What is the growth momentum of Zeekr in 2024? What is the potential of Zeekr in 2024?
The following table sets forth a breakdown of the company's revenues, each expressed in the absolute amount and as a percentage of the company's total revenues, for the periods indicated. The company vehicle sales  
Sales of the company batteries and other components  
The company research and development services and other services Revenues increased by 46.9% from RMB51,672.6 million in 2023 to RMB75,912.7 million (US$10,400.0 million) in 2024, which was primarily due to: (i) The company's vehicle sales revenue experienced an increase from RMB33,911.8 million in 2023 to RMB55,315.3 million (US$7,578.2 million) in 2024. The increase in the company's vehicle sales mainly resulted from the increased delivery volume of new products. Compared to 118,685 units of the company vehicles delivered in 2023, the company delivered 222,123 units of the company vehicles in 2024. The increase in the company's vehicle sales revenue was partially offset by the lower average selling price as a result of the changes in product mix and pricing strategy.  
(ii) The company's revenue from sales of batteries and other components grew from RMB14,692.6 million in 2023 to RMB16,793.8 million (US$2,300.7 million) in 2024. The increase was primarily attributed to robust sales volumes in battery and electric drive systems, coupled with a RMB 1,392.5 million (USD 190.8 million) growth in overseas sales of battery components.  
(iii) During the same periods, the revenue generated from the company's research and development services and other services increased from RMB3,068.2 million to RMB3,803.5 million (US$521.1 million). The year-over-year increase was mainly due to the increased sales of vehicle spare parts. In 2024, the company delivered 222,123 vehicles. As of December 31, 2024, the company cumulatively delivered a total of 418,756 vehicles. The following chart summarizes the monthly deliveries of the company's vehicles by the end of February 2025. The company had an unstable and volatile financial performance. The company's total revenue increased significantly by RMB24,240.1 million, or approximately 46.9%, from RMB51,672.6 million in 2023 to RMB75,912.7 million (US$10,400.0 million) in 2024. The increase was primarily due to the increase in (i) vehicle sales of RMB21,403.5 million and (ii) sales of batteries and other components of RMB2,101.2 million. The company's total revenue increased significantly by RMB19,773.2 million, or approximately 62.0%, from RMB31,899.4 million in 2022 to RMB51,672.6 million in 2023. The increase was primarily due to the increase in (i) vehicle sales of RMB14,240.5 million and (ii) sales of batteries and other components of RMB4,374.8 million. However, although the company's revenue from vehicle sales and sales of batteries and other components increased significantly, the company might experience volatility or not be able to maintain a similar increase rate, which could adversely affect the company's financial condition and results of operation. Furthermore, as a result of the corresponding rising cost of revenues and increasing operating expenses, the company's net loss decreased by RMB2,473.5 million, where the company recorded a net loss of RMB5,790.6 million (US$793.3 million) in 2024, compared to a net loss of RMB8,264.2 million in 2023. The company incurred a significant increase of RMB609.1 million in net loss and recorded a net loss of RMB8,264.2 million in 2023, compared to a net loss of RMB7,655.1 million in 2022. The company cannot assure you that the company will achieve profitability in the near future as the company is still at an early stage. The company had an unstable and volatile financial performance. The company's total revenue increased significantly by RMB24,240.1 million, or approximately 46.9%, from RMB51,672.6 million in 2023 to RMB75,912.7 million (US$10,400.0 million) in 2024. The increase was primarily due to the increase in (i) vehicle sales of RMB21,403.5 million and (ii) sales of batteries and other components of RMB2,101.2 million. The company's total revenue increased significantly by RMB19,773.2 million, or approximately 62.0%, from RMB31,899.4 million in 2022 to RMB51,672.6 million in 2023. The increase was primarily due to the increase in (i) vehicle sales of RMB14,240.5 million and (ii) sales of batteries and other components of RMB4,374.8 million. However, although the company's revenue from vehicle sales and sales of batteries and other components increased significantly, the company might experience volatility or not be able to maintain a similar increase rate, which could adversely affect the company's financial condition and results of operation. Furthermore, as a result of the corresponding rising cost of revenues and increasing operating expenses, the company's net loss decreased by RMB2,473.5 million, where the company recorded a net loss of RMB5,790.6 million (US$793.3 million) in 2024, compared to a net loss of RMB8,264.2 million in 2023. The company incurred a significant increase of RMB609.1 million in net loss and recorded a net loss of RMB8,264.2 million in 2023, compared to a net loss of RMB7,655.1 million in 2022. The company cannot assure you that the company will achieve profitability in the near future as the company is still at an early stage. The company's gross profit increased by 81.7% from RMB6,850.5 million in 2023 to RMB12,447.5 million (US$1,705.3 million) in 2024, which was primarily due to (i) an increase in gross profit from vehicle sales from RMB5,080.2 million in 2023 to RMB8,650.3 million (US$1,185.1 million) in 2024; (ii) an increase in gross profit from sales of batteries and other components from RMB884.5 million in 2023 to RMB2,312.7 million (US$316.8 million) in 2024; and (iii) an increase in gross profit from research and development services from RMB885.8 million in 2023 to RMB1,484.5 million (US$203.4 million) in 2024. The company's gross profit margin increased from 13.3% in 2023 to 16.4% in 2024. The increase was mainly attributable to the slight growth of the company's vehicle sales business, which had a higher gross profit margin at 15.6% in 2024. The gross profit and gross profit margin for the company in 2024 were RMB9,948.7 million (US$1,363.0 million) and 17.0%, respectively, compared with RMB5,791.9 million and 16.3% in 2023. The increase was primarily attributed to (i) the increase in delivery volume of the company's vehicles together with changes in pricing strategy to align with market dynamics and (ii) procurement savings due to the declining average costs in auto parts and other materials. For the Viridi Segment, the company recorded RMB954.2 million and RMB2,386.6 million (US$327.0 million) in gross profit and recorded gross profit margins of 5.2% and 13.3% in 2023 and 2024, respectively. The increase was primarily due to the growth in overseas sales of battery components, which had higher average gross margins. The company will be provided with Onsemi’s EliteSiC, its silicon carbide power devices, to enhance the performance, charging efficiency, and driving range for the company's BEV products. The company operates in a rapidly growing market with extensive potential. Driven by improving battery and smart technologies, supportive regulatory policies, and enhancement of charging infrastructure, China’s BEV market has substantial room for growth in both volume and BEV penetration. China’s BEV sales volume is expected to be approximately five times greater, reaching 13.7 million units in 2028 from 2021, according to Frost & Sullivan. The premium BEV market is expected to experience even faster growth, almost increasing to over seven times the volume in 2021 by 2028, according to Frost & Sullivan. The European BEV market has significant size and growth potential, which is expected to reach 5.3 million units in sales volume in 2028. representing a CAGR of 18.6% from 2024 to 2028, according to Frost & Sullivan. In the future, the company also plans to tap into the robotaxi market in the United States. In December 2023, the company started to deliver the ZEEKR 001 in Europe. The company's revenue from vehicle sales amounted to RMB1,544.3 million, RMB19,671.2 million, and RMB33,911.8 million (US$4,776.4 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, with a gross profit margin of 1.8%, 4.7%, and 15.0%, respectively. In addition to vehicle sales, the company generated revenues from research and development services, other services, and sales of batteries and other components. The development of the company's BEV models is powered by SEA, a set of open-source, electric and modularized platforms owned by Geely Holding compatible with A segment to E segment, covering sedan, SUV, MPV, hatchback, roadster, pick-up truck, and robotaxi, which have a wheelbase mainly between 1,800 mm to 3,300 mm. The company depends on Geely Holding to allow it to continue to utilize SEA, which is currently the most suitable platform for the company. The widely compatible SEA enables robust R&D capabilities, execution efficiency, cost efficiency, and control consistency in the vehicle development process, giving the company's BEVs significant competitive advantages in the market. SEA also offers the flexibility to quickly adopt and accommodate the latest and most advanced technology improvements. For example, the company was able to equip its model with CATL’s latest Qilin battery, making it the first mass-produced BEV model equipped with Qilin battery, according to Frost & Sullivan. Together with the company's proprietary advanced battery solutions and highly efficient electric drive system, the model’s extended range version is the world’s first pure-electric MPV model with an over 800 km CLTC range and the longest all-electric range in the MPV market by the end of February 2024, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company deploys cutting-edge autonomous driving technology into its BEVs by world-leading players such as Mobileye and has also announced plans to integrate NVIDIA DRIVE Thor, the 2,000 TOPS AV superchip, into its centralized vehicle computer for the next generation of intelligent BEVs. The company also offers an intelligent cockpit to deliver interactive, immersive, and enjoyable driving experiences. The company operates in a rapidly growing market with extensive potential. Driven by improving battery and smart technologies, supportive regulatory policies, and enhancement of charging infrastructure, China’s BEV market has substantial room for growth in both volume and BEV penetration. China’s BEV sales volume is expected to be approximately five times to 13.7 million units in 2028 from 2021, according to Frost & Sullivan. The premium BEV market is expected to experience an even faster growth, almost increasing to more than seven times the volume in 2021 by 2028, according to Frost & Sullivan. The European BEV market has significant size and growth potential, which is expected to reach 5.3 million units in sales volume in 2028, representing a CAGR of 18.6% from 2024 to 2028, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company has started to deliver ZEEKR 001 in Europe in December 2023. In the future, the company also plans to tap into the robotaxi market in the United States. The company has strong in-house technological capabilities focusing on electrification and intelligentization. The company's in-house design, engineering, and R&D enable it to achieve high product development efficiency and rapid product iteration, as well as to provide engineering services to external parties. In particular, the company's in-house capabilities are also supported by (i) the Sweden-based R&D center CEVT in the research and development of intelligent mobility solutions, and (ii) Ningbo Viridi, the company's PRC subsidiary focused on the products and systems relating to battery, motor and electric control, power solutions, and energy storage. Leveraging the company's in-house E/E Architecture design and operating system, ZEEKR OS, the company continuously updates its BEV functions through effective and efficient FOTA. The company deploys cutting-edge autonomous driving technology into its BEVs, utilizing world-leading players such as Mobileye, and has also announced its plan to integrate NVIDIA DRIVE Thor, the 2,000 TOPS AV superchip, into its centralized vehicle computer for the next generation intelligent BEV. The company also offers an intelligent cockpit to deliver interactive, immersive, and enjoyable driving experiences. To successfully achieve the company's mission, it assembled a top-notch management team with diversified yet complementary backgrounds and experiences. The company's management team possesses entrepreneurial spirit, deep automotive and technology sector expertise along with customer-centric operation experience, which are essential to driving the company's future development. The company's