120 Minutes (British TV programme)

120 Minutes is a British music television programme that was broadcast nightly at 1am on MTV Two. In the tradition of the American show of the same name, it showcased music videos from "the newest, most innovative acts in rock, left field and electronic music".

In the United Kingdom and the rest of Europe, 120 Minutes was originally featured on MTV Europe from 1990, hosted during its first years by VJ Paul King and, from 1994 on, by ex-Wonder Stuff frontman Miles Hunt. It disappeared in late June 1995, but was replaced by a similar show, Alternative Nation, which was shown on MTV Europe on Tuesday nights at midnight CET (the same timeslot it has had since July 1995) until July 2010. 120 Minutes returned in 2003 to MTV2 Europe (now MTV Two), replacing a similar show, 2eclectic, which had sporadically occupied various late-night slots.

Format
The format of the show on MTV Two was different from the original United States programme and the show's previous incarnation on MTV Europe in that there were no VJs, commercial breaks, or MTV promotions. The only interruptions came in the form of an ident that played after every four videos. The two-hour strand concentrated on playing 'the real alternative', including new and classic left field indie, rock, electronica, hip-hop and avantgarde videos that may not have been played on other channels or during the daytime, although some videos were also played on the channel's Spanking New Music slots during the day.

Artists such as Franz Ferdinand, Kaiser Chiefs, and Bloc Party were first played on this show before they achieved commercial success, and many videos were played on 120 Minutes before branching out onto the MTV2 playlist. Regular artists on 120 Minutes also included The Fall, The Knife, Pavement, Sonic Youth, My Bloody Valentine, Kraftwerk and Björk.

MTV2 Europe have also aired many themed shows, including artist specials that played half-hour or two-hour discographies of certain artists including Björk, Kraftwerk and Hexstatic among others, as well as shows curated by people such as Franz Ferdinand, the Drowned In Sound team and Kitsuné Music and specials from the Triptych festival.

Themes
During 2005 and most of 2006, special themed 120 Minutes shows were aired: 120 Electronic Minutes on Tuesdays, 120 Pioneers on Thursdays, and 120 Metal Minutes on Fridays.

120 Metal Minutes
For about a year (2004–2005), MTV2 Europe ran a show named 120 Metal Minutes - a show which, like the title suggests, was two hours of heavy metal songs accompanied by their music videos. Regularly played bands included Pantera, The Dillinger Escape Plan, Alice in Chains, Mastodon, Slayer and Lamb of God. Over time, there was a noticeable change in the type of bands the show was supporting - often going as far as playing post-hardcore bands such as Funeral for a Friend or Alexisonfire. Shortly after the change of the show's style, ratings started to decline. Eventually, the show was cancelled and replaced with a UK version of Headbanger's Ball during early 2006, which consisted of one hour of back-to-back music videos. The show occasionally featured interview footage and music videos.

Time slot
The original time slot was on a Saturday night at 1 a.m. GMT, with the show being repeated on a Thursday at 2 a.m. From March 2005, the decision was made for 120 Minutes to be shown every night at 1 a.m. in addition to the 2 a.m. slot on Saturdays. In February 2006, the show moved forward to 12 a.m. every night (commercial breaks were inserted in the first hour of the show), with a 120 Taster, showcasing some of the videos played in the strand at an earlier time of 8 p.m. Since September 2006, the show has been pushed back once again to the 01.00 - 03.00 a.m. slot, running again without commercial breaks.

Cancellation
In January 2009, it appeared that 120 Minutes was being dropped from MTV2's schedule. The move prompted much criticism of MTV's decision, and an online campaign to try to save the show.

References

External links
MTV2 UK's official website - request threads can be found on the messageboards.
The Other Night on 120 Minutes... - playlists of the shows from 2007 until 2009.

Category:2000s British television series
Category:British music television programmes
Category:English-language television programs


Winona Municipal Airport

Winona Municipal Airport , also known as Max Conrad Field, is a public airport located three miles (five km) northwest of the central business district (CBD) of Winona, Minnesota and adjacent to Goodview along the Mississippi River, in Winona County, Minnesota, United States. It serves general aviation for Winona and the surrounding area. There is currently no scheduled air service.

Facilities and aircraft
Winona Municipal Airport covers an area of 575 acres (233 ha) at an elevation of 656 feet (200 m) above mean sea level. It has two asphalt paved runways: 12/30 is 5,680 by 100 feet (1,731 x 30 m) and 17/35 is 2,553 by 75 feet (778 x 23 m).

For the 12-month period ending September 30, 2016, the airport had 10,450 aircraft operations, an average of 29 per day: 92% general aviation, 8% air taxi and less than 1% military.
In March 2017, there were 37 aircraft based at this airport: 32 single-engine, 4 multi-engine and 1 jet.

Cargo operations

Historical Scheduled Service
 North Central Airlines offered schedule service on a route between Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport and Madison, WI with stops in Winona and La Crosse, WI in the 1960s using 26-seat Douglas DC-3 aircraft.
 Mississippi Valley Airlines offered scheduled air service using DHC-6 Twin Otters in the 1970s.

References

External links

Category:Airports in Minnesota
Category:Buildings and structures in Winona County, Minnesota
Category:Transportation in Winona County, Minnesota


Boreas (film)

Boreas () is a 2006 Turkish short drama film, written and directed by Belma Baş, in which a child observes the rustic life of her elderly relatives in a remote old house in the mountains. The film was premiered in competition at the 59th Cannes Film Festival and was shown at the 43rd Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival, where it won the Special Jury Prize. It was the basis for the director's feature debut Zephyr (2010).

Production
The film was shot on location in Ordu, Turkey.

References

External links

Category:2006 films
Category:Turkish films
Category:Turkish-language films
Category:2000s drama films
Category:Films set in Turkey


Dance Teacher (film)

Dance Teacher () is a 1952 Soviet drama film directed by Tatyana Lukashevich.

Plot
The film tells about a guy named Aldemaro from a poor noble family who is in love with the daughter of a rich signor. He comes up with a pseudonym and, introducing himself as a dance teacher, arrives at their house.

Starring
 Vladimir Zeldin as Aldemaro
 Mark Pertsovskiy as Belardo
 Tatyana Alekseeva as Florela
 Lyubov Dobrzhanskaya as Feliciana
 Vladimir Blagoobrazov as Tebano
 Mikhail Mayorov as Bandalino
 Yakov Khaletskiy as Tullio
 Georgiy Sorokin as Rikaredo
 S. Znamenskiy as Kornecho
 Genrietta Ostrovskaya as Lisena
 Fyodor Savostyanov as Andronio
 Boris Lesovoy as Alberigo

References

External links

Category:1952 films
Category:Soviet films
Category:Russian-language films
Category:Films based on works by Lope de Vega


Valley National Bank (disambiguation)

Valley National Bank or Valley National Bank Building may refer to:

Valley National Bank of New Jersey, a banking organization founded in 1927
Valley National Bank of Arizona, a defunct banking organization founded in 1900
 Valley National Bank (Casa Grande, Arizona), listed on the NRHP in Pinal County, Arizona
 Valley National Bank Building (Tucson, Arizona), listed on the NRHP in Arizona
Montezuma Valley National Bank and Store Building, Cortez, CO, listed on the NRHP in Colorado
Arkansas Valley National Bank, Pawnee, OK, listed on the NRHP in Oklahoma


Tarwin Lower, Victoria

Tarwin Lower is a small town located  south-east of Melbourne, Australia.  It rests on the south bank of the Tarwin River and at the , had a population of 115.

History
The original settlement is believed to have started at an area called Tarwin Meadows. The area south of Tarwin Lower is still called by this name. Tarwin Lower is on the banks of the Tarwin River.  The first major land-holder in the area was George Black. Black leased land from the Bass River through to Cape Liptrap. Black bought the Tarwin Meadows Run in 1851.(http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/black-george-2999)

Several drowning fatalities have occurred over the years primarily because of the tidal nature of the river. One of the most well-known is that of a young man who drowned in the river many years ago. His gravestone is situated on River Drive just before the roundabout.
Until 1990  camping along the banks of the river was a summer pastime for many families from around the state. This was discouraged because of the risk of flooding, and the lack of supervision of swimmers in a tidal river.

The Post Office opened on 1 February 1881.

The Town today
The majority of the town is on its main street — River Drive — and is often passed through by holiday makers on their way to nearby Venus Bay, or as a scenic route to Walkerville and Waratah Bay. The main shopping strip is home to several small shops [including supermarket], Community Church (Uniting and Anglican services alternate each Sunday, Catholic Mass on Saturday 6pm), local Mechanics Institute [hall], tennis courts and CFA. Behind River Drive is the small primary school and the Community Centre which hosts several small groups and is visited by doctors, welfare nurse and occasional other medical plus education services for under school-age children.

During main holiday weekends and periods throughout the year Tarwin Lower hosts a decent market catering to all tastes.  It is mainly based at the Mechanic's Institute hall and its surrounding land, and continues to sprawl each time it runs.

At the western end of the town is the local fishing jetty and a very long picnic table.

The town is home to the local football team, the Tarwin Sharks, who were premiers in 2004 in the local Alberton Football League.

Until recently a small golf-course operated on River Drive.

A walk along the boardwalk exists along the banks of the River from Venus Bay to Tarwin Lower. This is very busy during summer months with walkers and cyclists of all ages.

The town has hosted the Unify Gathering Heavy Music Festival from 2015 to 2019, and will again in 2020. The campsite and arena have been situated on the football grounds and surrounding fields.

Notable people
Notable people from or who have lived in the area of Tarwin Lower include:
 Frank Vale, cold storage industry and dairy factory industry pioneer

References

External links

Category:Towns in Victoria (Australia)
Category:Gippsland
Category:Coastal towns in Victoria (Australia)


Phillips baronets

The Phillips baronetcy, of Tylney Hall, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created for Lionel Phillips on 10 February 1912.

