Jr. Stars are a  USA Hockey-sanctioned Tier III Junior ice hockey team playing in the North American 3 Hockey League (NA3HL). The team plays their home games at Dr. Pepper StarCenter in Euless, Texas.

History
Established in 2013 as the Dallas Jr. Stars, the club entered the league to form a South Division along with the Topeka Capitals and Sugar Land Imperials. After a second place finish in their inaugural regular season, the Jr. Stars (16–22–2) went on a playoff run that ended in the Silver Cup Finals. A first round series sweep against third place Sugar Land Imperials earned a spot in the division finals against Topeka Capitals. The Stars eliminated Topeka, who finished the regular season 33 points ahead of Dallas, to advance into the 2014 NA3HL Silver Cup Finals. Dallas lost all three round robin games to close their first season.

In the summer of 2015, the team announced an affiliation agreement with the Coulee Region Chill of the North American Hockey League. Shortly after the affiliation, the team was purchased by KWM Kids, Inc. led by Michelle Bryant of La Crosse, Wisconsin, and owner of the Chill. As part of the new purchase the team became  the Euless Jr. Stars.

In 2017, the team was once again sold. The new owners were Brass Roots Hockey, LLC. led by Brad Allen who announced a new head coach in Tom Train and hired Tony Curtale as an advisor. The team was then re-branded as the Mid-Cities Jr. Stars for the 2017–18 season.

Season-by-season records

Alumni
The Jr. Stars have had a number of alumni move on to collegiate programs, higher levels of junior ice hockey in the United States and Canada.

References

External links
 Jr. Stars website
 NA3HL website

Category:Ice hockey teams in Texas
Category:Ice hockey teams in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex
Category:2013 establishments in Texas
Category:Ice hockey clubs established in 2013
Category:Euless, Texas


Charlotte Eckerman

Beata Charlotta "Charlotte" Eckerman (1759 – 16 January 1790 in Stockholm), was a Swedish opera singer and actress. She was also a very well known courtesan during the Gustavian era, and the official royal mistress of Charles XIII of Sweden from 1779 to 1781.

Life

Charlotte Eckerman was the daughter of Bengt Edvard Eckerman, cavalry captain of the Royal Scanian Husars, and the writer Catharina Ahlgren.  Her father was the cousin of Carl Fredrik Ekerman, speaker of the burghers in the Swedish parliament, and her mother was at one point the kammarfru of the queen, Louisa Ulrika of Prussia.

In the custody of her father after her parents divorce, she was described as more or less an orphan.  She had two brothers and a sister, as well as several halfsiblings by her fathers second marriage and by her mother. She and her sister did not get along with their stepmother, and appears to have moved from home early on.
Her sister Julie Eckerman (1765–1801) was also a courtesan and the mistress of nobleman count Carl Sparre, governor of Stockholm.

Opera singer
Charlotta Eckerman was engaged at the Stenborg Company in 1774, and as a singer at the Royal Swedish Opera in Bollhuset in Stockholm in 1776-81.

In 1774, she and several other actors of the Stenborg Company was called to Gripsholm Castle by Gustav III, who had recently created the Swedish Royal Opera and was in search of talent.  The king discovered that she had a talent for drama, and gave the courtier Maria Aurora Uggla, the star of the nobility's amateur theatre at the royal court, the task to instruct her in the part of Mechtild in the opera Birger jarl by Gyllenborg and Adlerbeth, after the part had been refused by Elisabeth Olin.    Charlotte Eckerman made a great success in the part at the Royal Opera in Stockholm, and was called in by the audience: Prince Charles started to shout "Miss Uggla! Miss Uggla!", after which the audience applauded also Maria Aurora Uggla in her box as well as the author Gyllenborg for having instructed Eckerman in the part.

Eckerman was given a contract as a singer at the opera in 1776, and was active there until 1781, during which she was "an adored actress and singer". After having been judged as unfit for the ballet, she was given a place in the choir.  Though her voice was weak, she was described as beautiful and vivid.  While described as failed dancer and a mediocre singer, she was considered a well capable actress.

Charlotte Eckerman was, alongside Ulrica Rosenlund, much recommended for her dramatic talent and belonged to the members of staff in the first national Opera, who proved their talent not only as singers, but also as actors in talking parts, the theatrical performances that were sometimes given at the opera before the opening of the royal theatre in 1788.

