The Lion, the Fox & the Eagle

The Lion, the Fox & the Eagle: A Story of Generals and Justice in Rwanda and Yugoslavia is a non-fiction book by Canadian journalist Carol Off.  The hardcover edition was published in November 2000 by Random House Canada.  The writing was favourably received and the book was short-listed for the Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing. With numerous interviews and extensive research behind it, the book presents biographies of three Canadians in United Nations roles in the 1990s: Roméo Dallaire (the "lion"), Lewis MacKenzie (the "fox"), and Louise Arbour (the "eagle").

The book praises Dallaire's commitment to his peacekeeping mission, but is critical of MacKenzie, who is depicted as being ignorant of the Bosnian political situation. In response to Off's portrayal of him, MacKenzie considered suing for libel, but opted not to. The book praises Arbour's efforts at building the legitimacy of International Criminal Tribunals and her efforts in indicting alleged war criminals from the massacres in Rwanda and Bosnia. Through these biographies, the book addresses themes of morality and UN effectiveness.

Background
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation journalist Carol Off began research to write a biography of Louise Arbour. Following input from fellow journalist and author Stevie Cameron, she broadened the book's scope to include profiles of Roméo Dallaire and Lewis MacKenzie. Along with her research assistant Sian Cansfield, they compiled twenty binders of research and conducted over a hundred interviews, including with the three subjects. For the historical background on Rwanda, she consulted the works of Gérard Prunier, Philip Gourevitch, Alison Des Forges, and the Human Rights Watch. For background on the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, she consulted, amongst others, the works of Noel Malcolm, David Rieff, Roy Gutman. Living in Toronto with husband Linden MacIntyre, the 45-year-old author wrote the book in the spring and summer of 2000.

Content
Roméo Dallaire, from October 1993 to August 1994, served as the Force Commander for the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda. In January 1994 he passed along information to the UN from a Hutu informant about a planned extermination of Tutsi citizens and a massacre of Belgian peacekeepers. After the UN denied him permission to protect the informant, or seize any weapons, Dallaire made a plea to the Canadian government who also denied him any assistance. Dallaire continued his pleas to the UN after the genocide began and devised a plans to end the violence. The UN ordered the peacekeepers to withdraw and not interfere. Dallaire, believing the order unethical and unlawful, disobeyed and with 450 Ghanaian soldiers, protected Tutsi hideouts. He received help from non-governmental organizations, foreign journalists, and the Canadian government. With the media reporting on the massacre, the UN authorized 5,500 troops to protect civilians. Dallaire was denied permission to arrest fleeing Hutu leaders. In August Dallaire asked to be replaced after he recognized signs of posttraumatic stress disorder. Once back in Canada, he became appalled at how little the general public knew, and how much the world leaders knew, of what happened. In the aftermath, blame was assigned to various people, including Dallaire, but Off argues that blame lies with the UN and its Security Council who refused to act when called upon.

Lewis MacKenzie, in 1992, served in the Sarajevo division of United Nations Protection Force which was mandated to keep the peace in Croatia. Off describes MacKenzie as being indifferent as hostilities began in Sarajevo because his mandate did not include intervention in Bosnian affairs. MacKenzie's distrust of all participants in the hostilities grew following a botched prisoner exchange, the Breadline Massacre, and broken ceasefire arrangements. MacKenzie helped negotiate UN control of the Sarajevo International Airport which allowed humanitarian shipments. MacKenzie gave many media interviews but Off criticizes him for portraying both the Serbs and the Bosnians as aggressors and recommending against intervention.

Louise Arbour began her job as Chief Prosecutor of war crimes at the UN in October 1996. She was unexpectedly selected by her predecessor, Richard Goldstone, as he believed she processed the toughness to pursue war crime suspects and the bureaucratic and diplomatic skills to function at the UN. At the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, contrary to Goldstone's tactic of publicizing indictments, which allowed the accused to make their arrest a risk to the ceasefire, Arbour kept hers sealed allowing for surprise arrests. In Rwanda she achieved several high-profile prosecutions, including the first conviction for rape as a war crime. By time she left in Fall 1999, her office had Slobodan Milošević, a head of state, indicted and arrested.

Style
The book is divided into four sections: one for each biography and one to provide background context for the conflicts in Rwanda and Bosnia. There are also sections entitled Introduction, Conclusion, Acknowledgments, Source Notes, and Index. The three biographies of the Canadians focus on their involvement in international conflicts through the United Nations, but also includes aspects of their backgrounds and follow events after they leave the UN. In the profiles Off avoids describing places and events but provides a chapter to "a Grapes of Wrath-style description of her two locales". The biographies compare and contrast the strategy and effect of each person's approach to their mission. One reviewer compared the profiles of Dallaire and MacKenzie to Suetonius's biographies of Athenian generals Nicias and Alcibiades. Suetonius portrayed Nicias as honourable, moderate, and effective but over-shadowed by the more vocal and polarizing Alcibiades. Likewise, Off portrayed Dallaire as the more honourable commander but over-shadowed by the more media savvy and callous MacKenzie. Off's focus on moral choices was called "a feminist approach" by several members of the Department of National Defence.

In the Introduction, Off explains the animal metaphors. Roméo Dallaire is the 'lion' because he acted courageously with an appearance of control and confidence. Lewis MacKenzie compared to a 'fox' because while he made a brave and dramatic defense of the airport, and was trusted by outside observers, his actions in recommending against intervention were based on the cunning logic that all sides were, at least, partly responsible for the conflict. Louise Arbour is portrayed as the 'eagle' for her pursuit of justice and her use of surprise SWAT-like arrests.

Themes

Reviewers identified two themes: morality and the UN effectiveness. Off characterized Dallaire and Arbour as morally correct and MacKenzie morally wrong. In Rwanda, Dallaire lobbied the UN to intervene to stop the genocide. In Yugoslavia, MacKenzie is accused of being an apologist for the Serbs. In an interview Off admitted that she would prefer MacKenzie to be her son's commander but would want Dallaire if her people were being attacked because one puts his soldiers before the mission and the other the mission before the soldiers.

She identifies the UN as the book's villain and criticizes the UN's practise of moral equivalency that treats both sides equally even though one side is clearly dominant and brutally oppressive. It results in the requirement of its personnel to remain neutral but Off questions how a peacekeeper can remain neutral while watching people being killed. The book treats this as a reality of international relations, which places precedence on state sovereignty over human rights, and a factor in making the UN slow, ineffectual, and inappropriately bureaucratic. She notes that some peacekeepers cope by demonizing all sides which helps diminish the sense of impotence in being unable to intervene.

Publication and Reception
Random House Canada published the hardcover in November 2000. An excerpt was published in the weekly general interest magazine Saturday Night. It appeared on Maclean's best-seller list for 4 weeks, peaking at #3. A Random House imprint, Vintage Canada, published the trade paperback a year later. The Writers' Trust of Canada short-listed the book for its 2000 Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing.

Reviewers described Off's writing as strong, clear, and sometimes elegant. Reviewing for the Quill & Quire, Derek Weiler wrote that the book's strength is its "informative outlines of [the] conflicts, with gripping and readable summary enhanced by evocative scene-setting." Weiler and other reviewers found the chapters on Arbour, where the narrative slackens, to be the weakest part of the book.

While Arbour was pleased with her profile, MacKenzie was not. Reviewers noted Off's critical portrayal of MacKenzie as being excessive and MacKenzie considered suing Off for libel. Instead MacKenzie wrote a response in The Globe and Mail presenting his point of view concerning the mission and events. In 2008 he wrote an autobiography with a chapter dedicated to addressing the criticism he received as a result of Off's book. While Off condemns MacKenzie for not learning the conflict's history and telling American audiences that both sides were to blame for the conflict, MacKenzie defends himself by stating it was international decision-making, not his opinions, that led the UN to not intervene.

References

External links
 Profile of the book from its publisher

Category:2000 non-fiction books
Category:21st-century history books
Category:Biographies (books)
Category:Canadian political books
Category:Roméo Dallaire


Snapper (video game)

Snapper is a clone of the Namco arcade game Pac-Man programmed by Jonathan Griffiths for the BBC Micro and released as one of the launch titles for Acornsoft in 1982. It was later released as one of Acornsoft's launch titles for the Acorn Electron in 1983.

In development, the game was titled Puc Man (the first Japanese title of the arcade game was Puck Man) but the name was changed before release to avoid legal action. However, the initial release of the game was so close to Pac-Man (including the design of the game's characters) that this version had to be withdrawn and re-released with the characters changed. The player's character became a round yellow face with very short legs wearing a green cowboy hat and the ghosts became skinny humanoid monsters.

As in Pac-Man, bonus items such as fruit would sometimes appear in the centre of the screen. The highest-scoring bonus item was an acorn, a reference to the publishers. When Snapper was killed, he would shrink and turn into small lines pointing in all directions.

The main difference in gameplay between Pac-Man and Snapper is the behaviour of the ghosts (or monsters). In Pac-Man, each ghost has its own personality and follows set patterns for each level. The red ghost also travels at double speed after a certain number of dots are eaten. In Snapper, the monsters begin each level by patrolling their corners a set number of times before breaking from their route to chase the Snapper. The time before breaking the route is reduced for each level until on later levels, the monsters chase Snapper almost immediately. The only real difference between the monsters is the corner they patrol and how soon they break from their route (e.g. the red ghost is always the first). Also, in Pac-Man, the main character slows when eating dots (so ghosts can catch up to him) but this does not happen in Snapper. These changes lead to a game which is much easier in the early levels but gets progressively more difficult so games tend to last longer.

The game ran very smoothly, making it a popular release of the time. As it was written in machine code, rather than BASIC, it was much closer to the arcade version than earlier commercial releases on the BBC Micro such as Micro Power's Munchyman.

Snapper was also noted for starting the BBC Micro tradition of controlling arcade games using the Z, X, : and / keys for horizontal and vertical motion, since  on most BBC models the arrow keys were not conveniently placed for gaming.

References

External links
 Video clip of BBC Micro version (running at double speed)

Category:1982 video games
Category:BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games
Category:BBC Micro and Acorn Electron-only games
Category:Acornsoft games
Category:Maze games
Category:Pac-Man clones
Category:Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Category:Single-player video games


Pedi

Pedi may refer to:

Places
 Pedi, Peren, a village in Nagaland, India

People and culture
 Tom Pedi, 20th century American actor
 Christine Pedi, American television and theatre actress
The Pedi people
The Northern Sotho language, or the dialect of it spoken by the Pedi people

Prefixes and related abbreviations
Pedi-, with various roots and meanings pertaining to children, feet, and soil
Pediatrics, sometimes abbreviated "pedi"
Pedicab, sometimes abbreviated "pedi"
Pedicure, sometimes abbreviated "pedi"

Other uses
Pedi (sheep)


Timothy Peach

Timothy Peach (born 25 July 1963) is a British / German actor. He appeared in more than seventy films since 1986.

