Engineering geology

Engineering geology is the application of the geology to engineering study for the purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding  the location, design, construction, operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for. Engineering geologists provide geological and geotechnical recommendations, analysis, and design associated with human development and various types of structures.  The realm of the engineering geologist is essentially in the area of earth-structure interactions, or investigation of how the earth or earth processes impact human made structures and human activities.

Engineering geology studies may be performed during the planning, environmental impact analysis, civil or structural engineering design, value engineering and construction phases of public and private works projects, and during post-construction and forensic phases of projects. Works completed by engineering geologists include; geological hazard assessments, geotechnical, material properties, landslide and slope stability, erosion, flooding, dewatering, and seismic investigations, etc.  Engineering geology studies are performed by a geologist or engineering geologist that is educated, trained and has obtained experience related to the recognition and interpretation of natural processes, the understanding of how these processes impact human made structures (and vice versa), and knowledge of methods by which to mitigate hazards resulting from adverse natural or human made conditions.  The principal objective of the engineering geologist is the protection of life and property against damage caused by various geological conditions.

The practice of engineering geology is also very closely related to the practice of geological engineering and geotechnical engineering. If there is a difference in the content of the disciplines, it mainly lies in the training or experience of the practitioner.

History
Although the study of geology has been around for centuries, at least in its modern form, the science and practice of engineering geology only commenced as a recognized discipline until the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  The first book titled Engineering Geology was published in 1880 by William Penning.  In the early 20th century Charles Berkey, an American trained geologist who was considered the first American engineering geologist, worked on several water-supply projects for New York City, then later worked on the Hoover Dam and a multitude of other engineering projects.  The first American engineering geology textbook was written in 1914 by Ries and Watson. In 1921 Reginald W. Brock, the first Dean of Applied Science at the University of British Columbia, started the first undergraduate and graduate degree programs in Geological Engineering, noting that students with an engineering foundation made first-class practising geologists. In 1925, Karl Terzaghi, an Austrian trained engineer and geologist, published the first text in Soil Mechanics (in German).  Terzaghi is known as the parent of soil mechanics, but also had a great interest in geology; Terzaghi considered soil mechanics to be a sub-discipline of engineering geology.  In 1929, Terzaghi, along with Redlich and Kampe, published their own Engineering Geology text (also in German).

The need for geologist on engineering works gained worldwide attention in 1928 with the failure of the St. Francis Dam in California and the death of 426 people.  More engineering failures which occurred the following years also prompted the requirement for engineering geologists to work on large engineering projects.

In 1951, one of the earliest definitions of the "Engineering geologist" or "Professional Engineering Geologist" was provided by the Executive Committee of the Division on Engineering Geology of the Geological Society of America.

The practice
One of the most important roles as an engineering geologist is the interpretation of landforms and earth processes to identify potential geologic and related man-made hazards that may have a great impact on civil structures and human development. The background in geology provides the engineering geologist with an understanding of how the earth works, which is crucial minimizing earth related hazards.  Most engineering geologists also have graduate degrees where they have gained specialized education and training in soil mechanics, rock mechanics, geotechnics, groundwater, hydrology, and civil design.  These two aspects of the engineering geologists' education provide them with a unique ability to understand and mitigate for hazards associated with earth-structure interactions.

Scope of studies
Engineering geology investigation and studies may be performed:
for residential, commercial and industrial developments;
for governmental and military installations;
for public works such as a stormwater drainage system, power plant, wind turbine, transmission line, sewage treatment plant, water treatment plant, pipeline (aqueduct, sewer, outfall), tunnel, trenchless construction, canal, dam, reservoir, building foundation, railroad, transit, highway, bridge, seismic retrofit, power generation facility, airport and park;
for mine and quarry developments, mine tailing dam, mine reclamation and mine tunneling;
for wetland and habitat restoration programs;
for government, commercial, or industrial hazardous waste remediation sites;
for coastal engineering, sand replenishment, bluff or sea cliff stability, harbor, pier and waterfront development;
for offshore outfall, drilling platform and sub-sea pipeline, sub-sea cable; and
for other types of facilities.

Geohazards and adverse geological conditions
Typical geologic hazards or other adverse conditions evaluated and mitigated by an engineering geologist include:
fault rupture on seismically active faults;
seismic and earthquake hazards (ground shaking, liquefaction, lurching, lateral spreading, tsunami and seiche events);
landslide, mudflow, rockfall, debris flow, and avalanche hazards;
unstable slopes and slope stability;
erosion;
slaking and heave of geologic formations, such as frost heaving;
ground subsidence (such as due to ground water withdrawal, sinkhole collapse, cave collapse, decomposition of organic soils, and tectonic movement);
volcanic hazards (volcanic eruptions, hot springs, pyroclastic flows, debris flow, debris avalanche, gas emissions, volcanic earthquakes);
non-rippable or marginally rippable rock requiring heavy ripping or blasting;
weak and collapsible soils, foundation bearing failures;
shallow ground water/seepage; and
other types of geologic constraints.

An engineering geologist or geophysicist may be called upon to evaluate the excavatability (i.e. rippability) of earth (rock) materials to assess the need for pre-blasting during earthwork construction, as well as associated impacts due to vibration during blasting on projects.

Soil and rock mechanics

Soil mechanics is a discipline that applies principles of engineering mechanics, e.g. kinematics, dynamics, fluid mechanics, and mechanics of material, to predict the mechanical behaviour of soils.  Rock mechanics is the theoretical and applied science of the mechanical behaviour of rock and rock masses; it is that branch of mechanics concerned with the response of rock and rock masses to the force-fields of their physical environment. The fundamental processes are all related to the behaviour of porous media.  Together, soil and rock mechanics are the basis for solving many engineering geology problems.

Methods and reporting
The methods used by engineering geologists in their studies include
geologic field mapping of geologic structures, geologic formations, soil units and hazards;
the review of geologic literature, geologic maps, geotechnical reports, engineering plans, environmental reports, stereoscopic aerial photographs, remote sensing data, Global Positioning System (GPS) data, topographic maps and satellite imagery;
the excavation, sampling and logging of earth/rock materials in drilled borings, backhoe test pits and trenches, fault trenching, and bulldozer pits;
geophysical surveys (such as seismic refraction traverses, resistivity surveys, ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys, magnetometer surveys, electromagnetic surveys, high-resolution sub-bottom profiling, and other geophysical methods);
deformation monitoring as the systematic measurement and tracking of the alteration in the shape or dimensions of an object as a result of the application of stress to it manually or with an automatic deformation monitoring system; and
other methods.
The fieldwork is typically culminated in analysis of the data and the preparation of an engineering geologic report, geotechnical report or design brief, fault hazard or seismic hazard report, geophysical report, ground water resource report or hydrogeologic report. The engineering geology report can also be prepared in conjunction with a geotechnical report, but commonly provides the same geotechnical analysis and design recommendations that would be presented in a geotechnical report. An engineering geology report describes the objectives, methodology, references cited, tests performed, findings and recommendations for development and detailed design of engineering works. Engineering geologists also provide geologic data on topographic maps, aerial photographs, geologic maps, Geographic Information System (GIS) maps, or other map bases.

See also

 Earthquake engineering
 Geoprofessions
 Geotechnics
 Geotechnical engineering
 Geotechnical investigation
 Hydrogeology
 Important publications in engineering geology
 Mining engineering
 Petroleum engineering

References

Engineering geology
 Brock, 1923, The Education of a Geologist: Economic Geology, v. 18, pp. 595–597.
 Bates and Jackson, 1980, Glossary of Geology: American Geological Institute.
 González de Vallejo, L. and Ferrer, M., 2011. "Geological Engineering". CRC Press, 678 pp.
 Kiersh, 1991, The Heritage of Engineering Geology: The First Hundred Years: Geological Society of America; Centennial Special Volume 3
 Legget, Robert F., editor, 1982, Geology under cities:  Geological Society of America; Reviews in Engineering Geology, volume V, 131 pages; contains nine articles by separate authors for these cities:  Washington, DC; Boston; Chicago; Edmonton; Kansas City; New Orleans; New York City; Toronto; and Twin Cities, Minnesota.
 Legget, Robert F., and Karrow, Paul F., 1983, Handbook of geology in civil engineering:  McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1,340 pages, 50 chapters, five appendices, 771 illustrations.
 Price, David George, Engineering Geology: Principles and Practice, Springer, 2008
 Prof. D. Venkat Reddy, NIT-Karnataka, Engineering Geology, Vikas Publishers, 2010
 Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment

Geological modelling
 Wang H. F., Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology, Princeton Press, (2000).
 Waltham T., Foundations of Engineering Geology, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis, (2001).

Category:Geotechnical engineering


John Darley (politician)

John Andrew Darley (born 15 May 1937) is an Advance SA member of the South Australian Legislative Council and a former valuer-general.

Political career (2007–present)
Darley was appointed to the South Australian Legislative Council by a joint sitting of the Parliament of South Australia on 21 November 2007 to replace outgoing Independent No Pokies MLC Nick Xenophon who resigned to contest the Australian Senate at the 2007 federal election. Darley was the third of three candidates on the independent No Pokies upper house ticket at the 2006 state election.

Darley was re-elected at the 2014 state election as the first candidate on the independent Nick Xenophon ticket. In 2015, Nick Xenophon Group (NXG) changed its name to Nick Xenophon Team (NXT).

2018 South Australian election
Darley left the Nick Xenophon Team and became an independent on 17 August 2017 ahead of the 2018 state election. He said: "There are many things I could say as to why I have resigned. However, it is not my place to speak publicly about internal party matters". Though it was stated that there had been months of conflict between Darley and the party, it came to a head a week prior when Darley voted with the Labor government to back Legislative Council voting reforms. Xenophon indicated the resignation had averted Darley's imminent expulsion from the party due to "breaches to party rules". Nick Xenophon's SA-BEST therefore contested the 2018 election without state parliamentary representation.

On 15 September 2017, Darley announced that he would team up with another former Xenophon affiliate, retired lawyer Peter Humphries, to form another new party called Advance SA. Darley's term in the Legislative Council does not expire until 2022, and Humphries was the party's lead candidate for the 2018 election. Darley announced that Advance SA would not run candidates for the lower house, and would not direct preferences to SA-BEST or any other party.

References

External links
 Parliament Profile

Category:1937 births
Category:Living people
Category:Independent members of the Parliament of South Australia
Category:Members of the South Australian Legislative Council
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Nick Xenophon Team politicians
Category:Public servants of South Australia
Category:Valuation professionals
Category:21st-century Australian politicians


Red-toothed shrew

The red-toothed shrews of the subfamily Soricinae are one of three living subfamilies of shrews, along with Crocidurinae (white-toothed shrews) and Myosoricinae (African white-toothed shrews). In addition, the family contains the extinct subfamilies Limnoecinae, Crocidosoricinae, Allosoricinae and Heterosoricinae. These species are typically found in North America, northern South America, Europe and northern Asia. The enamel of the tips of their teeth is reddish due to iron pigment. The iron deposits serve to harden the enamel and are concentrated in those parts of the teeth most subject to wear.