co-founder and CEO Conghui An has over 25 years’ experience in multiple executive management positions in Geely Group and accumulated profound industry insights and senior management experience with an excellent track record. The company's total revenue amounted to RMB6,527.5 million, RMB31,899.4 million, and RMB51,672.6 million (US$7,277.9 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, with a gross profit margin of 15.9%, 7.7%, and 13.3%, respectively. The company recorded a net loss of RMB4,514.3 million, RMB7,655.1 million, and RMB8,264.2 million (US$1,164.0 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. The company is a fast-growing BEV technology company. Through developing and offering next-generation premium BEVs and technology-driven solutions, the company aspires to lead the electrification, intelligentization, and innovation of the automobile industry. Since its inception, the company has focused on innovation and technological advancement in BEV architecture, hardware, software, and application of new technologies. The company's efforts are backed by strong in-house R&D capabilities, high operational flexibility, and a flat, efficient organizational structure. Together, these features enable fast product development, launch, and iteration, and a series of customer-oriented products and go-to-market strategies. Thus, the company is able to rapidly expand even with a limited operating history. • ZEEKR 001. With an unwavering commitment to the company's mission, the company released ZEEKR 001 in April 2021, a five-seater, cross-over hatchback vehicle model with superior performance and functionality. Targeting the premium BEV market, ZEEKR 001 is the company's first vehicle model and the world’s first mass-produced pure electric shooting brake, according to Frost & Sullivan. ZEEKR 001 is also the first mass-produced BEV model with over $1,000 km CLTC range, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company began the delivery of ZEEKR 001 in October 2021. In February 2024, the company released an upgraded model of ZEEKR 001 (2024 model). The company's total revenue amounted to RMB6,527.5 million, RMB31,899.4 million, and RMB51,672.6 million (US$7,277.9 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, with a gross profit margin of 15.9%, 7.7%, and 13.3%, respectively. The company recorded a net loss of RMB4,514.3 million, RMB7,655.1 million, and RMB8,264.2 million (US$1,164.0 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. The company is a fast-growing BEV technology company. Through developing and offering next-generation premium BEVs and technology-driven solutions, the company aspires to lead the electrification, intelligentization, and innovation of the automobile industry. Since its inception, the company has focused on innovation and technological advancement in BEV architecture, hardware, software, and application of new technologies. The company's efforts are backed by its strong in-house R&D capabilities, high operational flexibility, and flat, efficient organizational structure. Together, these features enable fast product development, launch, and iteration, and a series of customer-oriented products and go-to-market strategies. Thus, the company is able to rapidly expand even with a limited operating history. • ZEEKR 001. With an unwavering commitment to its mission, the company released ZEEKR 001 in April 2021, a five-seater, cross-over hatchback vehicle model with superior performance and functionality. Targeting the premium BEV market, ZEEKR 001 is the company's first vehicle model and the world’s first mass-produced pure electric shooting brake, according to Frost & Sullivan. ZEEKR 001 is also the first mass-produced BEV model with over $1,000 km CLTC range, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company began the delivery of ZEEKR 001 in October 2021. In February 2024, the company released an upgraded model of ZEEKR 001 (2024 model). The company is strategically focused on the design, engineering, development, and sales of premium battery electric vehicles (BEVs) featuring cutting-edge technology, drivability, and user experience. The company leverages extensive research and development capabilities, deep industry know-how, and synergies with Geely Group to tap into China’s massive, fast-growing premium BEV segment with great market potential. According to Frost & Sullivan, the sales volume of premium BEVs in China is expected to increase from 666.4 thousand units in 2024 to 2,607.6 thousand units in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 40.6%. For details of the growth trend of premium BEV sales in China, see “Industry Overview — China NEV and BEV Market Overview.” In 2021, the company released and started to deliver the ZEEKR 001, its first mass-produced premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) model. The company released an upgraded version of the ZEEKR 001 (2024 model) in February 2024 and started vehicle delivery in March 2024. In November 2022, the company launched its second vehicle model, the ZEEKR 009, and started delivery in January 2023. In April 2023, the company released the ZEEKR X, its compact SUV model, and began to deliver the ZEEKR X in June 2023. The company also started to deliver the ZEEKR 001 FR in November 2023. In January 2024, the company started to deliver its first upscale sedan model. Going forward, the company plans to offer an expanded product portfolio to meet varied customer demands and preferences. For instance, the company plans to launch vehicles for next-generation mobility lifestyles. The company is strategically focused on the design, engineering, development, and sales of premium battery electric vehicles (BEVs) featuring cutting-edge technology, drivability, and user experience. The company leverages extensive research and development capabilities, deep industry know-how, and synergies with Geely Group to tap into China’s massive, fast-growing premium BEV segment with great market potential. According to Frost & Sullivan, the sales volume of premium BEVs in China is expected to increase from 666.4 thousand units in 2024 to 2,607.6 thousand units in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 40.6%. For details of the growth trend of premium BEV sales in China, see “Industry Overview — China NEV and BEV Market Overview.” In 2021, the company released and started to deliver the ZEEKR 001, its first mass-produced premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) model. The company released an upgraded version of the ZEEKR 001 (2024 model) in February 2024 and started vehicle delivery in March 2024. In November 2022, the company launched its second vehicle model, the ZEEKR 009, and started delivery in January 2023. In April 2023, the company released the ZEEKR X, its compact SUV model, and began to deliver the ZEEKR X in June 2023. The company also started to deliver the ZEEKR 001 FR in November 2023. In January 2024, the company started to deliver its first upscale sedan model. Going forward, the company plans to offer an expanded product portfolio to meet varied customer demands and preferences. For instance, the company plans to launch vehicles for next generation mobility lifestyle. The company is strategically focused on the design, engineering, development, and sales of premium battery electric vehicles (BEVs) featuring cutting-edge technology, drivability, and user experience. The company leverages extensive research and development (R&D) capabilities, deep industry know-how, and synergies with Geely Group to tap into China’s massive, fast-growing premium BEV segment with great market potential. According to Frost & Sullivan, the sales volume of premium BEVs in China is expected to increase from 666.4 thousand units in 2024 to 2,607.6 thousand units in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 40.6%. For details of the growth trend of premium BEV sales in China, see “Industry Overview — China NEV and BEV Market Overview.” In 2021, the company released and started to deliver ZEEKR 001, its first mass-produced premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) model. The company released an upgraded version of ZEEKR 001 (2024 model) in February 2024 and started vehicle delivery in March 2024. In November 2022, the company launched its second vehicle model, ZEEKR 009, and started delivery in January 2023. In April 2023, the company released ZEEKR X, its compact SUV model, and began to deliver ZEEKR X in June 2023. The company also started to deliver ZEEKR 001 FR in November 2023. In January 2024, the company started to deliver its first upscale sedan model. Going forward, the company plans to offer an expanded product portfolio to meet varied customer demands and preferences. For instance, the company plans to launch vehicles for next generation mobility lifestyle. The company is a market player with a China focus and global aspirations. Company is a fast-growing BEV technology company. Through developing and offering next-generation premium BEVs and technology-driven solutions, company aspires to lead the electrification, intelligentization, and innovation of the automobile industry. Since its inception, company has focused on innovation in BEV architecture, hardware, software, and application of new technologies. Company's efforts are backed by strong in-house R&D capabilities, a deep understanding of products, high operational flexibility, and a flat, efficient organizational structure. Together, these features enable fast product development, launch, and iteration, as well as a series of customer-oriented products and go-to-market strategies. Thus, company is able to rapidly expand even with a limited operating history. Company strategically spearheaded the premium intelligent BEV market with unique positioning, featuring a strong sense of technology, in-house R&D capabilities, stylish design, high-caliber performance, and a premium user experience. Company's current product portfolio primarily includes ZEEKR 001, ZEEKR 001 FR, ZEEKR 009, ZEEKR X, and an upscale sedan model. • ZEEKR 001. With an unwavering commitment to its mission, company released ZEEKR 001 in April 2021, a five-seater, cross-over hatchback vehicle model with superior performance and functionality. Targeting the premium BEV market, ZEEKR 001 is company's first vehicle model and the world’s first mass-produced pure electric shooting brake, according to Frost & Sullivan. ZEEKR 001 is also the first mass-produced BEV model with over $1,000 km CLTC range, according to Frost & Sullivan. Company began the delivery of ZEEKR 001 in October 2021. In February 2024, company released an upgraded model of ZEEKR 001, or ZEEKR 001 (2024 model). The company started to deliver ZEEKR 001 (2024 model) in March 2024. In October 2023, the company released ZEEKR 001 FR, its cross-over hatchback vehicle model based on ZEEKR 001. Featuring unique exterior and interior design and proprietary technologies, ZEEKR 001 FR is designed to offer outstanding vehicle performance with various driving modes. The company started to deliver ZEEKR 001 FR in November 2023. • ZEEKR 009. In November 2022, the company launched its second model, ZEEKR 009, a luxury six-seater MPV model providing a comfortable, ultra-luxury mobility experience for both families and business uses. ZEEKR 009 is the world’s first premium MPV based on a pure-electric platform, according to Frost & Sullivan. ZEEKR 009 has enjoyed wide popularity since launch, and the company started to deliver ZEEKR 009 to its customers in January 2023. In April 2024, the company launched ZEEKR 009 Grand, a luxury version of ZEEKR 009 featuring enhanced safety, privacy, and intelligence. The company also released ZEEKR MIX, its MPV model, in the same month. • ZEEKR X. In April 2023, the company released ZEEKR X, its compact SUV model featuring spacious interior design, advanced technology, and superior driving performance. The company began to deliver ZEEKR X in June 2023. • ZEEKR Upscale Sedan Model. In November 2023, the company launched its first upscale sedan model targeting tech-savvy adults and families. Powered by 800V architecture and multi-link suspension. structure, the company's upscale sedan model is expected to achieve a $2.84 ~ 0.100 km/h acceleration and a 688 km maximum CLTC range. The company started to deliver ZEEKR 001 (2024 model) in March 2024. In October 2023, the company released ZEEKR 001 FR, its cross-over hatchback vehicle model based on ZEEKR 001. Featuring unique exterior and interior design and the company's proprietary technologies, ZEEKR 001 FR is designed to offer outstanding vehicle performance with various driving modes. The company started to deliver ZEEKR 001 FR in November 2023. • ZEEKR 009. In November 2022, the company launched its second model, ZEEKR 009, a luxury six-seater MPV model providing a comfortable, ultra-luxury mobility experience for both families and business uses. ZEEKR 