Datasets:
| image_file,crop,diagnosis,details,country,state | |
| images/00195.jpg,Pigeon Pea,Pod Borer; Boron Deficiency,"Redgram crop is at pod development stage - Water Soluble Fertilizers Spray Schedule: To boost crop yield & grain weight at, Maturity stage 00-00-50 / 13:00:45 @ 1 kg/ac + Boran 20% @ 2 gm /Litre of water use 150-200 Ltr per acre spray. | |
| Pod Borer: The larvae webs together the leaves, buds and pods and feeds inside these webs.caterpiller also bores into pods and eat up the ripening seeds. Pod borer or leaf eating caterpillar attack were reported, to control spray with insecticide like Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 1 ml/ 10 Ltr or Spinosad 45% SC @ 0.1 ml or Emamectin Benzoate 5% @ 7-8 gm / 15 Ltr of water for effective management of the pest.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00387.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,Upward curling and deformation of leaves. Stunted growth.,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00311.jpg,Mustard,Aphids,Colonies of aphids on the leaves and pods,India,Bihar | |
| images/00411.jpg,Cauliflower,Boron Deficiency,Smaller curds in cauliflower due to imbalance nutrient supply and deficiency of Boron can aggravate the condition.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00310.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,The symptoms are of typical Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV),India,Bihar | |
| images/00904.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Holes in the leaves, seems like shoot borer caterpillar and leaf eating caterpillar have eaten the leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00505.jpg,Cotton,Aphids,"The cotton crop is severely infested with Mites, leaves shows typical reddish brown spots, coalesce to form bigger patches, whole leaf is affected and drops, boll is of small size and affects quality as seen in the picture",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00541.jpg,Potato,Calcium Deficiency,"Younger leaves of Potato plants are small and curling upwards, typical symptoms of Calcium deficiency",India,Bihar | |
| images/00286.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,black spots below the leave surface,India,Bihar | |
| images/00034.jpg,Wheat,Nitrogen Deficiency,yellowing of leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00642.jpg,Pumpkin,Nitrogen Deficiency,yellowing of leaves,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00849.jpg,Tomato,Whiteflies,white flies,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00446.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,curling of leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00049.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"dark spots,and leaf miner",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00727.jpg,Potato,Calcium Deficiency,"Leaf tips deformed, margins of younger leaves burning appearance turning brownish",India,Bihar | |
| images/00181.jpg,Paddy,Blast,"Typical blast symptoms in Paddy, eye shaped spots with brown ring outside",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00056.jpg,Paddy,Potassium Deficiency,Dark green plants with yellowish Leaf tips and margins,India,Bihar | |
| images/00680.jpg,Guava,Phosphorus Deficiency,Leaves having dark to blue-green coloration on severe deficiency purple coloring of older leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00329.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,Leaf curl virus symptoms in chilli,India,Telangana | |
| images/00772.jpg,Potato,Phosphorus Deficiency,Potato leaves green with blue colored tinges on younger leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00054.jpg,Pea,Powdery Mildew,Powdery mildew issue in Pea crop,India,Bihar | |
| images/00513.jpg,Banana,Panama Wilt,Leaf spots coalesce to form yellowish brown leaves and then wilt,India,Odisha | |
| images/00180.jpg,Mustard,Downy Mildew,black die twigs,India,Bihar | |
| images/00575.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,leaf curl,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00638.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Initial stage of leaf curl virus, leaves started showing symptoms",India,Bihar | |
| images/00644.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,Mite infested in brinjal plants,India,Bihar | |
| images/00767.jpg,Mango,Mealybugs,Mealybug infested mango plants,India,Bihar | |
| images/00535.jpg,Potato,Phosphorus Deficiency,Dark green leaves of young potato plants are due to Phosphorus deficiency,India,Bihar | |
| images/00885.jpg,Cowpea,Aphids,"lesions on the leafs, and discoloration",India,Bihar | |
| images/00320.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,Powdery like substance above the leaf surfaces,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00795.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,curling of leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00475.jpg,Wheat,Phosphorus Deficiency,"Wheat Leaves turning deep green and bluish color , typical phosphorus deficiency symptoms.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00372.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Typical symptoms of Fall Armyworm, leaves damage from the core inside eaten up by the larvae.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00004.jpg,Cauliflower,Boron Deficiency,"Browning of curds may be due to imbalance nutrition, Nitrogen or Boron deficiency, climatic factors like high humidity and temperature",India,Bihar | |
| images/00711.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Presence of Irregular holes on the leaves, larval fee leaf margins and Presence of excreta on the leaves as well as whorls.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00331.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Miner,Silvery mines present on the leaves,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00065.jpg,Paddy,Stem Borer,"Paddy tillers infested with stem borer, white ear-heads visible",India,Telangana | |
| images/00754.jpg,Cauliflower,Black Rot,"yellowing, browning/wilting from the edges and restricted to the veins | |
| or V shaped lesions on seedlings",India,Bihar | |
| images/00829.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"-white powdery patches are noticed on the leaves | |
| -this comes under the disease, since not able to select the option disease I hv to select this wilt option",India,Bihar | |
| images/00776.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,aphid and thrips damage symptoms on backside of the leaves,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00969.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"-silvering ang bronzing of leaf upper surface | |
| -strippling: i.e. small dark spots | |
| -elongated petioles",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00118.jpg,Okra,Powdery Mildew,white powdery growth is noticed on the leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00323.jpg,Guava,Rust,"Rust symptoms and leaf eating caterpillar infested, leaves eaten by caterpillars also",India,Bihar | |
| images/00108.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Aphids affected lower leaves in Potato crop, leaves curling upward and drying from margin",India,Bihar | |
| images/00272.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Aphid insects in young potato plants, leaves have aphid damage symptoms, leaves curling upwards",India,Bihar | |
| images/00902.jpg,Mango,Mealybugs,Mealybugs infested in Mango leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00499.jpg,Pea,Powdery Mildew,White powdery patches on leaves and on whole plants,India,Bihar | |
| images/00954.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Mites infested leaves, yellowish brown dots and parts of leaves brownish",India,Bihar | |
| images/00149.jpg,Okra,Thrips,"Damage by thrips in young Okra/Bhindi plants, typical symptoms of leaf deformation, curling upward and mottling of older leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00532.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,symptoms of leaf curl virus in chilli plants at flowering stage,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00755.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,Leaf spots visible are signs of early blight in initial stage of potato crop,India,Bihar | |
| images/00663.jpg,Pumpkin,Cucumber Beetle,"Young leaves damaged by beetles, leaves eaten and holes are visible",India,Bihar | |
| images/00915.jpg,Onion,Thrips,"Typical thrips damage symptoms ,leaf tips are drying and proceeding to whole leaves and drying up",India,Bihar | |
| images/00691.jpg,Mustard,Aphids; Nitrogen Deficiency,Mustard field,India,Bihar | |
| images/00100.jpg,Bean,Aphids,aphids,India,Bihar | |
| images/00315.jpg,Chilli,Thrips; Nitrogen Deficiency,test,India,Bihar | |
| images/00307.jpg,Chickpea,Thrips,"Thrips damage symptoms , the plant tips whitened as thrips suck the saps turning grey and white",India,Bihar | |
| images/00359.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose; Boron Deficiency,"Mango malformation symptoms ,with boron deficiency",India,Bihar | |
| images/00213.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"necrotic (dead) spots or streaks on the leaves, Stunted plant growth",India,Bihar | |
| images/00014.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Irregular Holes in the leaves, excreta present in whorls, fed leaf margins",India,Bihar | |
| images/00338.jpg,Mango,Potassium Deficiency,"Leaf tip and margin burn symptoms, primarily caused by potassium deficiency and salt stress, were prominently observed. In addition, gall midge damage symptoms were noted on a few leaves",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00554.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Complete wilting of the plant was observed, while yellowing symptoms were noted on an adjacent plant (plant on the top edge), indicating possible damage due to Fusarium wilt",India,Bihar | |
| images/00665.jpg,Pea,Rust,"Pustule symptoms on the underside of pea leaves are typically associated with pea rust, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00794.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Upper leaf surface: White to gray powdery fungal growth was observed on majority of the leaves | |
| (this disease can be added and selection options can be made it proper though option of disease is there we are not able to select the options)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00973.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV) symptoms like Upward curling and cupping of leaves. | |
| -Leaf thickening and leathery texture. | |
| -Shortened internodes, stunted plant growth. | |
| -Reduced flowering and fruit set.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00050.jpg,Bean,Mites,"(kindly update the crop Dolichus bean and scale insect damage in this crop) | |
| (option mite was selected since we cannot bale to find the scale damage so kindly add the damage option) | |
| Dolichus bean scale: | |
| On stems and leaves scales appear as tiny raised spots or crust-like growths | |
| -Heavy infestations make stems appear whitish or encruste",India,Bihar | |
| images/00967.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"upward leaf curling, leaf distortion, and stunted growth are most often symptoms of chilli leaf curl disease caused by Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV)",India,Telangana | |
| images/00388.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"young leaf curling and reduced leaf size are commonly linked to potato leaf roll disease, caused by Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) | |
| (option of PLRV can be added to the list of diseases this option can be added instead of scab)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00082.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,leaf cuts and holes on multiple leaves are usually symptoms of foliar-feeding insect pests most often fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) or common armyworm (Mythimna separata) damage,India,Bihar | |
| images/00709.jpg,Papaya,Powdery Mildew,"White, powdery fungal growth on both sides of young leaves, older leaves and petioles",India,Bihar | |
| images/00848.jpg,Mustard,White Rust,"Symptoms: stunted growth, white, powdery pustules (blisters) on the underside of leaves; thickening and deformation of inflorescences (“staghead”)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00941.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"symptoms: | |
| -Leaf cupping: Upward or downward curling of leaves. | |
| -Little leaf: Reduced leaf size. | |
| -Discoloration: Pale green or yellowing between veins. | |
| -Stunted plant growth and reduced fruit set in severe infections.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00258.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,only slight narrowing of leaf blades are seen in leaves,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00832.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Dark bluish-green older leaves, silvery-white patches, and distortion of older leaves in chilli are typical symptoms of mite infestation",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00294.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Borer larvae bore into tender shoots, creating tunnels inside. | |
| Infested shoots become hollow, dry out, and wilt (often called ""deadheart"").",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00406.jpg,Tomato,Nitrogen Deficiency,symptoms of nitrogen and phosphorous deficiency was noticed in Tomato seedlings,India,Bihar | |
| images/00244.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"-Distorted younger leaves: Leaves may curl upwards or downwards, become puckered or crinkled. | |
| -Long petioles: Stretched leaf stalks (petioles) leading to a “loose” leaf arrangement. | |
| -Broadened older leaves: Older leaves become thicker, wider, and sometimes leathery. | |
| -Stunted growth, reduced flowering, and poor fruit development.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00877.jpg,Mustard,Alternaria Blight,"-Small, round to irregular brown to black spots on leaves. | |
| -Spots often have concentric rings, giving a “target spot” or “bull’s eye” appearance",India,Bihar | |
| images/00363.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Leaf curling: Leaves curl upward prominently. | |
| Leathery texture: Leaves become thick and tough. | |
| Glossy appearance: Leaves often appear shiny due to altered cell structure. | |
| Distortion: Leaves may be puckered, crinkled, or malformed. | |
| Plant growth: Stunted growth with reduced flowering and fruiting.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00247.jpg,Bottle gourd,Aphids,"Aphid infestation on the leaves | |
| secondary infection of black mold on above the leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00538.jpg,Watermelon,Mosaic Virus,"cucumber mosaic virus symptoms: | |
| -Crinkled, curled, or distorted leaves. | |
| -Mosaic patterns (light and dark green patches).",India,Odisha | |
| images/00398.jpg,Citrus,Leaf Miner,"-Leaf mining: Winding, silvery-white trails on the upper surface of young leaves. | |
| -Leaf curling and distortion near mining areas. | |
| -Reduced leaf expansion and premature leaf drop.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00950.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Mealybug,"-Small, soft-bodied insects covered with white, powdery wax (giving a “mealy” appearance). | |
| These insects produce sticky honeydew that encourages sooty mold growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00652.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"Crop name: Dolichos Bean | |
| white powdery patches are seen on the leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00920.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"Rough, corky, and scabby lesions on the skin",India,Bihar | |
| images/00432.jpg,Bitter gourd,Whiteflies,Whitefly damage and secondary infection by sooty mold due to honeydew secretion from whiteflies are visible in the image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00815.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"-crop name: Dolichos Bean/ Lab lab Bean | |
| -Damage symptom: Powdery mildew, powdery growth on leaves and distortion and crinkling of younger leaves are seen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00858.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"leaf crinkling, curling, stunted growth and wilting symptoms are noticed in the given image",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00409.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,Dolichos bean: intertwined with cucumber which is completely dried off; on bean mosaic viral infection is observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00290.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Young leaves curl upward | |
| Leaves become thickened, leathery and slightly giving glossy look",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00509.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"Crop: Dolichos bean | |
| Downey mildew | |
| -Pale yellow to light green angular spots on the upper leaf surface. | |
| -On the underside of infected leaves, a downy, grayish to purplish fungal growth appears | |
| Powdery mildew: White, powdery fungal growth appears on the upper surface of leaves, stems",India,Bihar | |
| images/00977.jpg,Cauliflower,Black Rot,"dark, sunken, water-soaked lesions on curds and leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00165.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"leaf curling, crinkling, distorted and stunted growth poor flowering and fruiting",India,Bihar | |
| images/00241.jpg,Mango,Potassium Deficiency,Leaf tip drying or burning in mango is commonly caused by potassium deficiency or salt stress,India,Bihar | |
| images/00866.jpg,Chilli,Mites,Downward curling of dark green leaves in chilli is often a symptom of mite infestation,India,Bihar | |
| images/00921.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Miner,Tomato Leaves with serpentine/zig zag mines.,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00834.jpg,Guava,Phosphorus Deficiency,A purplish or reddish discoloration of older Guava leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00522.jpg,Rice,Stem Borer,Presence of white ear or chaffy grains during the reproductive stage of Rice crop.,India,Telangana | |
| images/00464.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Papery spots/patches and Irregular holes on the leaves, Presence excreta in whorl of maize leaves.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00888.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Upward curling, cup shaped leaves, Stunted Plant Growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00271.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,presence of holes on brinjal fruits which is the sign of shoot and fruit borer in,India,Odisha | |
| images/00740.jpg,Arhar,Sterility Mosaic,the visible issue in the crop appears to be related to sterility mosaic disease which leads to leaf damage specifically distortion of leaves. small spots can also be seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00454.jpg,Bean,Nitrogen Deficiency,yellow discoloration and leaf damage is seen. it may be a nutrient deficiency or disease,India,Bihar | |
| images/00506.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,the visible issue in the potato field appears to be late blight exhibiting discoloration leading to rapid wilting and defoliation,India,Bihar | |
| images/00743.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"the curling, crinkling and distortion of leaves, often accompanied by stunted growth can be seen",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00250.jpg,Maize,Stem Borer,larvae excreta can be seen and irregular holes,India,Bihar | |
| images/00649.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,"symptom: Brinjal leaf spot (option is not there for selection) | |
| symptoms: | |
| Small, brown or gray spots on leaves, often with a yellow halo. | |
| with progression spots may expand, become irregular, and develop concentric rings. | |
| Control measures: | |
| -Cultural: Remove and destroy infected leaves, ensure proper spacing, avoid overhead irrigation. | |
| -Organic/Biological: Neem oil spray, copper-based fungicides (Bordeaux mixture), potassium bicarbonate. | |
| -Chemical (if needed): Mancozeb or copper oxychloride as per label instructions. | |
| -Preventive: Use resistant varieties, maintain balanced nutrition, rotate crops",India,Bihar | |
| images/00672.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Identification: symptoms of mites, thrips and leaf curl diseases were seen in the image | |
| Different symptoms observed: | |
| -Mites: Yellow/white speckles, fine webbing, leaf yellowing and drop. | |
| -Thrips: Silver streaks, distorted new growth, black fecal spots. | |
| -Leaf Curl Disease: Leaf curling, thickened/puckered leaves, stunted growth, reduced fruit set | |
| Control Measures for Mites, Thrips, and Leaf Curl Disease: | |
| -Cultural: Remove and destroy infected leaves, maintain proper spacing, avoid excessive nitrogen, and keep the field weed-free. | |
| -Biological/Organic: Spray neem oil, insecticidal soaps, or botanical extracts; release predatory insects (e.g., ladybugs, predatory mites). | |
| -Chemical (if needed): Use selective acaricides for mites and approved insecticides for thrips; control vectors for leaf curl disease (e.g., whiteflies) with systemic insecticides. | |
| -Preventive: Use resistant or tolerant varieties, practice crop rotation, and monitor regularly for early detection.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00769.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV): slightest symptoms of TLCV symptoms were seen | |
| Symptoms: | |
| -Upward or downward curling of young leaves. | |
| -Thickened, puckered, or distorted leaf growth | |
| Control measures: | |
| -Cultural: Remove infected plants, maintain spacing, rotate crops. | |
| -Biological/Organic: Neem oil, insecticidal soaps, encourage natural predators. | |
| -Chemical: Systemic insecticides (Imidacloprid 0.3-0.5 ml/L) to control whitefly vectors. | |
| -Preventive: Use resistant varieties, protect seedlings with insect-proof nets.",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00926.jpg,Onion,Thrips,"Onion thrips infestation: | |
| Symptoms: Onion tip burning and slight leaf curling at the tips | |
| control measures: | |
| -Spray Neem oil or insecticidal soap. | |
| -Encourage natural predators like ladybugs. | |
| -Maintain proper plant spacing and field hygiene.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00531.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Initial symptoms of Tomato leaf curl virus is observed | |
| -observed symptoms: leaf curling and distortion of leaves | |
| -Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove infected plants, maintain spacing, rotate crops. | |
| Biological/Organic: Neem oil, insecticidal soaps, encourage natural predators. | |
| Chemical: Systemic insecticides to control whitefly vectors. | |
| Preventive: Use resistant varieties, protect seedlings with insect-proof nets",India,Bihar | |
| images/00646.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"symptom: Papaya bunchy top disease(this disease is not listed in the above options) | |
| symptoms: Stunted growth and shortened internodes. | |
| Leaves appear small, narrow, and clustered at the top (bunchy appearance). | |
| Leaf curling, yellowing, or chlorosis. | |
| Reduced flowering and fruiting; fruits may be malformed. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove infected plants, use virus-free seedlings, maintain spacing and sanitation, control weeds. | |
| Biological/Organic: Encourage natural aphid predators, spray neem oil or insecticidal soaps. | |
| Chemical: Systemic insecticides like imidacloprid for aphid control. | |
| Preventive: Use resistant varieties, protect young plants with insect-proof nets",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00543.jpg,Papaya,Nitrogen Deficiency,Yellow of leaves and interviews,India,Bihar | |
| images/00202.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew,"Visible symptom is the appearance of white, powdery spots on the upper surfaces of leaves in Pumpkin. Typical signs of Powdery mildew disease",India,Bihar | |
| images/00051.jpg,Arhar,Aphids,"Aphids infested Arhar(Pigeon Pea) plants at flowering stage ,is very damage causing at this stage of the crop.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00880.jpg,Maize,Nitrogen Deficiency,Yellowing of leaf (Chlorosis),India,Bihar | |
| images/00349.jpg,Potato,Aphids,Potato leaves curling and yellow patches on leaves show that it could be aphids.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00590.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"A very low population of thrips, which typically attack chilli during the flowering stage, has been observed on the flowers",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00190.jpg,Rice,Blast,Rice blast diseases : This is fungal diseases caused spindle-shaped spots with grayish center and brown margins on leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00044.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,Damage caused by Fall Armyworm .Holes and ragged edges on the leaves and the presence of frass may also be visible in the whorl.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00835.jpg,Potato,Magnesium Deficiency,Leaves showing interveinal yellow colour (chlorosis) with veins remaining green,India,Bihar | |
| images/00840.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Leaves with holes and irregular feeding damage, crinkled young leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00723.jpg,Papaya,Powdery Mildew,"White, powdery patches on the leaf surface, typical of the fungus, growth is spread all over the leaf.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00896.jpg,Potato,Cutworms,Some leaves have cut pattern on them which could be resultant of cutworm.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00940.jpg,Cabbage,Nitrogen Deficiency,Yellowing of the older leaves with a bit of pale/light green color is a symptom of nitrogen deficiency.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00242.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,It usually creates a “window pane” effect on leaves at an early stage and then irregular large holes with frass (insect waste) in the whorl.,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00897.jpg,Cabbage,Diamondback Moth,"Damage symptom of DBM - Plutella xylostella, holes on leaves and feeding damage on central leaves.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00012.jpg,Groundnut,Collar Rot,"wilting, drying and drooping of leaves.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00903.jpg,Pigeon Pea,Phytophthora Blight,"Pods turned black, shriveled, and rotten, resulting in an impact on yield.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00785.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,The caterpillar in the image resembles the larvel stage of the moths in the known as Fall Armyworm . The leaf structure suggests a monocotyledonus plant such as Maize. the feeding habit leads to various forms of damage depending on crop and larval stage including defoliation.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00362.jpg,Squash,Powdery Mildew,The leaves shows white fuzzy coating which is know as fungal diseases like powdery mildew.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00811.jpg,Rice,Nitrogen Deficiency,"yellowing in rice nitrogen deficiency , certain rice diseases can cause yellowing of leaves, environmental stress , weedy rice infestation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00060.jpg,Watermelon,Mosaic Virus; Nitrogen Deficiency,"The raised lesions and discoloration on the leaves could be mosaic virus, fungal diseases can cause lesion and discoloration on stem and leaves ,Nutrient defiency for yellowing of leaves , Insect damage holes on edge on the leaves",India,Odisha | |
| images/00057.jpg,Cabbage,Nitrogen Deficiency,"the symptom start from the older leaves, the foliage becomes yellowish-green, crop development delayed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00497.jpg,Sponge gourd,Powdery Mildew,white patches on the leaves caused by fungal infection,India,Bihar | |
| images/00064.jpg,Chilli,Nitrogen Deficiency,"yellowing of leaves | |
| falling of flowers",India,Telangana | |
| images/00023.jpg,Cucumber,Downy Mildew,Yellowish angular spots in the initial stage.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00587.jpg,Citrus,Leaf Miner; Nitrogen Deficiency,"discoloration of leaves-pale green | |
| stunted leaf growth | |
| long and thin appearance of the plant | |
| leaf deformation -twisted or curled appearance",India,Telangana | |
| images/00944.jpg,Chilli,Nitrogen Deficiency,yellowing of the plant leaves or insufficient light can aslo lead their leaves can turn pale or yellowish as they struggle to produce chlorophyll,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00248.jpg,Medicinal plants,Potassium Deficiency,"yellowing of leaves starts from margins, main venis remain dark green , curled leaves, stunted growth",India,Bihar | |
| images/00539.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"basically it as potato leafroll virus so it is due to aphids | |
| Upturned leaf margins | |
| stiff and upward pointing stalks | |
| stunted growth",India,Bihar | |
| images/00089.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"yellow mosaic pattern on leaves | |
| water-soaked spots and streaks on trunk and stem it is a virus caused by aphids (or) it may be a herbicide growth damage",India,Bihar | |
| images/00252.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"leaves curl upwards | |
| early defoliation of plant | |
| flowers",India,Bihar | |
| images/00093.jpg,Tobacco,Whiteflies,"leaf thickening, downward leaf curling, vein swelling as well as stunting symptoms | |
| Plant height is reduced and internodes are shortened",India,Bihar | |
| images/00081.jpg,Wheat,Armyworm,"feeding damage on all plant parts | |
| frass can be found on leaves",India,Karnataka | |
| images/00400.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"It is fungal diseases causing white spots on leaves potentially leading to defoliation | |
| Anthracnose may also cause black irregularly shaped lesions on leaves and fruits",India,Bihar | |
| images/00192.jpg,Potato,Aphids; Potassium Deficiency,"for k deficiency | |
| yellowing of leaves start from margins | |
| main veins remain dark green | |
| PLRV :- | |
| upturned leaf margins | |
| yellowing between younger leaf veins | |
| older leaves are stiff and brittle with a purple underside",India,Bihar | |
| images/00681.jpg,Chilli,Nitrogen Deficiency,yellowing of leaves are seen in the picture,India,Bihar | |
| images/00222.jpg,Mango,Mealybugs,"the mango plant shows mealy bug infestation which looks like white, waxy colonies on stem",India,Bihar | |
| images/00159.jpg,Chickpea,Fusarium Wilt,the yellowing and wilting in chickpea is caused by fusarium wilt,India,Bihar | |
| images/00046.jpg,Tomato,Potassium Deficiency,the image suggests that tomato plant is likely suffering from potassium defeciency and symptoms of blossom drop and early blight disease can also be seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00799.jpg,Maize,Nitrogen Deficiency,the image shows nitrogen deficiency with the maize crop identified by yellowing of leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00526.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"irregular yellow green mottling on leaves with puckered appearence | |
| lesions enlarge becoming dark brown | |
| stunted growth",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00819.jpg,Cauliflower,Boron Deficiency,the image shows browning or discoloration on its head and potentially uneven or loose curd formation,India,Bihar | |
| images/00583.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,the issue in the image is leaf curl disease caused by whitefly. the leaves are upward curling and sometimes inward curling can also be seen,India,Telangana | |
| images/00702.jpg,Banana,Calcium Deficiency,the image shows calcium deficiency which leads to improper leaf development and crinkling of leaf,India,Bihar | |
| images/00673.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Nitrogen Deficiency,the visible issue is leaf curl and possibly some yellowing or stunted growth,India,Bihar | |
| images/00847.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"the issue is leaf curl virus of chilli,",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00860.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,powdery mildew observed on inflorescence and stalks of mango,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00908.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,the symptoms shows leaf curl and distortion and characterstic leaf spots and blight,India,Bihar | |
| images/00965.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,the issue here is powdery mildew of brinjal,India,Bihar | |
| images/00768.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,here both powdery mildew and fruit and shoot borer attack can be seen by identification of small to large irregular holes and white powdery deposition on leaves can also be seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00484.jpg,Brinjal,Potassium Deficiency,purplish border can be seen on the edges which is a potassium deficiency,India,Bihar | |
| images/00902.jpg,Mango,Mealybugs,small white soft bodied patches can be seen with honey dew appearance can be seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00648.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,curling of leaves can be seen yellowing of leaves can also be seen,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00974.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,downward curling of leaves seen in chilli,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00886.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm; Phosphorus Deficiency,here we can see phosphorus deficiency ad large irregular holes,India,Bihar | |
| images/00857.jpg,Maize,Nitrogen Deficiency,yellowing of leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00334.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Mango plant having powdery mildew disease, which appears as white, powdery patches on leaves, flowers, and fruits. The disease causes premature dropping of flowers and young fruits, reducing crop yields. Apply fungicides such as wettable sulfur @ 2gm per liter of water foliar spray.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00433.jpg,Wheat,Loose Smut,"Loose Smut transforms entire heads of wheat into black, powdery masses of spores, diseases are seed-borne and spread by spores, with symptoms appearing during or after the plant's heading stage. Foliar spray of fungicides like triadimefon can be used to cure existing infections and prevent further spread, particularly at the early stem extension stage. Treat the seeds with Carbendazim (2.5 g/kg seed) | |
| Use of smut resistant varieties.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00916.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango leaves affected by anthracnose, to control remove infected debris and prune for good air circulation. | |
| Fungicides: | |
| Rotation: Alternate between different fungicides to prevent resistance, including contact (e.g., copper-based) and systemic types.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00613.jpg,Potato,Aphids; Potassium Deficiency,"yellowing of leaves at the tips and margins and stunted growth leads to potassium deficiency | |
| it aslo have potato leaf roll virus upward rolling and yellowing of the leaves | |
| it also have mosaic virus causes yellow green mosaic patterns",India,Bihar | |
| images/00434.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,upper leaves browning wilting and a dried appearence,India,Bihar | |
| images/00842.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Potato plants having small water soaked patches on the leaves, on close observation few leaves started turning brownish, symptoms of early blight. To control early blight Spray Carbendazim or Chlorothalonil 1ml per liter of water, spray 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00851.jpg,Bottle gourd,Red Pumpkin Beetle,"The caterpillar is thorny, seems venomous and stingy. Could be a type of Bihar Hairy caterpillar on leaves of Bottle gourd plant. To control these type caterpillars spray Chlorpyriphos or Propenophos 30% EC @2ml per liter of water or 2% powder could be dusted over the foliage and base of the plant.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00335.jpg,Tobacco,Potassium Deficiency,"Younger leaves of Tobacco are turning yellow, which is symptoms of Potassium deficiency. To recover at this stage foliar spray of KNO3 or MOP(Murate of Potash) @ 1gm per liter of water is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00318.jpg,Chikoo,Cutworms,"The Chikoo plant Leaves are affected with cutworm insects, the damage to leaves are clearly seen in the image. it can be controlled by spray of Chloropyriphos or Prophenophos@ 2ml per liter of water at regular interval of 8 to 10 days.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00517.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"curling of leaves downward can be cause of leaf curl virus caused by white fly, we can use pesticide or yellow sticky trap to control these pest",India,Bihar | |
| images/00933.jpg,Paddy,Blast,"Typical Blast disease symptoms in Paddy. Which can be controlled by use of resistant rice varieties, apply seed treatments, maintain consistent field flooding to prevent disease development, and apply fungicides like tricyclazole or azoxystrobin @ 1ml per liter of water during critical growth stages.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00045.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"The brinjal plant affected with Shoot and Fruit borer, wilted plant top portion to be cut and destroyed. At initial stages Neem oil,1500ppm Azhadiractin @1ml per liter of water to be sprayed at 8-days interval. In case of severe infestation Emamectin Benzoate or Lambda-Cyhalothrin to be applied @1.5ml per liter of water at 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00815.jpg,Cowpea,Leaf Hopper,"Leaves are damaged by Leaf hoppers and also leaf eating caterpillars. At early stages apply Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or for chemical control spray Chlorpyrifos with Cypermethrin @ 2ml per liter of water at every 8-days interval",India,Bihar | |
| images/00199.jpg,Papaya,Anthracnose,"Papaya fruits infected with anthracnose disease, which can be checked by spraying Mancozeb 0.2 % at 10 days interval controls the disease. Fumigation with bezyl-isothiocyanate controls post harvest spots and rots.",India,Karnataka | |
| images/00698.jpg,Pumpkin,Aphids,"leaf curl viral disease is visible, yellowing of leaves and upwward curlling of leaves are the symptoms of leaf curl virus",India,Bihar | |
| images/00844.jpg,Guava,Bark Eating Caterpillar,Caterpillar feeds on the leaves surfaces and reduces the growth,India,Bihar | |
| images/00552.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Symptoms: | |
| -Pin head size spots on the the leaves especially underside of the leaves, fine webbing | |
| -Yellowing and bronzing of leaves | |
| Brinjal Mite Control: | |
| -Cultural: Remove infested leaves, maintain irrigation, avoid excess N, rotate crops. | |
| -Biological: Conserve predatory mites and ladybird beetles. | |
| -Botanical: Spray Neem oil 3% or NSKE 5%. | |
| -Chemical: Use Propargite (2 ml/L) or Fenpyroximate (1 ml/L) on leaf undersides. | |
| -Preventive: Keep field clean, moist, and weed-free",India,Bihar | |
| images/00688.jpg,Bean,Root Rot,"Symptoms: Yellowing and wilting of lower leaves. | |
| Bean Root Rot Control: | |
| -Cultural: Use well-drained soil, avoid waterlogging, rotate crops. | |
| -Seed: Treat with Trichoderma viride (4 g/kg) or Carbendazim (2 g/kg). | |
| -Soil: Apply Trichoderma compost or neem cake. | |
| -Chemical: Drench with Carbendazim 0.1% or Copper oxychloride 0.25%. | |
| -Sanitation: Remove and destroy infected plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00275.jpg,Cabbage,Cabbage Looper,"-Cabbage Head Borer (Hellula undalis): Tthe pest that bores into cabbage heads and leaves fecal matter inside | |
| -Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove infested plants; rotate crops. | |
| Biological: Release Trichogramma chilonis @ 50,000/ha. | |
| Botanical: Spray Neem oil 3% or NSKE 5%. | |
| Chemical: Use Spinosad 0.3 ml/L or Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00420.jpg,Guava,Bark Eating Caterpillar; Potassium Deficiency,"As per symptoms the guava plant leaves are having Potassium deficiency as well as leaf and bark eating caterpillar infestation. Spray water soluble Potash(KCL or KNO3)@ 2gm per liter of water. To control caterpillars spray Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or Chlorpyrifos, 20 EC@ 2ml per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00273.jpg,Mango,Bacterial Canker,leaf burning symptoms is visible in the image and,India,Bihar | |
| images/00533.jpg,Lemon,Leaf Miner,"leaf miner that feed on leaves are seen, eaten leaves like structure is visible",India,Bihar | |
| images/00463.jpg,Bottle gourd,Powdery Mildew,"discoloration of leaves, curling and white powdery substance like visible sign make it appear to be infected",India,Bihar | |
| images/00441.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,upward curling of leaves,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00136.jpg,Mango,Boron Deficiency,"Mango flowers have dried up with poor fruit setting and fruit dropping. | |
| Spray the tree with Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) at the pea-sized fruit stage to increase fruit retention. Gibberellic Acid (GA3) can also be used to aid retention. | |
| Apply Boron (e.g., Borax 0.2%) before flowering to improve pollination. During fruit development, spray with Calcium (e.g., Calcium Nitrate 1%) to strengthen fruit walls and Potassium (e.g., Potassium Nitrate 1-1.5%) to reduce fruit drop.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00918.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"The symptoms are of typical Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) cannot be cured, but its spread can be managed through preventative measures and control of whiteflies, the primary vectors of the virus. | |
| To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water, or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00524.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot,"Sigatoka disease in Banana-Spray 3 times with Carbendazim 0.1 per cent or Propicanozole 0.1 % or Mancozeb 0.25% and teepol (sticking agent) at 10-15 days interval, as the disease starting from initial appearance of leaf specks",India,Bihar | |
| images/00120.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall armyworm (FAW) management in maize requires an integrated approach combining cultural practices, biological control, and chemical control. | |
| For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,West Bengal | |
| images/00112.jpg,Chickpea,Nitrogen Deficiency,Typical Nitrogen deficiency with yellowing of leaves and crop health is poor. Which can be controlled by use of balance fertiliser having Nitrogen. For immediate result apply foliar spray of Nano DAP@ 2.5 ml per liter of water.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00161.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"The brinjal plant affected with Shoot and Fruit borer, wilted plant top portion to be cut and destroyed. At initial stages Neem oil,1500ppm Azhadiractin @1ml per liter of water to be sprayed at 8-days interval. In case of severe infestation Emamectin Benzoate or Lambda-Cyhalothrin to be applied @1.5ml per liter of water at 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00096.jpg,Groundnut,Aphids,"Aphids infestation symptoms along with caterpillar damage also seen. For organic control of these common pests spray Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at 8 to 10 days interval in early stages of growth. | |
| In cases of high infestation, spray an insecticide such as Thiamethoxam (12.6%) + Lambda-cyhalothrin (9.5%) at 5 ml per 10 liters of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00580.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"The symptoms are of Potassium deficiency as leaves curled up with mid rib green, along with there is early blight infection with small dot like blight symptoms. | |
| For K-deficiency apply water soluble Potash@ 2gm per liter of water as foliar spray. For early blight control spray Carbendazim or Mancozeb @ 2ml per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00671.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,Typical early blight symptoms on Potato leaves. Very early spraying with Zineb or captan 0.2% and repeating it for every 15 – 20 days gives effective control. Removal and destruction of infected plant debris should be done because the spores lying in the soil are the primary source of infection.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00352.jpg,Pumpkin,Aphids,"Curling and cupping of Pumpkin leaves may be due to Calcium deficiency. Use a foliar spray of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) @ 2gm per liter of water. Twisting of leaves, stunted growth also due to aphids infestation. Aphid can be controlled by Use reflective mulch, sticky traps, or biological controls like ladybugs. You can also spray with neem oil extracts, 300ppm @5ml per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00763.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Twisting of leaves, stunted growth due to Thrips infestation. Thrips can be controlled by Use reflective mulch, sticky traps, or biological controls like ladybugs. You can also spray with neem oil 300ppm @5ml per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00399.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Early stage of shoot and fruit borer in Brinjal crop. At Initial stages Neem oil,1500ppm Azhadiractin @1ml per liter of water to be sprayed at 8-days interval. At severe case, you can use Emamectin Benzoate or Lambda-Cyhalothrin @ 1ml per liter of water at 8-days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00211.jpg,Spinach,Aphids,"The spinach leaves are affected by aphids, which can be controlled by spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water by organic method. Also control by Soap spray: Mix 1-2 tablespoons of mild liquid soap with one gallon of water. Spray it directly on the aphids, covering the tops and undersides of leaves, as the soap suffocates them by breaking down their protective coating.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00684.jpg,Guava,Mealybugs,"Pest: Whitefly; Disease: Sooty mold | |
| The front right part of the guava fruit shows black sooty mold, which may have been caused by a secondary infection following a whitefly infestation. | |
| To control the sooty mold first we have to control the while fly infestation, this can be done by different means | |
| Whitefly control – Use yellow sticky traps or insecticidal soaps/neem oil. | |
| Pruning & sanitation – Remove heavily infested branches and fallen debris. | |
| Fungicide application – Apply suitable fungicides if mold is severe. | |
| Maintain plant health – Proper irrigation and balanced fertilization to reduce susceptibility.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00402.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Symptoms: Notable symptoms include yellowing of the lower leaves, accompanied by the appearance of brown spots on them | |
| Control measures: Remove and destroy infected leaves; practice crop rotation and proper spacing for good air circulation. | |
| Apply recommended fungicides (e.g., mancozeb or chlorothalonil) at regular intervals.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00245.jpg,Cauliflower,Downy Mildew,"The lower leaves show powdery symptoms with the initiation of necrotic spots on the upper surface, and downy mildew symptoms have also begun to appear on the lower leaves | |
| Control measures: | |
| Spray appropriate fungicides like Mancozeb or Copper oxychloride at recommended intervals and remove severely affected leaves to reduce disease spread",India,Bihar | |
| images/00805.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Symptoms: Larvae feed on leaves, creating irregular holes and defoliation; severe infestations can damage tassels and cob formation. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Handpick larvae in small fields. | |
| Spray Neem-based insecticides or chemical insecticides like Emamectin benzoate or Chlorantraniliprole as per recommendation. | |
| Use pheromone traps for monitoring and early control",India,Bihar | |
| images/00139.jpg,Onion,Thrips,"Symptom: The onion leaves show tip drying and curling, often indicating nutrient deficiency (like potassium or water stress) or early thrips infestation. | |
| control measures | |
| Pest control: If thrips are present, spray Neem oil or recommended insecticides. | |
| Cultural practices: Remove severely affected leaves and maintain field hygiene. | |
| Water and nutrient management: Ensure proper irrigation and balanced fertilization, especially potassium",India,Bihar | |
| images/00640.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"symptom is not a scab | |
| Potato Leaf Roll Virus: younger leaves showing rolling | |
| control measures: | |
| Use virus-free tubers, control aphids, and remove infected plants",India,Bihar | |
| images/00255.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Identified symptoms are Papaya Bunchy Top: New leaves appear short, clustered, and upright, giving a bunched appearance at the top of the plant, with stunted overall growth | |
| Control measures: | |
| Use disease-free planting material. | |
| Control vector insects like whiteflies using insecticides or Neem-based sprays. | |
| Remove and destroy severely affected plants to prevent spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00256.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Symptoms: | |
| black sooty mold on inflorescences, and flower drop, leading to reduced fruit set. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Spray insecticides like Imidacloprid o on affected shoots and inflorescences. | |
| Remove and destroy affected shoots. | |
| Encourage natural predators like spiders and ladybirds.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00810.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall army warm damage: | |
| Scrapping of leaf surface by young larvae. | |
| Older larvae, feeds upon central whorl, causing extensive defoliation. | |
| Whorl, tassel and cob fed by larva. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Biological: Use natural enemies like Trichogramma, Telenomus, or Beauveria bassiana fungus. | |
| Chemical: Apply recommended insecticides (e.g., Spinosad, Chlorantraniliprole) at early larval stage",India,Bihar | |
| images/00502.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Symptoms: (mites and mildew) | |
| Leaves turn yellowish or bronze, curl, and become scorched. | |
| Severe infestation leads to stunted growth and reduced fruit yield. | |
| Tiny mites may be visible on the underside of leaves as fine webbing. | |
| -symptoms of mildew also noticed along with the mites | |
| Control measures: | |
| Mite: Remove infested leaves; spray miticides like Dicofol/Propargite; use predatory mites. | |
| Powdery Mildew: Remove affected leaves; apply fungicides like Sulphur or Carbendazim; ensure proper spacing and ventilation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00655.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Symptoms: | |
| Chewed or ragged leaves with holes or irregular edges. | |
| Larvae or caterpillars may be visible on the leaves. | |
| Severe feeding can reduce photosynthesis and yield | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Handpick larvae if infestation is small. | |
| Biological control: Trichogramma, Beauveria bassiana. | |
| Chemical control: Spray Spinosad or Chlorantraniliprole at early larval stage",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00128.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal Mite Damage Symptoms: | |
| Leaves turn yellowish or bronze, curl, and become scorched. | |
| Severe infestation leads to stunted growth and reduced fruit yield. | |
| Tiny mites may be visible on the underside of leaves as fine webbing | |
| Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infested leaves, maintain proper plant spacing, avoid excessive nitrogen. | |
| Biological: Release predatory mites (Phytoseiulus persimilis). | |
