Poinciana, Florida

Poinciana is a settlement and census-designated place (CDP) in Osceola and Polk counties in the U.S. state of Florida. It lies southwest of Kissimmee and approximately  east of Haines City. As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP had a population of 53,193.

As of April 2012 the population of the 9 villages which make up the Association of Poinciana Villages (APV), which covers a wider area than the CDP, was reported as 69,857. According to the latest census reports the adjoining tracts outside the CDP represent an additional 29,914 persons. Depending on the definition, the greater Poinciana Area represents a population of between 53,193 and 83,107. This puts Poinciana as one of the fastest growth areas for Central Florida over the past decade.

Transportation
U.S. Highway 17/92 (here part of the Orange Blossom Trail) runs through the north of Poinciana.  The Poinciana Parkway (State Road 538), a toll road to connect Poinciana more directly to Interstate 4, was opened on April 30, 2016.

Poinciana is the southern terminus of the SunRail system. SunRail's Poinciana station is located in the north of Poinciana near the intersection of Orange Blossom Trail (aka U.S. Highway 17/92) and Poinciana Boulevard, and opened on July 30, 2018.  Local bus service is provided from central areas of Poinciana to Kissimmee and Haines City by the Lynx network.

Geography
Poinciana is located at  (28.155768, -81.476502).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 0.68%, is water.

Subdivisions
Poinciana was planned as a Planned Unit Development (PUD). Most of the PUD was developed in 10 Villages with each being their own sub association and corporation duly recorded with the State of Florida Corporation, which form the Association of Poinciana Villages (APV) Master Association. Four of the villages are in Osceola County (Village 1 with Cypress Woods and Stepping Stone, Villages 2, 5 and Village 9 (Broadmoor - mobile home park) and six Villages 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8) are in Polk County.  Located on approximately 47,000 acres (190 km²), the sub-villages are their own association under a deed-restricted community, governed by a Master homeowner association, the APV. Solivita is no longer under the APV Master Association (Village 10), it was removed by the APV Executive Committee on November 2, 2011 one of the Villages within Polk County, it is a 55+ gated community. and comprises two Community Development Districts, Poinciana CDD and Poinciana West CDD.

Neighbor subdivisions such as Waterford, Little Creek, Brighton Lakes, Oak Hammock Preserve, Crescent Lakes, Trafalgar, Doral, Isles of Bellalago, Cypress Cove, Deerwood, Wilderness, Bellalago, etc. are outside the CDP. Many of these subdivisions were defined in the original Poinciana boundary PUD but some were later developed as separate communities outside the APV.

History
Poinciana was planned in the 1960s. The original developer was Gulf American Corporation. Poinciana was conceived as a retirement destination, and the first homes were built in 1973 around the Poinciana Golf and Racquet Club. Since the mid-1980s the developer has been AV Homes (formerly Avatar Holdings).  By 1994 the population had only risen to about 8,000, but since then growth has been rapid. By June 7, 2018 Taylor Morrison Homes, Inc announces its agreement to Acquire AV Homes, Inc at $21.90 per share.

Notable person

Pro wrestler Rikishi resides in Poinciana. As well as Pro wrestler Big Vito LoGrasso

Demographics

As of the census of 2010 there were 53,193 residing in the CDP. The racial makeup of the CDP was 22.6% White non-Hispanic, 21.3% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.20% Pacific Islander, 0.7% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 51.2% of the population.

In addition there were 29,914 residing in the non-CDP neighborhoods. Poinciana is 35.8% Puerto Rican and is considered a "Little Puerto Rico" in Florida.

For census 2000 there were 4,153 households out of which 50.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.5% were married couples living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.2% were non-families. 10.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.29 and the average family size was 3.49. This information will be updated for census 2010 when it becomes available.

In the 2010 Census CDP the population was spread out with 29.27% under the age of 18, and 70.73% age 18 and over. The non CDP population was 27.4% under age of 18 and 72.6% over.

In 2000 the median income for a household in the CDP was $37,172, and the median income for a family was $37,688. Males had a median income of $26,860 versus $20,934 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,590. About 12.0% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.9% of those under age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over. Likewise, 2010 income information will be updated when it become available.

Education
 Osceola County
 Pre-Kindergarten Schools
 Liberty High School (Pre-K)
 Poinciana 247 Pre-K & V.P.K. (Private School)
 Poinciana Christian Preparatory School (K-12) (Private School)
 Reedy Creek Elementary (Pre-K)
 Elementary Schools
 Bellalago Academy (K-8) (District managed charter school)
 Renaissance Charter School at Poinciana (K-8)
 Chestnut Elementary (CES)
 Deerwood Elementary (DWE)
 Koa Elementary
 Poinciana Academy Of Fine Arts (PAFA)
 Reedy Creek Elementary (RCES)
 Mater Brighton Lakes Academy
 Middle Schools
 Bellalago Academy
 Discovery Intermediate (DIS)
 Horizon Middle (HMS)
 Mater Brighton Lakes Academy (MBLA)
 High Schools
 Poinciana High (PHS)
 New Dimensions (NDHS) (public charter high school)
 Liberty High (LHS):
 Polk County
 Elementary Schools
 Palmetto Elementary (pre Kindergarten-4th grade)
 Laurel Elementary (Up to 4th grade)
 Middle Schools
 Lake Marion Creek Middle School (5-8) (LMC)
 Post-secondary Schools
 Valencia College (Beginning Fall 2017)

Libraries
 School District of Osceola County
 Polk County Public Schools
 Poinciana Branch Library - Osceola library system

See also
 Greater Orlando

References

External links
 Poinciana Florida
 Association of Poinciana Village
 Poinciana Pioneer

Category:Census-designated places in Osceola County, Florida
Category:Census-designated places in Polk County, Florida
Category:Cities in the Greater Orlando
Category:Census-designated places in Florida


Golden Moments (album)

Golden Moments is a compilation album by American recording artist Jill Scott, released June 16, 2015 on Hidden Beach Recordings. The album comprised Scott's best songs from her four albums with Hidden Beach Recordings. The album omits Scott's singles: "Love Rain", "Lovely Day" and "Whenever You're Around".

Track listing

Category:2015 compilation albums
Category:Jill Scott compilation albums


Dottie Pepper

Dottie Pepper (born August 17, 1965) is an American professional golfer and television golf broadcaster. From 1988 to 1995 she competed as Dottie Mochrie, which was her married name before a divorce. She won two major championships and 17 LPGA Tour events in all.

Amateur career
Pepper was born in Saratoga Springs, New York; her father, Don, was a major league baseball player, who appeared on the cover of Sports Illustrated as a "rookie to watch", along with Hall of Famer Johnny Bench, in 1968. Her career began with big amateur victories in her home state of New York. She won the 1981 state amateur and the 1981 and 1983 New York Junior Amateur titles. She was a member of the 1981 Junior World Cup team and low amateur at the 1984 U.S. Women's Open. She attended Furman University, where she earned five collegiate victories and was named All-American three times.

Professional career
She joined the LPGA Tour in 1988 and won 17 official events on the Tour, including two major championships: the 1992 and 1999 Nabisco Dinah Shores. Her 19-under-par finish in the 1999 victory still stands as the lowest score in relation to par in a major championship. She topped the money list in 1992 and finished in the top ten in ten of eleven seasons between 1991 and 2001. Pepper also played for the United States in the Solheim Cup six times.

Due to injury problems, Pepper played only one tournament in 2002. In July 2004 she announced that she would retire at the end of the season. In 2005, she began work as a golf commentator for NBC and The Golf Channel, reporting on both men's and women's events.

During the 2007 Solheim Cup, Pepper caused some stir while working as commentator for the Golf Channel. She called the American team "choking freaking dogs". Pepper thought the network had cut to commercial when the comment was uttered, but it was actually still broadcasting live. Some players and fans were upset by this and Pepper quickly apologized for her "poor choice of words".

In July 2012 Pepper was named by captain Meg Mallon as one of two assistant captains for the U.S. Team at the 2013 Solheim Cup.

Pepper retired from commentating in December 2012, tired of the traveling and wanting to spend more time promoting junior golf as a PGA of America board member. In May 2013, she signed a contract with ESPN to return to commentating on a limited basis, working mainly major tournaments on the PGA, LPGA and Champions Tours.  In October 2015, Pepper was signed to a contract with CBS, replacing David Feherty who had left the network to work for NBC and to continue his Feherty series on the Golf Channel. She will take up Feherty's role as on-course reporter as well as do occasional tower announcing.

Personal life
Pepper resides in Saratoga Springs, New York with her third husband, golf writer and historian David Normoyle. They were married in May 2010.

Professional wins

LPGA Tour wins (17)

LPGA Tour playoff record (3–5)

LPGA majors are shown in bold.

Futures Tour wins
1985 Albany-Colonie Chamber Open (as an amateur)

LPGA of Japan Tour wins
1989 Karuizawa 72 Tokyu Ladies Open

Other wins
1992 JCPenney Classic (with Dan Forsman), Wendy's 3-Tour Challenge (with Patty Sheehan and Nancy Lopez)
1995 JCPenney/LPGA Skins Game
1996 Diners Club Matches (with Juli Inkster)
1997 Diners Club Matches (with Juli Inkster)
1999 Gillette Tour Challenge Championship (with Graham Marsh and Tom Watson), Diners Club Matches (with Juli Inkster)
2000 Hyundai Team Matches (with Juli Inkster)
2001 Wendy's 3-Tour Challenge (with Annika Sörenstam and Karrie Webb)

Major championships

Wins (2)

1 Defeated Inkster with par on first extra hole.

Results timeline

^ The Women's British Open replaced the du Maurier Classic as an LPGA major in 2001.

CUT = missed the half-way cut
WD = withdrew
"T" = tied

Summary
Starts – 65
Wins – 2
2nd-place finishes – 3
3rd-place finishes – 3
Top 3 finishes – 8
Top 5 finishes – 12
Top 10 finishes – 17
Top 25 finishes – 41
Missed cuts – 3
Most consecutive cuts made – 38
Longest streak of top-10s – 5

Team appearances
Amateur
Curtis Cup (representing the United States): 1986

Professional
Solheim Cup (representing the United States): 1990 (winners), 1992, 1994 (winners), 1996 (winners), 1998 (winners), 2000

Solheim Cup record

See also
List of golfers with most LPGA Tour wins

References

External links

Dottie Pepper bio
Dottie Pepper - PepperPro Eyes

Category:American female golfers
Category:Furman Paladins women's golfers
Category:LPGA Tour golfers
Category:Winners of LPGA major golf championships
Category:Solheim Cup competitors for the United States
Category:Golf writers and broadcasters
Category:Golfers from New York (state)
Category:Golfers from Florida
Category:Women sports announcers
Category:Sportspeople from Saratoga Springs, New York
Category:Sportspeople from Orlando, Florida
Category:1965 births
Category:Living people


Muviro

Muviro, chief of the Waziri, is a character in the Tarzan saga created by Edgar Rice Burroughs.

