Scott Schwenter

Scott A. Schwenter is Professor of Hispanic Linguistics at The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, where he has taught since 1999. He is a variationist morphosyntactician and pragmaticist, whose research addresses grammatical issues in both Spanish and Portuguese. His work has included both experimental and corpus-based approaches, making use of multivariate statistical analysis to examine broad-scale patterns across different varieties of Spanish and Portuguese.

Schwenter's research interests center around the contextual conditioning of linguistic variables and speakers' choice between variants to express meanings. He has presented and published extensively on (double) negation, imperatives, pronominal objects, second-person plural address forms, and the effects of persistence on convalescing forms.

Schwenter attended Traverse City Senior High, graduating in 1986. He then went on to earn his BA in Spanish and Sociology (summa cum laude) from Saginaw Valley State University in University Center, Michigan in 1990. Three years later, Schwenter earned his MA in Linguistics from the University of New Mexico. In 1995, he received a fellowship to attend the Linguistic Society of America Summer Institute at the University of New Mexico. In 1998, he graduated with a PhD in Linguistics from Stanford University, where he was a student of Penelope Eckert, Eve Clark, and Elizabeth Traugott.

Schwenter worked from 1998 to 1999 as an Assistant Professor of Linguistics in the Department of English at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana. In 2001, he served as a Visiting Instructor for the Linguistic Society of America Summer Institute at the University of California in Santa Barbara.

Presentations and Publications

Schwenter has published three books, including his doctoral dissertation Pragmatics of conditional marking: Implicature, scalarity, and exclusivity (1999). He has also published scholarly articles in Linguistics, Language Variation and Change, Lingua, Journal of Pragmatics, Journal of Historical Pragmatics, Hispania, Hispanic Linguistics, etc. He has presented at academic conferences such as Berkeley Linguistics Society, Chicago Linguistic Society, New Ways of Analyzing Variation, Hispanic Linguistics Symposium, Sociolinguistics Symposium, Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics, etc.

Schwenter also currently serves as Associate Editor of the journal Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

References

Category:Linguists from the United States
Category:Pragmaticists
Category:1968 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Traverse City, Michigan
Category:Ohio State University faculty
Category:Saginaw Valley State University alumni
Category:Ball State University faculty


Richard Field (politician)

Richard Charles Field (5 November 1866 – 26 January 1961) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Westbury in Tasmania, the son of Thomas Field. In 1909 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as an Anti-Socialist member for Wilmot. He was defeated in 1912. Field died in Launceston in 1961.

References

Category:1866 births
Category:1961 deaths
Category:Free Trade Party politicians
Category:Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly


Jadro

The Jadro is a watercourse in Dalmatia, Croatia that discharges to the Adriatic Sea.  The upper reaches of the Jadro River, as well as its source, Jadro Spring,  are protected as an ichthyological nature reserve, partly due to the presence of an endemic species of soft-mouthed trout.  The headwaters of the Jadro River were the original water supply for the ancient city comprised by Diocletian's Palace (now an area within the present day city of Split). Contemporary studies indicate favourable water quality levels of the river near the headwaters at Jadro Spring.

The Jadro flows through the town of Solin and has a length of approximately four kilometres' moreover, the river  provides water to the cities of Split, Kaštela and Trogir. People from Solin also call it Solinska rika.

Salmo obtusirostris salonitana is an endemic trout species living in this river, which is currently endangered by the rainbow trout.

References

Bibliography

Category:Rivers of Croatia
Category:Landforms of Split-Dalmatia County
Category:Drainage basins of the Adriatic Sea


Eureka Shipyard

Eureka Shipyard was located on the Hudson River in Newburgh, New York. This shipyard built a number of ships for the United States Navy and Liberty/Cargo ships during World War II. Commercial vessels were also built here.

References

Category:Hudson River
Category:Buildings and structures in Orange County, New York
Category:Shipyards of New York (state)


Trevillet

Trevillet or Trevillett is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is located within the civil parish of Tintagel, to the east of Bossiney village.

Trevillet was the site of a mansion built in the 16th century by Thomas Wood of Lew Trenchard in Devon. His son John became member of Parliament for the borough of Bossiney in the parliaments of 1614 and 1621–22 and died in 1623. The Trevillet slate quarry is nearby. In Rocky Valley (the valley of the Trevillet River) are two mills; Trevillet Mill is now a private residence and was made famous by an 1851 painting by Thomas Creswick.

Aelnat's cross which was found at Trevillet and then moved to Trevena, is finely carved. The inscription can be read as 'Aelnat fecit hanc crucem pro anima sua' (Ælnat made this cross for [the good of] his soul) (the back of the stone has the names of the four evangelists): the name of this man is Saxon (together with Alfwy mentioned in 1086 he is the only Anglo-Saxon recorded in connection with the area).

Trevillet Quarry was the largest slate quarry in Tintagel and at its height of activity employed 200 men. The saw house where the slate was cut up became the Maybridge Chemical Works after the closure of the quarry.

References

Category:Hamlets in Cornwall
Category:Tintagel


Bearded lupine

Bearded lupine is a common name for several flowering plants and may refer to:

Lupinus barbiger, native to Utah and Arizona
Lupinus latifolius var. barbatus, native to California and Oregon


Dagkolany

Dagkolany is a village in the Shamakhi Rayon of Azerbaijan.

External links

Category:Populated places in Shamakhi District


Sailing at the 2015 Pacific Games

Sailing at the 2015 Pacific Games was held at Port Moresby from 5–11 July 2015. The regatta was hosted by Royal Papua Yacht Club in Konedobu, with men's, women's and team events taking place on the Konebada course. Equipment classes were the Laser and Laser Radial dinghies, and the Hobie 16 catamaran.

Sailors from Australia and New Zealand were invited to compete at the Pacific games for the first time.

Medal summary

Medal table

Results

See also
 Sailing at the Pacific Games

References

Category:2015 Pacific Games
Pacific Games
2015
Category:Sailing competitions in Papua New Guinea


Don Ranson

Don Ranson is an Australian archaeologist who played an important role in the discovery and recognition of the antiquity of Aboriginal archaeology in Tasmania. This discovery has been documented in many subsequent histories of Tasmanian Archaeology, including that dedicated to the expedition itself, as well as video documentaries of the find.

Ranson was born in Sheffield, England,  subsequently migrating to Australia and completing his PhD in 1978 on the excavation of one hut depression in a cluster of three at Sundown Point, Tasmania.

Ranson was one of the people credited with the discovery of Fraser Cave (later renamed Kutikina Cave), with Rhys Jones in Tasmania's West Coast, which established the Pleistocene occupation of the Tasmanian highlands.

In the 1990s he was senior archaeologist with the Department of Parks, Wildlife and Heritage Tasmania. He has most recently been with the Aboriginal Heritage Office, in the Cultural Heritage Branch, DPIWE, Tasmania.

Ranson was also a pioneer of the application of remote sensing techniques for the discovery of archaeological sites in Australia, one example being applied to the Aboriginal burials at Wybellina.

Selected publications

 A preliminary examination of prehistoric coastal settlement at Nelson Bay, West coast of Tasmania  1978-09
 New evidence from Fraser Cave for glacial age man in south-west Tasmania, Nature 1983.
 A teacher's guide to archaeology. Smith, Andrew & Ranson, Don & Morrison, Richard & Tasmania. Department of Lands, Parks and Wildlife (1987).

References

Category:Australian archaeologists
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)


XEEW

Two radio stations in Matamoros, Tamaulipas bear the callsign XEEW:

XEEW-AM 1420, "W1420"
XEEW-FM 97.7, "Los 40 Principales"


Ismaël Kip

Ismaël Kip (born  May 6, 1987 in Zwolle) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist.

Career wins
2004
National Championship, Track, Pursuit, Juniors, The Netherlands, Alkmaar (NED)
2007
ZLM Tour
2008
UIV Cup Rotterdam, U23 (NED)

External links

Category:1987 births
Category:Living people
Category:Dutch male cyclists
Category:Dutch track cyclists
Category:Sportspeople from Zwolle
Category:Sportspeople from Overijssel


1997 Copenhagen Open

The 1997 Copenhagen Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the K.B. Hallen in Copenhagen, Denmark and was part of the World Series of the 1997 ATP Tour. It was the ninth edition of the tournament and ran from 10 March until 16 March 1997. Thomas Johansson won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 Thomas Johansson defeated  Martin Damm, 6–4, 3–6, 6–2.
 It was Johansson's 1st title of the year and the 1st of his career.

Doubles

 Andrei Olhovskiy /  Brett Steven defeated  Kenneth Carlsen /  Frederik Fetterlein, 6–4, 6–2.
 It was Olhovskiy's 1st title of the year and the 18th of his career. It was Steven's 1st title of the year and the 6th of his career.

References

Copenhagen Open
Category:Copenhagen Open


Parectopa lithocolletina

Parectopa lithocolletina is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Colombia.

References

Category:Gracillariinae


Zain Abbas (cricketer, born 1991)

Zain Abbas (born 2 November 1991) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer who plays for Khan Research Laboratories. In April 2018, he was named in Punjab's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. In September 2019, he was named in Southern Punjab's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament.

References

External links

Category:1991 births
Category:Living people
Category:Pakistani cricketers
Category:Khan Research Laboratories cricketers
Category:Sindh cricketers
Category:Cricketers from Khanewal


Chief E. O. Ashamu

Chief Emmanuel Oyedele Ashamu (Chief E. O. Ashamu) was a wealthy land owner and Oyo chief who was prominent in the Nigerian business sector during the 1960s - 90s. He was a pharmacist by training and was the owner of Industrial Chemists Ltd, Lagos. He rose to become one of the most prominent businessmen in Africa, with interests in agriculture, banking, transportation and real estate.

Early life and education
Chief Ashamu was born on 14 August 1924, to Chief Agbankin Ashamu of Oyo, a Yoruba tribal chief in Western Nigeria. He attended Durbar School, Oyo, and the Grammar School, Ilesha. He later studied Pharmacy at Yaba Higher College, graduating in 1951.

Business career
He started work with the Nigerian government as a pharmacist at the Orthopaedic Hospital, he later left and joined Lion Chemists as a manager. In 1954, he became the managing director of Industrial Chemists in Lagos. Chief Ashamu was a pharmacist by training and was later the owner of Industrial Chemists Ltd, Lagos, among many other prosperous businesses.

He was board director of Oke-Afa Farms, Oyo Feeds Corporation and the Nigerian Explosives and Plastic Company, all of which he had majority shareholding. He was also the owner of Igbeti Marbles: there are two types of marble available in Igbeti; the pure white marble and the gray white marble. Both are of very high quality with about 98% purity. The Ashamu marble deposit extends up to 25 km sq.