Filmography

References

External links

Category:1963 births
Category:Living people
Category:German male film actors


Dufry

Dufry AG is a Swiss-based travel retailer operating around 2,300 duty-free and duty-paid shops in airports, cruise lines, seaports, railway stations and central tourist areas. Dufry employs almost 36,000 people. The company, headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, operates in over 65 countries worldwide. Dufry AG is a publicly listed company on the SIX Swiss Exchange (DUFN).

Retail Brands
Dufry is also used as a brand name for some of the general travel retail shops that feature a wide range of products such as perfumes and cosmetics, confectionery, wines, spirits and fashion, presenting its customers with a selection of the most prestigious brands.

The brands are:

 Hudson
 World Duty Free
 Nuance
 Hellenic Duty Free Shops
 Reg Staer
 Colombian Emeralds
 Duty Free Uruguay
 Duty Free Shop Argentina

History

The company owns stores at airports, railway stations, and ports, and operates concessions onboard airlines and cruise ships.

Milestones and History
 2019: Dufry acquires a 60% stake of RegStaer Vnukovo.
 2018: Dufry's subsidiary Hudson Ltd. listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) with its first trading day on February 1, 2018.
 2017: Implementation of a new retail concept the “New Generation Store”, featuring extensive and innovative use of digital applications in order to increase passenger communication and drive sales.
 2016: Renewal of an exceptional amount of existing concession contracts and is included in the Swiss Leader Index, compiled of the 30 largest Swiss Corporations listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange.
 2015: Acquisition of World Duty Free
 2014: Acquisition of The Nuance Group
 2012: Acquisition of 51% of joint venture with RegStaer Group in Russia. Acquisition of 51% of travel retail operations of Folli Follie Group in Greece
 2011: Acquisitions of retail companies within Argentina, Uruguay, Ecuador, Martinique and Armenia, involve 21 duty-free shops split between ten airports
 2010: Merger of Dufry Ltd. With Dufry South America Ltd.
 2008: Acquisition of US based travel retailer Hudson Group with 550 shops in 69 airports and transportation terminals in the United States and Canada.
 2007: Acquisition of one of the main travel retail operator in the Caribbean based in Puerto Rico with 23 shops in Puerto Rico and other Caribbean locations.
 2006: Initial Public Offering of Dufry South America Ltd. (DSA) in December. Trading of the shares on the Brazilian and Luxembourg stock exchanges. Acquisition of the Brazilian travel retailer Brasif and its logistic platform Eurotrade - Dufry makes a quantum leap in South America.
 2005: Dufry becomes a publicly listed company - its shares being listed on SIX Swiss Exchange. Acquisition of the remaining 25% share capital from previous shareholders by a consortium led by Advent International Corporation. Change of logo / corporate design.
 2004: Consortium led by Advent International Corporation acquires 75% of outstanding share capital of Dufry. Focusing of strategy on travel retail -  divestment of wholesale and non-strategic activities (February).
 2003: Name changes to Dufry.
 1952: Start of duty-free retail business - opening of the first duty-free shop in continental Europe in Paris/Le Bourget.
 1948: Start of duty-free wholesale business.
 1865: Origin of the group.

Location

Some of the principal locations of the company are:
 Zurich Airport, Kloten, (Switzerland)
 EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg, Basel, (Switzerland)
 Zvartnots International Airport, Yerevan, (Armenia)
Vancouver International Airport, Vancouver (Canada)
 Melbourne Airport, Melbourne, (Australia)
 Ministro Pistarini International Airport, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
 Guarulhos International Airport, São Paulo (Brazil)
 Kempegowda International Airport, Bangalore (India)
 Benito Juárez International Airport, Mexico City (Mexico)
 Malpensa International Airport (Italy)
 All of Milan's railway stations (Italy)
 Jorge Chavez International Airport, Lima (Peru)
 Sharjah International Airport (United Arab Emirates)
 Mohammed V International Airport, Casablanca (Morocco)
 Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow (Russia)
 El Dorado Airport, Bogotá (Colombia)
 Siem Reap International Airport (Cambodia)
 Hong Kong West Kowloon railway station (Hong Kong)
P&O Ferries (United Kingdom)

See also
 List of duty-free shops

Dufry - Global Customer Service
 Dufry.com/customerservice

References

 https://www.dufry.com/en/annual-report-2018

External links
 http://www.dufry.com Dufry.com
 https://www.hudsongroup.com/
 https://athens.shopdutyfree.com/en/
 http://regstaer.ru/en/
 https://montevideo.shopdutyfree.com/es/
 Duty Free Dufry Brazil
  Casablanca Duty Free Website
 Marrakech Duty Free Website

Category:Retail companies of Switzerland
Category:Retail companies of Brazil
Category:Companies listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange
Category:Companies listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange
Category:Companies established in 1865
Category:1865 establishments in Switzerland
Category:Companies based in Basel
Category:Duty-free shops


Stadion Niedermatten

Stadion Niedermatten is a football stadium in Wohlen, Switzerland. It is the home ground of FC Wohlen. The stadium is owned by Wohlen council.
It has a capacity of 3,734 of which it has 3,100 standing places and 634 seats.

The stadium is part of the Niedermatten Sports Centre. It includes, apart from the football stadium, one athletics facility with 400-meter running track, an inline hockey court, two football training pitches and nine tennis courts . Construction began in August 2002 and was completed in spring 2004.

References

Niedermatten
Category:Buildings and structures in Aargau


Black Reel Award for Outstanding Screenplay, TV Movie or Limited Series

This page lists the winners and nominees for the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Screenplay of a Television Movie or Limited Series. As of the 2016 ceremony, Reggie Rock Bythewood is the only writer to win the award twice and David Simon is the only other person to have achieved a second nomination.

Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and highlighted in bold.

2000s

2010s

References

Category:Black Reel Awards


Henry Wise (footballer)

Henry Dennis Paul Wise (born 1 January 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Watford. He is the son of former player Dennis Wise.

Career
On 23 January 2020, Wise made his debut for Watford in a 2–1 FA Cup third round replay defeat against Tranmere Rovers.

Career statistics

Club

Notes

References

Category:Living people
Category:2000 births
Category:English footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Category:Arsenal F.C. players
Category:Derby County F.C. players
Category:Watford F.C. players


1932–33 in English football

The 1932–33 season was the 58th season of competitive football in England.

Overview

Events
5 November 1932 - Gillespie Road station on the London Underground - the station local to Arsenal Stadium - is renamed to Arsenal  (Highbury Hill), on the suggestion of Arsenal manager Herbert Chapman. By 1960, the station would become Arsenal tube station. It is the only Tube station named directly after a football club.

Honours

Notes = Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour. * indicates new record for competition

Football League

First Division

Second Division

Third Division North

Third Division South

Top goalscorers

First Division
Jack Bowers (Derby County) – 35 goals

Second Division
Ted Harper (Preston North End) – 37 goals

Third Division North
Bill McNaughton (Hull City) – 39 goals

Third Division South
Clarrie Bourton (Coventry City) – 40 goals

Notes

References


Someday Never Comes

"Someday Never Comes" is a song by Creedence Clearwater Revival from their album Mardi Gras released in 1972 and written by the frontman John Fogerty. The single reached #25 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart in June 1972 with Doug Clifford's "Tearin' up the Country" released as the B-side. This is the final single released by Creedence Clearwater Revival before they officially broke up in 1972.

Song meaning
Fogerty has stated that the song is about being left and not being able to learn much as a child.

"Someday Never Comes" is simply a song about my parents undergoing a divorce when I was a child and me not knowing many things. When my dad left me, he told me to be a man and someday I would understand everything. Now, I'm here basically repeating the same thing really. I had a son in 1966 and I went away when he was five years old or so and again told him "someday" he would understand everything. Really, all kids ask questions like "Daddy, when are we going fishing?" and parents always answer with "someday", but in reality someday never comes and kids never learn what they're supposed to learn. - John Fogerty 1973

When I wrote this song, my life was pretty chaotic. I knew my marriage was going to break up. My band was falling apart. I was beginning to sense the darkness that was Fantasy Records. This song was inspired by my parents' divorce when I was a young boy and the effect it had on me. At the time, they told me, "Someday, you'll understand." The truth of this is that you never do and I found myself facing this as a parent. The irony was painful and inescapable. - John Fogerty, liner notes to "Wrote a Song for Everyone", Vanguard Records, 2013

References

External links

Category:1972 singles
Category:Creedence Clearwater Revival songs
Category:Songs written by John Fogerty
Category:Song recordings produced by John Fogerty
Category:1972 songs
Category:Fantasy Records singles


Army of One

Army of One may refer to:
Army of One (recruiting slogan), the former U.S. Army recruiting slogan

Music
Army of One (album), a 2006 album by Riot
"Army of One", a song by Phish from the 2004 album Undermind
"Army of One", a song by Cass Fox from the 2005 Come Here (Cass Fox album)
"Army of One", a song by Coldplay from the 2015 album A Head Full of Dreams

Film and television
"Army of One" (The Sopranos), an episode of The Sopranos'''
Joshua Tree (1993 film), a film by Vic Armstrong also known as Army of One''
Army of One (2016 film), an American comedy film


National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara Falls, New York

__NOTOC__

This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara Falls, New York.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Niagara Falls, New York, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 82 properties and districts listed on the National Register in Niagara County. The city of Niagara Falls is the location of 29 of these properties and districts; they are listed here, while the remaining 53 properties and districts are listed separately.

__NOTOC__

Listings city-wide

|}

See also

National Register of Historic Places listings in New York
List of National Historic Landmarks in New York

References

Category:Buildings and structures in Niagara Falls, New York


Autostrada A16 (Italy)

The A16 is an Italian autostrada connecting Naples and Canosa, before merging with the A14 autostrada.

The road is also known as "Autostrada dei Due Mari" (Motorway of the Two Seas) because it connects Naples, on the Tyrrhenian coast, with Bari, on the Adriatic coast.

On the night of 28 July 2013, a serious traffic accident occurred on the A16 near Avellino when a coach carrying pilgrims fell off a flyover into a ravine.  At least 39 people, including the driver, were killed and many others injured.