Character
Muviro is depicted as a somewhat elderly warrior of the Waziri, wise, brave and respected, and a good friend of Tarzan. He serves as the sub-chief of the tribe under Tarzan. He has two known relatives; Wasimbu, a son, and Buira, a daughter.

In the Tarzan novels
The character of Muviro emerges gradually in the novels, with the exact point at which he first appears in the saga somewhat debatable. The Waziri tribe itself first appears in The Return of Tarzan, the second book, and while Muviro is not named in that novel, he can be presumed to be among the numerous anonymous warriors mentioned. The first actual reference to him may occur in The Son of Tarzan, the fourth book, in which a "Muviri" appears as a minor character, stated to be a follower of Tarzan who had known him in "the old days." The first unambiguous occurrence of the name Muviro is in Tarzan the Untamed, the seventh book, in which he is mentioned as the father of Wasimbu, a Waziri warrior crucified by the Germans during their World War I destruction of Tarzan's African estate. Muviro's earliest appearance in person (at least under that name) is in Tarzan and the Golden Lion, the ninth book, as one of the members of the tribe welcoming Tarzan's family back to the estate at the end of the war.

Subsequent appearances include book 12, Tarzan and the Lost Empire, the first book to give his title as sub-chief, book 13, Tarzan at the Earth's Core, in which he and some of his warriors accompany the Ape Man to the subterranean realm of Pellucidar, book 14, Tarzan the Invincible, book 15, Tarzan Triumphant, book 19, Tarzan's Quest, in which his search for his lost daughter Buira forms an important sub-plot to the main action, book 21, Tarzan the Magnificent, and the short story "Tarzan and the Champion," collected in book 24, Tarzan and the Castaways.

Muviro and his warrior band also appear in Back to the Stone Age, a non-Tarzan sequel to Tarzan at the Earth's Core set during the sojourn in Pellucidar.

In other media
Muviro is featured in Tarzan comic books and comic strips in a role identical to his portrayal in Burrough's Tarzan books.

In the 2001 Disney series of animated cartoons The Legend of Tarzan, Muviro is recast as a villainous Waziri warrior. Serving the chief's son Basuli, he is secretly jealous of him, as well as hostile to outsiders, particularly Tarzan and his friends. When Basuli and Tarzan go on a quest to obtain an eagle's feather from a mountain in preparation for Basuli to wed and to become the next chief, Muviro plots to kill them both so that he himself can be chief. He engineers incidents causing several delays in the duo's journey; felling a tree into a river they are crossing, stampeding a herd of rhinos after them, and starting a rock slide as they near the mountain. He is exposed by Tarzan after his third attempt, and fights Basuli, who defeats and banishes him from the tribe for his treachery. Muviro is last seen walking away into the mist with an angry face, implying he may return for revenge.

In the 2016 movie The Legend of Tarzan, Muviro, portrayed by Yule Masiteng, is chief of the Kuba, a tribe the young Jane Porter's father had served as a missionary, and to which she had brought the severely injured Tarzan after he had saved her from an ape attack. In the film, Muviro is a benevolent elder, as in the novels, as well as an educated, literate man fluent in several languages. He welcomes the now married Tarzan and Jane back to the Kuba village after their long absence in England, but is subsequently killed in a raid by Léon Rom and his mercenaries.

References

Category:Tarzan characters
Category:Fictional kings
Category:Fictional princes
Category:Fictional tribal chiefs
Category:Literary characters introduced in 1913
Category:Fictional African people
Category:Black people in literature
Category:Black people in comics


Carter Hart

Carter Hart (born August 13, 1998) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently playing for the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted in the second round, 48th overall, of the 2016 NHL Entry Draft by the Flyers, the first goaltender selected that year. He previously played junior hockey with the Everett Silvertips of the Western Hockey League (WHL).

Playing career

Junior

Everett Silvertips
In Hart's first career start, the 2014–15 WHL season opener at age 16, he recorded a 26-save shutout win over the Seattle Thunderbirds. Hart finished his rookie season with an 18–5–2–3 record, a 2.29 goals against average (GAA) and a .915 save percentage.

Hart was part of the gold-medal winning Canadian team at the 2015 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament.

Hart was considered one of the top goaltender prospects in the 2016 NHL Entry Draft. NHL Central Scouting named him the top available North American goaltender in their 2016 midterm rankings. He was named the CHL Goaltender of the Year for 2016 on May 28, 2016. He finished the year as the second-ranked North American goaltender in the NHL Central Scouting final rankings.

Hart was drafted 48th overall in the 2016 NHL Entry Draft by the Philadelphia Flyers, the first goaltender selected in 2016. He signed an entry-level contract with the Flyers on October 2, 2016.

Hart was named both the WHL Player of the Year and Goalie of the Year for the 2017–18 WHL season after he compiled a 1.60 GAA, a 0.947 save percentage and seven shutouts. In addition to being named WHL Goalie of the Year for the 2017–18 season, he was named CHL Goaltender of the Year for the second time, the first being in 2016. He was the first goaltender in CHL history to win the award twice.

Hart's junior career will be remembered as one of the best careers in junior hockey history. In parts of five seasons, he boasts a 116–46–19 record, with a 2.01 GAA, a .927 save percentage and 26 shutouts, the latter tied for most in CHL history.

Professional

Philadelphia Flyers
Hart began the 2018–19 season with the Flyers American Hockey League affiliate, the Lehigh Valley Phantoms. He was recalled on December 17, 2018, after goaltender Anthony Stolarz was placed on injured reserve. Hart made his NHL debut the following day in a 3–2 win over the Detroit Red Wings and was named first star of the game. He became the youngest goaltender since Carey Price to win in his NHL debut and the youngest ever in Flyers history. After recording his fourth straight win as an NHL starter against the Winnipeg Jets on January 28, Hart became the first goaltender since Steve Mason to record four straight wins as a starter before the age of 21. Hart was named NHL Rookie of the Month for January 2019, going 6–2–1 with a 2.33 goals-against average and a .931 save percentage. He was later named the NHL Second Star of the Week for the week of February 4 after going 3–0–0 and extending his win streak to six. Hart was also one of eight goaltenders Philadelphia used during the season, setting a new record for the NHL.

Hart attended the Flyers training camp prior to the 2019–20 season. He entered the preseason weighing 191 pounds, nearly 10 more than the previous season. On October 9, after defeating the New Jersey Devils by a score of 4–0 in Philadelphia's home opener, Hart became the youngest goaltender in Flyers franchise history to record a shutout, doing so at the age of 21 years, 57 days. After suffering a lower right abdominal muscle strain during practice on January 15, 2020, Hart missed nine consecutive games before returning on February 10 in a 4–1 win over the Florida Panthers.

International play

Hart was selected to goaltend for Canada at the 2017 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, winning silver. He was again selected for Team Canada at the 2018 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, this time winning gold. During the 2018 tournament, Hart recorded a .929 save percentage, 1.81 goals against average, and 1 shutout in 6 games played.

On April 29, 2019, he was officially named to the Team Canada roster for the 2019 IIHF World Championship. As the backup goaltender to Matt Murray, Hart collected 3 wins in as many games to help Canada progress through to the playoff rounds before losing the final to Finland to finish with the Silver Medal on May 26, 2019.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Awards and honours

References

External links

Category:1998 births
Category:Living people
Category:Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Category:Everett Silvertips players
Category:Ice hockey people from Alberta
Category:Lehigh Valley Phantoms players
Category:Philadelphia Flyers draft picks
Category:Philadelphia Flyers players
Category:Sportspeople from Sherwood Park


Gmina Turośl

__NOTOC__
Gmina Turośl is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kolno County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Turośl, which lies approximately  west of Kolno and  west of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2014 its total population is 5,910.

Villages
Gmina Turośl contains the villages and settlements of Adamusy, Charubin, Charubiny, Cieciory, Cieloszka, Dudy Nadrzeczne, Krusza, Ksebki, Łacha, Leman, Nowa Ruda, Popiołki, Potasie, Ptaki, Pudełko, Pupki, Samule, Szablaki, Trzcińskie, Turośl, Wanacja and Zimna.

Neighbouring gminas
Gmina Turośl is bordered by the gminas of Kolno, Łyse, Pisz and Zbójna.

References
Polish official population figures 2006

Turosl
Category:Kolno County


Venu Arvind

Venu Arvind is a Tamil television and film actor. He is known for his roles in television serials of K. Balachander and Kovai Anuradha.He initially gained popularity as lead hero of television serials with Costly Mappilai (1996), Green Signal (1997) both directed by Kovai Anuradha.Then K. Balachander directed him in Kadhal Pagadai (1997),Kaselavu Nesam (1999).

He played the leading antagonist Ranga in the television soap Alaigal.

He debuted as a director with the film Sabash Sariyaana Potti. He is married to Shoba since 1987 and the couple have two children, a daughter, Veena and a son, Vijay.

Filmography
As actor

As director
Sabash Sariyana Potti (2011)

As dubbing artist
May Madham (1994) - Dubbed for Vineeth

Television serials

References

Category:Living people
Category:1965 births
Category:Tamil male actors
Category:Tamil theatre
Category:Tamil film directors
Category:Tamil male television actors
Category:Tamil Nadu television personalities
Category:Male actors from Tamil Nadu
Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema
Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema
Category:20th-century Indian male actors
Category:21st-century Indian male actors


Jose Franch-Ballester

Jose Franch-Ballester (born José Franch Ballester in 1980, Moncofa, Valencia) is a Spanish clarinetist.

Biography
Born in Moncofa into a family of clarinetists and Zarzuela singers, Jose Franch-Ballester began clarinet lessons at the age of nine with Venancio Rius, and graduated from the Joaquin Rodrigo Music Conservatory in Valencia. In 2005 he earned a bachelor's degree from the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia, where he studied with Donald Montanaro. Mr. Franch-Ballester's mentors also include Ricardo Morales, principal clarinet in the Philadelphia Orchestra.