Phillips baronets of Tylney Hall (1912)
Sir Lionel Phillips, 1st Baronet (6 August 1855 – 2 July 1936)
Sir Lionel Francis Phillips, 2nd Baronet (9 March 1914 – 6 July 1944)
Sir Robin Francis Phillips, 3rd Baronet (born 29 July 1940)

See also
Phelipps baronets
Philipps baronets
Philips baronets
Philipson-Stow baronets
Phillipps baronets

References

Category:Baronetcies in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom


Martin Whitcombe

Martin Alun Whitcombe (born 14 September 1961 in Keighley, West Riding of Yorkshire) is an English former rugby union footballer who played in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, and coached in the 2000s.

He learnt to play rugby at Keighley RUFC and had a long playing career for Leicester Tigers, Bedford RFC, Sale FC, and Leeds Tykes, at prop i.e. 1 or 3. At a representative level he played for Yorkshire, The Northern Division, and England at 19 Group, Under 23 and England 'B'.

Early life
Martin Whitcombe was one of four children growing up in the family run business, the Airedale Heifer Inn a public house in Sandbeds, Keighley, which was run by his rugby playing father Frank Whitcombe Jr. He attended Crossflatts Primary School & Bingley Grammar School, where he was capped, four times by England Schools 19 Group in the 1980 Five Nations Tournament.

After leaving school Whitcombe joined the Royal Air Force as a Physical Training Instructor. This three part course included PTI training at RAF Cosford, the Basic Parachute Course at No. 1 Parachute Training School and Adventurous training at Llanrwst in North Wales. After passing out with the rank of Corporal, Whitcombe was posted to RAF North Luffenham in Edith Weston and living in the market town of Uppingham. This enabled Martin to accept an earlier invitation to join Leicester Tigers.

Royal Air Force & Combined Services Rugby

While in the RAF Whitcombe won the first of his fourteen caps as an Aircraftman while still under training at RAF Cosford, against the Royal Navy on the 28 February 1981 in the Inter Services Tournament at Twickenham & his second cap a week later against the Army.

In July 1981 Whitcombe visited the United States with the RAF rugby team, staying at Bergstrom Air Force Base in Texas the Royal Air Force team won the Austin Rugby Tournament defeating Houston in the final. Here Whitcombe played in the front five with two outstanding Royal Air Force forwards Peter Larter & John Orwin.

During his seven years of service, Whitcombe was part of the Royal Air Force team which went on to enjoy a golden era in the 1980s winning a hat-trick of Inter Service titles: in 1982 (for only the fourth time since 1945), then in 1985, and 1986. (The 1984 title was a triple tie.)

He represented the Combined Services rugby team twelve times, including three games against the very competitive Joinville Battalion of the French Armed Forces and on 30 November 1985 Wayne Shelford's New Zealand Combined Services team at Devonport Services R.F.C.. On 29 December 1981 he played against Tony Shaw's Australian Wallabies at Aldershot Military Stadium. He also played against Australia again at the same ground this time on 27 October 1984 against Andrew Slack's Australian Wallabie team. Whitcombe played against Canada at the US Portsmouth RFC on 14 October on their 1983 tour on England.

Club rugby career

Whitcombe joined Leicester Tigers in July 1981. Tigers' coach Chalkie White who was a unique, outspoken coach who demanded high levels of fitness, discipline and progressive rugby, selected him for his first game for the club against Northampton Saints away, on 16 October, he made his home début the following week against Swansea on 24 October at Welford Road and scored a try.

Martin represented Leicester Tigers against the Australian Wallabies at Welford Road on 25 November 1981; the Australian team was Captained by Mark Loane. Whitcombe played twice against the Barbarians during his Leicester career and toured Zimbabwe with Tigers in 1982, playing in both games against Zimbabwe in Harare and Bulawayo. In 1984 he played against The Gulf on the Middle East tour to Bahrain & Dubai and in 1985 to France. During Tigers game against Chambérien Olympique Rugby in an era with out the front row replacement system Whitcombe played most of the game with a broken fibula.

Whitcombe left Leicester in 1986 to join Bedford, captained by former Tigers player Andy Key, and played against Kenya in Nairobi as part of the clubs Centenary Season celebrations. At the start of the 1987 season he joined Sale, where he captained the club from 1992 to 1993 and was included on the Sale FC Club Honours Board in 1994. He played in the winning Courage league 1 team in 1993–1994. In 1996 he joined Phil Davies at Leeds Tykes for the last three years of his rugby career playing in two promotion winning teams and played against Tonga at Headingley on 26 November 1997.

In an article for the rugby paper in 2012 former Sale lock Dave Baldwin named Whitcombe as loose head prop in his Sale "dream team".

Representative honours

Whitcombe was capped by Leicestershire in the County Championship his first game was against East Midlands in November 1981. He won his first cap for Yorkshire, against Ulster at Ravenhill in 1986 and scoring a try on his debut. Later that season he played in the 22-11 victory over Middlesex in the 1986-87 Rugby Union County Championship final at Twickenham on 11 April 1987. He went on to make twenty one appearances for Yorkshire in the County Championship.

Whitcombe played for England U23 against England Students at Walsall RUFC on 10 April 1985 after this game he was picked to represent England 'B' for their game against Italy 'B' at Twickenham on 17 April 1985.

After leaving the RAF in 1987, Whitcombe accepted an opportunity to play in South Africa for Durban High School Old Boys, (DHSOB), a club he had represented in 1984.

DHSOB were led by former Natal hooker Don Spiers as chairman the team had some first class players including, the Blakeway brothers, Andrew & Lyle, Peter Edmonds and Greg Hamilton. As a result of Whitcombe's move to South Africa Ian McIntosh the then Natal, (now ), coach picked him to make his debut for the province along with his fellow prop Gerard Harding of Durban Harlequins and Empangeni number 8 Byron Kankowski to play for the provincial side against the touring Pacific Coast Grizzlys at Kings Park Stadium, Durban on 16 July 1988.

The 1988 Currie Cup was the 50th season in the Currie Cup competition since it started in 1889. On 23 July Whitcombe made his Currie Cup debut in Round Nine at home against Transvaal (now the Golden Lions) in the winning Natal team 22 - 18. In the Transvaal side that day was fellow Yorkshire team mate Peter Winterbottom.

Along with England and Harlequin's No 8 Chris Butcher (Natal) these three players represent only a handful of English players to play in the Currie Cup in the Apartheid era in South Africa. In June 1989 Whitcombe & Winterbottom were due to tour Zimbabwe with Yorkshire. Due to their breach of the Gleneagles Agreement both were declared undesirable alien's Persona non grata by Robert Mugabe's ZANU PF government as a result the tour was cancelled.

Whitcombe played for the Rest v England in the Final Trial at Twickenham on 3 January 1987 he was then selected for the England 'B' side to play against France 'B' at Welford Road Leicester, on 3 March 1989.

Northern Division
Together with Sale FC & England 'B' No 8 Andy McFarlane these two players played for the Northern Division for nine years, making their débuts together against the South West Division at Waterloo R.F.C. on 6 December 1986. The North won the Divisional Title in 1986, 1987 and 1992 they were runners up to London Division in 1989 & 1990.

Later that year on 19 October 1988 Whitcombe played for Northern Division on the winning side against Nick Farr-Jones Australian Wallabies 21 - 9 at Cross Green Otley. Then on 19 December 1989 against the USSR at Aspatria RUFC. Whitcombe played against Namibia in Windhoek in August 1992 as part of the preparations for the forthcoming Springbok tour of England. He played against Wales 'A' at Pontypool RFC on 14 October 1992, prior to playing against Naas Botha's South African Springboks at Elland Road Leeds on 10 November 1992. (This was the first Springbok tour after the Apartheid era.)

With the Northern Division Whitcombe played against Toulon and US Dax in August 1993 at Clermont-Ferrand and eighteen months later against Northern Transvaal (now the Blue Bulls) at Loftus Versfeld and against Namibia again at the National Rugby Stadium in Windhoek, in summer 1995.

With the Northern Division he toured Zimbabwe & Namibia in 1992, France in 1993 and South Africa & Namibia In 1995.

Working in Natal
During the 1980s, Whitcombe worked with Zulu civilians to rebuild infrastructure destroyed by local clashes between the African National Congress and the Inkatha Freedom Party in South Africa's black townships. On one occasion, Whitcombe witnessed a necklacing at KwaMashu.

Whitcombe worked firstly in the African townships outside Durban, at KwaMashu in the workers hostels in 'A' section and later 'L' section, and later rebuilding school security fences. Also at Ntuzuma & Umlazi and the locations at Imbali fifteen miles from Pietermaritzburg and Osizweni outside Newcastle, Natal.

Whitcombe also worked in the Indian townships at Chatsworth & Phoenix outside Durban.

Genealogical information
Whitcombe is the son of the former Rugby Union prop for North Eastern Counties, Yorkshire and Bradford RFC, Frank Whitcombe Jr and was the grandson of the former Bradford Northern and Great Britain Rugby league international Frank Whitcombe. He is nephew to the former Bradford RFC back row forward Brian Whitcombe.

George Whitcombe the footballer for Cardiff City, and baseball captain of Wales is the great uncle to Martin Whitcombe.

He is grandson to the former Rugby League  for Keighley RLFC Thomas Cockcroft and nephew to the former Keighley RLFC  William "Billy" Cockcroft

Martin Whitcombe is the father rugby union prop for England (Under-20s) and Leicester Tigers (2019/20 Development Squad); James William Whitcombe (born ).

Life after rugby

Whitcombe campaigned for many years for the Royal Air Force to receive official recognition for their many losses on the Keighley town cenotaph. This was finally granted on 10 November 2011 when a stone tablet designed by local artist David Ingham was unveiled by former RAF Bomber Command flight engineer Matt Holiday DFC with his friends Ian Walkden and Martin Whitcombe.