| Chemical: Spray miticides like Propargite or Dicofol, following recommended doses.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00268.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Mango hopper and sooty mold: | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Mango Hopper: Tiny insects on inflorescences and young shoots; causes flower drop, leaf curling, and sticky honeydew. | |
| Sooty Mold: Black fungal growth on leaves, stems, and fruits; grows on honeydew excreted by hoppers; reduces photosynthesis. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Prune infested shoots, maintain tree hygiene. | |
| Biological: Use predators like ladybirds or Green lacewing. | |
| Chemical: Spray systemic insecticides (e.g., Imidacloprid) for hoppers and remove sooty mold manually or use fungicides if severe",India,Bihar | |
| images/00437.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Symptom: | |
| Slight tip burn along the leaf edges may be caused by potassium deficiency. | |
| control: potash fertilizers can be applied",India,Bihar | |
| images/00653.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Identified pest: Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Wilting of young shoots due to larval boring. | |
| Small holes on fruits with excreta (frass) sticking at the entry point. | |
| Infested fruits become unfit for consumption and drop prematurely. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Collect and destroy affected shoots and fruits. | |
| Install pheromone traps @ 12–15/acre to monitor and trap moths. | |
| Use neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% or neem oil 2%. | |
| Spray insecticides like Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 0.4 g/L or Cypermethrin 25EC @ 0.5 ml/L if infestation is severe.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00166.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal Mite (Red Spider Mite) and Powdery mildew disease | |
| Symptoms of mites: | |
| Yellowing and bronzing of leaves, especially on the underside. | |
| Fine webbing seen on lower leaf surfaces. | |
| Leaves curl, dry, and fall off in severe cases. | |
| Plant growth and yield are reduced. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Spray water on plants regularly to reduce mite build-up. | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves. | |
| Use neem oil 2% or NSKE 5%. | |
| If severe, spray with Dicofol 18.5EC @ 2.5 ml/L or Fenazaquin 10EC @ 2 ml/L. | |
| Powdery mildew symptoms: | |
| White, powdery or hairy fungal growth on upper and lower surfaces of leaves. | |
| Affected leaves gradually turn yellow, shrivel, and dry. | |
| Severe infection weakens the plant and reduces yield. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Spray wettable sulphur 0.3% or carbendazim 0.1%. | |
| Apply neem oil 2% as a preventive measure.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00668.jpg,Rice,Rice Bug,"Rice False Smut (caused by Ustilaginoidea virens) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Some grains in a panicle are replaced by greenish spore balls. | |
| These spore balls later turn yellowish-orange, then greenish-black. | |
| Affected grains become chaffy, reducing yield and grain quality. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use disease-free seeds and resistant varieties. | |
| Treat seeds with Carbendazim 2 g/kg before sowing. | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer. | |
| Spray Propiconazole 25EC @ 1 ml/L at booting stage if disease appears.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00823.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Miner,"Tomato Leaf Miner (Tuta absoluta) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Small, irregular mines or blotches on leaves caused by larvae feeding inside. | |
| Leaves dry and curl due to extensive mining. | |
| Larvae bore into stems and fruits, causing holes and fruit rotting. | |
| Reduced photosynthesis and yield loss. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Remove and destroy infested leaves and fruits. | |
| Use pheromone traps @ 12–15/acre for monitoring and mass trapping. | |
| Spray neem oil 2% or NSKE 5% as a preventive measure. | |
| Release biological control agents like Trichogramma chilonis. | |
| If severe, spray Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 0.4 g/L or Spinosad 45SC @ 0.3 ml/L",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00592.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli Black Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Silvery or brownish patches on tender leaves | |
| Leaf curling and distortion, especially at the top | |
| Buds and flowers drop prematurely. | |
| In severe cases, plants become stunted and yield decreases. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Remove and destroy infested plant parts. | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and maintain field sanitation. | |
| Spray neem oil 2% or NSKE 5%. | |
| If severe, spray Fipronil 5SC @ 1 ml/L or Imidacloprid 17.8SL @ 0.3 ml/L.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00123.jpg,Ridge gourd,Downy Mildew,"Ridge Gourd Downy Mildew | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Yellow angular spots appear on upper leaf surfaces. | |
| Greyish or purplish mold growth on the lower side of leaves. | |
| Infected leaves turn brown, curl, and dry up. | |
| Reduces photosynthesis and fruit yield. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves. | |
| Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead irrigation. | |
| Spray Mancozeb 0.25% or Metalaxyl + Mancozeb 0.2%. | |
| Grow resistant or tolerant varieties if available.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00533.jpg,Lemon,Leaf Miner,"The citrus plants affected with leaf miner and leaf eating caterpillars. For leaf miner control apply Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water. synthetic insecticides like spinosad or imidacloprid as a last resort. For caterpillar control manual removal and use organic sprays like neem oil or a soap and water solution. For persistent problems, consider biological controls such as Bacillus thuringiensis or use chemical sprays as a last resort.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00378.jpg,Cauliflower,Cutworms,"The cauliflower plants affected with cutworm and caterpillars. For control at early growing stage of Cauliflower apply, Neem oil and neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 300ppm@5ml per liter of water are effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00238.jpg,Rose,Powdery Mildew,"The Rose plants have powdery mildew, a common fungal disease that appears as a white, powdery coating on leaves, stems, and buds. Powdery mildew can be controlled by application of wettable Sulphur @ 0.2%. Preventive measures by spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at early stages of growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00288.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"Symptoms of Leaf spot with rust in Groundnut. At present condition it can be controlled by foliar spray of Tebuconazole or Chlorothalonil@ 1ml per liter of water. For preventive measures | |
| Seed treatment: Before sowing, treat seeds with Trichoderma or Pseudomonas powder, or fungicides like Thiram (75%) or Indofil M-45 (75%) is very effective.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00192.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Early blight on potato plants, appears as small, dark brown-to-black spots on the older leaves, which grow into larger lesions. To control,Use fungicides like mandipropamid, chlorothalonil, fluazinam, or mancozeb. | |
| Seed treatment with fungicides like mancozeb before sowing.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00498.jpg,Mango,Mealybugs,"Identified issue is mango mealybugs damage: Presence of white wooly growth on leaves and presence of Sooty mold on leaves, stems due to honeydew secretion. | |
| subsequently leaves turn yellow, curl, or drop prematurely. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Prune and destroy infested shoots; remove weeds; maintain orchard hygiene. | |
| Biological: Release natural enemies like Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (mealybug destroyer). | |
| Chemical: Spray systemic insecticides (e.g., Imidacloprid) or contact insecticides (e.g., Malathion) during early infestation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00230.jpg,Tomato,Bacterial Wilt,"In the given image tomato wilt symptoms are noticed: | |
| Yellowing of lower leaves, wilting, and drooping. Plants may die in severe cases. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Use resistant varieties; rotate crops; remove and destroy infected plants; avoid waterlogging. | |
| Biological: Apply antagonistic fungi like Trichoderma spp. to soil. | |
| Chemical: Soil drenching with fungicides like Carbendazim or Thiophanate-methyl (follow label instructions).",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00742.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,"The white powdery patches and spots on brinjal (eggplant) leaves indicate Powdery Mildew. | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White, powdery fungal growth on both leaf surfaces. | |
| Leaves may curl, turn yellow, and drop prematurely. | |
| Severe infection can reduce flowering and fruiting. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infected leaves; ensure proper plant spacing for air circulation; avoid overhead irrigation. | |
| Biological: Use biocontrol agents like Trichoderma spp. | |
| Chemical: Spray fungicides such as Sulphur, Carbendazim, or Hexaconazole at early stages.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00932.jpg,Chili,Mosaic Virus; Whiteflies,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (ChiLCV): | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves curl upward and become thickened or leathery. | |
| Yellowing (chlorosis) along veins. | |
| Stunted plant growth and reduced flowering/fruiting. | |
| Fruits may be small, deformed, or drop prematurely. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infected plants; use virus-free seedlings; maintain field hygiene; control weed hosts. | |
| Vector Management: Control whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) using yellow sticky traps or insecticides. | |
| Resistant Varieties: Grow tolerant or resistant chilli varieties.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00075.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Identified symptom: Chili leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves curl upward and become thickened or leathery. | |
| Yellowing (chlorosis) along veins. | |
| Stunted plant growth and reduced flowering/fruiting. | |
| Fruits may be small, deformed, or drop prematurely. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infected plants; use virus-free seedlings; maintain field hygiene; control weed hosts. | |
| Vector Management: Control whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) using yellow sticky traps or insecticides. | |
| Resistant Varieties: Grow tolerant or resistant chilli varieties.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00952.jpg,Guava,Rust,"Symptoms: Guava Rust | |
| Yellow-orange pustules on leaves, especially the underside. | |
| Leaves may curl, dry, and drop prematurely. | |
| Severe infection reduces flowering and fruit set. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infected leaves; maintain proper tree spacing and hygiene. | |
| Chemical: Spray fungicides like Copper Oxychloride or Mancozeb at early stages.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00876.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): | |
| Damage Symptoms: | |
| Larvae feed on leaves, creating irregular holes and ragged edges. | |
| “Windowpane” effect on young leaves (transparent patches). | |
| Damaged whorl leaves may dry; severe infestation can damage cobs and reduce yield. | |
| Frass (insect excreta) visible on leaves. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy affected plants; maintain weed-free fields; practice crop rotation. | |
| Biological: Use natural enemies like Trichogramma spp., Bracon spp., or entomopathogenic fungi. | |
| Chemical: Apply selective insecticides such as Spinosad, Emamectin benzoate, or Chlorantraniliprole at early infestation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00452.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chili mosaic virus and leaf curl symptoms are noticed | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Mottled or mosaic patterns on leaves (light and dark green patches). | |
| Leaf curling, distortion, and stunted growth. | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit set; fruits may be small, malformed, or drop prematurely. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infected plants; use virus-free seedlings; maintain field hygiene; control weed hosts. | |
| Vector Control: Manage aphids (Myzus persicae), which transmit the virus, using insecticides or yellow sticky traps. | |
| Resistant Varieties: Grow tolerant or resistant chilli varieties if available.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00189.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Damage Symptoms: Chilli mites | |
| -inverted boat shaped leaves, leaf curling and distortion | |
| -Leaves show yellowing, bronzing, or silvery patches. | |
| -Severe infestation reduces flowering, fruit set, and yield. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves; maintain proper spacing and irrigation; avoid water stress. | |
| Biological: Release predatory mites like Phytoseiulus persimilis. | |
| Chemical: Spray miticides such as Abamectin, Spiromesifen, or Fenpyroximate at early infestation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00564.jpg,Citrus,Citrus Psyllid,"Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri): | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Nymphs and adults suck sap from young shoots and leaves. | |
| Leaves show curling, yellowing, and distorted growth. | |
| Honeydew secretion leads to sooty mold on leaves and fruits. | |
| Can transmit Huanglongbing (citrus greening disease), causing stunted growth and poor fruit quality. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Prune and destroy infested shoots; maintain orchard hygiene; remove alternate host plants. | |
| Biological: Encourage natural enemies like ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) and parasitic wasps (Tamarixia radiata). | |
| Chemical: Spray systemic insecticides such as Imidacloprid or Thiamethoxam on early infestation.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00243.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Potato Late Blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans): | |
| Water-soaked, dark green or brown lesions on leaves, often along leaf margins. | |
| Rapid spread of lesions under humid conditions; leaves may collapse and die. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: | |
| Use certified disease-free seed tubers. | |
| Ensure proper spacing and avoid waterlogging. | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants and crop debris. | |
| Practice crop rotation with non-host crops. | |
| Chemical: | |
| Apply fungicides such as Mancozeb, Metalaxyl, or Copper Oxychloride at early disease stages. | |
| Repeat sprays at recommended intervals, especially during humid conditions. | |
| Resistant Varieties: | |
| Grow late-blight-resistant potato varieties where available.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00259.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal aphids are noticed: | |
| Aphids: Small, soft-bodied insects on leaf undersides | |
| -Also ants eating on honeydew secretion underside of the leaves noticed | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove heavily infested leaves; maintain plant spacing; avoid excessive nitrogen. | |
| Biological: Encourage ladybird beetles, lacewings, and Aphidius wasps. | |
| Chemical: Spray insecticides such as Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, or Acephate at early infestation.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00773.jpg,Guava,Healthy,"Iron | |
| Deficiency Symptoms : | |
| Interveinal chlorosis in younger leaves. The youngest leaves become pale yellow. | |
| Corrective Measure : | |
| Soil application of FeSO4 @ 10 kg/ha. | |
| Magnesium | |
| Deficiency Symptoms : | |
| The deficiency symptom of interveinal chlorosis first appears in older leaves. Leaf tissue between the veins may be yellowish, bronze or reddish, while the leaf veins remain green. In severe cases, symptoms may appear on younger leaves and cause premature leaf drop. Symptoms occur most frequently in acid soils and soils receiving high amounts of K fertilizer or Ca. | |
| Correction Measure : | |
| Foliar spray of MgSO4 2% at fortnightly interval.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00347.jpg,Cucumber,Squash Bug,"Fruits are damaged by Bugs and fruit fly insects, removing infested and fallen fruits, using food-based traps or pheromone traps with attractants like methyl eugenol, and applying chemical or botanical sprays. | |
| In small gardens, cover young cucumbers with newspapers or cloth to physically prevent flies from laying eggs on them.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00661.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Symptoms of FAW damage, For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00623.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Late blight symptoms with water soaked spots appear on leaves, increase in size, turn purple brown& finally black colour | |
| White growth develops on under surface of leaves. | |
| Control measures: spraying with mancozeb or zineb 0.2 % should be done to prevent infection of tubers.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00227.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot; Leaf Miner,"leaf spot and sunken, brown spots on the leaves of the plant and also leaf miner infestation is visible",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00020.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Mites,yellowing of leaves and upward curling of the leaves are the main identifical marks of leaf curl virus infestation in the chilli plant. vector for this is white fly,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00710.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus; Whiteflies,"leaf curl virus infected tobaco leaves are seen with appearance of leafy outgrowths, stunting and curled leaves are the major symptoms as visible in leaves. leaf curl virus is caused by white fly and can be controled by destruction and use of yellow sticky trap",India,Bihar | |
| images/00856.jpg,Guava,Healthy,"Symptoms: | |
| Purple or reddish-purple coloration between the veins of older leaves. | |
| some time Potash and cold stress to the plants also leads to similar symptoms in this plant | |
| Measures: | |
| Apply Phosphorus-based Fertilizers: Use a phosphorus-rich fertilizer, such as superphosphate, bone meal, or rock phosphate. These fertilizers are good sources of phosphorus and help in improving root development and overall plant health | |
| -Potassium Fertilizers: Apply a potassium-rich fertilizer like potassium sulfate or muriate of potash to correct the deficiency | |
| -Check Soil pH: Phosphorus availability decreases in very acidic or alkaline soils so, rectification of soil pH with amendments will help in correcting the symptoms some extant | |
| -Protection: If the purple coloration is due to cold weather, consider providing protection for your guava trees",India,Bihar | |
| images/00899.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Leaf Symptoms: | |
| Older leaves show marginal chlorosis (yellowing at leaf edges). | |
| Leaves develop necrotic spots or die back from the tip. | |
| Leaf tips may curl or scorch. | |
| Stunted leaf growth, pale green color. | |
| measures: | |
| Apply potassium fertilizers such as: | |
| Muriate of Potash (KCl) – commonly used. | |
| Sulfate of Potash (K2SO4) – preferred if sulfur is also needed. | |
| Dosage: Typically, 30–60 kg K₂O/ha depending on soil test results.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00067.jpg,Tomato,Fruit Borer,"Symptoms : | |
| Fruit borers (Helicoverpa armigera / tomato fruit borer): | |
| Caterpillars bore holes into immature fruits, leaving frass (excrement) inside. | |
| Fruits may rot quickly after entry | |
| measures: | |
| Cultural: Rotate crops, remove affected fruits. | |
| Biological: Release Trichogramma wasps, encourage predators. | |
| Chemical: Use Bt, Neem oil, or pyrethroids. | |
| Barriers: Use insect netting and fruit bagging. | |
| Monitor: Use pheromone traps, check for pests. | |
| Preventive: Keep plants healthy, harvest early.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00801.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"the symptoms are | |
| leaf tip yellowing and drying | |
| slight curling of leaves (even younger) | |
| slight discolored spots | |
| the possible reasons for symptoms are; | |
| Water Stress: Dry tips, curling leaves. | |
| Potassium Deficiency: Yellow/brown tips, curling of older leaves. | |
| Excess Nitrogen: Curling, yellowing tips. | |
| Heat Stress: Dry tips, curling during hot weather. | |
| Pests/Disease: Curling, discoloration, spots (e.g., thrips or fusarium wilt). | |
| measures for the above symptoms: | |
| Water Stress: Ensure consistent and deep irrigation, especially during dry periods. | |
| Excess Nitrogen: Reduce nitrogen fertilizer application and use balanced fertilization. | |
| Potassium Deficiency: Apply potassium-rich fertilizers like muriate of potash based on soil test recommendations. | |
| Thrips: Use insecticidal soap or neem oil, and introduce natural predators like predatory mites.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00584.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"the identified symptoms are | |
| -small holes on the leaves | |
| -leaf spots on the leaves | |
| possible causes are; | |
| for leaf holes are; | |
| Pests: | |
| Caterpillars (e.g., Spodoptera): They feed on leaves, causing small holes. | |
| Control: Use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Neem oil, or pyrethroids for caterpillar control. | |
| Leafhoppers: They cause leaf spots and small holes due to feeding. | |
| Control: Apply insecticidal soap or systemic insecticides for leafhopper management | |
| leaf spot symptoms are due to; | |
| Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora arachidicola): Small spots that may grow larger, with yellow halos around them. | |
| Control: Apply fungicides (e.g., chlorothalonil) and practice crop rotation",India,Telangana | |
| images/00122.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Identified symptoms: | |
| wilting and yellowing and drying of leaves | |
| Wilting: | |
| Cause: Transplant shock due to root disturbance or inadequate water uptake after transplanting. | |
| Symptoms: Leaves droop or wilt, especially during hot or dry | |
| conditions. | |
| Solution: Ensure consistent moisture and shade during the first few days after transplanting to help seedlings acclimatize. | |
| (or) | |
| Root Rot: | |
| Cause: Waterlogged soil or fungal infections (e.g., Pythium, Fusarium). | |
| Symptoms: Yellowing of leaves, wilting, and possible plant death. | |
| Solution: Avoid overwatering, improve soil drainage, and treat with appropriate fungicides if necessary.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00911.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Symptoms: | |
| Leaf tip drying and slight curling of older leaves | |
| possible causes for the symptoms are; | |
| Water Stress | |
| Cause: Inconsistent watering, either too much or too little, can lead to leaf tip drying and curling. | |
| Symptoms: Dry, crispy tips on older leaves, possibly curling. | |
| Solution: Maintain consistent soil moisture, avoid waterlogging, and ensure good drainage. Water deeply but infrequently to encourage strong root development. | |
| (or) | |
| Potassium Deficiency: | |
| Cause: Potassium is crucial for leaf health and water regulation, and its deficiency often causes tip burn. | |
| Symptoms: Yellowing or browning of leaf tips, curling of older leaves. | |
| Solution: Apply potassium fertilizers (e.g., muriate of potash) according to soil test recommendations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00800.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"The symptoms are; | |
| purplish colouration on the interveinal areas | |
| Possible causes are; | |
| - phosphorus deficiency, which inhibits normal growth and leads to the accumulation of anthocyanin pigments. Other factors, such as genetic predisposition, cool weather, iron deficiency, or diseases, can also contribute to purpling, especially in young plants. | |
| -Cool temperatures: Cool nights can slow down the plant's ability to metabolize sugars, leading to a buildup of sugars that promotes anthocyanin production and purpling | |
| -Diseases: Conditions like the Corn Stunt Spiroplasma Disease can cause stunting and reddening of leaves | |
| Control measures: | |
| Confirm the cause: The specific pattern of purpling (e.g., only on old leaves, only on young leaves) can help narrow down the cause. A soil and tissue test can confirm nutrient deficiencies, advises | |
| -Improve phosphorus uptake: Apply appropriate phosphorus fertilizers, especially if soil tests indicate a deficiency. | |
| -Improve soil conditions: Amend the soil with organic matter, which can improve nutrient availability and soil structure",India,Bihar | |
| images/00806.jpg,Maize,Downy Mildew; Fall Armyworm,"aphid attack visible in maize leaf surface with symptoms like yellowing of leaves, the pest is not listed in the crop. which can controlled by seed treatment of thiamethoxam @3.5 gm/kg seed and conservation of natural enemies as coccinellids, chrysopids and syphids",India,Bihar | |
| images/00714.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus; Fruit Fly; Papaya Mealybug,"papaya leaf curlvirus like symptoms is visible which is nto mentioned in the list. dead leaves, curling of leaves are the symptoms for leaf curl virus | |
| the control measure are use of yellow sticky trap and avoid growing of crop like chilli, tomato, gooseberry near by crop",India,Bihar | |
| images/00854.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot,"Symptoms: | |
| Rusty spots on the underside of banana leaves are usually caused by Sigatoka disease (Yellow Sigatoka), a fungal infection caused by Mycosphaerella musicola. | |
| -Symptoms: Rusty or yellow streaks/spots on the underside of leaves, later turning brown. | |
| Cause: High humidity and poor air circulation favor fungal growth. | |
| -Management: | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves. | |
| Apply fungicides like mancozeb or copper-based sprays as per recommended guidelines. | |
| Improve spacing and drainage to reduce humidity.",India,Kerala | |
| images/00327.jpg,Groundnut,Collar Rot,"Symptom: Root Rot in Groundnut | |
| Cause: Macrophomina phaseolina fungus. | |
| Symptoms: Drying of plants, black discoloration of roots, hollow stem. | |
| Control: | |
| Seed treatment with Thiram or Carbendazim. | |
| Crop rotation and soil solarization. | |
| Apply Trichoderma in soil for biological control.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00632.jpg,Cauliflower,Black Rot,"symptom: Black Rot (Xanthomonas campestris): | |
| Symptoms: Black discoloration on curd and stem, slimy decay. | |
| Control: Store at low temperature (0–2 °C), maintain hygiene, avoid mechanical injury.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00783.jpg,Gram,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery Mildew in Blackgram | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White, powdery fungal growth on upper leaf surfaces. | |
| Leaves turn yellow, curl, and dry prematurely. | |
| Severe infection reduces pod formation and yield. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Use resistant varieties, avoid dense planting, and ensure good air circulation. | |
| Biological: Spray neem oil (2%) or Trichoderma-based formulations. | |
| Chemical: Apply wettable sulfur (0.2%) or carbendazim (0.1%) at early stages; repeat if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00178.jpg,Onion,Downy Mildew,"Identified symptoms: | |
| White powdery and greyish spots on onion leaves indicate fungal diseases: | |
| Possible Causes | |
| Powdery Mildew (Leveillula taurica): | |
| White powdery growth on leaf surface. | |
| Leaves turn yellow and dry prematurely. | |
| Downy Mildew (Peronospora destructor): | |
| Greyish-purple mold on leaves, often with yellow patches. | |
| Leaves collapse under humid conditions. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural: Ensure good drainage, avoid overhead irrigation, and rotate crops. | |
| Biological: Spray neem oil (2%) or garlic extract as preventive. | |
| Chemical: | |
| For Powdery Mildew: Wettable sulfur (0.2%) or carbendazim (0.1%). | |
| For Downy Mildew: Mancozeb (0.25%) or metalaxyl + mancozeb at 10–15 day intervals.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00284.jpg,Citrus,Citrus Psyllid,"Citrus Psyllid Damage: | |
| Nymphs and adults suck sap from young shoots and leaves, causing leaf curling, yellowing, and stunted growth. | |
| They transmit Citrus Greening (Huanglongbing), a severe disease that reduces fruit quality and tree lifespan. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Prune infested shoots, maintain orchard hygiene, and avoid dense planting. | |
| Biological: Release predators like Tamarixia radiata and use neem-based sprays. | |
| Chemical: Apply imidacloprid or thiamethoxam as soil drench or foliar spray at recommended doses; rotate chemicals to prevent resistance.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00380.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm (FAW) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaf Damage: Window-pane feeding on young leaves; later, large irregular holes. | |
| Frass: Sawdust-like droppings in leaf whorls. | |
| Larvae Presence: Caterpillars hiding in whorls during the day. | |
| Severe Infestation: Stunted growth and poor cob development. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Early sowing, deep ploughing, and crop rotation. | |
| Mechanical: Hand-pick larvae and destroy egg masses. | |
| Biological: | |
| Release Trichogramma egg parasitoids. | |
| Spray neem-based formulations (5%) or Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis). | |
| Chemical: | |
| Apply spinosad (0.3 ml/L) or emamectin benzoate (0.4 g/L) when infestation crosses threshold (5% plants damaged). | |
| Rotate insecticides to prevent resistance.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00376.jpg,Potato,Potato Tuber Moth; Cutworms,"Potato leaves with holes from the edges usually indicate leaf-feeding pests, mainly: | |
| Likely Cause | |
| Potato Tuber Moth larvae or leaf-eating caterpillars feed on leaf margins. | |
| Sometimes beetles (e.g., Epilachna beetle) cause similar damage. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Irregular holes starting from leaf edges. | |
| Skeletonized leaves in severe cases. | |
| Presence of larvae or beetles on underside of leaves. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural: Remove infested leaves, maintain field hygiene, and rotate crops. | |
| Biological: Spray neem oil (2–3%) or Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) for caterpillars. | |
| Chemical: If severe, apply spinosad (0.3 ml/L) or cypermethrin (as per label), following safety guidelines.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00296.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Dolichos Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Light green or yellow mosaic patterns on leaves. | |
| Leaf distortion, curling, and stunted growth. | |
| Reduced flowering and pod formation. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: | |
| Use virus-free seeds and resistant varieties. | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants. | |
| Control weeds that act as virus hosts. | |
| Vector Control: | |
| The virus spreads through aphids and whiteflies. | |
| Spray neem oil (2%) or soap solution to manage vectors. | |
| Chemical: | |
| Apply systemic insecticides like imidacloprid or thiamethoxam for severe vector infestation (as per label).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00704.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt; Mites,"mites infection is visible, making a web like appearance all over the leaves. mites can be controlled by application of wettable sulfur or dicofol and biologically can be controlled by spraying predatory mites, lady beetles and lacewings",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00657.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus; Whiteflies,"tobacco mosaic virus appears which is caused by whitefly, the symptoms include discoloration and downward curling and pluffy leaves. this can be controlled by application of imidacloprid and through placing yellow sticky trap in the field",India,Bihar | |
| images/00265.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips; Mites,"the plant is infected with leaf curl virus caused by whitefly. symptoms include upwrad curling, discolorationa nd leaf deformities. can be controled through use of pesticides like imidacloprid, thiamethoxam.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00126.jpg,Mango,Bacterial Canker; Mealybugs; Mango Hopper,"leaves and leaf stalks are infected, severe infection cause defoliation and leaves may drop. control measure",India,Bihar | |
| images/00556.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot; Banana Weevil,"leaves show ellipthical spots where the centre of these spots turns to light grey color surrounded byhalo. forms irregular patches, rapid drying occurs | |
| can be controlled by spraying propiconazole and mancozeb at 10-15 days interval",India,Bihar | |
| images/00124.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Infestation of borer and caterpillars(spodoptera) on plants of brinjal. Initial stages Neem oil,1500ppm Azhadiractin @1ml per liter of water to be sprayed at 8-days interval. | |
| For managing fruit borer infestations in brinjal, you can use Emamectin Benzoate or Lambda-Cyhalothrin.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00878.jpg,Soybean,Healthy,"its seems like nitrogen or potassium deficiency, symptoms include yellowing of leaves and mainly effect older leaves. | |
| can spray mop or urea based on the recommendation 100:80:80",India,Bihar | |
| images/00045.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"In the given image brinjal shoot and fruit borer damage is identified | |
| Symptoms in shoots are ; | |
| Larvae bore into tender shoots, causing wilting and drying of terminal shoots. | |
| Drooping of leaves and “dead hearts” in severe cases. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy infested shoots/fruits; rotate crops; maintain field sanitation. | |
| Mechanical: Hand-pick larvae; install pheromone traps (10–12 per acre). | |
| Biological: Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt); apply neem-based products (NSKE 5%, neem oil); encourage natural parasitoids. | |
| Chemical: Use insecticides like Carbaryl (3 g/l), Profenofos (2 ml/l), or Cypermethrin (1 ml/l) judiciously; avoid residues near harvest. | |
| IPM: Combine all methods with regular monitoring for sustainable control.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00313.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"The identified symptom in the given image is Potato leaf curl virus; and vector for this is Aphid | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves: Upward rolling of margins, stiff and leathery texture, chlorosis or purple tint on edges. | |
| Plants: Stunted growth, erect appearance. | |
| Tubers: Net necrosis (brown strands in vascular tissue), smaller size, poor market quality. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Use Certified Seed: Plant virus-free seed tubers to prevent primary infection. | |
| Rogueing: Remove and destroy infected plants early. | |
| Vector Management: Control aphids (main carriers) using systemic insecticides early in the crop cycle. | |
| Cultural Practices: Eliminate volunteer plants and avoid planting near infected fields. | |
| Resistant Varieties: Prefer varieties with tolerance to PLRV where available. | |
| Integrated Approach: Combine clean seed, aphid control, and field sanitation for effective management.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00007.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"yellowing and upward curling of leaves are the main symptoms of chilli leaf curl virus. which can be controlled by using by applying carbofuron @4-5 kg/ha, can also be controlled by using yellow sticky trap and intercrop with pest repellant crop",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00203.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus; Papaya Mealybug,"picture seems ot be of papaya stem root which basically includes symptooms of black or browing of stems and drooping of affected leaves. which can be controlled by using fingicide like metalaxy, cooper oxychloride and biological control like trichoderma viride",India,Bihar | |
| images/00739.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Wheat seedlings having symptoms of Nitrogen deficiency, which can be controlled by soil application of Urea(Neem coated )@20kg per acre or foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00736.jpg,Bhindi,Healthy,"Apply calcium-rich amendments like lime, gypsum, or calcium nitrate to the soil. Foliar Sprays: Use foliar sprays containing calcium chloride, calcium acetate, or calcium nitrate to provide a quick boost of calcium to the plant.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00487.jpg,Garlic,Healthy,Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea or Neem coated Urea is also applicable to the soil after weeding during earthing up.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00266.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,Symptoms of Leaf spot in Groundnut. At present condition it can be controlled by foliar spray of Tebuconazole or Chlorothalonil@ 1ml per liter of water.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00731.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,The brinjal plant is affected with mites as per symptoms. Acaricides like Dicofol (0.05%) and Wettable Sulphur (0.3%) gives effective control of mites. Collection and burning of severely infested plant parts reduces further multiplication of mites.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00292.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"Papaya plant shows Potassium deficiency, yellowing (chlorosis) on older leaves, starting at the edges and between veins, developing into dead (necrotic) spots and drying from tips inward, causing poor growth, small leaves, and bad fruit quality. K-deficiency corrected with Potassium Chloride (KCl) foliar sprays@2gm per liter of water or application of K-rich fertilizers, as K is vital for sugars and fruit size.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00350.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall armyworm in Maize plant, to control for early infestations, apply biopesticides like Neem azadirachtin,1500ppm@3ml per liter of water or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide@1ml per liter of water to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00218.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Symptoms are of Molybdenum deficiency ,having whiptail like signs, the curds are deformed and not in proper shape and stunted growth. Control measure by applying Lime to reduce acidity thus making Molybdenum available or Apply sodium molybdate or ammonium molybdate (e.g., 1-2 kg/acre or 10-15 kg/ha) as a soil application or foliar spray.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00253.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Potato wilt | |
| Observed symptoms: | |
| -Sudden -wilting of plants, even when soil has moisture | |
| -Yellowing and drying of lower leaves first | |
| -Brown discoloration in stem/vascular tissue when cut | |
| -Plants may collapse and die early | |
| -In bacterial wilt, milky ooze may come out when stem is cut and dipped in water | |
| Control / Management | |
| -Use disease-free, certified seed tubers | |
| -Follow crop rotation (3–4 years) with non-host crops | |
| -Ensure good drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| -Remove and destroy infected plants immediately | |
| -Seed treatment with bioagents (Trichoderma) | |
| -For fungal wilt: soil drenching with Carbendazim | |
| -Maintain field sanitation and balanced nutrition",India,Bihar | |
| images/00219.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Chilli mites – symptoms and control measures | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves become small, thick, curled and brittle | |
| Crinkled, wrinkled appearance of leaves | |
| Shortened internodes, bushy growth | |
| Flower and fruit drop | |
| Fruits become small, rough or deformed | |
| Overall stunted plant growth | |
| Control measures | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested plant parts | |
| Maintain proper irrigation and field sanitation | |
| Spray neem oil (2–3 ml/L) or azadirachtin | |
| Use wettable sulphur (2 g/L) or miticides as recommended | |
| Encourage natural predators (lady beetles, predatory mites) | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilization",India,Telangana | |
| images/00728.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal (eggplant) mites – symptoms and control measures | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves show yellow or pale specks that later turn bronze | |
| Downward curling and drying of leaves | |
| Fine webbing on underside of leaves in severe cases | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit size | |
| Leaves may drop prematurely | |
| Control measures | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves | |
| Maintain proper irrigation; avoid drought stress | |
| Spray neem oil (2–3 ml/L) or azadirachtin | |
| Use wettable sulphur (2 g/L) or recommended acaricides if infestation is severe | |
| Encourage natural enemies (predatory mites) | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizers | |
| Early detection and timely spraying help prevent yield loss",India,Bihar | |
| images/00536.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Tomato Leaf Curl Disease – Overview | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves become small, thick, curled, and distorted | |
| Yellowing of leaves, especially older ones | |
| Stunted growth of plants | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit set | |
| In severe cases, plants may stop growing and yield drops significantly | |
| Causes: | |
| Caused by Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) | |
| Transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) | |
| Control / Management: | |
| Use resistant tomato varieties | |
| Control whiteflies with neem oil, sticky traps, or insecticidal sprays | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants to prevent spread | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen, which favors vector multiplication | |
| Practice crop rotation and field sanitation | |
| Tip: Early detection and vector management are crucial to reduce disease impact.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00330.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"chilli leaf spot: | |
| Chilli Leaf Spot (caused by Cercospora spp.) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Small, circular, brown or dark spots on leaves | |
| Spots may have yellow halos | |
| Severe infection causes leaf drying and defoliation | |
| Can also affect stems and fruits | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use disease-free seeds and resistant varieties | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves | |
| Maintain good spacing and ventilation | |
| Spray copper oxychloride (0.25–0.3%) or mancozeb (0.25%) at 10–15 day intervals | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilization",India,Telangana | |
| images/00469.jpg,Cauliflower,Downy Mildew,"Bolting & Blackening of Heads and slight symptoms of downy mildew | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Premature flower stalk elongation | |
| Head formation is delayed or incomplete | |
| Leaves may appear elongated and loose | |
| Causes: | |
| Low temperatures after seedlings are 4–6 weeks old | |
| Variety sensitivity to cold | |
| Water stress or irregular irrigation | |
| Management: | |
| Choose bolt-resistant varieties | |
| Sow at the correct season to avoid cold stress | |
| Maintain consistent irrigation and nutrition | |
| Avoid delays in transplanting | |
| 2. Blackening of Heads | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White cauliflower head develops black or brown patches | |
| Tissue becomes discolored and decayed | |
| Affects marketable quality | |
| Causes: | |
| Fungal infections (Alternaria, Sclerotinia) | |
| Waterlogging or poor drainage | |
| Excess nitrogen or prolonged leaf wetness | |
| Management: | |
| Ensure proper drainage and avoid waterlogging | |
| Remove infected leaves promptly | |
| Spray fungicides like mancozeb (0.25%) or copper oxychloride | |
| Practice crop rotation and maintain field hygiene | |
| Tip: Timely transplanting, balanced fertilization, and good field sanitation reduce both problems.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00277.jpg,Bitter gourd,Healthy,"Bitter Gourd – Leaf Spot, Yellowing, and Downy Mildew: Symptoms & Control | |
| 1. Leaf Spot | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Small brown or black spots on leaves | |
| Spots may merge, causing leaf blight | |
| Severe infection leads to premature leaf drop | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use disease-free seeds | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves | |
| Spray copper oxychloride (0.25%) or mancozeb (0.25%) at 10–15 day intervals | |
| Maintain proper spacing and ventilation | |
| 2. Yellowing of Leaves | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves turn yellow starting from older leaves | |
| May be associated with nutrient deficiency (N, Mg, Fe), water stress, or early disease | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Apply balanced NPK based on soil test | |
| Correct micronutrient deficiencies (e.g., Fe chelates for iron) | |
| Maintain consistent irrigation | |
| Control pests causing yellowing (aphids, whiteflies) | |
| 3. Downy Mildew (Early Symptoms) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Light yellow patches on upper leaf surface | |
| Grayish or purplish fuzzy growth on the underside of leaves | |
| Leaves may curl or wither in severe cases | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Spray mancozeb (0.25%) or metalaxyl + mancozeb at early stage | |
| Ensure good air circulation and sunlight | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation; water early in the day | |
| Remove severely infected leaves | |
| Tip: Early detection and regular fungicide sprays, along with proper nutrient and water management, reduce disease spread and protect yield.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00407.jpg,Ridge gourd,Powdery Mildew,"Ridge Gourd – Powdery Mildew: | |
| Symptoms | |
| White, powdery coating on upper and lower leaf surfaces | |
| Leaves may curl, become yellow, and dry | |
| Severe infection can affect flowers and young fruits, reducing yield | |
| Stunted plant growth in heavy infestation | |
| Control Measures | |
| Use resistant varieties if available | |
| Ensure proper plant spacing for good air circulation | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves | |
| Spray fungicides: | |
| Wettable sulphur (2–3 g/L) | |
| Mancozeb (0.25%) or triforine as per recommendations | |
| Apply potash-rich fertilizers to strengthen plants | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen, which favors fungal growth",India,Bihar | |
| images/00548.jpg,Rice,Brown Spot,"Rice – Narrow Brown Leaf Spot: Symptoms & Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small, narrow, brown lesions on leaf blades | |
| Lesions may elongate and merge, causing leaf drying | |
| Severe infection can reduce photosynthesis and yield | |
| Usually appears during tillering to flowering stage | |
| Cause: | |
| Fungal disease caused by Cercospora oryzae | |
| Control Measures | |
| Use disease-free seeds and resistant varieties | |
| Practice proper spacing and avoid dense planting | |
| Remove and burn infected straw and plant debris | |
| Maintain balanced nitrogen application | |
| Spray fungicides: | |
| Mancozeb (0.25%) | |
| Copper oxychloride (0.25%) at 10–15 day intervals if infection appears | |
| Avoid prolonged leaf wetness and water stagnation",India,Odisha | |
| images/00782.jpg,Papaya,Powdery Mildew,"Papaya – Powdery Mildew: Symptoms & Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| White, powdery fungal growth on leaves, stems, and young fruits | |
| Leaves may curl, yellow, and dry in severe infection | |
| Reduced photosynthesis and fruit size | |
| Young fruits may develop scabby patches | |
| Cause: | |
| Fungal infection caused by Oidium caricae | |
| Control Measures | |
| Use resistant or tolerant varieties | |
| Ensure good air circulation and proper spacing | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves | |
| Spray sulphur (2–3 g/L) or wettable sulphur | |
| For severe cases, use triforine or systemic fungicides as recommended | |
| Avoid over-fertilization with nitrogen, which favors fungal growth",India,Bihar | |
| images/00781.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) – Symptoms & Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves become small, thick, and curled | |
| Yellowing of young leaves | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit set | |
| Severe infection may cause plant death or complete yield loss | |
| Cause: | |
| Caused by begomovirus | |
| Transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) | |
| Control Measures | |
| Use virus-free, resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Control whiteflies using neem oil, insecticidal sprays, or sticky traps | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants promptly | |
| Maintain field sanitation and avoid nearby host weeds | |
| Practice crop rotation and avoid continuous chilli cultivation | |
| Tip: Early detection and vector management are critical to minimize losses.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00888.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"mite Symptoms | |
| Leaves become small, curled, and thickened | |
| Yellow or bronze patches appear on leaves | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Flower and fruit drop | |
| Severe infestation may reduce yield significantly | |
| Control Measures | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves | |
| Maintain proper irrigation and field hygiene | |
| Spray neem oil (2–3 ml/L) or azadirachtin | |
| Use wettable sulphur (2 g/L) or recommended acaricides for severe infestation | |
| Encourage natural predators like ladybugs and predatory mites | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization, which favors mite multiplication",India,Bihar | |
| images/00945.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm; Stem Borer,"Corn Leaf Whorl Cut – Causes | |
| Stem borer larvae (e.g., Asian Corn Borer): Feed inside the whorl, cutting or scraping young leaves | |
| Fall armyworm: Chews through emerging leaves in the whorl | |
| Leaf-feeding caterpillars: Damage new leaves in early stages | |
| Mechanical injury: Wind, hail, or handling can also cause cuts | |
| Management: | |
| Monitor whorls regularly for larvae presence | |
| Apply biopesticides like Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for caterpillars | |
| Use recommended insecticides if infestation is severe | |
| Remove infested leaves to reduce pest load",India,Bihar | |
| images/00466.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Potato Blight (Phytophthora infestans) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves: Water-soaked, dark green patches → turn brown and necrotic; white fungal growth may appear underneath in humid conditions | |
| Stems: Dark lesions, softening, or rotting | |
| Tubers: Brown/black sunken spots; may rot internally | |
| Spread: Rapid in cool, wet, and humid conditions | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use disease-free, certified seed tubers | |
| Crop rotation with non-host crops (e.g., cereals) | |
| Ensure good drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves and tubers | |
| Apply fungicides: | |
| Mancozeb (0.25%) or chlorothalonil for prevention | |
| Metalaxyl + Mancozeb for curative action | |
| Maintain field sanitation and avoid dense planting | |
| Irrigate early in the day to allow leaves to dry quickly",India,Bihar | |