In the 60s, he delved into the real estate sector and was involved in land development including Ire Akari estate, Alausa Lagos and many areas of the Yoruba land. His landed property spanned across Nigeria, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.

Agriculture
Ashamu established Oke Afa farms in 1970 which was the largest poultry in the Nigeria and also Oyo Feeds and Premier Farms; at the height of the business, it employed up to 1,000 people. Premier Farms specialised in Maize plantation at its Okaka Farm, Ikoyi, Igbo-Ora, Oyo state, with much of the produce sold to Oyo Feeds which turned it to Animal feed and sold much of it to Oke Afa farms. Oke Afa then sold commercial meat and chicken to eateries and the military. However, by the late 1970s, the agro-business ventures were hampered by import restrictions that curtailed the availability of feed ingredients.

Later years
A devout Christian, Chief Ashamu was the patriarch of a large extended family and known as a revered leader in his community. Chief Ashamu died on 20 August 1992. At his time of death he had an estimated net worth of $50 million US Dollars. He was survived by many children and grandchildren.

References

Category:1924 births
Category:1992 deaths
Category:Yoruba businesspeople
Category:20th-century Nigerian businesspeople
Category:Nigerian landowners
Category:Nigerian Christians
Category:Nigerian pharmacists
Category:Nigerian real estate businesspeople
Category:Yaba Higher College alumni


National Guard of Georgia

The National Guard of Georgia (NG, , sak'art'velos erovnuli gvardia) is a branch of the Defense Forces of Georgia. It is tasked with responding to external threats, civil disturbances, and natural disasters. The GNG is also responsible for the mobilization of reservists.

History

The GNG was established on December 20, 1990 after President Zviad Gamsakhurdia ordered the creation of what is now the Defense Forces of Georgia and held the first military parade on Boris Paichadze Stadium. Tengiz Kitovani was appointed as the head of GNG.

GNG was mainly manned by volunteers and more experienced Georgian officers who were serving in Soviet Armies at the time and returned to Georgia to serve in the newly created Georgian Land Forces. Thus, it became the first national military formation in then-Soviet Georgia which would later provide the basis for the regular armed forces.

Almost from its birth, the National Guard became directly involved in Georgian politics. In August 1991, soon after its foundation, the GNG was split between supporters of Gamsakhurdia and Kitovani. The split happened after Kitovani announced that the president was about to dissolve the National Guard. Kitovani and his supporters left the barracks and took up positions near Tbilisi. They joined Prime Minister Tengiz Sigua and the paramilitary leader Jaba Ioseliani during the Georgian Civil War which began in December 1991. The remaining parts of the GNG retained their loyalty towards Gamsakhurdia.

Units of the National Guard were a major paramilitary force to have fought in the Georgian Civil War, South Ossetian and Abkhazian conflicts in the early 1990s.

Modern Guard
Following US EUCOM recommendations, new roles, functions, and structure were assigned to the National Guard. Since the 2000s, the GNG does not include military units and is rather focused on a reserve system and support of the civil government during crisis. As of January 2007, the National Guard of Georgia consisted of 554 veteran personnel

Structure

The National Guard of Georgia is composed of:

 Headquarters of the National Guard
 Personnel Department
 Intelligence Department
 Operational Planning Department
 Logistics Department
 Stratigic Planning Department
 Civil Defense Service
 Staff Company
 Security Company
 1st Infantry Brigade (Senaki)
 2nd Infantry Brigade (Telavi)
 Honour Guard Company
 Military Band of the National Guard

Missions

The main missions of National Guard are:

 Support civil government in crisis situations (natural, technological, ecological);
 Register mobilization resources, study and deliver;
 Convene, select and man of citizens on the basis of the agreement, for the units, subunits and bases of the Armed Forces;
 Provide ceremonial activities through the Guard of Honour and the military band.

See also
 Georgian Armed Forces
 National Guard
 Ministry of Defense of Georgia
 Military Band of the National Guard of Georgia

References

External links

 The National Guard website

Category:Military of Georgia (country)
Category:Military units and formations of Georgia (country)
Category:Military units and formations established in 1990
Category:1990 establishments in Georgia (country)
Category:Guards of honour


LFG Roland Pfeilflieger

The LFG Roland Pfeilflieger, (Arrow-flyer), was a German swept wing, single engine, two seat biplane built in Germany in 1914.  It made one distinguished long duration flight and served in colonial German South-West Africa.

Design and development

Just before World War I the term Pfeilflieger was used to describe a category of biplanes with swept back wings, a feature adopted to provide some automatic stability.  At least six other manufacturers (Ago, DFW, Harlan, Lohner Daimler, Sommer and Union) as well as LFG designed and built them, though some had less sweep than others. Most had Pfeilflieger in their name.

The LFG Arrow was amongst the more strongly swept of the class.  It had wings of unequal span, with ailerons only on the overhung upper planes.  There was marked  dihedral on the lower wing but none on the upper.  With three pairs of long interplane struts on each side, the LFG was a three bay biplane with a large interplane gap.  It could be powered either by a  Mercedes D.I water cooled six cylinder inline engine or by a four-cylinder inline Argus As I engine of the same output.  The Argus engined version had a span reduced by , 81% of the wing area and a slightly longer fuselage.

The fuselage was flat sided and rectangular in section, with the engine exposed in the nose and the passenger/observer's cockpit immediately behind it. In some engine installations the radiator was mounted along the fuselage side, with this cockpit between them.  The pilot's cockpit, fitted like the passenger's with a celluloid windscreen, was much further aft at about mid-fuselage with the main fuel tank between them.  Because the LFG had a very broad chord, low aspect ratio horizontal tail of the sort known at the time as "Taube type", he sat not far in front of its leading edge. The tailplane carried an undivided elevator. There was a triangular fin and a high, rounded and balanced rudder.  The Arrow had a fixed, conventional undercarriage with V-form struts, their leading members bent round into short skids laterally connected by a rod to which the wheels, on their single axle, were joined via rubber shock absorbers.

Operational history

Before the outbreak of World War I Bernard Langer flew a Roland Pfeilflieger, equipped with a Mercedes engine and extra tankage in place of the passenger, on a non-stop sixteen-hour flight. During the war at least one LFG Roland Pfeilflieger served with the Schutztruppe (Protection Force) in German South-West Africa, now Namibia between 1914 and 1915.

Variants
Mercedes D.I engine as described
Argus As I engine span ; length ; wing area

Specifications (with Mercedes D.I engine)

References

Category:Biplanes
Category:1910s German aircraft
Roland Arrow
Category:Aircraft first flown in 1914
Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft


Shakmagia

Shakmagia (Jewelry Box in English) is an Egyptian comic book. The title can be translated as "the Jewelry Box", and is considered a burgeoning example of free expression in Egypt.

See also

 List of feminist comic books
 Portrayal of women in comics

References

Category:2014 comics debuts
Category:Comics about women
Category:Egyptian comics


Tareelaroi Weir

The Tareelaroi Weir is a weir across the Gwydir River, located in the North West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. The principal purpose of the weir is to mitigate the flow of water, especially in times of peak flows. The impounded reservoir is also called the Tareelaroi Weir.

Location and features
The Tareelaroi Weir is located  east of the town of Moree, and around  west of the village of Pallamallawa. The siting of the weir is downriver from the confluence of the Gwydir and Mehi Rivers. In times of major flooding, Tareelaroi Weir can be rendered useless as floodwater simply flows around it on the surrounding floodplain.

When full, Tareelaroi Weir reservoir holds  of water.

Tareelaroi Weir is owned by the State Water Corporation of New South Wales. The reservoir is used for fishing and water-skiing; and is a popular picnic and barbecue location.

References

Category:Dams in New South Wales
Category:North West Slopes
Category:Murray-Darling basin
Category:Weirs


Master of Borsigliana

The Master of Borsigliana, also known as Pietro da Talada (active 1463-1499) was an Italian painter active in the Garfagnana, the mountainous corner of modern Tuscany, located north-east of Lucca.

Biography
Almost no details are known about his life. He is a provincial painter who mixes influences from both the Tuscan Quattrocento and late Gothic period. He is known from pieces derived from a few religious paintings and predellas, including a triptych at the church of Santa Maria Assunta, Borsigliana and a painting at Santa Maria Assunta at Stazzema. There is a painting of an enthroned Madonna at the Museo Nazionale of Villa Guinigi in Lucca.

References

External links

Category:15th-century Italian painters
Category:Tuscan painters
Category:Gothic painters


Norm Peach

Norm Peach is an American bassist from Utica, New York who was a member of Earthstar during the late 1970s.  He also played with Dennis Rea and Daniel Zongrone in Zuir prior to joining Earthstar.  He appeared on two Earthstar albums: Salterbarty Tales (1978) and ''French Skyline (1979).

Notes

References
Album liner notes
Discogs Norm Peach  Retrieved October 28, 2007.

Category:American bass guitarists
Category:Earthstar (band) members
Category:Musicians from New York (state)
Category:Living people
Category:Guitarists from New York (state)
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)


Carl Gustaf Roos

Carl Gustaf Roos (before 1705, Carl Gustaf Roos af Hjelmsäter; 1655–1722) was a friherre and Major General of the Carolean Swedish Army.

After his military education in a foreign army – according to the custom of that time – Carl Gustaf Roos participated in Charles XI of Sweden's war against Denmark. After Charles XII's accession to the Swedish throne he served the new king in battle. Roos distinguished himself at the battle of Narva in 1700 and was promoted to colonel, as well as head of the Närke-Värmland Regiment in 1701.

Roos was elevated to friherre in 1705. He had until then had the cognomen Roos af Hjelmsäter, but after his elevation became known simply as "Roos".

In 1706 Roos was promoted to Major General and participated as such in the battle of Poltava on 28 June 1709. During the course of this battle he was captured, and was later taken to Moscow as a prisoner. Roos died in 1722 on his way home from his release from captivity after the 1721 treaty of Nystad.

Roos was the father of friherre Axel Erik Roos (1684-1765), who also participated in the Great Northern War.

References

Category:Swedish nobility
Category:1655 births
Category:1722 deaths
Category:Caroleans
Category:Swedish military personnel of the Great Northern War
Category:Swedish generals
Category:Battle of Poltava
Category:Swedish prisoners of war
Category:Prisoners of war held by Russia


Boiling frog

The boiling frog is a fable describing a frog being slowly boiled alive. The premise is that if a frog is put suddenly into boiling water, it will jump out, but if the frog is put in tepid water which is then brought to a boil slowly, it will not perceive the danger and will be cooked to death. The story is often used as a metaphor for the inability or unwillingness of people to react to or be aware of sinister threats that arise gradually rather than suddenly.