Whitcombe became involved with rugby again in 2006 as a rugby coach at Skipton RFC winning back to back promotions from Yorkshire 3 in 2006-07 and Yorkshire 2 in 2007-08, at Old Grovians RUFC the Yorkshire 4 league title in 2012-13 and Yorkshire 3 League title in 2014-15, and at Bradford & Bingley RFC the Yorkshire 1 league title in 2015-16

In May 2016 along with co author Bill Bridge, Whitcombe wrote 'The Indomitable Frank Whitcombe' , published by Saint David's Press, an account of Frank Whitcombe senior's rugby career

See also
 1981–82 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland
 1983 Canada rugby union tour of England
 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland
 1988 Australia rugby union tour of England, Scotland and Italy
 1992 South Africa rugby union tour of France and England
 1997 Tonga rugby union tour of Great Britain

References

 Farmer, Stuart & Hands, David "The Tigers Tale". The Official History of Leicester Football Club 1880–1993
 McIntosh, Ian "Mac The Face Of Rugby" Don Nelson Publishers, South Africa
 Humphrey, Egaire 1981-82 Australia Rugby Union Tour Of Britain And Ireland
 Sweet, Reg "Natal 100 Centenary of Natal Rugby Union"
 Soul, David with Douglas, Derek "Heart and Sole" An Autobiography
 Moore, Brian with Jones, Stephen " The autobiography Brian Moore"
 Moore, Brian "Beware of the Dog: Rugby's Hard Man Reveals All"
 Mace, John "The History of Royal Air Force Rugby 1919–1999"
 Roy, Neil & Beard, Phil "125 years of the Blues : The History of the Bedford Blues, 1886-2011"
 The Whitcombe Family Archive

External links

Category:1961 births
Category:Bedford Blues players
Category:Combined Services rugby union players
Category:Crawshays RFC players
Category:English historians
Category:English rugby union coaches
Category:English rugby union players
Category:English sportswriters
Category:Leeds Carnegie players
Category:Leicester Tigers players
Category:Living people
Category:Sharks (Currie Cup) players
Category:North of England Rugby Union team
Category:People educated at Bingley Grammar School
Category:Sportspeople from Keighley
Category:People from Yorkshire
Category:Royal Air Force airmen
Category:Royal Air Force Physical Training instructors
Category:Royal Air Force rugby union players
Category:20th-century Royal Air Force personnel
Category:Rugby union forwards
Category:Rugby union props
Category:Sale Sharks players
Category:Yorkshire County RFU players


Frederick W. Keator

Frederick W. Keator (October 22, 1855 – January 31, 1924) was an American lawyer who became an Episcopal priest and the third missionary bishop of Washington State, which encompassed that portion of Washington State west of the Cascade Range. It achieved full diocesan status (and a name change) during his tenure, so Rt.Rev. Keator became the first bishop of what became the Episcopal Diocese of Olympia.

Early and family life
Born to Mary Chapman Baldwin Keator and her husband Jermann Samuel Keator on October 22, 1855 in Honesdale, the county seat and a railroad terminus in Wayne County, Pennsylvania serving New York City and Pennsylvania's coal county. Young Keator moved to Moline, Illinois (another important railroad town) with his family by 1860.

He graduated from Yale University with a bachelor's degree in 1880 and two years later received an LLB. degree from Yale Law School. After admission to the Illinois bar, he practiced law in Chicago, Illinois. He later attended the Western Theological Seminary of Chicago, and graduated in 1891. He received a D.D. degree from Yale in 1895.

In 1896, when he was 39, Rev. Keator married 21 year old Emma Lyons n Chicago, and they would soon have a son, Frederic Keator, Jr.

Ministry
An Anglo-Catholic, Keating helped establish the Church of the Atonement in the developing Edgewater neighborhood of Chicago, which prompted him to leave his legal practice. After ordination both as a deacon and priest by bishop William Edward McLaren of Chicago in 1891, Rev. Keator served as the mission congregation's first priest-in-charge until 1896, shortly before it achieved full parish status. He then served congregations in Freeport, Illinois until 1898, and at St. John's Church in Dubuque, Iowa from 1899-1902.

Consecrated on January 8, 1902 by Presiding Bishop William Hobart Hare (former missionary bishop of South Dakota), as well as by Chicago bishop McLaren, bishop Cyrus F. Knight of Milwaukee, as well as bishops Nicholson, White, Edsall, Morrison, A. Williams, Anderson and Taylor, Rt.Rev. Keator reached his diocese on January 25 and soon established his residence in Tacoma. He served as the third Missionary Bishop of Washington State from 1902 until 1910, when the missionary district achieved full diocesan status (as well as a name change to distinguish it from not only the Episcopal Diocese of Spokane but also the diocese encompassing the national capital).

Among his various civic activities, Bishop Keator served as president of the Tacoma Public Library board from 1907 to 1910 and also 1912 to 1923. He also served on the boards of the Annie Wright Seminary, Whitman College in Walla Walla, and Tacoma General Hospital. Bishop Keator also served as the chaplain of the local Coast Guard Artillery Corps and the Washington State National Guard, and was a member of the Executive Council of the Episcopal Church (representing the Pacific region).

Rt. Rev. Keator became the first Bishop of Olympia upon its formation in 1910, and served until his death on January 31, 1924. The following year, Rev. Simeon Arthur Huston was elected to succeed him and was duly consecrated, and would move the diocesan seat to Seattle.

Death and legacy
Bishop Keator died of a heart attack on January 31, 1924 in New Haven, Connecticut while visiting his son, who had become an instructor in electrical engineering at Yale. He was also survived by his wife, and was buried in Tacoma cemetery in Tacoma, Washington. His papers are held by the Tacoma Public Library in their special collections.

External links

References

Category:1855 births
Category:1924 deaths
Category:Bishops of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America
Category:Yale University alumni
Category:People from Wayne County, Pennsylvania
Category:People from Chicago
Category:People from Tacoma, Washington


Davao del Norte F.A.

The Davao del Norte Football Association is a provincial football association under the Philippine Football Federation (PFF) which serves Davao del Norte area. As of 2015, it is led by president Renato Cosmod who is also simultaneously serving as Vice President of the PFF. The Davao del Norte F.A. sends a team to represent the region in the yearly PFF National Men's Club Championship.

References

Category:Football governing bodies in the Philippines
Category:Sports in Davao del Norte


1,5-anhydro-D-fructose dehydratase

In enzymology, a 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose dehydratase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

1,5-anhydro-D-fructose  1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-3-en-2-ulose + HO

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose, and two products, 1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-3-en-2-ulose and HO.

It catalyzes two steps in the anhydrofructose pathway process.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose hydro-lyase (ascopyrone-M-forming). Other names in common use include 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose 4-dehydratase, 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose hydrolyase, 1,5-anhydro-D-arabino-hex-2-ulose dehydratase, AFDH, AF dehydratase, and 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose hydro-lyase.

References

See also

 Anhydrofructose pathway
 Ascopyrone tautomerase
 exo-(1→4)-α-D-glucan lyase

Category:EC 4.2.1
Category:Enzymes of unknown structure


Phytoecia wachanrui

Phytoecia wachanrui is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Étienne Mulsant in 1851. It is known from Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iran, and Turkey.

References

Category:Phytoecia
Category:Beetles described in 1851


Siouxland Veterans Memorial Bridge

The Siouxland Veterans Memorial Bridge is a through arch bridge which carries U.S. Route 77 across the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa and South Sioux City, Nebraska.

The bridge replaced the Combination Bridge, so called because it carried both rail and highway traffic, built in 1896.  The new bridge was dedicated in July 1981, and the old one demolished.  However, in May 1982 a  crack was discovered in the downstream tie girder.  The bridge was hurriedly closed, and measures taken to ensure that it would not collapse into the river, affecting barge traffic.  Initially, it was estimated that repairs would take six days; in fact, the bridge was completely closed for seven months, and did not fully re-open to traffic until May 1983.

See also

 List of crossings of the Missouri River

References

Category:Road bridges in Nebraska
Category:Buildings and structures in Dakota County, Nebraska
Category:Monuments and memorials in Iowa
Category:Monuments and memorials in Nebraska
Category:Bridges completed in 1981
Category:Through arch bridges in the United States
Category:Buildings and structures in Sioux City, Iowa
Category:Transportation buildings and structures in Woodbury County, Iowa
Category:Road bridges in Iowa
Category:Bridges over the Missouri River
Category:U.S. Route 77
Category:Bridges on the United States Numbered Highways


Ševkija Resić

Ševkija Resić (born 4 December 1999) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bosnian Premier League club Čelik Zenica, on loan from Sarajevo.

Honours
Sarajevo
Bosnian Premier League: 2018–19
Bosnian Cup: 2018–19

References

External links
Ševkija Resić at Soccerway

Category:1999 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Tuzla
Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina footballers
Category:Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players
Category:FK Sarajevo players
Category:NK Čelik Zenica players
Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina youth international footballers
Category:Association football midfielders


Mezzalama Trophy

The Mezzalama Trophy (, , a.k.a. white marathon) is an Italian high altitude ski mountaineering competition in upper Valtournenche and Ayas valleys, in Aosta Valley.

The Mezzalama Trophy, that belongs to the "big three of ski mountaineering" () besides the two other best-known and classical skimountaineering events, the Patrouille des Glaciers and the Pierra Menta, is the highest alpine ski mountaineering competition of the world. The event in the Monte Rosa's massif was named in honor of the mountain guide Ottorino Mezzalama.

The Mezzalama Trophy is a stage of La Grande Course that includes the most important ski mountaineering competitions of the season.

History
The Mezzalama Trophy Foundation was founded by friends of Ottorino Mezzalama in 1933 in his memory, one of them was Mario Corti. The race was held every year from 1933 and to 1938. Entry was open only to men; the first female participant is presumed to be Paula Wiesinger, who had been invited to view the race in 1935. When Giusto Gervasutti withdrew due to injury, she put on his military uniform and cap and, wearing sunglasses, ran instead of him, but was discovered at a checkpoint. The 1935 Trofeo Mezzalama was filmed by Mario Craveri in his film "Maratona Bianca".

After 1938 the race was discontinued (except that in 1940 a platonic race was carried out under the name marcia nazionale Ottorino Mezzalama by the Ski Club Torino). Further races were held in 1971, 1973, 1975, and in 1978, and the Mezzalama Trophy was revived as a regular biennial race with the eleventh race in 1997.

In 1975, the Mezzalama Trophy was held as World Championship of Skimountaineering. 33 civilian teams, 12 mountain guide teams and 11 military teams participated in this event. In that year, the first female team competed officially. Together with the Pierra Menta and the Tour du Rutor event, the Mezzalama Trophy is part of the Trophée des Alpes (French for Alps' Trophy) series.