| images/00341.jpg,Rice,Rice Bug,"Rice – Yellow Hairy Caterpillar (Psalis pennatula) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Caterpillars feed on leaf blades, leaving irregular holes | |
| Young seedlings may be completely defoliated | |
| Leaves appear ragged and skeletonized | |
| Caterpillars are yellowish with long hair | |
| Severe infestation can stunt plant growth and reduce yield | |
| Control Measures | |
| Handpick and destroy caterpillars in small fields | |
| Encourage natural predators (birds, spiders) | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for early-stage larvae | |
| Use recommended insecticides if infestation is severe | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds that host larvae",India,Telangana | |
| images/00938.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize – Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) | |
| Damage Symptoms | |
| Leaf feeding: Leaves have irregular, ragged holes; often look “shredded” | |
| Whorl damage: Young leaves in the whorl are cut, causing torn, folded leaves | |
| Frass (droppings): Dark green/black droppings visible on leaves and whorls | |
| Cob damage: Larvae may bore into developing cobs, reducing grain quality | |
| Plant stunting: Severe infestation can stunt growth and reduce yield | |
| Control Measures | |
| Early monitoring of whorls for larvae | |
| Handpick and destroy egg masses or small larvae in small fields | |
| Encourage natural predators like ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) or spinosad for early-stage larvae | |
| Use recommended chemical insecticides for heavy infestations | |
| Practice field sanitation and remove weed hosts",India,Telangana | |
| images/00703.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,"The symptoms are of typical Nitrogen deficiency, lower leaves turning yellow, starting from margin. | |
| Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00560.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus infestation, it can not be cured, the severely affected plants are uprooted and destroyed. To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water, or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00508.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato plants affected with Leaf roll virus with Aphids infestation. | |
| An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers.Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00125.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Mango plant having severe powdery mildew. Apply neem oil, carbonic acid, or even milk (whey) for natural control. Dust with fine sulfur powder or spray Wettable Sulfur (0.2%) before flowering starts for chemical control.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00114.jpg,Cotton,Jassids,"Cotton leaves pale yellow, with margins developing reddish or bronze patches. ""Hopper Burn"": A signature symptom where leaves dry, turn brown, crumble, and fall off. | |
| Apply targeted insecticides (like imidacloprid, thiamethoxam) to leaf undersides, or use neem oil for organic control.",India,Gujarat | |
| images/00006.jpg,Tomato,Fruit Borer,"Tomato plant affected by flea beetle adults cause the majority of injury to plants by causing defoliation known as “shot hole” injury. This occurs when the beetles chew numerous small holes on the leaves of infested plants or there is presence of shoot and fruit borer caterpillars. Control by spray of Neem oil,300ppm@5ml per liter of water or chemical control by applying Spinosad or Emamectin benzoate @ 3ml in 10-liters of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00289.jpg,Maize,Turcicum Leaf Blight; Stem Borer,"stem borer like pest appears with visible symptoms of hole and feeding damage on leaves | |
| can spray benzoate to control it",India,Bihar | |
| images/00438.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight; Mites,"the image looks like hadda bettle/ spotted lady bird beetle which is not included i list- the leaves appear les cholorophyl/hopper burn symptoms and skeletonize entire surface. | |
| control measure include carbaryl @3g/lt",India,Bihar | |
| images/00173.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight; Mites,"leaf curl virus like symptoms are visible which are not listed | |
| discoloration and upward curling of leaves are the symptoms of leaf curl virus. | |
| crop rotation, mulching can help in controlling",India,Bihar | |
| images/00435.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm Damage Symptoms: | |
| Leaf damage: Irregular holes, particularly on younger leaves. | |
| Feeding on whorls: Larvae feed on maize whorls, causing the plant to appear “tattered”. | |
| Root and ear damage: The larvae can bore into the ears, reducing kernel development. | |
| Stunted growth: Plants may become stunted due to continuous feeding. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Insecticidal sprays: Use spinosad or Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for effective control. | |
| Neem oil: Natural option to repel and disrupt pest feeding. | |
| Pheromone traps: To monitor and reduce adult moth populations. | |
| Biological control: Introduce natural predators like parasitoid wasps. | |
| Handpicking: Manually remove visible larvae and eggs. | |
| Crop rotation: Prevent pest buildup by rotating crops.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00235.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Stunted growth and excessive vegetative branching in mango can be caused by: | |
| Excess nitrogen – Promotes excessive branching, reducing fruiting. | |
| Zinc deficiency – Leads to stunted growth and weak plants. | |
| Phosphorus deficiency – Results in poor root and plant development. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Balanced fertilization – Avoid excess nitrogen; ensure phosphorus and potassium. | |
| Zinc supplementation – Apply zinc sulfate or zinc chelate. | |
| Pruning – Trim excess growth to encourage fruiting. | |
| Soil testing – Adjust fertilizers based on nutrient levels. | |
| Proper irrigation – Avoid over-watering to prevent nutrient imbalances.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00069.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"Chili Wilt Symptoms: | |
| Wilting of leaves: Leaves droop and curl, especially during the heat of the day. | |
| Yellowing: Yellowing of older leaves, starting from the tips. | |
| Stunted growth: Plants may become stunted or fail to thrive. | |
| Root rot: Dark, mushy roots when pulled from the soil, often accompanied by a foul smell. | |
| Dieback: Death of growing tips or branches. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Resistant varieties: Use disease-resistant chili varieties. | |
| Soil drainage: Improve drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. | |
| Fungicide application: Apply fungicides like copper-based products or mancozeb to control fungal infections. | |
| Soil solarization: Heat the soil by covering it with plastic to kill pathogens. | |
| Crop rotation: Rotate crops to reduce pathogen buildup in the soil. | |
| Proper irrigation: Avoid over-watering and ensure deep, infrequent watering.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00158.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal Leaf crinkling and bronzing in brinjal can be caused by: | |
| Aphids, whiteflies, or spider mites – Feed on leaves, causing crinkling and bronzing. | |
| Nutrient deficiencies – Lack of potassium or magnesium. | |
| Viral infections – Can cause leaf distortion. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Neem oil or insecticidal soap for pest control. | |
| Miticides for spider mites. | |
| Fertilize with potassium and magnesium. | |
| Prune infected leaves and ensure proper water management.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00453.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV) Symptoms: | |
| Yellowing of leaves, especially older ones. | |
| Deformed, distorted leaves with a mottled appearance. | |
| Dark green spots or rings on yellowed leaves. | |
| Stunted growth and reduced fruit yield. | |
| Widespread plant decline in advanced stages. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants to prevent spread. | |
| Use resistant varieties of papaya. | |
| Control aphid vectors with insecticides or neem oil. | |
| Proper spacing and crop rotation to reduce virus transmission. | |
| Disinfect tools to avoid cross-contamination.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00904.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Large holes on brinjal (eggplant) leaves are often caused by: | |
| Causes: | |
| Caterpillars (e.g., armyworms, fruit and shoot borer) – Feed on leaves, causing large holes. | |
| Snails and slugs – They chew holes in soft tissue. | |
| Grasshoppers – Can cause significant leaf damage by eating large chunks. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Handpicking – Remove caterpillars, snails, and slugs manually. | |
| Neem oil or spinosad – Organic pesticides for caterpillars and insects. | |
| Diatomaceous earth – Apply around plants to control slugs and snails. | |
| Insecticidal soap – For soft-bodied pests like aphids or larvae. | |
| Crop rotation – Helps reduce pest buildup and prevents repeated infestations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00207.jpg,Onion,Downy Mildew,"Watery onion leaves with fuzzy growth are likely caused by: | |
| Downy Mildew: Yellowing and fuzzy gray growth on leaf undersides. | |
| Control: Apply fungicides like mancozeb, remove infected leaves, improve air circulation. | |
| White Rot: Cotton-like fungal growth at the base and on roots. | |
| Control: Remove and destroy infected plants, apply Chlorothalonil, rotate crops. | |
| Bacterial Soft Rot: Soft, watery leaves with a foul smell. | |
| Control: Prune infected leaves, improve drainage, reduce watering.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00266.jpg,Potato,Late Blight; Aphids,"Dark spots, yellowing and leaf edges drying is symptoms.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00185.jpg,Turmeric,Healthy,"Turmeric leaves having potassium deficiency the yellowing is often more pronounced at the leaf edges. | |
| Apply MOP(Muriate of potash)@ 10 to 15kg per acre after soil test, Foliar spray of potassium nitrate@ 2gm per liter of water is advised for standing crop",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00730.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Potato plants showing Calcium deficiency, young leaves drying with twisted margins. | |
| Apply calcium-rich amendments like lime, gypsum, or calcium nitrate to the soil. Foliar Sprays: Use foliar sprays containing calcium chloride, calcium acetate, or calcium nitrate to provide a quick boost of calcium to the plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00765.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Bacterial wilt – symptoms and control measures | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Sudden wilting of young leaves during the day, with partial recovery at night | |
| Permanent wilting of the entire plant without yellowing | |
| Brown discoloration of vascular tissues in stem | |
| Milky white bacterial ooze from cut stem when placed in water | |
| Poor root development and eventual plant death | |
| Control measures: | |
| Use disease-free and resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Practice crop rotation with non-host crops (cereals, legumes) | |
| Ensure good drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Soil solarization or application of bleaching powder/lime in infested fields | |
| Use biocontrol agents like Pseudomonas fluorescens or Bacillus spp. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and avoid movement of contaminated soil",India,Bihar | |
| images/00891.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"the identified disease is leaf curl which is not listed in the given options above | |
| Tobacco leaf curl – symptoms and control | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Upward or downward curling of leaves | |
| Thickened, leathery, and crinkled leaves | |
| Stunted plant growth and shortened internodes | |
| Reduced leaf size and poor leaf quality | |
| Heavy infestation leads to severe yield reduction | |
| Control measures: | |
| Use healthy, virus-free seedlings | |
| Rogue out and destroy infected plants at early stages | |
| Control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), the vector, using need-based insecticides | |
| Use yellow sticky traps to monitor and reduce whitefly population | |
| Remove weed hosts around the field | |
| Grow tolerant/resistant varieties if available | |
| Maintain proper spacing and balanced fertilization",India,Bihar | |
| images/00779.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Reasons: | |
| Viral infection (leaf curl/mosaic), nutrient deficiencies (N, Zn, B), poor drainage or root damage, and herbicide injury cause poor leaves and weak stem in papaya. | |
| Control measures: | |
| Use healthy seedlings, control vectors (whiteflies/aphids), apply balanced nutrients with micronutrients, ensure good drainage and avoid herbicide drift.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00851.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal leaf roller – damage symptoms and control measures | |
| Damage symptoms: | |
| Leaves rolled and webbed together by larvae | |
| Larvae feed inside rolled leaves, causing skeletonization | |
| Reduced photosynthetic area and stunted plant growth | |
| Severe infestation leads to poor flowering and yield loss | |
| Control measures: | |
| Collect and destroy rolled leaves with larvae | |
| Install pheromone or light traps for monitoring | |
| Encourage natural enemies (parasitoids, predators) | |
| Spray neem oil/neem-based formulations or need-based recommended insecticides",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00482.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Cutworms damage: | |
| Chilli leaf cutting from the edges is mainly caused by cutworms (Agrotis spp.). | |
| They feed at night and cause irregular, semicircular cuts along the leaf margins, especially on young plants. | |
| Control measures for cutworm in chilli: | |
| Collect and destroy larvae and damaged plants during evening hours | |
| Keep field clean; remove weeds and crop residues | |
| Light irrigation to expose larvae to predators | |
| Apply neem cake in soil before transplanting | |
| Use bait (rice bran + jaggery + recommended insecticide) in the evening | |
| Soil application or spray of recommended insecticides around plant base, if infestation is severe",India,Bihar | |
| images/00790.jpg,Maize,Stem Borer,"Leaf minor symptoms: White scratchy symptoms on maize leaves are usually caused by leaf miner damage. | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Irregular white or silvery streaks/tunnels on leaves | |
| Larvae feed inside leaf tissue, leaving scratch-like marks | |
| Severe infestation reduces photosynthesis and stunts growth | |
| Control: | |
| Remove and destroy affected leaves | |
| Encourage natural enemies (parasitoids) | |
| Spray neem-based insecticides or recommended chemical insecticides if infestation is high",India,Bihar | |
| images/00693.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Miner,"Groundnut – Tobacco caterpillar damage | |
| Damage symptoms: | |
| Larvae feed on leaves, leaving large irregular holes | |
| Young leaves may be completely eaten, leaving only midrib | |
| Plants appear defoliated, stunted, and weakened | |
| Heavy infestation reduces pod formation and yield | |
| Control measures: | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae in small fields | |
| Encourage natural enemies (parasitic wasps, birds) | |
| Spray Neem oil or neem-based formulations | |
| Use recommended insecticides if infestation is severe | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds that harbor larvae",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00262.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV) infection: | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves curl backwards (abaxial curling) and become crinkled | |
| Leaves turn dark green, thick, and leathery | |
| Leaf size may become elongated | |
| Plant growth is stunted, flowering is reduced, and yield drops | |
| Control measures: | |
| Use virus-free seedlings and resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), the vector, with insecticides or yellow sticky traps | |
| Rogue out and destroy infected plants immediately | |
| Maintain field hygiene and remove weed hosts around the field | |
| Balanced fertilization to keep plants healthy and reduce stress",India,Bihar | |
| images/00397.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango malformation – Vegetative | |
| Symptoms: Deformed shoots and flowers, dense bushy growth, twisted leaves, and reduced fruit set. | |
| Control: Prune and destroy affected parts, use healthy grafts, apply copper fungicides, and maintain proper nutrition and spacing.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00002.jpg,Guava,Healthy,"Purple or reddish coloration on the upper leaf surface is usually due to phosphorus deficiency or sometimes viral infection. | |
| Cold or environmental stress – low temperatures can trigger anthocyanin accumulation, giving a purple tinge. | |
| Magnesium deficiency – sometimes causes interveinal purpling in older leaves. | |
| Excess sunlight or water stress – can lead to reddish or purplish leaves due to anthocyanin production | |
| Control: Apply phosphatic fertilizers for P deficiency, magnesium sulfate for Mg deficiency, and use mulching, windbreaks, or covers to reduce cold stress.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00130.jpg,Maize,Stem Borer; Fall Armyworm,"Maize – Heart Shoot Damage (Cutting): Fall army warm or Stem borer | |
| Cause/Symptoms: | |
| Damage is caused by stem borers or cutworms cutting the central growing shoot (heart) of young maize plants. | |
| The central shoot is cut or destroyed, leading to wilting of the plant. | |
| Leaves may appear chewed, and seedlings may collapse. | |
| Severe damage can kill the plant or stunt growth. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae in small fields | |
| Use recommended insecticides at the base of seedlings for severe infestation | |
| Maintain field hygiene, remove weeds and crop residues | |
| Use pest-resistant varieties if available",India,Bihar | |
| images/00930.jpg,Maize,Stem Borer; Fall Armyworm,"Chewing damage in leaf whorls of maize: | |
| Irregular holes and ragged margins on emerging leaves | |
| Shot-hole appearance when leaves unfurl | |
| Presence of frass (insect excreta) inside the whorl | |
| Usually caused by fall armyworm or stem borer larvae | |
| Control measures for chewing damage in maize leaf whorls: | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae and egg masses | |
| Apply neem-based formulations (neem oil/neem seed kernel extract) into whorls | |
| Release biocontrol agents (Trichogramma spp.) | |
| Apply recommended insecticides directed into the whorl in severe infestation | |
| Maintain field sanitation and regular monitoring",India,Bihar | |
| images/00551.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango anthracnose – symptoms: | |
| Dark brown to black sunken spots on leaves, flowers, and fruits | |
| Blighting of panicles and flower drop | |
| Mango gall fly – symptoms: | |
| Formation of conical or horn-shaped galls on leaves and midribs | |
| Leaves become deformed and curled | |
| Severe infestation reduces photosynthetic area and weakens trees | |
| Control measures | |
| Mango anthracnose: | |
| Prune and destroy infected twigs and panicles | |
| Spray copper fungicides or Bordeaux mixture at flowering and fruit set | |
| Ensure good aeration and avoid overhead irrigation | |
| Mango gall fly: | |
| Collect and destroy galled leaves during early stages | |
| Deep ploughing to expose pupae in soil | |
| Spray recommended systemic insecticides during new leaf flush",India,Bihar | |
| images/00942.jpg,Bhindi,Jassids,"Bhendi (okra) jassid – damage | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Yellowing and curling of leaf margins (“hopper burn”) | |
| Leaves turn brown, dry, and curl downward | |
| Reduced plant vigor and stunted growth | |
| Control measures: | |
| Remove weeds and maintain field sanitation | |
| Encourage natural enemies | |
| Spray neem oil/neem-based formulations | |
| Apply recommended systemic insecticides if infestation is severe",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00428.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Symptoms of early infestations of FAW, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00892.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Early infestations of FAW, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00019.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"Symptoms-Leaf spot | |
| Small, circular to irregular brown to dark brown spots on leaves | |
| Yellow halo around spots (more prominent in early leaf spot) | |
| Spots enlarge and may coalesce, causing premature defoliation | |
| Late leaf spot shows dark spots mainly on the lower leaf surface | |
| Severe infection leads to reduced photosynthesis and yield loss | |
| Management | |
| Cultural practices | |
| Use disease-free and resistant varieties | |
| Follow crop rotation with non-legume crops | |
| Avoid dense planting; ensure good aeration | |
| Collect and destroy infected crop residues | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Mancozeb 75 WP @ 2–2.5 g/L or | |
| Chlorothalonil 75 WP @ 2 g/L | |
| Systemic fungicides: Hexaconazole or Tebuconazole @ 1 ml/L | |
| First spray at 30–35 DAS, repeat at 10–15 day intervals (2–3 sprays) | |
| Integrated approach | |
| Seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. | |
| Balanced fertilization, especially adequate potassium",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00624.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Drying of older onion leaves from the tip is mainly due to nutrient deficiencies (nitrogen or potassium), moisture stress, excess salts, or thrips infestation. | |
| It may also occur due to early disease infection or natural aging of older leaves during bulb development.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00669.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"Corn plants may appear normal but remain stunted due to nutrient deficiencies (especially nitrogen, phosphorus or zinc), compacted soil restricting roots, moisture stress, or poor root development. | |
| Early root damage by pests, low soil temperature, or uneven fertilizer placement can also limit plant height without visible leaf symptoms.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00116.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Upward curling and crinkling of chilli leaves with light mosaic symptoms on younger leaves indicate chilli leaf curl virus infection, usually transmitted by whiteflies. | |
| Infected plants show stunted growth and distorted leaves, especially at early stages | |
| Control measures for chilli leaf curl disease: | |
| Use virus-free, resistant/tolerant seedlings and remove infected plants early. | |
| Control whiteflies by spraying imidacloprid / thiamethoxam or neem oil at recommended doses. | |
| Maintain field sanitation, weed control, and avoid overlapping chilli crops.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00986.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"Groundnut Tikka leaf spot | |
| Symptoms: Brown to black circular spots on leaves with yellow halo; severe infection causes defoliation. | |
| Control: Spray mancozeb or chlorothalonil; follow crop rotation and field sanitation. | |
| Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera) | |
| Symptoms: Irregular holes on leaves; larvae feed gregariously and cause heavy defoliation. | |
| Control: Install pheromone traps, use neem-based biopesticides, or spray recommended insecticides at early larval stages.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00312.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Miner,"Groundnut leaf miner | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Zig-zag or blotch-like mines on leaves | |
| Leaflets turn yellow, dry, and fall prematurely | |
| Control: | |
| Remove and destroy affected leaves; install pheromone traps | |
| Spray neem oil/NSKE or recommended insecticides at early infestation stages",India,Telangana | |
| images/00606.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Young leaves bunching with grey discoloration of older leaves in brinjal is mainly due to brinjal little leaf disease or severe mite/thrips infestation. | |
| Affected plants show rosetting (bunchy top), reduced leaf size, greyish or dull leaves, and stunted growth | |
| Control measures for brinjal little leaf / mite–thrips problem: | |
| Remove and destroy affected plants early. | |
| Control vectors (leafhopper / mites / thrips) by spraying imidacloprid or thiamethoxam; use dicofol or spiromesifen if mites are present. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and avoid using infected seedlings.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00645.jpg,Banana,Panama Wilt,"Panama wilt or Fusarium wilt symptoms, management relies on an integrated approach including planting resistant varieties, using clean planting material and tissue culture plants, practicing crop rotation, incorporating biological controls like beneficial fungi and bacteria, applying organic amendments, using chemical fungicides with caution, maintaining clean farming practices to prevent spread through water and tools, and monitoring for and managing weevil borers that can aid pathogen dispersal.",India,Haryana | |
| images/00283.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew,"Typical powdery mildew in Pumpkin plants at growing stage. At initial stage powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or application of Sulfur: Wettable sulfur (2000 ppm)@ 1gm per liter of water is effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00807.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,Mango Malformation: Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20 cm apparently healthy portions. This is followed by the spraying of Carbendazim (0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%),India,Bihar | |
| images/00022.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery mildew can be controlled by application of Wettable sulphur @ 0.2%.. Preventive measures by spray of Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at early stages of growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00945.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall armyworm (FAW) management in maize requires an integrated approach combining cultural practices, biological control, and chemical control. Key strategies include early planting, intercropping, pheromone trapping, biological control agents, and targeted insecticide applications. For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00206.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea or Neem coated Urea is also applicable to the soil after weeding during earthing up. Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00717.jpg,Kidney bean,Aphids,"Aphids infestation on growing parts of country bean at flowering and fruiting stage. Apply Neem oil, 300ppm @5ml per liter of water or Imidacloprid @1ml in one liter of water as chemical control.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00474.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Apply a foliar boron spray, such as YaraVita BORTRAC 150, at the 4-6 leaf stage and repeat every 10-14 days for moderate to severe deficiency.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00278.jpg,Kidney bean,Cutworms,"Spodoptera species infestation which can be controlled at initial stages by spray of Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or by chemical method use Emamectin Benzoate or Lambda-Cyhalothrin.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00957.jpg,Arhar,Pod Borer,"Pod borer and Leaf Folder, which feed on leaves, flowers, and pods, causing significant yield loss by damaging developing seeds and foliage. Management involves Integrated Pest Management (IPM) with cultural practices, biological controls, and targeted chemical sprays like Imamectin Benzoate or Spinosad is effective..",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00784.jpg,Groundnut,Collar Rot,"Peanut wilt, which could be due to collar rot, fusarium wilt or bacterial wilt can be managed through resistant varieties and crop rotation. Management involves seed treatment, resistant cultivars, biological controls (like Pseudomonas fluorescens), and good cultural practices.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00637.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Spodoptera infestation in brinjal, also shoot and fruit borer , can be managed by at Initial stages Neem oil,1500ppm Azhadiractin @1ml per liter of water to be sprayed at 8-days interval. For managing shoot and fruit borer infestations in brinjal, you can use Emamectin Benzoate or Lambda-Cyhalothrin as chemical control.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00913.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,"Yellowing of leaves starting from the margins, main veins remain dark green, curled and crinkled leaves with stunted growth. Apply MOP(Muriate of potash)@ 10 to 15kg per acre after soil test, Foliar spray of potassium nitrate@ 2gm per liter of water is advised for standing crop.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00689.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Symptoms noticed: | |
| slight yellowing of leaves, slight curling and light brown patches and weak symptoms | |
| Possible Cause: | |
| Nitrogen deficiency | |
| Root rot due to overwatering | |
| Viral infection (like mosaic virus) | |
| Control: | |
| Apply a balanced fertilizer with nitrogen. | |
| Ensure proper drainage and avoid waterlogging. | |
| If viral infection is suspected (mottled leaves, stunted growth), remove and destroy affected plants to prevent spread.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00427.jpg,Wheat,Stripe Rust,"Symptoms: | |
| White powdery patches on leaves and stems | |
| Leaf curling or yellowing | |
| Stunted growth in severe cases | |
| Control: | |
| Use resistant varieties | |
| Rotate crops and avoid continuous wheat | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen; ensure proper spacing | |
| Apply fungicides like Propiconazole, Tebuconazole, or Sulphur at first sign | |
| Early detection is key, especially in cool, humid conditions.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00107.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Symptoms | |
| Floral: Flower clusters become thick, fleshy, and ""bunched up"" (witches' broom). They are sterile and bear no fruit. | |
| Vegetative: Shoot tips grow small, crowded leaves in a ""bunchy top"" pattern, stunting growth. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Pruning: Cut off affected panicles 15–20 cm below the cluster into healthy wood. | |
| Sanitation: Burn or deeply bury all pruned material immediately. | |
| Hormonal: Spray NAA (200 ppm) during the flower bud differentiation stage (typically Oct/Nov). | |
| Chemical: Apply a fungicide like Carbendazim (0.1%) after pruning to prevent reinfection. | |
| Mite Control: Use a miticide (e.g., Ethion) to kill bud mites that help spread the fungus.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00573.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Leaf curl and yellow mosaic virus in chilli plant, virus is transmitted by thrips as vector. To control Thrips spray Imidacloprid, or Acetamiprid @1ml per one liter of water, repeat spray in a gap of 8 to 10 days interval. Remove and destroy severely affected plants.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00078.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery mildew on pumpkin leaves. At initial stage powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or application of Sulfur: Wettable sulfur (2000 ppm)@ 1gm per liter of water is effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00059.jpg,Kidney bean,Aphids,"Controlling aphids in country beans (Lablab purpureus) involves an integrated approach using yellow sticky traps (5/acre), encouraging natural predators like ladybird beetles, and applying biopesticides like 5% neem extract or 2% neem oil. | |
| For severe infestations, insecticides such as Imidacloprid (40 ml/ac) or Acetamiprid (20 g/ac) can be used, with applications typically made in early morning or evening.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00919.jpg,Rose,Thrips,"Thrip infestation in rose can be controlled by use of yellow/blue sticky traps, strong water sprays, and remove infested parts; apply neem oil, insecticidal soap, or Spinosad for organic control; and introduce beneficials like predatory mites or lacewings for biological management. | |
| Cultural changes like reducing nitrogen fertilizer and maintaining weed-free gardens also help.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00988.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Controlling the primary vector for Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) is the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), thrips (like Scirtothrips dorsalis) can also transmit these begomoviruses. | |
| Controlling whiteflies and thrips with appropriate insecticides is crucial.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00818.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Smaller size curd could be due to boron deficiency, the plant can be supplemented with a borax-based fertilizer or a borax spray @ 1gm per liter of water for flowering and better curd formation. Balance nutrition application at growing stage before curd formation is important for bigger size cauliflower.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00761.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Browning disease in cauliflower, often called Brown Heart or Hollow Stem, is primarily caused by a boron deficiency, leading to water-soaked spots on the stem and curd that turn brown, causing bitterness and a hollow texture; it's corrected by applying borax or sodium borate to the soil or as a foliar spray@1gm per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00979.jpg,Cowpea,Mosaic Virus,"Yellow mosaic virus in cowpea plants at flowering stage. transmitted primarily by leaf beetles and mechanically, with symptoms including mosaic patterns, chlorosis, and potential root issues, managed through resistant varieties, vector control, and virus-free seeds. Vector Control: Managing the beetle vectors through insecticides (e.g., monocrotophos, methyl demeton@1gm per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00631.jpg,Moong,Cercospora Leaf Spot,"Cercospora leaf spot disease in Moong plants. Cercospora leaf spot , is a major, often devastating, fungal disease in mung bean, causing up to 50-70% yield losses. Use resistant or tolerant cultivars. Foliar spray with fungicides like chlorothalonil, mancozeb, or benomyl at the first sign of symptoms (usually at 35-45 days old) to protect the crop. | |
| Use healthy, certified seeds and treat them with fungicides to prevent the spread of the seed-borne disease.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00418.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Brinjal plants infested with powdery mildew and wilting is found. At initial stage powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or application of Sulfur: Wettable sulfur (2000 ppm)@ 1gm per liter of water is effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00523.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Sooty mold on Mango leaves appears as a black, velvety coating on leaves, stems, and sometimes fruits, caused by fungi that grow on honeydew secreted by insects like aphids and scale insects. While not directly harmful to the plant, it reduces photosynthesis and can impact fruit quality. The primary control method is eliminating the sap-sucking insects (aphids, mealybugs, hoppers) that produce the honeydew. | |
| Spraying insecticides (e.g., Dimethoate) to control pests reduces the honeydew, preventing further mould growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00696.jpg,Ridge gourd,Mosaic Virus,"Mosaic virus in ridge gourd plants, transmitted primarily by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) or sap, leading to severe economic losses, though resistant varieties and management practices offer control.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00473.jpg,Mustard,Aphids,"Symptoms: | |
| Flower buds and inflorescence shrivel and dry | |
| Flower drop and poor pod (siliqua) formation | |
| Sticky honeydew on stem and flowers | |
| Clusters of aphids on tender shoots and flowers | |
| Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove heavily infested shoots; avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Biological: Spray Neem oil 0.5–1% or NSKE 5% | |
| Chemical (if severe): | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.2 g/L | |
| Spray in early morning or evening to protect pollinators",India,Bihar | |
| images/00879.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Miner,"Symptoms: | |
| Irregular whitish to brown blotch mines on leaves | |
| Affected areas turn dry, papery, and necrotic | |
| Leaves curl, wither, and may drop in severe cases | |
| Reduced photosynthesis, leading to poor plant vigor and yield | |
| Control measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove and destroy mined leaves; avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Biological: Spray Neem oil 0.5–1% or NSKE 5% | |
| Chemical (if severe): | |
| Abamectin 1.9 EC @ 0.5 ml/L or | |
| Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Spray at early infestation stage and rotate molecules to avoid resistance",India,Bihar | |
| images/00802.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Symptoms: | |
| Abnormal growth of shoots – excessive, twisted, and clustered shoots called “witches’ broom.” | |
| Small, narrow leaves with reduced leaf lamina. | |
| Reduced flowering – flowers may be sparse or absent. | |
| Stunted growth – affected shoots are weak and bushy. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Prune and destroy affected shoots to prevent spread. | |
| Maintain tree nutrition – apply balanced fertilizers, especially nitrogen carefully. | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen as it promotes vegetative malformation. | |
| Apply growth regulators like paclobutrazol in severe cases to reduce abnormal shoot growth. | |
| Use clean planting material and maintain proper orchard hygiene.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00303.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"Symptoms: | |
| White powdery growth on leaves, stems, and sometimes tubers. | |
| Yellowing of leaves followed by premature leaf drop. | |
| Stunted plant growth in severe cases. | |
| Reduced yield due to poor photosynthesis. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use resistant/tolerant varieties if available. | |
| Ensure proper spacing and good air circulation to reduce humidity. | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen which favors disease. | |
| Remove and destroy infected plant parts. | |
| Fungicide sprays – apply sulfur-based or systemic fungicides as recommended. | |
| Practice crop rotation to reduce pathogen buildup in soil.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00209.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis): | |
| Symptoms: | |
| On shoots: | |
| Tiny holes and bore marks on young shoots. | |
| Wilting of shoots – “shoot tip drying.” | |
| Presence of larvae inside bored shoots. | |
| Brinjal Shoot & Fruit Borer – Control (Concise): | |
| Cultural: Remove infested shoots/fruits, practice crop rotation, maintain field hygiene. | |
| Chemical: Spray approved insecticides (spinosad, Bt) at recommended intervals. | |
| Biological: Use Trichogramma or encourage natural predators. | |
| Varieties: Plant resistant/tolerant types.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00873.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaf damage: Irregular, ragged holes starting from leaf edges (“window pane” effect). | |
| Frass (caterpillar droppings) on leaves. | |
| Larvae feeding inside whorls of young plants. | |
| Stunted growth and sometimes tassel damage. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Remove weeds and crop residues; destroy infested plants. | |
| Chemical: Spray approved insecticides (spinosad, emamectin benzoate, or chlorantraniliprole). | |
| Biological: Use Trichogramma, parasitoids, or Bt formulations. | |
| Resistant Varieties: Plant tolerant maize hybrids if available.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00602.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Dolichos Bean Mosaic Virus (DBMV): | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Mosaic pattern on leaves – light and dark green patches. | |
| Leaf distortion – curling, puckering, or stunted leaves. | |
| Stunted growth and reduced vine development. | |
| Reduced flowering and pod formation, leading to lower yield. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use virus-free seeds and resistant varieties. | |
| Rogue out and destroy infected plants to prevent spread. | |
| Control aphid vectors with insecticides or natural predators. | |
| Weed management – remove alternate host plants. | |
| Maintain field hygiene and avoid mechanical transmission.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00963.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Potato Late Blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans): | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaves: Water-soaked spots that turn brown, often with a pale green border; white fungal growth may appear under humid conditions. | |
| Stems: Dark lesions, sometimes leading to stem collapse. | |
| Tubers: Firm, brown, dry rot inside, often with reddish-brown edges. | |
| Rapid disease spread in cool, wet conditions. | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Cultural: Use certified disease-free seed; practice crop rotation; remove and destroy infected plants; ensure proper spacing for air circulation. | |
| Chemical: Apply fungicides like mancozeb, metalaxyl, or chlorothalonil as preventive sprays. | |
| Resistant varieties: Plant late blight-tolerant potato varieties.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00282.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Thrips along with Mealybugs seen on chilli plant leaves. They are commonly managed by spraying neem oil (mixed with water), soapy water solutions, or alcohol-dipped swabs to destroy the nymphs and adults, particularly in the evening.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00804.jpg,Pumpkin,Mosaic Virus,"Pumpkin plants affected with mosaic virus, preventing its spread by controlling aphids (the primary vectors) using reflective mulches, mineral oils, or insecticidal soaps, removing host weeds, practicing crop rotation, planting virus-resistant varieties, and ensuring sanitation by destroying infected plants and disinfecting tools to stop the virus from spreading from plant to plant.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00635.jpg,Maize,Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight,"Maize streak virus affected plants. Early symptoms appear 3-7 days post-infection as tiny, pale, circular spots on young leaves, which later develop into streaks. Severe infections lead to dramatic stunting, reduced grain filling, and potential plant death, especially if infected before the 4-5 leaf stage.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00639.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato crop having aphids and leaf roll virus. An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers.Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00698.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew; Mosaic Virus,"Pumpkin plants affected with both diseases, Mosaic virus, and powdery mildew. As mosaic Virus (CMV) can not be cured, treatment focuses on prevention and managing spread by controlling aphids (the main vectors) and removing infected plants immediately. | |
| Powdery mildew can be controlled by application of Wettable sulphur @ 0.2%.. Preventive measures by spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at early stages of growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00416.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus infestation, it can not be cured, the severely affected plants are uprooted and destroyed. To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water, or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00104.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Boron (B) and molybdenum (Mo) deficiencies in cauliflower cause browning, hollow stems, and whiptail (deformed, strap-like leaves), significantly reducing yield. The most effective treatment is a combination of 50 ppm Boron and 50 ppm Molybdenum applied as a foliar spray every 10 days. Soil applications of 10-20 kg/ha of Borax and 1-2 kg/acre of sodium/ammonium molybdate also correct these deficiencies.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00682.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"There is start of leaf spot disease in groundnut crop as seen from the image, few leaves are affected. At present condition it can be controlled by foliar spray of Tebuconazole or Chlorothalonil@ 1ml per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00719.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Potato leaves wilting and dying from one side of the plants, it is due to diseases like Verticillium wilt, It seems the plants are near the end of the season, then potato harvesting to be done. | |
| Affected plants to be uprooted and destroyed , field sanitation and crop rotation helps control this disease.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00887.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Seems the farmer wanted to show the FAW insect which has entered the whorl of the maize plant. For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00332.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,The wheat crop showing Nitrogen deficiency symptoms due to water run off in part of the field. Apply Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00269.jpg,Turmeric,Scale Insects,"Turmeric leaves are damaged by caterpillars and insects like grasshoppers have cut leaves and eaten. To check apply by spraying 0.5% neem oil, 0.1% malathion, or 0.1% carbaryl at 30-day intervals from July to October. Manual removal of affected, folded leaves and using light traps (1/acre) also helps manage populations. For severe infestations, apply Chlorpyriphos (1.5 l/ha)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00348.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot,"Young banana plants, having signs of Sigatoka leaf spot at early stage with speck mark on leaves. Spray 3 times with Carbendazim 0.1 per cent or Propicanozole 0.1 % or Mancozeb 0.25% and teepol (sticking agent) at 10-15 days interval, as the disease starting from initial appearance of leaf specks .",India,Bihar | |
| images/00695.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Early blight on potatoes appears as small, dark brown-to-black spots on the older leaves, which grow into larger lesions with characteristic concentric ""bullseye"" rings. Early blight management in Potato involves crop rotation, using disease-free seed, proper fertilization, irrigation, and sometimes fungicides, as the fungus overwinters in plant debris.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00791.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato leaf folding, or rolling, is primarily caused by the Potato Leafroll Virus (PLRV), resulting in upward curling of leaves, stunting, and up to 50% yield loss. Often transmitted by aphids (e.g., green peach aphid), it causes leaves to turn pale, brittle, and sometimes purple, starting from the bottom. | |
| Plant certified, virus-free tubers to prevent primary infections. | |
| Control Aphids: Apply insecticides or use natural predators like ladybirds to reduce aphid populations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00989.jpg,Ridge gourd,Mosaic Virus,"Ridge gourd mosaic virus (RgMV / commonly due to CMV, WMV, ZYMV) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light and dark green mosaic mottling on leaves | |
| Leaf curling, puckering, blistering and distortion | |
| Reduced leaf size, stunted vine growth | |
| Yellow streaks or vein banding on young leaves | |
| Malformed, small fruits with mottling; poor market quality | |
| Early infection → severe yield reduction | |
| Control Measures | |
| Use virus-free seeds and healthy seedlings | |
| Rogue out infected plants early to prevent spread | |
| Control vectors (aphids, whiteflies) | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Neem oil 3–5 ml/L as eco-friendly option | |
| Grow barrier crops (maize, sorghum) around fields | |
| Use silver reflective mulch to repel aphids | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weed hosts",India,Bihar | |
| images/00511.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Small cauliflower curd with reddish/pink tinge – causes | |
| Boron deficiency (most common cause) | |
| Phosphorus deficiency (sometimes contributes) | |
| Low temperature stress during curd development | |
| Varietal response under stress conditions | |
| Imbalanced fertilization (excess N, low micronutrients) | |
| Key point: | |
| A reddish / pink tinge with small curd is typically due to Boron deficiency. | |
| Corrective measures | |
| Soil application: Borax 10–15 kg/ha | |
| Foliar spray: Borax 0.25% (2.5 g/L) or Solubor 0.1–0.2% | |
| Apply 2 sprays at 10–15 day intervals | |
| Maintain balanced NPK and proper irrigation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00712.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal (eggplant) mite infestation – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellowing and bronzing of leaves | |
| Downward curling, crinkling and thickening of leaves | |
| Silvery sheen on leaf surface | |
| Leaves become dry, brittle and may fall | |
| Stunted plant growth, poor flowering and fruit set | |
| Severe attack → webbing on underside of leaves | |
| Control measures | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves | |
| Spray Dicofol 2.5 ml/L or Propargite 2 ml/L | |
| Alternatives: Spiromesifen 1 ml/L or Fenazaquin 1.5 ml/L | |
| Eco-friendly: Neem oil 3–5 ml/L or NSKE 5% | |
| Maintain proper irrigation and avoid dust stress | |
| Encourage natural enemies (predatory mites)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00379.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli Leaf Curl Disease | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaf curling, thick and leathery leaves | |
| Stunted, bushy plants | |
| Flower drop, deformed small fruits | |
| Control: | |
| Use healthy seedlings, resistant varieties | |
| Rogue infected plants | |
| Control whitefly (yellow sticky traps + Imidacloprid/Thiamethoxam) | |
| Neem oil/neem formulations, keep field weed-free",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00229.jpg,Potato,Common Scab; Aphids,"Potato Leaf Curl Disease | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Upward rolling and curling of leaves | |
| Thick, leathery leaves with pale margins | |
| Stunted plants, reduced tuber size and yield | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use certified, virus-free seed tubers | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Control aphids/whiteflies (Imidacloprid or Thiamethoxam) | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds",India,Bihar | |
| images/00614.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"small curd formation in cauliflower | |
| Curds remain small, loose or poorly compact | |
| Premature curd formation (buttoning) | |
| Main Causes: | |
| Nutrient imbalance (low nitrogen, boron or molybdenum) | |
| Temperature stress (low/high during curd initiation) | |
| Poor irrigation or stress conditions | |
| Over-aged or weak seedlings | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use healthy seedlings of right age (25–30 days) | |
| Apply balanced fertilization (adequate N, B @ 1 kg/ha, Mo @ 0.5 kg/ha) | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation and proper spacing | |
| Grow season-specific varieties",India,Bihar | |
| images/00542.jpg,Chilli,Healthy,"Chilli Fruit End Rot (Blossom End Rot) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Dark, sunken, water-soaked patch at fruit tip | |
| Tissue turns brown to black, fruit shrivels | |
| Affects green and red fruits | |
| Causes: | |
| Calcium deficiency | |
| Irregular irrigation / moisture stress | |