Route

References

A16
Category:Transport in Campania
Category:Transport in Apulia


Athletics at the 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie

At the 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie, the athletics events were held at Stade Charles-Ehrmann from September 10 to September 14. The host country, France, topped the medal table in front of Poland and Canada. A total of 8 Games records was bettered during the competition.

Medal summary
For full event details see Athletics at the 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie – Results

Men

Women

Medal table

Participating nations

 (4)
 (3)
 (9)
 (4)
 (1)
 (10)
 (58)
 (4)
 (4)
 (2)
 (2)
 (1)
 (3)
 (4)

 (63)
 (2)
 (1)
 (1)
 (7)
 (4)
 (13)
 (2)
 (4)
 (13)
 (1)
 (23)
 (8)
 (4)

 (22)
 (10)
 (10)
 (3)
 (17)
 (2)
 (1)
 (10)
 (3)
 (4)
 (23)
 (11)
 (11)
 (20)

References

Men's medals
Women's medals
Full results

Livre de resultats

IAAF daily reports
Day one report
Day two report
Day three report
Day four report
Day five report

Francophonie
Athletics
2013


Blackwood, New Jersey

Blackwood is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Gloucester Township, in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 4,545. It is located  from the city of Camden and  away from Philadelphia.

Blackwood is the home of the main campus of Camden County College, in addition to other campus locations in Camden and Cherry Hill.  Blackwood is also home to Camden County College's radio station WDBK.

History
Blackwood, originally known as Blackwoodtown, was settled about 1750 by John Blackwood in an area then known as "head of Timber Creek." Blackwood was a fuller who immigrated from Scotland and established mills in Blackwoodtown. The area was a crossroads village along the Black Horse Pike well into the nineteenth century, that served as a local government and transportation center by the 1830s, when Uriah Norcross established a stage coach line between Camden and Woodbury with a stop at a tavern in Blackwoodtown. The arrival of the Camden County Railroad in 1891 led to further development.

Blackwood Lake operated as a summer resort from 1891 until 1932.

The Blackwood Historic District (roughly covering the area along Church Street from East Railroad Avenue to Indiana Avenue, Black Horse Pike, and Central Avenue) and Solomon Wesley United Methodist Church are listed in the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Blackwood had a total area of 1.235 square miles (3.199 km2), including 1.226 square miles (3.176 km2) of land and 0.009 square miles (0.023 km2) of water (0.72%).  Bodies of water include Blackwood Lake and Farrows Run stream.

Parks and recreation
Gloucester Township Health and Fitness Trail (formerly known as the Blackwood Railroad Trail)
Kiwanis's Baseball Fields (Marshall & Railroad Ave)
Al Raw's Field (Lincoln Drive)
Harwan Park (Black Horse Pike)
State Street Park

Demographics

Census 2010

Census 2000
As of the 2000 United States Census there were 4,692 people, 1,721 households, and 1,261 families residing in the section. The population density was 1,461.0/km2 (3,782.1/mi2). There were 1,840 housing units at an average density of 572.9/km2 (1,483.2/mi2). The racial makeup of the section was 91.30% White, 3.94% African American, 0.11% Native American, 2.11% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 1.19% from other races, and 1.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.15% of the population.

There were 1,721 households out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.7% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the section the population was spread out with 24.1% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.7 males.

The median income for a household in the section was $49,707, and the median income for a family was $60,136. Males had a median income of $41,274 versus $30,677 for females. The per capita income for the section was $21,815. About 0.9% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.6% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Public schools, that are part of the Gloucester Township Public Schools district, include
Blackwood Elementary School,
Gloucester Township Elementary School as well as
Charles W. Lewis Middle School Highland Regional High School is part of the Black Horse Pike Regional School District.

The Kingdom Charter School of Leadership is a charter school that serves students in Kindergarten through sixth grade residing in Gloucester Township, who are accepted by lottery on a space-available basis.

Our Lady of Hope Regional School is a Roman Catholic elementary school that operates under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden. Our Lady of Hope Regional School was renamed following the 2008 merger of St. Jude's Regional School with St. Agnes School.

Higher education in Blackwood includes Pennco Tech and Camden County College.

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Blackwood include:
 Jersey Bakley (1864-1915) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who was 19 years old when he broke into the big leagues in 1883 with the Philadelphia Athletics.
 Mike Daniels (born 1989), defensive end for the Green Bay Packers.
 John A. Dramesi (born 1933), former prisoner of war who had been held by the Viet Cong in the Hanoi Hilton.
 David R. Mayer (born 1967), who represented the 4th Legislative District in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2002 to 2008 and served on the Gloucester Township Council from 2002-2003 and as mayor of Gloucester Township.
 Erik Menéndez (born 1970), convicted murderer.
 Joseph Menna (born 1970), sculptor.
 Gabriela Mosquera (born 1977), politician, who has served in the New Jersey General Assembly since 2012, where she represents the 4th Legislative District.
 Billy Paul (1934-2016), Grammy Award-winning soul singer.
 Joe Vitt (born 1954), interim head coach of the New Orleans Saints.

References

Category:Gloucester Township, New Jersey
Category:Census-designated places in Camden County, New Jersey


Hardenstein Castle

Hardenstein Castle () is a ruined castle in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The remains lie east of Herbede on the Ruhr River, surrounded by mountains, and are not easily accessible. Nearby ruins show that the castle was once part of an important mining centre, probably dating to the Middle Ages; the earliest records, from the 16th century, support this. The castle features in the legend of the Nibelungs.

The castle's association with mining led to a legend that King Goldemar, a dwarf or kobold, dwelled there. One version of the story, recorded by Thomas Keightley in 1850, says that King Goldemar lived with Neveling von Hardenberg at the castle. For three years, he brought the inhabitants good luck until a curious man tried to see his footprints by casting tares and ashes about. Goldemar cut the man up, roasted his body, boiled his head and legs, and ate him. He was gone the next day, vowing through a note that the house would be as unlucky as it had been lucky while he lived there.

Notes

References
 Keightley, Thomas (1850). The Fairy Mythology, Illustrative of the Romance and Superstition of Various Countries. London: H. G. Bohn.
 Parent, Thomas (2000). Das Ruhrgebiet: Vom >goldenen< Mittelalter zur Industriekultur. Mair Dumont Dumont. .

Category:Castles in North Rhine-Westphalia
Category:Ruined castles in Germany
Category:County of Mark
Category:Lowland castles


Beatrice Kean Seymour

Beatrice Kean Seymour (1 September 1886 – 31 October 1955) was a prolific British novelist and short story writer. Her obituary in The Times described her as skilled at portraying English domestic life.

Biography

Beatrice Kean Seymour (née Beatrice Mary Stapleton) was born in Clapham, south London into a working-class family. Her father David was a farrier.

She attended a secretarial school and was the first wife of William Kean Seymour.

She began her professional life as a writer of short stories for magazines. However, at the suggestion of an editor, she reworked one of her unpublished short stories into her first novel, Invisible Tides, subsequently writing over 30 books during a career that spanned more than three decades. Her novels were published almost annually until shortly before her death from heart problems in 1955.

Approach to writing

Seymour believed that the role of the novelist is to help readers think through their emotions. She saw the novel as far superior to the short story as a vehicle for conveying social ideas.

Critical reception

Some British reviewers reportedly considered Invisible Tides to be the best novel of 1920. A reviewer from The Bookman wrote that it was: "a good and moving story, brilliantly set down, having affinities, it seems to us, with  Jude the Obscure on the one hand and with Mr. McKenna's Sonia on the other. Mrs. Seymour is strong in characterisation, subtle and revealing in dialogue, and exquisite in her descriptions of nature, touched as they are with a fine imaginativeness".

Her 1925 novel Unveiled received a glowing review in the 30 May 1925 issue of The New Yorker. But some critical responses were not so favourable. A Times Literary Supplement critic wrote of her 1927 novel Three Wives: "Had Miss Seymour compressed her novel into three-quarters its present length, it might have been a really distinguished piece of work".

When she died in 1955, The Times said of her: “She had already established herself as a literary figure of importance 30 years ago and the skill and variety with which she portrayed English domestic scenes and projected them against a larger social and political background are of a high order”.

More recently, her novels have been appraised as reflecting an alertness to the role of women in society.

Published works

 Invisible Tides, 1919
 Intrusion, 1921
 The Hopeful Journey, 1923
 The Romantic Tradition, 1925
 Unveiled, 1925
 The Last Day, 1926
 Journey's End (short story), 1927, in Georgian Stories, edited by Arthur Waugh
 Three Wives, 1927
 Youth Rides Out, 1928
 False Spring, 1929
 Introduction to The Pitiful Wife by Storm Jameson, 1931
 But Not for Love, 1931
 With Heartiest Christmas and New Year Greetings, 1932 (with William Kean Seymour)
 Maids and Mistresses, 1932
 Daughter to Philip, 1933
 Interlude for Sally, 1934
 Frost at Morning, 1935
 Summer of Life, 1936
 The Happier Eden, 1937
 Jane Austen; a Study for a Portrait (biography), 1937.
 Fool of Time, 1940
 The Chronicles of Sally, 1940
 The Unquiet Field, 1940
 Happy Ever After, 1941
 Return Journey, 1942
 Buds of May, 1943
 Joy as it Flies, 1944
 Tumbled House, 1946
 Family Group, 1947
 The Children Grow Up, 1949
 The Second Mrs. Cornford, 1951
 The Wine is Poured, 1953
 The Painted Lath'', 1955.

References

External sources
 Beatrice Kean Seymour, The Online Books Page, University of Pennsylvania

Category:British writers
Category:1886 births
Category:1955 deaths


Keysborough Football Club

The Keysborough Football Netball Club is a semi-professional Australian rules football club in the southern suburbs of Melbourne. The club participates in the Southern Football Netball League.

History
Formed in 1947, the Burras joined the Dandenong District 'B' grade competition. In 1948 the club won its first premiership with a victory over Officer, 15.13 103 to 12.12 84. Promoted into 'A' grade in 1950 the club stayed there until the DDFL folded at the end of 1953. In 1954 the club joined the Croydon Ferntree Gully FL and stay for four seasons.
In 1958 The club transferred to the South West Gippsland FL, it took only four year before premiership glory to returned to the club. The club saluted again in 1964 and 1965 and again later in 1976.

When the clubs in the Casey Cardinia Division decided in 2015, to break away from the Mornington Nepean FL, Keysborough decide to join the Southern Football Netball League instead. It was accepted and commenced in 2nd Division.

Senior Premierships
Dandenong District Football League B grade.
 1948
 South West Gippsland Football League
  1962, 1964, 1965, 1976.