Editions and winners
The list shows the winning teams for each edition of the Trofeo Mezzalama.

In 1934, all competing teams were overtaken by the German reserve racer Anderl Heckmair, who started as a single racer one and a half hours after the teams left.

Literature
 Umberto Pelazza, Antonio Vizzi: Il Trofeo Mezzalama 1933-1997 : Storia e leggenda della sci-alpinistica piu alta del mondo (Italian) (Aosta) - ed. La Vallee, 1999
 Rolf Majcen: Bergauf - Abenteuer Ausdauersport (German)

References

External links
 Official Website
 Mezzalama at euroski-on-line.com

Category:Ski mountaineering competitions
Category:Skiing in Italy
Category:Sport in Aosta Valley
Category:1933 in Italy


Parker's leaf-toed gecko

Parkers leaf-toed gecko (Hemidactylus megalops) is a species of gecko. It is endemic to Somalia.

References

Category:Hemidactylus
Category:Reptiles described in 1932
Category:Taxa named by Hampton Wildman Parker
Category:Reptiles of Somalia
Category:Endemic fauna of Somalia


Magik (comics)

Magik was a four-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics in 1983–1984, starring the fictional characters Magik and Storm. The series title is consistently displayed on the covers as Storm and Illyana: Magik, but the official title as listed in the indicia is the reverse: Magik: Illyana and Storm. It was written by Chris Claremont and illustrated by John Buscema, Ron Frenz, Sal Buscema,  and Tom Palmer.

Publication
Because of the popularity of the Uncanny X-Men during the 1980s under Chris Claremont, a number of mutant related properties were created, most notably The New Mutants from which this series spun off.

Continuity
The main plot takes place in mere seconds of canonical Marvel time, but covers seven years of Illyana's life in Limbo. The events occur between panels of The Uncanny X-Men #160 (August '82), with a very brief cameo in The New Mutants #14 (April '84). In X-Men #160 Illyana is kidnapped by Belasco at age 6 and returns in the same issue at age 13.

Plot
Magik tells the story of Illyana Rasputin from a six-year-old child to a thirteen-year-old mutant/sorceress.  The narrative is framed by Illyana reflecting on these events on her fourteenth birthday.

Belasco, demon lord of Limbo, wants to use Illyana to help the Elder Gods destroy Earth. To do this he has to place five bloodstones in a pentagon locket he has given to Illyana. When he first captures her at age six, he takes part of her soul and remakes it in his image, creating a bloodstone which he places in the locket. An elderly sorceress version of Storm (a former apprentice of Belasco) and an elderly, part beast version of Kitty Pryde (codenamed Cat) rescue Illyana. Storm transports them to her garden sanctuary in Limbo. Unable to remove Belasco's corruption from Illyana, Storm decides to help her combat it by taking her on as an apprentice. She spends a year showing Illyana how to separate her astral body from her physical form, while showing her a massive oak that grew from an acorn she created. Disapproving of Illyana being trained in sorcery, Cat kidnaps her.

Cat takes Illyana to a replica of the Savage Land in Limbo, where she trains her physically and teaches her to sword fight. They then storm Belasco's tower. It is protected by a corrupted version of Nightcrawler, whom Cat kills. Cat then attempts to use her phasing power to take her and Illyana to Earth, but Belasco intercepts them. Belasco turns Cat into a feline demon and gives Illyana a knife. Illyana cuts herself, and the blood forms the second bloodstone in the locket.

Illyana spends three years learning magic from Belasco, while secretly reading every book in his library, plotting his downfall. Alone in her room, she attempts to imitate the creation powers Storm showed her by forming an acorn from a part of herself, only to find the acorn is black and rotten. Hearing Belasco's voice outside her room, she panics, and her mutant power to create teleportational light discs manifests itself. Illyana uses a disc to enter Belasco's library, hoping to steal his grimoire, but Storm intervenes, accidentally sending her into another disc. She finds herself in the past, witnessing Storm "killing" Belasco, who claims to be immune to death while in Limbo; it is this act which binds Storm to Belasco. She teleports back to the present to find Storm battling Belasco. Cat fatally wounds Storm, then attacks Illyana. She kills Cat in self-defense. Belasco orders her to sacrifice Storm's soul to the Elder Gods. Instead, she kills Storm to save her soul and teleports to Storm's garden, where she buries her. Enraged by her defiance, Belasco captures Illyana, extracts another bloodstone from her essence, and casts her out into a wintery wilderness as punishment.

Illyana finds Storm's massive oak and spends years trying to use it to help create a living acorn from her essence, only to produce still more rotten acorns. When the oak finally crumbles to dust from her efforts, Illyana realizes that she was only trying to create life as a means to an end: destroying Belasco. She tries instead to manifest her desire directly, using the last of her power to create a "Soulsword". The enchantment that held her in Storm's garden is banished in the process and she takes a stepping disc to confront Belasco. While fighting Belasco she realizes she is replaying the same scene by which Storm was corrupted, so she spares his life and he escapes. She then uses a light circle to return to Earth, rejoining the X-Men seconds after she had left them.

Notes
After being out-of-print for a few decades, the series was collected as a hardcover graphic novel titled X-Men - Magik: Storm & Illyana and released in December 2008.

See also
The New Mutants

References

External links
Chronological timeline for Illyana Rasputin (Magik) at cuug.ab.ca
Magik at comicsresearch.com

Category:1983 comics debuts
Category:1984 comics endings
Category:Comics by Chris Claremont
Category:Marvel Comics limited series


Ben Hockin

Benjamin Hockin Brusquetti (born 27 September 1986) is an Olympic freestyle swimmer, who has swum international for both Great Britain and Paraguay (his father is British, his mother is Paraguayan).

Hockin represented Great Britain at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay swimming events where his team finished eighth.

He swam for Paraguay at the 2010 South American Games, where he won 3 silver medals and a bronze medal. However, Hockin did not follow the proper steps to switch his sport nationality and has been banned for one year (retroactive to 23 May 2010).

In September 2011, Hockin was named the flag bearer for Paraguayan team at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he was Paraguay's flagbearer, and competed in the 100 and 200 m freestyle and the 100 m butterfly.

He competed again in the 2016 Summer Olympics held in Rio de Janeiro in the 100 m freestyle category, and finished 44th.

References

External links
British Olympic Association athlete profile
British Swimming athlete profile

Category:1986 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Barranquilla
Category:Male freestyle swimmers
Category:British male swimmers
Category:Paraguayan male swimmers
Category:Olympic swimmers of Great Britain
Category:Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Category:Swimmers at the 2011 Pan American Games
Category:Swimmers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic swimmers of Paraguay
Category:Pan American Games bronze medalists for Paraguay
Category:Swimmers at the 2015 Pan American Games
Category:Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Category:Paraguayan people of British descent
Category:British people of Paraguayan descent
Category:South American Games silver medalists for Paraguay
Category:South American Games bronze medalists for Paraguay
Category:South American Games medalists in swimming
Category:Competitors at the 2010 South American Games
Category:Competitors at the 2018 South American Games


Tetbury branch line

The Tetbury branch line was a seven and a half mile long single track branch railway line that connected Tetbury with the main line at Kemble on the line between Swindon and Gloucester.

It opened in 1889. Usage declined after 1930 as road competition became stronger. In 1959 diesel railbuses were used for the line's passenger services; this initiative halted the decline, but did not reverse the financial losses on the line, and it closed completely in 1964.

The main line at Kemble
Following on from the successful completion of the Great Western Railway between London and Bristol, there was a desire to open further railways connecting other important centres to the emerging railway network. The Cheltenham and Great Western Union Railway was authorised in 1836 to build a line connecting Swindon (on the London to Bristol main line) and Cheltenham. In fact the C&GWUR ran into financial difficulties, and was unable to open its line promptly throughout, but it opened a section from Swindon to Cirencester via Kemble, on 31 May 1841.

The Great Western acquired the partly built C&GWUR line in 1843 and proceeded with the construction of the remainder of the line. It opened onwards from Kemble on 12 May 1845, and there was a station named Tetbury Road. It was located close to the present-day Thames Head public house, immediately north of the Cirencester to Tetbury main road.

The line was broad gauge, until gauge conversion in 1872. Tetbury Road station closed in 1882, remaining in service as Coates Goods depot.

A line to Tetbury
The Railway Mania brought a huge number of railway schemes to the fore, and in the peak year of 1845 a Wiltshire and Gloucestershire Junction Railway was put forward. Running broadly north to south from Stonehouse to Chippenham, it would have passed close to Tetbury, but it was not built in the proposed form. Subsequently several schemes for north-south long-distance routes came and went.

A realistic proposal came forward when the independent Swindon and Cheltenham Railway put forward a scheme for an extension of its own (as yet unbuilt) line. Its own main line was to run north from Swindon through Cirencester, and the extension would be a branch from Siddington, on its main line south of Cirencester, to Tetbury, crossing the GWR line. The GWR did not welcome a new line making a further encroachment into territory it considered its own, and it opposed the scheme in Parliament in 1883. To kill off the proposal it gave a formal undertaking to build a Tetbury branch itself.

Accordingly in the 1884 session of Parliament, the GWR sought authorisation of a line from Kemble to Tetbury, 7 miles 6 chains in length, at an estimated cost of £68,000, and the construction was authorised by Act of 7 August 1884.. The GWR displayed no urgency in constructing the line and it was not until late 1887 that work started.

Construction and opening
The earthworks were generally rather light, the greatest difficulty being cutting through a spur of rock near Tetbury to make a flat area for the goods yard part of the station. On 20 November 1889 Col Rich inspected the line on behalf of the Board of Trade; he reported that the standard gauge permanent way consisted of 80 lb per yard Vignoles rail, fang bolted to transverse sleepers; the gauge was standard. The line was single track, worked by train staff, and there were signal boxes at Kemble and at Tetbury, and the block telegraph was used. A siding at Culkerton was accessed by the use of a ground frame released by a key on the train staff..

The line opened to the public on 2 December 1889.

Train service
The initial train service consisted of five passenger trains each way daily, except Sundays. It appears that mixed trains were the rule; in 1902 the 8.35 and 10.10 trains from Kemble, and the 11.50 a.m. trains from Tetbury were regularly mixed trains.