Career
As a concerto soloist Mr. Franch-Ballester made his New York debut in 2006 with the Orchestra of St. Luke's at Lincoln Center. He has also performed with the BBC Concert Orchestra, Louisville Orchestra, Princeton Symphony Orchestra, Santa Barbara Chamber Orchestra, Wisconsin Philharmonic, Louisiana Philharmonic, Hilton Head Symphony Orchestra, Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra, and various orchestras in his native Spain. Mr. Franch-Ballester made his New York recital debut at the 92nd Street Y, and has appeared in recital at the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, Iowa State University, the Buffalo Chamber Music Society, and the Mondavi Center for the Performing Arts. He plays regularly with the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center, Camerata Pacifica, and at such U.S. festivals as the Saratoga Chamber Music Festival, Music@Menlo, Mainly Mozart, Bridgehampton Chamber Music Festival, Music from Angel Fire, Chamber Music Northwest, and Skaneateles Festival. Abroad, he has appeared at the Usedomer Musikfestival in Germany, the Verbier Festival in Switzerland, the Cartagena Festival Internacional de Música in Colombia, the Kon-Tiki Festival in Norway, and the Young Concert Artists Festival in Tokyo.

In 2008, Mr. Franch-Ballester received an Avery Fisher Career Grant, and he won both the Young Concert Artists and Astral Artists auditions. Mr. Franch-Ballester is artistic director of miXt, an ensemble of award-winning soloists from the Young Concert Artists roster that he founded in the 2012-13 season. Performing in a variety of configurations, miXt made its New York and Washington debuts in YCA's series at Merkin Hall and the Kennedy Center. His instrumental collaborators have also included the American, St. Lawrence, Jupiter, and Modigliani string quartets.

In his native Spain, Mr. Franch-Ballester has appeared with the Orquesta de Radio y Television Española, Orquesta de Valencia, Orquesta Sinfónica del Principado de Asturias, and Orquesta Sinfónica del Valles. He is the founder of Jose Franch-Ballester & i amics (and friends), a series of concerts in which young musicians from all over the world are presented in Mr. Franch-Ballester's hometown of Moncofa and throughout the Valencia area.

Mr. Franch-Ballester's recordings include a Deutsche Grammophon CD of Bartók's Contrasts with members of the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center. In 2010 he was awarded the Midem Prize for “Outstanding Young Artist,” which aims to introduce currently unsigned recording stars of the future to the classical recording industry. “Jose Franch-Ballester & Friends,” a CD of chamber music released by iTinerant Classics in 2011, includes the premiere recording of Oscar Navarro's Creation and works by Brahms, Stravinsky, and Paul Schoenfield. Mr. Franch-Ballester can also be heard on “Piazzolla Masterworks,” a CD recorded with cellist Young Song and pianist Pablo Zinger that contains works by Astor Piazzolla.

Notes
 http://www.samnyc.us

Category:Spanish clarinetists
Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:21st-century clarinetists


Radiation zone

A radiation zone, or radiative region is a layer of a star's interior where energy is primarily transported toward the exterior by means of radiative diffusion and thermal conduction, rather than by convection. Energy travels through the radiation zone in the form of electromagnetic radiation as photons.

Matter in a radiation zone is so dense that photons can travel only a short distance before they are absorbed or scattered by another particle, gradually shifting to longer wavelength as they do so. For this reason, it takes an average of 171,000 years for gamma rays from the core of the Sun to leave the radiation zone. Over this range, the temperature of the plasma drops from 15 million K near the core down to 1.5 million K at the base of the convection zone.

Temperature gradient
In a radiative zone, the temperature gradient—the change in temperature (T) as a function of radius (r)—is given by:

where κ(r) is the opacity, ρ(r) is the matter density, L(r) is the luminosity, and σB is the Stefan–Boltzmann constant. Hence the opacity (κ) and radiation flux (L) within a given layer of a star are important factors in determining how effective radiative diffusion is at transporting energy. A high opacity or high luminosity can cause a high temperature gradient, which results from a slow flow of energy. Those layers where convection is more effective than radiative diffusion at transporting energy, thereby creating a lower temperature gradient, will become convection zones.

This relation can be derived by integrating Fick's first law over the surface of some radius r, giving the total outgoing energy flux which is equal to the luminosity by conservation of energy:

Where D is the photons diffusion coefficient, and u is the energy density.

The energy density is related to the temperature by Stefan-Boltzmann law by:

Finally, as in the elementary theory of diffusion coefficient in gases, the diffusion coefficient D approximately satisfies:

where λ is the photon mean free path, and is the reciprocal of the opacity κ.

Eddington stellar model
Eddington assumed the pressure P in a star is a combination of an ideal gas pressure and radiation pressure, and that there is a constant ratio, β, of the gas pressure to the total pressure.
Therefore, by the ideal gas law:

where kB is Boltzmann constant and μ the mass of a single atom (actually, an ion since matter is ionized; usually a hydrogen ion, i.e. a proton).
While the radiation pressure satisfies:

so that T4 is proportional to P throughout the star.

This gives the polytropic equation (with n=3):

Using the hydrostatic equilibrium equation, the second equation becomes equivalent to:

For energy transmission by radiation only, we may use the equation for the temperature gradient (presented in the previous subsection) for the right-hand side and get

Thus the Eddington model is a good approximation in the radiation zone as long as κL/M is approximately constant, which is often the case.

Stability against convection

The radiation zone is stable against formation of convection cells if the density gradient is high enough, so that an element moving upwards has its density lowered (due to adiabatic expansion) less than the drop in density of its surrounding, so that it will experience a net buoyancy force downwards.

The criterion for this is:

where P is the pressure, ρ the density and  is the heat capacity ratio.

For a homogenic ideal gas, this is equivalent to:

We can calculate the left-hand side by dividing the equation for the temperature gradient by the equation relating the pressure gradient to the gravity acceleration g:

M(r) being the mass within the sphere of radius r, and is approximately the whole star mass for large enough r.

This gives the following form of the Schwarzschild criterion for stability against convection:

Note that for non-homogenic gas this criterion should be replaced by the Ledoux criterion, because the density gradient now also depends on concentration gradients.

For a polytrope solution with n=3 (as in the Eddington stellar model for radiation zone), P is proportional to T4 and the left-hand side is constant and equals 1/4, smaller than the ideal monoatomic gas approximation for the right-hand side giving . This explains the stability of the radiation zone against convection.

However, at a large enough radius, the opacity κ increases due to the decrease in temperature (by Kramers' opacity law), and possibly also due to a smaller degree of ionization in the lower shells of heavy elements ions. This leads to a violation of the stability criterion and to the creation of the convection zone; in the sun, opacity increases by more than a tenfold across the radiation zone, before the transition to the convection zone happens.

Additional situations in which this stability criterion is not met are:
Large values of , which may happen towards the star core's center, where M(r) is small, if nuclear energy production is strongly peaked at the center, as in relatively massive stars. Thus such stars have a convective core.
A smaller value of . For semi-ionized gas, where approximately half of the atoms are ionized, the effective value of  drops to 6/5, giving . Therefore, all stars have shallow convection zones near their surfaces, at low enough temperatures where ionization is only partial.

Main sequence stars
For main sequence stars—those stars that are generating energy through the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen at the core, the presence and location of radiative regions depends on the star's mass. Main sequence stars below about 0.3 solar masses are entirely convective, meaning they do not have a radiative zone. From 0.3 to 1.2 solar masses, the region around the stellar core is a radiation zone, separated from the overlying convection zone by the tachocline. The radius of the radiative zone increases monotonically with mass, with stars around 1.2 solar masses being almost entirely radiative. Above 1.2 solar masses, the core region becomes a convection zone and the overlying region is a radiation zone, with the amount of mass within the convective zone increasing with the mass of the star.

The Sun
In the Sun, the region between the solar core at 0.2 of the Sun's radius and the outer convection zone at 0.71 of the Sun's radius is referred to as the radiation zone, although the core is also a radiative region. The convection zone and the radiation zone are divided by the tachocline, another part of the Sun.

Notes and references

External links
 SOHO ... Solar and Heliospheric Observatory — official site of this NASA and ESA joint project.
 Animated explanation of the Radiation zone  (University of South Wales).
 Animated explanation of the temperature and density of the Radiation zone (University of South Wales).

Category:Sun


St. Anthony of Padua Church (New Bedford, Massachusetts)

St. Anthony of Padua is a Roman Catholic church in New Bedford, Massachusetts, part of the  Diocese of Fall River.

History
St. Anthony of Padua was founded in 1895 to serve the needs of French Canadian Catholics who lived in the North End of New Bedford. The new parish was under the care of first pastor, Fr. Hormisdas Deslauriers (1861–1916), an energetic leader who would have great influence on the parishes future development. The first mass was celebrated on Oct 6th 1895 at ‘’North Union Hall’’ on Bullard Street. Shortly thereafter a two story wood frame church was dedicated on March 8, 1896.

Building
The present Romanesque style church was begun in 1902 when the parish acquired plans from Canadian architect Joseph Venne of Montreal. The cornerstone for the new building was laid in June 1904 and work began on shortly thereafter. On September 20, 1904 several construction workers were seriously injured and one killed when a 50-foot wall collapsed at the construction site.

After the accident the original contractor, Michael J. Houlihan of Providence, Rhode Island,  withdrew from the project and noted Fall River architect Louis G. Destremps was brought in as supervising architect. The church exterior was completed in December 1905 and the lower church was available for masses by 1908. The upper portion of the church, though not yet ready for religious service was opened for public viewing on January 17, 1909. The period of 1909-1912 was largely taken up by extensive interior decoration and the installation of a large Casavant pipe organ. The finished church was formally dedicated on November 28, 1912.

The exterior is of red sandstone from East Longmeadow, Massachusetts. The spire is 256 feet high, the third tallest in New England.  The Cathedral of Saint Joseph of Hartford, Connecticut is the tallest in New England.  The Memorial Church of Harvard University in Cambridge is the tallest in Massachusetts.  The building is 241 feet long and 80 feet wide (135 feet wide at the transept). It seats 2,000 worshipers and several thousand more standing. The outline of the church can be seen for miles around and dominates the skyline of North New Bedford.

The work of John Castagnoli (1908-1912)
Much of the interior decoration was accomplished between 1908 and 1912 by Italian sculptor John Castagnoli (1863–1914), Castagnoli was born in Borgo Val di Taro Italy, near Parma, and studied in Florence. Other examples of his work can be found in various churches in Canada, a cathedral Berlin, New Hampshire, Notre Dame Church and Blessed Sacrament Church, both in Fall River, Massachusetts.

One of Castagnoli's most significant contributions was the design of 32 enormous angel statues some of which are 20 feet tall. These statues are located throughout the church. The faces of the angels come from parishioners of St. Anthony Church.