VFL/AFL players
 Reg Kent -
 Leigh Capsalis -
 Chris Bryan - ,

References

External links
 Official website

Category:Southern Football League (Victoria)
Category:Australian rules football clubs in Melbourne
Category:1947 establishments in Australia
Category:Sports clubs established in 1947


SEPT10

Septin 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEPT10 gene.

Function

This gene encodes a member of the septin family of cytoskeletal proteins with GTPase activity. This protein localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus and displays GTP-binding and GTPase activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

References

Further reading


Landschaft Sylt

Landschaft Sylt is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It covers the island of Sylt (except the independent municipality Sylt in the center of the island), in the North Sea, about 65 km northwest of Husum. Its administrative seat is in the town Westerland - which is not, however, a part of the Amt.

Subdivision
The Amt Landschaft Sylt consists of the following municipalities:

Hörnum
Kampen
List
Wenningstedt-Braderup

Note: The total number of inhabitants, under 4,500, is less than the minimum requirement for an independently administrated Amt (8,000 inhabitants). The administration of the Amt is thus shared with the Gemeinde Sylt. Since 2009, the seat of the Amt has been located in the townhall of the Gemeinde Sylt in Westerland.

References

Category:Ämter in Schleswig-Holstein
Category:Sylt
Category:Nordfriesland


Desizing

Desizing is the process of removing the size material from warp yarns after a textile fabric is woven.

Sizing agents
Sizing agents are selected on the basis of type of fabric, environmental friendliness, ease of removal, cost considerations, effluent treatment, etc.

Natural sizing agents
Natural sizing agents are based on natural substances and their derivatives:

 Starch and starch derivatives: native starch, degradation starch, chemically modified starch products
 Cellulosic derivatives: carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose, oxyethylcellulose
 Protein-based starches: glue, gelatin, albumen

Synthetic sizing agents
 Polyacrylates
 Modified polyesters
 Polyvinyl alcohols (PVA)
 Styrene/maleic acid copolymers

Desizing processes
Desizing, irrespective of what the desizing agent is, involves impregnation of the fabric with the desizing agent, allowing the desizing agent to degrade or solubilise the size material, and finally to wash out the degradation products. The major desizing processes are:

 Enzymatic desizing of starches on cotton fabrics
 Oxidative desizing
 Acid desizing
 Removal of water-soluble sizes
 Fermentative desizing

Enzymatic desizing
Enzymatic desizing is the classical desizing process of degrading starch size on cotton fabrics using enzymes. Enzymes are complex organic, soluble bio-catalysts, formed by living organisms, that catalyze chemical reaction in biological processes. Enzymes are quite specific in their action on a particular substance. A small quantity of enzyme is able to decompose a large quantity of the substance it acts upon. Enzymes are usually named by the kind of substance degraded in the reaction it catalyzes.

Amylases are the enzymes that hydrolyses and reduce the molecular weight of amylose and amylopectin molecules in starch, rendering it water-soluble enough to be washed off the fabric.

Effective enzymatic desizing require strict control of pH, temperature, water hardness, electrolyte addition and choice of surfactant.

Oxidative desizing
In oxidative desizing, the risk of damage to the cellulose fiber is very high, and its use for desizing is increasingly rare. Oxidative desizing uses potassium or sodium persulfate or sodium bromite as an oxidizing agent.

Acid desizing
Cold solutions of dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acids are used to hydrolyze the starch, however, this has the disadvantage of also affecting the cellulose fiber in cotton fabrics.

Removal of water-soluble sizes
Fabrics containing water-soluble sizes can be desized by washing using hot water, perhaps containing wetting agents (surfactants) and a mild alkali. The water replaces the size on the outer surface of the fiber, and absorbs within the fiber to remove any fabric residue.

Fermentative desizing
Fermentative desizing is defined as a fermentation process and involves the Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) microorganisms that have a high potential to produce enzymes; it is carried out via impregnation/padding methods, which provide online monitoring and accurate control. The method allows an economical process with low resource consumption and emission compared to the enzymatic method, it is considerably cheaper.

Desizing 2000
Desizing 2000 is a reliable and simple combined process of desizing and demineralization for cotton. Desizing 2000 is a novel desizing technique.

See also
 Sizing
 Textile manufacturing
 Textile processing

References

Category:Fibers
Category:Textiles
Category:Weaving
Category:Textile techniques


2018–19 Moldovan Cup

The 2018–19 Moldovan Cup () was the 28th season of the annual Moldovan football cup competition. It began with the preliminary round on 12 May 2018, and concluded with the final on 22 May 2019. Milsami Orhei were the defending champions.

Format and Schedule
The preliminary round and the first two rounds proper are regionalised to reduce teams travel costs.

Participating teams
The following teams are qualified for the competition.

Number in brackets denote the level of respective league in Football in Moldova. Teams in bold continue to the next round of the competition.

Preliminary Round
14 clubs from the Divizia B entered this round. Teams that finished higher on the league in the previous season played their ties away. 13 clubs from the Divizia B received a bye for the preliminary round. Matches were played on 12 May 2018.

First Round
20 clubs from the Divizia B and 12 clubs from the Divizia A entered this round. In a match, the home advantage was granted to the team from the lower league. If two teams are from the same division, the team that finished higher on the league in the previous season played their tie away. Matches were played on 25 and 26 May 2018.

Second Round
The 16 winners from the previous round entered this round. In a match, the home advantage was granted to the team from the lower league. If two teams are from the same division, the team that finished higher on the league in the previous season played their tie away. Matches were played on 9 June 2018.

Final stage

Bracket

Round of 16
The 8 winners from the previous round and 8 clubs from the Divizia Națională entered this round. The home teams in the first legs and the pairs were determined in a draw held on 13 June 2018.The first legs were played on 20 June 2018 and the second legs on 5,6 and 7 July 2018.

|}

First leg

Second leg

Quarter-Finals
The 8 winners from the previous round entered the quarter-finals. The home teams in the first legs were determined in a draw held on 16 July 2018.The first legs were played on 26 September 2018 and the second legs on 31 October 2018.

|}

First leg

Second leg

Semi-Finals
The 4 winners from the previous round entered the semi-finals. The home teams in the first legs were determined in a draw held on 4 December 2018.The first legs were played on 16 and 17 April 2019 and the second legs on 7 and 8 May 2019.

|}

First leg

Second leg

Final

The final was played on Wednesday 22 May 2019 at the Zimbru Stadium in Chișinău. The "home" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held on 9 May 2019.

References

External links
Cupa Moldovei on soccerway

Category:Moldovan Cup seasons
Moldova


Cape Jervis Lighthouse

Cape Jervis Lighthouse is a lighthouse located at the headland of Cape Jervis on the most westerly part of the Fleurieu Peninsula on the east coast of Gulf St Vincent in South Australia.

History
It was first lit on 10 August 1871.  In 1972, the original tower was replaced by a new tower.

See also

 List of lighthouses in Australia

References

External links
 Australian Maritime Safety Authority

Category:Lighthouses completed in 1871
Category:Lighthouses in South Australia
Category:1871 establishments in Australia
Category:Fleurieu Peninsula
j


Transition (fiction)

Transitions in fiction are words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, or punctuation that may be used to signal various changes in a story, including changes in time, location, point-of-view character, mood, tone, emotion, and pace. Transitions are sometimes listed as one of various fiction-writing modes.

Purpose
Transitions provide for a seamless narrative flow as a story shifts in time, location, or  point-of view.  They aid the internal logic of a story by moving readers from sentence to sentence, paragraph to paragraph, idea to idea, scene to scene, and chapter to chapter with grace and ease.

Types
Transitions in fiction may take any of several forms, including chapter breaks, section breaks, and summarization.

See also
Style (fiction)
Transition (linguistics)
Writing

Footnotes

References
<cite id = Marshall>
<cite id = Morrell>
<cite id = Polking>
<cite id = Rosenfeld>

Category:Writing
*


Alpine Energy

Alpine Energy Limited is an electricity distribution business based in Timaru, New Zealand. The company own and operates the electricity distribution network in South Canterbury.

The company's distribution network consists of  of lines, supplying electricity to approximately 33,000 customers. The network covers the towns of Timaru, Temuka, Waimate, Pleasant Point, Fairlie, Lake Tekapo, Twizel, and Mount Cook Village.

Alpine Energy holds the naming rights to Alpine Energy Stadium, the home ground of the South Canterbury rugby union team and an alternate home ground for the Crusaders Super Rugby team.

References

External links

Category:Electric power companies of New Zealand


Candelariodon

Candelariodon is an extinct genus of carnivorous cynodonts from the Middle Triassic Santa Maria Formation of the Paraná Basin in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Candelariodon is known from a partial mandible having some complete teeth. It was collected from the Santa Maria Formation. It was first named by Téo Veiga De Oliveira, Cesar Leandro Schultz, Marina Bento Soares and Carlos Nunes Rodrigues in 2011 and the type species is Candelariodon barberenai.

Description

The holotype (MMACR PV-0001-T) of Candelariodon barberenai comes from the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone of the Pinheros-Chiniquá Sequence, Santa Maria Supersequence. It corresponds to the lower portion of the traditional Santa Maria Formation and the Santa Maria 1 Sequence of Zerfass et al. (2003). The outcrop that yielded MMACR PV-0001-T is located about  south of Candelária, Rio Grande do Sul, southeastern Brazil, in the Pinheiro, an area in which several tetrapods characteristic of the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone have been discovered.

References

Bibliography

Category:Probainognathian genera
Category:Middle Triassic synapsids of South America
Category:Triassic Brazil
Category:Fossils of Brazil
Category:Santa Maria Formation
Category:Fossil taxa described in 2011


Jack J. Pendleton

Jack James Pendleton (March 31, 1918 – October 12, 1944) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

Biography
Pendleton joined the Army from Yakima, Washington in July 1942, and by October 12, 1944 was serving as a Staff Sergeant in Company I, 120th Infantry Regiment, 30th Infantry Division. On that day, in Bardenberg, Germany, Pendleton voluntarily led his squad in an attack against an enemy machine gun. After being seriously wounded, he continued forward alone, purposely drawing the machine gun's fire so that another squad could advance and destroy the enemy position. Killed by the intense fire from the machine gun, Pendleton was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor six months later, on April 6, 1945.

Pendleton, aged 26 at his death, was buried in Tahoma Cemetery, Yakima, Washington.