While some 19th-century experiments suggested that the underlying premise is true if the heating is sufficiently gradual, according to contemporary biologists the premise is false: a frog that is gradually heated will jump out. Indeed, thermoregulation by changing location is a fundamentally necessary survival strategy for frogs and other ectotherms.

As metaphor

The boiling frog story is generally offered as a metaphor cautioning people to be aware of even gradual change lest they suffer eventual undesirable consequences. It may be invoked in support of a slippery slope argument as a caution against creeping normality. It is also used in business to reinforce that change needs to be gradual to be accepted. Oppositely, the expression "boiling frog syndrome" is sometimes used as shorthand to invoke the pitfalls of standing pat.

The story has been retold many times and used to illustrate widely varying viewpoints. Among them: in 1960 about sympathy towards the Soviet Union during the Cold War; in 1980 about the impending collapse of civilization anticipated by survivalists; in the 1990s about inaction in response to climate change and staying in abusive relationships. It has also been used by libertarians to warn about slow erosion of civil rights.

In the 1996 novel The Story of B, environmentalist author Daniel Quinn spends a chapter on the metaphor of the boiling frog, using it to describe human history, population growth and food surplus. Pierce Brosnan's character Harry Dalton mentioned it in the 1997 disaster movie Dante's Peak in reference to the accumulating warning signs of the volcano's reawakening. Al Gore used a version of the story in a New York Times op ed, in his presentations and the 2006 movie An Inconvenient Truth to describe ignorance about global warming. In the movie version the frog is rescued before it is harmed. This use of the story was referenced by writer/director Jon Cooksey in the title of his 2010 comedic documentary How to Boil a Frog.

Law professor and legal commentator Eugene Volokh commented in 2003 that regardless of the behavior of real frogs, the boiling frog story is useful as a metaphor, comparing it to the metaphor of an ostrich with its head in the sand. Economics Nobel laureate and New York Times op-ed writer Paul Krugman used the story as a metaphor in a July 2009 column, while pointing out that real frogs behave differently. Journalist James Fallows has been advocating since 2006 for people to stop retelling the story, describing it as a "stupid canard" and a "myth". After Krugman's column appeared, however, he declared "peace on the boiled frog front" and said that using the story is acceptable if the writer points out that it is not literally true.

In philosophy
In philosophy the boiling frog story has been used as a way of explaining the sorites paradox. It describes a hypothetical heap of sand from which individual grains are removed one at a time, and asks if there is a specific point when it can no longer be defined as a heap.

Experiments and analysis
During the 19th century, several experiments were performed to observe the reaction of frogs to slowly heated water. In 1869, while doing experiments searching for the location of the soul, German physiologist Friedrich Goltz demonstrated that a frog that has had its brain removed will remain in slowly heated water, but an intact frog attempted to escape the water when it reached 25 °C.

Other 19th-century experiments were purported to show that frogs did not attempt to escape gradually heated water. An 1872 experiment by Heinzmann was said to show that a normal frog would not attempt to escape if the water was heated slowly enough, which was corroborated in 1875 by Fratscher.

In 1888, William Thompson Sedgwick said that the apparent contradiction between the results of these experiments was a consequence of different heating rates used in the experiments: "The truth appears to be that if the heating be sufficiently gradual, no reflex movements will be produced even in the normal frog; if it be more rapid, yet take place at such a rate as to be fairly called 'gradual', it will not secure the response of the normal frog under any circumstances". Goltz had raised the temperature of the water from 17.5 °C to 56 °C in about ten minutes, or 3.8 °C per minute, in his experiment, whereas Heinzmann heated the frogs over the course of 90 minutes from about 21 °C to 37.5 °C, a rate of less than 0.2 °C per minute. In "On the Variation of Reflex Excitability in the Frog induced by changes of Temperature" (1882) Sedgwick writes: "in one experiment by Scripture the temperature was raised at a rate of 0.002°C per second, and the frog was found dead at the end of 2½ hours without having moved."

Modern scientific sources report that the alleged phenomenon is not real. In 1995, Douglas Melton, a biologist at Harvard University, said, "If you put a frog in boiling water, it won't jump out. It will die. If you put it in cold water, it will jump before it gets hot—they don't sit still for you." George R. Zug, curator of reptiles and amphibians at the National Museum of Natural History, also rejected the suggestion, saying that "If a frog had a means of getting out, it certainly would get out." In 2002 Victor H. Hutchison, a retired zoologist at the University of Oklahoma with a research interest in thermal relations of amphibians, said that "The legend is entirely incorrect!" He described how a critical thermal maximum for many frog species has been determined by contemporary research experiments: as the water is heated by about 2 °F, or 1.1 °C, per minute, the frog becomes increasingly active as it tries to escape, and eventually jumps out if the container allows it.

See also

Camel's Nose, a story with similar meaning
Continuum fallacy
Creeping normality
Salami tactics
First they came ...
Shifting baseline
Slippery slope
Sorites paradox
Gaslighting
Frogs in popular culture

References

Cited references

Category:Animal testing
Category:Cognitive inertia
Category:Cruelty to animals
Category:Fictional frogs and toads
Category:Metaphors referring to animals
Category:Urban legends


Lebogang

Lebogang or Lebohang is a South African given name which is often shortened to Lebo. It may refer to
Lebogang Mabatle (born 1992), South African football defender
Lebogang Manyama (born 1990), South African footballer
Lebogang Mashile (born 1979), South African actor, writer and poet
Lebohang Mokoena (born 1986), South African football player
Lebohang K. Moleko, Lesotho diplomat
Lebogang Moloto (born 1992), South African footballer
Lebo M. (Lebohang Morake, born 1964), South African producer and composer
Lebogang Morula (born 1968), South African football player
Lebo Mothiba (born 1996), South African footballer
Lebogang Phiri (born 1994), South African footballer
Lebogang Ramalepe (born 1991), South African football defender
Lebogang Shange (born 1990), South African race walker

Category:African given names


Ogema

Ogema, derived from the Anishinaabemowin word ogimaa meaning "chief", may refer to:

Ogema, Minnesota, a city in Becker County, Minnesota, United States
Ogema, Wisconsin, a town in Price County, Wisconsin, United States
Ogema (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community in Price County, Wisconsin, United States
Ogema Township, Minnesota, a township in Pine County, Minnesota, United States
Ogema, Saskatchewan, a town in Saskatchewan, Canada (named by switching the positions of the consonants in "Omega"—the town was at the end of the rail line, but another town was already called Omega)

See also
John Okemos
Ogemaw
 Sachem, cognate word meaning "chief"


Yuki Okamoto

is a former Japanese football player.

Club statistics

References

External links

J. League

Category:1983 births
Category:Living people
Category:Ryutsu Keizai University alumni
Category:Association football people from Gunma Prefecture
Category:Japanese footballers
Category:J2 League players
Category:Japanese expatriate footballers
Category:Mito HollyHock players
Category:Fukushima United FC players
Category:Association football forwards


Joe Holsinger

Joe F. Holsinger (January 20, 1904 – August 16, 1946) was an American football, basketball, and golf player and coach. Holsinger was a star athlete for the Kansas State Wildcats. He was then a backfield coach under Charlie Bachman for the Florida Gators, coaching the "Phantom Four" of 1928, and for the Michigan State Spartans. In 1935, he became the head basketball and golf coach for the Dayton Flyers.

References

External links

Category:1904 births
Category:1946 deaths
Category:Florida Gators football coaches
Category:Florida Gators men's golf coaches
Category:Dayton Flyers men's basketball coaches
Category:Michigan State Spartans football coaches
Category:American football halfbacks
Category:Kansas State Wildcats football players
Category:Wisconsin Badgers football coaches


Turkish population

The Turkish population refers to the number of ethnic Turkish people in the world. During the Seljuk (1037–1194) and Ottoman (1299–1923) eras ethnic Turks were settled across the lands conquered by the two empires. In particular, the Turkification of Anatolia (modern Turkey) was the result of the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 and the formation of the Sultanate of Rum. Thereafter, the Ottomans continued Turkish expansion throughout the regions around the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Consequently, today the Turkish people form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus. There are also significant Turkish minorities who still live in the Balkans, the Caucasus, and the Levant, and North Africa.

More recently, the Turkish people have emigrated from their traditional areas of settlement for various reasons, forming a large diaspora. From the mid-twentieth century onwards, unskilled workers from Turkey settled mainly in German  and French speaking countries of Western Europe, in contrast, a "brain drain" of skilled workers from Turkey migrated mostly to North America. Moreover, ethnic Turks from other traditional areas of Turkish settlement have emigrated mostly due to political reasons. For example, the Meskhetian Turks were deported to Central Asia from Georgia in 1944; Turkish Cypriots have emigrated mostly as refugees to the English-speaking world during the Cyprus conflict and its immediate aftermath; Cretan Turks have significant populations in the Arab world as a result of being expelled from Greece; etc.

Traditional areas of Turkish settlement

Turkish majorities

Turkish "communities"

Turkish minorities

Turkish minorities in the Balkans

Turkish minorities in the Caucasus

Turkish minorities in the Levant

Turkish minorities in North Africa

Other Arab countries

Turkish diasporas

Central Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

Other regions

References and notes

Bibliography

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Category:Turkish communities outside Turkey


Jose Thomas Performing Arts Centre

The Jose Thomas Performing Arts Centre (JT Pac) is a theatre of performing arts situated in Thrippunithura, Kerala, India. It was founded on 26 February 2009 by actor Mohanlal and The Choice Group chairman Jose Thomas who respectively serves as the Chairman and President of the arts centre. The centre is situated in the Choice School complex and has a sitting-capacity of 700.

Arts
The Rhyme by Soorya Krishnamoorthy was the first show played at the theatre and as of 2013 it has organised about 165 shows.

Many notable artists including Pankaj Udhas, Udit Narayan, Shankar Mahadevan, Pandit Hari Prasad Chaurasia, Ustad Amjad Ali Khan, and Naseeruddin Shah have performed at the theatre. In 2009, Mohanlal played Prospero in a Malayalam-language version of The Tempest , and Bhima in a play titled Chayamukhi.

In 2012, the arts centre organised a four-day dance festival titled, Parampara in which Padma Shri recipient Madhavi Mudgal and Bharati Shivaji,  Saswati Sen and Rama Vaidyanathan among others performed at the centre.

In 2016, the President of the arts center, Josh Thomas said that the centre is incurring a loss.

References

External links

Category:Companies established in 2009
Category:Theatrical organisations in India
Category:Universities and colleges in Kochi
Category:Performing arts education in India


5th Army (France)

The Fifth Army () was a fighting force that participated in World War I. Under its commander, Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, it led the attacks which resulted in the victory at the First Battle of the Marne in 1914.