In the first few years of the twentieth century there were six return trains daily, taking between 17 and 25 minutes for the journey; the two mixed trains were allowed thirty minutes.

Signalling improvements
By 1910 the train staff system of operation was updated using the Webb and Thompson electric train staff system. The branch was controlled from Kemble West signalbox, and the signalbox at Tetbury. In 1929 the West box and the east box which controlled the Cirencester line, were abolished, and a new 62 lever box commissioned. From 1936 the Tetbury line was worked by the one engine in steam system. There were six round train trips daily at that time.

The main line passenger train service was augmented considerably after World War II but the connections to and from the Tetbury line were sporadic.

Changes to infrastructure
There was originally only a single intermediate station on the line, at Culkerton, but another, Rodmarton Platform, was added on 1 September 1904. Rodmarton Platform was the first GWR stopping palce to be designated "platform"; the term had been used in Scotland, to distinguish from a "halt".

The station at Tetbury was originally constructed of timber, possibly to enable continuation of the line beyond Tetbury later. In 1916 the station building was in a poor condition, and a brick replacement was built.

An additional wooden-platformed halt was added at Jackament's Bridge on 3 July 1939, to serve the nearby RAF aerodrome but this closed after the war in September 1948.

Due to low usage, Culkerton station was closed on 5 March 1956, but it was later re-opened for the diesel railbus service.

Engines and rolling stock
For most of its existence the daily routine on the branch line was the running of 8 trains per day up and down the line operated by steam tank engines. The passenger service usually consisted of two or three carriages and any freight wagons were added to the passenger train. The train engine performed any required shunting of goods wagons; for that reason the auto-train system was generally not favoured because of the time involved in uncoupling the through control mechanism if the engine was to be uncoupled from the passenger vehicle.

At first 0-4-2 side tanks such as the 517 Class were the main engine power on the line; later the 48XX and 58XX classes were in use, and later still 0-6-0 pannier tanks such as the 1600 Class predominated.

The GWR appears never to have used their diesel railcars on the line.

Sentinel locomotives
In 1926 the GWR purchased two patent geared, four-wheeled steam locomotives from the Sentinel Waggon Works. They had vertical boilers set within the cab, rather than at one end. Capable of a speed of 15 mph, No 12 was tested on the Tetbury branch, but it was not a success.

Railbuses
Passenger business on the line declined sharply from the 1930s and further after 1945. In a cost-cutting measure aimed at reviving the fortunes of the line, diesel railbuses were introduced on the passenger service on February 1959, in combination with the Cirencester branch. The train service frequency was improved, and Culkerton station (which had been closed in 1956) was re-opened as a halt, and there were new halts at Church's Hill and Trouble House. The service of eight trains Monday to Saturday only, was provided by AC four-wheeled railbuses; they were powered with 150 hp BUT diesel engines, and could seat 46.
The train crew numbered two, with the guard selling tickets, avoiding staff cost at Tetbury booking office. The new halts were low-level platforms, reached from the railbus by extending steps.

At first there was a marked upsurge in passenger usage, to almost 13,000 annually, but this was not sustained. However the service still lost money.

Accidents
Early in the operation of the line, a fatality occurred on 9 October 1891 when an 85-year-old man, Mr William Russell, who was partially deaf, was hit at the Larkhill crossing by the 5.20 from Kemble "literally cutting him to pieces, scattering his members about the line in horrible dissection". Later that year a man was crushed to death by a 4-ton stone boulder while trimming back the rock cutting in Tetbury station yard. In June 1900 Miss Olive Mitchell, the proprietress of a Tetbury grocer’s shop, while returning from a stay in Gloucester Lunatic Asylum, threw herself in front of a goods train at Kemble.

Soon after World War II when there were still enough servicemen in the area to warrant the use of a NAAFI wagon to deliver supplies to Tetbury one such wagon was pushed through the goods shed doors by its unattended engine.

Closure
Following the Beeching Report of 1963 the line was earmarked for closure. The goods service on the line was discontinued on 4 August 1963. The last scheduled passenger train ran on 4 April 1964, but a steam-hauled special on ran on the line on 5 April 1964; it was organised by the Gloucester Railway Society.

In July contractors began lifting the track and the process was completed by the autumn. In the early 1970s the station and engine shed were demolished. British Rail retained the land at Tetbury, and the goods shed was rented out and used as a warehouse by coal merchants and a tyre company, until it was sold to Tetbury Town Council in the mid-1990s.

Locations

 Kemble; main line station; opened 1 May 1882; still open;
 Jackaments Bridge Halt; opened 3 July 1939; closed 27 September 1948;
 Rodmarton platform; opened 1 September 1904; closed 6 April 1964;
 Church's Hill Halt; opened 2 February 1959; closed 6 April 1964;
 Culkerton; opened 2 December 1889; closed 5 March 1956; reopened 2 February 1959; closed 6 April 1964;
 Trouble House Halt; opened 2 February 1959; closed 6 April 1964;
 Tetbury; opened 2 December 1889; closed 6 April 1964.

Notes

References

External links
 Pictorial Line History (pdf)
 Line History David Lloyd website
 Line History

Category:Closed railway lines in South West England
Category:Rail transport in Gloucestershire
Category:Railway lines opened in 1889


George Alley

George Alley (died 1912), Irish Methodist.

Alley was a younger brother of William Nassau Alley. He became a minister in 1852, and upon his death, it was said that "Seldom has the Church been favoured with a man so complete in character and adaptation for our work." His son, James Murdock Alley, was also a Methodist minister.

References
 Methodism in Galway, Dudley Levistone Cooney, Galway, 1978

Category:People from County Galway
Category:1912 deaths
Category:19th-century births
Category:Irish Methodists


Mount Perkins

Mount Perkins () is a mountain at the east end of the Fosdick Mountains in the Ford Ranges, Marie Byrd Land. It was discovered by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition on the Northeastern Flight of December 15–16, 1934, and named for Jack E. Perkins, who was a biologist at the United States Antarctic Service (USAS) West Base (1939–41) and the leader of a biological party which visited this area in December 1940.

References

Category:Mountains of Marie Byrd Land


Gentian Lake

Gentian Lake is an alpine lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the White Cloud Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  Although no trails lead to the lake, it can be accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 601.

Gentian Lake is southeast of D. O. Lee Peak, upstream of Cove Lake, and in the same basin as Boulder and Snow Lakes.

References

See also
 List of lakes of the White Cloud Mountains
 Sawtooth National Recreation Area
 White Cloud Mountains

Category:Lakes of Idaho
Category:Lakes of Custer County, Idaho
Category:Glacial lakes of the United States
Category:Glacial lakes of the Sawtooth National Forest


Dickerson Whitewater Course

The Dickerson Whitewater Course, on  the Potomac River near Dickerson, Maryland, was built for use by canoe and kayak paddlers training for the 1992 Olympic Games in Spain.  It was the first pump-powered artificial whitewater course built in North America, and is still the only one anywhere with heated water. It remains an active training center for whitewater slalom racing, swiftwater rescue training, and other whitewater activities.

The facility is owned by the NRG Energy company.  Except during special events, access requires membership in the Potomac Whitewater Racing Center, a USA Canoe/Kayak National Training Center.

The course was constructed in 1991, inside a pre-existing straight, -long concrete channel,  wide.  Since 1959, the channel has returned cooling water from the Dickerson Generating Station to the Potomac River,  upstream from Washington, D.C.  Water is pumped from the river, warmed as much as 35 °F (20 °C) as it cools the power plant's three coal-fired generators, and then emptied into the channel for gravity flow back to the river.  (The plant has three other generators which use a different cooling system.)

Streamflow through the course is  to , depending on the operation of the plant's three coal-fired generators and their six cooling water pumps.  In the summer months, when water temperature in the channel exceeds , the course is closed for health reasons.  It is also closed when the Potomac River rises above  on the Little Falls gauge , flooding the lower section of the course.

History
In the 1960s, local canoe and kayak paddlers began conducting winter practice in the heated Potomac River water immediately below the discharge channel.  Nearly three decades went by before paddler Scott Wilkinson got the idea of moving the practice up into the concrete-lined channel itself.  In 1991, he sold his idea to two of the power plant managers, and, in support of the 1992 Olympics team, the Potomac Electric Power Company, Pepco, which owned the plant at the time, approved the insertion of approximately 75 artificial concrete boulders and two wing dams into the channel.

Wilkinson's fellow paddler John Anderson, an architect, built a 1:12 scale model with flow-diversion features similar to those in the Segre Olympic Park artificial course in La Seu d'Urgell, Spain, built for the 1992 games.  The model was tested at the Navy's David Taylor Model Basin.

Construction companies building combustion turbine units on (and for) the Pepco Site, donated time and equipment, and the course was opened in December 1991.  The first race was held in June 1992.  Athletes who trained at the Dickerson course won bronze and gold medals in the 1992 Olympics, and others have continued to win Olympic medals and world championships in subsequent years.

The course was redesigned in the fall of 2002, once again by John Anderson.  A new scale model was built, this one outdoors and onsite.  After testing his new arrangement of flow-diversion features on the model, he specified new locations for some of the artificial boulders.  The wing dam on the left side was moved downstream into section four.  A crane was deployed for the moving job.

In October 2003 a persistent problem at the end of the course was fixed.  Whenever the Potomac River level is below  on the Little Falls gauge , there is a sheer drop between the end of the concrete channel and the river.  In certain conditions of high course flow and low river level, a stream-wide retentive hydraulic, or "sticky hole," posed a hazard to paddlers who failed to correctly "boof stroke" across the drop.  It was a worse problem for paddlers who had made a wet exit from an upside-down boat and were swimming the course.

This feature was modified by adding a concrete slab under the drop and two trapezoid-shaped diverters on the sides.  The hydraulic was converted into a central tongue of water ending in a wave train, with an eddy on each side.

Present course design
The course has four  sections, connected in a straight line, end-to-end, with a  drop at the end of each section.  A final  section ends in the river, with or without a drop, depending on the river level.  Overall slope adds another seven feet of drop, for a total course drop of 15 feet (4.6 m), plus zero to four feet (0 to 1.2 meters) into the river at the end.  The following map shows the arrangement of the visible and submerged features.