Royal mistress
Charlotta Eckerman was from 1774 active as a courtesan.  In 1779, she was made the official mistress of the king's brother duke Charles, the future Charles XIII of Sweden.     Rumour claimed that Charles took Eckerman as a mistress upon the advice of his brother, Prince Frederick Adolf of Sweden, who thought it more polite to Charle's consort than his first choice; countess Maria Sophia Rosenstierna, who was the courtier of his consort.    Duke Charles had, in any case, a more unofficial relationship with the ballerina Charlotte Slottsberg, who was however not given any official recognition. The relationship between Charles and Eckerman caused a scandal because of sympathy toward the consort of Charles, Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, who was very popular.     Duke Charles tried to influence king Gustav III to take an official mistress, and Eckerman suggested the French adventurer Madame Monzouve (or de Monzouvre), but the plot does not seem to have succeeded.

In 1781, Charles ended the connection. It was rumoured that the relationship ended because of the scandal, but in reality, it was more likely because Charles regarded it as necessary after having become inducted into the Freemasons.    However, this does not seem to be correct, as Charles soon entered into another love affair with Françoise-Éléonore Villain.

In 1781, Eckerman became involved in a conflict with the king, Gustav III of Sweden. Eckerman was disliked by the king, as it was said, because she did not admire him and because she had a talent for caricaturing the current ideals.    When her affair with the king's brother ended and she could no longer count on his protection, the king arranged for her dismissal from the Opera and had her banished from Drottningholm.    Furthermore, he ordered Baron Carl Sparre, the governor of the city of Stockholm, to have her arrested and sent to the Långholmens spinnhus.    As a reason, he claimed that she had given birth to a child and murdered it in secrecy, and that she had taken part in the spreading of rumours regarding the legitimacy of the heir to the throne.    There were at the time many rumors that the crown prince was fathered by the stable master Count Adolf Fredrik Munck af Fulkila on the orders of the king, rumors which were spread by the king's own mother, Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, and increased when Munck were given gifts by the king and the queen. Sparre, who was the lover of Eckerman's sister Julie, was aware of the king's dislike of Eckerman. Sparre investigated the accusations and could find nothing to indicate that she had committed child murder.     Charlotte Eckerman denied the accusation that she was to have spread rumours regarding the crown prince's legitimacy, and claimed that it was the king's page, Georg Johan De Besche as the guilty party.    De Besche was to have said, that the gift the queen had given to Munck was well worthy of the birth of an heir to the throne.

Sparre refused to arrest her, and pointed out that it was against Swedish law for a monarch to threaten the freedom of a citizen without a legal verdict from a court. The whole affair ended in silence. Eckerman was not sent to jail, and the king did not mention it further. Eckerman left the country shortly afterward, possibly banished by the monarch.

Later life
Charlotte Eckerman later lived in Paris in France, where she worked as a courtesan under the name Madame Ahlgren.  During this period, she was portrayed by the famous artist Adolf Ulrik Wertmüller: the painting was likely ordered by her then admirer Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt.

In 1784, Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt arranged a meeting with Gustav III during his official visit to France, during which she was reconciled with the monarch and allowed to return to Sweden.
Durin these years, she made a journey through Italy, which was unusual for a single woman in this period.

She returned to Sweden in 1786.  Charlotte Eckerman now became active as a spy. She received an allowance from the authorities in exchange for spying on the foreign ambassadors stationed in Stockholm in her capacity of a courtesan.    At the time of her death, she was the mistress of the Dutch ambassador to Sweden, baron van der Bork.

She died while being magnetized by Anders Sparrman.

Fiction
Charlotta Eckerman is portrayed as the main protagonist in the novel Kurtisanen (The Courtesan) by Anna Laestadius Larsson (2019).

See also
 Charlotte Slottsberg
 Sophie Hagman
 Maria Kristina Kiellström

Notes

References
 Nordisk familjebok / Uggleupplagan. 6. Degeberg - Egyptolog
 Svensk Uppslagsbok. 1947 års utgåva. (Swedish Dictionary. 1947 edition)
 Kjellberg, Bertil, Beijer, Agne & Andersson, Ingvar (red.), Gustavianskt: [1771-1810], Wahlström & Widstrand, Stockholm, 1945

 Bohman, Nils & Dahl, Torsten (red.), Svenska män och kvinnor: biografisk uppslagsbok, Bonnier, Stockholm, 1942-1955

 Grimberg, Carl, Svenska folkets underbara öden. 7, 1756-1792, Stockholm, 1961

Category:1759 births
Category:1790 deaths
Category:18th-century Swedish actresses
Category:Swedish female singers
Category:Mistresses of Swedish royalty
Category:Swedish courtesans
Category:Swedish spies
Category:18th-century spies
Category:18th-century Swedish opera singers
Category:Gustavian era people


East Side Review

The East Side Review is an American, English language newspaper headquartered in St. Paul, Minnesota. It is the only neighborhood-focused, general-interest weekly newspaper in either Minneapolis or St. Paul.