| Excess nitrogen or salinity | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Foliar spray Calcium nitrate 0.5–1% or Calcium chloride 0.2–0.4% | |
| Improve soil organic matter and drainage",India,Bihar | |
| images/00853.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Dolichos Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Light and dark green mosaic on leaves | |
| Leaf distortion, puckering and curling | |
| Stunted plant growth, reduced flowering and pod set | |
| Control Measures: | |
| Use healthy, virus-free seed | |
| Rogue out infected plants early | |
| Control aphids (vector) using Imidacloprid/Thiamethoxam | |
| Spray neem oil 3–5 ml/L | |
| Keep field weed-free and follow crop rotation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00827.jpg,Guava,Anthracnose; Fruit Fly,"brow sunken spots are visible in the leaves of guava, the control measure for this is through spray of copper oxycloride 50% WP@4gm/lt and captan and mancozeb at 2.5 gm/lt",India,Bihar | |
| images/00448.jpg,Sponge gourd,Powdery Mildew,"Sponge gourd – Powdery mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on leaves and stems | |
| Yellowing, drying and leaf fall | |
| Reduced growth and yield | |
| Control measures | |
| Remove infected leaves, ensure good spacing | |
| Wettable sulphur 2–3 g/L or neem oil 3–5 ml/L | |
| Hexaconazole / Penconazole 1 ml/L if severe",India,Bihar | |
| images/00834.jpg,Guava,Anthracnose; Fruit Fly,"algal leaf spot diseases symptoms can be observed like spots of grayish white to dark coloured, necrotic crust remains on the leaf, spots are irregular and large. It can be controlled by spraying copper oxychloride 0.25%",India,Bihar | |
| images/00875.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose; Mango Hopper,small blister like spots develop on the leaves and twigs. young leaves wither and dry tender twigs wither and dieback symptom appears. it can be managed by spraying P.flourescens at 3 weeks interval at 5g/ltr on flower brances also spray thiobendazole for 5 min.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00183.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Fruit Borer,"cucumber mosaic virus symptoms include light and dark green mottling on leaves, stunted growth and leaflets distorted and puckered. it can be controlled by using disease free seeds, removal of infected plants. its causal organism is tomato mosaic virus",India,Bihar | |
| images/00664.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt; Shoot and Fruit Borer,"actual disease is not listed, symptoms include that of tobacco mosaic virus like deformed leavs, small leathery and mottling of leaves and blister development. it is caused by aphids. control measures include dimethoate spray at 2ml/ltr, and avoid planting of cucumber, tobacco, tomato near brinjal plant",India,Bihar | |
| images/00788.jpg,Bean,Leaf Miner,"Leaf miner – Symptoms | |
| White, zigzag mines on leaves | |
| Yellowing, curling, and drying of leaves | |
| Reduced plant growth and photosynthesis | |
| Leaf miner – Control | |
| Remove and destroy infested leaves | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L or Azadirachtin 3 ml/L | |
| For severe cases: Spinosad 0.3 ml/L or Abamectin 0.5 ml/L",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00749.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm – Symptoms | |
| Window panes and ragged holes on young leaves | |
| Frass (sawdust-like excreta) inside the whorl | |
| Severe feeding causes dead heart and poor cob formation | |
| Heavy infestation leads to stunted plants and yield loss | |
| Control Measures | |
| Handpick and destroy egg masses and larvae | |
| Apply Neem oil 3 ml/L or Azadirachtin 0.03% – 3 ml/L | |
| Release Trichogramma spp. (biological control) | |
| For severe infestation: Spinetoram / Spinosad / Emamectin benzoate (as per label dose)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00092.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Leaf crinkling in young potato plants | |
| Causes | |
| Aphids / thrips | |
| Leaf curl or mosaic virus | |
| Nutrient imbalance (Ca, B) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves crinkled, curled, puckered | |
| Stunted growth | |
| Control | |
| Control aphids: Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam (label dose) | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Apply Calcium + Boron spray",India,Bihar | |
| images/00906.jpg,Cucumber,Powdery Mildew; Mosaic Virus,"Cucumber – Powdery mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White, powdery patches on leaves | |
| Yellowing, drying, and premature leaf fall | |
| Reduced vine growth and yield | |
| Control | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur 2 g/L or Hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Avoid overcrowding; ensure good air circulation | |
| Cucumber – Mosaic virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light and dark green mosaic pattern on leaves | |
| Leaf curling, distortion, and reduced leaf size | |
| Stunted plants and deformed fruits | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Control aphids: Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam (label dose) | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L regularly",India,Bihar | |
| images/00445.jpg,Brinjal,Mites; Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal – Shoot & fruit borer | |
| Symptoms | |
| Wilting and drying of young shoots | |
| Holes on fruits with frass extrusion | |
| Damaged, unmarketable fruits | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy affected shoots and fruits | |
| Install pheromone traps (4–5/acre) | |
| Spray Emamectin benzoate / Spinosad (label dose) | |
| Brinjal – Mites | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellow specks on leaves | |
| Leaves become bronzed, curled, and dry | |
| Fine webbing on underside of leaves | |
| Control | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| For severe cases: Abamectin / Spiromesifen (label dose)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00608.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"Chilli – Anthracnose | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small sunken dark brown to black lesions on fruits | |
| Lesions enlarge with concentric rings | |
| Fruits rot, shrivel, and drop prematurely | |
| Control | |
| Use disease-free seeds | |
| Remove and destroy infected fruits | |
| Spray Carbendazim + Mancozeb (1 g + 2 g/L) or Azoxystrobin / Hexaconazole (label dose)",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00550.jpg,Chickpea,Dry Root Rot,"Chickpea – Pale leaves with grey shade | |
| Possible causes | |
| Nitrogen or iron deficiency | |
| Root rot / wilt stress | |
| Cold stress or moisture stress | |
| Early stage of fungal infection | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves turn pale green to greyish | |
| Reduced plant vigor and slow growth | |
| Management | |
| Apply balanced N fertilizer | |
| Foliar spray Ferrous sulphate 0.5% | |
| Ensure proper drainage and avoid waterlogging | |
| If disease suspected, drench with Carbendazim (label dose)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00224.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Holes on brinjal leaves | |
| Causes | |
| Flea beetles | |
| Leaf-eating caterpillars | |
| Early stage of shoot & fruit borer | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small to large irregular holes on leaves | |
| Severe attack causes skeletonized leaves | |
| Control | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| If severe: Spinosad / Emamectin benzoate (label dose)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00838.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Mango – Malformation of inflorescence | |
| Symptoms | |
| Compact, bushy, malformed panicles | |
| Flowers mostly male or sterile, poor fruit set | |
| Panicles remain green and do not dry normally | |
| Control Measures | |
| Prune and destroy malformed panicles well below affected portion | |
| Spray NAA 200 ppm during bud initiation | |
| Apply Carbendazim 1 g/L at panicle emergence | |
| Maintain orchard sanitation and balanced nutrition",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00301.jpg,Red gram,Powdery Mildew,"Pigeon pea – Yellowing leaves & whitish stem patches | |
| Causes | |
| Stem borer / girdle beetle | |
| Powdery mildew | |
| Nutrient stress | |
| Control | |
| Remove affected parts | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur 2 g/L | |
| For insects: Chlorantraniliprole / Emamectin (label dose)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00507.jpg,Citrus,Citrus Psyllid,"Citrus psyllid – Symptoms | |
| Leaf curling and distortion of young flush | |
| Yellowing and stunted growth | |
| White waxy secretions and honeydew on leaves | |
| Sooty mould development; vector of citrus greening (HLB) | |
| Control Measures | |
| Prune and destroy infested shoots | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| If severe: Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam (label dose)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00455.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango – Vegetative malformation | |
| Symptoms | |
| Short internodes with dense, bunchy growth | |
| Small, narrow, thickened leaves | |
| Shoots form a witches’ broom appearance | |
| Affected branches show poor or no flowering | |
| Control Measures | |
| Prune and destroy malformed shoots 10–15 cm below affected portion | |
| Spray Carbendazim 1 g/L after pruning | |
| Apply NAA 200 ppm during vegetative flush | |
| Maintain orchard sanitation and balanced nutrition",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00354.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal fruit upside damage + zigzag marks | |
| Cause | |
| Fruit & shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) | |
| Hole near fruit stalk (upper side), frass coming out. | |
| Control | |
| Remove infested fruits regularly | |
| Pheromone traps: 10–12/acre | |
| Fruit borer: Emamectin benzoate 5 SG 0.4 g/L or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC 0.3 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00561.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm – concise | |
| Symptoms | |
| Window-pane feeding, shot holes on leaves | |
| Frass (sawdust-like) in whorl | |
| Ragged leaves, stunted plants | |
| Cob/husk damage in severe cases | |
| Control | |
| Destroy egg masses & larvae | |
| Pheromone traps: 5–10/acre | |
| Neem oil 3 ml/L (early stage) | |
| Spray into whorl (evening): | |
| Emamectin benzoate 5 SG 0.4 g/L | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC 0.3 ml/L | |
| Spinetoram 11.7 SC 0.5 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00321.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"yellowing of leaves and reddish stalks are the symptoms of maize. | |
| it can be controlled by Spraying a 2% Urea solution ((20g of Urea/liter of water) can provide rapid, temporary recovery.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00447.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Mites,"Slight leaf crinkling in chilli | |
| Reasons | |
| Early thrips or mite infestation | |
| Nutrient imbalance (Ca / B deficiency, excess N) | |
| Moisture or temperature stress | |
| Early leaf curl virus (whitefly-borne) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Mild crinkling or wrinkling of young leaves | |
| Slight twisting, rough or leathery texture | |
| No severe curling or stunting (initial stage) | |
| Control measures | |
| Inspect underside of leaves for pests | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L (preventive) | |
| If pests present: | |
| Thrips → Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Mites → Abamectin 0.5 ml/L | |
| Foliar nutrition: Calcium nitrate 1 g/L + Boron 0.2 g/L | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation; avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Control whiteflies to prevent virus spread",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00228.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt; Cutworms,"Potato plant dried up completely while neighboring plants are healthy | |
| Probable reasons | |
| Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) – very common; sudden drying of a single plant | |
| Stem/black scurf or collar rot (Rhizoctonia) | |
| Tuber or stem borer damage (internal feeding cuts water flow) | |
| Severe root injury during interculture or hoeing | |
| Key symptoms to check | |
| Sudden wilting and complete drying without yellowing of nearby plants | |
| When stem is cut and dipped in water → milky bacterial ooze (bacterial wilt) | |
| Black lesions at collar region (Rhizoctonia) | |
| Holes or tunneling in stem (borer) | |
| Control / management | |
| Uproot and destroy affected plant immediately | |
| Soil drench around affected spot with | |
| Bleaching powder 10–12 kg/acre or | |
| Copper oxychloride 3 g/L (if fungal suspected) | |
| Avoid waterlogging; ensure good drainage | |
| Follow crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops | |
| Use disease-free seed tubers",India,Bihar | |
| images/00634.jpg,Garlic,Thrips,"Garlic leaf tips slightly dried | |
| Reasons | |
| Moisture stress (irregular or low irrigation) | |
| Potassium deficiency | |
| Salt injury / high EC | |
| Early thrips damage | |
| Symptoms | |
| Drying and browning of leaf tips | |
| Tips may curl slightly; rest of leaf remains green | |
| No major wilting at early stage | |
| Control measures | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation | |
| Apply MOP (potash) 20–25 kg/acre or foliar KNO₃ 1% | |
| Avoid excess fertilizer salts | |
| If thrips present: Spinosad 0.3 ml/L or Neem oil 3 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00597.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato – slight leaf crinkling | |
| Reasons | |
| Early aphid or thrips infestation | |
| Mild nutrient imbalance (Ca / Mg deficiency, excess N) | |
| Moisture or temperature stress | |
| Early viral infection (leaf roll / mosaic – initial stage) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Mild crinkling or wrinkling of young leaves | |
| Slight twisting; leaves remain green | |
| No severe rolling or stunting (early stage) | |
| Control measures | |
| Check underside of leaves for aphids/thrips | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L (preventive) | |
| If aphids present: Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Foliar spray Calcium nitrate 1 g/L + Magnesium sulphate 1 g/L | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation and balanced nutrition",India,Bihar | |
| images/00600.jpg,Banana,Banana Weevil,"Black patches on banana stem with shattering/splitting of leaves and stem | |
| Probable reasons | |
| Banana pseudostem weevil (Odoiporus longicollis) | |
| Bacterial soft rot (favoured by injuries + waterlogging) | |
| Mechanical injury with secondary infection | |
| Nutrient imbalance (K deficiency) + stress (aggravates splitting) | |
| Key symptoms | |
| Black or dark brown patches on pseudostem | |
| Cracks/splitting and weakening of stem | |
| Leaves tear or shatter easily | |
| Foul smell, soft tissue inside stem (if bacterial rot) | |
| Holes/frass inside stem (if weevil) | |
| Control measures | |
| Uproot and destroy severely affected plants | |
| For weevil: | |
| Pseudostem traps @ 10–15/acre | |
| Chlorpyrifos 2.5 ml/L or Fipronil 1 ml/L (pseudostem drenching) | |
| For rot: | |
| Improve drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Bleaching powder 10–12 kg/acre in soil | |
| Nutrition: | |
| Apply MOP (potash) 50–60 kg/acre | |
| Maintain field sanitation; avoid stem injuries",India,Bihar | |
| images/00791.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Potato – yellowing with sudden wilting and light-green leaves | |
| Probable reasons | |
| Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) | |
| Waterlogging / poor drainage | |
| Root damage or early root rot | |
| Nitrogen deficiency (if wilting is mild) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Sudden wilting even when soil has moisture | |
| Leaves turn light green to yellow | |
| One or few plants affected initially; nearby plants look normal | |
| On cutting stem and placing in water → milky bacterial ooze (bacterial wilt) | |
| Control measures | |
| Uproot and destroy affected plants immediately | |
| Improve drainage; avoid over-irrigation | |
| Soil drench around affected spot with Bleaching powder 10–12 kg/acre or | |
| Copper oxychloride 3 g/L (if rot suspected) | |
| Follow crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops | |
| Use disease-free seed tubers",India,Bihar | |
| images/00117.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal – leathery patches on fruits & greying of calyx | |
| Probable reasons | |
| Thrips damage (most common) | |
| Mite infestation | |
| Early fruit rot infection (secondary) | |
| Nutrient stress (especially calcium deficiency) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Hard, leathery, corky patches on fruit surface | |
| Greying / drying of calyx | |
| Loss of fruit shine; rough texture | |
| Scarring may increase as fruit grows | |
| Control measures | |
| Monitor and control sucking pests: | |
| Spinosad 0.3 ml/L or Fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| Neem oil 3 ml/L (preventive) | |
| For mites: Abamectin 0.5 ml/L | |
| Improve nutrition: Calcium nitrate 1 g/L (foliar spray) | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation and field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00928.jpg,Garlic,Thrips,"Garlic – slight yellowing | |
| Probable reasons | |
| Nitrogen deficiency (most common) | |
| Early moisture stress | |
| Sulphur deficiency | |
| Thrips (early stage) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light yellowing of older leaves first | |
| Tips may dry slightly; growth slows | |
| No severe wilting at early stage | |
| Control measures | |
| Apply Urea 20–25 kg/acre or foliar Urea 1% | |
| For sulphur: Gypsum 25–30 kg/acre or Sulphur 2 g/L (foliar) | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation | |
| If thrips present: Neem oil 3 ml/L or Spinosad 0.3 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00401.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Fusarium wilt (Potato) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Gradual yellowing starting from lower leaves | |
| Wilting during hot hours | |
| Brown discoloration of vascular tissues in stem | |
| Dry rot may appear on tubers | |
| Control measures | |
| Seed tuber treatment with Trichoderma viride / T. harzianum | |
| (or carbendazim + mancozeb where permitted) | |
| Use healthy, disease-free seed tubers | |
| Avoid mechanical injury during planting and harvest | |
| Follow crop rotation | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition and good soil drainage",India,Bihar | |
| images/00510.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Slight crinkling of potato leaves | |
| Causes: Aphids/mites, early viral infection, nutrient imbalance (Ca/B), heat or moisture stress | |
| Control: | |
| Manage aphids/mites (neem oil 3 ml/L or suitable insecticide) | |
| Foliar spray Calcium nitrate 1% + Boron 0.2% | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation | |
| Remove severely affected plants if viral symptoms appear",India,Bihar | |
| images/00325.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli: black leathery leaves & excessive branching | |
| Cause: Chilli leaf curl virus (whitefly-borne) | |
| Symptoms: Small thick dark leaves, curling, bunchy top, stunted growth | |
| Control: Rogue infected plants, control whiteflies (sticky traps, neem oil 3 ml/L or suitable insecticide), use healthy seedlings",India,Bihar | |
| images/00197.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Grasshoppers | |
| Symptoms: Clean-cut large holes; insects seen during day. | |
| Control: | |
| Field sanitation | |
| Neem spray | |
| Light traps | |
| General management | |
| Remove heavily damaged leaves | |
| Maintain proper spacing | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Encourage natural enemies",India,Bihar | |
| images/00493.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango Leaf Gall (Psyllid – Apsylla cistellata) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Small raised blisters / pouch-like galls | |
| Green → reddish → brown | |
| Mostly on young tender leaves | |
| Leaves become distorted | |
| Control: | |
| Prune and destroy affected shoots | |
| Spray Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam during new flush | |
| Spray at early stage of leaf emergence",India,Bihar | |
| images/00308.jpg,Tomato,Early Blight,"Slight curling + dry patches + leathery black leaves in tomato – | |
| Causes & Control | |
| Late blight (Phytophthora) – | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Dark brown to black patches | |
| Leaves become leathery | |
| Curling and rapid drying | |
| Humid / rainy weather | |
| Control: | |
| Remove affected leaves | |
| Spray Metalaxyl + Mancozeb or Cymoxanil + Mancozeb | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00038.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Common mite: Red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellow specks (stippling) on upper leaf surface | |
| Leaves turn bronze → reddish → dry | |
| Curling downward | |
| Fine webbing on underside | |
| Severe case: leaf drying & yield reduction | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Maintain field humidity (mites increase in hot, dry weather) | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves | |
| Chemical / Biological | |
| Spray Abamectin (0.5 ml/L) | |
| Or Spiromesifen / Fenpyroximate / Propargite (as per label) | |
| Neem oil 3–5 ml/L (early stage) | |
| Rotate chemicals to avoid resistance",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00596.jpg,Chickpea,Fusarium Wilt,"Fusarium Wilt (most common) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Sudden drying of whole plant | |
| Yellowing of lower leaves first | |
| Brown discoloration in stem (cut stem shows browning) | |
| Plants dry in patches | |
| Control: | |
| Seed treatment: Trichoderma 4 g/kg or Carbendazim 2 g/kg | |
| Crop rotation (3–4 years) | |
| Avoid water stress",India,Bihar | |
| images/00598.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,"Ash-like coating + small leaves cupped upward in brinjal – | |
| Causes & Control | |
| Powdery mildew (ash-like coating) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White/grey powder on leaf surface | |
| Leaves curl slightly | |
| Severe case → drying | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur (2–3 g/L) | |
| Or Hexaconazole / Tebuconazole | |
| Avoid excess humidity",India,Bihar | |
| images/00216.jpg,Cabbage,Healthy,"Small / No curd formation in cabbage – Main causes | |
| High temperature (>25°C) | |
| Excess nitrogen (more leaves, no head) | |
| Boron / Molybdenum deficiency | |
| Water stress | |
| Close spacing | |
| Wrong variety / off-season | |
| Most common: High temperature or excess nitrogen. | |
| Management | |
| Maintain optimum temperature (15–20°C ideal) | |
| Balanced fertilizer (avoid excess N) | |
| Spray Boron 0.2% if deficiency suspected | |
| Regular irrigation | |
| Proper spacing",India,Bihar | |
| images/00033.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) – | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward / downward leaf curling | |
| Small, thick, crinkled leaves | |
| Yellowing of veins | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Reduced flowering & fruiting | |
| Whiteflies present | |
| Control Measures | |
| Preventive | |
| Use virus-free seedlings | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10/acre) | |
| Use resistant varieties | |
| Vector control (Whitefly) | |
| Spray Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam (early stage) | |
| Or Spiromesifen | |
| Neem oil 3–5 ml/L (initial stage) | |
| Rotate insecticides",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00495.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus (if severe curling + stunting) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Thickened, small leaves | |
| Strong upward curling | |
| Reduced flowering | |
| Whiteflies present | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Control whiteflies (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) | |
| Yellow sticky traps",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00028.jpg,Maize,Stem Borer,"Aphids | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White waxy coating | |
| Sticky leaves | |
| Sooty mould later | |
| Control: | |
| Imidacloprid / Acetamiprid | |
| Yellow sticky traps",India,Bihar | |
| images/00686.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Potato – Holes from leaf edges + medium holes on older leaves | |
| and wilting symptoms due to late blight | |
| Late blight infection: | |
| Late blight in potato | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Water-soaked spots → brown/black lesions | |
| White growth underside (humid weather) | |
| Rapid leaf blighting | |
| Brown rot in tubers | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Metalaxyl + Mancozeb or Cymoxanil + Mancozeb | |
| Repeat 7–10 days in humid weather | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation. | |
| Epilachna beetle (Hadda beetle) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Irregular holes starting from edges | |
| Older leaves more affected | |
| Yellow spiny grubs on underside | |
| Leaves may get skeletonized | |
| Control: | |
| Handpick beetles & grubs | |
| Spray Neem oil (3–5 ml/L) | |
| If severe: Spinosad / Emamectin benzoate",India,Bihar | |
| images/00094.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,"Purpling of lower leaves in chickpea | |
| Cause: | |
| Phosphorus deficiency (most common) | |
| Sometimes cold stress | |
| Control: | |
| Apply DAP/SSP | |
| Maintain proper soil moisture | |
| Correct soil pH (6–7.5)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00778.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Large irregular holes in brinjal – concise | |
| Cause: | |
| Tobacco caterpillar / Spodoptera (most common) | |
| Epilachna beetle | |
| Control: | |
| Handpick larvae | |
| Install pheromone traps | |
| Spray Bt (early stage) | |
| If severe: Emamectin benzoate / Spinosad | |
| Neem oil 3–5 ml/L (mild attack)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00700.jpg,Pumpkin,Cucumber Beetle,"Pumpkin beetle damage in pumpkin crop | |
| Symptoms | |
| Irregular holes on leaves | |
| Severe damage on seedlings | |
| Leaves skeletonized | |
| Flowers also eaten | |
| Adults (orange/red beetles) visible | |
| Control | |
| Handpick beetles (early stage) | |
| Neem oil 3–5 ml/L | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| If severe: Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam (as per label) | |
| Soil application of insecticide at sowing (for heavy infestation)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00869.jpg,Rose,Thrips; Spider Mites,"Slight leaf crinkling in rose leaves – concise | |
| Possible causes: | |
| Thrips – mild crinkling, insects on buds | |
| Mites – slight curling + rough surface | |
| Nutrient deficiency (Ca/Zn) – distorted young leaves | |
| Spray/heat stress – temporary crinkling | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Neem oil (3–5 ml/L) (early stage) | |
| If mites → Abamectin | |
| If aphids/thrips → Imidacloprid / Spinosad | |
| Foliar micronutrient spray if deficiency suspected",India,Bihar | |
| images/00461.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Transparent leaf patches in maize (corn) – concise | |
| Fall armyworm (early stage) – most common | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Window-pane/transparent patches | |
| Later holes with ragged edges | |
| Frass (sawdust-like) in whorl | |
| Control: | |
| Check whorl for larvae | |
| Spray Emamectin benzoate / Chlorantraniliprole | |
| Apply spray into whorl",India,Bihar | |
| images/00527.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Early blight (Alternaria) – | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Small brown spots with concentric rings | |
| Starts on lower leaves | |
| Yellowing around spots | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Mancozeb / Chlorothalonil | |
| If severe: Azoxystrobin / Tebuconazole | |
| Remove infected leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00562.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"White spots / waxy symptoms on young potato leaves | |
| Powdery mildew | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White powdery patches | |
| Mostly on young leaves | |
| May spread quickly in dry weather | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur (2–3 g/L) | |
| Or Hexaconazole / Tebuconazole",India,Bihar | |
| images/00133.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Mites; Thrips,"Chilli – Leaf Curl Virus vs Mites vs Thrips | |
| Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Upward curling, small thick leaves | |
| Severe stunting | |
| Whiteflies present | |
| Control: Remove infected plants + spray Imidacloprid/Thiamethoxam + sticky traps | |
| Mites | |
| Curling + bronzing | |
| Rough leaves, webbing | |
| No severe stunting | |
| Control: Abamectin / Spiromesifen (spray underside) | |
| Thrips | |
| Silvery streaks on leaves | |
| Upward curling of young leaves | |
| Flower drop | |
| Control: Spinosad / Fipronil / Cyantraniliprole + blue sticky traps",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00924.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Mango – Leaf edge burning & inward curling | |
| Cause: | |
| Potassium deficiency (common) | |
| Water stress / salinity | |
| Control: | |
| Apply MOP + spray 1% SOP | |
| Ensure proper irrigation & drainage",India,Bihar | |
| images/00467.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips; Mites,"Chilli – Leaf Curl Virus vs Mites vs Thrips (very concise) | |
| 1️⃣ Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Upward curling, small thick leaves | |
| Severe stunting | |
| Whiteflies present | |
| Control: Remove infected plants + spray Imidacloprid/Thiamethoxam + sticky traps | |
| 2️⃣ Mites | |
| Curling + bronzing | |
| Rough leaves, webbing | |
| No severe stunting | |
| Control: Abamectin / Spiromesifen (spray underside) | |
| 3️⃣ Thrips | |
| Silvery streaks on leaves | |
| Upward curling of young leaves | |
| Flower drop | |
| Control: Spinosad / Fipronil / Cyantraniliprole + blue sticky traps",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00217.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"Interveinal chlorosis due to Iron and Magnesium deficiency. Management includes adjusting soil pH (6.0–6.5), applying micronutrients (iron/magnesium sprays), improving drainage, and controlling pests like aphids.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00737.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"There is infestations of FAW(Fall Armyworm), apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00757.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Miner,"Early infestation of leaf minor in Tomato plants. For control by Organic methods, Apply Neem Oil: Spray Azadirachtin (neem oil), 300ppm, in the early morning or late evening, ensuring good leaf coverage (e.g., 5ml/L water with soap).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00471.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"Papaya plants having very poor growth, Apply FYM 10 Kg/plant as basal and 50 g in each of N, P and K per plant at bi-monthly intervals from the third month of planting after removing unwanted male or sterile plant forms.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00076.jpg,Paddy,Blast,"Blast disease in Paddy, to control maintain consistent field flooding to prevent disease development, and apply fungicides like tricyclazole or azoxystrobin during critical growth stages.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00326.jpg,Strawberry,Thrips,"Thrips infestation in strawberry plants. Use sprays of the Entrust formulation of spinosad, azadirachtin (Neemix), Isaria fumosorosea (PFR-97), Beauveria bassiana (Botanigard), or combinations of these products on strawberry plants.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00306.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Potato plants having deep green color leaf with purple tinges is due to Phosphorus deficiency, soil application of DAP @ 10 to 15kg per acre is advised or foliar spray of Nano DAP@ 2ml per liter of water will be effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00085.jpg,Cotton,Bollworm,"Cotton bollworm control involves a combination of cultural (like crop rotation, early sowing, and sanitizing fields), biological (using natural predators or parasitoids), mechanical (pheromone traps and destroying infested bolls), and chemical methods (using specific insecticides at the right time).",India,Uttar Pradesh | |
| images/00956.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"For early infestations of FAW(Fall armyworm), apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00868.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus infestation, it can not be cured, the severely affected plants are uprooted and destroyed. To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water, or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00970.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot,"The symptoms as visible are most likely caused by Sigatoka, a fungal disease. Spray 3 times with Carbendazim 0.1 per cent or Propicanozole 0.1 % or Mancozeb 0.25% and teepol (sticking agent) at 10-15 days interval, as the disease starting from initial appearance of leaf specks.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00419.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,"Brinjal plants having symptoms of phosphorous deficiency. To control Phosphorus deficiency, spray Nano DAP @ 2.5ml per liter of water in morning or evening when there is no Dew/ on dry leaves, always use Flat Fan Nozzle.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00097.jpg,Maize,Turcicum Leaf Blight,"These spots are long, elliptical, grayish-green or tan lesions ranging from 2.5 to 15 cm in length. Spray Mancozeb or Zineb @2-4 g/litre at 10 days interval after first appearance of the disease.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00027.jpg,Garlic,Healthy,"The symptoms are of Nutrient deficiency , leaf tips are yellowing drying at early stage of the crop. To correct the nutrient deficiency, apply a balanced fertilizer to your garlic plants. Garlic needs a variety of nutrients to grow properly, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Water regularly to maintain soil moisture at bulb development stage.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00201.jpg,Maize,Turcicum Leaf Blight,"Turcicum blight in Maize, in severe case ,these spots are long, elliptical, grayish-green or tan lesions ranging from 2.5 to 15 cm in length, whole plant is affected along with cobs and plant drying up completely. Spray Mancozeb or Zineb @2-4 g/litre of water at 10 days interval after first appearance of the disease symptoms.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00459.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,Wheat plants showing Nitrogen deficiency symptoms. Apply Nitrogen top dressing of Urea is also applicable to the soil after weeding. Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00898.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Thrips infested in chili plants at flowering stage. Apply neem oil(300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water), spinetoram, or spinosad @1ml per liter of water to both sides of the leaves to control Aphids along with installation of Yellow sticky traps to control aphids population.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00494.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"The symptoms are of PLCV(Potato Leaf curl virus) at early stages, transmitted by Aphids. An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers. Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to control aphids ,to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00204.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot; Banana Weevil,"Symptoms include streaks that turn into necrotic, gray-centered, yellow-haloed spots, eventually causing widespread defoliation. Management requires integrated strategies, including fungicide sprays, improved drainage, and deleafing.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00741.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Fruit Borer,"Young larva feeds on the leaves for some time and then attacks fruits. Internal tissues are eaten severely and completely hollowed out. While feeding the caterpillar thrust its head inside leaving the rest of the body outside. | |
| control measures : For effective control of Caterpillar in Tomato we can use bio pesticide like “LARVEX 250 ml / acre”. | |
| Provide poison bait with carbaryl 50 WP 1.25 kg, rice bran 12.5 kg, jaggery 1.25 kg and water 7.5 lit/ha",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00003.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Whiteflies,"causing severe leaf curling, puckering, and stunting. | |
| control measure include | |
| Use of disease free seeds | |
| intercrop with pest resistant crop | |
| Crop rotation with non host crops",India,Bihar | |
| images/00477.jpg,Lemon,Melanose; Leaf Miner,"Making silvery appearance presence on the lower surface of leaves, Leaves-distorted and crinkled | |
| control measures: Spraying of fenvalerate 0.2ml or dimethoate [Rogor] 2ml/l | |
| Spray application of NSKE 5%",India,Bihar | |
| images/00870.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,crop is not shown but in the given image we can see the larvae of Spodoptera or fall army warm,India,Bihar | |
| images/00923.jpg,Bhindi,Shoot and Fruit Borer,the image shows the bhindi plant is affected by fruit and shoot borer where we can see the irregular holes,India,Telangana | |
| images/00384.jpg,Onion,Thrips,yellowing of leaves and white patches can also be seen this is due to both nutrient deficiency and thrips attack where we can see the white patches,India,Bihar | |
| images/00458.jpg,Tobacco,Healthy,"leaf crinkling symptoms are on both young and old leaves and no mosaic pattern, it is unlikely viral (like Tobacco Mosaic Virus). | |
| Most Likely Cause: | |
| Excess Nitrogen | |
| Uniform dark green leaves | |
| Slight crinkling | |
| Soft, lush growth | |
| Action: | |
| Stop nitrogen fertilizer. Improve drainage. Apply potash if not given. | |
| Other Possibility: | |
| Mild Potassium deficiency | |
| Slight distortion initially | |
| Action: | |
| Spray 1% SOP (10 g/L). | |
| If recently fertilized with urea/DAP → very likely nitrogen excess.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00864.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,the crop identified here is chilli which is majorly attacked by thrips which is identified by upward curling,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00030.jpg,Tobacco,Healthy,the crop identified here is tobacco which is characterized by yellowing of leaves which is a symptom of nutrient deficiency,India,Bihar | |
| images/00370.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Epilachna Beetle damage in Brinjal | |
| (Caused by Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata) | |
| symptoms of spray residue presence can also be seen in some leaves | |
| Damage: | |
| Leaves scraped and skeletonized | |
| Brown dry patches | |
| Severe attack reduces yield | |
| Control: | |
| Handpick adults & egg clusters | |
| Spray Neem oil 3–5 ml/L | |
| If severe: Emamectin benzoate or Chlorantraniliprole",India,Bihar | |
| images/00291.jpg,Onion,Thrips,"Onion Leaf Break & Fall | |
| -Thrips – Thrips tabaci | |
| Silvery streaks → leaves weaken & break | |
| Control: Neem oil or Spinosad. | |
| -Potassium deficiency | |
| Weak leaves | |
| Control: Spray 1% SOP.",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00481.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Potato Wilt | |
| Bacterial Wilt – Ralstonia solanacearum | |
| Sudden wilting, green leaves | |
| Brown vascular ring | |
| Control: Remove plants, improve drainage, crop rotation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00385.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Wheat crop having from nitrogen deficiency as clearly visible from the image. Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea is applicable @ 10 to 15kg per hactare to the soil after weeding-OR- | |
| Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00300.jpg,Citrus,Leaf Miner,"Citrus plant affected with leaf miner and leaf folder larvae, that roll or mine into young citrus leaves, feeding on tissues and causing leaves to curl, dry out, and turn brown. | |
| Prune infested leaves and destroy them to reduce populations. Apply horticultural oils, neem oil, or insecticides containing spinosad on new growth to kill larvae.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00777.jpg,Cotton,Jassids,"Jassids infested Cotton leaves turning pale, then yellow, with margins developing reddish or bronze patches. ""Hopper Burn"": A signature symptom where leaves dry, turn brown, crumble, and may fall off. | |
| Effective control of cotton jassids is achieved using systemic insecticides applied to the undersides of leaves, with top recommendations including Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (3 ml/10 L water), Acetamiprid 20% SP (20 g/acre), Flonicamid 50% WG (60 g/acre).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00762.jpg,Peas,Healthy,"Pea plant leaves turning yellow and folding (or curling) is commonly caused by overwatering, which causes root rot, or by pests like aphids or spider mites, which feed on nutrients. Other causes include Nitrogen deficiency, fungal diseases, or extreme temperatures. | |
| As there are cracks visible on the soil, regular irrigation is advised to saturate the soil. | |
| Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil if necessary to control insects. | |
| Apply a balanced fertilizer to address nutrient deficiencies (especially Nitrogen as recommended)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00169.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato crop is affected with Leaf curl virus which is transmitted by various Aphids. | |
| An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers. Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00456.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall armyworm (FAW) affected Maize plants. For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl as recommended doses.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00196.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Viral Infection (Most Common Cause): | |
| Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV) – transmitted by whiteflies | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Upward/downward curling of leaves | |
| Thickened veins | |
| Stunted growth | |
| Reduced leaf size | |
| Control: | |
| -Rogue infected plants early | |
| -Control whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) | |
| -Yellow sticky traps (10–15/acre) | |
| -Neem oil (2–3 ml/L) | |
| -Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam / Acetamiprid (rotate molecules) | |
| -Raise nursery under insect-proof net | |
| -Remove weed hosts | |
| -Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| -Use tolerant varieties",India,Bihar | |
| images/00134.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Mealybug,"Symptoms notices: Gummy & Powdery Residues on Papaya Fruits (Latex Marks) | |
| Most commonly seen in Papaya mealybug infestation or sap-sucking pests. | |
| -Papaya Mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus): | |
| White cottony masses on fruits | |
| Sticky honeydew → sooty mold (black powdery layer) | |
| Fruit surface shows gummy / latex exudation | |
| Control: | |
| -Spray Neem oil (3 ml/L) | |
| -Release Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (predator beetle) | |
| - If severe: Spray systemic insecticide (Thiamethoxam / Imidacloprid as per label) | |
| -Remove heavily infested fruits | |
| - Maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00168.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"In the given image symptoms caused by Epilachna beetle (Hadda beetle) and Caterpillars (Spodoptera) | |
| In the given image we can observe the symptoms like leaf scraping, holes and irregulate holes on leaves | |
| -Epilachna beetle (Hadda beetle) | |
| Scrapes leaf surface first | |
| Later leaves develop round holes | |
| Yellowish grubs seen underside | |
| -Caterpillars (Spodoptera) | |
| Larger irregular holes | |
| Frass (insect droppings) visible | |
| Control | |
| - Hand pick beetles/grubs in early stage | |
| - Spray Neem oil (2–3 ml/L) | |
| - If severe: Emamectin benzoate or Spinosad (as per label) | |
| - Maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00555.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Miner,"slight symptoms of leaf minor is observed in one or two leaves | |
| Leaf miner control in groundnut: | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L (early stage). | |
| At 15% damage: | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or | |
| Spinosad 0.3 ml/L. | |
| Rotate insecticides to prevent resistance.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00113.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Lanky growth + slight yellowing in potato: | |
| Excess nitrogen → Tall, soft, pale plants. Stop N; apply potash. | |
| Low sunlight / dense crop → Stretching. Improve spacing/light. | |
| Nitrogen deficiency → Light green plants. Apply N in split dose. | |
| Early virus → Remove infected plants; control aphids.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00515.jpg,Chickpea,Botrytis Gray Mold,"Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe pisi) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| White powdery / hair-like fungal growth on leaves, stems, flowers | |
| Common during flowering under cool, dry weather | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Wettable Sulphur 2 g/L | |
| or | |
| Hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Repeat after 10–14 days if needed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00729.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,"Pale leaves in chickpea : | |
| Nitrogen deficiency → Apply starter N / 2% urea spray. | |
| Iron deficiency (young leaves) → Spray FeSO₄ 0.5% + lime 0.25%. | |
| Zinc deficiency → Spray ZnSO₄ 0.5%. | |
| Poor nodulation/root issue → Improve drainage; use Rhizobium treatment.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00382.jpg,Banana,Healthy,"Splitting of pseudostem in banana – causes: | |
| Sudden excess irrigation after dry spell → Rapid growth causes splitting. | |
| ➜ Maintain uniform irrigation. | |
| High nitrogen / low potassium → Soft tissues prone to cracking. | |
| ➜ Reduce N; apply adequate potash (MOP). | |
| Boron deficiency → Tissue cracking and deformities. | |
| ➜ Spray Boron 0.1–0.2% (Boric acid 1–2 g/L). | |
| Strong wind / mechanical injury | |
| ➜ Provide support (propping). | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition and uniform moisture to prevent recurrence",India,Bihar | |
| images/00545.jpg,Maize,Downy Mildew,"White powdery patches on older leaves + leaf crinkling – likely: | |
| Powdery mildew (fungal infection) | |
| White powder-like coating on leaf surface | |
| Affects older leaves first | |
| Leaves may curl, crinkle, and dry | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur 2 g/L | |
| or | |
| Hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Repeat after 10–14 days if needed. | |
| Ensure good air circulation and avoid excess nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00603.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Leaf cutting & leaf damage in maize – likely pests: | |
| Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) | |
| Irregular holes, window-pane damage | |
| Frass (sawdust-like) in whorl | |
| Control : | |
| Apply Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or Chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L into whorl | |
| Install pheromone traps (for FAW) | |
| Remove heavily infested plants early.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00167.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,"Watery round big spots on brinjal leaves + browning & drying – likely cause: | |
| - Phomopsis blight (Phomopsis vexans) | |
| Large circular watery spots | |
| Later turn brown with concentric rings | |
| Leaves dry and may drop | |
| Control : | |
| Remove affected leaves | |
| Spray Mancozeb 2–2.5 g/L | |
| or | |
| Carbendazim + Mancozeb 2 g/L | |
| Repeat after 10–12 days | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation and dense crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00576.jpg,Guava,Fruit Fly,"Whiteflies | |
| Main species: Bemisia tabaci | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Tiny white insects on underside of leaves | |
| Yellowing, curling of leaves | |
| Sticky honeydew secretion | |
| Leads to sooty mold development | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L (early stage) | |
| If severe: Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Install yellow sticky traps",India,Bihar | |
| images/00356.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"Potato Leaf Curl | |
| Main cause: Potato leafroll virus (spread by aphids) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Upward rolling of leaf margins | |
| Stiff, thick leaves | |
| Yellowing and stunted growth | |
| Reduced tuber size | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Control aphids: Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Use certified disease-free seed tubers | |
| Avoid late planting.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00569.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Mango Hopper | |
| Main species: Idioscopus clypealis | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Nymphs & adults suck sap from panicles and tender shoots | |
| Flower drying and poor fruit set | |
| Honeydew secretion → sooty mold | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L at flowering (early stage) | |
| If severe: Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Avoid spraying during full bloom to protect pollinators | |
| Maintain orchard sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00734.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Potato Late Blight | |
| Cause: Phytophthora infestans | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Water-soaked spots on leaves | |
| Brown/black lesions spreading fast White fungal growth on underside | |
| Tuber brown rot | |
| Control: | |
| Preventive: Mancozeb 2–2.5 g/L | |
| After appearance: Metalaxyl + Mancozeb 2 g/L | |
| Spray every 7–10 days in cool, humid weather | |
| Early control is essential.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00770.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Mango – Bunches of Leaves at Shoot Nodes | |
| Likely Causes: | |
| Mango malformation | |
| Bud mite attack | |
| Control: | |
| Prune affected shoots (15–20 cm below) | |
| Spray Carbendazim 1 g/L | |
| If mites: Propargite 2 ml/L | |
| Early pruning is important",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00132.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Light & dark green mosaic pattern on leaves | |
| Leaf curling / distortion | |
| Stunted growth | |
| Reduced pod formation | |
| Spread By: | |
| Aphids (sucking insects) | |
| Infected seeds | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infected plants immediately | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L to control aphids | |
| Use virus-free certified seeds | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| No direct cure — control vectors early.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00109.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"papaya Leaf Curl Virus (PLCV) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Severe leaf curling and crinkling | |
| Leaves become small, thick, and leathery | |
| Yellowing between veins | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Reduced fruit set | |
| Spread By: | |
| -Whiteflies | |
| -Control Measures: | |
| -Remove and destroy infected plants early | |
| -Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| OR Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L (to control whiteflies) | |
| -Install yellow sticky traps | |
| -Maintain field sanitation | |
| -Avoid continuous cropping of papaya | |
| -No direct cure — early vector control is essential.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00155.jpg,Rice,Blast,"Dark Brown Spindle-Shaped Spots with Yellow Halo symptoms are like Disease: Leaf Blast | |
| Cause: Magnaporthe oryzae | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Spindle (eye-shaped) dark brown spots | |