To use the course without a certified instructor present, a paddler must pass a "blue card" test: namely, pause in each of the numbered eddies, in sequence, and roll in the current, not in an eddy, between eddies 1 and 5 at the top, and again between eddies 1 and 5 at the bottom.  During the blue card test, the course must be running near full flow, , and the river must be low enough that there is a significant drop from the bottom of the course into the river.

Unique features of the course
Because the water channel was designed for an industrial, rather than a recreational, function, there are no wide pools to serve as resting spots, and there is no easy way off the water, short of the end.  The water is deceptively fast, and all but two of the eddies have swirling water with an upstream component.  From the river, paddlers must carry their boats the length of the course to re-enter and make another run.

There are two other artificial whitewater courses in the mid-Atlantic region: in Charlotte, NC, and McHenry, MD.  The Charlotte course, U.S. National Whitewater Center, USNWC, opened in 2006, and the McHenry course, Adventure Sports Center International, ASCI, opened in 2007.  They do not have heated water.  The Dickerson Power Plant operates at a fraction of what it did 10 years ago, so the heated water is decreased accordingly. They both feature circular water channels with conveyor belt lifts from the course end to the beginning, plus bigger drops, wider eddies, mid-course pools, and guided raft trips for tourists.  Dickerson is for decked, hard-shell boats only.  All three facilities are used for canoe and kayak training and as venues for competitions.

Gallery

Washington Post full-page graphic

References

Video Links
 The course at low flow, medium flow, and full flow.
 Kibler's Hole at medium flow.
 Slide Show 2006
 The Bottom Hole before the 2003 fix.
 Two complete slalom runs 1 and 2 by 2008 U.S. Olympian Scott Parsons.

Category:Artificial whitewater courses
Category:Sports venues in Maryland
Category:Canoeing and kayaking venues in the United States


Barrama

Barrama is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. It contains only the Barrama impunctata species.

References

Category:Oenochrominae


Pseudopharus amata

Pseudopharus amata is a moth in the family Erebidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1900. It is found in Venezuela and Peru.

References

Category:Phaegopterina
Category:Arctiinae of South America
Category:Moths described in 1900


Longport railway station

Longport railway station is a station serving the areas of Longport, Middleport, Tunstall and Burslem, all districts in the northern part of Stoke-on-Trent,  England. The station is served by trains on the Crewe to Derby Line, which is also a community rail line known as the North Staffordshire line. The station also has two trains a day on the Stoke-on-Trent to Manchester Piccadilly line. The station is owned by Network Rail and managed by East Midlands Railway.

History
The station was opened by the North Staffordshire Railway (NSR) on 9 October 1848 and was then named Burslem.  It was renamed to Longport when a new  station (which was much nearer to the town) opened after the NSR built their Loop Line.

Until 2003 Longport along with  were request stops on Central Trains services running from the station.

Location and Facilities
Longport is currently un-staffed. The station has 2 platforms both of which are wheelchair accessible. The Footbridge at the station is however not wheelchair accessible.

The station is adjacent to Longbridge Hayes industrial estate and the A500 road, as such, it sees a number of "park and ride" commuters. Longport station has its own bus stop which is served by routes 94, 98, and 99. These serve the nearby town of Newcastle-under-Lyme, for which Longport is the closest station.

This station is also the closest to Port Vale F.C..

The station has cycle parking facilities, and a waiting shelter and real-time information displays on each platform.

The former station buildings have been sold into private ownership, and have now been converted into a Hindu wedding venue.

Services
The main passenger services are the hourly East Midlands Railway service from Crewe to Derby with the majority of services operated by Class 153 DMUs.

Longport is also served by two Northern services to , ,  which operate in the early morning, these services are always operated by Class 323 electrical multiple units.

Services operated by Avanti West Coast, CrossCountry and London Northwestern do not call at Longport. During severe disruption or engineering works London Northwestern trains additionally call at Longport.

References

External links

Category:Railway stations in Stoke-on-Trent
Category:Former North Staffordshire Railway stations
Category:Railway stations opened in 1848
Category:Railway stations served by East Midlands Railway
Category:Railway stations served by Northern (train operating company)


Leaky abstraction

In software development, a leaky abstraction is an abstraction that leaks details that it is supposed to abstract away.

As coined by Joel Spolsky, the Law of Leaky Abstractions states:

This statement highlights a particularly problematic cause of software defects: the reliance of the software developer on an abstraction's infallibility.

Spolsky's article gives examples of an abstraction that works most of the time, but where a detail of the underlying complexity cannot be ignored, thus leaking complexity out of the abstraction back into the software that uses the abstraction.

History
The term "leaky abstraction" was popularized in 2002 by Joel Spolsky. An earlier paper by Kiczales describes some of the issues with imperfect abstractions and presents a potential solution to the problem by allowing for the customization of the abstraction itself.

Effect on software development
As systems become more complex, software developers must rely upon more abstractions. Each abstraction tries to hide complexity, letting a developer write software that "handles" the many variations of modern computing.

However, this law claims that developers of reliable software must learn the abstraction's underlying details anyway.

Examples
Spolsky's article cites many examples of leaky abstractions that create problems for software development:
 The TCP/IP protocol stack is the combination of TCP, which tries to provide reliable delivery of information, running on top of IP, which provides only 'best-effort' service. When IP loses a packet TCP has to retransmit it, which takes additional time. Thus TCP provides the abstraction of a reliable connection, but the implementation details leak through in the form of potentially variable performance (throughput and latency both suffer when data has to be retransmitted).
 Iterating over a large two-dimensional array can have radically different performance if done horizontally rather than vertically, depending on the order in which elements are stored in memory. One direction may vastly increase cache misses and page faults, both of which greatly delay access to memory.
 The SQL language abstracts away the procedural steps for querying a database, allowing one to merely define what one wants. But certain SQL queries are thousands of times slower than other logically equivalent queries. On an even higher level of abstraction, ORM systems, which isolate object-oriented code from the implementation of object persistence using a relational database, still force the programmer to think in terms of databases, tables, and native SQL queries as soon as performance of ORM-generated queries becomes a concern.
 Although network file systems like NFS and SMB let one treat files on remote machines as if they were local, the connection to the remote machine may slow down or break, and the file stops acting as if it were local.
 The ASP.NET web forms programming platform, not to be confused with ASP.NET MVC, abstracts away the difference between HTML code to handle clicking on a hyperlink (<a>) and code to handle clicking on a button. However, ASP.NET needs to hide the fact that in HTML there is no way to submit a form from a hyperlink. It does this by generating a few lines of JavaScript and attaching an onclick handler to the hyperlink. However, if the end user has JavaScript disabled, the ASP.NET application malfunctions. Furthermore, one cannot naively think of event handlers in ASP.NET in the same way as in a desktop GUI framework such as Windows Forms; due to the asynchronous nature of the Web, processing event handlers in ASP.NET requires exchanging data with the server and reloading the form.

See also
 Abstraction inversion
 Dependency inversion principle
 Essential complexity
 Modular programming
 Separation of concerns

References

Category:Abstraction


Mark Mahoney

Mark Mahoney is an American tattoo artist, considered the "founding father" of black and grey art with a single needle.

Many in the business consider Mahoney a living legend.  He currently owns and is the principal artist at the Shamrock Social Club on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, CA.   Mahoney started his work as a tattoo artist in Boston in 1977 (when tattooing there was illegal), where he was in the midst of the 1970s punk scene.  He has stayed relevant and influential in the tattoo world ever since.  He was a pivotal force during the 1980s black and grey movement, and has tattooed some of Hollywood's biggest names.

Mahoney has said he knew what he "wanted to do" with his life when he was fourteen and hanging around with this "little greaser gang" and stepped into Buddy Mott's Tattoo Spot in Newport, Rhode Island.  He said he has always been attracted to the idea that tattoos are "art for the people", art for the everyday man or woman. His early inspirations included cars, choppers, and religious artifacts.  He is most known for his black and grey work, and more specifically images of religious icons, old school collages, girls, bombs, and guns.

When Mahoney first became interested in tattoo art, it was during a time period "when you had to be an outlaw, or you had to be a real brave soul to get a tattoo."  With today's ease of tattoo removal and creams to make the process less painful, some of that appeal is gone, he said.

Many artists have showed appreciation for Mark, one of them being singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey who has worked with the tattoo artist on two of her music videos.

Notable Clients
A self professed people person, Mark creates a laid back atmosphere in his shop that celebrities appreciate. Here is a list of some of his celebrity clients:
Steve Jones
Lana Del Rey
Johnny Hallyday
Jared Leto
Shannon Leto
Janina Richter
Mickey Rourke
Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie
Johnny Depp
Tim Gonzo Ryan
The Notorious B.I.G.
Cher
Heather Locklear
Britney Spears
David Beckham
Brooklyn Beckham
Maya Lake
Zoe Saldana
Nicole Richie
Robert LaSardo
Rihanna
Fearne Cotton
Redman
Fred Durst
Mike Dirnt
Cheryl Cole
Russell Brand
Lady Gaga
Danny Trejo
Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, Zayn Malik and Liam Payne
Anne Hathaway
Kaan Berke Kalkan
Lapo Elkann
Marilyn Manson
John Hendricks
Jack Osbourne
Ali Mahir Aksu
Bob Wentworth
James Tarrant
Shemar Moore

Featured in
Unplanned America (Netflix documentary series: Season 2 Episode 4 "Marked Men")
Inked (A&E TV series)
Vanity Fair
Swindle Magazine
Skin and Ink Magazine
GQ
Flash
Garage
Best tattoo parlors in Los Angeles
Lana Del Rey's music video of "West Coast"
Lana Del Rey's music video of "Shades of Cool"
Sunset Strip (2012 documentary film)
Blood Ties (2013 film)
Black Mass (2015 film)

Children's clothing line
Mahoney also designs for a clothing line for children called babyeggi.  This company has a charitable component, donating 20% of their net proceeds to "grassroots non-profit organizations dedicated to making the lives of children better, and to pass on the important principle of giving back to the community. "

References

External links
video of Mark Mahoney in the Shamrock Social Club "Where the elite and the underworld meet."
Mark's artwork
Mark's tattooed Zoe Sladana's Tattoos

Category:Living people
Category:American tattoo artists
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)


Prune belly syndrome

Prune belly syndrome is a rare, genetic birth defect affecting about 1 in 40,000 births. About 97% of those affected are male. Prune belly syndrome is a congenital disorder of the urinary system, characterized by a triad of symptoms. The syndrome is named for the mass of wrinkled skin that is often (but not always) present on the abdomen of those with the disorder.