Joseph Venne
Joseph Venne was an important Canadian architect of the late 19th early 20th century who designed many important buildings in his native country and was active in the establishment of the first Institute of architects in Canada. He also designed three large and important catholic churches in the United States. The first of these is St. Anthony, New Bedford. He would later design the Notre Dame Church of Southbridge, Massachusetts, also for a French congregation. Notre Dame is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. He also designed a church in Adams, Massachusetts.

The 1952 renovation by Guido Nicheri
In 1952 an extensive renovation of the church was conducted under the direction of Italian architect and artist Guido Nincheri who was living in Rhode Island at the time. The original pulpit, which had been designed by Castagnoli was replaced with one designed by Nincheri and built by the
Del Bono Arte Del Marno company of Italy. Nincheri also added several stained glass windows and paintings of each of the four evangelists.

The 1990s and Fr. Edmond Levesque
By 1990 the once grand church had fallen on hard times. In 1991 Bishop Daniel A. Cronin appointed Fr. Edmond R. Levesque pastor of the beleaguered church telling him at the time that unless Father Levesque could reverse the pattern of decline, that St. Anthony Church would have to be closed. Over the next several years Fr. Levesque, with the aid of his housekeeper Patricia DeAndrade, was able to restore the church to its former grandeur and revitalize the parish community.

Casavant Organ

St. Anthony of Padua church is home to a large 4 manual pipe organ built in 1912 by Casavant Frères of Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, as their Opus 489. The organ enjoys an especially favorable placement in the church being installed in the unusual second balcony some 70 feet above the floor. It was dedicated on September 12, 1912. Famous Belgian organist Gaston Dethier performed the dedicatory recital.

This instrument remains essentially intact, and was partially restored in 2005 by Daniel Lemieux & Associates. In recent years the church has sponsored a series of recitals on this instrument and it has been used for the commercial recording Pipes and Angels.

References

External links
 St. Anthony - Website
 Virtual Tour of St. Anthony Church
 Diocese of Fall River

Category:French-Canadian culture in Massachusetts
Category:Roman Catholic churches in Massachusetts
Category:Romanesque Revival church buildings in Massachusetts
Category:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1912
Anthony
Category:1912 establishments in Massachusetts


Menhat Helmy

Menhat Helmy (1925-2004) was an artist and pioneer in Egyptian etchings and printmaking.

Early life and education
Menhat Helmy was born in Helwan, Egypt in on July 11, 1925 as the middle child in a family of seven sisters and two brothers. She graduated from Cairo's High Institute of Pedagogic Studies for Art in 1949 before continuing her education abroad at the Slade School of Fine Art between 1953–55, where she focused on drawing, painting, and etching. She later studied coloured graphics at Morley College in London during her second stay in London between 1973-79.

Career
Along with likes of Hussein El Gebaly, Abdullah Gohar, and Mariam A. Aleem, Helmy was part of a pioneering generation of artists who played a pivotal role in the field. Helmy's black-and-white etchings were critically acclaimed for their complexity, as well for their difficulty in realization. Helmy was one of the first artists to engrave entire scenes into her work, replicating the effects of sketches and elaborate drawings on zinc before transforming them into prints.

After winning the Slade Prize of Etching in 1955, Menhat Helmy went on to participate in exhibitions around the world. She took part in most local exhibitions in Egypt from 1956 onwards and held her first private etching exhibition in 1966. She participated in many international biennales of etchings in West Germany, Yugoslavia, Poland, Italy, Tokyo, and India. She won the Saloon Du Caire award in 1959 and 1960, the Cairo Production Exhibition prize in 1957, and the Ljublyana Honorary Prize in 1961. Helmy went on to become a lecturer at the Fine Arts Institute in Cairo, a Professor of Fine Arts at the Helwan University in Cairo, an Honorary Professor of Etching at the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno in Florence, Italy, and a member of the Print Maker Council in the United Kingdom.

While Helmy retired from printmaking in the 1980s due to a lung condition contracted from the chemicals used in her etchings, she continued to teach at Helwan University until her death in 2004 at the age of 78.

Helmy's work is represented in the Museum of Modern Arts in Egypt and is in private collections in Egypt, Germany, Britain, the U.A.E, and the United States. One of her abstract etching, 'To the Point,' was donated to Cairo University by her daughter, Sara Khallaf. Her painting, 'Procession to Work,' was sold at auction house Christies in 2007. Her abstract painting, 'Space Exploration,' was acquired by Sultan Sooud Al-Qassemi of the Barjeel Art Foundation in 2019.

Exhibitions

 Participated in most local exhibitions in Egypt from 1956 onwards.
 Solo Show, Etchings at Akhnaton Hall, Cairo, Egypt, 1966.
 Solo Show, Etchings and Graphics, London,1978.
 Solo Show, Etchings at Goethe Institute, Cairo, Egypt, 1979
 Solo Show, at University Austral of Chile, Chile, 1985
 Retrospective Show, Horizon One Gallery, Cairo, Egypt, 2005
 Participated in many biennales including Alexandria Biennale, Ljublyana (Yugoslavia, Grakow (Poland), Frechen (West Germany), Tokyo (Japan), Biella (Italy) and Fredrikstad (Norway).
 Participated at the Venice Biennali, Italy
 Participated at the Third World Biennale of Graphic Art, 1980, Iraqi Cultural Center, London.
 Participated at the Dublin Biennale (Ireland),1982, Bradford(England), 1982 and 1986.
 Participated at the Contemporary Arab Artists exhibition in London, 1982
 Participated at the India Triennale, 1982.

Awards

 Slade School of Fine Arts Prize for Etching, 1955.
 Salon Du Caire Prize for 1959 and 1960.
 Cairo Production Exhibition Prize, 1957.
 Ljublyana Honorary Prize, 1961.
 Honorary Professor at the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno, 1963 for works exhibited at the Ljublyana Biennali for Graphics.
 National Merit Prize for Etching, Egypt, 1981.

Publications & Cultural Activities

 Drawings of the Anatomy Book for Artists,1961.
 Curator for the Egyptian Show at the 5th Triennali in New Delhi, India; 1982
 Book cover for one of The Canal Medical College,1980-1983
 Member of Acquisition Committee in Egypt for three consecutive years; 1985-1988.
 Member of Fine Arts Committee in Egypt for two consecutive years; 1986-1988.
 Member of the Print Makers Council, United Kingdom
 Member of the World Print Council, U.S.A

References

Category:Egyptian artists
Category:1925 births
Category:2004 deaths


Tommy Spurr

Thomas Spurr (born 30 September 1987) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender for Sheffield Wednesday, Doncaster Rovers, Blackburn Rovers, Preston North End and a loan spell with Fleetwood Town.

Career

Sheffield Wednesday
Spurr was born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, where he played for Seacroft Colts AFC as a youngster. He joined Sheffield Wednesday at a young age and worked his way up through the academy before signing for them full-time in 2004 and in his first season established himself in the reserves and won a place on the bench for the first team. He was named Academy Player of the Year in the 2004–05 season and made his first team debut against Reading on 22 April 2006. He was awarded Sponsor's Man of the Match for his performance in the game.

The 2006–07 season saw Spurr hold down a regular place in the starting eleven at left back ahead of the more experienced Peter Gilbert and John Hills. In December 2006, Spurr was given a new two-and-a-half-year contract which took his contract up until the summer of 2009.

Spurr scored his first goal for Sheffield Wednesday against Charlton Athletic on 25 August 2007 in a 3–2 defeat. He scored his second career goal and first Hillsborough goal on 14 April 2008 against Plymouth Argyle. It proved to be the equaliser in what was a crunch game for Sheffield Wednesday and was voted Sky Sports Championship Goal of the Season.

In December 2007 Championship rivals Queens Park Rangers made an offer for Spurr. It was turned down, however, as he was described as a 'top asset in the playing squad.' Later in the month Queens Park Rangers made an improved offer which was also rejected by Sheffield Wednesday.

Spurr scored his third goal for Wednesday against Watford in a 2–0 win at Hillsborough on 13 September 2008. Despite playing at centre back for the game due to an injury sustained by Mark Beevers, Spurr found himself 50 yards out on the left wing and played a give and go with Etiënne Esajas, before sliding the ball right footed past Mart Poom from 8 yards.

Spurr scored another eye-catching goal in a 2–1 defeat by Fulham in the FA Cup 3rd Round on Saturday, 3 January 2009, when he collected a square ball from James O'Connor to score from 30 yards. During the 7 February 2009 Steel City derby Spurr scored his fourth league goal for the club from a Michael Gray cross just 45 seconds into the game.

Spurr was handed the team's captaincy in the game on 21 February 2009 against Neil Warnock's Crystal Palace, in the absence of team captain Richard Wood. In September, he signed a three-year contract extension. However Sheffield Wednesday were relegated from The Championship on the final day of the season against Crystal Palace. After staying with the club in League 1, Spurr found himself out of favour when manager Gary Megson took over the club.

Doncaster Rovers
In June 2011, it was reported that Sheffield Wednesday had accepted an undisclosed fee said to be around the £200,000 area from Doncaster Rovers for the services of Spurr. He signed for Doncaster Rovers on 28 June 2011. When fit, Spurr is a regular starter at left back for Doncaster.

Blackburn Rovers
Spurr's Doncaster contract expired in June 2013. Despite lengthy talks, no new contract was agreed, and only a few days before the start of the new season, he signed a two-year deal with Blackburn Rovers, replacing regular left-back Martin Olsson who had departed for Norwich City of the Premier League. He went straight into the starting eleven for Blackburn's opening-day draw at Derby County. On 10 August 2013, he started and played the full 90 minutes in a 1–0 defeat against Nottingham Forest at Ewood Park. On 7 May 2014, Spurr signed a new two-year contract with Rovers.

Preston North End
On 28 June 2016 Spurr signed a three-year deal with Preston North End on a free transfer after the expiry of his contract. He was signed as left-back, moving to centre-half for his second season at the club but an injury early in the season limited his appearances. Spurr joined Fleetwood Town on loan for the 2018–19 season. After a short spell with The Cod Army, he was sent back to Preston after suffering a serious injury.

He was released by Preston at the end of the 2018–19 season. Spurr announced his retirement from professional football due to injury on 10 June 2019.