Coverage
With a circulation of 20,000, the East Side Review reports on the entire East Side area, all 28 neighborhoods and 90,000 residents in St. Paul located east of Interstate Highway 35E.

Published also online, the free weekly newspaper is the only urban newspaper published by Lillie Suburban Newspapers, a third-generation publisher of 10 other suburban weeklies based out of North Saint Paul. Staff at the East Side Review have gone on to write and photograph for publications as prestigious as Life Magazine and The New York Times.

Neighborhoods covered include:

Arlington Heights
Battle Creek
Beaver Lake
Conway
Dayton's Bluff
Duluth-Case
Frost Lake
East Phalen
Eastview
Hayden Heights
Hazel Park
Highwood
Hillcrest
Lafayette Park
Lincoln Park
Mounds Park
Parkway
Payne-Arcade
Phalen Heights
Phalen Village/Ames Lake
Pig's Eye
Prosperity
Railroad Island
Rivoli Bluff
Upper Swede Hollow
Vento
Wheelock Park
Williams Hill

References

{{Minnesota newspapers}

Category:Newspapers published in Minnesota
Category:Media in Minneapolis–Saint Paul


Panegyra cosmophora

Panegyra cosmophora is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Madagascar.

References

Category:Moths described in 1960
Category:Tortricini
Category:Moths of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Alexey Diakonoff


Frederick H. Wagman

Frederick Herbert Wagman (October 12, 1912 – November 30, 1994) was an American librarian and President of the American Library Association from 1963 to 1964.

Wagman was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He graduated from Amherst College in 1933 before attending Columbia University where he earned both master's and a doctorate degree in 1934 and 1942 respectively. While studying for his doctorate, he taught at the University of Minnesota. In 1945, Wagman joined the Library of Congress as Acting Director of Personnel and of Administrative Services. He served in several roles at the Library of Congress before leaving to be Director of the University of Michigan Library and a professor of Library Science in 1953. He retired from the University in 1982.

Wagman also served on the President's Commission on Obscenity and Pornography, a Commission that the United States Congress funded and was set up by President Lyndon B. Johnson to study pornography in 1969.

References

Category:1912 births
Category:1994 deaths
Category:American librarians
Category:Presidents of the American Library Association
Category:University of Michigan faculty
Category:Librarians at the Library of Congress


Jaczniki

Jaczniki  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipsk, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. It lies approximately  east of Lipsk,  east of Augustów, and  north of the regional capital Białystok.

References

Jaczniki


Hall XP2H

The Hall XP2H-1 was an American prototype four-engined biplane flying boat of the 1930s.  Intended as an experimental very-long-range maritime patrol aircraft, a single example was built. The XP2H-1 was the largest four engine biplane aircraft ever procured by the US Navy.

Development and design

In 1930, the United States Navy ordered a single example of a large flying boat from the Hall-Aluminum Aircraft Corporation, to meet a requirement for an experimental very-long-range patrol aircraft.  The resulting design was designated XP2H-1 and was a four-engined biplane. It had an all-aluminum hull, a scaled-up version of that used in Hall's smaller PH flying boat, which accommodated a crew of six.  The wings were of fabric-skinned aluminum construction and were of trapezoidal shape.  The engines, Curtiss V-1570 Conquerors were mounted in tandem push-pull pairs between the wings.

The XP2H-1 first flew on November 15, 1932, and was extensively tested, demonstrating excellent performance, being 11 mph (18 km/h) faster than predicted. It was possible to cruise on just two engines to extend range, and in 1935, the XP2H-1 was used to carry out a nonstop flight between Norfolk, Virginia and Coco Solo, Panama Canal Zone. The XP2H-1 took 25 hours and 15 minutes to fly the 2,000 miles (3,200 km) distance between these two locations.  It was destroyed later in the year attempting a landing in open water.  No further P2Hs were built, with the US Navy equipping its patrol squadrons with smaller flying boats such as the Consolidated P2Y.

Operators

United States Navy

Specifications

See also

References

 "For Long Range Patrol". Flight, 24 January 1935. p. 94.
"A Long Distance Flight" Flight, 21 February 1935, p. 195.
 Boyne, Walter J. "The Flying Hallmarks: The Hall Aluminium Classics". The Best of Wings Magazine. Washington, DC:Brasseys, 2001. . pp. 52–61.
 Loftin, Laurence K. Quest for Performance:The Evolution of Modern Aircraft,SP-468. Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, History Office, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.
 Wegg, John. General Dynamic Aircraft and their Predecessors. London:Putnam, 1990. .

Category:Flying boats
Category:1930s United States patrol aircraft
Category:Four-engined push-pull aircraft
P2H
Category:Biplanes
Category:Aircraft first flown in 1932