009 is the world’s first premium MPV based on a pure-electric platform, according to Frost & Sullivan. ZEEKR 009 has enjoyed wide popularity since launch, and the company started to deliver ZEEKR 009 to its customers in January 2023. In April 2024, the company launched ZEEKR 009 Grand, a luxury version of ZEEKR 009 featuring enhanced safety, privacy, and intelligence. The company also released ZEEKR MIX, its MPV model, in the same month. • ZEEKR X. In April 2023, the company released ZEEKR X, its compact SUV model featuring spacious interior design, advanced technology, and superior driving performance. The company began to deliver ZEEKR X in June 2023. • ZEEKR Upscale Sedan Model. In November 2023, the company launched its first upscale sedan model targeting tech-savvy adults and families. Powered by 800V architecture and multi-link suspension structure, the company's upscale sedan model is expected to achieve a $2.84 s 0-100 km/h acceleration and a $688 km maximum CLTC range. The company is strategically focused on the design, engineering, development, and sales of premium battery electric vehicles (BEVs) featuring cutting-edge technology, drivability, and user experience. The company leverages extensive research and development (R&D) capabilities, deep industry know-how, and synergies with Geely Group to tap into China’s massive, fast-growing premium BEV segment with great market potential. According to Frost & Sullivan, the sales volume of premium BEVs in China is expected to increase from 666.4 thousand units in 2024 to 2,607.6 thousand units in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 40.6%. For details of the growth trend of premium BEV sales in China, see “Industry Overview — China NEV and BEV Market Overview.” In 2021, the company released and started to deliver the ZEEKR 001, its first mass-produced premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) model. The company released an upgraded version of the ZEEKR 001 (2024 model) in February 2024 and started vehicle delivery in March 2024. In November 2022, the company launched its second vehicle model, the ZEEKR 009, and started delivery in January 2023. In April 2023, the company released the ZEEKR X, its compact SUV model, and began to deliver the ZEEKR X in June 2023. The company also started to deliver the ZEEKR 001 FR in November 2023. In January 2024, the company started to deliver its first upscale sedan model. Going forward, the company plans to offer an expanded product portfolio to meet varied customer demands and preferences. For instance, the company plans to launch vehicles for next generation mobility lifestyle.
For example, the number of research and development projects that reached customer acceptance and payment stage in the first quarter of 2024 was less than that of the fourth quarter of 2023, which is expected to cause a significant quarter-over-quarter decrease in revenue generated from research and development services and other services as well as the gross profit in relation to the company's research and development services and other services in the first quarter of 2024. Besides the company's in-house expertise, the company also relies on certain technologies of its suppliers to enhance the performance of its battery electric vehicles (BEVs). In particular, the company does not manufacture battery cells or semiconductors, which makes the company dependent upon suppliers for the relevant technologies. There can be no assurance that the company will be able to equip its BEVs with the latest technologies. As technologies change, the company plans to upgrade its existing models and introduce new models in order to provide its BEVs with the latest technologies, including battery cells and semiconductors, which could involve substantial costs and lower the company's return on investment for existing models. Even if the company is able to keep pace with changes in technologies and develop new models, its prior models could become obsolete more quickly than expected, potentially reducing the company's return on investment. The company's total revenue amounted to RMB6,527.5 million, RMB31,899.4 million, and RMB51,672.6 million (US$7,277.9 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, with a gross profit margin of 15.9%, 7.7%, and 13.3%, respectively. The company recorded a net loss of RMB4,514.3 million, RMB7,655.1 million, and RMB8,264.2 million (US$1,164.0 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. The company is a fast-growing BEV technology company. Through developing and offering next-generation premium BEVs and technology-driven solutions, the company aspires to lead the electrification, intelligentization, and innovation of the automobile industry. Since its inception, the company has focused on innovation and technological advancement in BEV architecture, hardware, software, and application of new technologies. The company's efforts are backed by strong in-house R&D capabilities, high operational flexibility, and a flat, efficient organizational structure. Together, these features enable fast product development, launch, and iteration, and a series of customer-oriented products and go-to-market strategies. Thus, the company is able to rapidly expand even with a limited operating history. As a testament to the popularity of the company's current vehicle models and its capabilities, the company has achieved a total delivery of 10,000 units of the ZEEKR 001 in less than four months after the initial delivery, which, according to Frost & Sullivan, is one of the fastest among the major mid- to high-end new energy vehicle (NEV) models and premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) models in China. In October 2022, the company delivered 10,119 units of the ZEEKR 001 to the market, making it the first pure-electric premium vehicle model manufactured by a Chinese BEV brand with over. The company's total revenue amounted to RMB6,527.5 million, RMB31,899.4 million, and RMB51,672.6 million (US$7,277.9 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, with a gross profit margin of 15.9%, 7.7%, and 13.3%, respectively. The company recorded a net loss of RMB4,514.3 million, RMB7,655.1 million, and RMB8,264.2 million (US$1,164.0 million) in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. The company is a fast-growing BEV technology company. Through developing and offering next-generation premium BEVs and technology-driven solutions, the company aspires to lead the electrification, intelligentization, and innovation of the automobile industry. Since its inception, the company has focused on innovation and technological advancement in BEV architecture, hardware, software, and application of new technologies. The company's efforts are backed by strong in-house R&D capabilities, high operational flexibility, and a flat, efficient organizational structure. Together, these features enable fast product development, launch, and iteration, as well as a series of customer-oriented products and go-to-market strategies. Thus, the company is able to rapidly expand even with a limited operating history. As a testament to the popularity of the company's current vehicle models and its capabilities, the company has achieved a total delivery of 10,000 units of the ZEEKR 001 in less than four months after the initial delivery, which, according to Frost & Sullivan, is one of the fastest among the major mid- to high-end new energy vehicle (NEV) models and premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) models in China. In October 2022, the company delivered 10,119 units of the ZEEKR 001 to the market, making it the first pure-electric premium vehicle model manufactured by a Chinese BEV brand with over. [Table Level]
- Table Title: Loss per Share Analysis for the Years Ended December 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024
- Table Summary: This table presents the financial outcomes related to the company's net loss per share for the fiscal years 2022, 2023, and 2024. It details figures for net losses from consolidated entities, net income attributable to non-controlling interests, and the net losses attributable to ordinary shareholders. Additionally, it demonstrates the weighted average number of shares and calculates both basic and diluted net loss per share.
- Context: The context discusses significant financial activities of the Group, including related party transactions and loans, along with their completion and outstanding balances. It also explains the net loss from consolidated entities and provides background on excluded share units and preferred shares affecting net loss per share calculations.
- Special Notes: The amounts are presented in thousands; share data and per share data use specific formatting. The negative values indicate net losses.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In 2022, the net loss from consolidated entities amounted to RMB 7,651,854, which increased to RMB 8,264,191 in 2023, and then decreased to RMB 5,790,649 in 2024.
Row 2: Net income attributable to Ningbo Viridi as a non-controlling interest (NCI) was RMB 278,633 in 2022, then reduced to RMB 82,789 in 2023, and increased significantly to RMB 632,921 in 2024.
Row 3: The net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the company was recorded as RMB 7,930,487 in 2022, increased to RMB 8,346,980 in 2023, and reduced to RMB 6,423,570 in 2024.
Row 4: The weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding, both basic and diluted, remained constant at 2,000,000,000 shares in 2022 and 2023, increasing to 2,353,015,830 shares by 2024.
Row 5: The basic net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders of the company was RMB (3.97) in 2022, increased to RMB (4.17) in 2023, and then improved to RMB (2.73) in 2024.
Row 6: Similarly, the diluted net loss per share for ordinary shareholders of the company mirrored the basic calculation: RMB (3.97) in 2022, rising to RMB (4.17) in 2023, and decreasing to RMB (2.73) in 2024. Net loss from consolidated entities represents the net loss generated by each entity acquired as part of the company's Reorganization since the dates of their respective acquisitions. [Table Level]
- Table Title: Company Vehicle Delivery Volumes by Month
- Table Summary: This table presents the delivery volumes of company vehicles on a monthly basis from January 2024 to February 2025. It highlights the scaling production capability and growing market reach of the company brand during this time frame.
- Context: The context before the table emphasizes company's premium brand image, technological capabilities, and the strategic expansion into the international market, along with insights into the overall delivery achievements up to December 2024. After the table, specific vehicle brands contributing to delivery numbers, including the acquisition of Lynk & Co, are discussed.
- Special Notes: The delivery figure for February 2025 includes 14,039 company vehicles and 17,238 Lynk & Co vehicles following the acquisition of Lynk & Co.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In February 2025, the delivery volume was 31,277 units.
Row 2: In January 2025, the delivery volume was 11,942 units.
Row 3: In December 2024, the delivery volume was 27,190 units.
Row 4: In November 2024, the delivery volume was 27,011 units.
Row 5: In October 2024, the delivery volume was 25,049 units.
Row 6: In September 2024, the delivery volume was 21,333 units.
Row 7: In August 2024, the delivery volume was 18,015 units.
Row 8: In July 2024, the delivery volume was 15,655 units.
Row 9: In June 2024, the delivery volume was 20,106 units.
Row 10: In May 2024, the delivery volume was 18,616 units.
Row 11: In April 2024, the delivery volume was 16,089 units.
Row 12: In March 2024, the delivery volume was 13,012 units.
Row 13: In February 2024, the delivery volume was 7,510 units.
Row 14: In January 2024, the delivery volume was 12,537 units. Including 14,039 company brand vehicles and 17,238 Lynk & Co brand vehicles following the completion of the Lynk & Co acquisition in February 2025. [Table Level]
- Table Title: Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2024
- Table Summary: This table presents the consolidated balance sheets for company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited, detailing the accounting figures as of December 31, 2023, and 2024 in RMB, with an additional column converting 2024 figures into USD. It reflects current liabilities and shareholder's deficit with various financial data points compared across the two years.
- Context: The data comes from company's combined and consolidated financial statements, with amounts given in thousands, except for share and per share data. This table is part of a broader financial summary covering multiple years of operation.
- Special Notes: The currency in the table switches from RMB for 2023 and 2024 to USD for 2024, with a note (Note 2(d)) for further clarification.