The list of species is:

 Tribe Anourosoricini
 Genus Anourosorex (Asian mole shrews)
 Assam mole shrew, A. assamensis
 Giant mole shrew, A. schmidi
 Chinese mole shrew, A. squamipes
 Taiwanese mole shrew, A. yamashinai
 Tribe Blarinellini
 Genus Blarinella (Asiatic short-tailed shrews)
 Indochinese short-tailed shrew, B. griselda
 Asiatic short-tailed shrew, B. quadraticauda
 Burmese short-tailed shrew, B. wardi
 Tribe Blarinini
 Genus Blarina (American short-tailed shrews)
 Northern short-tailed shrew, B. brevicauda
 Southern short-tailed shrew, B. carolinensis
 Elliot's short-tailed shrew, B. hylophaga
 Everglades short-tailed shrew, B. peninsulae
 Genus Cryptotis (small-eared shrews)
 Cryptotis mexicana group
 Mexican small-eared shrew, C. mexicana
 Nelson's small-eared shrew, C. nelsoni
 Grizzled Mexican small-eared shrew, C. obscura
 Phillips's small-eared shrew, C. phillipsii
 Cryptotis goldmani set
 Central Mexican broad-clawed shrew, C. alticola
 Goldman's broad-clawed shrew, C. goldmani
 Goodwin's broad-clawed shrew, C. goodwini
 Guatemalan broad-clawed shrew, C. griseoventris
 C. lacertosus
 C. mam
 Oaxacan broad-clawed shrew, C. peregrina
 Cryptotis nigrescens group
 Eastern Cordillera small-footed shrew, C. brachyonyx
 Colombian small-eared shrew, C. colombiana
 Honduran small-eared shrew, C. hondurensis
 Yucatan small-eared shrew, C. mayensis
 Darién small-eared shrew, C. mera
 Merriam's small-eared shrew, C. merriami
 Blackish small-eared shrew, C. nigrescens
 Cryptotis thomasi group
 Ecuadoran small-eared shrew, C. equatoris
 Medellín small-eared shrew, C. medellinia
 Merida small-eared shrew, C. meridensis
 Wandering small-eared shrew, C. montivaga
 Peruvian small-eared shrew, C. peruviensis
 Scaly-footed small-eared shrew or Western Colombian small-eared shrew, C. squamipes
 Tamá small-eared shrew, C. tamensis
 Thomas's small-eared shrew, C. thomasi
 Cryptotis parva group
 Central American least shrew, C. orophila
 North American least shrew, C. parva
 Tropical small-eared shrew, C. tropicalis
 ungrouped/relict
 Enders's small-eared shrew, C. endersi
 Talamancan small-eared shrew, C. gracilis
 Big Mexican small-eared shrew, C. magna

 Tribe Nectogalini
 Genus Chimarrogale (Asiatic water shrews)
 Malayan water shrew, C. hantu
 Himalayan water shrew, C. himalayica
 Bornean water shrew, C. phaeura
 Japanese water shrew, C. platycephalus
 Chinese water shrew, C. styani
 Sumatran water shrew, C. sumatrana
 Genus Chodsigoa
 Van Sung's shrew, C. cauvansunga
Chodsigoa furva (Anthony, 1941)
Chodsigoa hoffmanni sp. nov. (Zhong-Zheng Chen et al., 2017)
 De Winton's shrew, C. hypsibia
 Lamulate shrew, C. lamula (Soriculus lamula)
 Lowe's shrew, C. parca
 Pygmy brown-toothed shrew, C. parva
 Salenski's shrew, C. salenskii
 Smith's shrew, C. smithii
 Lesser Taiwanese shrew, C. sodalis
 Genus Episoriculus
 Hodgsons's brown-toothed shrew, E. caudatus
 Taiwanese brown-toothed shrew, E. fumidus
 Long-tailed brown-toothed shrew, E. leucops
 Long-tailed mountain shrew, E. macrurus
 Genus Nectogale
 Elegant water shrew, N. elegans
 Genus Neomys (Eurasian water shrews)
 Mediterranean water shrew, N. anomalus
 Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens
 Transcaucasian water shrew, N. teres
 Genus †Nesiotites
 Balearic shrew, †N. hidalgo
 Sardinian shrew, †N. similis
 Corsican giant shrew,†N. corsicanus
 Genus Soriculus
 Himalayan shrew, S. nigrescens
 Tribe Notiosoricini
 Genus Megasorex
 Mexican shrew, M. gigas
 Genus Notiosorex
 Cockrum's gray shrew, N. cockrumi
 Crawford's gray shrew, N. crawfordi
 Large-eared gray shrew, N. evotis
 Villa's gray shrew, N. villai
 N. repenningi
 N. jacksoni
 N. harrisi
 N. dalquesti
 Tribe Soricini
 Genus Sorex (long-tailed shrews)
 Subgenus Otisorex
 Long-tailed shrew, Sorex dispar
 Smoky shrew, Sorex fumeus
 American pygmy shrew, Sorex hoyi
 Large-toothed shrew, Sorex macrodon
 Carmen Mountain shrew, Sorex milleri
 Dwarf shrew, Sorex nanus
 Mexican long-tailed shrew, Sorex oreopolus
 Orizaba long-tailed shrew, Sorex orizabae
 Ornate shrew, Sorex ornatus
 Inyo shrew, Sorex tenellus
 Verapaz shrew, Sorex veraepacis
 Sorex ixtlanensis (Carraway, 2007)
 Sorex vagrans complex
 Glacier Bay water shrew, Sorex alaskanus
 Baird's shrew, Sorex bairdii
 Marsh shrew, Sorex bendirii
 Montane shrew, Sorex monticolus
 New Mexico shrew, Sorex neomexicanus
 Pacific shrew, Sorex pacificus
 American water shrew, Sorex palustris
 Fog shrew, Sorex sonomae
 Vagrant shrew, Sorex vagrans
 Sorex cinereus group
 Kamchatka shrew, Sorex camtschatica
 Cinereus shrew, Sorex cinereus
 Prairie shrew, Sorex haydeni
 Saint Lawrence Island shrew, Sorex jacksoni
 Paramushir shrew, Sorex leucogaster
 Southeastern shrew, Sorex longirostris
 Mount Lyell shrew, Sorex lyelli
 Portenko's shrew, Sorex portenkoi
 Preble's shrew, Sorex preblei
 Pribilof Island shrew, Sorex pribilofensis
 Olympic shrew, Sorex rohweri
 Barren ground shrew, Sorex ugyunak
 Subgenus Sorex
 Dneper common shrew, Sorex averini
 Lesser striped shrew, Sorex bedfordiae
 Stripe-backed shrew, Sorex cylindricauda
 Chinese highland shrew, Sorex excelsus
 Azumi shrew, Sorex hosonoi
 Chinese shrew, Sorex sinalis
 Alaska tiny shrew, Sorex yukonicus
 Sorex alpinus group
 Alpine shrew, Sorex alpinus
 Ussuri shrew, Sorex mirabilis
 Sorex araneus group
 Valais shrew, Sorex antinorii
 Common shrew, Sorex araneus
 Udine shrew, Sorex arunchi
 Millet's shrew, Sorex coronatus
 Siberian large-toothed shrew, Sorex daphaenodon
 Iberian shrew, Sorex granarius
 Caucasian shrew, Sorex satunini
 Sorex arcticus group
 Arctic shrew, Sorex arcticus
 Maritime shrew, Sorex maritimensis
 Sorex tundrensis group
 Tien Shan shrew, Sorex asper
 Gansu shrew, Sorex cansulus
 Tundra shrew, Sorex tundrensis
 Sorex minutus group
 Buchara shrew, Sorex buchariensis
 Kozlov's shrew, Sorex kozlovi
 Caucasian pygmy shrew, Sorex volnuchini
 Sorex caecutiens group
 Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiens
 Taiga shrew, Sorex isodon
 Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimus
 Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus
 Flat-skulled shrew, Sorex roboratus
 Shinto shrew, Sorex shinto
 Long-clawed shrew, Sorex unguiculatus
 Sorex gracillimus group
 Slender shrew, Sorex gracillimus
 Sorex raddei group
 Radde's shrew, Sorex raddei
 Sorex samniticus group
 Apennine shrew, Sorex samniticus
 Subgenus incertae sedis
 Arizona shrew, Sorex arizonae
 Zacatecas shrew, Sorex emarginatus
 Merriam's shrew, Sorex merriami
 Kashmir pygmy shrew, Sorex planiceps
 Saussure's shrew, Sorex saussurei
 Sorex mediopua (Carraway, 2007)
 Sclater's shrew, Sorex sclateri
 San Cristobal shrew, Sorex stizodon
 Tibetan shrew, Sorex thibetanus
 Trowbridge's shrew, Sorex trowbridgii
 Chestnut-bellied shrew, Sorex ventralis
 Veracruz shrew, Sorex veraecrucis

References


Rajni Razdan

Rajni Razdan was an Indian Administrative Service Officer of 1973 batch of Haryana cadre. She assumed the prestigious post of Chairman of Union Public Service Commission of India. Ms. Razdan has been a UPSC member since 19 April 2010. Deepak Gupta was chosen as the new UPSC chairman in Nov. 2014 after the completion of tenure of Rajni Razdan.

References

Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:Indian Administrative Service officers
Category:Women in Haryana politics


Thomas Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester

Thomas le Despenser, 2nd Baron Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester KG (22 September 1373 – 13 January 1400) was the son of Edward le Despenser, 1st Baron le Despencer, whom he succeeded in 1375.

Royal intrigues

A supporter of Richard II against Thomas of Woodstock and the Lords Appellant, he was rewarded with an Earldom as Earl of Gloucester in 1397, by virtue of being descended from Gilbert de Clare, 7th earl of an earlier creation. He spent the years 1397-99 in Ireland, attempting with little success  to persuade the Gaelic chieftains to accept Richard II as their overlord.

However, he supported Henry Bolingbroke on his return to England to become King Henry IV, only to be attainted (deprived of his Earldom because of a capital crime) for his role in the death of Thomas of Woodstock.

He then took part in the Epiphany Rising, a rebellion led by a number of Barons aimed at restoring Richard to the throne by assassinating King Henry IV; this quickly failed when the conspirators were betrayed by Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York to Henry.  After fleeing to the western counties, a number of the Epiphany Rising conspirators were captured and killed by mobs of townspeople loyal to the king; Despenser was captured by a mob and beheaded at Bristol on 13 January 1400.

Marriage

Thomas le Despenser married Constance, daughter of Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York and Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York. They had issue:

 Elizabeth le Despenser (died young c. 1398)
 Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh (1396–1414)
 Edward le Despenser (b. bef. 1400), died young
 Hugh le Despenser (c. 1400–1401)
 Isabel le Despenser (1393–1439), she married first Richard Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester, she married second his cousin Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick

Ancestry and succession

References

 thePeerage.com
Otway-Ruthven, A.J. History  of Medieval Ireland  Barnes and Noble reprint New York 1993

Category:1373 births
Category:1400 deaths
Category:People executed under the Lancastrians
Category:Knights of the Garter
Category:Executed English people
Category:People executed under the Plantagenets by decapitation
Category:Le Despenser family
Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester


Marc Messier

Marc Messier, M.S.C. (born August 16, 1947) is a Canadian actor and filmmaker.

Background
Born in Granby, Quebec, Messier's 45-year acting career included the participation in several well-known films and television series.

After finishing his studies and developed his acting skills in college, he played in various theatrical shows across the province of Quebec plays including "Broue". It was in 1972, that he debuted his acting career in La Vie Rêvée and would make his first appearance in a television series in 1974 in Avec le temps.