Medal of Honor citation
Staff Sergeant Pendleton's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty on 12 October 1944. When Company I was advancing on the town of Bardenberg, Germany, they reached a point approximately two-thirds of the distance through the town when they were pinned down by fire from a nest of enemy machineguns. This enemy strong point was protected by a lone machinegun strategically placed at an intersection and firing down a street which offered little or no cover or concealment for the advancing troops. The elimination of this protecting machinegun was imperative in order that the stronger position it protected could be neutralized. After repeated and unsuccessful attempts had been made to knock out this position, S/Sgt. Pendleton volunteered to lead his squad in an attempt to neutralize this strongpoint. S/Sgt. Pendleton started his squad slowly forward, crawling about 10 yards in front of his men in the advance toward the enemy gun. After advancing approximately 130 yards under the withering fire, S/Sgt. Pendleton was seriously wounded in the leg by a burst from the gun he was assaulting. Disregarding his grievous wound, he ordered his men to remain where they were, and with a supply of handgrenades he slowly and painfully worked his way forward alone. With no hope of surviving the veritable hail of machinegun fire which he deliberately drew onto himself, he succeeded in advancing to within 10 yards of the enemy position when he was instantly killed by a burst from the enemy gun. By deliberately diverting the attention of the enemy machine gunners upon himself, a second squad was able to advance, undetected, and with the help of S/Sgt. Pendleton's squad, neutralized the lone machinegun, while another platoon of his company advanced up the intersecting street and knocked out the machinegun nest which the first gun had been covering. S/Sgt. Pendleton's sacrifice enabled the entire company to continue the advance and complete their mission at a critical phase of the action.

Honored in ship naming
The , launched on May 26, 1944 by the United States Navy, was named in Sgt. Pendleton's honor on April 28, 1948.

See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

References

Category:1918 births
Category:1944 deaths
Category:American army personnel killed in World War II
Category:United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Category:People from Yakima, Washington
Category:United States Army soldiers
Category:Recipients of the Silver Star
Category:World War II recipients of the Medal of Honor


Silver Oaks – The School of Hyderabad

Silver Oaks International School, is a group of educational institution established in April 2002 by Mr. Dhanunjaya Vallabhaneni with its first campus at Bachupally, Hyderabad. Today the school operates campuses in Hyderabad, Bangalore and Visakhapatnam.

Campuses

Curriculum

Facilities
The campus includes a full-sized playground with football field, cricket pitches for net practices, volleyball courts, basketball courts, lawn tennis courts and throw ball.
Table tennis, aerobics and carroms are available as indoor games.
The school has a skating rink and swimming pool.
NCC, Scout and Guide practices are available.
Sports Camp : for Grade II onwards, a sports camp is conducted for a month in every academic term after school hours for those students who show skills in tennis, skating, swimming, dance, music, art and craft, Yoga, cricket,volleyball,throw ball and basketball.
Students are encouraged to participate in competitions.
A Silver Oaks School Fest is conducted before the summer vacation to conduct sports competitions in the school.

References

Category:High schools and secondary schools in Hyderabad, India
Category:International Baccalaureate schools in India
Category:High schools and secondary schools in Andhra Pradesh
Category:High schools and secondary schools in Bangalore


Joseph Rosenberg Fountain

Rosenberg Fountain is an outdoor fountain and sculpture by German artist Franz Machtl, installed at Chicago's Grant Park, in the U.S. state of Illinois.

See also
 List of public art in Chicago

References

External links

Category:Fountains in Illinois
Category:Outdoor sculptures in Chicago


Glycome

The glycome is the entire complement of sugars, whether free or present in more complex molecules, of an organism. An alternative definition is the entirety of carbohydrates in a cell. The glycome may in fact be one of the most complex entities in nature. "Glycomics, analogous to genomics and proteomics, is the systematic study of all glycan structures of a given cell type or organism" and is a subset of glycobiology.

"Carbohydrate", "glycan", "saccharide", and "sugar" are generic terms used interchangeably in this context and includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and derivatives of these compounds. Carbohydrates consist of “hydrated carbon”, i.e. [CH2O]n. Monosaccharides are a carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed into a simpler carbohydrate and are the building blocks of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. Oligosaccharides are linear or branched chains of monosaccharides attached to one another via glycosidic linkages. The number of monosaccharide units can vary. Polysaccharides are glycans composed of repeating monosaccharides, generally greater than ten monosaccharide units in length.

The glycome exceeds the complexity of the proteome as a result of the even greater diversity of the glycome's constituent carbohydrates and is further complicated by the sheer multiplicity of possibilities in the combination and interaction of the carbohydrates with each other and with proteins. "The spectrum of all glycan structures — the glycome — is immense. In humans, its size is orders of magnitude greater than the number of proteins that are encoded by the genome, one percent of which encodes proteins that make, modify, localize or bind sugar chains, which are known as glycans."

The outer surface of the cell is a sea of lipids with a fleet of sugar molecules, many of which are attached to proteins, fats or both, that interact with molecules outside the cell and are critical for the communication between cells and the stickiness of a cell. "Glycans are nature's biologic modifiers," says Jamey Marth, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at the University of California San Diego."Glycans generally don't turn physiologic processes on and off, rather they modify the behavior of the cell by responding to external stimuli."

See also
Glycomics
Cell adhesion
Glycolipid
Glycoprotein
List of omics topics in biology

Tools used for research on glycome
The following are examples of the commonly used techniques in glycan analysis:

High-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
The most commonly applied methods are MS and HPLC, in which the glycan part is cleaved either enzymatically or chemically from the target and subjected to analysis. In case of glycolipids, they can be analyzed directly without separation of the lipid component.

N-glycans from glycoproteins are analyzed routinely by high-performance-liquid-chromatography (reversed phase, normal phase and ion exchange HPLC) after tagging the reducing end of the sugars with a fluorescent compound (reductive labeling).
A large variety of different labels were introduced in the recent years, where 2-aminobenzamide (AB), anthranilic acid (AA), 2-aminopyridin (PA), 2-aminoacridone (AMAC) and 3-(acetylamino)-6-aminoacridine (AA-Ac) are just a few of them.

O-glycans are usually analysed without any tags, due to the chemical release conditions preventing them to be labeled.

Fractionated glycans from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instruments can be further analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS(MS) to get further information about structure and purity. Sometimes glycan pools are analyzed directly by mass spectrometry without prefractionation, although a discrimination between isobaric glycan structures is more challenging or even not always possible. Anyway, direct MALDI-TOF-MS analysis can lead to a fast and straightforward illustration of the glycan pool.

In recent years, high performance liquid chromatography online coupled to mass spectrometry became very popular. By choosing porous graphitic carbon as a stationary phase for liquid chromatography, even non derivatized glycans can be analyzed. Detection is here done by mass spectrometry, but in instead of MALDI-MS, electrospray ionisation (ESI) is more frequently used.

Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM)
Although MRM has been used extensively in metabolomics and proteomics, its high sensitivity and linear response over a wide dynamic range make it especially suited for glycan biomarker research and discovery. MRM is performed on a triple quadrupole (QqQ) instrument, which is set to detect a predetermined precursor ion in the first quadrupole, a fragmented in the collision quadrupole, and a predetermined fragment ion in the third quadrupole. It is a non-scanning technique, wherein each transition is detected individually and the detection of multiple transitions occurs concurrently in duty cycles. This technique is being used to characterize the immune glycome.

Table 1:Advantages and disadvantages of mass spectrometry in glycan analysis

Arrays
Lectin and antibody arrays provide high-throughput screening of many samples containing glycans. This method uses either naturally occurring lectins or artificial monoclonal antibodies, where both are immobilized on a certain chip and incubated with a fluorescent glycoprotein sample.

Glycan arrays, like that offered by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics and Z Biotech LLC, contain carbohydrate compounds that can be screened with lectins or antibodies to define carbohydrate specificity and identify ligands.

Metabolic and covalent labeling of glycans
Metabolic labeling of glycans can be used as a way to detect glycan structures. A well known strategy involves the use of azide-labeled sugars which can be reacted using the Staudinger ligation. This method has been used for in vitro and in vivo imaging of glycans.

Tools for glycoproteins
X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for complete structural analysis of complex glycans is a difficult and complex field. However, the structure of the binding site of numerous lectins, enzymes and other carbohydrate-binding proteins has revealed a wide variety of the structural basis for glycome function. The purity of test samples have been obtained through chromatography (affinity chromatography etc.) and analytical electrophoresis (PAGE (polyacrylamide electrophoresis), capillary electrophoresis, affinity electrophoresis, etc.).

Sources and notes

Further reading
Bio-IT World a periodical covering glycomics
 (A proposal to base the glycome project on Caenorhabditis elegans, a microscopic worm, whose entire genome is already sequenced)
'GlycoChip'
Carolyn Bertozzi's Seminar: "Chemical Glycobiology"

Category:Glycomics


You're the One (Shane MacGowan & Máire Brennan song)

"You're the One" is a duet by Máire Brennan and Shane MacGowan taken from the soundtrack to the motion picture Circle of Friends. A promotional video was made to accompany the single featuring clips from the film in addition specially recorded shots of Máire and Shane. The two B-sides to the single are taken from Shane's album The Snake.

Track listing
Compact Disc
"You're the One"
"Aisling"
"Victoria"

References

Category:1995 singles
Category:Songs written for films
Category:Songs written by Shane MacGowan
Category:Songs written by Michael Kamen
Category:1995 songs
Category:ZTT Records singles


2000 Vuelta a Venezuela

The 37th edition of the annual Vuelta a Venezuela was held from October 17 to October 29, 2000. The stage race started in San Fernando, and ended in San Cristóbal.

Stages

2000-10-17: San Fernando — San Fernando (129 km)

2000-10-18: Calabozo — San Juan de Los Morros (154 km)

2000-10-19: El Cabriales — Valencia (110 km)

2000-10-20: Yagua — San Diego (22 km)

2000-10-20: Valencia — Valencia (94 km)

2000-10-21: Valencia — Los Teques (133 km)

2000-10-22: Bolívar — Caracas (130 km)

2000-10-23: Maracay — San Felipe (169 km)

2000-10-24: San Felipe Circuito (83 km)

2000-10-24: Barquisimeto Circuit (63 km)

2000-10-25: Carora — Cabimas (201 km)

2000-10-26: Cabimas — Dividive (157 km)

2000-10-27: Dividive — El Vigía (160 km)

2000-10-28: El Vigía — San Cristóbal (175 km)

2000-10-29: San Cristóbal Circuito (124 km)

Final classification

References
 http://www.geocities.com/alguerdu/CICL/vvenezuela.htm Results (Archived 2009-10-22)

Category:Vuelta a Venezuela
Venezuela
Vuelta Venezuela


Allen Barnett

Allen M. Barnett (born June 20, 1940) was a research professor of electrical engineering at the University of Delaware. He was the principal investigator of the DARPA-funded Consortium for Very High Efficiency Solar cells. Barnett was the founder and CEO of solar-cell producer Astropower, Inc.