Career statistics

Honours
Doncaster Rovers
League One(1): 2012–13

References

External links

Tommy Spurr player profile at swfc.co.uk

Category:1987 births
Category:Living people
Category:Footballers from Leeds
Category:English footballers
Category:Association football defenders
Category:Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Category:Doncaster Rovers F.C. players
Category:Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Category:English Football League players
Category:Preston North End F.C. players
Category:Fleetwood Town F.C. players
Category:People from Garforth


Joe Bedford

Joe Bedford (born 16 February 1984) is an English  professional rugby union player. His primary position is scrum half.
Bedford joined Newport Gwent Dragons for the 2011-12 season having previously played for Rotherham Titans and Leeds Carnegie. In January 2013 Bedford was released by Newport Gwent Dragons and joined Doncaster RFC.

References

External links
profile at Leeds Carnegie
Newport Gwent Dragons profile

Category:Living people
Category:1984 births
Category:Rugby union players from Leeds
Category:English rugby union players
Category:Leeds Carnegie players
Category:Rotherham Titans players
Category:Dragons (rugby union) players


Athletics at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' hammer throw

The girls' hammer throw competition at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was held on 12 and 15 October, at the Parque Polideportivo Roca.

Schedule
All times are in local time (UTC-3).

Results

Stage 1

Stage 2

Final placing

External links
Stage 1 results
Stage 2 results
Final placing

Category:Athletics at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics


Arapahoan languages

The Arapahoan languages are a subgroup of the Plains group of Algonquian languages: Nawathinehena, Arapaho, and Gros Ventre.

Nawathinehena is extinct and Arapaho and Gros Ventre are both endangered.

Besawunena, attested only from a word list collected by Kroeber, differs only slightly from Arapaho, but a few of its sound changes resemble those seen in Gros Ventre. It had speakers among the Northern Arapaho as recently as the late 1920s.

Nawathinehena is also attested only from a word list collected by Kroeber, and was the most divergent language of the group.

Another reported Arapahoan variety is the extinct Ha'anahawunena, but there is no documentation of it.

Notes

References
 Goddard, Ives (2001). "The Algonquian Languages of the Plains." In Plains, Part I, ed. Raymond J. DeMallie. Vol. 13 of Handbook of North American Indians, ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pp. 71–79.
 Marianne Mithun (1999). The Languages of Native North America. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

External links
 "Arapaho" at Native-languages.org
 "Gros Ventre" at Native-languages.org

+
Category:Plains Algonquian languages
Category:Indigenous languages of the North American Plains
Category:Languages of the United States


Chaudhary Sadhu Ram

Chaudhary Sadhu Ram is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from the Phillaur  constituency of Punjab as a member of the Indian National Congress.

References

External links
Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website

Category:1909 births
Category:Indian National Congress politicians
Category:Lok Sabha members from Punjab, India
Category:2nd Lok Sabha members
Category:3rd Lok Sabha members
Category:4th Lok Sabha members
Category:5th Lok Sabha members
Category:Year of death missing
Category:People from Kapurthala district
Category:People from Jalandhar district


2012–13 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – Women's 1500 metres

The 1500 meters distance for women in the 2012–13 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was contested over six races on six occasions, out of a total of nine World Cup occasions for the season, with the first occasion taking place in Heerenveen, Netherlands, on 16–18 November 2012, and the final occasion also taking place in Heerenveen on 8–10 March 2013.

Marrit Leenstra of the Netherlands won the cup, while the defending champion, Christine Nesbitt of Canada, came second, and Ireen Wüst of the Netherlands came third.

Top three
{| class="wikitable"
!Medal
!Athlete
!Points
!'Previous season
|- align="center"
| bgcolor="gold" | Gold || align="left" |  Marrit Leenstra || 411 || 3rd
|- align="center"
| bgcolor="silver" | Silver || align="left" |  Christine Nesbitt || 375 || 1st
|- align="center"
| bgcolor="CC9966" | Bronze || align="left" |  Ireen Wüst || 350 || 2nd
|}

 Race medallists

 Standings Standings as of 10 March 2013 (end of the season).

References

Women 1500


FASN

FASN may refer to
 the FASN gene that encodes Fatty acid synthase
 Fellowship of the American Society of Nephrology


Pisgah

The name Pisgah may refer to:

Mount Pisgah (Bible)

In the United States

Communities
Pisgah, Alabama, a town in Jackson County
Pisgah Grande, a defunct religious community in Las Llajas Canyon, California
Pisgah Home Historic District, a historic district in Los Angeles, California
Pisgah, Georgia, an unincorporated community
Pisgah, Iowa, a city in Harrison County
Pisgah, Illinois
Pisgah, Kentucky, an unincorporated community
Pisgah, Maryland, an unincorporated community
Pisgah, Mississippi
Pisgah, Missouri
Pisgah, North Carolina, an unincorporated community in Randolph County
Pisgah, Ohio
Pisgah, Texas, now a ghost town, in Navarro County, Texas
Pisgah, West Virginia

Other
Pisgah Crater, California
Pisgah State Park, New Hampshire
Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute, North Carolina
Pisgah National Forest, North Carolina

United Kingdom
Pisgah, Ceredigion, a small village in Wales

See also

Mount Pisgah (disambiguation)


Surrey Quays Shopping Centre

Surrey Quays Shopping & Leisure is located in Rotherhithe, London. It is currently owned by British Land.

The retail destination opened in July 1988 following years of development by the London Docklands Development Corporation in the London Docklands and surrounding areas. Surrey Quays Shopping has over 40 stores including Tesco, 1,300 parking spaces and a food court.

Improvements in the local transport links and rise in local housing developments in recent years have given local consumers easier access to the retail area.

British Land plan to redevelop it over the next few years, adding retail space, extensions and a number of new dwellings.

History
The site on which the destination is built was originally a dock. However, as the majority of Surrey Docks ship yards closed in the early 1970s, due to a general decline, the land was left abandoned and the docks filled in. It was not until the London Docklands Development Corporation began to redevelop the area that the land found a new lease of life. See Surrey Commercial Docks

Construction of Surrey Quays Shopping began in late 1985, and was completed in time for a July 1988 opening. At the same time new housing was being constructed in the surrounding area which ensured a steady influx of customers.

The area is still referred to as Surrey Docks by many of the local residents and the old name can still be seen on a few road signs in the area.

In 1998 a leisure park was opened adjacent to the area, facilities include an Odeon (UCI at the time) Cinema, Hollywood Bowl, and a number of restaurants.

Present day

Surrey Quays Shopping has not changed much from its original construction. An extension was added to the Tesco store in 2008, and a fountain which used to lie in the main concourse of the area featuring a Dolphin sculpture by David Backhouse was removed in the early 2000s to make way for a new seating and sale area.

Transport

Surrey Quays Shopping is in close proximity to Canada Water Underground station which serves the Jubilee line and London Overground's East London Line. Canada Water also has a bus station which allows access to a number of London bus routes. It has its own bus stops and most local bus routes stop here either before or after serving Canada Water.

Surrey Quays Station is also close by which serves London Overground's East London Line.

The shopping area has a mini cab rank and a large car park.

Redevelopment

In 2013, British Land bought out Tesco's 50% stake in Surrey Quays. (It was originally owned by British Land and Tesco)

British Land in a joint venture with Tesco (Surrey Quays Limited) plans to redevelop it over the next few years. The plan is to have a 100,000 sq ft extension built, while the existing infrastructure will undergo a major refurbishment. The surrounding area and its facade will also be significantly improved, including new public spaces, easy routes to transport links and larger parking areas. The nearby leisure park will also be included in these works as will the shop fronts along the river featuring the Decathlon stores.

Commencement of these works is due to start in the near future. Planning permission has been granted by Southwark Council for the initial phase with further plans currently being reviewed.

References

External links
 Surrey Quays Shopping.Leisure
 London Docklands Development Corporation Archive
 British Land Homepage

Category:Shopping centres in London
Category:Rotherhithe
Category:Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Southwark
Category:Tourist attractions in the London Borough of Southwark


Turret punch

A turret punch or turret press is a type of punch press used for metal forming by punching.

Punching, and press work in general, is a process well suited to mass production. However the initial tooling costs, of both the machine and the job-specific press tool, are high. This limits punch work from being used for much small-volume and prototype work. A turret punch is one way of addressing this cost. The tooling of a turret punch uses a large number of standard punch tools: holes of varying sizes, straight edges, commonly-used notches or mounting holes. By using a large number of strokes, with several different tools in turn, a turret press may make a wide variety of parts without having to first make a specialised press tool for that task. This saves both time and money, allowing rapid prototyping or for low volume production to start without tooling delays.

A typical CNC turret punch has a choice of up to 60 tools in a "turret" that can be rotated to bring any tool to the punching position. A simple shape (e.g., a square, circle, or hexagon) is cut directly from the sheet. A complex shape can be cut out by making many square or rounded cuts around the perimeter. As a press tool requires a matching punch and die set, there are two corresponding turrets, above and below the bed, for punch and die. These two turrets must rotate in precise synchronisation and with their alignment carefully maintained. Several punches of identical shape may be used in the turret, each one turned to a different angle, as there is usually no feature to rotate the sheet workpiece relative to the tool.

A punch is less flexible than a laser for cutting compound shapes, but faster for repetitive shapes (for example, the grille of an air-conditioning unit). Some units combine both laser and punch features in one machine.

Most turret punches are CNC-controlled, with automatic positioning of the metal sheet beneath the tool and programmed selection of particular tools. A CAM process first converts the CAD design for the finished item into the number of individual punch operations needed, depending on the tools available in the turret.

The precise load-out of tools may change according to a particular job's needs. The CAD stage is also optimised for turret punching: an operation such as rounding a corner may be much quicker with a single chamfered cut than a fully rounded corner requiring several strokes. Changing an unimportant dimension such as the width of a ventilation slot may match an available tool, requiring a single cut, rather than cutting each side separately. CAD support may also manage the selection of tools to be loaded into the turret before starting work.

As each tool in a turret press is relatively small, the press requires little power compared to a press manufacturing similar parts with a single press stroke. This allows the tool to be lighter and sometimes cheaper, although this is offset by the increased complexity of the turret and sheet positioning. Turret punches can operate faster per stroke than a heavier tool press, although of course many strokes are required. A turret punch can achieve 600 strokes per minute.

The most sophisticated recent machines may also add facilities for forming and bending, as well as punch cutting. Although unlikely to replace a press brake for box making, the ability to form even small lugs may turn a two machine process into a one machine process, reducing materials handling time.

 Manual punches
Manual turret punches have also been used. These are C frame presses, usually with a rack-actuated ram. There is no CNC, for either sheet positioning or tool changing. Using such a manual press requires great familiarity, as the correct tool must be selected from the turret each time for every one of the many press operations performed. Such manual presses are rarely found, but they have their place in labour-intensive tasks such as hand-worked sheetmetal shops, making such products as custom car bodywork. They are often used in conjunction with other highly skilled artisan processes such as an English wheel.