Signs and symptoms
Prune-belly triad consists of: Cryptorchidism, abdominal wall defects and genitourinary defects:
 A partial or complete lack of abdominal wall muscles. There may be wrinkly folds of skin covering the abdomen.
 Cryptorchidism (undescended testicles) in males
 Urinary tract abnormality such as unusually large ureters, distended bladder, accumulation and backflow of urine from the bladder to the ureters and the kidneys (vesicoureteral reflux)
Other Symptoms include:
 Frequent urinary tract infections due to the inability to properly expel urine.
 Ventricular septal defect
 Malrotation of the gut
 Club foot

 Later in life, a common symptom is post-ejaculatory discomfort.  Most likely a bladder spasm, it lasts about two hours.
 Musculoskeletal abnormalities include pectus excavatum, scoliosis, and congenital joint dislocations including the hip. Diagnosis of prune belly syndrome necessitates a thorough orthopaedic evaluation because of the high prevalence of associated musculoskeletal abnormalities.

Complications
Prune belly syndrome can result in distention and enlargement of internal organs such as the bladder and intestines. Surgery is often required but will not return the organs to a normal size. Bladder reductions have shown that the bladder will again stretch to its previous size due to lack of muscle. Complications may also arise from enlarged/malformed kidneys, which may result in kidney failure and the child's going on dialysis or requiring a kidney transplant. Many individuals with prune belly syndrome have good physical and mental health, despite all the concerns. With proper treatment, however, a longer, healthier life is possible.

Diagnosis
Prune belly syndrome can be diagnosed via ultrasound while a child is still in-utero.  An abnormally large abdominal cavity resembling that of an obese person is the key indicator, as the abdomen swells with the pressure of accumulated urine.

In young children, frequent urinary tract infections often herald prune belly syndrome, as they are normally uncommon.  If a problem is suspected, doctors can perform blood tests to check renal function.  Another study that may suggest the syndrome is a voiding cystourethrogram.

PBS is far more common in males. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested in some cases. A homozygous mutation in the muscarinic cholinergic receptor-3 gene (CHRM3) on chromosome 1q43 was reported in one family.

Treatment
The type of treatment, like that of most disorders, depends on the severity of the symptoms. One option is to perform a vesicostomy, which allows the bladder to drain through a small hole in the abdomen, thus helping to prevent urinary tract infections. Similarly, consistent self-catheterization, often several times per day, can be an effective approach to preventing infections. A more drastic procedure is a surgical "remodeling" of the abdominal wall and urinary tract. Boys often need to undergo an orchiopexy to move the testes to their proper place in the scrotum.

References

External links

 https://archive.is/20130704034059/http://jbjs.org/article.aspx?articleid=22890

Category:Congenital disorders of urinary system
Category:Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system
Category:Rare syndromes
Category:Medical triads
Category:Syndromes affecting the kidneys


C. salicifolia

C. salicifolia may refer to:
 Camellia salicifolia, a plant species in the genus Camellia
 Clidemia salicifolia, a plant species in the genus Clidemia
 Colliguaja salicifolia, a plant species in the genus Colliguaja
 Commelina salicifolia, a synonym for Commelina communis

See also
 Salicifolia (disambiguation)


Bryonectria

Bryonectria is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes.

References

Category:Sordariomycetes genera
Category:Bionectriaceae


Embryo splitting

Embryo splitting may refer to:
 when spontaneous, the natural way in which identical twins are formed.
 when artificially induced, a method of cloning. See Cloning#Methods


The Man with the Golden Arm (novel)

The Man with the Golden Arm is a novel by Nelson Algren, published by Doubleday in November 1949. One of the seminal novels of post-World War II American letters, The Man with the Golden Arm is widely considered Algren's greatest and most enduring work. It won the National Book Award in 1950.

The novel details the trials and hardships of illicit card dealer "Frankie Machine", along with an assortment of colorful characters, on Chicago's Near Northwest Side. A veteran of World War II, Frankie struggles to stabilize his personal life while trying to make ends meet and fight a growing addiction to morphine. Much of the story takes place during the immediate postwar period along Division Street and Milwaukee Avenue in the old Polish Downtown.

Plot summary
The events of the novel take place between 1946 and 1948, primarily on the Near Northwest Side of Chicago. The title character is Francis Majcinek, known as "Frankie Machine", a young man who is a gifted card dealer and an amateur drummer. While serving in World War II, Frankie is treated for shrapnel in his liver and medicated with morphine. He develops an addiction to the drug, although initially in the story he believes he can control his habit.

Frankie lives in a small apartment on Division Street with his wife, Sophie (nicknamed "Zosh"). Sophie has been using a wheelchair since a drunk-driving accident caused by Frankie (although the novel implies that her paralysis is psychological in nature). She spends most of her time looking out the window and watching the nearby elevated rail line. She takes out her frustrations by fighting with her husband, and she uses his guilt to keep him from leaving her. The turmoil in their relationship only spurs on his addiction.

He works nights dealing in backroom card games operated by "Zero" Schwiefka. He aspires to join the Musicians' Union and work with jazz drummer Gene Krupa, but this dream never materializes. His constant companion and protégé is "Sparrow" Saltskin, a feeble-minded thief who specializes in stealing and selling dogs; Frankie gets Sparrow a job as a "steerer", watching the door to the card games and drawing in gamblers.

Often referring to his drug habit as the "thirty-five-pound monkey on his back", Frankie initially tries to keep Sparrow and the others in the dark about it. He sends Sparrow away whenever he visits "Nifty Louie" Fomorowski, his supplier. One night, while fighting in a back stairwell, Frankie inadvertently kills Nifty Louie. He and Sparrow attempt to cover up his role in the murder.

Meanwhile, Frankie begins an affair with a childhood friend, "Molly-O" Novotny, after her abusive husband is arrested. Molly helps Frankie fight his addiction, but they soon become separated when Frankie is imprisoned for shoplifting and she moves out of the neighborhood. Without Molly, he begins using drugs again when he is released.

Nifty Louie owed money to politically connected men, and finding his killer becomes a priority for the police department. Sparrow is held for questioning by the police, and he is moved from station to station to circumvent Habeas corpus requirements. Eventually he breaks down and reveals what he knows, and Frankie is forced to flee.

While on the run, Frankie manages to find Molly at a strip club near Lake Street. He hides in her apartment and beats his addiction, but in the end the authorities learn where he is hiding. He barely manages to escape and gets shot in the foot, leaving Molly behind. He flees to a flophouse, but without any hope of reuniting with Molly or staying free, he hangs himself in his room on April Fools' Day, 1948.

The novel ends with a transcript of the coroner's inquest, as well as a poem for Frankie entitled "Epitaph."

Background
Algren began writing the novel after (much like his protagonist) returning from World War II, and he originally intended to write a war novel. The part of Chicago he lived in served as the backdrop for the story. He originally intended the title to be Night Without Mercy, but the publisher preferred a less ominous title. Algren stated that "golden arm" originated as a term frequently used by a "little Italian bookie... I knew in the Army."

Before the novel's publication, a version of its concluding poem, "Epitaph: The Man with the Golden Arm", was released in the September 1947 issue of Poetry (New York: Modern Poetry Association).

The first draft of the story did not include the topic of drug addiction. Algren later recalled, "I’d sent the book to the agent, and the agent said she liked it and all that, but it needed a peg, it didn’t seem to be hung on anything." While considering what to do, he went out for drinks with a friend who later revealed that he was an intravenous-drug user. This inspired Algren to incorporate drug use into the novel.

Reception
Annual National Book Awards were re-established in 1950 by the American book industry, recognizing books in three categories published in the United States during 1949. Nelson Algren and The Man With the Golden Arm won the Fiction award
which is sometimes called "the first National Book Award for Fiction".
Former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt made the presentation.

The novel is widely considered a classic of twentieth-century American literature.

Writing of Algren and the novel, Kurt Vonnegut stated that "he was a pioneering ancestor of mine... He broke new ground by depicting persons said to be dehumanized by poverty and ignorance and injustice as being genuinely dehumanized, and dehumanized quite permanently." Poet Carl Sandburg praised the novel's "strange midnight dignity."

In a 1949 letter to Algren, Ernest Hemingway provided the following review of the novel (which Doubleday chose not to include in its marketing):

Into a world of letters where we have the fading Faulkner and that overgrown Li'l Abner Thomas Wolfe casts a shorter shadow every day, Algren comes like a corvette or even a big destroyer... Algren can hit with both hands and move around and he will kill you if you are not awfully careful... Mr. Algren, boy, you are good.

In his 1981 obituary for Algren, Chicago newspaper columnist Mike Royko, who grew up near Division Street, recalled first reading the book while serving in the Korean War. "It was the first time I had read a novel that was set in a place I knew. And Algren, with The Man with the Golden Arm, had captured it. He had the people, the sounds, the alleys, the streets, the feel of the place."

The novel was controversial at the time, and it did receive some critical reviews. In a 1956 article for The New Yorker entitled "The Man with the Golden Beef," Norman Podhoretz was critical of what he saw as the glorification of the underclass at the expense of respectable society. This sentiment was shared by Leslie Fiedler in an article on Algren's writings for The Reporter entitled "The Noble Savages of Skid Row."

Like Algren's previous novel, Never Come Morning, The Man with the Golden Arm drew fire from leaders of Chicago's Polish community, who criticized the portrayal of their community in the story. Royko wrote of these critics, "They believed that... Algren was presenting them in a poor light. I guess they would have preferred that he write a novel about a Polish dentist who changed his name and moved from the old neighborhood to a suburb as soon as he made enough money."