World War I

Commanders
General Lanrezac (Mobilization - 3 September 1914)
General Franchet d'Espérey (3 September 1914 - 31 March 1916)
General Mazel (31 March 1916 - 22 May 1917)
Fought in the Second Battle of the Aisne
General Micheler (22 May 1917 - 10 June 1918)
General Buat (10 June 1918 - 5 July 1918)
General Berthelot (5 July 1918 - 7 October 1918)
General Guillaumat (7 October 1918 - Armistice)

World War II

Commanders
General Victor Bourret (2 September 1939 – 26 June 1940)

See also
List of French armies in WWI

Category:Field armies of France in World War I
Category:Military units and formations established in 1914
Category:1914 establishments in France


Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh

The Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh are the trade and craft bodies of the City of Edinburgh, Scotland, in much the same way as the Worshipful Companies are in London, but on a much smaller scale.  The Incorporations are not "guilds", that term being properly reserved in Scotland for the merchant bodies in the various burghs.  The Incorporations have never referred to themselves as guilds; indeed they came into existence, mostly in the latter part of the fifteenth century, in order to counter the growing power of the merchant guild.  By 1562 the Incorporations formed what became known as The Convenery of Trades of Edinburgh, an umbrella body that still exists and which looks after the interests of all the Incorporated Trades of the burgh.  The Convenery consists, in the narrow sense of the word, of the Deacons of each of the Incorporations, plus the two Trades Councillors.  In the broad sense of the word, however, the term "Convenery of Trades" embraces all the Freemen of all the Incorporated Trades of the Burgh, together with their journeymen and apprentices, in a convivial fellowship of mutual support.

Until 1833 the Deacons of the fourteen Incorporated Trades sat with the Town Council in their deliberations. In 1583 the Act of Sett of the Burgh laid down that six of the Deacons, known as the Council Deacons, should sit as full Council members at all meetings of the Council, and the remaining eight Deacons, known as Extraordinary Deacons, were to sit with the Council only when certain topics of business were being discussed and to take full part in the annual elections of Councillors and office-bearers. Historically it was necessary to become a Burgess of the Burgh before one could be admitted as a Freeman of one of the Incorporations.  Once an applicant had submitted his essay and been accepted as a Freeman, he was expected to set up his own business and to employ journeymen and train apprentices.  The Incorporations were able to prevent any outsiders from practising their trade in the Burgh until they had paid their dues to the appropriate incorporated trade.

Origins and background

The Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh historically held the power to regulate their various trades in Scotland. There are fifteen incorporations in Edinburgh, fourteen of which had Deacons who were permanent members of the Convenery of Trades from its beginning. Unlike the worshipful companies of London which are given precedence based on their date of founding, the trades are given precedence by the Act of Sett of the Burgh of Edinburgh, in a "decreet arbitral" by King James VI in 1583. The cited reason for this was that many of the trades "no longer possessed their original seals of cause and did not know the year in which they had been founded".

Each trade elects a Deacon – an office dating back to an Act of Parliament in 1424. Their role was originally one of quality control. To ensure the products of their respective trade matched up to the standards expected of the craft. The role of Deacon later became combined with the role of that of Kirkmaster (treasurer).  The privilege of the Deacons sitting on the Town Council was rescinded following the passage of the Scottish Burgh Reform Act in 1833. The Deacons undertook other work, for example The Deacon of the Goldsmiths was also the Assay-Master at the Edinburgh Assay Office until 1681 (an organisation that they still operate to this day). Over time they took on roles as trustees of various charities.  They were also the Governors of the Edinburgh Trades Maiden Hospital, founded by the Craftsmen of Edinburgh and Mary Erskine (1629-1707). This charity still exists but its name was changed in 2015 to the Edinburgh Trades Fund.

The Convenery of the Trades of Edinburgh consists of the deacons of all the incorporated trades and today acts as the ruling body of the Incorporated Trades. Its present-day main focus is the various charities and events operated by the Incorporated Trades. They also assist the various Incorporated Trades wherever they can. The Convenery is headed by the Deacon-Convener of the Trades of Edinburgh, who holds the distinction of being the first tradesman in Scotland, and third citizen of Edinburgh after the Lord Provost and the Lord Dean of Guild. From 1598 until 1858 the Convenery of Trades met in The Magdalen Chapel in Cowgate. Today it meets at its own headquarters, known as Ashfield, 61 Melville Street, which also contains a dedicated museum.

Membership
In order to become a Freeman of any of the trades one used to have to become a Burgess of the City of Edinburgh first.   The grant of Burgesship was historically the gift of the Lord Dean of Guild, an office in the Council of the City of Edinburgh. However, Local Government Reform in 1973 changed this precedent and the office of Lord Dean of Guild was transferred instead to the Merchant Company of Edinburgh. Though the City of Edinburgh council retained the power to grant Burgess-ship, it came to be awarded only honorarily to those who "have distinguished themselves through their work or efforts, or to recognise the respect and high esteem in which they are held by the people of Edinburgh". This caused an issue for the Incorporated Trades, as it meant prospective Freemen first had to approach the Merchant Company of Edinburgh to get their Burgess ticket, before they could join their trade. Edinburgh City Council arbitrated an agreement between the Merchants and the Craftsmen, and now nominations for Burgess-ship are accepted from either organisation, adjudicated by a committee with representatives from both the Merchant Company and the Convenery of Trades and chaired by the Lord Dean of Guild.  In 2017 a new body was created, called the Burgess Association of Edinburgh, to include all the Burgesses of the City, thus fostering friendship and co-operation between the Merchant Company and the Convenery of Trades.

Present-day activities
Many of the trades have taken on a more charitable focus, and some even accept Freemen who have not received a Burgess ticket.

The Incorporation of Surgeons is now The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and operates as one of the two leading royal colleges in the united kingdom, the other being The Royal College of Surgeons of England in London. They held the unusual privilege of being the only body with a monopoly on the distilling of alcohol ("aquavite") in the burgh.

The Incorporation of Goldsmiths still operates Edinburgh's Assay Office. Today its Freemen include jewellers, gold and silver smiths, bankers and financiers. Historically, many of their membership helped form the Bank of Scotland in 1695. They retain the statutory role of assaying and hallmarking gold, silver, platinum and palladium wares before they can be sold.

The Kirking of the Deacons
Every year the Deacons are "kirked" at Beltane, in a ceremony, known as The Kirking of the Deacons, in which the Deacons march in ceremonial dress along with their banner-bearers, led by the Convenery's Officer bearing the Blue Blanket, under escort from the High Constables of Edinburgh, from Candlemakers' Hall to Greyfriars Kirk.  They are met by the Lord Provost and some of the Council where a ceremony is conducted by the Convenery's Chaplain. Psalms and hymns are sung and Clement Cor's Prayer, the traditional dedicatory prayer of the Convenery, is said.  This is followed by a procession from the church to the grave of Mary Erskine, with whom the Incorporated Trades founded the Trades Maiden Hospital 1704. Before the Local Council Reform of 1973, this ceremony was undertaken by the entirety of Edinburgh Council, where they would be "reminded of their duties and responsibilities and were charged with the responsibility of doing their civic duty impartially and to the best of their ability."

The Riding of the Marches
An annual event held in Edinburgh to commemorate the return in the year 1513 of the Captain of the City Band, Randolph Murray clasping the Ancient 'Blue Blanket Banner' (the banner of the Edinburgh tradesmen, allegedly awarded to the craftsmen of Edinburgh by James III in 1482) with news of the defeat of the Scottish Army at the Battle of Flodden.

List of trades
1. The Incorporation and Royal College of Surgeons
2. The Incorporation of Goldsmiths
3. The Incorporation of Skinners
4. The Incorporation of Furriers
5. The Incorporation of Hammermen
6. The Incorporation of Wrights
7. The Incorporation of Masons
8. The Incorporation of Tailors
9. The Incorporation of Baxters
10. The Incorporation of Fleshers
11. The Incorporation of Cordiners
12. The Incorporation of Weavers
13. The Incorporation of Waulkers
14. The Incorporation of Bonnetmakers & Dyers
15. The Incorporation of Candlemakers
The Society of Barbers

References

Category:Livery companies
Category:Organisations based in Edinburgh

Category:Guilds in Scotland
Category:Politics of Edinburgh
Category:Government buildings in Edinburgh
Category:City chambers and town halls in Scotland
Category:Scottish culture
Category:Tourist attractions in Edinburgh

External links

  Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh Official Website


Half Moon Street (film)

Half Moon Street is a 1986 British-American erotic thriller film directed by Bob Swaim and starring Sigourney Weaver, Michael Caine, Keith Buckley, and P.J. Kavanagh. The film is about an American woman working at a British escort service who becomes involved in the political intrigues surrounding one of her clients.

Half Moon Street was the first RKO Pictures solo feature film produced in almost a quarter-century. The previous one was Jet Pilot, made in 1957.

The film was based on the 1984 novel Doctor Slaughter by Paul Theroux.  Despite the source material, the film and book have distinct endings.

Plot

Dr. Lauren Slaughter is an American woman of considerable intellect, an expert on China who now lives in London, working for a "think tank".

Unhappy with superiors who take credit for her work and dissatisfied with her low wages, Dr. Slaughter moonlights in her flat on Half Moon Street as a paid escort to lonely men. One such, identifying himself by a fake name, turns out to be Lord Bulbeck, a trusted House of Lords member with a key role in national defense.

The two strike up a relationship that goes beyond sex, enjoying each other's conversation and intelligence. However, during a delicate peace negotiation in the Middle East, investigators doing a background check on Lord Bulbeck come upon his relationship with the high-priced call girl, someone they suspect might have an ulterior motive.

References

External links

Category:1980s thriller drama films
Category:1986 films
Category:American films
Category:British films
Category:Films shot at Elstree Studios
Category:English-language films
Category:1980s erotic thriller films
Category:Films directed by Bob Swaim
Category:American thriller drama films
Category:British thriller drama films
Category:Films set in London
Category:Films based on American novels
Category:Films about prostitution in the United Kingdom
Category:RKO Pictures films
Category:Films scored by Richard Harvey


Miss Universe Slovenia 2009

Miss Universe Slovenia 2009, the 9th Miss Universe Slovenia pageant held at Ljubljana Exhibition and Convention Centre in Ljubljana, Slovenia on May 9, 2009. Miss Universe Slovenia, Anamarija Avbelj, will crown her successor at the end of this event. About 16 delegates are expected to compete.

The winner will be the representative for Slovenia at the Miss Universe 2009 pageant in Nassau, Bahamas.

In the final round, Mirela Korač, was crowned Miss Universe Slovenia 2009 by Anamrija Avbelj, Miss Universe Slovenia 2008.