Messier's most extensive role was in the two-decade old television series Lance et Compte in which he played the role of Marc Gagnon, an all-star hockey player for the fictional NHL team of the Quebec National, a copycat version of the defunct Quebec Nordiques (now Colorado Avalanche). After his retirement, Gagnon went on to coach the team during two separate; the first starting during the second season and again during the fourth season of the  called : Lance et Compte : Nouvelle generation. Messier played the role of Gagnon for the series six seasons from 1986 to the latest one in 2015 called Lance et Compte : La finale.

Messier also played the role of Bob in all four chapters of the popular Quebec film Les Boys, the story of a hockey team from a senior's league.

He also played roles in other important films such as Jesus of Montreal and Le Sphinx and television series such as Les Voisins, La Petite Vie, Omertà and Urgence.

In addition to playing a role in the film Le Sphinx which played in 1995, he also co-produced it with Les Boys producer Louis Saia. Messier played in several other movies that was produced by Saia during his lengthy career.

Selected filmography

Cinema

TV

Awards
Messier's most productive year was in 1988 in which he won two Gemini awards for best lead male role and best male supporting role for his participation in Lance et Compte and Les Voisins. His role in Les Boys also gave nominations for best male actor in the Jutras awards in 1999 and 2002.

Messier was awarded with the Meritorious Service Cross with the Canada Day honours list of 2017. The citation reads "Having earned a Guinness World Record in 2006 for the longest-running theatrical play with the same cast, Michel Côté, Marcel Gauthier and Marc Messier are undisputed ambassadors of Quebec theatre. With over 3 300 performances of Broue, a one-of-a-kind play reflecting Quebec popular culture, they have made us laugh and have introduced an entire generation to the wonderful world of theatre."

References

External links
 Biography of Marc Messier

Category:1947 births
Category:Living people
Category:Male actors from Quebec
Category:Canadian male film actors
Category:Canadian male television actors
Category:French Quebecers
Category:People from Granby, Quebec


Hide and Seek (1980 film)

Hide and Seek (, Machboim) is an Israeli drama film, directed by Dan Wolman and released in 1980. Billed as the first Israeli film ever to address themes of homosexuality, the film is set in Mandatory Palestine in 1946.

The film centers on Uri, a young boy who lives with his grandfather as his parents are involved in the resistance movement against the British occupation. He has a warm and friendly relationship with his tutor Balaban, but follows him one day and witnesses him having sex with an Arab man, leading to tragic consequences when he reports Balaban to the Haganah. The film's cast includes Gila Almagor, Benyamin Armon, Chaim Hadaya, Efrat Lavie, Rahel Shor and Doron Tavory.

References

External links

Category:1980 films
Category:Israeli films
Category:Israeli drama films
Category:Hebrew-language films
Category:Israeli LGBT-related films
Category:LGBT-related drama films
Category:1980s LGBT-related films


Desert lark

The desert lark (Ammomanes deserti) breeds in deserts and semi-deserts from Morocco to western India.  It has a very wide distribution and faces no obvious threats, and surveys have shown that it is slowly increasing in numbers as it expands its range. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".

Taxonomy and systematics
Originally, the desert lark was classified as belonging to the genus Alauda until moved to Ammomanes. Alternate names include desert finch lark and sand lark.

Subspecies
Twenty-two subspecies are recognized:
 Southern Moroccan desert lark (A. d. payni) - Hartert, 1924: Found in southern Morocco and south-western Algeria
 Algerian desert lark or North Algerian desert lark (A. d. algeriensis) - Sharpe, 1890: Originally described as a separate species. Found in northern Algeria, Tunisia, north-western Libya and north-western Chad
 South Algerian desert lark (A. d. whitakeri) - Hartert, 1911: Found in south-eastern Algeria and south-western Libya
 Central Algerian desert lark or Saharan desert lark (A. d. mya) - Hartert, 1912: Found in central Algeria
 Damergu desert lark (A. d. geyri) - Hartert, 1924: Found in Mauritania to southern Algeria and north-western Niger
 A. d. kollmannspergeri - Niethammer, 1955: Found in north-eastern Chad and western Sudan
 Red Sea desert lark (A. d. deserti) - (Lichtenstein, 1823): Found from eastern Egypt to northern Sudan
 Khartoum desert lark (A. d. erythrochroa) - Reichenow, 1904: Found from western Chad to central Sudan
 Middle East desert lark or Sinai desert lark (A. d. isabellina) - (Temminck, 1823): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Alauda. Found from northern Egypt to southern Turkey, Syria, central Arabia, northern and south-western Iraq
 Eritrea desert lark (A. d. samharensis) - Shelley, 1902: Originally described as a separate species. Found in north-eastern Sudan, Eritrea and southern Arabia
 A. d. taimuri - Meyer de Schauensee & Ripley, 1953: Found in northern Oman and UAE
 Danakil desert lark (A. d. assabensis) - Salvadori, 1902: Originally described as a separate species. Found in southern Eritrea, Ethiopia and north-western Somalia
 Somali desert lark (A. d. akeleyi) - Elliot, DG, 1897: Originally described as a separate species. Found in northern Somalia
 A. d. azizi - Ticehurst & Cheesman, 1924: Found in east-central Arabia
 A. d. saturata - Ogilvie-Grant, 1900: Originally described as a separate species. Found in southern Arabia
 A. d. insularis - Ripley, 1951: Found in Bahrain
 Jordanian desert lark (A. d. annae) - Meinertzhagen, R, 1923: Found in Jordan and southern Syria
 Eastern Iraqi desert lark (A. d. cheesmani) - Meinertzhagen, R, 1923: Found in eastern Iraq and western Iran
 A. d. parvirostris - Hartert, 1890: Found in north-eastern Iran and western Turkmenistan
 A. d. orientalis - Zarudny & Loudon, 1904: Found in north-eastern Iran, northern  Afghanistan, southern Turkmenistan, southern Uzbekistan and southern Tajikistan
 A. d. iranica - Zarudny, 1911: Found in central, southern, eastern Iran to southern Afghanistan and western Pakistan
 Indian desert finch-lark or Indian desert lark (A. d. phoenicuroides) - (Blyth, 1853): Originally described as a separate species in genus Mirafra. Found in south-eastern Afghanistan, eastern Pakistan and north-western India

Description
The desert lark is a medium-sized, big-headed and long-billed lark, growing to a length of . The sexes are alike, but there is considerable geographical variation. It has a rather dull plumage which can vary from quite pale to rather dark. Plumage may vary between subspecies but individuals within populations can be variable too. It is similar in appearance to the bar-tailed lark but is slightly larger, has a less-domed head, a larger broader beak, stouter legs and a longer tail. The upper parts of the many subspecies vary in colour; most are pale greyish brown, but some races are very washed out and others are quite a deep colour. Some have some rufous colour on wings and tail, similar to the bar-tailed lark, but the underparts are a pale pinkish grey and have much more streaking than that species, and the desert lark lacks the clearly defined terminal black band on the tail of that species, although it may have a rather diffuse dark patch. The colour variation seems to mainly match the habitat, so sandy-coloured birds are commoner in sandy areas, greyer birds in rocky areas and the darkest birds in desert dominated by basalt.

The song is a mournful choo-wee-chacha wooee, uttered from the ground or a boulder, or during undulating flight. It is more mellow and less squeaky than that of the bar-tailed lark. When flushed it utters a short churree or chee-lu.

Distribution and habitat
The desert lark is found from Mauritania, Western Sahara and southern Morocco in the west east through northern Africa south to Chad and Somalia through south west Asia to western India.

It is resident (non-migratory) apart from local movements in arid stony areas, and avoids flat sand and will always be found in broken terrain with a vertical element to it

Behaviour and ecology
The desert lark is not very sociable and does not form large flocks, being mainly encountered in small groups or as single birds. They are territorial when breeding, nesting on the ground under the shelter of a tussock or stone in a shallow scrape lined with plant material and having a rim of pebbles, which may surround the nest or be on the more exposed side of the nest.  The clutch is 1-5 eggs and these are laid at different times in various parts of its range, e.g. January–February in the south and March–April in the north. The desert lark eats seeds and insects, the latter especially in the breeding season.

References

desert lark
Category:Birds of North Africa
Category:Birds of the Middle East
Category:Birds of Pakistan
desert lark


SMC

SMC may refer to:

Organisations
 San Miguel Corporation, a Philippine conglomerate
 Samsung Medical Center, a hospital in South Korea
 Salmaniya Medical Complex, a hospital in Bahrain
 SMC Corporation, a Japanese industrial automation company
 Social Marketing Company, a Bangladeshi non-profit organisation
 Suzuki Motor Corporation, a Japanese multinational corporation
 Swathanthra Malayalam Computing, a software collective in India
 Scottish Mountaineering Club
 Sufi Muslim Council, UK

Education
 St. Michael's College, Iligan City, Philippines
 Santa Monica College, California, US
 Sargodha Medical College, Punjab, Pakistan
 Senior Military College, any of six US colleges that offer ROTC programs
 Southwestern Michigan College, US
 Spartanburg Methodist College, South Carolina, US
 Stanley Medical College, Chennai, India
 Stewart's Melville College, Edinburgh, Scotland
 Swiss Management Center, a university in Switzerland

Government and politics
 Science Media Centre, UK press office
 Space and Missile Systems Center, the research and development command of the United States Space Force
 Surat Municipal Corporation, Gujarat, India
 Supreme Military Council (Ghana), ruling Ghana from 1975–1979
 Modern Centre Party (Stranka modernega centra), a Slovenian political party

Arts and entertainment

Music
 Seattle Men's Chorus, Washington, US
 SMC Recordings, San Francisco, California, US
 Seagle Music Colony, Schroon Lake, New York, US; See List of North American opera companies

Television
 Shaw Multicultural Channel, a cable television channel in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
 Southern Media Corporation, a Cantonese television network in Guangdong, China

Other entertainment
 Secret Maryo Chronicles, a video game

Science and technology
 Sheet moulding compound or sheet moulding composite, a reinforced polyester material
 Small Magellanic Cloud, a galaxy near the Milky Way
 SMC protein (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes)
Supplementary motor cortex, a part of the sensorimotor cortex
Smooth muscle cell, a cell of involuntary non-striated muscle

Computing and electronics
 Sound and music computing
 Apple SMC, a video codec
 Secure multi-party computation, a cryptography problem
 Sequential Monte Carlo method, a set of algorithms
 Sliding mode control, in control theory
 SMC connector, used in radio-frequency circuits
 Surface-mount component, in electronics
.smc, a format used for Super Nintendo Entertainment System ROM images
 System Management Controller, on Apple computers
 DO-214AB, a variant of DO-214 semiconductor package

Other uses
Single-member constituency
Speak Mandarin Campaign, Singapore
Senior Mathematical Challenge, for students run by the United Kingdom Mathematics Trust


Paragastrioceratinae

Paragastrioceratinae is one of two subfamilies of the Paragastrioceratidae family. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.

References

 The Paleobiology Database accessed on 10/01/07

Category:Paragastrioceratidae
Category:Prehistoric animal subfamilies


Emil Caras

Emil Caras (born 21 December 1967) is a Moldovan professional football coach and a former player. He made his professional debut in the Soviet Second League in 1985 for FC Zarya Bălţi.

For the last several years, he is currently working as a part of Dan Petrescu's technical team as an assistant manager.

He is a nephew of Moldova national football team coach Ion Caras.