References

External links
 http://www.makeitmetal.com/resources/CH5_CNC_A.htm
 http://www.emachineshop.com/machine-shop/CNC-Turret-Punching/page90.html

Category:Presswork
Category:Metalworking tools
Category:Machine tools
Category:Metal forming
Category:Press tools


Rose Marie (disambiguation)

Rose Marie (1923–2017) was an American actress.

Rose Marie or Rose-Marie may also refer to:

 Rose-Marie, an operetta by Rudolph Friml
 Rose-Marie (1928 film), a silent film starring Joan Crawford
 Rose Marie (1936 film), a black-and-white musical starring Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy
 Rose Marie (1954 film), a color musical starring Ann Blyth, Howard Keel and Fernando Lamas
 "Rose Marie" (song), the title song, which became a hit in 1955 for Slim Whitman
 Rose-Marie (singer) (born 1956), Northern Irish singer, actress, and television personality
 Dr Rose Marie, a character in A Very Peculiar Practice


Sunday Mirror

The Sunday Mirror is the Sunday sister paper of the Daily Mirror. It began life in 1915 as the Sunday Pictorial and was renamed the Sunday Mirror in 1963.  In 2016 it had an average weekly circulation of 620,861, dropping markedly to 505,508 the following year. Competing closely with other papers, in July 2011, on the second weekend after the closure of the News of the World, more than 2,000,000 copies sold, the highest level since January 2000.

History

Sunday Pictorial (1915–1963)
The paper launched as the Sunday Pictorial on 14 March 1915.

Lord Rothermere – who owned the paper – introduced the Sunday Pictorial to the British public with the idea of striking a balance between socially responsible reporting of great issues of the day and sheer entertainment.

Although the newspaper has gone through many refinements in its near 100-year history those original core values are still in place today.

Ever since 1915, the paper has continually published the best and most revealing pictures of the famous and the infamous, and reported on major national and international events.

The first editor of the Sunday Pictorial, or the Sunday Pic as it was commonly known, was F.R Sanderson.

His launch edition led with three stories on the front page, two of which reported from the front line of the war: "THE TASK OF THE RED CROSS" and "ALL THAT WAS LEFT OF A BIG GUN".

From day one the paper was a huge success and within six months of launch the Sunday Pictorial was selling more than one million copies.

One of the reasons for this early success was due to a series of articles written by Winston Churchill. In 1915, Churchill, disillusioned with government, resigned from the Cabinet. The articles he then wrote for the Sunday Pictorial attracted such high levels of interest that sales lifted by 400,000 copies every time his stories appeared.

A further reason for the paper's success was its political influence. As a popular paper that always spoke its mind, the Sunday Pictorial struck a chord with millions.

Sport was also a key ingredient of the Sunday Pictorials success. Football, even then, made it onto the front pages, and for many of the same reasons it does today: WEMBLEY STADIUM STORMED BY EXCITED CUP FINAL CROWDS''' dominates a front page from 1923.

Although the paper's early life started with a flourish, by the mid-1930s its success began to flounder. That, however, all changed when the editorship was given to 24-year-old Hugh Cudlipp in 1937. Within three years of taking over he saw the circulation of the paper rise to more than 1,700,000 by the time he went to fight in World War II in 1940.

On resuming the editorship in 1946, Cudlipp successfully developed the Sunday Pic to reflect the greater social awareness of the post-war years.

In all, Cudlipp edited the title for three long spells and has often been described as the "greatest of all popular journalists".

After his final editorship in 1953 he became editor-in-chief and then editorial director of Mirror Group, where he pushed the daily title, the Daily Mirror, to a circulation in excess of five million copies.

Cultural change in perspectives towards homosexuality
Reflecting strongly prevailing cultural views across the papers across the generations, in 1952, the Sunday Pictorial ran a three-part series entitled "Evil Men" promising an "end to the conspiracy of silence" about homosexuality in Britain. "Most people know there are such things – 'pansies' – mincing, effeminate, young men who call themselves queers (...) but simple decent folk regard them as freaks and rarities." The Sunday Pictorial compared homosexuality to a "spreading fungus" that had contaminated "generals, admirals, fighter pilots, engine drivers and boxers".

In April 1963, under its new title, the paper published a two-page guide called "How to Spot a Homo" which, inter alia, listed "shifty glances", "dropped eyes" and "a fondness for the theatre" as signs of being gay.

In December 2012 before MPs voted for gay marriage, the paper reported, "Cameron and Clegg ruin progressive moves by making it illegal for Anglican church to conduct gay marriage ceremonies" in one of its campaign articles entitled "Gay marriage is jilted: Vicars lose chance to join 21st century". This sided with organisations such as Stonewall in supporting the move, and against the more traditional majority of decision makers in the established and catholic churches, as well as in Judaism and the main forms of Islam.

Sunday Mirror (1963 to date)
In 1963 the newspaper’s name was changed to the Sunday Mirror.

One of the earliest stories covered by the newly named paper was the Profumo affair, which was catastrophic for the government of the day. While frontbenchers involved in sleaze scandals exposed in the British press have often led to reshuffles, contemporary accounts and later research has credited the coverage, associating the involved young socialite to a Russian senior attaché, for triggering the replacement of the conservative prime minister with another, Alec Douglas-Home. This leader was less popular, and alongside many press reports of scandals in the Macmillan Ministry, this led to the party's election defeat of 1964 and to the establishment of the second Labour Ministry after World War II led by twice-Prime Minister Harold Wilson.

In 1974, following a succession of editors, Robert Edwards took the chair and within a year, circulation rose to 5.3 million. Edwards remained for a record 13 years, and ended as deputy chairman of Mirror Group in 1985.

By the end of his time in charge Edwards oversaw the introduction of colour to the paper (in 1988). The paper also introduced the Sunday Mirror Magazine which had an extra-large format and was printed on glossy paper. It had the best of big name stories, star photographs, money-saving offers and glittering prizes for competition winners. Today's incarnation of the magazine is Notebook.

In 1992 the Sunday Mirror was criticized and challenged by attorneys of Mel Gibson for reporting what was said in confidential Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.

In 2001 Tina Weaver was appointed editor of the Sunday Mirror, a position she held for 11 years until her sacking. Since its launch the paper has had 25 editors in total including current editor-in-chief Lloyd Embley.

In 2012 the Sunday Mirror broke the world exclusive that one of the two Moors murderers, Ian Brady, had died but been resuscitated, brought back to life against his will.

The Sunday Mirror also ran a campaign to make Twitter take action to prevent paedophiles using it to contact each other and trade obscene pictures. As a result of this story and others, Twitter agreed to make changes to its policies.

A former Sunday Mirror investigations editor, Graham Johnson, pleaded guilty to intercepting voicemail messages in 2001. Johnson is the first Mirror Group Newspapers journalist to admit to phone hacking. He voluntarily contacted police in 2013.

Archive
Until Tuesday October 30th 2018 some copies of the paper were up under Daily Mirror on UK Press Online but removed so there won't be a mix up. In 2019 a Sunday Mirror Archives website will be launched.

 Editors
The Sunday Pictorial1915: F. R. Sanderson
1921: William McWhirter
1924: David Grant
1928: William McWhirter
1929: David Grant
1938: Hugh Cudlipp
1940: Stuart Campbell
1946: Hugh Cudlipp
1949: Philip Zec
1952: Hugh Cudlipp
1953: Colin Valdar
1959: Lee Howard
1961: Reg Payne

The Sunday Mirror''

1963: Michael Christiansen
1972: Bob Edwards
1984: Peter Thompson
1986: Mike Molloy
1988: Eve Pollard
1991: Bridget Rowe
1992: Colin Myler
1994: Paul Connew
1995: Tessa Hilton
1996: Amanda Platell (acting)
1997: Bridget Rowe
1998: Brendon Parsons
1998: Colin Myler
2001: Tina Weaver
2012: Lloyd Embley

Notes and references
Notes

References

External links

Category:National newspapers published in the United Kingdom
Category:Reach plc
Category:Publications established in 1915
Category:1915 establishments in the United Kingdom
Category:Sunday newspapers published in the United Kingdom


1985 Ebel U.S. Pro Indoor

The 1985 Ebel U.S. Pro Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts that was part of the 1985 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was played at the Wachovia Spectrum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States from January 21 to January 28, 1985. First-seeded John McEnroe won his fourth consecutive singles title at the event.

Prize money

*per team

Finals

Singles

 John McEnroe defeated  Miloslav Mečíř 6–3, 7–6, 6–1
 It was McEnroe's 1st title of the year and the 107th of his career.

Doubles

 Joakim Nyström /  Mats Wilander defeated  Wojciech Fibak /  Sandy Mayer 3–6, 6–2, 6–2
 It was Nyström's 1st title of the year and the 7th of his career. It was Wilander's 1st title of the year and the 19th of his career.

References

Ebel U.S. Pro Indoor
Category:U.S. Pro Indoor


List of University of Szeged people

The list of University of Szeged people includes notable graduates and nongraduates; professors; and administrators affiliated with the University of Szeged, located in Szeged, Hungary.

See also

 List of Hungarian people

References

External links
 Scientists of the University of Szeged (in Hungarian)

*List
University of Szeged
Szeged


Tencent QQ

Tencent QQ (), also known as QQ, is an instant messaging software service and web portal developed by the Chinese tech giant Tencent. QQ offers services that provide online social games, music, shopping, microblogging, movies, and group and voice chat software. The logo of the software is a winking penguin wearing a red scarf. It is the world's 5th most visited website, according to Alexa.
As of April 2014, over 200 million simultaneous online QQ users were recorded. At the end of June 2016, there were 899 million active QQ accounts.

Stable releases

History
Tencent QQ was first released in China in February 1999 under the name of OICQ ("Open ICQ", a reference to the early IM service ICQ).

After the threat of a trademark infringement lawsuit by the AOL-owned ICQ, the product's name was changed to QQ (with "Q" and "QQ" used to imply "cute"). The software inherited existing functions from ICQ, and additional features such as software skins, people's images, and emoticons.  QQ was first released as a "network paging" real-time communications service. Other features were later added, such as chatrooms, games, personal avatars (similar to "Meego" in MSN), online storage, and Internet dating services.

The official client runs on Microsoft Windows and a beta public version was launched for Mac OS X version 10.4.9 or newer. Formerly, two web versions, WebQQ (full version) and WebQQ Mini (Lite version), which made use of Ajax, were available. Development, support, and availability of WebQQ Mini, however, has since been discontinued. On 31 July 2008, Tencent released an official client for Linux, but this has not been made compatible with the Windows version and it is not capable of voice chat.