Education
Barnett graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1963 and earned his doctorate in electrical engineering from Carnegie Mellon University in 1966. He was a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

Career
Barnett joined the University of Delaware (UD) as Director of the Institute of Energy Conversion and Professor of Electrical Engineering. He left UD in 1993, to dedicate his time to AstroPower Inc. which he founded in the early 1980s. He returned to UD in 2003 as the Executive Director of the Solar Power Program, Research Professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Senior Policy Fellow at the Center of Energy and Environmental Policy. Barnett joined the UNSW School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering in 2011.

Publications

Barnett published a number of research articles, and also contributed to a book, Renewable Energy: Sources for Fuels and Electricity.

Recognition
Barnett was a recipient of the Boer Medal. He was named one of the "The 50 Most Influential Delawareans of the Past 50 Years" in 2012 by Delaware Today. Other awards held by Barnett include:

IEEE William R. Cherry Award
IEEE Fellow Award
Karl W. Böer Solar Energy Medal of Merit
P. Merriott W.H.O. Philanthropist of the year 2004

The AstroPower Case
Barnett was involved in a financial fraud case along with Thomas Stiner, while he was the CEO of AstroPower Inc. The SEC filed a settled civil fraud action in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia against Allen Barnett, the former CEO, and Thomas Stiner, the former CFO, of AstroPower Inc. According to the complaint, they had made material misstatements, engaged in fraudulent accounting practices, and signed filings made with the Commission that they either knew or were reckless in not knowing, contained substantially fabricated and false financial statements.

The SEC charges that at the direction of Barnett and Stiner, AstroPower improperly recognized about $4 million in revenues from four transactions executed over the course of the second and third quarters of 2002. As a result of improperly recognizing revenue from these transactions, AstroPower’s net income was overstated by about $160,000 or 80 percent for the second quarter of 2002, and about $440,000 or 113 percent for the third quarter of that year, according to the SEC.

Barnett and Stiner agreed to permanent injunctions. Along with other sanctions, they agreed to the payment of civil penalties in the amount of $65,000 and $40,000, respectively.

References

External links
 University of Delaware biography
 "Largest solar cell research effort launched", MSNBC.com, Nov. 4, 2005

Category:Living people
Category:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign alumni
Category:Carnegie Mellon University College of Engineering alumni
Category:University of Delaware faculty
Category:American electrical engineers
Category:American chief executives
Category:1940 births


Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade – Women's javelin throw

The women's javelin throw event at the 2001 Summer Universiade was held at the Workers Stadium in Beijing, China on 29 August.

Results

References

Category:Athletics at the 2001 Summer Universiade
Category:2001 in women's athletics


Hello Central! Give Me No Man's Land

'"Hello Central! Give Me No Man's Land" is a World War I era song released in 1918. Lyrics were written by Sam M. Lewis and Joe Young. Jean Schwartz composed the music. The song was published by Waterson Berlin & Snyder, Co. of New York City. Artist Albert Wilfred Barbelle designed the sheet music cover, which features a photo of Al Jolson next to a shadow of a child on the phone. Explosions in No Man's Land take up the rest of the red background. The song was written for both voice and piano. It was first introduced in the 1918 musical Sinbad.

The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

The song tells the story of a child attempting to call her father in No man's land. She is unable to reach him over the telephone because her father has been killed fighting on the Western Front. The chorus is as follows:
"Hello Central! Give me No Man's Land,
My daddy's there, my mamma told me;
She tip-toed off to bed
After prayers were said;
Don't ring when you get the number,
Or you'll disturb mamma's slumber
I'm afraid to stand here at the 'phone
Cause I'm alone.
So won't you hurry;
I want to know why mama starts to weep
When I say, 'Now I lay me down to sleep';
Hello Central! Give me No Man's Land."

References

firstworldwar.com

External links
Albums "Hello Central! Give Me No Man's Land" can be found on

Category:1918 songs
Category:Songs of World War I
Category:Songs with music by Jean Schwartz
Category:Songs with lyrics by Sam M. Lewis
Category:Songs with lyrics by Joe Young (lyricist)


Zee Maharashtra Kusti Dangal

Zee Maharashtra Kusti Dangal (ZMKD)  is a professional-level wrestling league in India, launched on 2 November 2018 and broadcasting on Zee Talkies. Zee Talkies announced the tournament on 12 January 2018 in Mumbai.

Format
Currently, with six teams, each team plays each other twice in the league phase. At the conclusion of the league stage, the top four teams will qualify for the semi finals. The winners of the semifinal matches will move onto the final to play the ZMKD final match, where the winner will be crowned the Zee Maharashtra Kusti Dangal champions.

Season 1
The six teams consist of 3 celebrities and 3 dignitaries from different fields, and tournament matches will be held at the Balewadi Stadium in Pune. The first draft event of players for the 6 teams was held on 19 October 2018 in Mumbai.

Teams
Following the player draft, the names of the final team and their players were announced at the press conference. Swwapnil Joshi (Vidharbhache Wagh), Sai Tamhankar (Kolhapuri Mavle), Nagraj Manjule (Veer Marathwada), Purshottam Jadhav (Yashwant Satara), Rajesh Dake (Mumbai Astra) and Shantaram Manve & Paritosh Painter (Puneri Ustaad) own six teams in the wrestling tournament.

Prize
Prize money for the winner of season 1 will be ₹ 50 Lakh. The first and second runners-up will be awarded ₹ 30 lakh and ₹ 20 lakh respectively.

References

Category:2018 establishments in India
Category:Sports leagues established in 2018
Category:Professional sports leagues in India
Category:Wrestling in India
Category:Wrestling competitions


2009–10 Biathlon World Cup – Individual Women

The 2009–10 Biathlon World Cup – Individual Women will start at Wednesday December 2, 2009 in Östersund and will finish Thursday February 18, 2009 in Vancouver at the olympic Biathlon event. Defending titlist is Magdalena Neuner of Germany.

Competition format
The 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) individual race is the oldest biathlon event; the distance is skied over five laps. The biathlete shoots four times at any shooting lane, in the order of prone, standing, prone, standing, totalling 20 targets. For each missed target a fixed penalty time, usually one minute, is added to the skiing time of the biathlete. Competitors' starts are staggered, normally by 30 seconds.

2008-09 Top 3 Standings

Medal winners

Standings

References

- Individual Women, 2009-10 Biathlon World Cup


Helenodes murmurata

Helenodes  murmurata is a species of moth in the family Plutellidae.

This species is known from Assam, India, and has a wingspan of 13–16 mm.

References

Category:Plutellidae
Category:Moths described in 1913


Quality (Talib Kweli album)

Quality is the debut studio album by American rapper Talib Kweli. The album was released on November 19, 2002, by Rawkus Records. It received wide critical acclaim and had some commercial appeal from the song "Get By", produced by Kanye West. Kludge magazine included it on their list of best albums of 2002.

Background
In 1998 Talib Kweli and Mos Def as duo Black Star released critically acclaimed album Mos Def & Talib Kweli Are Black Star. The duo planned to release their second album, but Mos Def was busy working on film The Italian Job. Meanwhile, Kweli decided to work on other projects. As part of Reflection Eternal duo with Hi-Tek he released Train of Thought in 2000. Then, following the success of his previous albums, Kweli decided to release his debut solo album.

The album was called Quality. In 2002 interview with Rolling Stone rapper explained the album's name:

According to Billboard, the album's name is also a wordplay on rapper's similarly pronounced surname.

Release and promotion

Quality was released on November 19, 2002 (November 25 in the UK), by Rawkus Records. Despite Kweli still being considered an underground artist, the album was commercially successful. It peaked at number 21 on the Billboard 200 and number 6 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Three singles were released from the album; "Good to You"/"Put It in the Air", "Waitin' For The DJ"/"Guerilla Monsoon Rap" and "Get By". Despite positive reception, the first two singles failed to make any impact on mainstream charts, so the label decided to not release the third single, considering the song and its content not commercially viable. In response to this, Kweli and his manager made several copies of the single and sent it to a number of popular radio DJs across New York. With help from DJ Enuff, the team at Power 106, and many other local DJs, the single gained popularity through local airplay, and was eventually released by Rawkus. "Get By" received radio airplay in early 2003 and charted on the Billboard Hot 100, where it peaked at number 77, becoming Kweli's biggest solo hit. A music video for the song was later released and an official remix was recorded. The remix, featuring Kanye West, Mos Def, Jay Z, and Busta Rhymes, was aired for a short time on New York hip-hop radio, but did not receive an official release.

After the release of Quality, Kweli embarked on a tour in support of the album, where he was accompanied by friend and producer Kanye West as an opening act. At the time, West was considered a talented producer, but executives at West's label, Roc-A-Fella, did not feel he had potential as a solo rapper. Kweli allowed West to perform on stage with him during his concerts, giving West his first stage exposure to large crowds. West later expressed his gratitude to Kweli, saying that he owed a part of his early success to these performances.

Track listing

Personnel

 Talib Kweli – performer, writer, executive producer
 Corey Smyth – executive producer
 Kanye West – performer, writer, producer
 Eric Krasno – producer
 Soulquarians – producer
 J Dilla – producer
 DJ Scratch – producer
 DJ Quik – performer, producer, mixing
 Ayatollah – producer
 Supa Dave West – producer
 Megahertz – producer
 Dahoud Darien – producer
 Bilal – performer
 Black Thought – performer
 Cocoa Brovaz – performer
 Kendra Ross – performer, vocals
 Mos Def – performer
 Novel – performer
 Pharoahe Monch – performer
 Res – performer
 Vinia Mojica – performer
 Xzibit – performer, vocals
 Vernetta Bobien – vocals
 Abby Dobson – vocals
 Chinua Hawk – vocals

 Samuel James – vocals
 Aisha Mike – vocals
 Tiffany Phinazee – vocals
 Teodross Avery – saxophone
 Duane Eubanks – trumpet
 Pino Palladino – bass
 Doug Wimbish – bass
 James Poyser – keyboards
 Savion Glover – percussion
 Tom Brick – mastering
 Axel Niehaus – mixing
 Serban Ghenea – mixing
 Neil Pogue – mixing
 Dave Dar – recording, engineering
 Joe Nardone – recording
 Geoff Allen – engineering
 Bruno Marco – assistant engineer
 The G-Man – assistant engineer
 Blak Shawn – A&R director
 Sally Morita – A&R director
 Chad Hogan – photography, art director, designer
 Andrew Donsumu – photography
 Shay Peretz – photography
 Greg Scaffidi – photography
 Robin Hill – sample clearance

Chart positions

Album

Singles

Certifications

References

External links

Category:2002 debut albums
Category:Talib Kweli albums
Category:Rawkus Records albums
Category:MCA Records albums
Category:Albums produced by Kanye West
Category:Albums produced by J Dilla
Category:Albums produced by DJ Scratch
Category:Albums produced by Ayatollah
Category:Albums produced by Questlove
Category:Albums produced by DJ Quik


Laram Qullu

Laram Qullu (Aymara larama blue, qullu mountain, "blue mountain", also spelled Laran Kkollu) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately . It is located in the La Paz Department, Loayza Province, Luribay Municipality. Laram Qullu lies northeast of Chuqi Sillani.