Honours

As player
Zimbru Chișinău
 Moldovan National Division (1): 1996.
Runner-up (2): 1995, 1997.

References

Category:1967 births
Category:Sportspeople from Chișinău
Category:Living people
Category:Soviet footballers
Category:Moldovan footballers
Category:Moldova international footballers
Category:Russian Premier League players
Category:Moldovan National Division players
Category:FC Zimbru Chișinău players
Category:FC Tyumen players
Category:FC Tiraspol players
Category:Moldovan football managers
Category:FC Dacia Chișinău managers
Category:FC Tiraspol managers
Category:FC Zaria Bălți players
Category:FC Zaria Bălți managers
Category:Association football defenders


Afeaki

Afeaki is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ben Afeaki (born 1988), New Zealand rugby union player
Inoke Afeaki (born 1973), Tongan rugby union player
Stanley Afeaki (born 1978), New Zealand-born Tongan rugby union player

See also
Emeline Afeaki-Mafile'o, New Zealand activist

Category:Tongan-language surnames


2,4-Dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one-glucoside dioxygenase

2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one-glucoside dioxygenase (, BX6 (gene), DIBOA-Glc dioxygenase) is an enzyme with systematic name (2R)-4-hydroxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside:oxygen oxidoreductase (7-hydroxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

 (2R)-4-hydroxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside + 2-oxoglutarate + O2  (2R)-4,7-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside + succinate + CO2 + H2O

The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of protective and allelopathic benzoxazinoids in some plants.

References

External links

Category:EC 1.14.20


Academia Española de la Radio

The Spanish Academy of Radio Arts and Sciences is an institution which aims to promote radio in Spain and represents the interests of radio professionals as well as providing training to existing and future radio professionals.

The academy promoted the establishment of the World Radio Day by UNESCO. Its chairman, Jorge Álvarez, asked UNESCO, in 2008, for this international day of celebration for all broadcasters and radio listeners around the world. Finally, on November 3, 2011, the 36th Conference General of UNESCO unanimously approved the Spanish proposal and designated February 13 as World Radio Day

References

External links
 Official website
 UN Radio has won a well deserved “International Academy Award 2014"
 Message for World Radio Day from the President of the Spanish Radio Academy

Category:Schools in Spain


Mexico at the 1980 Summer Paralympics

Mexico sent a delegation to compete at the 1980 Summer Paralympics in Arnhem, Netherlands. Its athletes finished ninth in the overall medal count.

See also
 1980 Summer Paralympics
 Mexico at the 1980 Summer Olympics

References

Category:Nations at the 1980 Summer Paralympics
1980
Summer Paralympics


Eocaecilia

Eocaecilia is an extinct genus of gymnophionan amphibian from the early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona, United States. One species is described, Eocaecilia micropodia.

Eocaecilia shared some characteristics with salamanders and the now extinct microsaur amphibians. It was of small size, about 15 cm in length. Unlike modern caecilians, which are legless, Eocaecilia possessed small legs, and while modern caecilians have poorly developed eyes and spend a lot of time under ground, Eocaecilia'''s eyes were somewhat better developed. Although the precise ancestry of Eocaecilia'' is debated (and other caecilians by extension), it likely resided among the ancestral lepospondyl or temnospondyl amphibians of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic.

References

External links
Eocaecilia at Palaeos.com.

Category:Gymnophiona
Category:Jurassic amphibians of North America
Category:Early Jurassic animals of North America
Category:Prehistoric amphibian genera
Category:Jurassic Arizona
Category:Transitional fossils
Category:Fossil taxa described in 1993
Category:Early Jurassic amphibians


Scouting in Washington (state)

Scouting in Washington has a long history, from the 1910s to the present day, serving thousands of youth in programs that suit the environment in which they live.

Early history (1910–1950)
Camp Black Mountain, located on the beautiful shores of Silver Lake an hour drive east of Bellingham, is the oldest existing camp in Washington State. Interviews with Hugh Eldridge Carr and General Floyd Hansen, Bellingham Eagle Scouts from the early 1920s, indicate the camp was active prior to 1919.  The land was used by permission of owner H. P. Jukes (the council treasurer) prior to transferring ownership to the BSA in 1927.  It was originally used by the Bellingham Council as Camp H. P. Jukes and has been in continuous use since that time with the exception of two seasons during WWII (1943 and 1944). Upon first use the camp was used for troop and district events, but became a fully organized resort in 1925. During the 1920s, the camp was supported by the Order of the Blue Knot, an honor camper's society that later became Quilshan Lodge, Order of the Arrow. Programs from the 1925 and 1926 seasons provide insight into early camp activities and vintage photographs of this cherished property.

In 1910, a Spokane, Washington Boy Scout leader, the Reverend David Ferry, created a troop under the name of Girl Guides of America. The Girl Guides did not expand much beyond the local area. In 1911, the Girl Scouts of America (Des Moines, Iowa and to be confused with the current Girl Scouts of the USA) and the Girl Guides planned to merge with the Camp Fire Girls to form the Girl Pioneers of America, but relationships fractured and the merger failed.

Founded in 1919, Camp Parsons is the oldest continuous running Boy Scout camp west of the Mississippi River and one of the oldest continually running Boy Scout camp in the United States on its original location.  It sits on Jackson Cove, part of the Hood Canal, on the Olympic Peninsula, just north of Brinnon, Washington, and just south of Quilcene, Washington.  The original land for the camp was donated by Reginald Parsons in 1918.  Thousands of Scouts come to Camp Parsons every summer.

Recent history (1950–present)
Camp Sheppard is a camp outside of Enumclaw, Washington. Sheppard does not run a resident Scout camping program, but does run several other Scout programs including a Winter Camp program for Cub Scouts and Scouts BSA. Since 2011, Sheppard has been the location for the Council's National Youth Leadership Training, usually holding two or more sessions every year in the summer.

Until 2009, Camp Sheppard was a High Adventure base, where it offered programs in mountaineering, mountain biking, and backpacking.

Until 2014, it hosted the "Mom & Me/Dad & Me" Cub Scout camping programs, after which they were moved to Camp Edward.

The camp also does winter camping during the first two months of the year.

http://www.seattlebsa.org/camp-sheppard/46-cap-sheppard-cat/71-camp-sheppard

Boy Scouts of America in Washington today
There are seven Boy Scouts of America (BSA) local councils in Washington.

Blue Mountain Council
With headquarters in Kennewick, Washington, the Blue Mountain Council serves Scouts in Washington and Oregon.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project has created a link to all known websites (districts, troops, packs, Venturing crews, O.A. lodge and chapter, etc. websites) located within the Blue Mountain Council which can be found at Scout Site Search.

Districts
Columbia River District serves Kennewick and Finley, Washington
Eastern Oregon District serves Baker, Wallowa, Union, Grant, and Wheeler counties, Oregon
Oregon Trail District serves Umatilla, Wheeler, Gilliam, and Morrow counties, Oregon
Pioneer District serves Walla Walla and Columbia Counties, Washington
Rattlesnake Ridge District serves Richland, West Richland, and Benton City, Washington
White Bluffs District serves Franklin County, Washington

Council camps
The Council does not operate a summer camp.
Camp Wallowa in Joseph, Oregon
Martin Scout Camp near Pendleton and Pilot Rock, Oregon

The U.S. Scouting Service Project also maintains the ScoutCamp.org website which provides general information and a place for leader comments on the two camps operated by the Blue Mountain Council at Martin Scout Camp and Camp Wallowa

Order of the Arrow lodge
Wa-La-Moot-Kin Order of the Arrow Lodge

Cascade Pacific Council

Cascade Pacific Council serves Scouts in Oregon and Washington.

Chief Seattle Council

The Chief Seattle Council serves the main parts of Puget Sound and Seattle areas including the Olympic Peninsula.

Camps
The council operates four camps:
 Camp Edward
 Camp Parsons
 Camp Pigott
 Camp Sheppard

Order of the Arrow lodge
T'kope KwisKwis

Grand Columbia Council

Located in central Washington and based in Yakima, the Grand Columbia Council serves the Chelan, Douglas, Grant, Kittitas, Okanogan, Yakima and portions of Adams, Benton, Ferry and Klickitat Counties. The Grand Columbia Council maintains two service centers in Yakima and Wenatchee.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project has created a link to all known websites (districts, troops, packs, Venturing crews, O.A. lodge and chapter, etc. websites) located within the Grand Columbia Council which can be found at Scout Site Search.

Camps
The council operates four camps:

 Camp Fife off of Highway 410 near Bumping Lake
 Camp Bonaparte between Tonasket and Republic on Highway 20
 Camp Scout-A-Vista outside Wenatchee, and

Districts
Apple Valley District – Wenatchee area
Chief Kamiakin District  – Prosser, Sunnyside, Zillah and Toppenish area
Columbia Basin District  – Quincy, Ephrata, Moses Lake, Coulee City area
Okanogan Valley District  – Okanagon Valley area
Saddle Mountain District  – Ritzville, Othello and Mattawa area
Skookum District  – Kittitas County and Yakima area

Order of the Arrow lodge
Tataliya Lodge 614

Inland Northwest Council
With headquarters in Spokane the Inland Northwest Council serves Scouts in Washington and Idaho.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project has created a link to all known websites (districts, troops, packs, Venturing crews, O.A. lodge and chapter, etc. websites) located within the Inland Northwest Council which can be found at Scout Site Search.

Order of the Arrow lodge
Es-Kaielgu Order of the Arrow Lodge serves the council.  An unofficial Facebook page  provides electronic communication for the lodge as well as a monthly newsletter.

Districts
Thunderbird District- North Spokane County
Chinook District- South Spokane County and Lincoln County
Old Missions District- Kootenai County
David Thompson District- Pend Oreille in Washington; Bonner and Boundary Counties in Idaho
Grizzly District- Spokane Valley
Stevens District- Stevens County
Chief Kamiakin District- Latah and Whitman Counties
Lewis-Clark Trails District- Asotin, Garfield, Nez Perce, Clearwater, and Idaho Counties

The Inland Northwest Council provides the communities and volunteers with three council service centers.  Each council service center has a Scout Shop and staff to answer questions, provide training and resources, and is able to take registrations for summer camp or events.  Besides the headquarters office in Spokane there are service centers in Hayden Lake, ID and Clarkston, WA.

In 2009, the council sponsored a statue in Spokane. Titled Footsteps To The Future, it honors community mentors.

Council Camps
Camp Easton in Harrison, Idaho
Camp Grizzly in Harvard, Idaho
Cowles Scout Reservation in Newport, Washington
North Idaho High Adventure Base in Harrison, Idaho
The U.S. Scouting Service Project also maintains the ScoutCamp.org website which provides general information and a place for leader comments on all of the camps operated by the Inland Northwest Council: North Idaho High Adventure Base, Camp Grizzly, Camp Easton, Camp Cowles Scout Reservation.

Mount Baker Council
The Mount Baker Council of the BSA serves Scouts in the Snohomish, Skagit, Whatcom, Island and San Juan counties of Washington.  The council operates Fire Mountain Scout camp.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project has created a link to all known websites (districts, troops, packs, Venturing crews, O.A. lodge and chapter, etc. websites) located within the Mt. Baker Council which can be found at Scout Site Search.

Order of the Arrow lodge
The council's Order of the Arrow Lodge is #338 Sikhs Mox Lamonti which was created in 1995 through the merger of Kelcema Lodge #305 and Quilshan #325.  Sikhs Mox Lamonti translates to "Friends of two mountains", which is a reference to the Mount Baker Council's camps Black Mountain and Fire Mountain.