[Row Level]
Row 1: As of December 31, 2024, company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited had RMB 30,300 and the equivalent of USD 4,151 in this specific financial line item. There is no corresponding figure for December 31, 2023.
Row 2: The line item recorded RMB 4,104,717 for 2023 and slightly decreased to RMB 4,072,312 in 2024. In USD, this amount was 557,904 for 2024.
Row 3: In 2023, company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited reported RMB 5,504,945, which significantly increased to RMB 12,990,599 in 2024. The corresponding amount in USD for 2024 was 1,779,705.
Row 4: For 2023, the account held RMB 16,355,902, whereas in 2024, it reported a decrease to RMB 14,509,628. The USD equivalent for 2024 was 1,987,811.
Row 5: RMB 108,083 was noted in 2023, and this amount reduced to RMB 60,856 in 2024. The equivalent in USD for 2024 was 8,337.
Row 6: As of December 31, 2023, an amount of RMB 6,243,956 was recorded, increasing to RMB 8,478,772 in 2024, with the USD equivalent being 1,161,587.
Row 7: The total for these line items for 2023 was RMB 32,317,603, rising to RMB 40,142,467 in 2024, with the USD figure for 2024 being 5,499,495.
Row 8: There was no figure for 2023, but 2024 recorded RMB 414,180 and USD 56,742 in this line item.
Row 9: The 2023 value was RMB 1,807,159, reduced to RMB 1,491,486 in 2024. This amount in USD for 2024 was 204,333.
Row 10: An amount of RMB 1,100,000 was listed for 2023, with no corresponding 2024 or USD equivalent.
Row 11: The line item read RMB 563,001 in 2023, increasing to RMB 718,164 in 2024, with the USD equivalent being 98,388.
Row 12: In 2023, the figure was RMB 8,337, and it rose to RMB 57,252 in 2024. The USD equivalent was 7,843 for 2024.
Row 13: The total for these line items was RMB 3,478,497 for 2023, decreasing to RMB 2,681,082 in 2024, with the USD for 2024 equating to 367,306.
Row 14: The grand total for all items was RMB 35,796,100 in 2023, increasing to RMB 42,823,549 in 2024, with the USD equivalent for 2024 being 5,866,801. ```
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``` The company's gross profit from the ZTE segment increased from RMB265.1 million to RMB501.7 million (US$68.7 million), and the gross profit margin increased from 11.7% to 21.3% in 2023 and 2024, respectively. The increase in both gross profit and gross profit margin can be attributed to the increased sales of research and development services to related parties. The company is a market player with a China focus and global aspirations. Currently, the company mainly markets and sells its products in China, the largest BEV market globally in 2023, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company has started to deliver the ZEEKR 001 in Europe in December 2023. In the future, the company also plans to supply vehicles for the Waymo One Fleet in the United States. For details of the company's plan to increase its global footprint, see “— Our Growth Strategies.” As of December 31, 2023, the company delivered a total of 196,633 ZEEKR vehicles since the company's first vehicle delivery in October 2021, including 192,441 delivered in China. This is among the fastest delivery growth in the premium BEV market in China, according to Frost & Sullivan. [Table Level]
- Table Title: Monthly Delivery Volumes of Company Vehicles
- Table Summary: This table presents the monthly delivery volumes of company vehicles from January 2023 to April 2024. It showcases the steady growth and fluctuations in the number of vehicles delivered each month, highlighting significant deliveries within the premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) market.
- Context: The table follows a description of the company's rapid growth in vehicle deliveries, particularly in China, where the company significantly impacts the premium BEV market. The context emphasizes the company's success and plans for future expansions in Europe and the United States.
- Special Notes: Delivery volumes are measured in units. The information reflects the company's position as a fast-growing company in the BEV sector.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In April 2024, the company delivered 16,089 vehicles, marking one of the highest monthly delivery volumes in the time period shown.
Row 2: March 2024 saw a delivery of 13,012 company vehicles.
Row 3: February 2024 had a delivery volume of 7,510 company vehicles.
Row 4: In January 2024, the company delivered 12,537 vehicles.
Row 5: December 2023 recorded a delivery of 13,476 company vehicles.
Row 6: During November 2023, the company delivered 13,104 vehicles.
Row 7: October 2023 deliveries totaled 13,077 company vehicles.
Row 8: The company delivered 12,053 vehicles in September 2023.
Row 9: August 2023 saw a delivery of 12,303 company vehicles.
Row 10: In July 2023, 12,039 company vehicles were delivered.
Row 11: The delivery volume in June 2023 was 10,620 company vehicles.
Row 12: May 2023 observed a delivery of 8,678 company vehicles.
Row 13: April 2023 had a delivery of 8,101 company vehicles.
Row 14: During March 2023, the company delivered 6,663 vehicles.
Row 15: February 2023 recorded a delivery of 5,455 company vehicles.
Row 16: In January 2023, the company delivered 3,116 vehicles. The company is a market player with a China focus and global aspirations. Currently, the company mainly markets and sells its products in China, the largest BEV market globally in 2023, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company has started to deliver the ZEEKR 001 in Europe in December 2023. In the future, the company also plans to supply vehicles for the Waymo One Fleet in the United States. For details of the company's plan to increase its global footprint, see “— Our Growth Strategies.” As of December 31, 2023, the company delivered a total of 196,633 ZEEKR vehicles since the first vehicle delivery in October 2021, including 192,441 delivered in China. This is among the fastest delivery growth in the premium battery electric vehicle (BEV) market in China, according to Frost & Sullivan. [Table Level]
- Table Title: Monthly BEV Delivery Volumes for company 001
- Table Summary: The table lists the monthly delivery volumes for the company 001 electric vehicle in units, covering the period from January 2023 to February 2024. It reflects the consistent delivery performance and increasing global aspirations for company's market expansion.
- Context: The surrounding context discusses company's focus on the Chinese market with plans for expansion in Europe and the United States, highlighting the company's growth strategy and premium branding of the company 001 model.
- Special Notes: Delivery volumes are presented in units without additional footnotes. The deliveries reflect a history of rapid growth in the BEV market.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In February 2024, company 001 reached a delivery volume of 7,510 units.
Row 2: January 2024 saw a delivery volume of 12,537 units for company 001.
Row 3: December 2023 experienced a delivery volume of 13,476 units, showcasing sustained growth.
Row 4: During November 2023, the delivery volume for company 001 was noted at 13,104 units.
Row 5: October 2023 marked a delivery volume of 13,077 units for company 001.
Row 6: In September 2023, company 001 recorded a delivery volume of 12,053 units.
Row 7: August 2023 had a delivery volume of 12,303 units for the company 001.
Row 8: July 2023's delivery volume for the company 001 stood at 12,039 units.
Row 9: June 2023 showed a delivery figure of 10,620 units for company 001.
Row 10: In May 2023, the delivery volume reached 8,678 units for company 001.
Row 11: April 2023 accounted for a delivery volume of 8,101 units of company 001.
Row 12: March 2023 registered a delivery volume of 6,663 units for company 001.
Row 13: February 2023 documented a delivery volume of 5,455 units for company 001.
Row 14: January 2023 started with a delivery volume of 3,116 units for company 001. Currently, the company mainly markets and sells its products in China, the largest BEV market globally in 2023, according to Frost & Sullivan. The company has started to deliver ZEEKR 001 in Europe in December 2023. In the future, the company also plans to supply vehicles for the Waymo One Fleet in the United States. For details of the company's plan to increase its global footprint, see “— Our Growth Strategies.” As of December 31, 2023, the company delivered a total of 196,633 ZEEKR vehicles since the first vehicle delivery in October 2021, including 192,441 delivered in China. This is among the fastest delivery growth in the premium BEV market in China, according to Frost & Sullivan. [Table Level]
- Table Title: Vehicle Delivery Volumes
- Table Summary: The table lists the monthly delivery volumes of vehicles over a span of two years—2023 and the beginning of 2024. It highlights the progression of delivery volumes, giving insights into the company's growth in vehicle distribution.
- Context: The company is focused on expanding its global footprint, with significant deliveries in China, the largest BEV market. The company has started delivering vehicles in Europe and plans further expansion in the United States.
- Special Notes: Delivery volumes are presented in units. 2024 figures show data only until March.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In March 2024, the company delivered 13,012 units of its vehicles.
Row 2: February 2024 saw a delivery volume of 7,510 units.
Row 3: January 2024 registered a delivery of 12,537 units.
Row 4: During December 2023, the company achieved its highest delivery volume for that year with 13,476 units.
Row 5: November 2023 experienced a delivery volume of 13,104 units.
Row 6: In October 2023, the company's delivery volume was 13,077 units, coinciding with a notable milestone of delivering over 10,000 units in a month.
Row 7: September 2023 had a delivery volume of 12,053 units.
Row 8: August 2023 deliveries amounted to 12,303 units.
Row 9: In July 2023, the company delivered 12,039 units.
Row 10: June 2023 recorded deliveries totaling 10,620 units.
Row 11: For May 2023, the company's delivery volume was 8,678 units.
Row 12: April 2023 saw deliveries of 8,101 units.
Row 13: March 2023 had a delivery volume of 6,663 units.
Row 14: February 2023 recorded deliveries of 5,455 units.
Row 15: The delivery volume in January 2023 was 3,116 units. The company began the delivery of its first upscale sedan model in January 2024. The company's current and future BEV models will define its success. Going forward, the company plans to capture the extensive potential of the premium BEV market globally through an expanding portfolio of vehicles. For instance, the company plans to launch vehicles for the next generation of mobility lifestyle. Through these future models, the company intends to provide premium mobility solutions of innovation, comfort, and intelligence, as well as a spacious and luxurious high-tech experience with enhanced performance. As a testament to the popularity of the company's current products and capabilities, the company has achieved a total delivery of 10,000 units of ZEEKR 001 in less than four months after the initial delivery, which, according to Frost & Sullivan, is one of the fastest among the major mid- to high-end NEV models and premium BEV models in China. In October 2022, the company delivered 10,119 units of ZEEKR 001 to the market, making it the first pure-electric premium vehicle model manufactured by a Chinese BEV brand with over 10,000 units of single-month delivery volume, according to Frost & Sullivan. As of December 31, 2023, the company delivered a total of 196,633 ZEEKR vehicles since the first vehicle delivery in October 2021, including 192,441 delivered in China. This is among the fastest delivery growth in the premium BEV market in China, according to Frost & Sullivan. In addition to company, Mr. An has successfully established, developed, and operated both Geely and Lynk&Co, two well-established vehicle brands of Geely Group. company is guided by its customer-oriented principle to provide customers with service and experience in every aspect of their journey with the company. company adopts a customer-oriented direct-to-consumer (DTC) sales model with a focus on innovative and interactive engagement with its customers. company has established extensive customer touchpoints including 24 company Centers, 240 company Spaces, 31 company Delivery Centers, and 45 company Houses in China, and two company Centers overseas as of December 31, 2023. In addition, company closely interacts with customers by building an integrated online and offline customer community to provide a holistic experience that goes beyond the purchase of intelligent battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Within the company APP, customers can enjoy one-stop car purchase, charging solutions, financial services, roadside assistance, intelligent car control, online shopping of company lifestyle products, social interaction, and seamless communication with the customer services team. company also holds a variety of offline customer events to nurture a vibrant company user community. company's customer engagement efforts enable the company to better understand customer needs to be incorporated into future product design and continuously strengthen customer loyalty and stickiness. Underpinned by company's superior capability in supply chain and manufacturing planning and management, the company is also able to offer a wide range of customized options in terms of vehicle designs and functionalities, which are highly appreciated by its customers. The company began the delivery of its first upscale sedan model in January 2024. As a testament to the popularity of the company's current vehicle models and the company's capabilities, the company has achieved a total delivery of 10,000 units of ZEEKR 001 in less than four months after the initial delivery, which, according to Frost & Sullivan, is one of the fastest among the major mid- to high-end new energy vehicle models. premium BEV models in China. In October 2022, the company delivered 10,119 units of ZEEKR 001 to the market, making it the first pure-electric premium vehicle model manufactured by a Chinese BEV brand with over 10,000 units of single-month delivery volume, according to Frost & Sullivan. As of December 31, 2023, the company delivered a total of 196,633 ZEEKR vehicles since the first vehicle delivery in October 2021, including 192,441 delivered in China. This is among the fastest delivery growth in the premium BEV market in China, according to Frost & Sullivan. As a premium BEV brand incubated by Geely Group, the company inherits unique competitive edges from Geely Group that are developed through years of execution experience at the frontier of the industry, such as innovative and agile engineering capabilities, robust R&D capabilities, deep industry expertise, extreme attention to safety, top-notch professionals, strong supply chain and manufacturing management capabilities, and operational know-how. Geely Group’s powerful and world-class brand equity also echoes product innovation, performance, and reliability in its broad customer base, which, in turn, contributes to the significant consumer interest and demand for the ZEEKR brand. These competitive advantages enable the company to quickly incorporate customer needs and concepts into its products and manage the complex operation process to achieve the fast ramp-up of production and deliveries. The company also leverages Geely Group’s advanced and well-established manufacturing capacity, which helps retain effective oversight over key steps in procurement, manufacturing, and product quality control with minimal capital outlay. At the same time, the company's BEVs are manufactured at the ZEEKR Factory, the Chengdu Factory, and the Meishan Factory, which are owned and operated by Geely Group, and Geely Holding was the company's largest supplier for 2022 and 2023. Furthermore, before the launch of ZEEKR 001, a significant portion of the company's revenue has historically been derived from sales of batteries and other components and research and development services to Geely Group. The company has strong in-house technological capabilities focusing on electrification and intelligentization. The company's in-house design, engineering, and R&D enable it to achieve high product development efficiency and rapid product iteration, as well as to provide engineering services to external parties. In particular, the company's in-house capabilities are also supported by (i) the Sweden-based R&D center CEVT in the research and development of intelligent mobility solutions, and (ii) Ningbo Viridi, the company's PRC subsidiary focused on products and systems relating to batteries, motors, electric control, power solutions, and energy storage. Leveraging the company's in-house E/E Architecture design and operating system, ZEEKR OS, the company continuously updates its BEV functions through effective and efficient FOTA. Balance as of January 1, 2023  
Issuance of preferred shares  
Net loss  
Share-based compensation  
Foreign currency translation adjustment  
Balance as of December 31, 2023 [Table Level]
- Table Title: company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited - Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Deficit for the Year Ended December 31, 2023
- Table Summary: This table outlines the changes in shareholders' deficit for company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited for the year ending December 31, 2023. Key elements include share counts, amounts in RMB for ordinary and preferred shares, additional paid-in capital, accumulated deficit, other comprehensive income, and portions attributed to non-controlling interest.
- Context: The statements presented are integral parts of combined and consolidated financial information, focusing on changes in shareholders’ deficit. Yearly adjustments are captured in this table, contributing to a comprehensive financial overview.
- Special Notes: All financial data is presented in RMB and amounts are stated in thousands. Footnotes specify that details such as share counts and per share data are exceptions to this notation.