Results

Delegates

Monika Ćosić -
 (Ljubljana)
Aida Muratović - (Maribor)
Tanja Dimič - (Ljubljana)
Jerneja Kaplan - (Trebnje)
Živa Rupnik - (Ljubljana)
Tanja Derajič - (Ljubljana)
Nika Matoh - (Novo Mesto)
Stefanija Bojić - (Škofja Loka)

Barbara Rapnik - (Slovenska Bistrica)
Rebeka Pevec - (Slovenske Konjice)
Barbara Černelič - (Ljubljana)
Mirela Korač - (Ljubljana)
Anja Urh - (Šoštanj)
Suzana Zekovič -   (Murska Sobota)
Sara Kuduzović - (Maribor)
Katarina Benček - (Ljubljana)

Historical significance
Ljubljana won the pageant for the second time since Tjaša Kokalj won Ljubljana's first Miss Universe Slovenia title in 2007.
Maribor 1st Runner-up Miss Universe Slovenia back-to-back 2008 and 2009.
Municipalities who also entered the top 16 previous year were Maribor and Ljubljana.

Trivia

Withdraws
Bled, Celje, Domžale, Jesenice, Koper, Lukovica, Litija, Šempeter-Vrtojba, Zagorje ob Savi and Žalec did not compete in Miss Universe Slovenia 2009.

References

External links
Official Website

2009
Category:2009 beauty pageants
Category:2009 in Slovenia


Zvjezdan Cvetković

Zvjezdan Cvetković (Serbian Cyrillic: Звјездан Цвeткoвић; 18 April 1960 – 27 February 2017) was a Croatian Serb football manager and player. He was capped  nine times for Yugoslavia. His younger brother Borislav Cvetković was also Yugoslavian national team player.

References

External links
Player profile on Yugoslavia / Serbian National Team page

Category:Croatian footballers
Category:Croatian football managers
Category:GNK Dinamo Zagreb players
Category:GNK Dinamo Zagreb managers
Category:Sportspeople from Karlovac
Category:1960 births
Category:2017 deaths
Category:Yugoslav footballers
Category:Yugoslavia international footballers
Category:Serbian footballers
Category:SV Waldhof Mannheim players
Category:Yugoslav First League players
Category:Bundesliga players
Category:Association football defenders
Category:Serbian football managers
Category:FK Borac Banja Luka managers
Category:Serbs of Croatia


Malawian cuisine

Malawian cuisine includes the foods and culinary practices of Malawi. Tea and fish are popular features of Malawian cuisine. Sugar, coffee, corn, potatoes, sorghum, cattle and goats are also important components of the cuisine and economy. Lake Malawi is a source of fish including chambo (similar to bream) usipa (similar to sardine), mpasa (similar to salmon) and kampango. Nsima is a staple food made from ground corn and served with side dishes of meat, beans and vegetable. It can be eaten for lunch and dinner.

Additional Malawi cuisine includes:
Kachumbari, a type of tomato and onion salad, known locally in Malawi as 'Sumu' or 'Shum' or simply 'tomato and onion salad'.
Thobwa, a fermented drink made from white maize and millet or sorghum.
Kondowole, made from cassava flour and water. It is primarily from northern Malawi and is a very sticky meal resembling Malawian nsima, Tanzanian ugali, or English posho. It is mostly cooked on the floor because of its texture as it is normally tough to run a cooking stick through hence a lot of strength is needed. Kondowole is normally eaten with fish.

Fish
Fish in Malawi ranges from "utaka" (pronounced "u-ta-ka") and "chambo" (a famous fish from Lake Malawi). Kondowole is not a meal that can be made in bulk because of its consistency and texture, therefore is not as frequently eaten as nsima.

See also

Agriculture in Malawi
Malawian food crisis

References

Category:African cuisine


Sergei Vonsovsky

Sergei Vasilyevich Vonsovsky (also spelled as Vonsovskii or Vonsovskiy, Russian: Сергей Васильевич Вонсовский; August 20, 1910 – August 11, 1998) was a prominent Soviet and Russian physicist.

Biography
Sergei Vonsovsky was born in 1910 in Tashkent. In 1932 he graduated from the Leningrad University. In 1932 he moved to Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg) and started working at the Ural Physicotechical Institute, later – at the Metals Physics Institute of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1943 he defended his second thesis and received the highest scientific degree of Doctor of Science (Russian degree called doctor nauk). From 1947 he also kept a professorship at the chair of theoretical physics at the department of physics of the Ural State University. Since 1971 to 1985 he was the director of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Sergei Vonsovsky led researches in the field of metal physics studying the transition metals and the fusions. He created the fusions ferromagnetism theory and developed the theory of magnetic anisotropy. He also worked at the field of the transition metals and fusions superconductivity in particular he studied the problem of simultaneity of ferromagnetism and paramagnetism.

He was the founder of the Ural scientific school in ferromagnetism and metals physics.

Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences instituted Vonsovsky Gold Medal in his honour.

Honours
Full member (academician) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1966)
Hero of Socialist Labour (1969)
Foreign member of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Foreign corresponding member of the German Academy of Sciences
State Prize of USSR (1975, 1982)
Vavilov Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1982)
Three Orders of Lenin
Order of the Red Star
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Demidov Prize (1993)
Honorary citizen of Yekaterinburg

One of the streets of Yekaterinburg is called after academician Vonsovsky. The main scientific award of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is called the Vonsovsky Gold Medal. In Yekaterinburg you may also find a monument to Sergei Vonsovsky.

Short bibliography
S. V. Vonsovsky & Y. S. Shur, Ferromagnetism (Moscow, 1948)
S. V. Vonsovskii, Ferromagnetic Resonance (Pergamon: Oxford, 1966)
S. V. Vonsovsky, Magnetism (Wiley, 1974), in two volumes
S. V. Vonsovsky, Magnetism of elementary particles (Moscow, 1975)
S. V. Vonsovsky and M. I. Katsnelson, Quantum Solid State Physics (1989)

External links
Short biography
Biography at the Proceedings of the Ural State University
Short biography at the Russian Physicists Biographical web site

Category:1910 births
Category:1998 deaths
Category:Russian physicists
Category:Soviet physicists
Category:20th-century physicists
Category:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Category:Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Category:Heroes of Socialist Labour
Category:Demidov Prize laureates
Category:Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
Category:Ural State University faculty


Alexandru Nyisztor

Alexandru Nyisztor (born 27 June 1979) is a Romanian épée fencer, who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics. He is eight-time national épée champion of Romania.

Career
Nyisztor took up fencing when he was nine years old, on medical advice: he was a sickly child and his doctor recommended his mother to take him to sport. His mother chose fencing because the hall was close to home. He grew bored quickly and started to play truant until his mother met his coach, Marcela Moldovan, who revealed he had not trained for a while. Nyisztor was summoned to give in his equipment. When he arrived to the hall he thought he would train one last time and eventually decided to go on. He practiced foil first, then turned to épée as well.

He transferred to CS Crișul Oradea in 1993 to follow his coach, while continuing his studies at his home city, Satu Mare. He began to train in épée under the coaching of Nicolae Ille. In 1994 he was asked to join both the national foil team in Satu Mare and the national épée team in Craiova. He opted for the latter. he earned a bronze medal at the 1996 Cadet World Championships in Tournai and at the 1999 Junior World Championships in Tournai.

In the senior category Nyisztor posted a quarter-finals finish at the 2001 European Championships in Koblenz after he lost to Russia's Pavel Kolobkov, then another at the 2002 edition, losing this time to Hungary's Gábor Boczkó. Nyisztor climbed his first World Cup podium with a bronze medal at the 2003 Bratislava Grand Prix, but he could not attend the 2003 World Championships because the Romanian Fencing Federation was late for registration. He however qualified to the individual event at the 2004 Summer Olympics through the European zone qualifier in Ghent, becoming the first male épée fencer to represent Romania at Olympic Games. For his Olympic début he defeated Ukraine's Bohdan Nikishyn in the preliminary round, but lost to Italy's Alfredo Rota in the table of 32.

Nyisztor posted another last-8 finish at the 2005 European Championships in Zalaegerszeg, after losing to Olympic champion Marcel Fischer. He reached the quarter-finals too at the 2006 World Championships in Turin, defeating the Netherlands' Bas Verwijlen and Ukraine's Maksym Khvorost along the way. He was defeated 12–15 by eventual World champion Lei Wang of China.

This career high was followed by dry years: he did not reach the final table of 64 at the 2007 World Championships in St Petersburg and failed to qualify to the 2008 Summer Olympics. He took coaching duties for the junior team at CSM Oradea and as assistant coach to Nicolae Ille. In 2010 he left his club amid controversy that resulted from his behaviour at the Romanian national championship, where CSM Oradea lost their team title. He transferred afterwards to CSU Târgu Mureș.

In 2011 Nyisztor won the St Duje's Cup satellite tournament in Split, Croatia. He took part in the 2011 World Championships in Catania, but lost in the first round to Norway's Sturla Torkildsen. He also suffered an early exit at the 2013 edition in Budapest, this time at the hands of World No.1 Max Heinzer of Switzerland.

References

External links

  (archive)

Category:1979 births
Category:Living people
Category:Romanian male fencers
Category:Romanian épée fencers
Category:Olympic fencers of Romania
Category:Fencers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Category:Sportspeople from Satu Mare


House by the Sea

House by the Sea can refer to:

 House by the Sea (album), a 2007 album by Levinhurst
 The House by the Sea (1924 film), a 1924 German film
 The House by the Sea (2017 film), a 2017 French film


Rasbora vaillantii

Rasbora vaillantii is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Rasbora which is found in Borneo.

References

Category:Rasboras
Category:Fish described in 1905


Sanage Station

is a railway station in the city of Toyota, Aichi, Japan, operated by Meitetsu.

Lines
Sanage Station is a terminal station of the Meitetsu Mikawa Line and is 21.3 kilometers from the opposing terminus of the line at Chiryū Station.

Station layout
The station has a single island platform connected to the station building by a level crossing. The station has automated ticket machines, Manaca automated turnstiles and is staffed.

Platforms

Adjacent stations

|-
!colspan=5|Nagoya Railroad

Station history
Sanage Station was opened on October 31, 1924, as a station on the privately owned Mikawa Railway. The line was extended from Sanage to Shidare Station in 1927, and to Nishi-Nakagane Station in 1928. This extension was discontinued on April 1, 2004. The current station building was completed in 1932. The Mikawa Railway was merged with Meitetsu on June 1, 1941.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2017, the station was used by an average of 3988 passengers daily.

Surrounding area
 Toyota Athletic Stadium
 Sanage Agricultural High School
Sanagedai Junior High School

See also
 List of Railway Stations in Japan

References

External links

 Official web page

Category:Railway stations opened in 1924
Category:1924 establishments in Japan
Category:Railway stations in Aichi Prefecture
Category:Stations of Nagoya Railroad
Category:Toyota, Aichi


Even If It Breaks Your Heart

"Even If It Breaks Your Heart" is a song written by Will Hoge and Eric Paslay in April 2009 and originally recorded by Hoge on his seventh studio album, The Wreckage. The song was made popular by American country music group the Eli Young Band. It was released in January 2012 as the sixth single of their career, and the second from their album Life at Best.