Districts
The Council is made of the following districts :
Pilchuck District Cathcart, Clearview, Echo Lake, Gold Bar, Index, Lake Stevens, Maltby, Monroe, Skykomish, Snohomish, Sultan, Arlington, Camano Island, Darrington, Granite Falls, Lakewood, Marysville, and Stanwood
Salish Sea District Everett and Mukilteo School Distract, Lynnwood and Southwest Snohomish County
North Cascade District Serves Skagit County, Whatcom County, the islands of Whidbey, Fidalgo, and the San Juans

Council Camps
Fire Mountain Scout Reservation in Mt. Vernon, Washington
Camp Black Mountain in Maple Falls, Washington was sold in 2015 and no longer operates as a Council Camp.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project also maintains the ScoutCamp.org website which provides general information and a place for leader comments on all of the camps operated by the Mt. Baker Council: Fire Mountain Scout Reservation.

Pacific Harbors Council
The Pacific Harbors Council of serves the scouts in the Pierce, King, Mason, Thurston, Pacific  and Grays Harbor Counties of Washington State. The council operates one Scout camp: Camp Thunderbird. In 1994 the Mount Rainier Council, Tumwater Area Council, and Twin Harbors Council merged to form the Pacific Harbors Council. The council operates two service centers. The main office is located in Tacoma, Washington and the other is located in Tumwater, Washington.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project has created a link to all known websites (districts, troops, packs, Venturing crews, O.A. lodge and chapter, etc. websites) located within the Pacific Harbors Council which can be found at Scout Site Search.

Order of the Arrow lodge
Nisqually Lodge Order of the Arrow serves the council.

Districts
1994 - 2004 (9 Districts)
Narrows View - North Tacoma, Gig Harbor and Key Center.
Wapato - South Tacoma, Fircrest and University Place.
Nopi Soki - Fife, Federal Way and North Tacoma.
Lakes - Lakewood, Steilacoom, Dupont, Fort Lewis and McChord AFB.
Valley Mt. - Puyallup, Edgewood, Sumner, Orting, Buckley, Enumclaw & Black Diamond.
Mountain - Parkland, Spanaway, Graham, Yelm, Roy, McKenna, and Eatonville.
Twin Harbors - All of Grays Harbor and Pacific counties including Aberdeen, Hoquiam, Raymond, South Bend, Long Beach, Westport, Ocean Shores & Elma.
Black Hills - Olympia, Lacey, Tumwater, Shelton, Tenino and Rainier.
Evergreen - Chehalis, Centralia, Morton, Rochester and all of Lewis County.

2005 - 2009 (3 Districts)
Thunderbird - Tacoma, Gig Harbor, Lakewood, Federal Way, Dupont, University Place, Fircrest, Ft. Lewis, McChord AFB, Auburn, Des Moines, Fife, and Milton.
Sasquatch - Thurston County, Mason County, Lewis County, Grays Harbor County, Pacific County, and McKenna.
Sleeping Giant - Parkland, Spanaway, Eatonville, Roy, Puyallup, Edgewood, Orting, Sumner, Bonney Lake, Lake Tapps, Buckley, Wilkeson, Carbonado, Enumclaw and Black Diamond.

July 2009 - December 31, 2018 (6 Districts)
Capital Area - Griffin, North Thurston, Olympia, Rainier, Shelton, Southside Tenino, Tumwater, Yelm, Lacey LDS Stake, and Olympia LDS Stake
Coastal Waters - Aberdeen, Elma, Hood Canal, Hoquiam, Lake Quinault, McCleary, Montesano, Mary Knight, Naselle-Grays, North Beach, North River, Oakville, Ocean Beach, Ocosta, Pioneer, Raymond, Satsop, South Bend, Taholah, Willapa Valley, Wishkah, and Elma LDS Stake
Glacier View - Lakewood, Bethel, Clover Park, Eatonville, Franklin Pierce, Steilacoom, Joint Base Lewis-McChord,  Graham LDS Stake, and Lakewood LDS Stake
Mt. Tahoma - Carbonado, Dieringer, Enumclaw, Orting, Puyallup, Sumner, White River, Puyallup LDS Stake,  and Puyallup South Hill LDS Stake
Puget Sound - Tacoma, Gig Harbor, University Place, Fircrest, Tacoma North LDS Stake, Tacoma South LDS Stake, and Gig Harbor LDS Stake
Timberline - Adna, Boistfort, Centralia, Chehalis, Evaline, Morton, Mossyrock, Napavine, Onalaska, Packwood, Pe Ell, Randle, Rochester, Toledo, Vader, White Pass, Winlock, and Centralia LDS Stake
Lexas (LEXAS District covers the entire council and all districts with Learning for Life, Exploring, Scout-reach, and Outdoor Education)

2011 - December 31, 2018 (7 Districts)
Hylebos - Federal Way, part of Auburn, Fife, Milton, Northeast Tacoma, and Federal Way LDS Stake (Split off of Puget Sound District bringing the total number of districts up to 7)

January 1, 2019 – Present (2 Districts)
2 Districts. District names have not yet been decided on as of February 2019.

Council Camps
Camp Thunderbird in Olympia, Washington
Camp Delezenne in Elma, Washington no longer operates as a Council Camp was decommissioned 2016. Currently the camp is in a waiting period for being returned to Weyerhaeuser.
Camp Hahobas in Tahuya, Washington no longer operates as a Council Camp since 2016. Currently being sold by the Pacific Harbors Council.
Camp Kilworth in Federal Way, Washington no longer operates as a Council Camp since 2016. Pacific Harbors Council's board voted 10/18/16 to give the Camp back to the Kilworth Foundation.  The Vote was 14 to 2 with John Ohlson & Morris Clark being the only "NO" votes.
Camp Curran no longer operates as a Council Camp since 2016.

The U.S. Scouting Service Project also maintains the ScoutCamp.org website which provides general information and a place for leader comments on all of the camps operated by the Pacific Harbors Council: Camp Thunderbird.

Girl Scouting in Washington

There are three Girl Scout councils serving Washington.

Girl Scouts of Western Washington

This council was formed by the merger of Pacific Peaks and Totem Councils on October 1, 2007.  Administrative offices are located in Seattle, Washington.   The new council serves over 26,000 girls.

Mission: To build girls of courage, confidence, and character, who make the world a better place.

Website: http://www.GirlScoutsWW.org

Regional Offices:
DuPont Girl Scout Center, serving South Puget Sound, in DuPont, Washington
Snohomish County Regional Office in Marysville, Washington
East King County Regional Office in Bellevue, Washington
Peninsula Regional Office in Bremerton, Washington
Greater Seattle Regional Office in Seattle, Washington
Southern Counties Regional Office in Longview, Washington
South King County Regional Office in Renton, Washington

Information about each Regional Office may be found at http://www.GirlScoutsWW.org/aboutus/locations.

Camps:
Girl Scout Camp Evergreen is  near Longview, Washington
Girl Scout Camp Klahanee is  near Hoquiam, Washington
Girl Scout Camp Lyle McLeod is  near Belfair, Washington
Girl Scout Camp River Ranch is 430 forested acres in Carnation, Washington including Lake Langlois and is by the Tolt River
Girl Scout Camp Robbinswold is  on the Hood Canal near Lilliwaup, Washington
Girl Scout Camp St. Albans is  near Belfair, Washington

Information about all Girl Scout Camps in Western Washington can be found at http://www.GirlScoutsWW.org/aboutus/camp_properties.

Girl Scouts of Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho

This is a new council formed May 1, 2007 by the merger of Inland Empire and Mid-Columbia councils.
It serves more than 8,000 girls in eastern Washington, northern Idaho, and 3 counties in northern Oregon.

Headquarters: Spokane, Washington
Website: http://www.gsewni.org/

Service Centers:
Sandpoint, Idaho
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
Lewiston, Idaho
Tri-Cities, Washington
Yakima, Washington

Camps:
Camp 4 Echos is  on Lake Coeur d'Alene in Idaho.

Girl Scouts of Oregon and Southwest Washington

This council was established on October 1, 2008 and serves girls in Clark and Skamania Counties.  See Scouting in Oregon for more information.

Headquarters: Portland, Oregon
Website: http://www.girlscoutsosw.org

See also

Scouting in British Columbia
Scouting in Oregon
Scouting in Idaho

References

External links

Mount Baker Council
Chief Seattle Council
Grand Columbia Council
Blue Mountain Council
Fire Mountain Scout Camp
Camp Parsons
Camp Sheppard

Category:Youth organizations based in Washington (state)
Washington
Category:Western Region (Boy Scouts of America)


Mohrenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn)

Mohrenstraße is an underground railway station in the German capital city of Berlin. It is part of the Berlin U-Bahn and is located on the  line in the district of Mitte.

Overview
The original station designed by Alfred Grenander opened on 1 October 1908 on the new branch from Potsdamer Platz to Spittelmarkt. It was then called Kaiserhof after a nearby grand hotel on the Wilhelmplatz square. It was rebuilt in the course of the 1936 Summer Olympics and severely damaged in World War II on 3 February 1945.

When East Berlin fell under communist administration after the Second World War, the Wilhelmplatz square as well as the station were renamed on 18 August 1950 to Thälmannplatz, after the communist leader Ernst Thälmann.

With the erection of the Berlin Wall from 13 August 1961, the line ceased to run between East and West Berlin and the station became the terminus of the line in East Berlin.  Because the square was overbuilt by a housing estate and the Czechoslovakian Embassy, on 15 April 1986 the station was renamed Otto-Grotewohl-Straße, the name of the Wilhelmstraße at that time, after the politician Otto Grotewohl.

On 3 October 1991, following German reunification, the station was renamed Mohrenstraße. The line was reconnected on 13 November 1993 and simultaneously reconfigured, forming a new U2 line between Vinetastraße in the east and Ruhleben in the west.

There was a longstanding belief that the red limestone used in the 1950 redesign of the station consisted of re-used claddings from the interior of Adolf Hitler's Reich Chancellery, which had been standing close to the station.  According to the East Berlin newspapers Neues Deutschland and Berliner Zeitung from 19 August 1950, however, the marble for the newly renovated station was delivered directly from quarries in Thuringia. In more recent times, petrographic research confirmed this origin of the material.

References

External links

Category:Berlin U-Bahn stations
Category:Buildings and structures in Mitte
Category:Railway stations opened in 1908
Category:1908 establishments in Germany


Athletics at the 2011 Summer Universiade – Men's 110 metres hurdles

The men's 110 metres hurdles event at the 2011 Summer Universiade was held on 19–20 August.

Medalists

Results

Heats
Qualification: First 4 of each heat (Q) and the next 4 fastest (q) qualified for the semifinals.

Wind:Heat 1: +0.2 m/s, Heat 2: 0.0 m/s, Heat 3: -1.4 m/s, Heat 4: +0.6 m/s, Heat 5: -1.8 m/s

Semifinals
Qualification: First 2 of each semifinal (Q) and the next 2 fastest (q) qualified for the final.

Wind:Heat 1: -0.7 m/s, Heat 2: +0.2 m/s, Heat 3: -1.0 m/s

Final
Wind: -0.3 m/s

References
Heats results
Semifinals results
Final results

Hurdles


En Su Intimidad

En Su Intimidad is the tenth (10th) studio album by Puerto Rican singer Yolandita Monge. It was released in 1978 on LP, 8-Track and Cassette format and was her last studio album under the now defunct label Coco Records. Two years later, she was signed by the international label CBS Records, now Sony Music.