| Grey/whitish centre | |
| Yellow halo around lesions | |
| Spots enlarge and may merge | |
| Severe cases → leaf drying | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Tricyclazole 0.6 g/L | |
| OR Isoprothiolane 1.5 ml/L | |
| Repeat after 7–10 days if needed | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Ensure good field drainage | |
| Early control is important as blast spreads fast in humid weather.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00612.jpg,Banana,Healthy,"Banana – Marginal yellowing, drying of older leaves & leaf hanging | |
| Most common cause: Potassium deficiency | |
| Yellowing starts at margins of older leaves | |
| Edges turn brown and dry (scorching) | |
| Leaves droop | |
| Control: | |
| Apply MOP 100–150 g/plant (split dose) | |
| Spray 1% 13:0:45 (2 sprays, 10–15 days interval) | |
| Maintain proper irrigation | |
| If whole plant wilts → check for wilt (e.g., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00901.jpg,Mustard,Alternaria Blight,"Mustard –Black Rot (Bacterial) | |
| Caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris | |
| Symptoms: | |
| V-shaped yellow to brown lesions starting from leaf margins | |
| Veins turn black | |
| Leaves dry and fall in severe cases | |
| Management: | |
| Use disease-free seed | |
| Seed treatment with Streptocycline (as recommended dose) | |
| Spray Copper oxychloride 0.3% | |
| Ensure proper drainage & crop rotation",India,Uttar Pradesh | |
| images/00978.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Mealybug,"Papaya Mealy Bug | |
| Pest: Paracoccus marginatus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • White cottony masses on leaves, stems, fruits | |
| • Leaf yellowing & curling | |
| • Stunted growth | |
| • Sooty mould due to honeydew | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infested parts | |
| Release Acerophagus papayae | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L (if severe) | |
| Repeat after 10–14 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00674.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Tomato – Slight Upward Leaf Cupping | |
| Causes: | |
| • Heat / moisture stress (most common) | |
| • Thrips / whiteflies | |
| • Early Tomato leaf curl virus (if stunting present) | |
| Control: | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation | |
| Control sucking pests | |
| Remove infected plants if viral symptoms appear | |
| If plant growth is normal → usually stress-related.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00444.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize – Fall Armyworm | |
| Pest: Spodoptera frugiperda | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Window-pane damage on young leaves | |
| • Irregular holes in whorl leaves | |
| • Frass (sawdust-like excreta) inside whorl | |
| • Severe attack → damaged growing point | |
| Control: | |
| Cultural: | |
| -Early sowing | |
| -Destroy egg masses & larvae | |
| Biological: | |
| -Spray Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) | |
| -Release Trichogramma | |
| Chemical (whorl application): | |
| -Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| -Chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L | |
| Spray directed into whorl; repeat after 10–12 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00830.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal – scrapping of green matter and Big Holes on Leaves | |
| Epilachna Beetle | |
| -Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Scraping of leaf surface (skeletonization) | |
| • Large irregular holes | |
| • Yellow spiny grubs underside | |
| Control: | |
| Hand pick beetles & grubs | |
| Spray Neem oil 3–5 ml/L | |
| Severe: Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00044.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize – Fall Armyworm | |
| Pest: Spodoptera frugiperda | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Window-pane damage on young leaves | |
| • Irregular holes in whorl leaves | |
| • Frass (sawdust-like excreta) inside whorl | |
| • Severe attack → damaged growing point | |
| Control: | |
| Cultural: | |
| Early sowing | |
| Destroy egg masses & larvae | |
| Biological: | |
| Spray Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) | |
| Release Trichogramma | |
| Chemical (whorl application): | |
| Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L | |
| Spray directed into whorl; repeat after 10–12 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00789.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Bacterial Wilt | |
| Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum | |
| • Sudden wilting, no initial yellowing | |
| • Brown vascular tissue | |
| • Milky ooze from cut stem | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Good drainage | |
| Crop rotation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00490.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato – Glossy, Slightly Rough & Crinkled Leaves | |
| Likely Cause: Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Caused by Potato leafroll virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Leaves slightly glossy | |
| • Mild crinkling / upward rolling | |
| • Stiff texture | |
| • Stunted growth (later stage) | |
| Management: | |
| -Control aphids (vector) | |
| -Remove infected plants | |
| -Use certified seed tubers | |
| If no stunting and only mild roughness → could be minor nutrient stress.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00961.jpg,Citrus,Citrus Canker; Citrus Psyllid,"Citrus Canker | |
| Cause: Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Raised corky lesions on leaves, stems & fruits | |
| • Yellow halo around spots | |
| • Premature leaf & fruit drop | |
| Control: | |
| Prune infected parts | |
| Spray Copper oxychloride 0.3% | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation | |
| Use disease-free planting material | |
| -Sooty Mold (Citrus) | |
| Develops on honeydew from sucking pests like: | |
| • Toxoptera citricida | |
| • Aleurocanthus woglumi | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Black powdery coating on leaves | |
| • Sticky surface | |
| • Reduced photosynthesis | |
| Control: | |
| -Control sucking pests (Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L) | |
| -Spray neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| -Wash leaves in mild cases | |
| Main difference: | |
| Canker → raised corky lesions | |
| Sooty mold → black surface coating only.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00831.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Papaya Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Cause: Papaya leaf curl virus | |
| (Transmitted by whitefly) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Upward leaf curling | |
| • Leaf thickening & crinkling | |
| • Vein clearing | |
| • Reduced leaf size | |
| • Stunted growth | |
| • Poor fruit set | |
| Control: | |
| -Remove infected plants early | |
| -Control whiteflies (Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L) | |
| -Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| -Use tolerant varieties | |
| Early removal + vector control is key.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00976.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Papaya – Dieback & Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Dieback (Phytophthora Blight) | |
| Cause: Phytophthora palmivora | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Tip drying (pencil tip appearance) | |
| • Sudden drooping of leaves | |
| • Water-soaked stem lesions | |
| • Fruit drop in severe cases | |
| Control: | |
| -Improve drainage | |
| -Drench Metalaxyl + Mancozeb (2 g/L) | |
| -Spray Copper oxychloride 0.3% | |
| -Remove severely infected plants | |
| -Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Cause: Papaya leaf curl virus (whitefly transmitted) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Upward curling & crinkling | |
| • Mosaic/mottling | |
| • Small, thickened leaves (bunchy top) | |
| • Stunted growth | |
| Control: | |
| -Remove infected plants early | |
| -Control whiteflies (Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L) | |
| -Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| -Maintain field sanitation | |
| Difference: | |
| Dieback → tip drying & stem rot | |
| Leaf curl → crinkled, bunchy crown leaves.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00365.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal – Mite Infestation | |
| Common pest: Polyphagotarsonemus latus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Leaves become small, thick & crinkled | |
| • Upward curling of young leaves | |
| • Bronzing / rough leaf surface | |
| • Stunted plant growth | |
| • Poor flowering | |
| Control: | |
| -Spray Wettable sulphur 2 g/L (early stage) | |
| -Spray Abamectin 0.5 ml/L or Spiromesifen 1 ml/L | |
| -Spray directed to underside of leaves | |
| -Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Repeat after 7–10 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00457.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Chilli – Thrips & Leaf Curl | |
| Thrips | |
| Pest: Scirtothrips dorsalis | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Silvery streaks | |
| • Upward curling | |
| • Leaf tip drying | |
| Control: | |
| -Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| -Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| -Blue sticky traps | |
| Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Cause: Chilli leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Severe curling | |
| • Small thick leaves | |
| • Stunted growth | |
| Control: | |
| -Remove infected plants | |
| -Control whiteflies (Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L) | |
| -Yellow sticky traps | |
| Thrips → silvery marks | |
| Virus → stunting + severe curl.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00101.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Mealybug,"Papaya – Mealybug & Leaf Curl Mealybug | |
| Pest: Paracoccus marginatus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • White cottony masses | |
| • Yellowing, curling | |
| • Sooty mold | |
| Control: | |
| -Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| -Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| -Release Acerophagus papayae | |
| Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Cause: Papaya leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms: | |
| • Upward curling | |
| • Small thick leaves | |
| • Stunted growth | |
| Control: | |
| -Remove infected plants | |
| -Control whiteflies",India,Bihar | |
| images/00058.jpg,Groundnut,Collar Rot; Leaf Spot,"Stem Rot | |
| Pathogen: Sclerotium rolfsii | |
| Symptoms: Sudden wilting, brown collar rot, white fungal growth at base, mustard-like sclerotia. | |
| Control: | |
| Seed treat with Trichoderma harzianum (4 g/kg) or Carbendazim (2 g/kg) | |
| Good drainage & crop rotation | |
| Soil drench with Tebuconazole if severe | |
| Leaf Spot | |
| Pathogens: Cercospora arachidicola (early), Phaeoisariopsis personata (late) | |
| Symptoms: Brown/black spots → defoliation | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Mancozeb 2–2.5 g/L at 30 DAS | |
| Repeat with Chlorothalonil/Tebuconazole at 10–15 days interval",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00036.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Miner,"Big Irregular Holes in Groundnut | |
| Main pests: | |
| Spodoptera litura | |
| Helicoverpa armigera | |
| Symptoms: Large round/irregular holes, heavy defoliation. | |
| Control: | |
| Pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| NSKE 5% or Bt spray | |
| If severe: Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or Spinosad 0.3 ml/L",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00813.jpg,Citrus,Citrus Psyllid,"Citrus Psyllid – Symptoms & Control | |
| Pest: Diaphorina citri | |
| (Transmits Citrus Greening / Huanglongbing) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaf curling and twisting | |
| Yellowing of leaves | |
| Stunted growth | |
| Multiple water shoots (excess tender flush) | |
| Honeydew → sooty mold | |
| Control: | |
| Cultural: | |
| Prune and remove water shoots | |
| Remove severely infected plants | |
| Biological: | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Chemical (during new flush): | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| -Spray at early flushing stage for best control.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00017.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Chilli Thrips | |
| Chilli Thrips | |
| Pest: Scirtothrips dorsalis | |
| - Symptoms: | |
| Upward leaf curling | |
| Silvery streaks on leaves | |
| Leaf narrowing and distortion | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Flower drop | |
| -Control: | |
| Install blue sticky traps | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| If severe: Spinosad 0.3 ml/L or Fipronil 1 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00540.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Virus: Tobacco leaf curl virus | |
| Vector: Bemisia tabaci | |
| Symptoms: Upward curling, thick small leaves, vein thickening, stunted plants. | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00011.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Tomato mosaic virus (most commonly) or tobacco mosaic virus: | |
| Symptoms depend on the virus strain. Often, foliage mottles with alternating light and dark green areas. New leaflets curl and are slightly malformed. More severely affected leaves are badly distorted and rather fern-like. Plants usually are somewhat stunted and bear few fruit if infected when young. Plants and fruit are not much smaller if plants are infected after they reach fruiting stage. Occasionally necrotic spots or streaks develop on stems and leaves. Sometimes fruit ripens unevenly, or the fruit wall turns brown internally. | |
| Cultural control | |
| Use resistant varieties. | |
| Use healthy transplants and pathogen-free seed. | |
| Wash hands with soap and water before handling plants. | |
| Disinfect equipment. | |
| Use clean soil each year in seedbeds, or sterilize old soil. | |
| Do not plant in a field with infected debris. | |
| Do not smoke while handling tomato plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00184.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Pale plants in chilli | |
| Main causes & control: | |
| Nitrogen deficiency: Whole plant light green → Apply urea/NPK; foliar 1% urea | |
| Root stress (waterlogging): Plants weak and pale → Improve drainage, avoid excess irrigation | |
| Sucking pests: Pale/silvery leaves → Spray neem oil; control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) if severe",India,Bihar | |
| images/00696.jpg,Bitter gourd,Mosaic Virus; Whiteflies,"The virus is readily transferred by aphids and survives on a wide variety of plants. | |
| New growth is cupped downward, and leaves are severely mottled with alternating light green and dark green patches. | |
| can be controlled by using systemic insecticide such as Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Dinotefuran, and Clothianidin.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00393.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Leaf margin yellowing (chlorosis) | |
| Small brown spots or necrotic patches | |
| Slight curling at the edges",India,Bihar | |
| images/00115.jpg,Soybean,Bacterial Blight; Aphids,"disease looks like anthracnose/pod blight | |
| symptoms as dark brown sunken cankers and irregular brown lesions appear on leaves, stems and pods. | |
| control measures include Seed treatment with Thiram or Captan or Carbendazim 3 g/kg and | |
| Use Mancozeb @ 2.5g/l as spray or Carbendazim 1g/L.",India,Uttar Pradesh | |
| images/00105.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Chilli plants having leaf curl virus affected which is transmitted by white flies and thrips as vector. | |
| Chilli leaf curl virus infestation, it can not be cured, the severely affected plants are uprooted and destroyed. To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water, or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Karnataka | |
| images/00223.jpg,Tomato,Early Blight; Fruit Borer,"symptoms include at early stage leaves get infected with sunken spots and later the lateral branches are infected and fruits has Concentric ring. | |
| control measure include Seed treatment: Trichoderma asperellum @ 4g/kg seeds and then Spray Iprodione 50% WP @ 600 g/ac or Azoxystrobin 23% SC @ 200 ml/ac or Mancozeb 35% SC @ 1 kg/ac or Metiram 70% WG @ 1.0 kg/ac or Pyraclostrobin 20% WG @ 200 g/ac or Zineb 75% WP @ 800 g/ac or Azoxystrobin 18.2%+Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 200 ml/ac or Metiram55% + Pyraclostrobin5% WG @ 600 g/ac or Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG@ 140g/ac",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00852.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight; Mites,"tobacco mosaic virus disease appeared on brinjal plant and it is not listed. | |
| symptoms include conspicuous mottling of leaves. Severely infected leaves become small and misshapen. Plants infected early remain stunted. | |
| Control Measures include Spray insecticides like Dimethoate 2 ml/litre or Metasystox 1 ml/litre of water to control the insect vectors.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00656.jpg,Rice,Sheath Blight; Rice Bug,"disease appears like bacterial leaf streaks with symptoms as small, water-soaked, linear, translucent, yellowish-orange to brown streaks on leaves, which can coalesce | |
| control measures include spray of bactericides like streptomycin sulfate and copper oxychloride. and Use of resistant varieties (e.g., IR 20, TKM 6), strict field sanitation (burning stubble), managing insect vectors (planthoppers), and avoiding excessive nitrogen fertilizer.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00424.jpg,Bean,Bacterial Blight,"Crop: Bush bean | |
| -Brown spots with yellow halo in beans indicate bacterial blight (common bacterial blight or halo blight). | |
| -Symptoms | |
| Small brown, water-soaked spots on leaves | |
| Distinct yellow halo around spots | |
| Spots enlarge and may merge | |
| Severe cases → leaf drying and defoliation | |
| Pods may show greasy lesions | |
| -Cause | |
| Bacterial infection (favored by rain, overhead irrigation, high humidity) | |
| -Control: | |
| Use disease-free seed | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Ensure proper spacing for airflow | |
| Spray copper oxychloride 3 g/L or copper hydroxide 2 g/L | |
| For biological option: spray Pseudomonas fluorescens 5–10 g/L",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00208.jpg,Onion,Purple Blotch; Stemphylium Blight,"Bacterial blight / soft rot in onion | |
| Symptoms | |
| Water-soaked, translucent leaf patches | |
| Tip yellowing and rapid leaf collapse | |
| Soft, mushy bulb or neck rot | |
| Slimy tissue with foul smell | |
| Outer scales slip off easily | |
| Control | |
| Ensure good drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation and injuries | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Spray copper oxychloride 3 g/L + streptocycline 0.5 g/10 L | |
| Maintain proper spacing and aeration",India,Bihar | |
| images/00151.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm | |
| Symptoms | |
| Window-pane scraping on young leaves | |
| Irregular holes and ragged leaf feeding | |
| Whorl filled with frass (sawdust-like excreta) | |
| Shot holes when leaves unfurl | |
| Severe cases: dead heart in young plants | |
| Large green-brown caterpillar with inverted Y on head | |
| Control | |
| Monitor early (seedling to whorl stage) | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae in whorl (small fields) | |
| Apply sand + lime/ash in whorl (early stage) | |
| Spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Biological: Metarhizium/Beauveria or NPV formulations | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Maintain field sanitation and timely sowing",India,Bihar | |
| images/00492.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"No head formation in cauliflower | |
| Causes | |
| Wrong season/variety (temperature mismatch) | |
| Excess nitrogen | |
| Over-aged seedlings | |
| Boron or molybdenum deficiency | |
| Moisture stress | |
| Dense planting or shade | |
| Pest/disease stress | |
| Quick fix | |
| Use season-suitable variety | |
| Apply balanced fertilizer (reduce excess N) | |
| Spray borax 0.2% if boron deficient | |
| Transplant young seedlings (4–5 weeks) | |
| Maintain proper spacing and irrigation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00708.jpg,Gram,Whiteflies,"Blackgram yellow mosaic virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellow mosaic mottling on leaves | |
| Leaf puckering and stunting | |
| Reduced pod formation | |
| Vector | |
| Whitefly | |
| Control | |
| Use resistant varieties | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L+ | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00984.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli black thrips | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery/bronzed streaks on leaves | |
| Leaf curling and crinkling | |
| Black thrips visible on undersides | |
| Scarring on buds and fruits | |
| Severe attack → stunted plants | |
| Control | |
| Install blue sticky traps | |
| Spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| Alternative: emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and maintain field sanitation",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00423.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"Potato leaf curl disease | |
| Cause | |
| Viral disease (spread by whitefly) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling | |
| Thick, leathery leaves | |
| Yellowing and stunting | |
| Reduced tuber size and yield | |
| Control | |
| Use healthy, virus-free seed tubers | |
| Rogue infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Control weeds (alternate hosts)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00016.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Brinjal mites | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves curl downward and become thick | |
| Silvery/bronzed leaf surface | |
| Leaf crinkling and narrowing | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Poor flowering and fruit set | |
| Mites seen on leaf underside (with lens) | |
| Control | |
| Spray spiromesifen 1 ml/L or propargite 2 ml/L | |
| Alternative: abamectin 0.5 ml/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00483.jpg,Citrus,Scale Insects,"Scale insects in citrus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small brown/black shell-like scales on leaves, twigs, fruits | |
| Yellowing of leaves | |
| Sticky honeydew and sooty mold | |
| Twig drying in severe cases | |
| Poor plant vigor | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy heavily infested twigs | |
| Spray horticultural mineral oil 2 ml/L (thorough coverage) | |
| Follow with imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Biological: release ladybird beetles (natural predators) | |
| Avoid dust and maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00179.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling and puckering | |
| Thick, small leaves | |
| Vein swelling | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Flower drop and poor fruit set | |
| Vector | |
| Whitefly | |
| Control | |
| Use tolerant varieties | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Control weeds and maintain sanitation",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00744.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Whiteflies,"Tomato leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling and puckering | |
| Leaves become small and thick | |
| Vein thickening | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Flower drop and poor fruit set | |
| Vector | |
| Whitefly | |
| Control | |
| Use resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Keep field weed-free",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00724.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango anthracnose | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small black/brown sunken spots on leaves | |
| Dark lesions on panicles → flower drying | |
| Dieback of tender shoots in severe cases | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy infected parts | |
| Maintain canopy aeration | |
| Spray mancozeb 2.5 g/L or chlorothalonil 2 g/L (pre-flowering) | |
| During flowering/fruit set: carbendazim 1 g/L or azoxystrobin 0.5 ml/L | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation and maintain orchard sanitation",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00274.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Chilli mites-severe infection | |
| Symptoms | |
| Downward leaf curling | |
| Leaves become thick, narrow, and crinkled | |
| Bronzing/silvery appearance | |
| Stunted plants and shortened internodes | |
| Poor flowering and fruit set | |
| Control | |
| Spray spiromesifen 1 ml/L or propargite 2 ml/L | |
| Alternative: abamectin 0.5 ml/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00267.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"Dolichos bean-Powdery mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on leaves | |
| Spots enlarge and cover leaf surface | |
| Leaves yellow and dry prematurely | |
| Severe cases → poor flowering and pod set | |
| Control | |
| Ensure good spacing and airflow | |
| Spray wettable sulphur 2 g/L | |
| Alternative: hexaconazole 1 ml/L or penconazole 0.5 ml/L | |
| Remove heavily infected leaves | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00121.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli thrips | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery streaks or patches on leaves | |
| Leaf curling upward/downward | |
| Leaf crinkling and distortion | |
| Flower drop | |
| Scarring on fruits | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Control | |
| Install blue sticky traps | |
| Spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| Alternative: emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and keep field clean",India,Bihar | |
| images/00836.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango malformation (vegetative) or boron deficiency | |
| Symptoms | |
| Death of terminal (apical) bud | |
| Bunching/rosetting of small leaves at shoot tip | |
| Short internodes | |
| Bushy appearance of shoots | |
| Poor flowering in affected shoots | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy malformed shoots 15–20 cm below affected part | |
| Spray NAA 200 ppm in October (for malformation-prone orchards) | |
| Spray borax 0.2% if boron deficiency suspected | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00694.jpg,Canola,Aphids,"Canola aphids | |
| Symptoms | |
| Colonies of small green/black aphids on shoots and undersides | |
| Leaf curling and yellowing | |
| Sticky honeydew and sooty mold | |
| Stunted growth and poor pod filling | |
| Control | |
| Encourage natural enemies (ladybird beetles) | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00232.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal fruit & shoot borer | |
| Symptoms | |
| Drooping and drying of tender shoots | |
| Entry holes with frass on shoots/fruits | |
| Boreholes on fruits with internal feeding | |
| Premature fruit drop | |
| Poor fruit quality | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy affected shoots/fruits regularly | |
| Install pheromone traps (10–12/acre) | |
| Release Trichogramma egg parasitoids (if available) | |
| Spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Alternative: chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L | |
| Maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00660.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli black thrips | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery to bronze streaks on leaves | |
| Leaf curling and crinkling | |
| Black thrips on leaf underside | |
| Bud and fruit scarring | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Control | |
| Install blue sticky traps | |
| Spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| Alternative: emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and keep field clean",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00221.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Fusarium wilt / root rot in brinjal | |
| Symptoms | |
| Gradual yellowing of lower leaves | |
| Progressive wilting of plant | |
| Brown vascular discoloration in stem | |
| Root browning/rot | |
| Plants remain stunted | |
| Control | |
| Use healthy seedlings | |
| Ensure good drainage | |
| Soil application/drench Trichoderma viride 5 g/L | |
| Drench carbendazim 1 g/L or thiophanate methyl 1 g/L | |
| Follow crop rotation | |
| Avoid waterlogging",India,Bihar | |
| images/00395.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm | |
| Symptoms | |
| Window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Shot holes and ragged leaf damage | |
| Frass (sawdust-like) in whorl | |
| Whorl feeding and leaf shredding | |
| Severe cases: dead heart in young plants | |
| Caterpillar with inverted Y mark on head | |
| Control | |
| Monitor from seedling stage | |
| Handpick larvae in whorl (small fields) | |
| Apply sand + ash/lime in whorl (early stage) | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Biological: Beauveria/Metarhizium or NPV formulations | |
| Maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00677.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli black thrips | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery/bronze streaks on leaves | |
| Leaf curling and crinkling | |
| Black thrips on leaf underside | |
| Bud and fruit scarring | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Control | |
| Install blue sticky traps | |
| Spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| Alternative: emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Biological: neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and keep field clean",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00260.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot,"Banana Sigatoka leaf spot | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small yellow specks on older leaves | |
| Specks enlarge into brown elongated spots | |
| Spots develop grey center with dark margin | |
| Leaves turn yellow and dry prematurely | |
| Severe cases → reduced bunch size | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infected leaves | |
| Maintain good spacing and aeration | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation | |
| Spray mancozeb 2.5 g/L or chlorothalonil 2 g/L | |
| Systemic option: propiconazole 1 ml/L or hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Follow regular spray schedule in humid weather",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00883.jpg,Bottle gourd,Mosaic Virus; Aphids,"Bottle gourd mosaic virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light and dark green mosaic on leaves | |
| Leaf puckering and distortion | |
| Reduced leaf size | |
| Stunted vines | |
| Deformed or mottled fruits | |
| Poor yield | |
| Vector | |
| Aphids (mainly) | |
| Control | |
| Use virus-free seed | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Control weeds and maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00633.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus; Whiteflies,"Tomato leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling and puckering | |
| Leaves small, thick, and leathery | |
| Vein thickening | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Flower drop and poor fruit set | |
| Vector | |
| Whitefly | |
| Control | |
| Use resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Keep field weed-free",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00263.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm | |
| Symptoms | |
| Window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Shot holes and ragged damage | |
| Frass (sawdust-like) in whorl | |
| Leaf shredding from whorl | |
| Severe cases: dead heart | |
| Caterpillar with inverted Y on head | |
| Control | |
| Monitor from seedling stage | |
| Handpick larvae in whorl (small fields) | |
| Apply sand + ash/lime in whorl (early stage) | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Biological: Beauveria/Metarhizium or NPV | |
| Maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00345.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango malformation (floral & vegetative) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Deformed, compact inflorescences from internodes | |
| Bunching (rosetting) of small leaves | |
| Short, thick malformed shoots/branches | |
| Excessive branching giving “witches’ broom” look | |
| Poor or no fruit set on affected panicles | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy malformed shoots/panicles 15–20 cm below affected part | |
| Spray NAA 200 ppm in October (pre-flowering) | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition (avoid excess nitrogen) | |
| Keep orchard clean and well aerated | |
| Follow regular monitoring and early removal",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00024.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Uniform pale green in mango seedlings — Nitrogen deficiency | |
| Symptoms | |
| Entire leaf uniformly light green | |
| Older leaves affected first | |
| Slow, weak growth | |
| Thin stems and small leaves | |
| Correction | |
| Soil apply urea or ammonium sulphate (light dose) | |
| Foliar spray urea 1% (10 g/L) | |
| Add organic manure (FYM/vermicompost) | |
| Maintain proper irrigation and drainage",India,Telangana | |
| images/00055.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm damage | |
| Damage symptoms | |
| Window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Irregular holes and ragged leaf margins | |
| Shot holes after leaf unfurling | |
| Whorl packed with frass (sawdust-like) | |
| Central whorl feeding and leaf shredding | |
| Severe attack → dead heart in seedlings | |
| Poor cob development in heavy infestation | |
| Management | |
| Scout from seedling to whorl stage | |
| Handpick larvae in small fields | |
| Apply sand + ash/lime in whorl (early stage) | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Biological: Beauveria/Metarhizium or NPV formulations",India,Bihar | |
| images/00980.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango malformation (vegetative) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Deformed, compact inflorescences from internodes | |
| Bunching (rosetting) of small leaves | |
| Short, thick malformed shoots/branches | |
| Excessive branching giving “witches’ broom” look | |
| Poor or no fruit set on affected panicles | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy malformed shoots/panicles 15–20 cm below affected part | |
| Spray NAA 200 ppm in October (pre-flowering) | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition (avoid excess nitrogen) | |
| Keep orchard clean and well aerated | |
| Follow regular monitoring and early removal",India,Bihar | |
| images/00233.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango malformation (vegetative) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Deformed, compact inflorescences from internodes | |
| Bunching (rosetting) of small leaves | |
| Short, thick malformed shoots/branches | |
| Excessive branching giving “witches’ broom” look | |
| Poor or no fruit set on affected panicles | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy malformed shoots/panicles 15–20 cm below affected part | |
| Spray NAA 200 ppm in October (pre-flowering) | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition (avoid excess nitrogen) | |
| Keep orchard clean and well aerated | |
| Follow regular monitoring and early removal",India,Bihar | |
| images/00375.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Brinjal little leaf | |
| Cause | |
| Phytoplasma (spread by leafhopper) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Very small, narrow leaves | |
| Bunching/rosetting at shoot tips | |
| Short internodes (bushy plant) | |
| Reduced or no flowering | |
| Flowers turn green and sterile | |
| Severe stunting | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants early | |
| Control leafhopper vector | |
| Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds",India,Bihar | |
| images/00378.jpg,Cabbage,Diamondback Moth,"Leaf-eating caterpillars (diamondback moth) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Large irregular holes on outer leaves | |
| Larvae and black droppings present | |
| Poor or no head formation | |
| Control: | |
| Spray Bt @ 1–2 g/L or Spinosad @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| If severe: Emamectin benzoate @ 0.4 g/L | |
| Spray evening; cover leaf undersides.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00080.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Chilli thrips & leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Thrips: silvery streaks, leaf curling, flower drop | |
| Leaf curl virus: upward curling, thick puckered leaves, stunted plants, poor fruit set | |
| Control | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Yellow/blue sticky traps (8–10/acre) | |
| Neem oil @ 3 ml/L or Beauveria @ 5 g/L | |
| If severe: Spinosad @ 0.3 ml/L (thrips) | |
| Whiteflies: Imidacloprid @ 0.3 ml/L",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00871.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli bacterial wilt | |
| Symptoms | |
| Sudden wilting of whole plant (no yellowing initially) | |
| Leaves droop but remain green | |
| Brown vascular tissue in stem | |
| Milky ooze from cut stem in water test | |
| Plant death in severe cases | |
| Control | |
| Use disease-free seedlings | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Improve drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Crop rotation with cereals (2–3 years) | |
| Soil drench: Copper oxychloride @ 2.5 g/L or Streptocycline + copper oxychloride | |
| Apply Pseudomonas fluorescens or Trichoderma in soil",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00971.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"Cercospora leaf spot in groundnut | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small circular brown spots on leaves | |
| Spots with yellow halo (early leaf spot) | |
| Dark brown to black spots (late leaf spot) | |
| Severe infection → premature leaf fall and yield loss | |
| Control | |
| Use resistant varieties | |
| Remove crop debris | |
| Spray Mancozeb @ 2.5 g/L | |
| or Chlorothalonil @ 2 g/L | |
| Severe: Tebuconazole @ 1 ml/L or Hexaconazole @ 1 ml/L | |
| Repeat spray every 10–14 days",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00882.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Symptoms of TMV in tobacco. The virus affected plants to be uprooted and destroyed immediately, to control whitefly (vector of TMV)spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water as preventive measures at early stage of the crop.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00865.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Green mosaic/mottling on leaves | |
| Leaf curling and distortion | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Deformed pods, poor yield | |
| Spread by aphids and infected seed | |
| Control | |
| Use certified virus-free seed | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Control aphids: Neem oil 2–3 ml/L or Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Keep field weed-free | |
| Grow resistant varieties (if available)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00641.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli Thrips – Symptoms | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery streaks/bronzing on leaves | |
| Leaf curling upward, crinkling | |
| Leaf margins dry and turn brown | |
| Stunted plants; flower drop | |
| Severe attack → leaf curl–like appearance | |
| Control | |
| Install blue sticky traps (10–12/acre) | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L or NSKE 5% | |
| If severe: spray Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L or Fipronil 5 SC @ 1 ml/L or Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen; keep field weed-free",India,Telangana | |
| images/00279.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Symptoms of powdery mildew and leaf curling due to sucking pest infestations. Spray sulfur-based fungicides @1gm per liter of water to combat powdery mildew. Use neem oil or appropriate insecticides (e.g., Fipronil for thrips) to manage insect populations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00745.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Twigs which are infected with brinjal fruit and shoot borer damage | |
| Brinjal Fruit & Shoot Borer | |
| Symptoms | |
| Tender shoots wilt and droop (borer inside) | |
| Small hole with frass (sawdust-like excreta) on shoots/fruits | |
| Bored fruits, rotting from inside | |
| Poor fruit quality and yield loss | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy affected shoots and fruits regularly | |
| Install pheromone traps (Leucinodes lure) 10–12/acre | |
| Release Trichogramma chilonis @ 50,000/acre weekly | |
| Spray Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% or Neem oil 3 ml/L | |
| If severe: spray Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4 g/L or Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Avoid continuous brinjal cropping; maintain field sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00675.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli thrips | |
| Cause: Thrips feeding on the underside of leaves. | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Silvery or bronzed patches on leaf underside | |
| Leaf margins curl upward | |
| Rough, scarred leaf surface | |
| Leaves become narrow, distorted | |
| Heavy attack → stunted plants, flower drop | |
| Management: | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves early | |
| Install blue/yellow sticky traps (10–15/acre) | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L or azadirachtin 1500 ppm | |
| If severe: spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L (rotate chemicals) | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and dusty conditions",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00748.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Mango leaf tip drying | |
| Likely causes | |
| Potassium deficiency | |
| Water/salt stress | |
| Control | |
| Apply potash (MOP) to soil | |
| Spray KNO₃ or SOP 1% (2 sprays) | |
| Maintain proper irrigation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00518.jpg,Banana,Panama Wilt,"The fungus is soil-borne and can survive in soil for years, making integrated management strategies like using resistant varieties, proper soil hygiene, and seed treatment crucial for control of panama wilt.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00383.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli thrips | |
| Cause: Thrips feeding (mostly Scirtothrips dorsalis) on the underside of leaves. | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Silvery or bronzed patches on leaf underside | |
| Leaf margins curl upward | |
| Rough, scarred leaf surface | |
| Leaves become narrow, distorted | |
| Heavy attack → stunted plants, flower drop | |
| Management: | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves early | |
| Install blue/yellow sticky traps (10–15/acre) | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L or azadirachtin 1500 ppm | |
| If severe: spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L (rotate chemicals) | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and dusty conditions",India,Telangana | |
| images/00193.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli thrips | |
| Cause: Thrips feeding on the underside of leaves. | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Silvery or bronzed patches on leaf underside | |
| Leaf margins curl upward | |
| Rough, scarred leaf surface | |
| Leaves become narrow, distorted | |
| Heavy attack → stunted plants, flower drop | |
| Management: | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves early | |
| Install blue/yellow sticky traps (10–15/acre) | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L or azadirachtin 1500 ppm | |
| If severe: spray spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L (rotate chemicals) | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen and dusty conditions",India,Bihar | |
| images/00439.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm | |
| Symptoms | |
| Window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Large irregular holes and ragged leaves | |
| Frass (sawdust-like) in whorl | |
| Larva with inverted Y mark on head | |
| Severe attack → dead heart in young plants | |
| Control | |
| Install pheromone traps 5/acre | |
| Apply sand + ash or sand + lime into whorl (early stage) | |
| Spray Neem oil 3 ml/L (early infestation) | |
| If severe: spray Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4 g/L or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 0.5 ml/L or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.4 ml/L | |
| Encourage natural enemies; keep field weed-free",India,Bihar | |
| images/00177.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Tomato Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling and crinkling | |
| Leaves become small, thick, yellowish | |
| Stunted plants with short internodes | |
| Poor flowering and fruit set | |
| Spread by whiteflies | |
| Control | |
| Use resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (10–12/acre) | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| If severe: spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Keep nursery and field weed-free",India,Bihar | |
| images/00346.jpg,Citrus,Citrus Canker,"Citrus Canker | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small raised corky lesions with yellow halo on leaves | |
| Similar rough lesions on twigs and fruits | |
| Lesions become crater-like with cracks | |
| Severe infection → leaf drop, fruit blemishes | |
| Control | |
| Use disease-free planting material | |
| Prune and destroy infected twigs | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation and injuries | |
| Spray Copper oxychloride 3 g/L or Bordeaux mixture 1% at 20–25 day intervals | |
| Add Streptocycline 0.1 g/L + copper spray in severe cases | |
| Maintain good orchard sanitation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00935.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Cauliflower leaf margin burning – small curds | |
| Likely causes | |
| Potassium deficiency (most common) | |
| Boron deficiency (often with small curds) | |
| Salt or water stress | |
| Control | |
| Apply MOP (potash) as recommended | |
| Spray SOP or KNO₃ 1% (2 sprays) | |
| Spray Borax 0.2% if curds are small | |
| Maintain proper irrigation; avoid saline water and excess fertilizer",India,Bihar | |
| images/00500.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light and dark green mosaic/mottling | |
| Leaf curling, puckering | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Deformed pods, poor seed set | |
| Spread by aphids and infected seed | |
| Control | |
| Use certified virus-free seed | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Control aphids: Neem oil 2–3 ml/L or Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Keep field weed-free | |
| Grow resistant varieties",India,Bihar | |
| images/00285.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato leaf curl | |
| Cause: Viral disease transmitted mainly by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Upward curling and cupping of leaves | |
| Leaves become thick, leathery | |
| Yellowing or pale green leaves | |
| Shortened internodes → bushy plants | |
| Stunted growth and poor tuber yield | |
| Heavy infestation → plant remains dwarf | |
| Management: | |
| Use certified virus-free seed tubers | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (12–15/acre) | |
| Control whiteflies: | |
| Neem oil 2–3 ml/L or azadirachtin spray | |
| If severe: imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L (rotate) | |
| Avoid overlapping crops of tomato/chilli nearby | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds (virus hosts)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00031.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Papaya Leaf Curl Virus – | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling and crinkling | |
| Leaves become small, thick, and distorted | |
| Vein thickening and yellowing | |
| Stunted plants, bunchy top appearance | |
| Poor flowering and fruit set | |
| Spread by whiteflies | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (10–12/acre) | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| If severe: spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Keep field and surroundings weed-free",India,Bihar | |
| images/00174.jpg,Ridge gourd,Powdery Mildew,"Ridge Gourd Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on leaves and stems | |
| Leaves turn yellow, dry, and curl | |
| Poor fruit development in severe cases | |
| Control | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur 2–3 g/L or Potassium bicarbonate 5 g/L | |
| If severe: spray Hexaconazole 1 ml/L or Tebuconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Ensure good spacing and air circulation | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Repeat spray at 7–10 day interval if needed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00572.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"Groundnut Leaf Spot | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small brown to dark spots on leaves | |
| Spots enlarge with yellow halo | |
| Severe cases → leaf drying and defoliation | |
| Yield reduction | |
| Control | |
| Use resistant varieties | |
| Remove crop debris; follow crop rotation | |
| Spray Mancozeb 2.5 g/L or Chlorothalonil 2 g/L | |
| If severe: Tebuconazole 1 ml/L or Hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Start spray at first appearance; repeat every 10–14 days",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00404.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Green mosaic/mottling on leaves | |
| Leaf curling and puckering | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Deformed pods, poor yield | |
| Spread by aphids and infected seed | |
| Control | |
| Use certified virus-free seed | |
| Rogue and destroy infected plants | |
| Control aphids: Neem oil 2–3 ml/L or Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Keep field weed-free | |
| Grow resistant varieties if available",India,Bihar | |
| images/00643.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"Bean Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on leaves and stems | |
| Leaves turn yellow and dry | |
| Premature leaf fall | |
| Poor pod filling in severe cases | |
| Control | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur 2–3 g/L | |
| If severe: spray Hexaconazole 1 ml/L or Tebuconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Maintain good spacing and air circulation | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Repeat spray at 7–10 day interval if needed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00309.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"Bean Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery growth on leaves/stems | |
| Yellowing and drying of leaves | |
| Premature leaf fall | |
| Reduced pod yield | |
| Control | |
| Spray Wettable sulphur 2–3 g/L | |
| If severe: Hexaconazole 1 ml/L or Tebuconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Ensure good air circulation | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Repeat spray every 7–10 days if needed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00909.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli thrips | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Silvery/bronzed patches (leaf underside) | |
| Upward curling, distorted leaves | |
| Flower drop, stunting | |
| Control: | |
| Blue sticky traps (10–15/acre) | |
| Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| If severe: spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| Spray underside of leaves and rotate chemicals",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00175.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Mango Hopper | |
| Symptoms | |
| Sap sucking on panicles | |
| Flower drying and drop | |
| Honeydew and sooty mould | |
| Poor fruit set | |
| Control | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| If severe: Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Prune canopy; keep orchard clean | |
| Spray at panicle emergence and pea stage",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00226.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward leaf curling | |
| Thick, crinkled leaves | |
| Vein swelling, yellowing | |
| Stunted plants, bunchy top | |