In response to competition with other instant messengers, such as Windows Live Messenger, Tencent released Tencent Messenger, which is aimed at businesses.

Tencent QQ holds the Guinness World Record for the highest number of simultaneous online users on an instant messaging program with 210,212,085 users online on July 3, 2014.

Membership
In 2002, Tencent stopped its free membership registration, requiring all new members to pay a fee. In 2003, however, this decision was reversed due to pressure from other instant messaging services such as Windows Live Messenger and Sina UC.
Tencent currently offers a premium membership scheme, where premium members enjoy features such as QQ mobile, ringtone downloads, and SMS sending/receiving. In addition, Tencent offers "Diamond" level memberships. Currently, there are seven diamond schemes available:
 Red for the QQ Show service which features some superficial abilities such as having a colored account name.
 Yellow to obtain extra storage and decorations in Qzone—a blog service.
 Blue to obtain special abilities in the game-plays of QQ games.
 Purple for obtaining special abilities in games including QQ Speed, QQ Nana, and QQ Tang
 Pink for having different boosts in the pet-raising game called QQ Pet.
 Green for using QQ music—a service for users to stream music online.
 VIP for having extra features in the chat client such as removing advertisements
 Black for gaining benefits related to DNF (Dungeon & Fighter), a multiplayer PC beat 'em up video game.

QQ Coin

The QQ Coin is a virtual currency used by QQ users to "purchase" QQ related items for their avatar and blog. Q Coins are obtained either by purchase (one coin for one RMB) or by using the mobile phone service. Due to the popularity of QQ among young people in China, QQ Coins are gradually becoming accepted by online vendors in exchange for "real" merchandise such as small gifts. This has raised concerns of replacing (and thus "inflating") real currency in these transactions. The People's Bank of China, China's central bank, says it is investigating the possibility of cracking down on Q Coins due to people using Q Coins in exchange for real world goods. Tencent claims the QQ Coin is a mere regular commodity, and is, therefore, not a currency.

Q Zone
Qzone is a social networking website based in China which was created by Tencent in 2005. Q Zone is a personal blog for QQ users. It can be set as a public page or a private friend-only page. Users can upload diaries and share photos.

QQ International

Windows

In 2009, QQ began to expand its services internationally with its QQ International client for Windows distributed through a dedicated English-language portal.

QQ International offers non-Mandarin speakers the opportunity to use most of the features of its Chinese counterpart to get in touch with other QQ users via chat, VoIP, and video calls, and it provides a non-Mandarin interface to access Qzone, Tencent's social network. The client supports English, French, Spanish, German, Korean, Japanese and Traditional Chinese.

One of the main features of QQ International is the optional and automatic machine translation in all chats.

Android

An Android version of QQ International was released on September 2013. The client's interface is in English, French, Spanish, German, Korean, Japanese and Traditional Chinese. In addition to text messaging, users can send each other images, videos, and audio media messages. Moreover, users can share multimedia content with all contacts through the client's Qzone interface.

The live translation feature is available for all incoming messages and supports up to 18 languages.

iOS

QQ International for iPhone and iOS devices was released at the end of 2013, fully equivalent to its Android counterpart.

Partnerships

In India, Tencent has partnered with ibibo to bring services such as chat, mail and game to the developing Indian internet sphere.

In Vietnam, Tencent has struck a deal with VinaGame to bring the QQ Casual Gaming portal as well as the QQ Messenger as an addition to the already thriving Vietnamese gaming communities.

In the United States, Tencent has partnered with AOL to bring QQ Games as a contender in the US social gaming market. Launched in 2007, QQ Games came bundled with the AIM installer, and competed with AOL's own games.com to provide a gaming experience for the AIM user base.

Web QQ
Tencent launched its web-based QQ formally on 15 September 2009, the latest version of which being 3.0. Rather than solely a web-based IM, WebQQ 3.0 functions more like its own operating system, with a desktop in which web applications can be added.

Social network website
In 2009, Tencent launched Xiaoyou (校友, 'schoolmate'), its first social network website. In mid-2010, Tencent changed direction and replaced Xiaoyou with Pengyou (朋友, 'friends'), trying to establish a more widespread network, to which extant QQ users could be easily redirected, hence giving Pengyou a major advantage over its competitors. Tencent's social network Qzone is linked to in the International and native versions of QQ.

Open source and cross-platform clients
Using reverse engineering, open source communities have come to understand the QQ protocol better and have attempted to implement client core libraries compatible with more user-friendly clients, free of advertisements. Most of these clients are cross-platform, so they are usable on operating systems which the official client does not support. However, these implementations had only a subset of functions of the official client and therefore were limited in features. Furthermore, QQ's parent company, Tencent, has over successive versions modified the QQ protocol to the extent that it can no longer be supported by most, and perhaps any, of the third-party implementations that were successful in the past (some of which are listed below).  As of 2009, none of the developers of third-party clients have publicized any plans to restore QQ support.

 Pidgin, an open source cross-platform multiprotocol client, with third-party plugin
 Adium, an open source OS X client, with third-party plugin built on top of libqq-pidgin
 Kopete, an open source multiprotocol client designed for KDE
 Note: Kopete, old versions of Pidgin, and any other client whose QQ support was based on libpurple no longer supports QQ as of May 2011
 Miranda IM, an open source multiprotocol client, designed for Microsoft Windows, with MirandaQQ2 plugin.
 Eva

Merchandise
Tencent has taken advantage of the popularity of the QQ brand and has set up many Q-Gen stores selling QQ branded merchandise such as bags, watches, clothing as well as toy penguins.

Related characteristics
 The accounts of QQ are purely a combination of numbers. The account numbers provided for the registered users are selected randomly by the system user registration. In 1995, the registered QQ accounts had only 5 digits, while currently, the digital numbers used for QQ accounts has reached 12. The first QQ number is held by Ma Huateng and his account number is 10001.
 The membership of a QQ account normally lasts for a month. When this membership is overdue and has not been renewed, the said account will be deactivated.
 In relation to calculating "QQ Age", being logged in for 2 full hours would be considered as one full day. Thus, being logged in to QQ for around 700 hours would make the age increase by 1 year. In the 2012 version of QQ, users can see the age on the personal information page.
 In 2004, Tencent launched QQ hierarchy which shows the level of a registered member. At the very beginning, this hierarchy was solely based on the hours a member spent in QQ. Hence, the longer the member stayed, the higher level he can aim.  These results, however, were criticized as people tend to waste electrical energy due to longer hours of stay on the site. Therefore, Tencent changed the basis from an hour unit to a daily unit due to the involvement of several departments.

Controversies and criticisms

Coral QQ

Coral QQ, a modification of Tencent QQ, is another add-on for the software, providing free access to some of the services and blocking Tencent's advertisements. In 2006, Tencent filed a copyright lawsuit against Chen Shoufu (aka Soft), the author of Coral QQ, after his distribution of a modified Tencent QQ was ruled illegal. Chen then published his modification as a separate add-on. On 16 August 2007, Chen was detained again for allegedly making profits off of his ad-blocking add-on. His case is pending at Shenzhen Nanshan district court.

Dispute with Qihoo 360

In 2010, Chinese anti-virus company, Qihoo 360, analyzed the QQ protocol and accused QQ of automatically scanning users' computers and uploading their personal information to QQ's servers without the users' consent. In response, Tencent called 360 a malware and denied users of installing 360 access to some of the QQ's services. The Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information reprimanded both companies for "improper competition" and ordered them to come to an agreement.

Government surveillance
Some observers have criticized QQ's compliance in the Chinese government's Internet surveillance and censorship. A 2013 report by Reporters Without Borders specifically mentioned QQ as allowing authorities to monitor online conversations for keywords or phrases and track participants by their user number.

Adware controversy
The Chinese version of QQ makes use of embedded advertisements. Older versions of the client have been branded as malicious adware by some antivirus and anti-spyware vendors.

Both the Chinese and International versions of QQ had been tested.

Security

On March 6, 2015, QQ scored 2 out of 7 points on the Electronic Frontier Foundation's secure messaging scorecard. It received points for having communications encrypted in transit and for having a recent independent security audit. It lost points because communications are not end-to-end encrypted, users can't verify contacts' identities, past messages are not secure if the encryption keys are stolen (i.e. the service does not provide forward secrecy), the code is not open to independent review (i.e. the code is not open-source), and the security design is not properly documented.

See also
 Comparison of instant messaging clients
 WeChat

References

External links

  QQ Portal
  QQ International
  Tencent's first offering in the United States
  Tencent QQ services overview

Category:Android (operating system) software
Category:IOS software
Category:Windows instant messaging clients
Category:Symbian instant messaging clients
Category:Internet technology companies of China
Category:Tencent
Category:Cross-platform software
Category:Digital currencies
Category:Instant messaging clients


American Dream Miami

American Dream Miami is a proposed megamall and entertainment complex intended for Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States, which will become the largest shopping mall in America. The project is being developed by Triple Five Group, owners of three of North America's largest malls, American Dream Meadowlands, West Edmonton Mall and Mall of America. The project shares its branding with American Dream Meadowlands in New Jersey.

Development
The proposed location of American Dream Miami is part of the Everglades region of Florida, near Everglades National Park but within Miami-Dade County's Urban Development Boundary. The site was first dredged in the 1920s and used as a dairy farm by Ernest "Cap" Graham, a farmer who was later elected to the Florida State Senate. Graham also founded the Graham Companies, which owns hundreds of acres of real estate in the area and developed the town of Miami Lakes. After the Graham family stopped running the dairy in the 1950s, the site became vacant wetlands and remains one of the few large undeveloped areas within the Urban Development Boundary.

Triple Five announced its plans for the site in March 2015, having been in the planning phase with governmental involvement for at least a year before the announcement. It was originally known as "Americana World", but the name was changed to match its sister project before plans were unveiled. Within the month, the board of county commissioners approved Triple Five's plan to purchase state land for construction. Another preliminary county board vote in January 2017 gave tentative and almost unanimous approval to the project. On May 17, 2018, the county board gave final approval to the commercial zoning for the site, allowing Triple Five to begin obtaining the permits needed for construction. The project will not receive any taxpayer funding through the county.

The complex will include 2,000 hotel rooms and luxury condominiums. A related project by the Graham Companies plans to create 2,000 apartment units, additional retail spaces, and  of office space in a complex that will be finished by 2040. Like Triple Five's other malls, American Dream Miami will feature several major attractions as part of its entertainment complex, including:

 an amusement park
 a water park with an indoor beach
 a Ferris wheel
 a Legoland Discovery Center
 an ice rink
 an indoor ski slope
 a sea lion park
 an artificial lake offering submarine rides.