[Row Level]
Row 1: As of January 1, 2023, company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited started with 2,000,000,000 ordinary shares valued at 2,584 RMB, and 126,470,585 preferred shares valued at 162 RMB. The additional paid-in capital recorded was 5,705,305 RMB, and the accumulated deficit stood at 12,518,706 RMB. Accumulated other comprehensive loss was 32,210 RMB. company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited's overall deficit was reported as 6,842,865 RMB, while non-controlling interest amounted to 869,998 RMB, culminating in a total shareholders' deficit of 5,972,867 RMB.

Row 2: During the year, preferred shares were further issued, increasing count by 139,375,669 shares leading to an RMB increase of 200, while additional paid-in capital was adjusted to reflect a deduction of 5,372,844 RMB. Accumulated deficit was further adjusted, decreasing by 8,346,980 RMB. Total company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited's deficit was adjusted to show a decrease of 8,346,980 RMB and non-controlling interest increased by 82,789 RMB, affecting total shareholders’ deficit to a decrease of 8,264,191 RMB.

Row 3: Adjustments included an additional increase in paid-in capital by 135,649 RMB, with corresponding improvements to the overall deficit by the same amount. Accumulated comprehensive income increased by 49,765 RMB, improving the overall total company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited's deficit by this amount. Non-controlling interest did not change during this adjustment period. Total shareholders’ deficit was improved further by 135,649 RMB.