Critical reception
Billy Dukes of Taste of Country gave the song four stars out of five, saying that it is "poetry set to music" but the lyrics are "difficult to relate to." Jonathan Keefe of Country Universe wrote that it's a "good but not great song, given a credible performance by a competent band with the wherewithal not to want to sound like Journey" but "precious few guitar chords in the full duration of the performance actually ring to the full breadth of their tone, giving the single a clipped, tinny sound." He gave the song a B but the recording itself a D.

Music video
The music video was directed by Brian Lazzaro and premiered in January 2012.

Chart performance
"Even If It Breaks Your Heart" debuted at number 60 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for the week of December 24, 2011. It also debuted at number 91 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for the week of March 31, 2012. The song became the group's second consecutive number-one single on the country chart for the week of July 28, 2012.

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Certifications

Year-end charts

References

Category:2012 singles
Category:Eli Young Band songs
Category:Republic Records singles
Category:Songs written by Eric Paslay
Category:Song recordings produced by Frank Liddell
Category:Billboard Hot Country Songs number-one singles
Category:Republic Nashville singles
Category:2011 songs
Category:Songs written by Will Hoge


Mattia Righetti

Mattia Righetti (born 10 March 1980 in La Spezia) is an Italian rower.

References

Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:Italian male rowers
Category:People from La Spezia
Category:Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic rowers of Italy

Category:World Rowing Championships medalists for Italy


Johns Hopkins Writing Seminars

Founded in 1947, the Johns Hopkins Writing Seminars is an academic program offering undergraduate and graduate degrees in writing in the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts & Sciences at Johns Hopkins University. It is the second-oldest creative writing program in the United States.

Notable faculty of the program have included Edward Albee, John Barth, Madison Smartt Bell, J. M. Coetzee, Mary Jo Salter, Stephen Dixon, Mark Hertsgaard, Brad Leithauser, John Irwin, J.D. McClatchy, Alice McDermott, Mark Crispin Miller, Andrew Motion, Wyatt Prunty, David St. John, Mark Strand, Robert Stone, and David Yezzi.

Writer David Yezzi currently chairs the program, which has a strong reputation. It has been ranked "One of the Top Ten Graduate Programs in Creative Writing"  by The Atlantic.  In 1997, US News and World Report ranked the program second in the United States out of sixty-five eligible full-residency MFA programs. In 2011, Poets & Writers ranked Hopkins seventeenth nationally out of 157 eligible full-residency MFA programs. The long respected Science Writing program was closed down in 2013 as an on-campus program, but was re-established as an online/low residency program shortly thereafter.

Degree programs
 Writing Seminars B.A. Degree
 MFA in Fiction and Poetry

Notable graduates

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
John Astin
Beth Bachmann
Russell Baker
Ned Balbo
Frederick Barthelme
Jeffrey Blitz
Paul Harris Boardman
Jennifer Finney Boylan
Lucie Brock-Broido
John Gregory Brown
Vikram Chandra (novelist)
Iris Chang
Julie Checkoway
Wes Craven
Erica Dawson
Elizabeth DeVita-Raeburn
Louise Erdrich
Mark Friedman
Nell Greenfieldboyce
Martha Grimes
Rachel Hadas
Gil Scott-Heron
Lawrence Hill
Jay Hopler
Kimberly Johnson
Pagan Kennedy
Wayne Koestenbaum
Porochista Khakpour
Tim Kreider
Aaron Kunin
Phillis Levin
David Lipsky
Rosemary Mahoney
Emma Marris
Gardner McFall,
Tomás Q. Morín,
ZZ Packer
Molly Peacock
Hollis Robbins
Deborah Rudacille
Natalie Shapero
Tom Sleigh
Elizabeth Spires
Lorin Stein
Susan Stewart
Rosanna Warren
Rachel Wetzsteon
Greg Williamson

Turnbull Lectures
The Writing Seminars hosts the Turnbull Lectures, a yearly lecture series on the topic of poetry. The series was established in 1891 and has run almost continuously between the years 1891-1984 and 2000–present. Over the history of the series, lectures have been given by Ramón Menéndez Pidal, T.S. Eliot, W.H. Auden, Marianne Moore, Robert Frost, Jacques Derrida, Helen Vendler, and many others. Recent lecturers have included Tracy K. Smith, Terrance Hayes, Richard Wilbur, Paul Muldoon, Stanley Plumly, Edward Mendelson, and Edna Longley.

See also
 The Hopkins Review

External links
 Writing Seminars homepage at the JHU website

References

Category:Johns Hopkins University
Category:1947 establishments in Maryland
Category:Creative writing programs


Elizabeth Pinchard

Elizabeth Pinchard née Sibthorpe (fl. 1791 - 1820), was an English writer of children's fiction whose stories incorporated moral lessons aimed at older girls. She was recognised above all for The Blind Child, her first and most successful novel.

Writing

Pinchard’s children’s books were "didactic". She admired the writers Barbauld and Genlis, who put education ahead of fantasy, and she aspired to emulate their work. In her preface to The Blind Child, or Anecdotes of the Wyndham Family (1791) she outlined her hopes to "awaken in the rising generation" a "lively wish for goodness". In this particular novel she emphasised that "excessive softness of heart" is not "true sensibility". After the novel’s blind heroine has her sight restored by surgery, the doctor praises her sister for not showing "exaggerated feeling", and her mother adds that true sensibility is better than "false tenderness".

The Blind Child was republished often over the next twenty years, both in England and in North America. Its anonymous title page said it was "by a lady", while subsequent books usually announced they were "by the author of The Blind Child". It has continued to be her best-known work. In between narrative sections, conversations were written out as simple dialogues between named speakers. Pinchard’s next publication was Dramatic Dialogues (1792), where the seven tales look like plays. Encouraging girls to perform theatrical works was frowned on by many, and Pinchard justified her use of dialogue, with occasional "stage" directions, by saying she thought it was easier to captivate young people with stories told without the repeated use of phrases like 'she said', 'she replied' etc.

Her continuing interest in moral education for the young was clear on the title page of The Two Cousins (1794) which was presented as "a moral story for the use of young persons in which is exemplified the necessity of moderation and justice to the attainment of happiness."

Pinchard's other fiction included the Ward of Delamere, Family Affection: a tale for youth, Mystery  and Confidence, and The Young Countess, which appeared in 1820. A review at that time complimented "all the productions" of the author, saying they had been praised by children's writer, critic and educational reformer Sarah Trimmer. Their value lay in the "especial solicitude of the author to inculcate the necessity of an undeviating regard to habits of piety, as the safest guarantee of a virtuous reputation"

Personal life

The writer was married to John Pinchard, a lawyer in Taunton, Somerset.

Books available  online
 The Blind Child
 Dramatic Dialogues
 The Two Cousins
 Family Affection
 Mystery and Confidence

References

Category:English children's writers
Category:English women writers


Bud Williams

Bud Williams is a State Representative who represents the 11th Hampden District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He represents the city of Springfield. Williams serves as the Vice Chair of the House Committee on Redistricting, and on the House Committee on Ways and Means, the Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies, the Joint Committee on Education, and the Joint Committee on Ways and Means.

References

Category:21st-century American politicians
Category:Massachusetts Democrats
Category:Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
Category:People from Springfield, Massachusetts
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people


Pennsylvania Water and Power

Pennsylvania Water & Power was an American company. It was the first power plant in the world to combine a hydroelectric generator and a coal power generator on the same site. John Abbet Walls was president.

See also

References

Category:Companies with year of establishment missing
Category:Companies based in Pennsylvania
Category:Electric power companies of the United States
Category:Companies with year of disestablishment missing


Global Liberal Arts Alliance

The Global Liberal Arts Alliance is an association of liberal arts colleges around the world. It was established in 2009.  The goal of the consortium is to provide an international framework for cooperation among institutions following the American liberal arts college model.

The Alliance is administered by the Great Lakes Colleges Association, a consortium of thirteen American liberal arts colleges in the Great Lakes region.

Member institutions
Al Akhawayn University, Morocco
Albion College, United States
Antioch College, United States
Allegheny College, United States
American College of Greece, Greece
American University in Bulgaria, Bulgaria
American University in Cairo, Egypt
American University of Beirut, Lebanon
American University of Nigeria, Nigeria
American University of Paris, France
Ashesi University, Ghana
Bratislava International School of Liberal Arts, Slovakia
Denison University, United States
DePauw University, United States
Earlham College, United States
Effat University, Saudi Arabia
Flame University, India
Forman Christian College, Pakistan
Franklin University, Switzerland
Hope College, United States
International Christian University, Japan
John Cabot University, Italy
Kalamazoo College, United States
Kenyon College, United States
Lingnan University, Hong Kong
Oberlin College, United States
Ohio Wesleyan University, United States
Wabash College, United States
College of Wooster, United States

See also
Liberal arts college
Alliance of Asian Liberal Arts Universities
List of higher education associations and alliances

References

External links
Official site

Category:Liberal arts colleges
Category:International college and university associations and consortia


Springfield, Clear Lake and Rochester Railway

The Springfield, Clear Lake and Rochester Railway (SCL&R), also known as the Springfield Suburban, was an Illinois electric interurban railway.  In operation by 1909 and abandoned by 1912, it offered service between the Illinois state capital of Illinois and the Sangamon County rural towns of Clear Lake and Rochester.  Its active network was 11 miles (18 km) in length, with a 7-mile-long main line from Springfield to Rochester and a 4-mile-long branch line to what was then the excursion destination of Clear Lake.

History
The interurban line was incorporated in 1906.  One year after going into operation, it was legally reorganized in 1910 as the Mississippi Valley Interurban Railway.  Two years later it was no longer operating safely, and the Illinois Railroad and Warehouse Commission ordered in July 1912 that operations be suspended pending urgently required repairs to one or more railroad bridges.  The original firm appears to have lacked means to repair the unsafe spans.

Shortly after the suspension, separate promoter groups filed legal papers to recharter the "Springfield, Clear Lake and Southern Railway Company" (August 1912) and the "Mississippi Valley Traction Railway Company" (September 1912).  The Springfield, Clear Lake & Southern promoters told the trade press they planned to work with creditors to acquire operating control of the struggling line by foreclosure, make necessary repairs, and build new trackage to the town of Riverton.  However, nothing appears to have come of either charter, and the suspension evolved into abandonment.