As of May 2019, construction has not yet begun, pending regulatory approval of the project. The mall's proponents argue that it will create jobs, contribute billions of dollars to the local economy, and provide convenient entertainment to Miami residents. Opponents of the plan are concerned that development will hurt the nearby Everglades National Park, that it will create significant traffic problems, and that the retail market in the region is already oversaturated. The government of neighboring Broward County is considering a lawsuit against the project, arguing that Miami-Dade County underestimates the potential impact on Broward County traffic. American Dream was originally projected to open as early as 2020, but the opening date has been pushed back to 2022 while waiting for approval.

The debate over construction of the mall became an issue in the Democratic primary of the 2018 Florida gubernatorial election, as candidate Gwen Graham was criticized by environmentalists, progressives, and UNITE HERE for her ties to the project. Graham, the granddaughter of Ernest Graham and daughter of Senator Bob Graham, was a member of the Graham Companies board of directors until she resigned upon election to Congress in 2015, and continues to receive payments from the company that make up the majority of her personal wealth.

References

Category:Shopping malls in Miami-Dade County, Florida
Category:Indoor ski resorts
Category:Buildings and structures under construction in the United States
Category:Buildings and structures in Miami-Dade County, Florida
Category:Tourist attractions in Miami-Dade County, Florida


Todd Crag

Todd Crag is a hill and a satellite peak of Loughrigg Fell at 224 m (735 ft) it is not classed as a fell but is a vantage point near Ambleside

Topography
The hill is surrounded with other mountains to the north and north west and to the south Windermere water. To the East is Ambleside and other eastern fells. It is not to be confused with the Todd Crag which lies between the Bannisdale Beck and the Longsleddle valley.

Ambleside
A very sinister looking hill with its Eastern and Southern flanks covered by trees leading into a grasslands towards the rocky outcrop on top with its sharp and spiky rocks that look like teeth or fangs. After the summit there is a slight depression as the ridge continues towards Loughrigg Fell.

Clappersgate (A593)
There is not much of a view apart from trees leading up from the A593 past the grand houses and just sticking up is The Tarn Tor Crags.

Wrey Castle and the B5286
The entire South Flank, including the summit and the rest of the tarn tor crags, can be viewed here.

Geology
The geology on the hill is made up of dacitic welded lapilli-tuff and volcaniclastic sandstone and other Lakeland rocks that surround the area.

Ascent
The ascent starts at Rothey Park the route then follows the road over the bridge. When you get to the cattlerids take a sharp left up the steep road. The route then follows this road until it gets to a wall with slate stear where the woods start. The route turns left going through the wood and over the bridge. It follows the path up to the style (the style has been removed) where the route get the first glips of the rocky outcrop that is sean from Ambleside, This means the start of the Tarn Tor Crags.

Summit
At the summit are impressive views of Windemere and the other valleys. The summit is the second Crag it is marked by a small cairn which will be replaced with a better marker in the near future.

References

^ British Geological Survey: 1:50,000 series, sheet 38: BGS (1998)

^ a b Wainwright, A (1958). A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells, Book 3 The Central Fells. Westmorland Gazette.

^ a b Mark Richards: The Central Fells: Collins (2003):

Category:Marilyns of England


The Tea Party discography

This is the discography for Canadian hard rock group The Tea Party.

Albums

Studio albums

EPs

Compilation albums

Live albums

Demos

Singles

Music videos
 "Let Me Show You the Door", 1991 (Scott Souliere and Stuart Grant – filmed in Windsor and Detroit)
 "The River", 1993 (Floria Sigismondi – Toronto)
 "Save Me", 1993 (Floria Sigismondi – Toronto)
 "A Certain Slant of Light", 1994 (Floria Sigismondi – Sydney)
 "Shadows on the Mountainside", 1995 (George Vail – Paris, Ontario)
 "Fire in the Head", 1995 (Dean Karr – Los Angeles)
 "The Bazaar", 1995 (George Vail – Istanbul)
 "Sister Awake", 1996 (Curtis Wehrfritz – Toronto)
 "Temptation", 1997 (Tyran George – Toronto)
 "Babylon", 1997 (Tyran George – Toronto)
 "Release", 1998 (Ulf Buddensieck – Paris and Toronto)
 "Psychopomp", 1998 (Adam Kowalchuk – live on MuchMusic, Toronto)
 "Heaven Coming Down", 1999 (Ulf Buddensieck – Toronto)
 "The Messenger", 1999 (George Vail – Toronto)
 "Walking Wounded", 2000 (George Vail – Havana)
 "Lullaby", 2001 (Don Allan and Miroslav Bazak – Toronto)
 "Angels", 2001 (Craig Bernard – Toronto)
 "Writing's on the Wall", 2004 (Stuart Chatwood and Stephen Scott – Toronto)
 "Stargazer", 2004 (Don Allan – Toronto)
 "Oceans", 2005 (Stuart Chatwood, Jaimie Webster and Jonathon Corbiére – animated by York University students)
 "The Black Sea", 2014 (Tim Smith – Melbourne)
 "Water's On Fire", 2014
 "The Ocean At The End", 2015 (George Vale – Toronto)

Videography
Illuminations (2001), certified platinum in Canada
Live: Intimate & Interactive (2007)

References

Category:Discographies of Canadian artists


Tammareddy

Tammareddy is an Indian surname.
 Tammareddy Krishna Murthy is a Telugu film producer and winner of the Raghupathi Venkaiah Award.
 Tammareddy Bharadwaja is a Telugu film director.
 Tammareddy Chalapathi Rao is a Telugu character actor.


Theresa Ulmer

Theresa Ulmer (born February 26, 1962) was a member of the Arizona House of Representatives for a single term. She represented the 24th District during the 48th Legislature, winning the November 2006 election. She lost to Russell Jones during the general election during her unsuccessful re-election bid in 2008.

References

Category:Arizona Democrats
Category:Members of the Arizona House of Representatives
Category:1962 births
Category:Living people
Category:21st-century American politicians
Category:21st-century American women politicians


Jack Colreavy

Jack Colreavy (born 15 June 1989) is an Australian long distance runner. He competed in the men's marathon at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics.

References

External links

Category:1989 births
Category:Living people
Category:Australian male long-distance runners
Category:Australian male marathon runners
Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for Australia
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)


Stephen Herdsman

Stephen Herdsman (born October 6, 1975 in Kingston, Jamaica), is a former American soccer defender now coaching three time national champion Midwest United FC of Grand Rapids, MI. As well now coaching for Cornerstone University of the NAIA of Grand Rapids, MI.

Career
Herdsman played college soccer at Cornerstone University until 2000, while also playing in the Premier Development League with the West Michigan Edge.

Herdsman was drafted 17th overall in the 2001 MLS SuperDraft by the Colorado Rapids.  With his blazing speed, Herdsman earned a spot on the team as an outside back, starting 16 games for the Rapids as a rookie.  He saw his playing time decline in 2002, however, starting only 9 games, although he started all five of the Rapids' playoff games.  After playing in only three games in the 2003 season, however, Herdsman announced his retirement from professional soccer, reportedly due to personality conflicts with Rapids head coach Tim Hankinson. Steve also retired from the MLS because of an injury to his leg. Steve is now a Director with Midwest United FC.

After finishing the season with the West Michigan Edge, Herdsman's rights were traded from the Rapids to the Columbus Crew, and he switched teams.  Although he began the season as a starting outside back for the Crew, Herdsman lost his spot to Nelson Akwari and Chris Wingert, and ended the season having appeared in only eight games. After playing in just seven games in 2005, he was released.

In 2009, Herdsman signed with the Michigan Bucks of the USL Premier Development League.

In 2016, Herdsman was named in NPSL side Grand Rapids FC's roster, but did not appear once.

References

Category:1975 births
Category:American soccer players
Category:Colorado Rapids players
Category:Columbus Crew SC players
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Coral Springs, Florida
Category:West Michigan Edge players
Category:USL League Two players
Category:Major League Soccer players
Category:Colorado Rapids draft picks
Category:Association football defenders


Straightaway Glacier

Straightaway Glacier, also known as Crosson Glacier, is a glacier in Denali National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. The glacier begins in the Alaska Range on the north side of Mount Crosson, moving northwest. It is a source of the Foraker River.

See also
 List of glaciers

Cited references

Category:Glaciers of Denali Borough, Alaska
Category:Glaciers of Denali National Park and Preserve
Category:Glaciers of Alaska


Prakash Budhathoki

Prakash Budhathoki () (born 21 May 1993) is a Nepali footballer from Dharan-27, Patnali, Sunsari who currently plays for New Road Teamas a midfielder.

International career
Budhathoki played his first official international game with the senior national team on 31 August 2013 in the 2013 SAFF Championship against Bangladesh (2–0), where he played the second half as he came in as a substitute for Jagjit Shrestha. He scored a free kick in SAG 2016 final against India in Guwahati.

Club career
He has started his club career from Friends Club in 2011. And then moved to Three Star Clubtin 1-year contract. Inhe 2013 AFC President's Cup group stages in a match against Taiwan Power Company on 11 May Budhathoki scored to give the Three Star Club a 2-0 lead. Taiwan Power Company would come back to draw 2-2 but the Three Star Club would still advance to the second round.

References

External links

Category:1993 births
Category:Living people
Category:Nepalese footballers
Category:Nepal international footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Footballers at the 2014 Asian Games
Category:Three Star Club players
Category:People from Dharan
Category:Asian Games competitors for Nepal


WHKR

WHKR (102.7 FM, "Nash FM 102.7") is a country music radio station serving the Space Coast, but the signal is strong enough to serve parts of the Orlando metropolitan area. It is owned by Cumulus Media. It is one of the 3 country stations that serve the Space Coast, the other two being WIXC AM 1060, whose transmitter is located in Mims, Florida, and WWKA (Transmitter located outside the Space Coast). WHKR's transmitter is located near Cocoa, at .

Previously known as "WHKR 102.7 The HitKicker", on July 3, 2013 at 3pm, after playing "Parking Lot Party" by Lee Brice, WHKR aired a brief stunt sequence along with the top-of-the-hour station ID, and then joined Cumulus's nationally growing country brand as "Nash FM 102.7 Melbourne". The first song on "Nash" was Randy Houser's How Country Feels, the first song on all new Nash FM stations up to that point.

External links

HKR
Category:Cumulus Media radio stations
Category:1989 establishments in Florida
Category:Radio stations established in 1989