Row 4: At table's end on December 31, 2023, the ordinary share count remained at 2,000,000,000 continuing with an evaluation of 2,584 RMB. Preferred share count ended at 265,846,254 with a final valuation of 362 RMB. The total additional paid-in capital finalized at 11,213,798 RMB, while accumulated deficit reached 20,865,686 RMB. Accumulated other comprehensive income settled at 17,555 RMB. company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited's company deficit totaled 9,631,387 RMB, with non-controlling interest at 952,787 RMB. The cumulative total shareholders' deficit ended at 8,678,600 RMB. [Table Level]  
- Table Title: Changes in Shareholders' Deficit for company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited  
- Table Summary: The table details the changes in the shareholders' deficit for company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited over the year ending December 31, 2024. It provides information on ordinary shares, preferred shares, treasury shares, additional paid-in capital, accumulated deficit, and shareholder interests, among other metrics. The data illustrates adjustments due to share issuance, conversion, net losses, and other compensatory actions.  
- Context: This table continues from prior statements outlining changes in shareholders' deficit for company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited from the start of 2024. It is accompanied by notes that are part of company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited's consolidated financial statements and precedes similar financial statements for cash flows through 2022 to 2024.  
- Special Notes: All financial amounts are presented in RMB and the amounts are listed in thousands, excluding share and per-share data. Specific financial transactions such as IPOs and currency adjustments are marked throughout.  