References

Category:Mountains of La Paz Department (Bolivia)


Xia Yuting

Xia Yuting (; born 29 May 2000) is a Chinese badminton player from Jiangsu. She was part of the national junior team that won the mixed team title at the 2017 and 2018 World Junior Championships and also at the 2018 Asian Junior Championships. In the individual junior event, she was the girls' doubles champion at the 2018 World Junior Championships partnered with Liu Xuanxuan.

Achievements

World Junior Championships
Girls' doubles

Asian Junior Championships
Girls' doubles

BWF World Tour (1 title, 1 runner-up)
The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000, Super 750, Super 500, Super 300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super 100.

Women's doubles

BWF International Challenge/Series (1 title)
Women's doubles

  BWF International Challenge tournament
  BWF International Series tournament

References

External links

Category:2000 births
Category:Living people
Category:Badminton players from Jiangsu
Category:Chinese female badminton players


Parivaz

Parivaz (, also Romanized as Parīvāz; also known as Parvaz and Priwāz) is a village in Hoseynabad-e Goruh Rural District, Rayen District, Kerman County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported.

References

Category:Populated places in Kerman County


Konstantin Tolokonnikov

Konstantin Tolokonnikov (born 26 February 1996 in Rostov-on-Don, Russia) is a Russian middle distance runner who has specializes in the 800 metres. Tolokonnikov has won silver medals at the 2013 World Youth Championships and at the 2015 European Junior Championships. At the 2015 European Junior Championships Tolokonnikov won the Gold medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay.

At the 2013 World Youth Championships Tolokonnikov made up a huge amount of ground to pass five men in the last 100 m which is partly why he has earned the nickname “the second Borzakovskiy”, after the Russian Olympic 2004 champion Yuriy Borzakovskiy. Tolokonnikov run with very similar style also at the 2015 European Team Championships Super League and at the 2015 European Junior Championships and because of that he is becoming well known for sitting back until about the last 100 metres and then using a great kick to catch up and win a medal, reminiscent of the tactics of the great Borzakovskiy.

In August 2015 Tolokonnikov won his first Russian national Championships gold with a personal best of 1:45.76. In this race Tolokonnikov didn't sit back but lead the race from start to finish. His time qualified him to the 2015 World Championships. A few days later Tolokonnikov was chosen to represent Russia at the 2015 World Championships in Beijing.

Achievements

References

External links
 European Athletics profile
 IAAF profile

Category:1996 births
Category:Living people
Category:Russian male middle-distance runners
Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for Russia


Voiced linguolabial stop

The voiced linguolabial stop is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents it is  or .

Features
Features:

Occurrence

The linguolabial in Bijago is commonly realized as a tap .

References

Category:Linguolabial consonants
Category:Pulmonic consonants
Category:Plosives
Category:Voiced oral consonants


Stephen Worobetz

Stephen Worobetz,  (December 26, 1914 – February 2, 2006) was a Canadian physician and the 13th Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan.

Born in Krydor, Saskatchewan, of Ukrainian origin, he received a Bachelor of Science from the University of Saskatchewan in 1935 and a Doctor of Medicine from University of Manitoba in 1940. During World War II, he served as a medical officer with the Canadian Army in Italy and was awarded the Military Cross. After the war, he practised medicine in Saskatoon and studied to be a general surgeon in Winnipeg and Philadelphia.

From 1970 to 1976, he was the 13th Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan. As The Queen's representative in Saskatchewan, he carried out such duties as reading the Speech from the Throne, swearing in premiers and Cabinet ministers, opening legislative sessions, and bestowing honours upon Saskatchewan citizens. Afterwards he returned to his medical practice until his retirement in 1982.

In 1993, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 1999, he was awarded the Saskatchewan Order of Merit.

Worobetz died on February 2, 2006.

References
 Thomas M. Prymak, Maple Leaf and Trident: The Ukrainian Canadians During the Second World War (Toronto: Multicultural History Society of Ontario, 1988), pp. 136–7. Contains his citation for the Military Cross, awarded for bravery on the front lines.

External links
Order of Canada Citation

Category:1914 births
Category:2006 deaths
Category:Canadian military doctors
Category:Lieutenant Governors of Saskatchewan
Category:Members of the Saskatchewan Order of Merit
Category:Officers of the Order of Canada
Category:Canadian recipients of the Military Cross
Category:Canadian people of Ukrainian descent
Category:Canadian military personnel of World War II
Category:University of Saskatchewan alumni
Category:Physicians from Saskatchewan


Bessie Rayner Parkes

Bessie Rayner Parkes Belloc (16 June 1829 – 23 March 1925) was one of the most prominent English feminists and campaigners for women's rights in Victorian times and also a poet, essayist and journalist.

Early life

A great-grandchild of the eminent scientist and Unitarian minister Joseph Priestley (1733–1804), Bessie Rayner Parkes was born in Birmingham, Warwickshire, England to loving, well-off parents, in a household interested in people and ideas. Her father was Joseph Parkes (1796–1865), a prosperous solicitor and a liberal with Radical sympathies. His support for his daughter's aspirations was moderate. Bessie's mother, Elizabeth Rayner Priestley (1797–1877), usually called Eliza, was a wife and mother, who always considered herself an American, having been born in Northumberland, Pennsylvania. She remembered her grandfather with admiration and love. Although not in great sympathy with her daughter over Bessie's strong wish to make changes in the status of women, Elizabeth nevertheless loved her dearly and did not actively oppose her.

Unusually for girls of her background, Bessie was sent to a progressive Unitarian boarding school at age 11, a period of her life which she enjoyed. Parkes' passion for writing stemmed from the cultured life she was exposed to as a child, as her parents were avid consumers of the arts. Self-taught poetry was Parkes's earliest passion, which later led her to use her talents in her activism.

Activism
Parkes became gradually aware of the unjust, contradictory, and even absurd situation of women in Great Britain, though there were many differences according to the social class they belonged to. The first endeavor that Parkes and her friend Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon took on was to try to change the restrictive property laws that applied to married women, see Married Women's Property Act 1870. In the 1831 England Census, Parkes is listed as visiting Barbara Leigh Smith and her family at their home, 9 Pelham Crescent, Hastings, Sussex.

Parkes also joined a group called the Committee for the Ladies' Address to their American Sisters on Slavery in 1853. The group of women worked to secure 576,000 signatures on their anti-slavery petition in the United States. Around the same time Parkes also was starting to advocate for the education of young women with her essay "Remarks on the Education of Girls". In this essay Parkes outlined her concern that women were limited to very few careers and criticised society regarding how little power women had compared to men.

Parkes was also indignant about the distinction made between "ladies" and "women". "Ladies", that is to say middle-class women, lost social status if they earned money, the only acceptable exceptions being writing, painting, or teaching, which for the most part meant governessing. Due in part to her efforts, by the close of the century, it became acceptable for a middle-class woman to acquire a proper education and train to do paid work. Working-class women had always belonged to the work force, whether they wanted to or not.

Parkes and her activist friends interacted with women in other countries of Europe and in the United States, adding a very considerable international dimension to their efforts. In the 1860s, Parkes belonged to the first women's group which set out to obtain voting rights.

Friendships

Bessie Rayner Parkes' wide circle of literary and political friends included George Eliot, Harriet Martineau, Anna Jameson, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Robert Browning, Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon, Elizabeth Blackwell, Lord Shaftesbury, Herbert Spencer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Elizabeth Gaskell, William Thackeray, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, John Ruskin, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Her most fruitful friendship was with Barbara Bodichon, for out of their joint efforts grew the first organized women's movement in Britain.

The closest friendship Rayner forged was her friendship with fellow activist Barbara Leigh Smith. They met in 1846, and their friendship inspired much of Parkes' work. After a trip around Europe they both felt deeply inspired to pursue the activism they would carry out later on in their lives.

The English Woman's Journal

Parkes became the principal editor of the first feminist British periodical – the English Woman's Journal – published monthly in London between 1858 and 1864. Its closure was due both to financial reasons and to the conflicts that arose among its sponsors and chief contributors.

Parkes was one of the founders of The English Woman's Journal and it later became the hub for those wanting to participate in the women's right movement. The offshoots that sprang from it were many and varied, such as the Society for the Promotion of the Employment of Women, the Victoria Printing Press (entirely staffed by women), the Law-Copying Office, and the Langham Place Group, where women gathered informally to discuss their lives or simply have a rest. The journal was a very important part of the community and the women's right movement in England as it provided many women with employment and an education that could never be taken away from them.

The Victoria Printing Press
The Victoria Printing Press was a business venture started by Parkes in 1860 to aid in her plan for the education of young women. As Parkes was a firm believer in all young women being trained in some skill, the printing press was a way for her to address that problem. Parkes herself did not know how to print when she purchased the printing press, so she hired a man to teach her and then instructed her staff how to print.

The Victoria Printing Press became the sole printer of The English Woman's Journal from 1860 until it closed in 1864. The press also printed The Transactions of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science and other publications that were in line with the views of Parkes, Smith and their all female staff. Parkes is quoted to have said to the women she was employing in her printing press that learning such a trade was "One dream of my life".

Conversion to Roman Catholicism

Another important part of Parkes' life story was her path to the Roman Catholic Church, to which she converted in 1864. After growing up in a radical Unitarian household Parkes, was familiar with Scripture from a young age. As she grew older Parkes found herself becoming more and more devout in the Christian faith. Comparing her earlier poetry to her later works, there are many Biblical references appearing while she was still a Unitarian, which only became more prominent as Parkes reached older age.