The album is available as a digital download at iTunes and Amazon, as well as several hits songs also appear in various compilations of the singer available on such media platforms.

Track listing

Credits and personnel

Vocals: Yolandita Monge
Producer: Enrique Méndez
Arrangements: Osvaldo Requena
Sound Engineering: Jorge Beren
Mastering: José Rodríguez
Photography: Joche Dávila
Album Design: Jorge Vargas

Notes

Track listing and credits from album cover.
Re-released digitally by Musical Productions on Nov 3, 2008.

References

Category:Yolandita Monge albums
Category:1978 albums


Sophronica aeneipennis

Sophronica aeneipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1963.

References

Category:Sophronica
Category:Beetles described in 1963


Betsy Gray

Betsy Gray (died 1798), was an Irish Ulster-Scots Presbyterian peasant girl from outside Gransha, Bangor in County Down, Ireland who was killed due to the 1798 Rebellion of the United Irishmen. She is the subject of many folk ballads and poems written since her time down to the present day.

She fought in the Battle of Ballynahinch against the Yeomanry, and was killed in retreat along with her brother and lover, having her right hand cut off before being decapitated.
Young David Maguire,(aka. Davy Mags) also from the Ballynahinch area, runs a fan club in her honour to this very day.

She is a folk hero to both loyalists and republicans in Ulster, as typified by the centenary celebrations in 1898 where locals broke a monument to her sooner than let Nationalists, who travelled from Belfast, have a ceremony in her honour.

Betsy Gray's story still excites interest to the present day because the Enlightenment inspired United Irish movement is a pivotal episode, perhaps the pivotal,  in the history of Ireland. It immediately resonates with the instincts of the common person for a better world. Betsy Gray acted so heroically for a reason.
The United Irish movement at its best was resolutely non-sectarian and blind to religious affiliation. More than that it in many ways actively championed opposition to religious obscurantism per se, in tune with the radical Enlightenment.

Betsy Gray in fiction
Betsy was featured in a novel which was semi-historical by Wesley Greenhill Lyttle, owner of a local newspaper The North Down Herald, and in a historic novel called The Star Man by Conor O'Clery, published in 2016 by Somerville Press.

References

https://web.archive.org/web/20061126130712/http://www.ulsterscotsagency.com/pressreleaseApril2905.asp
https://web.archive.org/web/20071118202229/http://www.slbc.ie/history/betsy-grey.htm
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0898389127...
https://web.archive.org/web/20080623085143/http://www.ulsterscotsagency.com/betsygray.asp

Category:18th-century Irish women
Category:People from County Antrim
Category:People of the Irish Rebellion of 1798
Category:1798 deaths
Category:18th-century Irish people
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:United Irishmen
Category:Women in European warfare
Category:Women in 18th-century warfare


Saint-Broing-les-Moines

Saint-Broing-les-Moines  is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Côte-d'Or department

References
INSEE

Category:Communes of Côte-d'Or


Yongjugol

Yong Ju Gol (also spelled Yongjugol, Yongju-gol, and Yongju-Gol) is a red-light district in Paju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Yong Ju Gol began as a village that came into being during the Korean War to service members of the United States Army stationed at a nearby military camp whose spending was the sole source of revenue for the village. The military camp, Camp Ross, was just south of Yong Ju Gol and separated the village from Seoul. Once the post-war repatriation of prisoners concluded and until 1955, the 24th Military Police Company (seemingly the divisional MP company of the 24th Infantry Division) worked with other United Nations Command military police in Yong Ju Gol to keep law and order in the area. In 1966, a museum dedicated to the 2nd Infantry Division was opened near Yong Ju Gol, having been relocated there from Fort Benning, Georgia, but the museum was moved to Camp Casey five years later. In 1980, American soldier Freddie Grant attacked another American soldier with a straight razor outside a Yong Ju Gol nightclub and was subsequently imprisoned in the United States Disciplinary Barracks. Although it is illegal to engage in prostitution in South Korea, women continue to engage in sex work in Yong Ju Gol through massage parlors, karaoke bars, and kissing rooms. In 2006, South Korea's Minister of Gender Equality and Family, Jang Ha-jin, called Yong Ju Gol "the heart of prostitution" in Korea. A popular manhwa called Yongjugol Blues glamorizes the prostitution in the area.

References

Category:Red-light districts in South Korea
Category:Paju
Category:Aftermath of the Korean War
Category:Women in war in East Asia
Category:Women in warfare post-1945


Worcester Woods Country Park

Worcester Woods Country Park is a country park in Worcester, Worcestershire, England.

History
The land on which the park sits was a medieval farmstead, after the Black Death there was insufficient labour to manage the whole area. The land now comprising Nunnery Wood was abandoned and the oldest trees date to this period, the woods were first owned by the nuns of White Ladies Aston. Hornhill Meadow continued to be farmed and was part of the Hornhill Farmstead in the 1700s. In 1979 Nunnery Wood was acquired by Worcestershire County Council and in 1990 the meadow was acquired, the park was established at this time.

Location
Worcestershire County Council, the owner, is located at the park.
It is also adjacent to the Worcestershire Royal Hospital, Nunnery Wood Sports Complex, containing an athletics stadium, and Worcester Sixth Form College.

Facilities
There is a visitor centre with a cafe and toilets, a barbecue and picnic area, a children's play area, an orchard, orienteering, walking trails, an adventure playground, a pond  and Worcester Parkrun takes place every Saturday. There is also crazy golf and geocaching. The area covered is 38 Hectares.

Nature
There are two local nature reserves, Nunnery Wood and Hornhill Meadow.

References

Category:Parks and open spaces in Worcestershire
Category:Worcester


Jean-Claude Paye

Jean-Claude Paye may refer to:

 Jean-Claude Paye (sociologist) (born 1952), Belgian sociologist
 Jean-Claude Paye (OECD) (born 1934), French civil servant, Secretary-General of the OECD


NGOM Fest

NGOM Fest is a music festival established in Prizren, Kosovo. The word "Ngom" is written in Gheg Albanian dialect and it means "Listen to me" whereas the word "Fest" represents the abbreviation of the word "Festival". This Festival originates from a group of young and creative people who are active in the social life of Prizren and Kosovo. The first edition of the festival was held in June 2011 and due to its major success, the activists were more committed in organizing this event. The main objectives of this festival are to promote new bands and artists, build a new perspective for music festivals in Kosovo, and to connect different ethnic groups in Kosovo and in the region.

History
The first edition of the festival took place on June 24, 2011. The success that this festival had in its first year had set a solid base for the future editions. This achievement helped promote cultural inheritance including the sightseeing's of Prizren, qualitative music and aided to raise awareness of environmental issues. At the same time, numerous events concerning different social and cultural issues were held during the course of three days of this festival. The main focus was to address problems that preoccupy the youth and the society in general. During the first edition, this festival was awarded by the Municipality of Prizren with the prize “The Most Massive Event of the Year 2011".

The second edition of the festival took place on June 22, 2012. It lasted three days and had six stages. These stages included "Shatervan" stage, "Parkingu" stage, "Marash" stage, "Ngom Cafe" stage, "Promo" Stage and "Classical Music" stage. The activities that were held during the duration of NGOM Fest included Photography exhibition, Workshop for Recycling, Workshop Drums Clinic, Disc Collections - The Old time Music, The city of bicycles, Exhibition with ecycled objects, Cleaning the city and planting seeds, NGOM Caffe, NGOM Shop and NGOM Camp. During the second edition, this festival was awarded by the Municipality of Prizren with the prize "The Event of the Year".

The third edition of NGOM Fest took place in Prizren during a course of three days, from 5 to 7 July 2013.
The main focus of 2013’s NGOM Fest edition was electronic music such as drum and bass, dubstep, progressive techno, trip hop, break and rock genres such as heavy metal and punk rock. More than 30 music bands performed in this edition, among them the Turkish band Baba Zula, known for combining traditional Turkish instruments with electronic and reggae instruments. Other artists who performed in NGOM Fest include, Lenzman, the famous Dutch DJ and producer performed drum and bass music and the Kosovar rock band Troja.

The Festival

The opening ceremony of the festival starts at 19:00. During this show, secondary school pupils from Kosovo and students of the “Academy of Music in Prishtina” performed classical music. After 20:00 the music starts at the stage in “Marash” and also in the stage of “Shadërvan.” The music continues until the last day at noon. Another scene that is part of NGOM Fest is the‘Promo Scene’ which is designed to promote new musical bands. Thirty bands from Kosova and Albania applied to perform, however only 10 bands were accepted, amongst them, three bands will be selected to record a song in a studio. This activity aims to promote and support the early careers of these new bands.
Eighty volunteers participate in the organization of this festival, by turning Prizren into a city of music and art for three days in a row. The camp in Prizren is located in the center of the city, near the Bistrica. This camp accommodates visitors from all over the countries and houses them at the lowest price.

Besides the music performances, this festival is known for recreational spots, including the Ngom Shop. Another interesting event which takes place during these three days is the exhibition that presents the most beautiful parts of the city and its architecture. This exhibition is placed in Hamam.  The food is another exciting part of this musical festival since it represents the traditional cuisine of Prizren and the Albanian culture in general.

Bands and artists
Music in NGOM Fest consists of a variety of genres. Starting from classical music, rock, alternative, pop and including the latest electronic music hits. Separate and different-themed stages were set up for each music genre. Notable performing bands and artists in this festival include: Jericho, Dark Angel, Son of Beat & Japan from Serbia, Bojken Lako from Albania, Jim Rivers from Ukraine, Conquering Lion from the Republic of Macedonia, Filip Motovunski from Croatia, Quantized Music from Greece, Gillespie, Alley Sin from Bulgaria, Triko, Troja, Peni Trio, Jimmy Hagan, Pink Metal, Owlie and many more.

References

External links
 site

Category:Rock festivals in Kosovo
Category:Electronic music festivals in Kosovo
Category:Music festivals in Kosovo
Category:Pop music festivals
Category:Summer events in Kosovo


Kinneloa Mesa, California

Kinneloa Mesa is an Unincorporated community located in Los Angeles County, California, with a population of approximately 1,000.  Unlike Altadena, a larger unincorporated area nearby, Kinneloa Mesa is not an official census-designated place.  "Kinneloa Mesa" is in the Los Angeles County list of unincorporated areas and streetmaps including those of the Los Angeles County Assessor's office clearly recognize Kinneloa Mesa Road and Kinneloa Canyon Road as two principal roads through the area.

Kinneloa Mesa adjoins Pasadena, and is close to Altadena (across the Eaton Canyon wash) and Sierra Madre (across an intervening fingertip section of Pasadena.

History

Kinneloa Mesa is an unincorporated community of the Fifth Supervisorial District of Los Angeles County, California.  It is bordered by the Sierra Madre Mountains and the Angeles National Forest to the north, the Eaton Canyon wash (City of Pasadena) on the West, and the City of Pasadena on the South and on the East.

According to Altadena web-historians, Kinneloa Mesa may comprise part or all of the ranch of Abbot Kinney, and has also been known as the Kinneloa Estates.

A major fire in the area in 1993 affected Kinneloa Mesa.  The fire was started by a homeless man in Eaton Canyon, and particularly devastated homes along Kinneloa Mesa.