| Whiteflies present | |
| Control | |
| Remove infected plants | |
| Control whiteflies (yellow traps, neem oil) | |
| If severe: spray imidacloprid/thiamethoxam | |
| Keep field weed-free | |
| Use healthy seedlings",India,Bihar | |
| images/00750.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal Fruit & Shoot Borer- wilting and drying of young shoots | |
| Cause: Leucinodes orbonalis | |
| Symptoms | |
| Wilting/drooping of tender shoots | |
| Entry holes on fruits with frass (excreta) | |
| Fruits become unmarketable | |
| Larva found inside shoots/fruits | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy affected shoots/fruits regularly | |
| Install pheromone traps (10–12/acre) | |
| Release Trichogramma if available | |
| Spray neem oil (2–3 ml/L) | |
| If severe: spray emamectin benzoate or spinosad as recommended",India,Bihar | |
| images/00568.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Tomato Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward curling of leaves | |
| Thick, leathery leaves | |
| Yellowing and vein swelling | |
| Stunted plants, reduced fruit set | |
| Whiteflies present | |
| Control | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Control whiteflies (yellow traps, neem oil) | |
| If severe: spray imidacloprid/thiamethoxam | |
| Use healthy seedlings | |
| Keep field weed-free",India,Bihar | |
| images/00549.jpg,Potato,Bacterial Wilt,"Wilting of potato plants, sudden wilting and no yellowing | |
| Most likely: Bacterial wilt | |
| symptoms | |
| Single plant suddenly wilts | |
| Leaves stay green but droop | |
| Brown vascular tissue in stem | |
| Milky ooze in water test | |
| Control: | |
| Uproot and destroy affected plant with surrounding soil | |
| Avoid excess irrigation and water stagnation | |
| Disinfect tools and avoid field spread | |
| Use disease-free seed in future",India,Bihar | |
| images/00135.jpg,Maize,Turcicum Leaf Blight,"Maize – Yellowing, Browning & Necrotic Patches | |
| Most likely: Turcicum leaf blight (Northern corn leaf blight) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Long yellow-brown lesions on leaves | |
| Lesions turn necrotic (dry brown) | |
| Starts on lower leaves and spreads upward | |
| Severe cases cause leaf drying | |
| Control | |
| Grow resistant hybrids | |
| Avoid dense planting and excess nitrogen | |
| Remove crop residues | |
| Spray mancozeb or propiconazole at early stage (repeat if needed)*",India,Bihar | |
| images/00713.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize Fall Armyworm | |
| Cause: Spodoptera frugiperda | |
| Symptoms | |
| Window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Irregular large holes in whorl leaves | |
| Sawdust-like frass inside whorl | |
| Ragged, shredded leaves | |
| Control | |
| Regular field scouting (early stage) | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Apply neem seed kernel extract (NSKE 5%) | |
| Apply sand + lime/ash in whorl (early stage) | |
| If severe: spray emamectin benzoate or spinetoram into whorl as recommended",India,Telangana | |
| images/00403.jpg,Citrus,Leaf Miner,"Citrus Leaf Miner | |
| Cause: Phyllocnistis citrella | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery zig-zag mines on young leaves | |
| Leaf curling and distortion | |
| Twisted tender flush | |
| Reduced plant vigor | |
| Control | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen (reduces flush) | |
| Prune heavily infested shoots | |
| Spray neem oil (2–3 ml/L) on new flush | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| If severe: spray abamectin or imidacloprid on tender leaves",India,Telangana | |
| images/00450.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Cauliflower – Small Curd with Pinkish Tinge | |
| Most likely cause: Pink curd disorder (often linked to nutrient imbalance & temperature stress) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small, poorly developed curd | |
| Pink to purplish discoloration on curd | |
| Control | |
| Maintain proper planting season (avoid temperature stress) | |
| Ensure balanced fertilization (especially boron & potassium) | |
| Spray borax 0.25% (2.5 g/L) if boron deficiency suspected | |
| Maintain regular irrigation (avoid moisture stress) | |
| Use recommended varieties for the season",India,Bihar | |
| images/00148.jpg,Papaya,Anthracnose,"Papaya – Light Green Leaves, Edge Drying & Light Gray Spots | |
| Most likely: Cercospora leaf spot | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light gray to ash-colored spots on leaves | |
| Yellowing/light green foliage | |
| Leaf margins dry and scorch | |
| Spots enlarge and leaves dry prematurely | |
| Control | |
| Remove heavily infected leaves | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation | |
| Improve spacing and aeration | |
| Spray mancozeb or chlorothalonil at 7–10 day interval | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition (especially potassium)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00585.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Mites (yellow mites) | |
| Cause: Polyphagotarsonemus latus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Downward curling, puckered leaves | |
| Leaf bronzing and thickening | |
| Stunted top growth | |
| Control | |
| Spray spiromesifen or propargite | |
| Neem oil (2–3 ml/L) in early stage | |
| Avoid excessive nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00026.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips; Mites,"Chilli – Whiteflies, Thrips & Mites | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Whiteflies: yellowing, leaf curl, sticky honeydew. | |
| Thrips: silvery streaks, upward leaf curl, flower drop. | |
| Mites: yellow specks, bronzing, downward curl, fine webbing. | |
| Control: | |
| Install yellow/blue sticky traps. | |
| Spray neem oil or azadirachtin regularly. | |
| If severe: use imidacloprid/thiamethoxam (whiteflies), spinosad/fipronil (thrips), propargite/spiromesifen or wettable sulphur (mites) as per label. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and proper irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00872.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot,"Groundnut Leaf Spot (Tikka) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Small brown to dark circular spots on leaves, yellow halo around lesions, heavy infection causes premature leaf fall and yield loss. | |
| Control: | |
| Grow tolerant varieties and maintain field sanitation. | |
| Spray mancozeb or chlorothalonil at first appearance. | |
| If severe: spray carbendazim + mancozeb or tebuconazole (as per label) at 10–14 day intervals.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00692.jpg,Chickpea,Botrytis Gray Mold,"Chickpea – Powdery Mildew (Graying/Powdery Leaves) | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Gray-white powdery coating on leaves, stems, and pods; leaves turn dull, dry, and may drop in severe cases. | |
| Control: | |
| Ensure good air circulation; avoid dense crop. | |
| Spray wettable sulphur (2 g/L) or neem oil at early stage. | |
| If severe: spray hexaconazole or tebuconazole (as per label) at 10–14 day interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00013.jpg,Coriander,Healthy,"Coriander – Yellowing due to Nitrogen Deficiency & Water Stress/Root Rot | |
| Nitrogen Deficiency | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Older leaves turn uniformly pale yellow. | |
| Slow growth, thin stems, poor leaf development. | |
| Control: | |
| Apply nitrogenous fertilizer (e.g., urea 20–30 kg/acre) in split doses. | |
| Incorporate well-decomposed organic manure or compost. | |
| Water Stress / Root Rot | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Yellowing of leaves with wilting. | |
| Roots may be dark, soft, or rotten; plants may collapse in severe cases. | |
| Control: | |
| Avoid waterlogging; ensure proper drainage. | |
| Irrigate evenly, do not let soil dry excessively. | |
| Remove affected plants and avoid replanting in infected soil. | |
| If fungal, drench soil with carbendazim or metalaxyl (label dose).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00525.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Chilli – Mite Infestation | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Tiny specks on leaf surface → leaves turn yellow or bronze. | |
| Leaves curl, dry, and drop in severe attack. | |
| Fine webbing may appear on underside of leaves. | |
| Control: | |
| Spray wettable sulphur (2 g/L) or neem oil. | |
| If severe: use propargite or spiromesifen (follow label dose). | |
| Keep field weed-free and maintain proper irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00261.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato – Leaf Curl | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Young leaves curl upward, become thickened and leathery. | |
| Stunted growth, reduced leaf size, and poor tuber development. | |
| Yellowing may appear on older leaves in severe cases. | |
| Control: | |
| Use virus-free seed tubers. | |
| Control whiteflies (vector) with yellow sticky traps or neem oil. | |
| Rogue and destroy infected plants. | |
| Spray imidacloprid or thiamethoxam if whitefly population is high (follow label instructions).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00893.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Mango – Leaf Tip Drying | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaf tips turn brown and dry, progressing toward the base. | |
| May affect older leaves first; sometimes accompanied by leaf curl or marginal scorch. | |
| Stunted growth if severe. | |
| Causes & Control: | |
| Nutrient deficiency (potassium, magnesium): Apply potassium sulfate or magnesium sulfate as foliar spray. | |
| Water stress: Ensure regular irrigation and avoid waterlogging. | |
| Maintain good drainage and mulching to conserve soil moisture.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00251.jpg,Bitter gourd,Powdery Mildew,"leaf minor and powdery mildew infections are seen | |
| Bitter Gourd – Leaf Minor & Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Leaf Minor: serpentine tunnels, silvery patches, leaf drying. | |
| Powdery Mildew: white powdery coating, leaf curl, distortion. | |
| Control: | |
| Remove affected leaves, maintain spacing. | |
| Spray neem oil or wettable sulphur. | |
| If severe: abamectin/emamectin (leaf minor), hexaconazole/tebuconazole (powdery mildew).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00254.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize – Fall Armyworm | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Chewed leaves with ragged edges, “windowpane” feeding. | |
| Caterpillars bore into whorl and cob, causing stunted growth. | |
| Frass (excreta) visible in whorls and on ground. | |
| Control: | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae in small fields. | |
| Spray neem oil or azadirachtin for early infestations. | |
| If severe: use spinosad (follow label dose). | |
| Maintain weed-free fields and crop rotation to reduce pest buildup.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00270.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Early Blight (Alternaria solani) | |
| Symptoms: Small dark-brown spots on older leaves, often with concentric rings (“target spots”). Leaves may yellow and wilt. | |
| Conditions: Warm, humid weather. | |
| Control: | |
| Remove infected leaves. | |
| Apply fungicides like chlorothalonil or mancozeb. | |
| Practice crop rotation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00488.jpg,Onion,Thrips,"Onion – Thrips | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Tiny yellow-white insects on leaf surface and underside. | |
| Leaves develop silvery streaks, curl, and may dry. | |
| Severe attack reduces bulb size and yield. | |
| Control: | |
| Spray neem oil or azadirachtin early. | |
| If severe: use spinosad or imidacloprid (follow label dose). | |
| Maintain proper spacing and weed-free fields.",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00618.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato – Leaf Curl | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Young leaves curl upward, become thickened and leathery. | |
| Stunted growth and reduced tuber size. | |
| Yellowing may appear on older leaves in severe cases. | |
| Control: | |
| Use virus-free seed tubers. | |
| Control whiteflies (vector) with yellow sticky traps or neem oil. | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants. | |
| Spray imidacloprid or thiamethoxam if whitefly population is high (follow label instructions).",India,Uttar Pradesh | |
| images/00922.jpg,Bean,Pod Borer,"Dolichos Bean – Flower-Eating | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Caterpillars feed on flowers, buds, and young pods. | |
| Flowers drop prematurely → poor pod set. | |
| Chewed petals and visible larvae on plants. | |
| Control: | |
| Handpick and destroy larvae in small fields. | |
| Spray neem oil or azadirachtin early. | |
| If severe: use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) or chlorantraniliprole (follow label dose). | |
| Maintain field hygiene and remove weed hosts.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00368.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus infestation, it can not be cured, the severely affected plants are uprooted and destroyed. To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00037.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Wheat crop having Nitrogen deficiency symptoms. Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea is applicable @ 10 to 15kg per hactare to the soil after weeding-OR- | |
| Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00236.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Infestation of FAW, For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl as recommended doses.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00322.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Symptoms of Papaya Leaf Curl Virus. It causes upward or inward curling, leaf reduction, and twisted petioles. Immediately remove and destroy any infected plants to prevent the virus from spreading to healthy ones. | |
| Control the whitefly population, which is the primary vector, can be controlled by spraying Neem oil,300ppm @5ml per liter of water, or Spinosad@ 3ml in 10-liters of water at 8 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00593.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"There is aphids infestation in potato plants. Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00664.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,"There's no chemical cure for Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) in brinjal; management focuses on prevention and cultural practices like destroying infected plants, using certified seeds, sanitizing tools (bleach/boiling water), controlling insect vectors (aphids)",India,Bihar | |
| images/00170.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Chilli leaf curl virus has no direct chemical cure, making management entirely dependent on controlling the whitefly and aphids vector and removing infected plants. Control measures include using virus-resistant varieties, installing net barriers, deploying yellow sticky traps, and applying systemic insecticides like imidacloprid or neem oil.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00811.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"The symptoms are of typical Nitrogen deficiency, lower leaves turning yellow, starting from margin. | |
| Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00468.jpg,Mango,Bacterial Canker; Mango Hopper,"symptoms looks like mango malformation appears as a ""bunchy top"" appearance where thickened, small shoots with rudimentally leaves form.Affects inflorescence (panicles), creating thick, compact, and deformed clusters that do not set fruit, often turning into a black, dry mass.control measure include spray of NAA @2/ltr",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00442.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot; Banana Weevil,"Rapid drying and defoliation of leaves are the characteristic feature of this disease. | |
| Leaves show ellipthical spots where the centre of these spots turns to light grey colour surrounded by yellow halo | |
| control measures include Spray 3 times with Carbendazim 0.1 per cent or Propicanozole 0.1 % or Mancozeb 0.25% and teepol (sticking agent) at 10-15 days interval, as the disease starting from initial appearance of leaf specks .",India,Bihar | |
| images/00176.jpg,Cabbage,Downy Mildew; Diamondback Moth,"Downy mildew can cause much of a field of milkwhite cauliflower curds to develop superficial discolored spots that renders the disease damage heads unmarketable. | |
| control measures include Seed treatment with Metalaxyl (Apron 6g/kg) and Foliar spray with Metalaxyl (Ridomil) @ 0.4 %",India,Bihar | |
| images/00237.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight; Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Mosaic mottling of leaves and stunting of plants are the characteristic symptoms of potato virus Y Mosaic symptoms are mild in early stages but later become severe. | |
| Infected leaves are deformed, small and leathery. Very few fruits are produced on infected plants. | |
| control measure includes Spray insecticides like Dimethoate 2 ml/litre or Metasystox 1 ml/litre of water to control the insect vectors.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00386.jpg,Pomegranate,Scale Insects,"Pomegranate plant at flowering stage, few leaves are twisted and deformed may be due to sucking pests like aphids, scale insects. which can be controlled by spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00357.jpg,Tomato,Late Blight; Leaf Miner,"Water-soaked black lesions on leaves and stems | |
| Lesions expand rapidly and the entire leaf becomes necrotic.Dark brown lesions on fruit | |
| Soft rot and disintegration of fruits. | |
| control measure includes Soil application of Trichoderma asperellum (viride) @ 1.0 kg/ac | |
| Spray Cyazofamid 34.5% SC @ 80 ml/ac or Azoxystrobin 23% SC @ 200 ml/ac or Mancozeb 35% SC @ 1000 g/ac or Zineb 75% WP @ 800 g/ac or Azoxystrobin 18.2%+ Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 200 ml/ac",India,Bihar | |
| images/00803.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"Papaya plant having poor growth, apply balance NPK nutrition and papaya tree needs an adequate supply of moisture in the soil to keep it growing vigorously all the time for better flowering and fruit setting.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00366.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli leaf curl virus infestation, it can not be cured, the severely affected plants are uprooted and destroyed. To control whitefly (vector of chili leaf curl virus) spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water, or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00951.jpg,Rose,Healthy,"Rose plants leaves yellowing, may be due to Nitrogen deficiency, Application of FYM or nitrogen rich fertilisers helps to improve the fertility status of soil. Spray liquid nano urea@ 2.5 ml per liter of water to the rose plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00478.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,"The symptoms are of typical Nitrogen deficiency in Paddy, lower leaves turning yellow, starting from margin. | |
| Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00565.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Wilting and drying of tender shoots (“dead heart”). | |
| Entry holes on shoots and fruits with frass (insect excreta) outside. | |
| Fruits show internal tunneling and rotting. | |
| Deformed, unmarketable fruits and heavy yield loss. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Remove and destroy infested shoots and fruits regularly. | |
| Install pheromone traps (12–15/acre) for monitoring and mass trapping. | |
| Encourage natural enemies (e.g., Trichogramma release). | |
| Spray neem oil (2–3 ml/L) or NSKE 5%. | |
| If severe: spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L. | |
| Follow crop rotation and avoid continuous brinjal cropping.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00186.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Potassium Deficiency in Mango | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellowing starts at leaf margins and tips (older leaves first). | |
| Leaf edges become brown and scorched (marginal burn). | |
| Leaves may curl downward and become brittle. | |
| Weak shoots, poor flowering and fruit set. | |
| Fruits small, poor quality, low sweetness. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Apply MOP (Muriate of Potash) to soil as per tree age (generally 200–500 g/tree/year for bearing trees, split doses). | |
| Foliar spray: 1% potassium nitrate (10 g/L) or 1% SOP during active growth. | |
| Maintain proper irrigation and soil moisture. | |
| Apply balanced fertilizers with recommended NPK. | |
| Add organic matter (FYM/compost) to improve nutrient uptake.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00396.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Fruit & Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) and Brinjal leaf curl virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Tender shoots wilt and dry (dead heart). | |
| Small holes on fruits with frass outside. | |
| Larva tunnels inside shoots and fruits. | |
| Fruits become deformed and unfit for market. | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy infested shoots and fruits weekly. | |
| Install pheromone traps (12–15/acre). | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L or NSKE 5%. | |
| If severe: spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L at 7–10 day interval. | |
| Avoid continuous brinjal cropping. | |
| 2) Leaf Curl Virus (Whitefly-borne) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward curling and crinkling of young leaves. | |
| Leaves become small, thick and puckered. | |
| Plant becomes stunted and bushy. | |
| Poor flowering and fruit set. | |
| Control | |
| Rogue and destroy infected plants early. | |
| Control whiteflies: | |
| Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10/acre). | |
| Maintain weed-free field.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00342.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus; Whiteflies,"Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV) | |
| Cause: Virus transmitted mainly by whiteflies. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward curling and crinkling of young leaves. | |
| Leaves become thick, small and leathery. | |
| Vein thickening and vein clearing. | |
| Plant becomes stunted and bushy. | |
| Poor leaf size and reduced yield. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants early. | |
| Control whiteflies: | |
| Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10/acre). | |
| Maintain weed-free field (remove alternate hosts). | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen",India,Bihar | |
| images/00591.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Potato Powdery Mildew — Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| White, powdery patches on leaves (mainly upper surface). | |
| Patches enlarge and cover leaf surface. | |
| Leaves turn yellow, dry and fall early. | |
| Severe cases reduce tuber yield. | |
| Favouring Conditions | |
| Cool, dry weather with high humidity. | |
| Dense crop canopy and poor air circulation. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Ensure proper spacing and field aeration. | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer. | |
| Spray wettable sulphur 2 g/L at early stage. | |
| If severe: spray hexaconazole 1 ml/L or penconazole 1 ml/L. | |
| Repeat spray at 10–12 day interval if needed. | |
| Remove heavily infected leaves.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00721.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Likely Cause: Mango malformation | |
| Symptoms | |
| Vegetative buds become bushy, bunchy (witches’ broom). | |
| Leaves crowded and small at shoot tips. | |
| Tip drying of leaves/shoots. | |
| Short internodes and abnormal vegetative growth. | |
| Poor or no flowering on affected shoots. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Prune and destroy malformed shoots 15–20 cm below affected portion. | |
| After pruning, spray carbendazim 1 g/L on cut ends. | |
| Spray NAA 200 ppm in October (helps reduce malformation). | |
| Maintain balanced nutrition (especially potassium). | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer. | |
| Keep orchard well aerated.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00601.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,"Purplish and Gray Colouration in Old Brinjal Leaves | |
| Most Likely Cause: Phosphorus deficiency | |
| Symptoms | |
| Older leaves show purplish or reddish tinge. | |
| Leaves may appear dull gray-green. | |
| Slow plant growth and weak stems. | |
| Poor flowering and fruit set. | |
| Symptoms start from older leaves first. | |
| Why It Happens | |
| Low phosphorus in soil. | |
| Cold or waterlogged soils reduce uptake. | |
| Imbalanced fertilizer use.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00489.jpg,Potato,Early Blight,"Potato Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White, powdery fungal growth on leaf surface (usually upper side). | |
| Patches enlarge and may cover entire leaf. | |
| Leaves turn yellow, then dry and drop early. | |
| In severe cases, stems may also show powdery coating. | |
| Reduced tuber size and yield. | |
| Favouring Conditions | |
| Cool (18–25 °C), dry weather with high humidity. | |
| Dense canopy and poor air circulation. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Maintain proper plant spacing and field aeration. | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer. | |
| Remove heavily infected leaves. | |
| Spray wettable sulphur 2 g/L at first appearance. | |
| If disease is severe: spray hexaconazole 1 ml/L or penconazole 1 ml/L. | |
| Repeat spray at 10–12 day interval if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00412.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew; Mosaic Virus,"Dolichus Bean — Powdery Mildew & Mosaic Virus | |
| 1) Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on leaves, stems, pods. | |
| Leaves turn yellow, dry and fall early. | |
| Poor flowering and pod formation. | |
| Control | |
| Ensure good spacing and air movement. | |
| Spray wettable sulphur 2 g/L at first appearance. | |
| If severe: spray hexaconazole 1 ml/L or penconazole 1 ml/L. | |
| Repeat at 10–12 day interval if needed. | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen. | |
| 2) Mosaic Virus (aphid-borne) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light and dark green mosaic mottling on leaves. | |
| Leaf puckering and slight curling. | |
| Stunted plants and poor pod set. | |
| Leaves may become narrow and distorted. | |
| Control | |
| Rogue and destroy infected plants early. | |
| Control aphids: | |
| Neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10/acre). | |
| Keep field weed-free.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00833.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"If Dieback / Anthracnose | |
| Symptoms | |
| Drying starts from tip and moves backward. | |
| Branches show dark lesions and rot. | |
| Twigs dry and break easily. | |
| Fruit may also show sunken spots. | |
| Control | |
| Prune and destroy affected branches. | |
| Spray carbendazim 1 g/L or mancozeb 2.5 g/L. | |
| If severe: azoxystrobin + difenoconazole as per label. | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation and maintain spacing.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00726.jpg,Coriander,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery Mildew in Coriander | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery coating on leaves and stems. | |
| Leaves turn yellow and dry. | |
| Poor growth and reduced seed yield. | |
| Severe cases → premature drying. | |
| Control | |
| Ensure good spacing and air circulation. | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen. | |
| Spray wettable sulphur 2 g/L at first appearance. | |
| If severe: spray hexaconazole 1 ml/L or penconazole 1 ml/L. | |
| Repeat after 10–12 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00821.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli — Nitrogen + Potassium Deficiency with Thrips | |
| Symptoms | |
| Nitrogen deficiency | |
| Uniform pale green/yellow older leaves. | |
| Slow, weak growth. | |
| Potassium deficiency | |
| Leaf margins yellow → brown scorch. | |
| Leaves curl and become brittle. | |
| Poor fruit size and quality. | |
| Thrips damage | |
| Silvery streaks/patches on leaves. | |
| Leaf curling and crinkling. | |
| Tiny slender insects on underside. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Nutrient correction | |
| Apply recommended NPK (balanced dose). | |
| Foliar spray: | |
| 2% urea (20 g/L) | |
| 1% potassium nitrate or SOP (10 g/L) | |
| Apply FYM/compost and maintain moisture. | |
| Thrips management | |
| Install blue sticky traps (8–10/acre). | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L. | |
| If severe: spinosad 0.3 ml/L or fipronil 1 ml/L. | |
| Ensure spray covers leaf underside.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00867.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Small Hole on Chilli Fruits & Premature Fruit Drop | |
| Most likely cause: Fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small round holes on fruits. | |
| Larva feeds inside fruit. | |
| Frass (insect waste) near hole. | |
| Premature fruit drop and damaged pods. | |
| Control | |
| Handpick and destroy damaged fruits. | |
| Install pheromone traps (5–8/acre). | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L at early stage. | |
| If severe: spray emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or spinosad 0.3 ml/L. | |
| Spray in evening and cover fruits well. | |
| Repeat after 7–10 days if needed.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00048.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"A white powdery fungal coating appears on leaves, and tender shoots.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00425.jpg,Onion,Purple Blotch,"Onion Purple Blotch | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Purple-brown concentric spots with yellow halo on leaves → tip drying and blight. | |
| Control: | |
| Use clean seed, proper spacing, avoid leaf wetness. Spray Mancozeb 2–2.5 g/L or Azoxystrobin 1 ml/L at 10–12 day interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00305.jpg,Cabbage,Diamondback Moth,"Small ragged holes on cabbage leaves | |
| Likely cause: Leaf-eating caterpillars (e.g., Diamondback moth larvae, cabbage butterfly). | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Irregular small holes, window-pane feeding, green larvae on underside. | |
| Control: | |
| Hand pick larvae; use netting. | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) @ 1 g/L or | |
| Spinosad @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Emamectin benzoate @ 0.4 g/L. | |
| Repeat at 7–10 days.",India,Odisha | |
| images/00460.jpg,Chickpea,Ascochyta Blight; Botrytis Gray Mold,"Chickpea leaves turning brown and crispy is a common symptom indicating significant stress, usually driven by fungal diseases, water issues, or environmental stress. The most likely causes are Ascochyta blight, Botrytis grey mold, Fusarium/Dry Root Rot, or severe under-watering.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00068.jpg,Garlic,Healthy,"Nitrogen Deficiency: Yellowing tips indicate a lack of nitrogen, crucial for green growth. Apply a nitrogen-rich fertilizer or compost. Foliar spray of liquid nano urea@2ml per liter of water is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00010.jpg,Mustard,Aphids,"Aphids infestation in Mustard at flowering and pod filling stage. A key sign is the sticky ""honeydew"" they excrete, which promotes sooty mold growth, giving the plant a black, blighted appearance and reducing photosynthesis. foliar spray of Neem oil,300ppm @5ml per liter of water, balance NPK nutrition and timely irrigation is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00047.jpg,Tomato,Leaf Curl Virus,"Typical symptoms of Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV) cannot be cured once infected, so treatment focuses on removing infected plants to prevent spread and controlling the whitefly vector. Effective management includes using yellow sticky traps, applying insecticides (e.g., imidacloprid, thiamethoxam), utilizing resistant varieties, and removing weeds.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00146.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew,"Pumpkin plants severely affected with Powdery mildew, can be controlled by application of Wettable sulphur @ 0.2%.. Preventive measures by spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at early stages of growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00090.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"The wheat leaves are of deep green color with bluish too, this is due to symptoms of phosphorous deficiency. For control of Phosphorus deficiency, spray liquid Nano DAP @ 2.5ml per liter of water in morning or evening when there is no Dew/ on dry leaves, always use Flat Fan Nozzle.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00738.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Mango leaf deformation, often characterized by small, brittle, and curled leaves, is primarily caused by Mango Malformation Disease (MMD) (a Fusarium fungus) or pest infestations like bud mites. Symptoms include ""bunchy top"" growth, shortened internodes, and stunted, twisted foliage. | |
| Pruning: Remove and burn infected branches, specifically cutting below the affected area. | |
| Chemical Control: Spray fungicides (like Carbendazim or Copper Oxychloride) or insecticides for mites (e.g., Bifenthrin) during early stages.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00373.jpg,Moringa,Aphids,"Thrips feeding | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery-white patches | |
| Leaves look scraped | |
| Curling of leaves | |
| Control | |
| Spray Fipronil 5% SC @ 1 ml/L | |
| Or Neem oil 3 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00367.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Bean Mosaic Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Light & dark green mosaic on leaves | |
| Leaf curling and distortion | |
| Stunted plants, poor pod set | |
| Mottled/malformed pods | |
| Spread | |
| Aphids and infected seed | |
| Control | |
| Use certified virus-free seed | |
| Remove infected plants early | |
| Control aphids: | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.25 g/L | |
| Neem oil @ 3 ml/L (preventive) | |
| Keep field weed-free",India,Bihar | |
| images/00496.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"The symptoms are of typical Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) cannot be cured, but its spread can be managed through preventative measures and control of whiteflies, the primary vectors of the virus. Focus on preventing whitefly infestations and eliminating infected plants.",India,Uttar Pradesh | |
| images/00626.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"On close observation, there is infestation of aphids in potato crop at early stage. This can be controlled by an integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers. Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00654.jpg,Paddy,Stem Borer,"The paddy panicles are of white ear heads having stem borer infestation at grain filling stage. which to be controlled from the beginning of paddy cultivation starting from using- resistant varieties, timely planting, crop rotation, and field sanitation. Biological control includes using Trichogramma egg parasitoids. For chemical control, apply granular Chlorantraniliprole before infestation or foliar sprays like Flubendiamide. Monitoring with light or pheromone traps is also effective for timely intervention.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00336.jpg,Custard apple,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery mildew symptoms having white, talcum-like patches on leaves, young shoots, and sometimes fruit, leading to leaf distortion, premature drop, and fruit deformation. Management involves pruning infected twigs and applying sulfur-based fungicides to reduce infection.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00111.jpg,Peas,Healthy,"The peas plants are deeper green having bluish appearance, this may be due to Phosphorous deficiency, for which spray Nano DAP @ 2.5ml per liter of water in morning or evening when there is no Dew/ on dry leaves, always use Flat Fan Nozzle.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00966.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Leaf curl virus due to aphids vector. An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers.Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00388.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Leaf curl virus due to aphids infestation. An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers.Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00098.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Early infestation of Thrips in chilli plants. To control Thrips spray Imidacloprid, or Acetamiprid @1ml per one liter of water, repeat spray in a gap of 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00377.jpg,Guava,Healthy,"Purplish interveinal colouration in guava is usually due to phosphorus deficiency (sometimes magnesium). | |
| Control: | |
| Soil apply SSP/DAP as per tree age | |
| Foliar spray 2% DAP (20 g/L), 2 sprays at 10–15 days | |
| If Mg deficiency suspected: spray MgSO₄ 1–2% | |
| Ensure good drainage and balanced fertilization.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00042.jpg,Guava,Healthy,"Marginal purplish coloration in leaves (guava) is mainly due to phosphorus deficiency (sometimes potassium stress). | |
| Control: | |
| Soil apply SSP/DAP as per tree age | |
| Foliar spray 2% DAP (20 g/L), repeat after 10–15 days | |
| Maintain balanced NPK and good drainage",India,Bihar | |
| images/00326.jpg,Bhindi,Aphids; Jassids,"Bhendi (okra) aphids and jassids infestation | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaf curling, yellowing, sticky honeydew (aphids) | |
| Leaf margin yellowing and hopper burn (jassids) | |
| Stunted plants | |
| Control | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L (early stage) | |
| For heavy attack: | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.25 g/L | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves | |
| Encourage natural predators (ladybird beetles) | |
| Repeat spray after 10–12 days if needed.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00558.jpg,Rose,Thrips,"Rose thrips | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery streaks or patches on petals/leaves | |
| Flower buds distorted, petals brown at edges | |
| Leaves curl and show scarring | |
| Poor flower quality | |
| Control | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L (early stage) | |
| For heavy infestation: | |
| Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Fipronil 5 SC @ 1 ml/L or | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Install blue sticky traps (8–10 per acre) | |
| Remove heavily infested buds | |
| Repeat spray after 7–10 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00662.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal shoot & fruit borer | |
| Symptoms | |
| Wilting/drooping of tender shoots (with entry hole) | |
| Bore holes on fruits with frass (excreta) outside | |
| Damaged, unmarketable fruits | |
| Larva inside shoot or fruit | |
| Control | |
| Remove and destroy infested shoots and fruits regularly | |
| Install pheromone traps (12/acre) | |
| Spray at flowering/fruiting: | |
| Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4 g/L or | |
| Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Use neem oil 3 ml/L in early stage | |
| Repeat spray every 10–12 days during infestation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00106.jpg,Mango,Mealybugs,"Mango mealy bug | |
| Symptoms | |
| White cottony masses on shoots, panicles, and fruits | |
| Sap sucking → leaf yellowing and drying | |
| Honeydew → sooty mold development | |
| Poor flowering and fruit drop | |
| Ant activity around trees | |
| Control | |
| Cultural: | |
| Plough orchard in Nov–Dec to expose eggs | |
| Apply alkathene (polythene) band (20–25 cm) around trunk to stop nymphs | |
| Destroy infested plant parts | |
| Biological: Encourage predators (ladybird beetles) | |
| Chemical (severe attack): | |
| Spray Buprofezin 25 SC @ 1 ml/L or | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Control ants using sticky bands or bait | |
| Repeat spray after 10–14 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00616.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Mealybug,"sooty mold development on leaves due to mealybugs or whiteflies | |
| Papaya: Mealybugs, whiteflies & sooty mold | |
| Symptoms | |
| Mealybugs: White cottony clusters on leaves/stems, leaf yellowing, stunted growth | |
| Whiteflies: Tiny white insects on leaf underside, leaf yellowing, sticky honeydew | |
| Sooty mold: Black fungal coating on leaves due to honeydew, reduces photosynthesis | |
| Ant movement common | |
| Control | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L (early stage) | |
| For heavy infestation: | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.25 g/L or | |
| Buprofezin 25 SC @ 1 ml/L (good for mealybugs) | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10/acre) | |
| Control ants and wash sooty mold with plain water spray | |
| Repeat spray after 10–12 days if needed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00936.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Chilli mite infestation | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaf curling downward (cup-shaped) | |
| Leaves become thick, brittle, and bronzed | |
| Shortened internodes, bushy top | |
| Flower drop and poor fruit set | |
| Mites seen on leaf underside (with lens) | |
| Control | |
| Remove heavily infested shoots | |
| Spray Neem oil 2–3 ml/L (early stage) | |
| For severe attack: | |
| Spiromesifen 22.9 SC @ 1 ml/L or | |
| Propargite 57 EC @ 2 ml/L or | |
| Fenazaquin 10 EC @ 1 ml/L | |
| Ensure good field sanitation and avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Repeat spray after 7–10 days if needed.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00512.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Brinjal shoot & fruit borer | |
| Symptoms | |
| Tender shoots wilt with small entry hole | |
| Bore holes on fruits with frass outside | |
| Larva present inside shoot/fruit | |
| Damaged, unmarketable fruits | |
| Control | |
| Regularly remove and destroy infested shoots/fruits | |
| Install pheromone traps (12/acre) | |
| Spray: | |
| Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4 g/L or | |
| Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L or | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.3 ml/L | |
| Neem oil 3 ml/L at early stage | |
| Repeat every 10–12 days during infestation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00766.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli fruits deformed and of small size, this is due to infestation of fruit flies and sucking pests like aphids, thrips. An integrated approach is required by | |
| 1-Covering fruits or using poison bait sprays (protein bait + insecticide). | |
| 2-Traps: Use Methyl Eugenol pheromone traps to attract and kill male fruit flies | |
| 3-Apply insecticides like deltamethrin (used in traps) or, for severe infestations, systemic insecticides as last resort.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00617.jpg,Garlic,Healthy,"Leaf of garlic plants yellowish and tips drying, this seems like nitrogen deficiency, apply foliar spray of liquid nano urea@ 2ml per liter of water to the standing crop for recovery.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00061.jpg,Tomato,Late Blight,"To treat tomato blight, immediately remove and destroy infected leaves, apply fungicides (like copper or chlorothalonil), and mulch soil to prevent splash-back.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00485.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"On close observation there is leaf curls in potato plants, which is a virus disease transmitted by Aphids, this is controlled by managing aphid vectors, using certified disease-free seeds and removing infected plants. Since no direct chemical cure exists, control focuses on prevention, such as applying insecticides and using resistant varieties.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00546.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery mildew infestation in pumpkin, which can be controlled by application of Wettable sulphur @ 0.2%.. Preventive measures by spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at early stages of growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00449.jpg,Papaya,Anthracnose,"To control anthracnose use- | |
| Cultural Practices: Remove and destroy infected plant debris, prune affected leaves, ensure proper spacing for airflow, and avoid fruit wounding during harvest | |
| Chemical Control: Apply protective fungicides like Mancozeb, Chlorothalonil, or Copper-based sprays (e.g., Copper hydroxide) every 2-4 weeks, starting when fruit set begins.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00846.jpg,Potato,Common Scab,"Rotting of stored potatoes, typically caused by Fusarium (dry rot) or bacteria (soft rot), occurs due to high moisture, improper ventilation, and infection of wounded tubers. Prevent decay by curing at 10-15 degree centigrade | |
| for 10-14 days, maintaining cool (7–10°C) in dark, dry, and well-ventilated storage and promptly removing spoiled potatoes.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00276.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers.Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00905.jpg,Paddy,Blast,"To check the spread of blast disease maintain consistent field flooding to prevent disease development, and apply fungicides like tricyclazole or azoxystrobin(1gm/liter of water) during critical growth stages. | |
| Use resistant rice varieties, apply seed treatments for the next crop.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00129.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Whiptail like symptoms due to Molybdenum deficiency. Control measure by applying Lime to reduce acidity thus making Molybdenum available or Apply sodium molybdate or ammonium molybdate (e.g., 1-2 kg/acre or 10-15 kg/ha) as a soil application or foliar spray.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00752.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,"The symptoms are of typical Nitrogen deficiency, lower leaves turning yellow, starting from margin. | |
| Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00360.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Typical symptoms of TMV, it can not be cured but can be prevented by using resistant cultivars (e.g., TMVRR-2, NC 567), strict sanitation to prevent mechanical spread (disinfecting tools with 10% bleach/soap, washing hands), and removing infected plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00625.jpg,Barley,Smut,"Barley crop at grain filling stage having smut. Smut control in barley is best achieved through a combination of using certified disease-free, resistant seeds and applying systemic fungicide seed treatments (e.g., carboxin, tebuconazole, or triadimenol) to manage both loose and covered smuts.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00041.jpg,Cowpea,Mosaic Virus,"Managing Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) involves an integrated approach focusing on controlling beetle vectors, using resistant varieties, and removing infected plants early. Key strategies include spraying insecticides like imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, or neem oil, rogueing infected plants within 30 days, using virus-free seeds and managing alternate weed hosts",India,Bihar | |
| images/00610.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Potato leaves yellowing and drying out, usually indicates they are nearing maturity (90–120 days) and ready for harvest. However, if this happens prematurely, causes include water stress (too much or too little), nutrient deficiencies",India,Bihar | |
| images/00205.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"Typical symptoms of Cercospora Leaf Spot in chilli: centers and dark margins, developing on older leaves. For chemical control Spray Mancozeb (0.25%) or Chlorothalonil (0.1%) at 10-15 day intervals. Copper-based fungicides (Copper Hydroxide or Oxychloride) are also effective.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00233.jpg,Mango,Bacterial Canker,"Mango malformation, caused by Fusarium species, is controlled through an integrated approach involving pruning diseased panicles/shoots 15-20 cm below the infection point, applying 100-200 ppm NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) in October, and spraying fungicides like 0.1% Carbendazim or 0.2% Captafol",India,Bihar | |
| images/00982.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"The symptoms are of typical Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) cannot be cured, but its spread can be managed through preventative measures and control of whiteflies, the primary vectors of the virus. Focus on preventing whitefly infestations and eliminating infected plants and destroying them.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00137.jpg,Chickpea,Botrytis Gray Mold,"Powdery Mildew in Chickpea – Symptoms & Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| White, powdery fungal growth on leaves, stems, and pods | |
| Starts as small white spots, later covers entire leaf surface | |
| Leaves turn yellow, dry, and may fall prematurely | |
| Pods become small and poorly filled | |
| Severe infection reduces yield and seed quality | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural | |
| Use resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Maintain proper plant spacing for air circulation | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer | |
| Remove and destroy infected plant debris | |
| Timely sowing to escape severe infection | |
| Chemical | |
| Spray Wettable Sulphur 80 WP @ 2–3 g per liter of water | |
| or | |
| Spray Hexaconazole 5 EC @ 1 ml per liter | |
| or | |
| Spray Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 1 ml per liter | |
| Repeat spray at 10–15 day intervals if needed. | |
| Biological (optional) | |
| Spray Ampelomyces quisqualis or Bacillus subtilis formulations where available.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00534.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (ChiLCV) – Symptoms & Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Upward curling and puckering of leaves | |
| Leaves become small, thick, and leathery | |
| Veins become prominent and yellowish | |
| Plants show stunted growth | |
| Flower drop and very poor fruit set | |
| Fruits (if formed) are small and deformed | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural | |
| Use virus-free, healthy seedlings | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants early | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10/acre) to monitor whiteflies | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds (alternate hosts) | |
| Use tolerant/resistant chilli varieties if available | |
| Vector Management (Whitefly control) | |
| Very important — virus spreads through whiteflies. | |
| Chemical (spray any one) | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/liter | |
| Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.25 g/liter | |
| Acetamiprid 20 SP @ 0.2 g/liter | |
| Spray at 10–12 day intervals based on infestation. | |
| Botanical/Integrated | |
| Neem oil 2–3 ml/liter | |
| NSKE 5% spray | |
| Use reflective mulch to repel whiteflies | |
| Note: Virus cannot be cured once inside the plant — only spread can be managed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00588.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus – Symptoms & Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Severe upward or downward curling of leaves | |
| Leaves become thick, crinkled, and leathery | |
| Yellowing of veins and leaf margins | |
| Plants become stunted and bushy | |
| Reduced leaf size and poor leaf quality | |
| In severe cases, plants show bunchy top appearance | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural | |
| Use healthy, virus-free seedlings | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants early | |
| Maintain proper spacing for good aeration | |
| Keep field weed-free (remove alternate hosts) | |
| Use tolerant varieties where available | |
| Vector Management (Whitefly control – very important) | |
| The virus spreads mainly through whiteflies. | |