She kept up with events occurring in the Oxford Movement, but what impressed her was the social work carried out by Catholic nuns. She knew three English Cardinals personally, and recalled them in her writings.

Marriage and children

Aged 38, Bessie Rayner Parkes fell in love with a Frenchman of delicate health, named Louis Belloc, himself the son of a notable woman, Louise Swanton Belloc. She met her husband on a trip to La Celle St. Cloud with her friend Barbara Smith, now Bodichon. Louis had never been the healthiest of men when they had met, being diagnosed with unspecified brain inflammation. They were married on September 19, 1867 at St. James Catholic Church in London. Their five-year-long marriage, spent in France, was lovingly recounted by their daughter in her memoir, I Too Have Lived in Arcadia (the title is a reference to Et in Arcadia ego). They very quickly got pregnant and had two healthy children, but Parkes did have one miscarriage. The family lived through the Franco-Prussian War and was deeply affected by it on a material level.

It appears that the family relocated to England prior to the death of her husband, at least temporarily. In the 1871 England Census, Parkes and her husband are misspelled as the "Bellor" family instead of the Bellocs; they resided with their two small children, Marie and Joseph, at 11 College Street, Westminster. Parkes' husband suddenly died of sunstroke in 1872. After the death of husband Parkes moved back to England where she never truly got over the death of her husband. Their children, Marie Belloc Lowndes (1868–1947) and Joseph Hilaire Belloc (1870–1953), went on to become renowned writers in their different ways. In 1870, Joseph, married and the father of three children, applied for naturalisation in Britain; he gave as his residence 104 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, London and his occupation as a staff Lecturer of the University of Oxford extension scheme.

Later life

Parkes continued to write until late in life and remained a keen observer of politics and society. However, following her marriage and the death of her husband, her active involvement in the organized women's movements abated. She went to and traveled in the United States with her son in 1896 and continued writing. Parkes published five more works in the last 30 years of her life.

Anguish over the stupidity of war and pride in her country colored her feelings during the First World War. Almost at its close, her eldest grandchild, a Second Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force, went missing. He was shot down and killed near Cambrai, in France.

She died in 1925, aged 95. At her death Parkes left £3,688 in her will, which is the equivalent to £222,355, in 2019.

Published work

Bessie Rayner Parkes published fourteen books: poetry, essays, biography, memoirs, travel, and literature for children and adolescents, as well as a very effective booklet on women’s rights and dozens of articles. Much of her literary work was well received during her lifetime and her poetry was admired by John Ruskin and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.

Poems (London, John Chapman, 1852)
Poems was Parkes' first book to be published. It contained 66 poems, most of written upon the theme of nature. Much of this can be attributed to the inspiration Parkes drew from her trip around Europe with her lifelong friend Barbara Leigh Smith, in 1850. The injustices she saw as she traveled around Europe were also an inspiration for her work and also sparked her need to advocate for women's equal rights.

Books by Bessie Rayner Parkes
Summer Sketches and Other Poems (London, John Chapman, 1854)
 Remarks on the Education of Girls, with Reference to the Social, Legal, and Industrial Position of Women in the Present Day (London, John Chapman, 1854, 1st unsigned edition, 3rd signed edition 1856).
 Gabriel: A Poem (London, John Chapman, 1856)
 The History of our Cat Aspasia (London, Bosworth and Harrison, 1856). Illustrated by Annie Leigh Smith.
 Ballads and Songs (London, Bell & Daldy, 1863)
 Essays on Woman’s Work (London, Alexander Strahan, 1865)
 Vignettes: Twelve Biographical Sketches (London and New York, Alexander Strahan, 1866)
 La Belle France (London, Dalby, Isbister & Co., 1877). Signed Bessie Parkes-Belloc.
 Peoples of the World (London, Paris & New York, Cassell Petter & Galpin, [1870]). Signed Bessie Parkes-Belloc.
 In a Walled Garden (London, Ward & Downey, 1st edition, 1895, 5th edition 1900). Signed Bessie Rayner Belloc.
 A Passing World (London, Ward & Downey, 1897). Signed Bessie Rayner Belloc.
 Historic Nuns (London, Duckworth, 1898). Signed Bessie R. Belloc.
 The Flowing Tide (London, Sands & Co., 1900). Signed Bessie Rayner Belloc.
 In Fifty Years (London, Sands & Co., 1904). Signed Bessie Rayner Belloc.

Further reading

 Anderson, Bonnie S. Joyous Greetings, The International Women's Movement, 1830–1860 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000).
 Belloc Lowndes, Mrs. I, too, have lived in Arcadia (London: Macmillan, 1941).
 Fulmer, Constance M. “Bessie Rayner Parkes”. Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 240: Late 19th Century and Early 20th Century British Women Poets (Detroit: Gale Group, 2001).
 Herstein, Sheila R. A Mid-Victorian Feminist, Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985).
 Hirsch, Pam. Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon (London: Chatto & Windus, 1998).
 Lowndes, Emma. Turning Victorian Ladies into Women: The Life of Bessie Rayner Parkes, 1829–1925 (Palo Alto, CA: Academica Press, 2011).
 Lowndes, Susan, ed. Diaries and Letters of Marie Belloc Lowndes, 1911–1947 (London: Chatto & Windus, 1971).
 Rendall, Jane. "'A Moral Engine'? Feminism, Liberalism and the English Woman’s Journal", in Jane Rendall, ed., Equal or Different: Women’s Politics 1800–1914 (Oxford: Blackwell, 1987).
 ---. "Friendship and Politics: Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon (1827–91) and Bessie Rayner Parkes (1829–1925)", in Susan Mendus & Jane Rendall, eds., Sexuality and Subordination (London: Routledge, 1989).

References

External links
Works by or about Bessie Rayner Parkes (Belloc) at HathiTrust
Works by or about Bessie Rayner Belloc at Internet Archive
Works by or about Bessie Rayner Parkes (Belloc) at Google Books
Profile and a selection of poems by Bessie Rayner Parkes on the UK Literary Heritage site
 Bessie Rayner Parkes @ Orlando Project (for subscribers only)
 Full text of Ballads and Songs (1863)
 Full text of In a Walled Garden (1895)
 Catalog description of personal papers of Bessie Rayner Parkes at Girton College Archive, Cambridge

Category:1829 births
Category:1925 deaths
Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism
Category:English essayists
Category:English feminists
Category:English magazine editors
Category:English people of American descent
Category:English women poets
Category:English Roman Catholics
Category:English women non-fiction writers
Category:Women magazine editors
Category:Belloc family
Bessie
Category:Priestley family


Monte Cristo, Sierra County

The Monte Cristo was a famous old mining settlement in Sierra County, California near California State Route 49 and Downieville, California, USA. Monte Cristo can be reached by trails from Downieville. One of the main trails is at the ridge between Goodyears Creek and the North Fork of the North Yuba River. There are views of the Excelsior Mine on Goodyears Creek four miles northwest of Downieville near Monte Cristo. Goodyears Bar, California is nearby. The mines at Fir Cap, two miles from Monte Cristo, were once rich with gold.

The Monte Cristo community is now gone, which may qualify the location as being a Ghost town.

History

Monte Cristo was one of the richest mining camps from 1855 to 1860. In the 1859 election, almost one thousand votes were cast. Monte Cristo produced from the 1850s hundreds of thousands dollar's worth of gold.

In 1855, B. C. Stevens was the owner of a livery stable at Monte Cristo, Sierra county. He had a livery stable, which became insolvent. As a result, Isaac Stevens attempted to recover possession of horses, mules, hay, barley, and saddles, which the town sheriff levied upon.

On April 22, 1859, the Sacramento Daily Union reported:

On September 29, 1859 there was a major fire in the town of Monte Cristo. The Sierra Democrat gave a description of the fire:

On February 28, 1860, the Sacramento Daily Union reported delegates from Monte Cristo for the  Democratic State Convention. Mining claims were made along the Goodyears Creek, as well as a half-dozen mining tunnels.

In 1862, Robert Lewis Byington ran a butcher business in Monte Cristo. There were other businesses in Monte Cristo. To name a few, there was the Empire Saloon Monte Cristo; Exchange Saloon; Monte Cristo Drug and Variety Store; Williams Attorney and Counsellor at Law; and E. G. Bryant Physician and Surgeon.

Mining continued to be active through the 1860s into the 1870s at Monte Cristo. Placer mining was the most prevalent mining. There are reports of miners at Monte Cristo in the 1900s as well. In 1903, the White Bear channel was discovered that ran to Monte Cristo. The Monte Cristo Company worked the channel taking out $200,000 worth of gold. In 1911, the Monte Cristo Gravel Mines Company took out gold from the gravel they excavated.

Geography

The present day location for Monte Cristo is 5,280 feet [1,609 m] above sea level.
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):	39° 35' 46 North , 120° 51' 26 West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):	39.5961112976, -120.857223511 Google Maps showing Latitude & Longitude.

The White Bear channel runs through Saddleback Mountain and Fir Cap, passing through Cooper Ranch under Monte Cristo. The characteristics of the gravel of this channel is a large amount of clean white quartz boulders.

Communities also named Monte Cristo

There are 3 communities that are also named Monte Cristo. They are located in California and Washington.
 Monte Cristo Gold Mine, Los Angeles, California
 Monte Cristo, Sonoma, California
 Monte Cristo, Washington

References

External links
 Monte Cristo Mine
 Facebook Page for Gold Country Explorers

Category:Gold mines in California
Category:Underground mines in the United States
Category:Ghost towns in California


Indian Economic and Social History Review

The Indian Economic and Social History Review is an academic journal of Indian economic history. It is published by Sage Publications. The founding editor-in-chief was Tapan Raychaudhuri,  who was succeeded by Dharma Kumar. The current editors-in-chief are Sunil Kumar and Sanjay Subrahmanyam. The journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Abstracting and indexing
Indian Economic and Social History Review is abstracted and indexed in:
 EBSCO: EconLit
 ProQuest: International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
 Social Sciences Citation Index (Web of Science)
 SCOPUS
 Research Papers in Economics (RePEc)
 DeepDyve
 Portico
 Dutch-KB
 Pro-Quest-RSP
 EBSCO
 Ohio
 Sociological Abstracts - ProQuest
 Social Services Abstracts - ProQuest
 Worldwide Political Science Abstracts - ProQuest
 Bibliography of Asian Studies (BAS)
 J-Gate

References

 COPE

External links

 Homepage

Category:Asian history journals
Category:Economic history journals
Category:SAGE Publishing academic journals
Category:Publications established in 1964
Category:Quarterly journals
Category:English-language journals