News stories that reference Kinneloa Mesa occasionally misspell Kinneloa as "Kinneola" creating difficulty in researching current and historical events for this area.

The streets on Kinneloa Mesa were created and named by the founder of the Kinneloa Mesa community Mr. Abbot Kinney. The name "Kinneloa" meaning "Kinney's Hill" in Hawaii was later used to create the street names in a Hawaiian fashion, (Mesaloa, Meyerloa, Lindaloa). The street name Clarmeya was named for the two original residents of Kinneloa Mesa, the Clarks and the Meyers. And as you are driving down the Kinneloa Mesa hill the mountain range resembles to a Hawaii mountain, which inspired the Hawaii names.

Sources
"Burning Concerns; New Mexico 'Controlled' Fire Puts Local Officials on Defensive", by Lee Condon. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, Calif.: May 21, 2000, page 1.
"Cold Front Puts the Chill on Ill Winds; Weather: Alaskan storm system blocks return of powerful Santa Ana winds." by Dexter Filkins, Eric Malnic. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, Calif.: Oct 27, 1996, page 1.
"Californians Set For More Wind And New Blazes; But a Day of Calm Lets Firefighters Catch Up", by Robert Reinhold. New York Times, New York, N.Y.: Oct 30, 1993, page 6.
"Transient's Act Means Others Now Homeless", by Deborah Hastings. The Associated Press. Orange County Register. Santa Ana, Calif.: Oct 29, 1993, page A24.
"A Drive in January", by Clara Spalding Brown. Ballou's Monthly Magazine. Boston, Mass.: July to December, 1883, page 62.
"The Plateau of Sierra Madre", by Charles F. Lummis. The Land of Sunshine: A Southwestern Magazine. Los Angeles, Calif.: December, 1895, to, May, 1896, page 193.

External links
Los Angeles County's Unincorporated Areas
The official Timeline of Altadena History

Category:Unincorporated communities in Los Angeles County, California
Category:Altadena, California
Category:Geography of Pasadena, California
Category:Communities in the San Gabriel Valley
Category:San Gabriel Mountains
Category:Unincorporated communities in California


Church of St Mary the Virgin, Prestwich

The Church of St Mary the Virgin is on Church Lane, Prestwich, Greater Manchester, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Radcliffe and Prestwich, the archdeaconry of Bolton and the diocese of Manchester. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. Pevsner refers to it as "a major church".

History

Prestwich is not mentioned in the Domesday Book, but there is evidence of a church on the site since at least 1200. The tower was built in about 1500 by the 1st Earl of Derby, and the body of the church was rebuilt during the early part of the 16th century. In 1756 the south porch was rebuilt and the walls of the aisles were raised. The east vestry was rebuilt in 1803 and in 1860 the chancel was extended. In 1872 a new chapel, the Birch Chapel, was added to the south of the chancel and to the east of the existing south (Lever) chapel; the Lever Chapel was rebuilt two years later. In 1888–89 the Lancaster architects Paley, Austin and Paley rebuilt the north (Wilton) chapel and the chancel, and added an organ chamber and a vestry on the north side of the chancel. The north porch dates from 1895. The north and south galleries were removed in 1959.

Architecture

Exterior
The church is constructed in red sandstone with stone slate roofs. Its plan consists of a five-bay nave with a clerestory, a three-bay chancel with a clerestory rising higher than that of the nave, north and south aisles, north and south porches, and a west tower. The two eastern bays of the north aisle comprise the Wilton Chapel, the work of Paley and Austin in 1872. There is some doubt as to whether it is original Paley and Austin or a rebuild of something earlier. Of this chapel Pevsner writes "the uncusped tracery is almost convincing Henry VIII but not quite." Beyond the Wilton Chapel are the organ chamber and the choir vestry. On the south of the church the Lever Chapel occupies a corresponding position to the Wilton Chapel, and to the east of this is the Birch (or Lady) Chapel. The tower is in three stages and rises to a height of . It has a buttress at each corner, and a stair turret in the northeast corner. In the bottom stage is a doorway above which is a three-light window. In the middle stage on the west side is a two-light square-headed window. At a higher level in this stage are clock faces on the north, south and east sides. A reference in the churchwarden’s accounts notes that there was a clock in the tower in 1656. The top stage contains a three-light louvred bell opening on each side, and above them a string course with gargoyles. At the top of the tower is an embattled parapet, and it is surmounted by a pyramidal roof with a weathervane. Both aisles have two cusped, tracery-less, three-light windows and above them are three three-light square-headed, mullioned windows. At the west end of the north aisle is a Decorated two-light window, and at the west end of the south aisle the window has three lights. The clerestory has a range of two-light square-headed windows on each side. The Lever chapel has two four-light windows, and in the Wilton chapel are three three-light windows. The east window of the chancel has seven lights and contains Perpendicular tracery. The south porch is dated 1756.

Interior
The arcades are carried on tall octagonal piers mostly without capitals. The roof is coffered and contains carved bosses; although much restored, it still contains some 16th century timber. The chancel is floored in polychromatic marble. The stone reredos is a memorial to a child who died at the age of eight from scarlet fever in 1863. The altar rails, the stalls, the screen and the pulpit were designed by Paley, Austin and Paley. The organ screen is a memorial to the First World War and wings were added to it to commemorate the Second World War. Also in the church is a chandelier given to the church in 1701, incorporating an eagle and child, the symbol of the Earls of Derby. The stained glass in the east window is by Ward and Hughes, and dates from 1861. During the 1888—89 rebuilding of the chancel, the glass was altered and installed in the new window. There is stained glass by the same makers in the Lady Chapel, dated 1876, and in the tower, dating from 1884. In the Wilton Chapel is glass by Clayton and Bell dating from 1890–92. In the chancel and in the organ chamber are windows by Shrigley and Hunt dated between 1904 and 1927. The finest monument in the church is one dated 1833 by Sievier to the memory of a rector, Rev'd James Lyon, who had been the incumbent for 50 years. Also in the church are memorials to two members of the Grey Egerton family, who died respectively in 1743 and 1756, and to Sir Ashton Lever of Alkrington Hall, who died in 1788. In the chancel is a brass dated 1634.

Organ and bells
The original two manual organ was built by Renn and Boston in 1825 but was moved to St Matthew's, Preston, in 1891. It was replaced in 1889 by a new organ built by the Belgian firm of Anneesens. This was given by the 4th Earl of Wilton and cost £1,000 (). By 1901, the organ had become unplayable and it was replaced by a three-manual organ by Abbott and Smith. This too was replaced in 1964 by an organ made by J. W. Walker, using some of the pipes from the previous organ. In 2006 this organ was restored and rebuilt by Principal Pipe Organs of York.

Originally there was a ring of four bells. These were recast into five bells in 1721 by Abraham Rudhall, who added a sixth bell at the same time. These were all replaced in the 20th century by a ring of eight bells, all cast by John Taylor, two of them in 1910 and the rest in 1919.

In 1999, to celebrate the Millennium, the bells were fitted with additional electromagnetic hammers so that they could be tolled automatically. This work was carried out by Gunning & Kavanagh, Co. Down and was designed to allow the bells to be pealed using the ropes or tolled using the new control panel situated inside the church at the foot of the bell tower.

Churchyard

The Churchyard dates to the fourteenth century but has been extended many times, including 1827 (when the yard was enclosed), 1864, 1886, 1924 and 1950.

The western section of the churchyard contains the burial plots of over 5000 inmates of the Prestwich County Asylum (later Prestwich Hospitalin its time Europe's largest psychiatric hospital) dating between 1851 and 1968. Several graves for the asylum's attendants and some for inmates are marked by grave slabs, but the majority are unmarked, communal graves. In 2006, a memorial was erected to mark these graves, funded by parishioners with assistance from Prestwich area board and Salford, Trafford and Bolton NHS Mental Health Trust. The memorial is made of ruby grey Welsh slate and was consecrated by the Bishop of Bolton.

The churchyard contains the grade II* listed funerary monument to John Brooks (1788–1849) of Crawshaw Hall, the son of cotton entrepreneur and banker William Brooks. The monument was sculpted by John Thomas and cost approx £3000. John Brooks was a partner in the calico printing firm of Cunliffe & Brooks who had a mill near Blackburn. He was also Secretary of the Anti-Corn Law League and a philanthropist. The monument comprises a panelled pedestal of granite set upon a large, square stone plinth and was originally enclosed by railings, which were removed as part of the war effort during World War II. It has a square aedicule of Sicilian marble above with niches to each face framed by decorated piers, each containing a life-size carved female figure in classical dress. Each face is pedimented  with a bracketed cornice beneath interspersed with carved medallions. The north face contains the figure 'Industry' depicted with a wheel, the west face the figure 'Commerce' depicted with bales of cotton/calico, the east face the figure 'Charity' depicted with babes in arms and the south face contains the figure 'Integrity' depicted holding a book. Carved decorations to the piers and spandrels include depictions of cotton and flax plants, roses, poppies and oak and laurel leaves. The figure of Charity was exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851.

In the churchyard are 48 war graves of service personnel, 29 of World War I and 19 of World War II. Graves include servicemen from:

 the Corps of Military Police
 the East Lancashire Regiment
 the King's Regiment (Liverpool)
 the Labour Corps
 the Lancashire Fusiliers
 the London Regiment
 the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment
 the Manchester Regiment
 the RAF
 the RAFVR
 the Royal Armoured Corps

 the Royal Army Service Corps
 the Royal Canadian Infantry Corps
 the Royal Corps of Signals
 the Royal Engineers
 the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers
 the Royal Navy
 the RNVR
 the Royal Pioneer Corps
 the Royal Scots (1917)
 the Sherwood Foresters
 the South Wales Borderers

and one servicewoman from the Auxiliary Territorial Service.

The churchyard is the resting place of Sir William Fairbairn Bt, Sir William Mather and William Sturgeon.  Three noted botanists, Richard Buxton, John Horsefield and James Percival are buried in one corner of the churchyard.

Other notable plots include:

The church yard contains other important structures, including the gate piers of 1827, and boundary walls of 1827 and 1886 enclosing the churchyard to north, east and south sides (grade II, 1985), the 18th century 3-step monolithic sandstone mounting block (grade II, 1985), a section of boundary wall to the north of the church yard with an oval inscription (grade II, 1985)  are all listed monuments, as is the sundial to the south of the church grade (II, 1985). The 1801 hearse house adjacent to the Church Inn was listed grade II in 2012 as an important survival of a late Georgian hearse house with a design that is above the purely functional. Despite some later alterations, it retains many original features, including its stone sett floors and a timber ledger cupboard. There are a 1668 tomb crest and a medieval tomb slab with incised decoration built into the interior walls. Most unusual among the listed monuments in the church yard is a triangular stone measuring about 4 feet by 4 feet, and perhaps 5 inches thick, inscribed:  It was listed as a grade II monument in 1985.

See also

 List of churches in Greater Manchester
 Grade I listed churches in Greater Manchester
 Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester
 Listed buildings in Prestwich
 List of works by Paley, Austin and Paley
 List of ecclesiastical works by Paley and Austin

References

External links
 Prestwich St Mary's website
 A church near you: Prestwich St Mary's

Category:Grade I listed churches in Greater Manchester
Category:Church of England church buildings in Greater Manchester
Category:Anglican Diocese of Manchester
Category:English Gothic architecture in Greater Manchester
Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in Greater Manchester
Category:Paley and Austin buildings
Category:Paley, Austin and Paley buildings
Church of Saint Mary
Category:Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester


Mohammad Ahmadpouri

Mohammad Ahmadpouri (; born September 21, 1979) is an Iranian football midfielder who currently plays for Zob Ahan in the Iran Pro League.