[Row Level]  
Row 1: As of January 1, 2024, there were 2,000,000,000 ordinary shares outstanding with a base value of RMB 2,584 and 265,846,254 preferred shares valued at RMB 362. The additional paid-in capital stood at RMB 11,213,798, with an accumulated deficit of RMB (20,865,686). The total shareholders' deficit amounted to RMB (8,678,600).  

Row 2: Following an initial public offering, 241,500,000 ordinary shares were issued, bringing in RMB 349, while incurring issuance costs of RMB 79,138. This transaction increased additional paid-in capital by RMB 3,464,995. The total company deficit decreased to RMB (9,631,387), and the total deficit shifted to RMB 3,465,344.  

Row 3: Upon the IPO consummation, 265,846,254 preferred shares were converted into ordinary shares, altering their value by RMB (362) each, thus eliminating their individual outstanding values in favor of the increased ordinary shares category.  

Row 4: An additional 45,555,414 shares were issued on vesting RSUs at RMB 66, contributing to the shares outstanding balance and maintaining the total shareholders' deficit at RMB 66.  

Row 5: A repurchase of 10,930,530 ordinary shares occurred without issuing preferred shares. This action resulted in an increase in treasury shares valued at RMB 10,930,530 and contributed RMB (186,812) to the accumulated deficit, while adjusting other values accordingly and leading to a notable deficit change to RMB (6,423,570).  

Row 6: Recorded net loss added a significant RMB (6,423,570) to the accumulated deficit, simultaneously reflecting the total shareholders' deficit as RMB (5,790,649).  

Row 7: Share-based compensation actions attributed an increase of RMB 1,078,296 to additional paid-in capital, yet maintained the current deficit figures and displayed a substantially unchanged position in shareholders’ deficit.  

Row 8: A foreign currency translation adjustment adjusted the accumulated other comprehensive income by RMB (40,474) while leaving total shareholder figures and other aspects largely unaffected or maintained.  

Final Row: As of December 31, 2024, 2,541,971,138 ordinary shares remain outstanding, valued at RMB 3,361 along with total treasury shares totaling 10,930,530 in number with RMB 10,930,530. This concluded the year with an additional paid-in capital recorded as RMB 15,757,089, while accumulated deficits sum to RMB (186,812), and total shareholders’ deficit now holds at RMB (10,152,829). [Table Level]
- Table Title: Cash Flows from Financing and Related Activities
- Table Summary: This table details the cash flows from various financing activities for company Intelligent Technology Holding Limited for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024. It includes proceeds and repayments from different financing sources and ends with the effects on cash, cash equivalents, and any associated restrictions. Supplementary disclosures are also included to highlight non-cash and financing activities.
- Context: Before the table, the context outlines adjustments for net cash from operating activities and briefly discusses cash flow from investing. The table details are part of the combined and consolidated statements of cash flows for company.
- Special Notes: The data is presented in thousands, and different currencies (RMB and USD) are used along with specific notes for certain lines, such as Note 2(d).