References

Category:Defunct Illinois railroads
Category:Interurban railways in Illinois
Category:Railway companies established in 1906
Category:Railway companies disestablished in 1912


Ars grammatica

An ars grammatica () is a generic or proper title for surveys of Latin grammar. The first ars grammatica seems to have been composed by Remmius Palaemon (first century CE), but is now lost. The most famous ars grammatica since late antiquity has been that composed by Donatus.

Extant works known as Ars grammatica have been written by
Aelius Donatus (fourth century)
Charisius (fourth century)
Gaius Marius Victorinus (fourth century)
Maurus Servius Honoratus (fourth to fifth century)
Diomedes Grammaticus (fourth to fifth century)
Alcuin of York (eighth century)
Pseudo-Remmius Palaemon

Donatus' Ars Grammatica
Two artes grammaticae circulate under the name Donatus. The first, the Ars Minor, is a brief overview of the eight parts of speech: noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, participle, conjunction, preposition, and interjection (nomen, pronomen, verbum, adverbium, participium, conjunctio, praepositio, interjectio). The text is presented entirely in a question-and-answer format (e.g. "How many numbers does a noun have?" "Two: singular and plural.").

Donatus' Ars Major is only a little longer, but on a much more elevated plane. It consists of a list of stylistic faults and graces, including tropes such as metaphor, synecdoche, allegory, and sarcasm. Donatus also includes schemes such as zeugma and anaphora.

Diomedes' Ars Grammatica

The Ars Grammatica or De Oratione et Partibus Orationis et Vario Genere Metrorum libri III by Diomedes Grammaticus is a Latin grammatical treatise. Diomedes probably wrote in the late 4th century AD. The treatise is dedicated to a certain Athanasius.

Book I the eight parts of speech
Book II the elementary ideas of grammar and of style
Book III poetry, quantity, and meters

The third book on poetry is particularly valuable, containing extracts from Suetonius' De poetica. This book contains one of the most complete lists of types of dactylic hexameters in antiquity, including the teres versus, which may be the so-called golden line.

The Ars of Diomedes still exists in a complete form (although probably abridged). It was first published in a collection of Latin Grammarians printed at Venice by Nicolas Jenson in about 1476.  The best edition of Diomedes's Ars Grammatica is in Grammatici Latini vol. I by Heinrich Keil.

Alcuin's Ars Grammatica
In around the 790s, Alcuin of York composed an Ars grammatica as the first of a group of four opera didascalica ('educational works') in question-and-answer form rooted in Donatus's Ars grammatica. The other three texts were De orthographia, Ars rhetorica, and De dialectica. Alcuin's Ars grammatica begins with a section Disputatio de vera philosophia ('dialogue on true philosophy'). In the assessment of Rita Copeland and Ineke Sluiter, 'the content of these works is highly derivative, but the pedagogy is innovative, and the way in which the work of compilation has been executed gives a new ideological twist to traditional material'.

References

External links
On-line Latin texts of major Latin grammarians at the Corpus Grammaticorum Latinorum
 scanned page of William Smith (lexicographer)
 Latin texts of all of Aelius Donatus, including the Ars Minor and all the parts of the Ars Major

Category:Latin texts
Category:Latin language


Bas Böttcher

Bas Böttcher (born 1974 in Bremen, Germany) is a German slam poet.

Life
Bastian Böttcher studied in Weimar at the Bauhaus University, Weimar and moved in 2000 to Berlin.

Beginning in the early 90s, Böttcher developed his slam poetry as a form of rhythmic poetry physically carried forward on the stage.
In 1991, with DJ Loris Negro, he founded the band centrifugal, which broke up in July 2001.

As co-founder of the German poetry slam scene, he won several times the Poetry Slam prize of Literature Workshop Berlin.
The Goethe-Institut invited him to a guest performance at the German - Nuyorican Poetry Festival in New York.
It was followed by appearances in the Martin-Gropius-Bau (Berlin), in the Deutsches Schauspielhaus, at the Munich Chamber games and in various literary centers of Copenhagen, to Vienna.

Böttcher is considered the first German slam poet.
In 1997, he won the first German Poetry Slam Championships.

After album and anthology publications, he appeared in September 2004, with the novel megahertz (Red Book publisher) his first major literary work.
In the spring program 2006 he published "This is not a concert," a collection of his stage texts.
The following poems "Neonomade" (Voland & Quist, 2009), gathered more stage texts for listening and reading.

Since 2000, Bas Böttcher works with the Berlin filmmaker and Slam Master Wolf Hogekamp in the development and establishment of the poetry clip format.
He produced, Various Poetry Clips lectured, together with Herbert Wentscher at the Bauhaus-University Weimar on the same subject, in 2004 put his thesis on Poetry Clips, and published in 2005 along with Wolf Hogekamp the DVD Poetry Clips (Vol 1).

In 2006, for the Frankfurt Book Fair and built Bas Böttcher the text box.
The text box is a speaker cab made of Plexiglas, occur in the poets. With headphones, the audience can listen to the lyrics in studio quality. The text box has since been exhibited at the book fairs of Beijing, Taipei, Abu Dhabi, Guadalajara and São Paulo as well as at the Centre Pompidou (Paris) and in the Neue Nationalgalerie (Berlin).

Since 2012, Bas Böttcher is a visiting lecturer in language and staging at the German Literature Institute in Leipzig.

Works
Vorübergehende Schönheit, Voland & Quist, 2012,
Neonomade, Voland & Quist, 2009,
Die Poetry-Slam-Expedition: Bas Böttcher, Schroedel Verlag, 2009,
Dies ist kein Konzert, Voland & Quist, 2006,
Greinus/Wolter (ed.), Live und Direkt - Clubgeschichten, Anthologie, Voland & Quist,
Greinus/Wolter (ed.), Slam 2005 - Die Anthologie zu den Poetry Slam Meisterschaften, Anthologie, Voland & Quist,2005,
Poetry Clips (Vol. 1), Lieblingslied-Records, 2005,
Megaherz, Roman, Rotbuch Verlag, 2004,
Das Gedicht, Anton G. Leitner Verlag
Der neue Conrady, Artemis & Winkler (mit dem Spoken Word-Text „Kleine Einladung“)
Social Beat / Slam Poetry – Texte für die 90er, Ithaka Verlag
Boris Kerenski, Sergiu Ştefănescu (ed.), Kaltland Beat. Neue Deutsche Szene. Texte aus dem Substanz, SubVers-Verlag 1999,

References

External links

Category:1974 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Bremen
Category:German poets
Category:Writers from Bremen (state)
Category:German male poets


Seedwings Europe

Seedwings Europe (formally Seedwings Airsports GmbH) was an Austrian aircraft manufacturer based in Schlitters and founded in 1987. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of hang gliders in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft as well as hang glider harnesses.

The company was organized as a Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH), a limited liability company.

By October 2017 the company's website domain was up for sale and the company seems to gone out of business.

Seedwings Europe produced a wide range of hang gliders, including the intermediate Crossover XC, and Crossover XCS models, the beginner Funky, the high performance Skyrunner XR and Skyrunner XRS and the early intermediate level Space. In the 2000s the company produced the intermediate level Kestrel and Merlin, as well as the competition level topless Vertigo model.

Aircraft

References

External links

Category:Aircraft manufacturers of Austria
Category:Hang gliders
Category:Companies established in 1987
Category:1987 establishments in Austria


SBK Skiold

Ski- og Ballklubben Skiold ("Shield") is a Norwegian sports club based in Strømsø, Drammen. The club is at present mostly active in association football, but has earlier had success in bandy and has also had a department for ice hockey. The club was founded on 7 June 1910 and was originally called Bragerøen Idrettsforening. The club colour is red.

Skiold became national champion in bandy in 1939 and 1957. In 1997, the elite bandy team of Skiold was merged with other bandy teams from Drammen and formed Drammen Bandy, but the club is still working with youth teams.

The men's football team last played in the Third Division, the fourth tier of Norwegian football, in 1996.

Sources

External links
 official homepage

Category:Football clubs in Norway
Category:Bandy clubs in Norway
Category:Association football clubs established in 1910
Category:Bandy clubs established in 1910
Category:Sport in Drammen


Alphonsea tsangyuanensis

Alphonsea tsangyuanensis is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to China.

References

 China Plant Specialist Group 2004.  Alphonsea tsangyuanensis.   2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.   Downloaded on 20 August 2007.

Category:Flora of China
tsangyuanensis
Category:Endangered plants
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot


List of number-one singles of 1968 (Canada)

This is a list of the weekly Canadian RPM magazine number one Top Singles chart of 1968.

 denotes Canadian Content.

See also
1968 in music

Hot 100 No. 1 Hits of 1968 (United States) by Billboard magazine
Cashbox Top 100 number-one singles of 1968 by Cash Box

References
Notes

External links
 Read about RPM Magazine at the AV Trust
 Search RPM charts here at Library and Archives Canada

Category:1968 in Canadian music
Canada Singles
1968


Julius Kaftan

Julius Wilhelm Martin Kaftan (30 September 1848 in Loit, North Schleswig – 27 August 1926, Berlin-Steglitz) was a Germany Protestant theologian.

Biography
Kaftan studied theology at the Universities of Erlangen, Berlin and Kiel. In 1874 he became an associate professor at the University of Basel, where in 1881 he was named a full professor of dogmatics and ethics. In 1883 he returned to Berlin as a successor to Isaak August Dorner. In 1906/07 he served as university rector.

From 1904 to 1925 he was a member of the Evangelical Oberkirchenrats (High Church Council) of the Prussian State Church, and since 1921, served as its spiritual vice-president. In this capacity, he was involved in the new church constitution of the Old Prussian Union (1922) and was chairman of the social committee of the German Federation of Protestant Churches.

Early in his career he was influenced by the teachings of Kant and Schleiermacher. Later on, he became a follower of Albrecht Ritschl, belonging to the conservative wing of the so-called "Ritschlian School". Unlike Ritschl, he placed particular emphasis on the importance of mystical experience in religion.

Published works
In 1897 he first published Dogmatik, which was for many years a standard work for young theologians (8th edition, 1920). His Die Wahrheit der christlichen Religion (1888) was later translated into English and published as "The truth of the Christian religion" (1894). Other noted works by Kaftan are:
 Die Predigt des Evangeliums im modernen Geistesleben (1879) – The preaching of the Gospel in the modern spiritual life.
 Das Wesen der christlichen Religion (1881) – The essence of the Christian religion.
 Das Christentum und Nietzsches herrenmoral (1897) – Christianity and Nietzsche's master morality.
 Jesus und Paulus; eine freundschaftliche Streitschrift gegen die Religionsgeschichtlichen Volkbücker von D. Bousset und D. Wrede (1906) – Jesus and Paul;  a friendly polemic against the history of religions books of Wilhelm Bousset and William Wrede.
 Philosophie des Protestantismus (1917) – Philosophy and Protestantism.