Film adaptation

In 1955, the book was made into a film directed by Otto Preminger and starring Frank Sinatra. Though author Nelson Algren was initially brought to Hollywood to work on the screenplay, he was quickly replaced by Walter Newman. Algren felt negatively about his experiences in Hollywood, the lack of compensation he received, and the liberties taken by the filmmakers (which included an entirely different ending from the novel). When photographer and friend Art Shay asked Algren to pose below the film's marquee, he is reported to have said "What does that movie have to do with me?"

References in popular culture
Leonard Cohen used imagery from The Man with the Golden Arm in "The Stranger Song", from his first album, Songs of Leonard Cohen (1967): "O you've seen that man before / his golden arm dispatching cards / but now it's rusted from the elbows to the finger."

"Frankie's Gun!" by The Felice Brothers was inspired by this book. It appears on the albums Adventures of The Felice Brothers Vol. 1 and The Felice Brothers  and was listed as number 3 on WDST's Top 25 Albums of 2007, bested only by Bruce Springsteen and Levon Helm.

Notes

References

External links

 Nelson Algren Committee

Man with the Golden Arm, The
Category:National Book Award for Fiction winning works
Category:Novels set in Chicago
Category:Novels about drugs
Category:American novels adapted into films
Category:Doubleday (publisher) books


Druine Condor

The Druine D.60 Condor is a light aircraft that was developed in France in the 1950s, primarily as a trainer. The Condor was an evolution of the Druine Turbi, but featured an extensively revised fuselage allowing the pilot and instructor to sit side-by-side under a full canopy. Unlike its predecessors, the Condor was not intended for amateur construction, and therefore was able to make refinements to the design that would not previously have been possible. Series production was undertaken by Borea in France and Rollason Aircraft and Engines as the Rollason Condor in the UK.

Variants

D.60 Druine's prototype with 65 hp CNA D.4
D.61 Druine production variant with 65 hp Continental A65
D.62 Druine or Rollason variant with 75 hp Continental A75 or 90 hp Continental C90
D.62A Rollason variant with 100 hp Continental O-200-A
D.62B Rollason variant from 1964 with 4" shorter fuselage and flaps.
D.62C Rollason variant with 130 hp Continental O-240-A for glider towing

Specifications (D.62B)

References

External links

http://www.rollason-condor.co.uk/

Category:1950s French civil trainer aircraft
Condor
Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft
Category:Aircraft first flown in 1950


Edward D. Swift

Edward Doane Swift (24 December 1870 – 25 September 1935 in Buffalo, New York) was an American astronomer. Like his father Lewis, he was a founder member of the British Astronomical Association in 1890, resigning 1892.

Early years
Edward D. Swift was the youngest son of the astronomer Lewis A. Swift and born during his father's second marriage to Caroline Doane Topping. At the age of almost two years, his family moved to Rochester, New York, as his father hoped his hardware business would improve in a larger city.

Collaboration with father
The astronomical collaboration between Edward and his father began with the inauguration of a newly built observatory including a sixteen-inch refracting telescope in 1883. In the following years, many of Lewis Swift's publications are brief references to Edward. Most notably, Edward discovered 25 new NGC-objects, 22 new IC-objects, multiple comets and a total of 46 nebulae. He also followed in his father's footsteps by co-discovering the periodic comet 54P/de Vico-Swift-NEAT.

See also
 :Category:Discoveries by Edward Swift
 New General Catalogue

External links
 Photo of Edward Swift

References

Category:American astronomers
Category:Discoverers of comets
Category:1870 births
Category:1935 deaths


DARWARS

DARWARS was a research program at DARPA intended to accelerate the development and deployment of military training systems. These were envisioned as low-cost, mobile, web-centric, simulation-based, “lightweight” systems designed to take advantage of the ubiquitous presence of the PC and of new technology, including multi-player games, virtual worlds, off-the-shelf PC simulations, intelligent agents, and on-line communities.  The project started in 2003 under the leadership of DARPA Program Manager Dr. Ralph Chatham, a former U.S. Navy officer.

The program is producing an architectural framework, including a set of web services, tools, and system interface definitions that facilitate the development of networked training systems. The scalable framework supports training for individuals, teams, or teams of teams (involving students at PCs interacting on a virtual battlefield). Training systems keep track of student performance in order to offer individual and group feedback. The program envisions an online community of students, instructors and developers around the DARWARS family of training systems, although, realistically the creators only hoped to get this kind of training started - not see it to that complete end.

Sponsorship

DARWARS is sponsored by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and is co-sponsored by U.S. Joint Forces Command (JFCOM) and the United States Marine Corps Program Manager for Training Systems (PM TRASYS). The integration and architecture contractor for the DARWARS project is BBN Technologies. The program is the core DARPA's Training Superiority initiative.

Exemplar trainers

As part of the DARWARS program, several training systems have been developed as exemplars of what is possible. Some of these systems have been deployed to meet training needs related to current U.S. military efforts. Among these is the DARWARS Ambush! tactical trainer and the language trainer Tactical IraqiTM.

DARWARS Ambush!
DARWARS Ambush! is a PC-based, networked, multiplayer training simulator, or, serious game. It provides military training based on experiences of personnel in the field, and includes capabilities to ensure the capture and dissemination of lessons learned. The initial application involved road-convoy-operations training, while subsequent applications include training for platoon level mounted infantry tactics, dismounted infantry operations, Rules-of-Engagement training, cross-cultural communications training, and other areas. The software was developed by Total Immersion Software, based on the technology of Operation Flashpoint.

DARWARS Ambush! is generally restricted to U.S. Military and U.S. Government organizations and personnel.  The DARWARS Ambush! software is free of charge. The costs of the underlying game engine and networking infrastructure is nominal compared to traditional simulation-training systems.
The most important innovation of DARWARS Ambush! is that it is user-authorable. Soldiers themselves can create new scenarios and training in a few hours or days without a contractor between them and their tactics, techniques and procedures.

Tactical Language & Culture Training System
Tactical Language & Culture Training Systems are PC-based courses that teach foreign languages and cultural knowledge needed to conduct tasks effectively and safely during both daily life and military missions. They are self-paced foreign-language training programs that use numerous research-based pedagogic and technologic innovations—including interactive 3D video game simulations—to teach what to say, how to say it, and when to say it. The courses to learn Iraqi, Pashto, French, and Dari {under development} are available to any member of the U.S. Armed Forces by free download from the company's website.

Replacement
Game After Ambush, which is based on VBS2 is scheduled to replace DARWARS Ambush! during 2009.

See also
Virtual battlefield
Operation Flashpoint

External links
 DARPA
 DARPA Training Superiority initiative
 Tactical Language & Culture Training Systems
 DARWARS Ambush!
 U.S. Marine Corps Program Manager for Training Systems (PM TRASYS)

Category:Military exercises and wargames
Category:DARPA


Opera Memphis

Opera Memphis is a Memphis, Tennessee non-profit arts organization chartered in 1956 by a group of Memphians interested in producing regional opera. Charter signatories included noted Memphians Philip Belz and Walter Chandler. Early productions consisted mainly of local singers and local directors. During this initial period the Metropolitan Opera Company toured regularly through the area and performed in Memphis two to three times per year. As the company grew, the performers and directors became more regional and the sets and costumes more professional. By the mid-1970s, Opera Memphis began bringing in well-known singers like Leontyne Price, Beverly Sills, Joan Sutherland, Sherrill Milnes, and Birgit Nilsson to perform in lead roles.

Opera Memphis is widely respected for its education and outreach programs, which currently reach over 25,000 children and adults per season.  From 1993-95, the company was the recipient of an Arts Plus Grant from the National Endowment for the Arts, which resulted in student written and produced operas at three Memphis City high schools. Current program offerings include the Artist-in-Residence Tour, Opera 101, Black Roots of Opera, Student Dress Rehearsals and Summer Conservatory.

In March 2004, the company completed a very successful $7.3 million capital drive for the creation and construction of the Clark Opera Memphis Center in East Memphis, a 19,000 square foot administrative center, which includes a rehearsal hall, small performance space, costume shop and small props shop. The Center is a cultural center for the community, a meeting place for corporate leaders, and a facility that speaks for the arts through both our function and our architecture.

Creation of a festival

Under Ned Canty's restructuring, the season shifted the company from three mainstage productions a year to two mainstage shows a year and the addition of the Midtown Opera Festival in the spring.  The opera festival is organized as two additional smaller scale mainstage productions designed for intimate spaces or as chamber operas, as well as academic panels and pay-what-you-can shows and activities.

Personnel
Michael Ching, 1992 to 2010:
In 1992 the composer, conductor, and music administrator joined Opera Memphis as Artistic Director, a position he held through 2010. In addition, he held the post of General Director for most of those years. The company premiered his completely a cappella opera A Midsummer Night's Dream in 2011 at Playhouse on the Square, and Albany Records released the CD of the production in 2014.

Ned Canty, 2011 forward:
In December 2010, the Board of Trust announced Canty as the new Opera Memphis General Director.  Since his arrival, he has made many significant changes including the creation of 30 Days of Opera and a restructuring of the regular season. 30 Days of Opera is a September/October series of pop-up opera presentations in public spaces throughout the region that offer free exposure to opera in what Canty has described as an effort to "create a trail of breadcrumbs" to opera.

References
Notes

Sources
Opera Memphis Welcome & History on operamemphis.org

External links
Opera Memphis' official website

Category:Culture of Memphis, Tennessee
Category:Tourist attractions in Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis
Category:Musical groups established in 1956
Category:1956 establishments in Tennessee
Category:Performing arts in Tennessee


Whelton

Whelton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Whelton (born 1959), American ice hockey player
Daniel A. Whelton (1872–1953), American politician
James Whelton, Irish computer programmer
Joe Whelton (born 1956), American basketball coach
Paul Whelton, American physician


Satanachia

Satanachia is described in the Grand Grimoire as a commander-in-chief of Satan's army, who controls either forty-five or fifty-four legions of demons, including Pruflas, Aamon, Barbatos, and Astaroth.  According to the Grand Grimoire, he has the power to subjugate all women and girls, and to do with them whatever he wishes.

References

Category:Demons