| Chemical (spray any one) | |
| Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/liter | |
| Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.25 g/liter | |
| Acetamiprid 20 SP @ 0.2 g/liter | |
| Repeat spray at 10–12 day intervals depending on whitefly population. | |
| Botanical / Integrated | |
| Neem oil @ 2–3 ml/liter | |
| NSKE 5% spray | |
| Install yellow sticky traps (8–10 per acre) | |
| Use reflective (silver) mulch to repel whiteflies | |
| Important: Virus cannot be cured after infection — only prevent spread by controlling whiteflies",India,Bihar | |
| images/00820.jpg,Brinjal,Shoot and Fruit Borer,"Fruit and Shoot Borer in Brinjal – Symptoms & Control | |
| (Caused by the caterpillar of Leucinodes orbonalis) | |
| Symptoms | |
| On shoots | |
| Tender shoots droop and wilt suddenly | |
| Small entry hole with frass (insect excreta) near the tip | |
| Drying of terminal shoots (dead heart appearance) | |
| Side branching increases | |
| On fruits | |
| Small round holes on fruits | |
| Frass seen near the hole | |
| Internal feeding makes fruits unfit for market | |
| Premature fruit drop in severe attack | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural | |
| Remove and destroy affected shoots and fruits regularly (weekly) | |
| Avoid continuous brinjal cropping | |
| Use pheromone traps @ 12 traps/acre for monitoring and mass trapping | |
| Maintain field sanitation | |
| Prefer tolerant varieties if available | |
| Mechanical | |
| Clip and destroy infested shoots during early stage | |
| Collect and destroy damaged fruits | |
| Biological | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) @ 1–2 g/liter | |
| Release Trichogramma chilonis @ 50,000/acre at weekly intervals | |
| Neem oil @ 2–3 ml/liter | |
| Chemical (spray any one when infestation is high) | |
| Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4 g/liter | |
| Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/liter | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.3 ml/liter | |
| Spray at 10–12 day intervals and rotate chemicals to avoid resistance.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00759.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Curd discoloration in cauliflower reduces market value and is usually caused by environmental stress, nutrient issues, or physiological disorders. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellowing or creamy colour instead of pure white curd | |
| Pink, purple, or brown patches on curd | |
| Uneven or dull curd appearance | |
| In severe cases, small spots or rotting on curd surface | |
| Reasons | |
| Sun exposure (most common) | |
| Lack of leaf cover exposes curd to direct sunlight | |
| Causes yellowing or pink/purple tint | |
| Nutrient imbalance | |
| Boron deficiency → browning, water-soaked patches | |
| Nitrogen excess → loose and off-colour curd | |
| Calcium deficiency → tip burn and discoloration | |
| Temperature stress | |
| High temperature during curd formation | |
| Wide day–night temperature fluctuation | |
| Water stress | |
| Irregular irrigation | |
| Drought followed by heavy watering | |
| Pest and disease damage | |
| Insect feeding or fungal infection may cause brown spots | |
| Variety sensitivity / over maturity | |
| Delayed harvest leads to yellowing and fuzziness | |
| Management Measures | |
| 🔹 Cultural practices | |
| Practice blanching (tie outer leaves over the curd) when curd is 5–7 cm | |
| Maintain uniform irrigation (avoid moisture stress) | |
| Harvest at proper maturity | |
| Use recommended seasonal varieties | |
| 🔹 Nutrient management | |
| Apply balanced fertilizers | |
| Spray boron (Borax 0.2% = 2 g/L) at curd initiation | |
| Ensure adequate calcium (gypsum or calcium nitrate if deficient) | |
| 🔹 Temperature & field care | |
| Prefer timely sowing according to season | |
| Provide good plant spacing and field hygiene | |
| 🔹 Pest and disease control | |
| Monitor for caterpillars and fungal spots",India,Bihar | |
| images/00659.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Thrips damage | |
| Silvery or whitish streaks on leaves | |
| Leaf margins curl upward | |
| Leaves become narrow and distorted | |
| Flower drop in severe cases | |
| Tiny slender insects on leaf underside | |
| Damage more in dry, hot weather | |
| Leaf curl (viral) symptoms | |
| Severe upward/downward curling of leaves | |
| Leaves become small, thick, and puckered | |
| Plant becomes bushy and stunted | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit set | |
| No recovery once virus infects plant | |
| -Causes | |
| Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) – direct feeding injury | |
| Chilli leaf curl virus – transmitted mainly by whiteflies | |
| Excess nitrogen and dry weather increase pest attack | |
| Continuous chilli cropping favors buildup | |
| -Management Measures | |
| 🔹 Cultural practices | |
| Remove and destroy heavily virus-infected plants | |
| Maintain proper spacing and field sanitation | |
| Install yellow and blue sticky traps (10–12/acre) | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer | |
| Maintain adequate irrigation (reduce dry stress) | |
| 🔹 Chemical / biological control for thrips | |
| Early stage (preferred): | |
| Spray Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Fipronil 1 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Heavy infestation: | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Spray in early morning or evening | |
| Ensure good coverage on leaf underside | |
| Repeat at 7–10 day interval if needed",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00519.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato leaf folding, or rolling, is primarily caused by the Potato Leafroll Virus (PLRV), resulting in upward curling of leaves, stunting, and up to 50% yield loss. Often transmitted by aphids (e.g., green peach aphid), it causes leaves to turn pale, brittle, and sometimes purple, starting from the bottom. | |
| Plant certified, virus-free tubers to prevent primary infections. | |
| Control Aphids: Apply insecticides or use natural predators like ladybirds to reduce aphid populations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00934.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Mango seedings at nursery stage, leaves are pale yellow may be due to nitrogen deficiency. This can be controlled by Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the mango plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00678.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,"The symptoms are of typical Nitrogen deficiency in paddy, lower leaves turning yellow, starting from margin. | |
| Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00843.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Powdery mildew in Brinjal crop, powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or application of wettable sulfur (2000 ppm)@ 1gm per liter of water is effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00410.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Aphids in potato causing leaf curl and roll . An integrated approach focusing on reducing the aphid vector and using certified, disease-free seed tubers. Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00426.jpg,Tomato,Early Blight,"Symptoms appears at the edge of tomato leaves, with dark, damaged plant tissue that spreads through the leaves toward the stem. Use fungicide sprays based on mandipropamid, chlorothalonil, fluazinam, mancozeb to combat blight disease at recommended dose.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00894.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"The symptoms are of typical Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) cannot be cured, but its spread can be managed through preventative measures and control of whiteflies, the primary vectors of the virus. Focus on preventing whitefly infestations and eliminating and destroying infected plants.",India,Telangana | |
| images/00943.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,Symptoms of powdery mildew disease in mango plant. Spray sulfur-based fungicides @1gm per liter of water to combat powdery mildew.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00589.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"The Papaya plants are of poor growth due to nutrient deficiency at growing stage. Application of balance nutrition, apply FYM 10 Kg/plant as basal and 50 g in each of N, P and K per plant at bi-monthly intervals from the third month of planting.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00029.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm | |
| Symptoms | |
| Pinholes and window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Ragged holes and shredded leaves | |
| Sawdust-like frass inside whorl | |
| Larva hidden deep in whorl | |
| Control | |
| Early sowing and field sanitation | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Release Trichogramma pretiosum | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) | |
| If severe: Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L or Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 ml/L | |
| Direct spray into whorl",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00968.jpg,Brinjal,Mites,"Big holes on brinjal leaves – | |
| Reason | |
| Spodoptera litura (tobacco caterpillar) – large irregular holes | |
| or | |
| Grasshoppers or leaf-eating caterpillars | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Handpick larvae and egg masses | |
| Keep field weed-free | |
| Install light traps | |
| Biological | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) | |
| Encourage natural predators | |
| Chemical (if severe) | |
| Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00949.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Brinjal powdery mildew – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on upper leaf surface | |
| Leaves turn yellow and dry gradually | |
| Severe infection causes leaf curling and premature drop | |
| Poor plant vigour and reduced yield | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Maintain proper spacing and aeration | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Remove heavily infected leaves | |
| Biological | |
| Spray Ampelomyces quisqualis (where available) | |
| Chemical | |
| Wettable sulphur 2 g/L | |
| Hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Tebuconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Spray at first appearance and repeat after 10–14 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00220.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Brinjal powdery mildew – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on upper leaf surface | |
| Leaves turn yellow and dry gradually | |
| Severe infection causes leaf curling and premature drop | |
| Poor plant vigour and reduced yield | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Maintain proper spacing and aeration | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Remove heavily infected leaves | |
| Biological | |
| Spray Ampelomyces quisqualis (where available) | |
| Chemical | |
| Wettable sulphur 2 g/L | |
| Hexaconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Tebuconazole 1 ml/L | |
| Spray at first appearance and repeat after 10–14 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00859.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight,"Leaf spot in brinjal – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small circular brown to dark spots on leaves | |
| Spots enlarge with yellow halo | |
| Severe cases: spots merge and leaves dry/fall | |
| Reduced plant vigour | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Remove and destroy infected leaves | |
| Avoid overhead irrigation | |
| Maintain proper spacing and field sanitation | |
| Chemical | |
| Mancozeb 2–2.5 g/L | |
| Chlorothalonil 2 g/L | |
| Carbendazim 1 g/L (if fungal leaf spot suspected) | |
| Start spray at first appearance and repeat at 10–12 day intervals if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00143.jpg,Bitter gourd,Downy Mildew,"Bottle gourd downy mildew – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Yellow angular spots on upper leaf surface | |
| Grey-purple fuzzy growth on leaf underside | |
| Spots enlarge and leaves turn brown and dry | |
| Severe infection causes rapid leaf blighting and yield loss | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Ensure good spacing and air circulation | |
| Avoid late evening irrigation and leaf wetness | |
| Remove badly infected leaves | |
| Grow tolerant varieties if available | |
| Chemical | |
| Metalaxyl + Mancozeb @ 2 g/L | |
| Fosetyl-Al @ 2 g/L | |
| Cymoxanil + Mancozeb @ 2 g/L | |
| Spray at first appearance and repeat every 7–10 days during favourable humid weather",India,Bihar | |
| images/00988.jpg,Chilli,Mites,"Chilli mites – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves curl downward and become crinkled | |
| Leaf margins turn bronze/brown | |
| Young leaves become narrow and distorted | |
| Stunted plant growth and poor flowering | |
| Mites usually on leaf undersides (not easily visible) | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen | |
| Remove heavily infested shoots | |
| Maintain field sanitation | |
| Biological | |
| Encourage predatory mites like Amblyseius swirskii | |
| Chemical | |
| Spiromesifen 1 ml/L | |
| Fenazaquin 1 ml/L | |
| Propargite 2 ml/L | |
| Abamectin 0.5 ml/L | |
| Spray thoroughly on leaf undersides and repeat after 7–10 days if needed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00828.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Maize fall armyworm – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Pinholes and window-pane feeding on young leaves | |
| Ragged holes and shredded leaves | |
| Whorl filled with sawdust-like frass | |
| Larva hidden deep inside whorl | |
| Severe cases: tassel/cob damage | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Early sowing and field sanitation | |
| Install pheromone traps (5/acre) | |
| Apply sand + ash into whorl (early stage) | |
| Biological | |
| Release Trichogramma pretiosum | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) | |
| Chemical (if ≥10% plants infested) | |
| Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 ml/L | |
| Spinetoram 0.5 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00798.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Brinjal wilt – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Sudden drooping and wilting of plants | |
| Leaves remain green initially but plant collapses | |
| Vascular browning when stem is cut | |
| Patchy drying of plants in field | |
| In bacterial wilt: milky ooze from cut stem in water | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Use resistant/tolerant varieties | |
| Follow crop rotation (avoid solanaceous crops for 2–3 years) | |
| Ensure good drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Biological | |
| Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
| Apply Trichoderma viride in nursery and main field | |
| Chemical (mainly for fungal wilt) | |
| Carbendazim 1 g/L soil drench | |
| Copper oxychloride 2.5 g/L (supportive) | |
| Start management early; wilt is difficult to cure once severe.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00008.jpg,Curry leaf,Sooty Mold; Scale Insects,"Curry leaf sooty mold – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Black, soot-like coating on leaves and stems | |
| Leaves look dirty but tissue usually remains green | |
| Reduced photosynthesis and plant vigour | |
| Often associated with honeydew from sucking pests (aphids, whiteflies, scale insects) | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Wash leaves with plain water or mild soap solution | |
| Prune heavily affected twigs | |
| Improve air circulation | |
| Key step: Control sucking pests | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Yellow sticky traps for whiteflies | |
| Biological | |
| Apply Pseudomonas fluorescens (supportive) | |
| Chemical (if severe pest infestation) | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Once sucking pests are controlled, sooty mold gradually disappears.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00389.jpg,Maize,Turcicum Leaf Blight,"Maize streak virus – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Narrow yellow to white streaks parallel to leaf veins | |
| Mosaic or striped appearance on leaves | |
| Stunted plant growth | |
| Poor cob development and low yield | |
| Symptoms appear first on young leaves | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Use resistant/tolerant maize varieties | |
| Early sowing to escape vector peak | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Maintain field sanitation and weed control (especially grasses) | |
| Vector management (leafhoppers) | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Avoid continuous maize cropping | |
| Chemical (for vector control) | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Acetamiprid 0.2 g/L | |
| Focus on controlling the leafhopper vector; virus itself cannot be cured.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00127.jpg,Mustard,Aphids,"Mustard aphid – symptoms & control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Clusters of small green aphids on tender shoots, buds, and leaf undersides | |
| Leaves curl, wrinkle, and turn yellow | |
| Sticky honeydew and black sooty mold | |
| Poor pod formation and shriveled seeds | |
| Heavy infestation causes stunted plants | |
| Control | |
| Cultural | |
| Early sowing | |
| Remove heavily infested plant parts | |
| Install yellow sticky traps | |
| Biological | |
| Conserve predators like Coccinella septempunctata | |
| Spray neem oil 2–3 ml/L | |
| Chemical (if severe) | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L | |
| Dimethoate 2 ml/L | |
| Spray on leaf undersides and repeat after 10 days if needed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00609.jpg,Chili,Thrips,"नई पत्तियाँ ऊपर की ओर मुड़ी हुई और संकरी दिखाई दे रही हैं। | |
| पत्तियों की सतह पर चांदी जैसी चमक (सिल्वरिंग) स्पष्ट दिख रही है। | |
| पत्तियाँ सिकुड़ी हुई तथा किनारों से मुड़ी हुई नजर आ रही हैं। | |
| ऊपरी भाग की बढ़वार असामान्य और झाड़ीदार दिखाई दे रही है।",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00861.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Mango malformation disease, often characterized by small, brittle, and curled leaves, is primarily caused by Mango Malformation Disease (MMD) (a Fusarium fungus) or pest infestations like bud mites. Symptoms include ""bunchy top"" growth, shortened internodes, and stunted, twisted foliage. | |
| It is controlled through an integrated approach involving pruning diseased panicles/shoots 15-20 cm below the infection point, applying 100-200 ppm NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) in October, and spraying fungicides like 0.1% Carbendazim or 0.2% Captafol.",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00298.jpg,Bean,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery mildew in bean plants. At initial stage powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or application of Sulfur: Wettable sulfur (2000 ppm)@ 1gm per liter of water is effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00070.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves curl upward and become distorted. | |
| Leaves become small, thick and wrinkled. | |
| Leaf margins roll upward forming a cup-like shape. | |
| Plants show stunted growth and remain short. | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit set. | |
| In severe cases, plants produce very few or no fruits. | |
| Spread | |
| The virus is mainly transmitted by Whitefly. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants from the field. | |
| Remove weed hosts around the crop. | |
| Install yellow sticky traps to monitor and reduce whitefly population. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin (1500 ppm) @ 2–3 ml per liter of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L. | |
| Controlling the whitefly vector helps in reducing the spread of the virus",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00344.jpg,Gram,Scale Insects,"Scale insects in Green Gram – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small round or oval scale-like insects appear on stems and leaves. | |
| Insects suck sap from plant tissues, causing yellowing and weakening of plants. | |
| Leaves may curl, dry and fall prematurely. | |
| A sticky substance called honeydew may appear on leaves, which later leads to Sooty Mold. | |
| Heavy infestation results in reduced plant growth and yield. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested plant parts. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds around the crop. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L. | |
| Repeat the spray after 10–14 days if infestation continues.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00257.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Mango Hopper and Sooty Mold in Mango – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Mango Hopper | |
| Small brownish jumping insects are seen on tender leaves, shoots, and flower panicles. | |
| Both nymphs and adults suck sap from young tissues. | |
| Flower panicles dry and fall, leading to poor fruit set. | |
| Sticky honeydew secretion appears on leaves and panicles. | |
| Sooty Mold Development | |
| Black sooty fungal layer develops on leaves, shoots, and fruits. | |
| It grows on the honeydew secreted by hoppers and other sucking insects. | |
| Leaves appear black and dirty, reducing photosynthesis. | |
| Severe infection may affect plant growth and fruit quality. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Maintain proper orchard sanitation and remove heavily affected plant parts. | |
| Encourage good air circulation by pruning. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L to control hoppers. | |
| For Sooty Mold | |
| After controlling insects, spray Copper Oxychloride 2 g/L or wash leaves with mild soap solution to remove the fungal layer. | |
| Controlling mango hoppers reduces honeydew secretion and prevents sooty mold development.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00141.jpg,Bean,Bean Beetle; Pod Borer,"Few large holes on foliage in Dolichos Bean – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| Large holes on leaves are usually caused by leaf-feeding caterpillars such as Tobacco Caterpillar or Gram Pod Borer. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Few large irregular holes on leaves due to chewing. | |
| Leaves appear partially eaten. | |
| Caterpillars may be visible on foliage during early morning or evening. | |
| Severe infestation can cause defoliation and reduced plant growth. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Regularly monitor plants and remove caterpillars manually. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis 1–2 g/L. | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Emamectin Benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| or | |
| Spinosad 0.3 ml/L. | |
| Early detection and control helps prevent severe leaf damage and yield loss.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00962.jpg,Rice,Healthy,"Yellowing of Leaves and Weak Growth in Rice – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| This condition is commonly due to Nitrogen Deficiency. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Older leaves turn pale green to yellow. | |
| Entire plant appears light green and weak. | |
| Slow and stunted plant growth. | |
| Reduced tillering and poor crop vigor. | |
| In severe cases, lower leaves dry early. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Apply Nitrogen fertilizer such as Urea @ recommended dose. | |
| Apply nitrogen in split doses (basal, tillering stage, and panicle initiation stage). | |
| Maintain proper water management in the field. | |
| Use balanced fertilization along with phosphorus and potassium. | |
| Proper nitrogen management improves leaf color, plant growth, and yield in rice",India,Bihar | |
| images/00822.jpg,Chickpea,Ascochyta Blight,"Graying and Drying of Leaves in Chickpea – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| This symptom is commonly associated with Chickpea Ascochyta Blight. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Grayish or light brown spots appear on leaves. | |
| Spots may enlarge and merge, causing leaves to turn gray and dry. | |
| Lesions may also appear on stems and pods. | |
| In severe cases, leaves dry and fall, weakening the plant. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Use disease-free seeds. | |
| Maintain proper spacing and field sanitation. | |
| Remove and destroy infected plant parts. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Mancozeb 2 g/L of water. | |
| Or spray Carbendazim 1 g/L of water. | |
| Timely fungicide application helps prevent spread of the disease and protect the crop.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00697.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall Armyworm in Maize – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small pin holes or window-like feeding marks on young leaves. | |
| Irregular large holes and ragged leaves as larvae grow. | |
| Presence of caterpillars inside the leaf whorl. | |
| Frass (insect excreta) seen inside the whorl. | |
| Severe infestation causes damaged central whorl and poor plant growth. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Regular field monitoring, especially during early crop stages. | |
| Hand pick and destroy larvae in early infestation. | |
| Install pheromone traps to monitor pest population. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis 1–2 g/L. | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Emamectin Benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| or | |
| Chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L into the leaf whorl. | |
| Early detection and proper control help reduce crop damage and yield loss in maize",India,Bihar | |
| images/00578.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Miner,"Spodoptera litura in Groundnut – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young larvae scrape the leaf surface, causing window-like feeding. | |
| Older caterpillars eat large portions of leaves, leaving irregular holes. | |
| Severe infestation leads to heavy defoliation. | |
| Presence of green to dark brown caterpillars on leaves. | |
| Crop growth becomes weak due to loss of leaf area. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Deep summer ploughing to destroy pupae in soil. | |
| Hand pick and destroy egg masses and larvae in early stages. | |
| Install pheromone traps to monitor pest population. | |
| Biological control | |
| Spray Bacillus thuringiensis 1–2 g/L. | |
| Release Trichogramma chilonis for biological control. | |
| Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Emamectin Benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| or | |
| Spinosad 0.3 ml/L. | |
| Early management helps prevent severe leaf damage and yield loss in groundnut.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00981.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Yellowing of Young Leaves in Mango – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| This condition is commonly due to Iron Deficiency. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves turn yellow while the veins remain green (interveinal chlorosis). | |
| Leaves appear pale yellow or light green. | |
| New flush growth becomes weak. | |
| In severe cases, leaf size becomes smaller and growth slows down. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Spray Ferrous Sulphate 0.5% (5 g/L water) as foliar spray. | |
| Apply Fe-EDTA to soil or as foliar spray. | |
| Improve soil drainage and organic matter in the orchard. | |
| Maintain balanced fertilization with micronutrients. | |
| Correcting iron deficiency helps restore normal green color and healthy growth of mango leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00353.jpg,Bean,Aphids,"Aphids on Cluster Bean Flowers – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small green or black aphids cluster on flower buds, flowers, and tender shoots. | |
| Aphids suck plant sap, causing yellowing and curling of leaves. | |
| Sticky honeydew secretion appears on plant parts. | |
| Presence of Ants around flowers and shoots (ants feed on honeydew). | |
| Heavy infestation may cause poor flowering and reduced pod formation. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove heavily infested plant parts. | |
| Control ant movement by maintaining field sanitation. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L. | |
| Controlling aphids will reduce honeydew secretion and ant activity and improve flowering and pod set",India,Bihar | |
| images/00574.jpg,Bottle gourd,Mosaic Virus,"Leaf Crinkling in Bottle Gourd – | |
| Possible Cause | |
| Cucurbit Leaf Curl Virus. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaves become crinkled, curled, and distorted. | |
| Leaf margins curl upward or downward. | |
| Young leaves appear small and wrinkled. | |
| Plants show slow growth and poor vine development. | |
| Severe infection may lead to reduced flowering and fruit set. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove and destroy virus-infected plants. | |
| Remove weed hosts around the crop. | |
| Install yellow sticky traps to monitor whiteflies. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L. | |
| Controlling thrips and whiteflies helps reduce leaf crinkling and virus spread in bottle gourd.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00927.jpg,Citrus,Healthy,"Interveinal Chlorosis on Young Leaves in Citrus – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| This condition is commonly caused by Iron Deficiency. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves turn yellow while the veins remain green (interveinal chlorosis). | |
| Leaves appear pale yellow or light green. | |
| New flush growth becomes weak and small. | |
| In severe cases, leaves may become almost white and plant growth reduces. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Spray Ferrous Sulphate 0.5% (5 g/L water) as foliar spray. | |
| Apply Fe-EDTA as foliar spray or soil application. | |
| Improve soil drainage and organic matter in the orchard. | |
| Maintain balanced fertilization with micronutrients. | |
| Correcting iron deficiency helps restore normal green color and healthy growth of citrus leaves.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00985.jpg,Onion,Thrips,"Tip Yellowing and Curling in Onion – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| This symptom is commonly associated with Thrips tabaci infestation. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Leaf tips turn yellow and gradually dry. | |
| Leaves show curling and twisting at the tips. | |
| Silvery or whitish streaks appear on leaves due to feeding. | |
| Severe infestation leads to leaf drying and reduced bulb development. | |
| Plants appear weak with poor growth. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds. | |
| Avoid excess nitrogen fertilization. | |
| Ensure proper irrigation to reduce stress. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L. | |
| Early control of thrips helps prevent leaf damage and ensures good bulb development in onion",India,Bihar | |
| images/00766.jpg,Chilli,Mites; Thrips,"Curled Fruits and Poor Development in Chilli – Symptoms and Control | |
| Possible Cause | |
| This problem is commonly caused by Thrips or Broad Mite feeding on flowers and young fruits. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Fruits become curled, twisted, or deformed. | |
| Fruits remain small and poorly developed. | |
| Flower drop may occur. | |
| Leaves may show curling, crinkling, and distortion. | |
| Severe infestation leads to reduced yield and poor fruit quality. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested plant parts. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and weed control. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Spinosad 0.3 ml/L for thrips control. | |
| Spray Abamectin 0.5 ml/L for mite control. | |
| Controlling thrips and mites during the flowering stage helps prevent fruit curling and poor development in chilli.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00797.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"No Head Formation in Cauliflower – Causes and Control | |
| Possible Causes | |
| High temperature during curd initiation. | |
| Improper variety for the season. | |
| Excess nitrogen fertilization leading to vegetative growth. | |
| Deficiency of micronutrients such as Boron and Molybdenum. | |
| Moisture stress or irregular irrigation. | |
| Poor soil fertility or imbalance of nutrients. | |
| Symptoms | |
| Plants produce only leaves without forming a curd (head). | |
| Plants remain vegetative for a long time. | |
| Overall poor curd development. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Select season-appropriate cauliflower varieties. | |
| Apply balanced fertilizers and avoid excess nitrogen. | |
| Spray Borax 0.2% (2 g/L water) and Ammonium molybdate 0.05% if micronutrient deficiency is suspected. | |
| Maintain regular irrigation and proper field management. | |
| Proper variety selection and balanced nutrition are important for normal curd (head) formation in cauliflower",India,Bihar | |
| images/00786.jpg,Ridge gourd,Aphids,"Aphids and Sooty Mold in Ridge Gourd – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Aphid Infestation | |
| Small green or black aphids cluster on tender leaves, shoots, and flower buds. | |
| Aphids suck plant sap, causing leaf curling and yellowing. | |
| Plants show weak growth and reduced flowering. | |
| Aphids secrete sticky honeydew on leaves. | |
| Sooty Mold Development | |
| Black fungal coating develops on leaves and stems. | |
| The fungus grows on the honeydew secreted by aphids. | |
| Leaves appear black and dirty, reducing photosynthesis. | |
| Severe infestation leads to poor plant growth and yield. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove heavily infested leaves and shoots. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L. | |
| Controlling aphids will reduce honeydew secretion and prevent sooty mold development.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00374.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus – Symptoms and Control in Chilli | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves curl upward or downward and become distorted. | |
| Leaves become small, thick, and wrinkled. | |
| Leaf margins roll upward forming cup-shaped leaves. | |
| Plants show stunted growth and bushy appearance. | |
| Reduced flowering and fruit set. | |
| Fruits, if formed, are small and deformed. | |
| Spread | |
| The virus is mainly transmitted by Whitefly. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants immediately. | |
| Remove weed hosts around the crop. | |
| Install yellow sticky traps to monitor and reduce whitefly population. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L of water. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00679.jpg,Ridge gourd,Red Pumpkin Beetle,"Leaf Miner Damage in Ridge Gourd – Symptoms and Control | |
| Cause | |
| Damage is caused by Leaf Miner. | |
| Symptoms | |
| White or silvery serpentine (zig-zag) mines on leaves. | |
| Larvae feed inside the leaf tissue, creating winding tunnels. | |
| Affected leaves may turn yellow and dry. | |
| Severe infestation reduces photosynthesis and plant vigor. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Cultural control | |
| Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves. | |
| Maintain field sanitation and remove weeds. | |
| Install yellow sticky traps to monitor adult flies. | |
| Biological / Botanical control | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L. | |
| Chemical control | |
| Spray Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| or | |
| Abamectin 0.5 ml/L. | |
| Early management helps prevent severe leaf damage and maintain healthy plant growth.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00358.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"Chilli Leaf Curl Virus | |
| Symptoms | |
| Young leaves curl and become distorted. | |
| Leaves small, thick and cup-shaped. | |
| Plants stunted with poor fruit set. | |
| Control | |
| Remove infected plants. | |
| Install yellow sticky traps. | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L to control Whitefly. | |
| 2. Powdery Mildew | |
| Symptoms | |
| White powdery patches on leaves. | |
| Leaves yellow, curl and dry. | |
| Reduced plant growth and yield. | |
| Control | |
| Spray Wettable Sulfur 2 g/L | |
| or Hexaconazole 1 ml/L. | |
| 3. Thrips Damage | |
| Symptoms | |
| Silvery streaks on leaves. | |
| Leaves curl upward and become distorted. | |
| Poor flowering and fruit development. | |
| Control | |
| Spray Spinosad 0.3 ml/L | |
| or Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00845.jpg,Mango,Mango Hopper,"Mango Hopper and Sooty Mold in Mango – Symptoms and Control | |
| Symptoms | |
| Mango Hopper | |
| Small brown jumping insects on tender leaves | |
| Sticky honeydew secretion on leaves. | |
| Sooty Mold | |
| Black sooty fungal layer on leaves, shoots, and fruits. | |
| Fungus grows on honeydew secreted by hoppers. | |
| Leaves appear black and dirty, reducing photosynthesis. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Maintain orchard sanitation and proper pruning. | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L. | |
| Spray Imidacloprid 0.3 ml/L or Thiamethoxam 0.25 g/L to control hoppers. | |
| Controlling mango hoppers prevents honeydew formation and sooty mold development",India,Bihar | |
| images/00287.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall Armyworm in Maize – Symptoms and Control (Concise) | |
| Symptoms | |
| Small pin holes and window feeding on young leaves. | |
| Irregular large holes and ragged leaves as larvae grow. | |
| Caterpillars present inside the leaf whorl. | |
| Frass (insect excreta) seen in the whorl. | |
| Severe attack leads to damaged central whorl and poor plant growth. | |
| Control Measures | |
| Regular crop monitoring and remove larvae in early stage. | |
| Install pheromone traps for monitoring. | |
| Spray Azadirachtin 2–3 ml/L. | |
| Spray Emamectin Benzoate 0.4 g/L | |
| or Chlorantraniliprole 0.3 ml/L into the leaf whorl. | |
| Early control prevents severe leaf damage and yield loss in maize.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00443.jpg,Pumpkin,Powdery Mildew,"Pumpkin seedlings at young stage have Powdery mildew disease, which can be controlled by application of Wettable sulphur @ 0.2%.. For Preventive measures, spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water is advised at early stages of growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00814.jpg,Tomato,Late Blight,"Blight disease in tomato at fruiting stage is quite harmful, act quickly by removing and disposing of infected leaves or entire plants in sealed bags, and avoid composting them. Copper fungicides to be sprayed as a preventive measure, especially in wet weather, and employ cultural practices such as planting resistant varieties, using drip irrigation to keep foliage dry, pruning for airflow, staking plants, and practicing good sanitation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00566.jpg,Potato,Late Blight,"Late blight in Potato for control: Use fungicides like mandipropamid, chlorothalonil, fluazinam, or mancozeb. | |
| Seed treatment with fungicides like mancozeb before sowing. | |
| Remove the affected plants immediately and destroy, do not use affected plants for composting.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00083.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"Potato leaf folding, or rolling, is primarily caused by the Potato Leafroll Virus (PLRV), resulting in upward curling of leaves, stunting, and up to 50% yield loss. Often transmitted by aphids (e.g., green peach aphid), it causes leaves to turn pale, brittle, and sometimes purple, starting from the bottom. | |
| Plant certified, virus-free tubers to prevent primary infections. | |
| Control Aphids: Apply insecticides or use natural predators like ladybirds to reduce aphid populations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00983.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"Maize leaves are yellowing, starting from bottom portion , this is due to Nitrogen deficiency. Which is controlled by Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00619.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Smaller curd of cauliflower plant, due to imbalance nutrient supply of NPK , particularly Boron deficiency results in poor flowering and small curd development. Apply borax to correct the deficiency. The exact amount needed depends on soil type, soil pH, and the extent of the deficiency. A general guideline is 2-3 lbs of Boron/acre.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00825.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Caterpillar,Early stage of damage by leaf eating caterpillar in Tobacco plant. Spray Azadirachtin 1.0 % EC (10000 ppm) 2.0 ml/ lit. or apply Bacillus thuringiensis 2g/lit. during evening hours. Plough the soil to expose and kill the pupae. Grow castor along border and irrigation channel as trap crop.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00413.jpg,Lemon,Scab; Citrus Psyllid,"the symptoms include mealy bugs, which can be identified by small, white, cottony insects that feed on sap, causing yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and fruit drop. | |
| Soft, oval insects covered in white, waxy, cotton-like fluff appear on between stems and leaves. | |
| it control measures include spraying of Spraying of trees with acephate, methomyl, or chlorpyriphos. | |
| Spray dichlorvas 0.2% in combination with fish oil rosin soap 25g/lit. | |
| Use sticky trap (5cm length) on fruit bearing shoots",India,Odisha | |
| images/00579.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight; Mites,"Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV): symptoms include Mosaic mottling of leaves and stunting of plants are the characteristic symptoms of potato virus Y Mosaic symptoms are mild in early stages but later become severe.Leaves also develop blisters in advanced cases. Severely infected leaves become small and misshapen. Plants infected early remain stunted.It is transmitted in the field through aphids, Aphis gossypii | |
| control measures: Spray insecticides like Dimethoate 2 ml/litre or Metasystox 1 ml/litre of water to control the insect vectors.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00154.jpg,Papaya,Anthracnose,"Infected Papaya plants exhibit a ""bunchy top"" appearance due to shortened petioles and reduced leaf size, often accompanied by yellowing. It is highly sensitive to tetracycline-based antibiotics, which cause temporary symptom remission, confirming it is not a virus.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00035.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"Chilli leaves affected with thrips, which can be controlled by spray Imidacloprid, or Acetamiprid @1ml per one liter of water, repeat spray in a gap of 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00001.jpg,Broad bean,Healthy,"mosaic viruses:Mosaic viruses in which the leaves show sharply defined patches of unusual coloration may occur in beans. | |
| control measures:There are no recommended chemical controls for these problems.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00167.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt; Mites,"Bacterial Wilt: Bacterial wilt symptoms on leaf surface Wilting, stunting, yellowing of the foliage and finally collapse of the entire plant are the characteristic symptoms of the disease. | |
| Lower leaves may droop first before wilting occurs.Plant show wilting symptoms at noontime will recover at nights, but die soon. | |
| control measures: Spray Copper fungicides to control the disease (2% Bordeaux mixture.) | |
| The disease is more prevalent in the presence of root knot Nematodes, so control of these nematodes will suppress the disease spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00907.jpg,Potato,Aphids,"As per image , potato plants affected with leaf curl virus by thrips as vector at early stage with leaf seen mottling , curling at the top portion of the plants. Removing affected plants and controlling aphid populations with insecticides(Imidachloprid 3ml/10liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm@5ml /liter of water) to prevent virus spread.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00062.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"FAW damage to the maize plants. For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl. The field also needs weeding and timely irrigation.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00912.jpg,Banana,Banana Aphid,"Sooty Mold: A secondary fungus that grows on the ""honeydew"" secreted by aphids or mealybugs, appearing as black, velvety, superficial spots. Use plastic bags (sleeving) on bunches to protect them from insects and rain-splashed spores. Remove dead leaves and old flowers from the plantation to reduce spore sources.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00710.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Symptoms of TMV in tobacco. The virus affected plants to be uprooted and destroyed immediately, to control whitefly (vector of TMV)spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water as preventive measures at early stage of the crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00650.jpg,Tomato,Early Blight; Thrips,"symptoms include: Brown spots with concentric rings in a bull's eye pattern with yellow margin. | |
| control measure: Seed treatment: Trichoderma asperellum @ 4g/kg seeds | |
| Spray Iprodione 50% WP @ 600 g/ac or Azoxystrobin 23% SC @ 200 ml/ac or Mancozeb 35% SC @ 1 kg/ac or Metiram 70% WG @ 1.0 kg/ac or Pyraclostrobin 20% WG @ 200 g/ac or Zineb 75% WP @ 800 g/ac or Azoxystrobin 18.2%+Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 200 ml/ac or Metiram55% + Pyraclostrobin5% WG @ 600 g/ac or Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG@ 140g/ac",Ethiopia,Addis Ababa | |
| images/00445.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt; Shoot and Fruit Borer,"collar rot is seem | |
| symptoms: The lower portion of the stem is affected from the soil borne inoculum (sclerotia). | |
| Decortications is the main symptom. | |
| control measure: Seed treatment with 4 g of Trichoderma viride formulation per kg seed will help in reducing the disease. | |
| Spraying with Mancozeb @ 2g/Litre of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00987.jpg,Rice,Blast; Thrips,"symptoms: Symptoms appear on leaves, nodes, rachis, and glumes. | |
| On the leaves, the lesions appear as small bluish green flecks. The lesions soon enlarge under moist weather to form the characteristic spindle shaped spots with grey centre and dark brown margin (Leaf blast). The spots coalesce as the disease progresses and large areas of the leaves dry up and wither. Spots also appear on sheath. Severely infected nursery and field appear as burnt. | |
| control measure: Use of Tolerant varieties (CO 47, CO 50, ADT 36,ADT 37,ASD 16,ASD 20,ADT 39,ASD 19,TPS 3,White ponni,ADT 44,BPT 5204,CORH , Palghuna, Swarnamukhi, Swathi, Prabhat, IR - 64, , IR - 36, Jaya). | |
| Spraying of Tricyclazole at 1g/lit of water or Edifenphos at 1 ml/lit of water or Carbendazim at 1.0 gm/lit.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00304.jpg,Brinjal,Phomopsis Blight; Shoot and Fruit Borer,"collar rot: Decortications is the main symptom. | |
| control measure: Seed treatment with 4 g of Trichoderma viride formulation per kg seed will help in reducing the disease. | |
| Spraying with Mancozeb @ 2g/Litre of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00465.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,buttoning: The plants do not develop normally and leaves remain small and do not cover the developing curds. Deficiency of Nitrogen and planting the early varieties late may cause these symptoms. Avoid transplanting aged seedlings.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00758.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew; Mealybugs,"symptoms: large, wingless, and covered in white waxy powder | |
| control measure: Use 4% neem seed extract, garlic oil, or appropriate systemic insecticides (e.g., dimethoate, chlorpyrifos).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00084.jpg,Onion,Purple Blotch; Onion Maggot,"symptoms: This disease occurs mainly at the top of the leaves, the infection starts with whitish minute dots on the leaves with irregular chlorotic areas on tip portion of the leaves. | |
| control measures: Three foliar sprayings with Copper oxychloride 0.25 % or Chlorothalonil 0.2 % or Zineb 0.2 % or Mancozeb 0.2 %.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00529.jpg,Banana,Panama Wilt; Banana Weevil,"Anthracnose, is the disease, which is not listed. | |
| symptoms:At the initial stage, small, circular, black spots develop on the affected fruits. Then these spots enlarge in size, turn to brown colour | |
| The skin of the fruit turns black and shrivels and becomes covered with characteristic pink acervuli. Finally the whole finger is affected. Later the disease spreads and affects the whole bunch. | |
| control measures: Avoid damage to fruits at harvest and transit | |
| Burn the infected materials | |
| Proper field sanitation | |
| Keep the field free of weeds and provide good drainage | |
| Fruit should be free from infection and as possible before it is transported, stored and ripened | |
| Banana bunches should be harvested at correct stage of maturity. | |
| Proper fertilization prevents the infection",India,Odisha | |
| images/00939.jpg,Jamun,Leaf Spot; Aphids,"symptoms: Causes circular or irregular brown spots with yellow margins on leaves, resulting in defoliation. | |
| control measures: Spray Mancozeb (2.5 g/L) or Propiconazole (1 ml/L).",India,Bihar | |
| images/00421.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot; Aphids,"symptoms: Tikka leaf spots (early and late), rust, stem rot (white mold), collar rot, and bud necrosis. | |
| control measure: Treat the seeds with Carbendazim or Thiram at 2g/kg. | |
| Spray Carbendazim 500g or mancozeb 2 kg or Chlorothalonil 2 kg/ha and if necessary, repeat after 15 days. | |
| Grow moderately resistant varieties like ALR 1.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00833.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"fruit rot/die back : | |
| symptoms: As the fungus causes necrosis of tender twigs from the tip backwards the disease is called die-back Infection usually begins when the crop is in flower. Flowers drop and dry up. | |
| There is profuse shedding of flowers. The flower stalk shrivel and dry up. This drying up spreads from the flower stalks to the stem and subsequently causes die-back of the branches and stem and the branches wither. Partially affected plants bear fruits which are few and of low quality. | |
| control measure: three sprayings with Ziram O. 25% Captan 0.2% or miltox 0.2%. Chemicals like wettable sulphur 0.2%, copper oxychloride 0.25% and Zineb 0.15% not only reduced the disease incidence but also increased the yield of fruits.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00462.jpg,Rice,Sheath Blight; Thrips,"Blast: | |
| Symptoms appear on leaves, nodes, rachis, and glumes. | |
| On the leaves, the lesions appear as small bluish green flecks. The lesions soon enlarge under moist weather to form the characteristic spindle shaped spots with grey centre and dark brown margin (Leaf blast). The spots coalesce as the disease progresses and large areas of the leaves dry up and wither. Spots also appear on sheath. Severely infected nursery and field appear as burnt. | |
| Black lesions appear on nodes girdling them. The affected nodes may break up and all the plant parts above the infected nodes may die (nodal blast). | |
| control measures:Spraying of Tricyclazole at 1g/lit of water or Edifenphos at 1 ml/lit of water or Carbendazim at 1.0 gm/lit. | |
| 3 to 4 sprays each at nursery, tillering stage and panicle emergence stage may be required for complete control.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00917.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Thrips,"symptoms: Leaves curl towards midrib and become deformed. | |
| Stunted plant growth due to shortened internodes and leaves greatly reduced in size. | |
| Flower buds abcise before attaining full size and anthers do not contain pollen grains. | |
| The virus is generally transmitted by whitefly. So control measures of whitefly in this regard would be helpful | |
| control measure:Soaking seeds in a solution containing 150 g Trisodium orthriphosphate per litre of water for 30 minutes inhibits seed - borne inoculum. | |