[Row Level]
Row 1: In 2024, proceeds from the initial public offering, net of issuance costs of RMB 79,138, amounted to RMB 3,465,344 or USD 474,750.
Row 2: Proceeds from the issuance of preferred shares, accounting for issuance costs of RMB 1,690, RMB 2,134, and nil in 2022, 2023, and 2024 respectively, were RMB 1,268,360 in 2022 and RMB 5,373,044 in 2023.
Row 3: Proceeds from short-term bank borrowings were RMB 147,000 in 2022, RMB 30,200 in 2024, which equals USD 4,137.
Row 4: Repayment of short-term bank borrowings totaled RMB 751,359 in 2022 and RMB 200 in 2024, equating to USD 27.
Row 5: In 2022, proceeds from long-term bank borrowings were RMB 972,042, while in 2024 they were RMB 414,480, or USD 56,784.
Row 6: Repayment of long-term bank borrowings stood at RMB 972,042 in 2022.
Row 7: There was a repurchase of ordinary shares amounting to RMB 186,746 in 2023 and USD 25,584 in 2024.
Row 8: Proceeds from related party loans were RMB 7,800,000 in 2022 and RMB 3,000,000 in 2023, totaling USD 410,998.
Row 9: Repayments of related party loans grew to RMB 5,375,727 in 2023, RMB 4,100,000 in 2024, or USD 561,698.
Row 10: Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities showed RMB 5,373,325 in 2022, a decrease of RMB 2,683 in 2023, and RMB 2,623,078 in 2024, equating to USD 359,360.
Row 11: There was a net decrease of RMB 157,219 in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash in 2022, an increase of RMB 313,898 in 2023, and RMB 4,898,448 in 2024, equivalent to USD 671,086.
Row 12: Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at the beginning of the year was RMB 3,897,966 in 2022, RMB 3,754,904 in 2023, and RMB 4,104,749 in 2024, translating to USD 562,348.
Row 13: The effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash resulted in RMB 14,157 in 2022, RMB 35,947 in 2023, while there was a decrease of RMB 41,545 in 2024, equaling USD 5,693.
Row 14: Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at the end of the year was RMB 3,754,904 in 2022, RMB 4,104,749 in 2023, RMB 8,961,652 in 2024, or USD 1,227,741.
Row 15: Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information includes cash paid for income tax which was RMB 80,342 in 2022, RMB 120,078 in 2023, RMB 494,699 in 2024, or USD 67,773.
Row 16: Interest paid stood at RMB 60,808 in 2022, RMB 209,571 in 2023, RMB 179,567 in 2024, equivalent to USD 24,601.
Row 17: Supplementary disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities highlights accrued purchases of property and equipment amounting to RMB 398,648 in 2022, RMB 497,651 in 2023, RMB 405,470 in 2024, or USD 55,549.
Row 18: Accrued purchases of intangible assets amounted to RMB 21,410 in 2024, or USD 2,933.
Row 19: Amounts due from related parties in connection with the disposal of property and equipment was RMB 122,115 in 2023. [Table Level]
- Table Title: China Premium BEV Sales Volume, 2018-2027E
- Table Summary: This table presents the sales volume of premium battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in China from 2018 to the estimated figures for 2027. It outlines the sales volumes in thousand units, elucidating a significant growth trend with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 120.4% from 2018-2022 and an estimated CAGR of 41.1% from 2023 to 2027.
- Context: The sales volume projections are part of a market analysis that indicates the premium BEV market in China will see fluctuating growth due to price adjustments impacting classification. Particularly, the market size in 2023 is expected to decline chiefly because the Tesla Model Y's price has dropped below the RMB 297,000 threshold, affecting its placement in the premium segment.
- Special Notes: Sales volumes are reported in thousand units. BEVs priced between RMB 297,000 and RMB 300,000 are considered premium due to pricing strategies. Predictions for 2023 and beyond are estimates.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In 2018, the sales volume of premium BEVs in China was 32.0 thousand units.
Row 2: In 2019, the sales volume increased to 71.3 thousand units, reflecting significant growth.
Row 3: The upward trend continued in 2020 with a sales volume of 107.3 thousand units.
Row 4: The year 2021 saw a marked increase to 366.4 thousand units, indicating rapid market expansion.
Row 5: In 2022, the sales volume further surged to 755.0 thousand units, abandoning the previous steady growth for a more accelerated pace.
Row 6: The estimated sales volume for 2023 is 598.8 thousand units, showing an anticipated decline due to market strategy impacts, such as the Tesla Model Y pricing adjustments.
Row 7: For 2024, it is estimated that sales will recover to 1,033.2 thousand units, continuing the growth trajectory.
Row 8: A projected sales volume of 1,422.1 thousand units is expected for 2025, sustaining upward momentum.
Row 9: In 2026, the sales volume is estimated to rise to 1,948.1 thousand units, further reflecting robust market potential.
Row 10: By 2027, sales are expected to reach 2,375.9 thousand units, confirming sustained growth in the premium BEV segment. [Table Level]
- Table Title: China Premium BEV Sales Volume Projection, 2017-2026E
- Table Summary: This table displays projected sales volumes in thousand units for premium battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in China from 2017 to 2026E, showcasing cumulative annual growth rates over two periods. The data illustrates a significant upward trend in premium BEV sales.
- Context: According to the surrounding context, premium BEVs are defined by minimum selling prices ranging from RMB297,000 to RMB300,000, classified as such despite being 1% below the typical premium threshold. This is derived from a Frost & Sullivan report.
- Special Notes: The table provides compound annual growth rates (CAGR) with values of 114.5% between 2017-2021 and a projected 32.1% for 2022E-2026E. The sales volumes are represented in thousand units.

[Row Level]
Row 1: In 2017, premium BEV sales volume was 17.3 thousand units, representing the baseline for future growth.
Row 2: Sales significantly increased in 2018 to 32.0 thousand units, indicating early trends of growth.
Row 3: By 2019, the sales volume rose further to 71.3 thousand units, accelerating the growth momentum.
Row 4: In 2020, sales reached 107.3 thousand units, nearly doubling the previous year's sales.
Row 5: The year 2021 saw sales soaring to 366.4 thousand units, underscoring a substantial leap linked to a 114.5% CAGR from 2017-2021.
Row 6: The projection for 2022E estimates sales at 622.5 thousand units, commencing a new growth phase with a CAGR of 32.1%.
Row 7: For 2023E, sales are projected to reach 858.5 thousand units, maintaining consistent growth.
Row 8: The sales volume is estimated to climb to 1,177.4 thousand units in 2024E.
Row 9: For 2025E, projected sales reach 1,509.0 thousand units, reflecting continued expansion in the premium BEV market.
Row 10: A further increase to 1,898.4 thousand units is anticipated by 2026E, demonstrating sustained growth until the end of the forecast period. It is unclear whether these challenges and uncertainties will be contained or resolved, and what effects they may have on global political and economic conditions in the long term. Economic conditions in China are sensitive to global economic conditions, changes in domestic economic and political policies, and the expected or perceived overall economic growth rate in China. While the economy in China has grown significantly over the past decades, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy, and the rate of growth has been slowing in recent years. Although growth of the People's Republic of China's economy remained relatively stable, there is a possibility that China’s economic growth may materially decline in the near future. Any prolonged slowdown in China’s economic development might lead to tighter credit markets, increased market volatility, sudden drops in business and consumer confidence, and dramatic changes in business and consumer behaviors. The potential adverse economic conditions may cause a significant impact on the company's ability to raise capital, if needed, on a timely basis and on acceptable terms or at all. Sales of high-end and luxury consumer products, such as the company's performance electric vehicles, depend in part on discretionary consumer spending and are even more exposed to adverse changes in general economic conditions. In response to their perceived uncertainty in economic conditions, consumers might delay, reduce, or cancel purchases of the company's electric vehicles, and the company's results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. It is unclear whether these challenges and uncertainties will be contained or resolved, and what effects they may have on the global political and economic conditions in the long term. Economic conditions in China are sensitive to global economic conditions, changes in domestic economic and political policies, and the expected or perceived overall economic growth rate in China. While the economy in China has grown significantly over the past decades, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy, and the rate of growth has been slowing in recent years. Although growth of the People's Republic of China's economy remained relatively stable, there is a possibility that China’s economic growth may materially decline in the near future. Any prolonged slowdown in China’s economic development might lead to tighter credit markets, increased market volatility, sudden drops in business and consumer confidence, and dramatic changes in business and consumer behaviors. The potential adverse economic conditions may cause a significant impact on the company's ability to raise capital, if needed, on a timely basis and on acceptable terms or at all. Sales of high-end and luxury consumer products, such as the company's performance electric vehicles, depend in part on discretionary consumer spending and are even more exposed to adverse changes in general economic conditions. In response to their perceived uncertainty in economic conditions, consumers might delay, reduce, or cancel purchases of the company's electric vehicles, and the company's results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. It is difficult to predict what further trade-related actions the United States or other governments may take, and the company may be unable to quickly and effectively react to or mitigate such actions. In addition, growth in popularity of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) without a corresponding and significant expansion in production capacity for semiconductor chips and battery cells could result in shortages and increased materials costs to the company. Any attempts by the company to increase its end product prices in response to supply interruptions could result in a decrease in sales and therefore materially and adversely affect the company's brand, image, business, prospects, and operating results. The company made capital expenditures of RMB919.5 million, RMB1,913.4 million, and RMB1,715.4 million in 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively. In these periods, the company's capital expenditures were used primarily for property, plant, and equipment, as well as facilities related to sales and marketing activities. Going forward, the company expects to make capital expenditures primarily on properties and manufacturing facilities related to Ningbo Viridi and leasehold improvements for retail stores. Other than what has been included in the capital commitments and contractual obligations discussed below, the company does not expect to incur material costs to accomplish these goals.