Further reading
 Werner Raupp: Kaftan, Julius Wilhelm Martin. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL), Vol. 14, Herzberg: Bautz 1998 (), Col. 1128–1133 (with detailed bibliography).

References

Category:1848 births
Category:1926 deaths
Category:Humboldt University of Berlin faculty
Category:University of Basel faculty
Category:19th-century German Protestant theologians
Category:20th-century German Protestant theologians
Category:People from Schleswig-Flensburg


Mordellistena minutella

Mordellistena minutella is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1968.

References

Category:Beetles described in 1968
minutella


Uskoci (disambiguation)

Uskoci may refer to:

Uskoks (Uskoci)
Uskoci, Croatia, a village in the municipality of Stara Gradiška


Jean-Bernard, abbé Le Blanc

Jean-Bernard, abbé Le Blanc (1707–1781, Paris) was a French art critic, one of the Parisian literati, who through his patron Mme de Pompadour was appointed historiographer of the Bâtiments du Roi, the defender of state expenditures and official French policy in the arts, and was also an advocate before the Parlement de Paris.

Le Blanc was born in Dijon.  His minor orders were strictly pro forma, and he made his reputation with the Lettres d'un François (1745), of which he made an English translation. He had been invited to England by a nobleman in 1737 and remained for a year and a half, passing easily at every level of society, and expressing his observations in ninety-two letters that concerned the English almost entirely, and concentrated on social observation, with a minority of letters on politics and literature, worked up from the notebooks he carried with him everywhere and filled with his jottings on the spot. The results were widely read and approved as the judicious appraisal of particular and characteristic English types, viewed dispassionately.

An early champion of Chardin, his two letters on the Paris salons, of 1747 and 1753, are a guide to enlightened contemporary taste and the defense of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, whose members had the exclusive right to exhibit at the Paris salons.

He was selected by Mme de Pompadour to accompany her brother Abel-François Poisson, future marquis de Marigny, on an educational trip to Italy in 1749–51, to prepare him for his post as director of the Bâtiments du Roi.

Le Blanc translated David Hume's Political Discourses (1752), and was entrusted, on leaving England, with a copy of Hume's History intended for Voltaire.

Selected publications
Élégies de Mr. L*. B*., avec un Discours sur ce genre de poésie et quelques autres pièces du mesme auteur..., Chaubert, ed., (Paris 1731).
Lettres d'un François, J. Neaulme, ed, (The Hague 1745). 3 vols. Republished at least twice, as Lettres de M. l'abbé Le Blanc, 1751 and 1758, and translated by Le Blanc himself as Letters on the English and French nations, including a letter from Voltaire, dated 12 January 1746, (London: J. Brindley, 1747.
Lettre sur l'exposition des ouvrages de peinture, sculpture &c, de l'Année 1747, Et en géneral, sur l'utilité de ces sortes d'expositions (Paris 1747) a response to the previous year's criticism of the Paris salon by M. La Font de Saint-Yenne.
Observations sur les Ouvrages de l'Académie de peinture et de sculpture (1753)
Translated David Hume, Discours politiques de M. Hume (Amsterdam 1754).
Translated John Tell Truth as Le Patriote anglois, ou Réflexions sur les hostilités que la France reproche à l'Angleterre et sur la réponse de nos ministres au dernier Mémoire de S. M. T. C., (Geneva 1756).
Dialogues sur les mœurs des Anglois, et sur les voyages considérés comme faisant partie de l'éducation de la jeunesse, Barthelemi Hochereau le jeune, éditeur, 9Paris: Hochereau) 1765. Le Blanc's English translation was published in London.
Aben Saïd, empereur des Mogols, tragédie en cinq actes et en vers..., (Paris: Prault) 1776.

All the available letters, preceded by a full-length introductory study, are in Hélène Monod-Cassidy, Un Voyageur-philosophe au XVIIIème siècle: l'abbé Jean-Bernard Le Blanc  (Harvard Studies in Comparative Literature 17) 1941.

His portrait, by Maurice Quentin de La Tour is at Saint-Quentin.

Notes

Category:1707 births
Category:1781 deaths
Category:People from Dijon
Category:French male writers


Suzanne Graff

Suzanne Graff is an American actress.

Biography
A native of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Graff performed onstage for several seasons at the American Folklore Theatre (AFT) in shows such as Lumberjacks in Love which  became one of the company's biggest box office hits.

She originated the role of the  wisecracking jill-of-all-trades  secretary Charlene “Charlie” Osmanski in the Off-Broadway production of  Zombies from The Beyond
  and played the role of the Effy, the gossipy postwoman, in the regional production of The Spitfire Grill. Other New York credits include performances in Twelfth Night with the Riverside Shakespeare Company.

She has performed in national tours of She Stoops to Conquer, As You Like It, Oedipus and A Midsummer Night’s Dream. In Milwaukee, she has appeared at the Skylight Opera Theatre and Theatre Tesseract. Other regional credits include She Loves Me at the Indiana Repertory Theatre and in the Twin Cities at the Great American History Theatre and the Jon Hassler Theater.

Since 1998, Graff and her husband, Jerry Gomis, have collaborated as producers for Door Shakespeare theatre, where her acting credits have included roles in productions such as Twelfth Night, the Merchant of Venice, Romeo and Juliet, The Merry Wives of Windsor  and Much Ado About Nothing.  She studied with acting teachers such as Paul Sills  and trained with the National Shakespeare Conservatory in New York.

References

Category:American stage actresses
Category:University of Delaware alumni
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Actresses from Milwaukee


Droiturier

Droiturier is a commune in the Allier department in central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Allier department

References
INSEE

Category:Communes of Allier
Category:Allier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Kia Goodwin

Kia Joy Goodwin (born August 2, 1973) is an American actress. She is best known for her childhood role as Tiffany Holloway, Rose Holloway's (played by Alaina Reed Hall) daughter on the NBC comedy sitcom 227 for two seasons (1985-1987).

Career
Goodwin made her first television appearance commercially in 1976 for such products as M&M's, Jello Pudding and AT&T. In 1981, she joined the First National Touring Company of Annie, where she played the role of Duffy. After the tour closed in 1982, she went on to join the final Broadway cast of Annie playing the roles of Tessie and then Kate. At the same time, she went on to work on an ABC Afterschool Special in 1981, then appeared in 1984's Growing Up on Broadway. In 1985, Goodwin was cast as Tiffany Holloway on the NBC television series, 227 as a series regular during the show's first season. Goodwin was dropped from the series after the first season, as writers found little to do with her character. The character was still mentioned as existing as late as season 3.

She appeared in the 1993 HBO Movie, Strapped as Latisha Jordan. In 1998 she appeared on Broadway again in Paul Simon's musical "The Capeman". Later that year she co-starred opposite Jennifer Aniston in the 1998 film, The Object of My Affection; two years later, she appeared as a Young Nurse in the 2000 movie, The Opportunists. She has also guest starred on television shows such as Jake In Progress, Platinum, Barbershop, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Law & Order.

External links

Category:Living people
Category:1973 births
Category:People from Montclair, New Jersey
Category:African-American actresses
Category:Actresses from New Jersey
Category:American child actresses
Category:American stage actresses
Category:American television actresses
Category:American film actresses
Category:20th-century American actresses
Category:21st-century American actresses


Traíras River (Goiás)

The Traíras River is a river of Goiás state in central Brazil.

See also
List of rivers of Goiás

References
Brazilian Ministry of Transport

Category:Rivers of Goiás


Ultimate Paradise

Ultimate Paradise was a Ghanaian tv series that was aired in the early 1990 – 2000.

Cast
George Williams
Rama Brew
Psalm Adjetefio
Omanza Eugene Shaw

References

Category:Ghanaian television series
Category:2000s Ghanaian television series
Category:1990s Ghanaian television series


Jafar (disambiguation)

Ja'far and alternative transliterations Jafar, Jaffar, Jafer, Jaffer or, in Egyptian Arabic pronunciation, Gafar, or in Turkish spelling of the name is Cafer, Bosniak Džafer and Albanian Xhafer, is an Arabic given name and surname.

Ja'far or Jafar may also refer to:

Places
 Jafar, Iran, a village in Lak Rural District, Serishabad District, Qorveh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran
 Joghghal-e Aviyeh, Iran, a village also known as Jafār, a village in Jaffal Rural District, in the Central District of Shadegan County, Khuzestan Province, Iran
 Ja'far, Hadhramaut, Yemen, a village in the Hadhramaut Governorate
 Mir Jafar, Iran, a village in Jabal Rural District, Kuhpayeh District, Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran

Arts and entertainment
 "Jafar", a 2009 song from the Ares album by Salt the Wound
 Jafar, the main antagonist of Disney's Aladdin
The Return of Jafar (also known as Aladdin 2: The Return of Jafar), 1994 American direct-to-video animated musical fantasy adventure film produced by Walt Disney as a sequel to


Mahmudabad-e Kordeh

Mahmudabad-e Kordeh (, also Romanized as Maḩmūdābād-e Kordeh) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Garmsar County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported.

References

Category:Populated places in Garmsar County


Dugald Carmichael

Dugald Carmichael (born 1772 in Stronacraoibh, Lismore Island, died 1827 in Appin) was a Scottish botanist and officer in the 72nd Highlanders. He is known as the "Father of Marine Botany".  The plant genus Carmichaelia is named after him.

He was a friend of Sir William Hooker.

References

Category:Scottish botanists
Category:Scottish marine biologists
Category:Marine botany
Category:1772 births
Category:1827 deaths
Category:Scottish soldiers
Category:72nd Highlanders officers
Category:People from Argyll and Bute
Category:18th-century British botanists
Category:19th-century British botanists
Category:18th-century Scottish people
Category:19th-century Scottish people


Haji Shahla Mosque

Haji Shahla Mosque () is a historical mosque of the fourteenth century. It is located in Balakhany village in the city of Baku in Azerbaijan.

History
The mosque was built at area of Balakhany Cemetery, on a high hill in 1385-1386. Over time, the monument was destroyed. However, in 2017, restoration works were started to be held on the mosque.

There were two lines of inscription on the entrance door. That text is as follows:"This is the mansion of Haji Shahla bin Shakir bin Mustafa Koshki. Year 787 (1385-1386)"

A little left from this inscription, there was also another inscription in Arabic slightly away from the door. On this, names of the masters of mosque were mentioned. This inscription with two lines, notes:"This is a work of Ustad Arif bin ustad Musa Jibal"

On these inscriptions, the monument was called a mansion, not a mosque.

See also
Shakiragha mausoleum

References

Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 15th century
Category:Mausoleums in Azerbaijan
Category:Tourist attractions in Baku