| Apply Carbofuran 3G @ 4-5 Kg/acre in the mainfield to control sucking complex and insect vectors selectively.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00246.jpg,Groundnut,Leaf Spot; Aphids,"tikka disease | |
| early spot: The lesions are dark brown and appear on the adaxial (upper) surface of the leaflets. | |
| Light brown lesions are found on the abaxial (lower) surface. The lesions are larger than those caused by C. personatum and are surrounded by a bright yellow, circular halo. | |
| late spot: The spots mostly appear on the leaf blades, but at times, they also appear on the petioles and the stem. The infected leaves drop off prematurely. | |
| control measures: Intercrop groundnut and green gram (Vigna radiata) in the ratio of 4:1. | |
| Tolerant varieties like T-64, C-501, MH-4, TMV-6 and TMV-10 can be grown.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00086.jpg,Maize,Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight,"The disease typically appears around the pre-flowering stage (30-40 days after sowing) but can infect plants earlier. It spreads rapidly from the basal leaf sheaths upwards. | |
| 1-Cultural Practices: Proper drainage, removing crop debris, and using resistant varieties are essential. | |
| 2-Chemical Control: Application of fungicides (e.g., Carbendazim, Validamycin) can help manage the disease, but integrated management is most effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00630.jpg,Lemon,Healthy,"Citrus leaves yellowing and curling usually indicate stress from improper watering (too much or too little), nutrient deficiencies (nitrogen, iron, magnesium), or pest infestations like aphids, thrips, or leaf miners. Immediate action includes checking soil moisture, checking for insects, and applying a balanced, micronutrient-rich citrus fertilizer.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00705.jpg,Bitter gourd,Powdery Mildew; Aphids,"The Bitter gourd plants drying, browning and die due to severe pest infestations (whiteflies, vine borers), fungal diseases (powdery/downy mildew), or improper watering (overwatering/underwatering). | |
| Cut off mildewed leaves or borer-infested stems to stop the spread. | |
| Powdery Mildew: Appears as white powdery spots on leaves, turning them yellow or brown, leading to premature leaf drop and death.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00521.jpg,Bean,Mosaic Virus,"Leaf mosaic disease in beans, caused primarily by viruses like BCMV and BYMV, is characterized by mottled yellow/green leaves, stunted growth, and curled foliage. Transmitted by aphids or whiteflies, it causes significant yield losses and is often seed-borne. Control of vectors by applying Neem oil, Imidachloprid or Spinosad as recommended.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00131.jpg,Banana,Sigatoka Leaf Spot,"The symptoms as visible are most likely caused by Sigatoka, a fungal disease. Spray 3 times with Carbendazim 0.1 per cent or Propicanozole 0.1 % or Mancozeb 0.25% and teepol (sticking agent) at 10-15 days interval, as the disease starting from initial appearance of leaf specks .",India,Bihar | |
| images/00751.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) is a major, highly infectious disease affecting Chilli plants, causing severe stunting, mosaic mottling, and leaf deformation. Spread primarily by aphids, it causes leaves to twist, narrow (shoestring symptom), and turn yellow. | |
| Control Vectors: Use insecticides to manage aphid populations by applying systemic insecticides like Imidacloprid 70% WS-1gm per liter of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00249.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus; Mites,"symptoms eaves curl towards midrib and become deformed. | |
| Stunted plant growth due to shortened internodes and leaves greatly reduced in size. | |
| caused by whitefly | |
| control measures : Apply Carbofuran 3G @ 4-5 Kg/acre in the mainfield to control sucking complex and insect vectors selectively. | |
| If it is not possible spray the crop with systemic insecticides. Dimethoate 2ml of Acephate 1g per litre of water.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00570.jpg,Sorghum,Grain Mold; Stem Borer,"symptoms: Withering and drying of central shoot -“dead heart” | |
| Red mining in the midrib | |
| Bore holes visible on the stem near the nodes. Affected parts of stem may show internally tunneling of caterpillars | |
| control measures: Spray on Carbaryl 50 WP 1.00 kg/ha (500 l spray fluid/ ha). | |
| Mix any one of the following insecticides with sand to make | |
| up a total quantity of 50 kg/ha and apply in the leaf whorls : | |
| Phorate 10 G 8 kg/ha | |
| Carbofuran 3 G 17 kg/ha",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00364.jpg,Tomato,Bacterial Wilt; Whiteflies,"symptoms: Lower leaves drop before wilting . | |
| Yellow brown discolouration of tissues.Rapid and complete wilting of plant. | |
| control measure: Drenching with bleaching powder @ 4 kg/ac | |
| Soil application of neem cake @ 100 kg/acre",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00394.jpg,Bottle gourd,Fruit Fly,"Bottle gourd young fruits rotting due to infestation of fruit flies, which can be controlled by using attractants like citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, vinegar (acetic acid), and lactic acid to trap flies. Use poison baiting in severe infestation. Mix methyl eugenol + malathion 50 EC at 1:1 ratio and keep 10 ml of the bait in polythene bags @ 25/ha.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00900.jpg,Mango,Powdery Mildew,"Powdery mildew disease and young mango shoots drying out (dieback) is commonly caused by fungal diseases like Botryosphaeria rhodina or Anthracnose, often triggered by stress, improper watering, or high soil pH. Affected branches should be pruned below the damage, and the tree treated with fungicide.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00340.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Leaf curl virus disease in papaya, there is no chemical treatment for viral infections. However, holding the population of whiteflies in check can reduce the severity of the infection. Soil application at the time of sowing and 4-5 foliar sprays of metasystox at an interval of 10 days can effectively control whitefly populations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00557.jpg,Mango,Anthracnose,"Vegetative Malformation(Bunchy Top) in mango seedlings and young shoots show shortened internodes, swelling of apical buds, and a dense, clustered appearance of small leaves. | |
| Management requires pruning infected parts, using disease-free planting material, and applying fungicides.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00960.jpg,Chilli,Leaf Curl Virus,"The symptoms are of typical Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) cannot be cured, but its spread can be managed through preventative measures and control of whiteflies, the primary vectors of the virus. Focus on preventing whitefly infestations and eliminating infected plants.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00191.jpg,Maize,Fall Armyworm,"Fall armyworm (FAW) affected Maize plants. For early infestations, apply biopesticides like azadirachtin or chemical insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole or flubendiamide to the plant's whorl as recommended doses.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00890.jpg,Tobacco,Tobacco Mosaic Virus,"Symptoms of TMV in tobacco. The virus affected plants to be uprooted and destroyed immediately, to control whitefly (vector of TMV)spray Imidacloprid @3ml /10 liters of water or Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water as preventive measures at early stage of the crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00528.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Wheat plants having dark green leaves, which can be due to Phosphorous deficiency. Which can be controlled by application of DAP @ 8 to 10 kg per acre, or spray liquid Nano DAP @ 2.5ml per liter of water in morning or evening when there is no Dew/ on dry leaves.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00021.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Calcium deficiency symptoms in potato plants. Apply calcium-rich amendments like lime, gypsum, or calcium nitrate to the soil. Foliar Sprays: Use foliar sprays containing calcium chloride, calcium acetate, or calcium nitrate to provide a quick boost of calcium to the plant.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00615.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"Chilli Sudden Wilt | |
| Disease: Bacterial wilt | |
| Symptoms | |
| Sudden wilting of entire plant | |
| Leaves remain green initially | |
| Browning at stem base | |
| Milky ooze from cut stem in water | |
| Rapid plant death | |
| -Control Measures | |
| Use resistant varieties and healthy seedlings | |
| Follow crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops | |
| Remove and destroy infected plants | |
| Provide good drainage; avoid waterlogging | |
| Soil drenching with Copper oxychloride or Streptocycline | |
| Apply bio-agents like Trichoderma | |
| Common in warm, moist soil conditions.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00327.jpg,Groundnut,Collar Rot,"Collar rot symptoms in groundnut plants, caused by the soil and seed-borne fungus Aspergillus niger, is a destructive disease causing 28–50% yield losses, particularly in sandy loam soils. It affects seedlings and adult plants, showing symptoms like yellowing, browning/rotting at the collar region, and wilting. Management includes seed treatment with Trichoderma viride (@ 4 g/kg), tebuconazole (@ 1.5 g/kg), or soil application of biocontrol agents.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00153.jpg,Papaya,Papaya Ring Spot Virus,"Symptoms of Papaya mosaic virus (PapMV). It manifests as yellowish-green mottling, dark green blister-like patches, and leaf distortion on young leaves, often leading to stunted growth and reduced fruit yields. Because there is no chemical treatment, you must manage it by roguing (destroying) infected plants, disinfecting pruning tools, and using certified, virus-free planting material. It spreads primarily through mechanical injury and handling.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00629.jpg,Guava,Rust,"Treat powdery mildew on guava by pruning infected leaves and applying neem oil or a mixture of baking soda (1–2 tbsp/gallon of water) and soap. Thoroughly spray both the tops and undersides of leaves, where the fungus often thrives. For severe infestations, use commercial fungicides containing sulfur or systemic options like difenoconazole.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00824.jpg,Guava,Rust,"Guava plants having ""red rust"" (often algal), copper fungicides remain the most effective control. Always remove severely infected plant material immediately. | |
| Copper-Based Fungicides: Products containing copper oxychloride, copper hydroxide, or cuprous oxide are highly effective against both rust and algal leaf spot.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00579.jpg,Brinjal,Wilt,"Typical powdery mildew in brinjal characterized by white, powdery spots on leaves, stems, and fruit. It reduces photosynthesis, stunts growth, causes defoliation, and can cause 40-60% yield losses. Management includes removing infected debris, ensuring good ventilation, and using sulfur-based or neem-based fungicides.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00297.jpg,Chilli,Anthracnose,"Powdery mildew in chilli, caused primarily by Leveillula taurica, appears as white, powdery patches on the lower leaf surface, often leading to severe defoliation and up to 50% yield loss. Effective control involves spraying wettable sulphur@ 2gm per liter of water.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00053.jpg,Chilli,Thrips,"To control Thrips in chilli, spray Imidacloprid, or Acetamiprid @1ml per one liter of water, repeat spray in a gap of 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00479.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,"The symptoms are of typical Nitrogen deficiency, lower leaves turning yellow, starting from margin. | |
| Nitrogen top dressing in the form of Urea@6kg per acre or Foliar spray of Liquid Nano Urea @ 2.5 ml per liter of water is advised for the standing crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00707.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"No such symptoms , potato plants looks healthy but weeds are many along with potato plants",India,Bihar | |
| images/00808.jpg,Cowpea,Healthy,"Powder like deposition on leaves, symptoms of Powdery mildew",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00581.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,"The soil have cracks seen and the tomato plants wilted and drooping due to dry soil, requires irrigation",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00486.jpg,Rahi,Healthy,nothing,India,Bihar | |
| images/00964.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,healthy mustard flowering crop,India,Bihar | |
| images/00032.jpg,Cowpea,Healthy,"nothing,clear healthy plant",India,Bihar | |
| images/00480.jpg,Chilli,Healthy,green leave,India,Bihar | |
| images/00087.jpg,Cowpea,Healthy,The plants have nutrient deficiency,India,Bihar | |
| images/00544.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"stunted plant of Papaya, poor growth",India,Bihar | |
| images/00733.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,Leaf mosaic virus,India,Bihar | |
| images/00240.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,picture is not clear,India,Bihar | |
| images/00647.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Mustard pods are nearing maturity and still flowers are seen, crop is in good condition.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00471.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,green leaf,India,Bihar | |
| images/00210.jpg,Rose,Healthy,no disease or nutrient deficiency in plant,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00692.jpg,Red gram,Healthy,no deficiency,India,Bihar | |
| images/00501.jpg,Groundnut,Healthy,none,India,Bihar | |
| images/00339.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,"The purplish tinge on the leaves may be due to varietal characteristics. Additionally, localized mechanical damage is observed on two to three leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00160.jpg,Rice,Healthy,no specific symptoms were observed on either the leaves or the panicles,India,Bihar | |
| images/00451.jpg,Moringa,Healthy,"No mildew symptoms were identified; however, dust deposition was present on the leaf surfaces",India,Bihar | |
| images/00537.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,dust/ soil deposition was noticed on the leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00553.jpg,Groundnut,Healthy,no symptoms of disease or pest are seen,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00405.jpg,Bean,Healthy,no signs of pests and diseases are seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00381.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no symptoms are observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00910.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,the issue with the crop in the image appears to be related to drought stress or terminal heat stress which can lead to desiccation or wilting,India,Bihar | |
| images/00605.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,no issue can be seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00172.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,No visible symptoms of pests or diseases were observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00929.jpg,Bottle gourd,Healthy,so signs of pest or disease,India,Bihar | |
| images/00142.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no signs of damage in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00152.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,"One fruit did not develop well; overall, plant is healthy.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00225.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,lush green field no evident symptom of damage,India,Bihar | |
| images/00503.jpg,Gum,Healthy,"In order to choose a crop, it is not evident, so I had to choose gum. | |
| Potential case of stem bleeding or gummosis: dark-reddish brown gum oozing out from the bark.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00369.jpg,Aparajita,Healthy,"Seems low nutrition, as leaves are a bit yellowish, Nitrogen deficiency.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00914.jpg,Tobacco,Healthy,the leaves slightly swollen may related to environmental factors and varietal characteristics or any other minor pest damage can cause localized distortions,India,Bihar | |
| images/00816.jpg,Potato,Healthy,Healthy plant,India,Bihar | |
| images/00198.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,Image shows a relatively healthy looking plant without more specific symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00040.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"healthy plant | |
| Dark green colored plant | |
| firm leaves | |
| brightly colored flowers | |
| well",India,Rajasthan | |
| images/00747.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,none of the problem is detected in the image of the mustard plant,India,Bihar | |
| images/00925.jpg,Rice,Healthy,there isn't a clear problem with the plant they apper healty young rice seedlingd planted in flooded field,India,Telangana | |
| images/00958.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"In the probelm of the plant section i mentioned none because of there wilting is not mentioned image appears to be experiencing wilting indicated by drooping , curled leaves and leaf discolaration",India,Bihar | |
| images/00720.jpg,Bean,Healthy,"Healthy plant | |
| it has dark green colored plant | |
| firm leaves root system is well developed",India,Bihar | |
| images/00063.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,"Dark green colored plant | |
| firm leaves | |
| brightly colored plant | |
| soil is surface looks dry and lack of moisture",India,Bihar | |
| images/00837.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,the image provided here shows a healthy plant. no issue reported,India,Bihar | |
| images/00392.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,no visible issue can be seen clearly,India,Bihar | |
| images/00317.jpg,Groundnut,Healthy,no visible issue is seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00567.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,no diseases has found in the plant it looks healthy and green,India,Bihar | |
| images/00839.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,proper spacing should be maintained in crop field to obtained maximum yield,India,Bihar | |
| images/00504.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,its looks like brinjal plant and no clear disease of nutrient deficiency is visible,India,Bihar | |
| images/00472.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Heavy weed infestation in Mustard field, Manual weeding is advised along with thinning the crowded plants for better growth of the crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00009.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,"The Brinjal plant is infested with Spodoptera leaf eating caterpillar as per holes and cuts in the leaves. Which can be controlled at early stage by spraying Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water at 8 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00725.jpg,Cowpea,Healthy,no disease or nutrient deficiency is visible in the picture,India,Bihar | |
| images/00756.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"Healthy maize plants, no pest or disease symptoms noticed. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water to be done at 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00144.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Symptoms: | |
| this is the sap burn or tip burn symptom of the mango crop possible causes are salt injury to roots, occur when salt-based fertilizers or salts in the soil come in contact with the roots of the mango tree. Affected leaves may exhibit necrosis, leading to reduced photosynthesis and stunted growth | |
| control: watering, balanced fertilizer application",India,Bihar | |
| images/00586.jpg,Arhar,Healthy,"Healthy Arhar plants at flowering and pod formation stage. No disease or pest symptoms found. Apply preventive spray of organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00955.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy Wheat plants at tillering stage, no disease or pest symptoms found. Apply preventive spray of organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00015.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Healthy Mustard plants at flowering stage , no disease or pest infestation observed. Apply preventive spray of organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with proper irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00079.jpg,Bottle gourd,Healthy,"Healthy bottle gourd plants, preventive spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water to be done with recommended dose of fertiliser and timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00775.jpg,Kidney bean,Healthy,"Healthy plants of Kidney bean, no disease and pest found, preventive spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water to be done with recommended dose of fertiliser and timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00348.jpg,Banana,Healthy,The spots appearing on the leaves are common and are not caused by any pest or disease.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00215.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no symptom of pest or disease is observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00415.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Healthy potato plants, but on close observation powder like deposition observed on leaves. It could be early stage of Powdery mildew infection. | |
| Control at early stage-Baking soda spray: Mix 1 tablespoon of baking soda and ½ teaspoon of liquid soap in 1 gallon of water and spray affected areas.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00658.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"The crop is looking healthy, and no deficiency symptoms are visible on the leaves",India,Bihar | |
| images/00140.jpg,Potato,Healthy,the healthy crop growth is observed and no symptoms of pests and diseases are seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00651.jpg,Maize,Healthy,healthy crop growth is observed in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00595.jpg,Bottle gourd,Healthy,no symptoms are observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00683.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,no symptoms are observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00611.jpg,Carrot,Healthy,no signs of pest and diseases are mentioned,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00722.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,no symptoms are noticed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00547.jpg,Mango,Healthy,no symptoms are noticed,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00430.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,no symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00214.jpg,Bean,Healthy,"Crop: Dolichos bean | |
| no signs of pest and diseases are notice",India,Bihar | |
| images/00826.jpg,Chilli,Healthy,no symptoms of pest and diseases are notice,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00594.jpg,Kidney bean,Healthy,"Healthy plants at flowering and fruit setting stage. No pest and disease symptoms found. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water to be applied.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00787.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"Healthy Papaya crop at growing stage, needs balance NPK fertiliser and preventive application of Neem oil 300ppm @5ml per liter of water and timely irrigation for better growth and flowering",India,Bihar | |
| images/00667.jpg,Arhar,Healthy,"Matured pods of Arhar with seeds visible, no symptoms of pest and diseases found. Proper storage to be done in air tight containers to prevent post harvest loss.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00299.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"पौधा स्वस्थ दिख रहा है, पत्तियाँ गहरी हरी और ताजगी भरी हैं, जड़ प्रणाली मजबूत है और विकास नियमित हो रहा है। इस अवस्था में संतुलित नाइट्रोजन युक्त खाद दें और सिंचाई नियमित रखें, लेकिन अधिक पानी से बचें। समय-समय पर खेत की सफाई करें और खरपतवार नियंत्रण पर ध्यान दें, ताकि पौधे का विकास बाधित न हो।",India,Bihar | |
| images/00948.jpg,Rice,Healthy,in the given image rice crop is seen but pest and disease symptoms are not able to found,India,Telangana | |
| images/00182.jpg,Chilli,Healthy,"we could see the pale leaves with the chilli | |
| this may be due to waterlogging conditions in the filed",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00604.jpg,Bottle gourd,Healthy,only dust accumulations on the leaves of the bottle guard plant is found,India,Bihar | |
| images/00316.jpg,Rose,Healthy,anthocyanin pigmentation in young flesh is common in roses,India,Bihar | |
| images/00699.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"Healthy Maize plants at growing stage, no disease or pest symptoms found, preventive application of Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water can be sprayed at regular interval of 8 to 10 days. Inspect the crop regularly and monitor for any signs of infestations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00088.jpg,Bitter gourd,Healthy,"Healthy Bitter gourd plants, no disease or pest symptoms found, preventive application of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water can be sprayed at regular interval of 8 to 10 days. Inspect the crop regularly and monitor for any signs of infestations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00074.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat plants, no disease or pest symptoms found, preventive application of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water can be sprayed at regular interval of 8 to 10 days. Inspect the crop regularly and monitor for any signs of infestations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00095.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Healthy Potato crop, no disease or pest symptoms found, preventive application of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water can be sprayed at regular interval of 8 to 10 days. Inspect the crop regularly and monitor for any signs of infestations.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00855.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Healthy cauliflower plants at flowering stage, curds are smaller, may be due to varietal traits. Smaller curd is due to Boron deficiency. Application of Borax@1gm per liter of water at initiation of flower is recommended.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00881.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"The mango tree appears healthy and normal; however, a considerable amount of dust is observed on the leaf surfaces.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00043.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,none of the symptoms are peculiar,India,Bihar | |
| images/00157.jpg,Rice,Healthy,none,India,Telangana | |
| images/00239.jpg,Groundnut,Healthy,"Groundnut plants get uprooted mainly due to white grub or termite attack, which damages roots and pegs, making plants loose and easily pulled out. | |
| It can also occur due to poor root anchorage from sandy soil, heavy irrigation, or severe wilt/root rot infection.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00627.jpg,Groundnut,Healthy,"Normal yellowing with heavy leaf fall is commonly due to nutrient deficiency (especially nitrogen), moisture stress, or natural senescence of older leaves.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00343.jpg,Arhar,Healthy,"Healthy Arhar crop at flowering stage, no signs of any disease or pest infestation. Preventive spray of Neem oil, 300ppm @5ml per liter of water may be applied.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00039.jpg,Peas,Healthy,"Healthy pea plants, no pest or disease symptoms found. Preventive spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water to be done with recommended dose of fertiliser and timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00530.jpg,Tobacco,Healthy,"Healthy Tobacco plants at growing stage, no pest or disease symptoms found . Application of balance NPK fertiliser and timely irrigation is required.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00164.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"No visible signs of powdery mildew, white rust, or insect damage on the flowers. | |
| The plant appears healthy in its flowering stage.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00746.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,"Male flowering papaya plants. Remove excess male trees to maintain a 1:10 to 1:20 ratio with female trees, keep only one plant per pit. Male plants are identified upon flowering (6-7 months) and removed, while female or hermaphrodite plants are kept.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00841.jpg,Tobacco,Healthy,"Healthy tobacco leaves, no pest or disease infestation found. Regular inspection to monitor crop health is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00156.jpg,Bitter gourd,Healthy,Healthy Bitter gourd plants at growing stage. No disease pest infestation found. Apply balance nutrition with NPK fertiliser and timely irrigation for better flowering and fruiting.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00110.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat plants at flowering stage. No disease or pest infestation is found, apply balance nutrition and timely irrigation at critical stages of wheat.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00817.jpg,Lemongrass,Healthy,"Healthy Lemon grass plants, no pest or disease symptoms found. As lemon grass have essential oils, which emit scents that repels most of the pests.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00628.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Healthy potato plants, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00431.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Crop looks healthy. So, at this vegetative growth stage, give the recommended dose of fertilizers and irrigation for better growth.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00138.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,Crop looks healthy. There are no visible symptoms of pest or disease.,India,Telangana | |
| images/00718.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,Wheat plant looks heathy at grain formation stage.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00295.jpg,Rose,Healthy,Rose plant looks healthy without any pest or disease symptoms.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00147.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,Mustard plant looks healthy without any pest or disease symptoms.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00281.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,Brinjal plant at vegetative stage looks healthy without any pest or disease symptoms,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00636.jpg,Potato,Healthy,Potato plant looks healthy without any pest or disease symptoms.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00066.jpg,Crossandra,Healthy,no symptoms are observed,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00607.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"slight leaf curling in wheat can be common and not always harmful, especially in young seedlings or under certain environmental conditions.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00676.jpg,Radish,Healthy,"Healthy Radish crop, plants are lush green with no disease or pest symptoms found. Preventive spray of natural Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water to be sprayed with balance nutrition and timely irrigation to keep the soil moist and loose for growth of radish.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00760.jpg,Pepper,Healthy,"Pepper plants are lush green with no disease or pest symptoms found. Preventive spray of natural Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water to be sprayed with balance nutrition and timely irrigation.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00946.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Healthy onion plants with no disease or pest symptoms found. Preventive spray of natural Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water to be sprayed with balance nutrition and timely irrigation.",India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00753.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,Healthy wheat plants but field is infested with severe weed problem. Weeding by manual or herbicide to be used for better growth of wheat crop.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00188.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat crops ,requires balanced fertiliser dose along with irrigation at critical stages.. Monitoring the crop for early detection of pest and diseases.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00025.jpg,Canola,Healthy,"Healthy canola plants at flowering stage, requires balanced fertiliser dose. Monitoring the crop for early detection of pest and diseases.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00071.jpg,Pumpkin,Healthy,"Pumpkin leaves curling and drying usually indicate stress from extreme heat, underwatering, pests (aphids/mites), or nutrient deficiencies. Immediately increase water to 1–1.5 inches per week, provide shade during peak sun, check for pests, and apply balanced fertilizer.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00516.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"Healthy Maize plants at growing stage, no pest or disease symptoms found. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water is required along with balance dose of fertiliser application and timely irrigation as per requirements.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00895.jpg,Bitter gourd,Healthy,"Healthy bitter gourd plants, at flowering and fruiting stage, no pest or disease symptoms found. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water is required along with balance dose of fertiliser application and timely irrigation as per requirements.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00793.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,"so symptoms of pests and diseases are observed | |
| but seedlings are germinated spaces that may be due to seed distribution",India,Bihar | |
| images/00102.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,no pest and disease symptoms noticed but germination is not proper in some places,India,Bihar | |
| images/00599.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,In chickpea no symptoms of pests and diseases are seen but weed infestation is bit more,India,Bihar | |
| images/00319.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no signs of pests and diseases are observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00577.jpg,Rice,Healthy,no symptoms are identified,India,Bihar | |
| images/00145.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"The plants are showing elongated (lanky) growth, with weakened stems bending and leaning toward one side, indicating uneven growth orientation longing for sunlight",India,Bihar | |
| images/00337.jpg,Onion,Healthy,seedlings are slightly dull and becoming dry due to moisture stress,India,Bihar | |
| images/00361.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,no symptoms are observed and image is also not clear,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00390.jpg,Chilli,Healthy,"The seedlings appear similar to freshly transplanted ones, and the wilting-like symptoms are likely due to transplanting shock.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00687.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Onion plants are showing yellowing and wilt-like symptoms. Since algal growth is observed on the soil surface, it indicates that the crop has experienced waterlogging for some time. The wilt-like symptoms are therefore likely due to over-irrigation. These symptoms can be corrected by improving drainage, reducing irrigation frequency, and restoring proper soil aeration | |
| soil application of some of below components can recommended for reviving the crop | |
| Trichoderma (viride/harzianum): 2.5 kg/acre mixed with FYM | |
| Neem cake: 100–150 kg/acre | |
| Gypsum (for heavy soils): 200–250 kg/acre | |
| Humic acid (soil drench): 1–2 ml/L",India,Bihar | |
| images/00520.jpg,Watermelon,Healthy,no symptoms are observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00975.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,"soft watery lesions on ripe tomato fruit | |
| Reasons | |
| Mechanical injury during harvesting, packing, or transport | |
| Post-harvest bacterial soft rot entering through wounds | |
| Over-mature fruits with weak skin | |
| High humidity and poor ventilation after harvest | |
| Symptoms | |
| Water-soaked, soft patches on fruits | |
| Tissue becomes mushy and collapses | |
| Foul smell in advanced stages | |
| Rapid spread to nearby fruits | |
| Control / management | |
| Harvest at breaker–pink stage, avoid over-ripening | |
| Handle fruits gently; avoid bruising | |
| Remove damaged fruits immediately | |
| Wash fruits in chlorinated water (100–150 ppm) | |
| Dry and store in cool, well-ventilated conditions | |
| Use clean crates; avoid piling and compression",India,Bihar | |
| images/00119.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,the crop is looking health,India,Bihar | |
| images/00621.jpg,Onion,Healthy,older leaves are getting dried off,India,Bihar | |
| images/00863.jpg,Pomegranate,Healthy,no symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00716.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,lanky growth with more internodal length,India,Bihar | |
| images/00351.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,crop is looking healthy in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00715.jpg,Cowpea,Healthy,just germinated seedling are shown and are looking healthy,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00163.jpg,Onion,Healthy,"Onion field with white/salt deposition on soil | |
| Cause: Soil salinity (saline water, poor drainage, excess fertilizers) | |
| Symptoms: Poor germination, leaf tip burn, stunted bulbs | |
| Control: Improve drainage, leach salts with good-quality water, add organic matter, apply gypsum (if sodic), reduce fertilizer dose and confirm with soil EC test",India,Bihar | |
| images/00072.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,crop is looking healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00884.jpg,Tobacco,Healthy,"Sun scorch / Chemical burn | |
| Symptoms: | |
| Irregular brown patches | |
| Appears suddenly after spraying | |
| Upper exposed leaves affected | |
| Control: | |
| Avoid spraying during hot hours | |
| Use recommended dose",India,Bihar | |
| images/00889.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,we cannot see any pest of disease infection in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00809.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,no symptoms of pest and diseases are noticed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00622.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,In the given image no specific symptoms of pest and diseases are noticed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00231.jpg,Cucumber,Healthy,just germinated seedling,India,Bihar | |
| images/00073.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00264.jpg,Radish,Healthy,"Radish plants heavily infested with weeds, manual weeding or use of mechanical weeder is advised at this stage of the crop as the weeds have grown more. Weeding must be done before flowering stage else the seeds will fall in the field and reemergence of weeds will create more problem for the crop.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00391.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat plant at vegetative stage but soil cracks are seen due to water stress. Irrigate the field regularly, particularly at critical stages like tillering, CRI, PI, and grain filling stage.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00091.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,"Tomato leaves whitish and curling . Heat and low moisture can cause the edges of the tomato leaves to die back, then twist and curl. Hot dry weather may also cause a symptom called physiological leaf roll. | |
| Irrigate regularly and do not allow the soil to dry completely to a wilting point.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00735.jpg,Coriander,Healthy,sparce planting or poor germination of seed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00812.jpg,Mango,Healthy,"Multiple Shoots in Young Mango Branches | |
| Possible Causes: | |
| -After pruning/tip damage – Normal lateral bud sprouting. | |
| -Mango malformation (Fusarium mangiferae) | |
| -Bunchy, compact shoots | |
| -Short internodes | |
| - Excess nitrogen – Vigorous clustered growth | |
| If malformation suspected: | |
| Prune 15–20 cm below affected area and spray Carbendazim 1 g/L.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00276.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no symptoms are noticed and the dense crop is seen in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00005.jpg,Paddy,Healthy,paddy panicle with the grains,India,Odisha | |
| images/00187.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Healthy potato plants, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00171.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Healthy mustard plants, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive spray of organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00302.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,Healthy mustard crop at flowering and pod setting stage. No pest or disease symptoms noticed.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00862.jpg,Chilli,Healthy,"Green chilli fruits, seems dehydrated a bit and shriveled. Storage in aerated close containers at lower temperature in refrigerated condition is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00212.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Healthy mustard crop at flowering stage, no pest or disease infestations noticed. Preventive foliar spray of Neem oil,300ppm @5ml per liter of water, balance NPK nutrition and timely irrigation is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00931.jpg,Peas,Healthy,"Healthy Pea plants at growing stage, no pest or disease symptoms found. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water is required along with balance dose of fertiliser application and timely irrigation as per requirements.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00670.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,Dust accumulation on the leaves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00571.jpg,Pearl millet,Healthy,crop is looking comparatively healthy and normal,India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00408.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,no symptoms observed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00690.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,crop is looking healthy and normal,India,Madhya Pradesh | |
| images/00436.jpg,Potato,Healthy,No symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00666.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,no symptoms of pest and diseases are seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00280.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,due to shade the growth is lanky and poor growth,India,Bihar | |
| images/00959.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Sun Scorch / Heat Injury | |
| • White burnt patches | |
| • No fungal growth | |
| • Occurs during high temperature | |
| ✔ Maintain proper irrigation | |
| If patches spread rapidly in cool, humid weather → likely late blight.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00371.jpg,Bitter gourd,Healthy,no symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00796.jpg,Potato,Healthy,no symptoms are seen,India,Bihar | |
| images/00328.jpg,Maize,Healthy,Maize crop looks healthy without any symptoms of pest or disease.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00164.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,Mustard flowers are healthy without any pest or disease symptoms,India,Bihar | |
| images/00103.jpg,Bottle gourd,Healthy,crop is good its in fruiting stage,India,Bihar | |
| images/00701.jpg,Papaya,Healthy,here we can see the male papaya plant,India,Bihar | |
| images/00563.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Healthy potato plants, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00234.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat crop at grain filling stage, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00052.jpg,Potato,Healthy,"Healthy potato plants, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00792.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Healthy mustard crop at flowering stage, no pest or disease infestations noticed. Preventive foliar spray of Neem oil,300ppm @5ml per liter of water, balance NPK nutrition and timely irrigation is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00414.jpg,Fruit trees,Healthy,early gemination of cloves,India,Bihar | |
| images/00440.jpg,Bottle gourd,Healthy,plant is looking healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00470.jpg,Pumpkin,Healthy,"Young pumpkin plant, having 2 to 3 leaves, no disease or pest symptoms found. Apply preventive spray of organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00685.jpg,Maize,Healthy,"Healthy Maize plants at growing stage, no pest or disease symptoms found. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water is required along with balance dose of fertiliser application and timely irrigation as per requirements.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00774.jpg,Arhar,Healthy,"Arhar crop at flowering stage, no disease pest symptoms found. At this stage Pod borer and Leaf Folder can be a problem, which feed on leaves, flowers, and pods, causing significant yield loss by damaging developing seeds and foliage. Preventive spray of Neem oil,300pm@ 5ml per liter of water to be applied in 8 to 10 days interval.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00953.jpg,Banana,Healthy,pigmentation in young banana seedlings is common in,India,Bihar | |
| images/00972.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,Mustard Crop at flowering stage looks healthy without any symptoms of pest or disease.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00706.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat crop at flowering stage. No pest or disease symptoms found. Preventive foliar spray of Neem oil,300ppm @5ml per liter of water, balance NPK nutrition and timely irrigation is advised.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00162.jpg,Garlic,Healthy,"Healthy garlic plants, cultivated in ridge and furrow method. No disease or pest infestation visible .",India,Bihar | |
| images/00780.jpg,Green gram,Healthy,"Healthy green gram plants, no disease or pest infestation noticed. Preventive application of Neem oil,300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water can be sprayed at regular interval of 8 to 10 days.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00018.jpg,Marigold,Healthy,"Seems healthy marigold plants, image is not clear for a better observation",India,Bihar | |
| images/00937.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,"Healthy Mustard plants at flowering and pod formation stage, no issues observed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00314.jpg,Brinjal,Healthy,"Powdery mildew disease in Brinjal : powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Neem oil, 300ppm @ 5ml per liter of water or application of wettable sulfur (2000 ppm)@ 1gm per liter of water is effective.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00200.jpg,Strawberry,Healthy,"Healthy and quality strawberry fruits after harvest, It should be stored in perforated containers in cooler temperature for longer shelf life and better market price.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00152.jpg,Tomato,Healthy,"Tomato fruit rot is primarily controlled by maintaining dry conditions, using staking to prevent soil contact, and applying fungicides like Dithane M-45, Bordeaux mixture, or copper-based sprays.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00077.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat crops at grain filling stage, no disease or pest infestation symptoms observed.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00355.jpg,Rice,Healthy,germinated seedlings,India,Bihar | |
| images/00874.jpg,Rice,Healthy,no symptoms are noticed,India,Bihar | |
| images/00491.jpg,Potato,Healthy,only beneficial insect lady bird beetle is seen in the image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00417.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,crop is looking healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00476.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,crop is looking healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00293.jpg,Rice,Healthy,crop is looking healthy,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00799.jpg,Maize,Healthy,crop is looking healthy and symptoms are not visible clearly in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00514.jpg,Onion,Healthy,crop is comparatively healthy and symptoms are not very clear in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00429.jpg,Red gram,Healthy,crop is looking healthy and pest and disease symptoms are not visible in the given image,India,Bihar | |
| images/00947.jpg,Capsicum,Healthy,The capsicum plant looks healthy without any symptoms of pest or disease.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00764.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,Mustard crop looks healthy without any symptoms of pest or disease.,India,Bihar | |
| images/00150.jpg,Potato,Healthy,the crop is looking healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00732.jpg,Cauliflower,Healthy,"Causes of Riceyness in Cauliflower in Cauliflower: surface of the curd is loose & has velvety appearance due to elongation of pedicel and form small white flower buds at the curding stage | |
| Riceyness occurs when the curd starts producing small premature flower buds, making the curd loose and grainy. | |
| Main Causes | |
| High temperature during curd formation. | |
| Excess nitrogen fertilization leading to rapid growth. | |
| Improper variety for the season or climate. | |
| Late harvesting of the curd. | |
| Moisture stress or irregular irrigation. | |
| High humidity with warm weather conditions. | |
| These factors cause premature floral development, resulting in a loose, granular curd instead of a compact head",India,Bihar | |
| images/00333.jpg,Potato,Healthy,the crop is looking healthy and normal,India,Bihar | |
| images/00194.jpg,Mustard,Healthy,crop is looking healthy and normal,India,Bihar | |
| images/00324.jpg,Rice,Healthy,rice crop is healthy and normal,India,Jharkhand | |
| images/00422.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,"Healthy wheat crop at growing stage, no symptoms of any disease and pest infestation. Apply preventive organic Neem oil ,300ppm @5ml per liter of water and balance dose of NPK fertiliser as recommended with timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |
| images/00850.jpg,Wheat,Healthy,crop is looking healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00582.jpg,Canola,Healthy,crops looks healthy,India,Bihar | |
| images/00559.jpg,Banana,Healthy,banana seedling is heathy and pigmentation is common its not due to any pest or disease,India,Maharashtra | |
| images/00099.jpg,Chickpea,Healthy,crop is looking healthy and normal,India,Bihar | |
| images/00775.jpg,Bean,Healthy,Dolichos bean crop is looking healthy and normal,India,Bihar | |
| images/00620.jpg,Arhar,Healthy,"Healthy Arhar crop at flowering and pod setting stage, no symptoms of pest or disease noticed. Preventive spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water to be done with recommended dose of fertiliser and timely irrigation.",India,Andhra Pradesh | |
| images/00771.jpg,Peas,Healthy,"Healthy Pea plants, no symptoms of pest or disease noticed. Preventive spray of Neem oil, 300ppm@ 5ml per liter of water to be done with recommended dose of fertiliser and timely irrigation.",India,Bihar | |