Club career

In 2009, Ahmadpouri joined Shahin Bushehr after spending the previous two years at Shirin Faraz F.C.

Club career statistics
Last Update  21 September 2011

 Assist Goals

References

Category:1979 births
Category:Living people
Category:Iranian footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Shahin Bushehr F.C. players
Category:Tractor S.C. players
Category:Shirin Faraz Kermanshah players
Category:Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players
Category:People from Masjed Soleyman


Frank Crossin

Francis Patrick "Frank" Crossin, Sr. (June 15, 1891 – December 6, 1965) was a professional baseball player whose career spanned seven seasons, three of which were spent in Major League Baseball (MLB) St. Louis Browns (1912–14). Over his Major League career, Crossin, a catcher, compiled a .147 batting average with eight runs scored, 17 hits, one double, one triple, and seven runs batted in (RBIs) in 55 games played. He made his professional debut with the minor league Binghamton Bingoes in 1912. His MLB debut came on September 24, 1912. Crossin played parts of the next two seasons in the majors. In 1915, a year after his MLB career ended, he returned to the minors. Over his career in the minors, Crossin compiled a .261 batting average with 303 hits in 381 games played. He batted, and threw right-handed. During his career, he stood at , and weighed .

Early life
Crossin was born on June 15, 1891 in Avondale, Pennsylvania to James, and Mary Crossin, of New York, and England, respectively. James Crossin, who was of Irish American heritage, worked as a miner, and a day laborer. Frank Crossin had nine siblings; brothers James, William, Edward, John, Joseph, and Leo; and sisters Alice, Marian, and Alberta. In 1910, Frank Crossin was working as an auto mechanic. In his youth, Crossin played amateur baseball with the Luzerne Reds, who represented Luzerne, Pennsylvania. He also played amateur baseball in Wyoming, and Susquehanna, Pennsylvania.

Professional career

Early career, and St. Louis Browns (1912–14)
In 1912, Crossin signed his first professional baseball contract with the Binghamton Bingoes of the Class-B New York State League. It was reported that the Wilkes-Barre Barons were interested in Crossin, but signed with Binghamton instead. Crossin played with future, and former Major League Baseball (MLB) players Jack Barnett, Cad Coles, Rankin Johnson, Jim Jones, Harry Lumley, John McCloskey, Chick Robitaille, and Allan Sothoron. Early in the season, Crossin replaced Binghamton's regular catcher George Vandegrift at that position. Scouts from several MLB team were reportedly interested in Crossin. Times Leader described Crossin as "one of the sensations of the league", and wrote that he had a "remarkable throwing and hitting" ability. On July 11, Crossin was sold to the MLB St. Louis Browns, but was allowed to finish the season with Binghamton. With the Bingoes, he batted .235 with 63 hits in 89 games played.

Crossin was issued to report to the St. Louis Browns in September 1912. Before reporting, he returned to his home in Luzerne, Pennsylvania, where the manager, and players from his former amateur team the Luzerne Reds held a banquet in honor of Crossin. The Browns paid the Binghamton Bingoes, the team in which they purchased him from, US$1,000 for Crossin. He made his MLB debut on September 24. With the Browns that year, he played in eight games. In those games, he batted .227 with two runs scored, five hits, two runs batted in (RBIs), and one stolen base. Defensively, he played all of his games at the catcher position.

In February 1913, Crossin was issued to report to spring training for the St. Louis Browns. Crossin's friends accompanied him to the Lehigh Valley Railroad Station before he left for spring training. Crossin made the Browns roster at the start of the regular season in 1913. As a part of their earlier deal, the St. Louis club had to pay the Binghamton Bingoes US$1,500 to use Crossin's services during the 1913 season. Early in the season, he was sent down to the minor leagues. He played with his former team, the Binghamton Bingoes. In the minors that season, he batted .269 with 47 hits in 62 games played. On August 1, Crossin was recalled to the Major Leagues. He played four games with the Browns that season. In those games, he had one hit in four at-bats.

On January 20, 1914, Crossin was traded by the Binghamton Bingoes to the Nashville Vols of the Class-A Southern Association. However, he spent the entire season with the St. Louis Browns. On April 19, Crossin hit a bases loaded triple, which helped the Browns beat the Chicago White Sox. His last MLB appearance came on August 8, 1914. With the Browns that year, he batted .122 with five runs scored, 11 hits, one double, one triple, five RBIs, and three stolen bases in 43 games played.

Later career (1915–1920)
Before the start of the 1915 season, Crossin signed with the Louisville Colonels of the Double-A American Association. Out of spring training that season, Crossin made the Colonels roster. At the end of May, Crossin's batting average was .367. With the Colonels, Crossin batted .254 with 63 hits, five doubles, one double, and one triple in 83 games played. Crossin re-signed with the Louisville Colonels at the start of the 1916 season. On June 8, Crossin was sold by Louisville to the Atlanta Crackers of the Double-A Southern Association. He suffered a sore arm that year, causing him to miss the entire season.

At the start of the 1917 season, Crossin re-signed with the Louisville Colonels. In May, he was released by the Colonels. After that, he signed with the Scranton Miners of the Class-B New York State League. However, in August, the Scranton club could not pay Crossin his salary, and he was released. With the Miners, he batted .265 with 70 hits in 76 games played. Crossin was re-signed by the Colonels after he was released. He also played with the Toledo Iron Men, who also played in the American Association. Between the two teams, be batted .298 with 14 hits, and two doubles in 20 games played.

In October 1917, Crossin was drafted into the United States Army to fight in World War I. He fought in France as a member of the 35th Field Artillery Regiment. In 1919, Crossin returned from the war, and signed with the Reading Coal Barons of the Double-A International League. On July 1, Crossin fractured his fibula after sliding into second base. On the season, he batted .265 with 35 hits, 12 doubles, one triple, and one home run in 34 games played. His final professional baseball season would come in 1920. He was a member of the Reading International League team, now renamed the Marines. He batted .234 with 11 hits, one double, and one triple in 17 games played.

Later life
In 1920, Crossin was living in Luzerne, Pennsylvania with his wife, Margaret Crossin, his brother, Leo, and his father, James. By 1930, Frank and Margaret Crossin had three children; sons Francis, Jr. (who became a professional basketball player), and John; and daughter Mary. They later had another son, Joseph. In 1942, Frank Crossin was self-employed. Crossin operated his business in Swoyersville, Pennsylvania for 35 years. He died on December 6, 1965 at Nesbitt Memorial Hospital, where he had been a patient for five days, in Kingston, Pennsylvania. He was buried at St. Mary Cemetery in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

References

External links

Category:1891 births
Category:1965 deaths
Category:People from Chester County, Pennsylvania
Category:Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Category:Major League Baseball catchers
Category:Binghamton Bingoes players
Category:St. Louis Browns players
Category:Louisville Colonels (minor league) players
Category:Scranton Miners players
Category:Reading Coal Barons players
Category:American military personnel of World War I
Category:20th-century American businesspeople
Category:Semi-professional baseball players


Dungarvan (UK Parliament constituency)

Dungarvan was a parliamentary constituency in Ireland, which from 1801 to 1885 returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The constituency was created when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801, replacing the earlier Dungarvan constituency in the Parliament of Ireland.

Boundaries
This constituency was the Parliamentary borough of Dungarvan in County Waterford. Until the Parliamentary Boundaries (Ireland) Act, 1832 (passed alongside the Irish Reform Act 1832) it was coterminous with the manor of Dungarvan, and the franchise was exercised by potwallopers of the town and forty shilling freeholders of the manor. The manor extended far beyond the urban area, including Abbeyside on the east bank of the Colligan River.  Commissioners appointed in 1831 and 1836, to revise Irish parliamentary and municipal borough boundaries respectively, described the old border as "supposed to contain about 10,000 Statute Acres" and with an "ill defined" boundary. Besides the main portion around the town, the borough included three detached townlands further west (Knockampoor, Canty, and Ballymullala) and excluded 13 small enclaves (one within Dungarvan town and eleven on the east bank of the Colligan, of which nine belonged to the manor of Dromana, including the townlands of Tournore, Clonana and Croughtanaul). Although the 1832 commissioners suggested radical simplification in the boundary, the only change in 1832 was to exclude the detached parts and include the enclosed enclaves to create a single area. This boundary is marked on the Ordnance Survey of Ireland's six-inch map, published a few years later.

Members of Parliament

Elections

Elections in the 1840s

Sheil was appointed as Master of the Mint, requiring a by-election.

Elections in the 1850s
Due to both ill health and to become a diplomat in Tuscany, Sheil resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.

In order to enable the withdrawal of an election petition filed by O'Flaherty, Maguire resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.

Elections in the 1860s

Elections in the 1870s

O'Keefe's death caused a by-election.

Elections in the 1880s

Sources
The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844-50), 2nd edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801-1922, edited by B.M. Walker (Royal Irish Academy 1978)

References

Category:Westminster constituencies in County Waterford (historic)
Category:United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies established in 1801
Category:United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies disestablished in 1885
Category:Dungarvan


Tripura Football Association

The Tripura Football Association (abbreviated Tripura FA) is one of the 36 Indian State Football Associations that are affiliated to the All India Football Federation. The Tripura FA administers lower tier football in the state of Tripura.

Background
Tripura Football Association, commonly referred to as Tripura FA, is the governing body for football in the state of Tripura. The Football Association is based in Agartala and the Association's President is Ratan Saha.

Tripura clubs
The 24 clubs listed below have participated in the Agartala League which is a football competition administered by the Tripura Football Association.

 Forward Club
 Ananda Vaban
 Birendra Club
 Blood Mouth Club
 Agiye Chalo Sangha
 Friends Union
 Jewels Association
 Kalyan Samity
 Lalbahadur Vyamagar
 Mouchak Club
 Nine Bullets
 Noboday Sangha

 Ramakrishna Club
 Sabuj Sangha
 SAI SAG
 Skylark Club
 Soroj Sangha
 Town Club
 Tripura Police
 Tripura Sports School
 Umakanta SAI
 United BST
 Vivekananda Club
 Youth Club

References

External links
Indian Football

Category:Football governing bodies in India
Category:Sport in Tripura


Paci

Paci is an  Italian surname.  People with this name include:

 Alessandro Paci (born 1964), Italian actor, film director and comedian
 Alfred Paci, former Swiss curler
 Alfred Paci, Swiss curler
 Francesca Paci (born 1971), Italian journalist
 Frank G. Paci, Italian-Canadian novelist
 Guido Paci (1949-1983), Italian professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer
 Mario Paci (1878–1946), Italian pianist and conductor
 Massimo Paci (born 1978), Italian footballer
 Roberto Paci Dalò, Italian composer and musician
 Roy Paci (born 1969), Italian musician

See also
 PACI (disambiguation)
 Pacifier

Category:Italian-language surnames


Jacques-Marie

Jacques-Marie or Jacques Marie may refer to:

Jacques-Marie, vicomte Cavaignac (1773–1855), French general
Jacques Marie (footballer) (1945–1999), French soccer player with CS Sedan Ardennes

See also