Moscow Kremlin grounds, cathedrals, Red Square, visit to St. Basil’s Cathedral, Manezh Square - 21st World Petroleum Congress
21st World Petroleum Congress
Time: 09:00-12:45
Price: 55 EUR per pax
The Moscow Kremlin is worldwide known as the main sightseeing of Moscow, a foundation of Russia’s political power with a great historical importance. The Kremlin is a heart of a huge country, a place of residence of numerous kings, patriarchs and communists. It is the chief architectural ensemble of the city. From the 13th century to the founding of St Petersburg, the Moscow Kremlin was directly and tangibly associated with every major event in Russian history. Along the South wall of the Kremlin, overlooking the Moscow River, you will find the Grand Kremlin Palace. Within the Kremlin there is a Cathedral Square, the so-called "City of God". The famous Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon are there, too. Six buildings, including three enormous cathedrals edge the square. Most of them are the works of Italian architects during the late 15th and early 16th Century.
Today, the Kremlin is not only one of the largest and most interesting museums in the world, but also the official residence of the President of the Russian Federation, the Kremlin is the perfect place to begin your tour of Moscow.
Kremlin cathedrals
If the heart of Russia is Kremlin, then its soul is Cathedral Square (also called as "The City of God"), the oldest area within the Kremlin territory. Its six buildings, including three enormous cathedrals (the Assumption's, Annunciation's and Archangel's Cathedral), edge the square. Most of them belong to the work of Italian architects of the late 15th and early 16th centuries.
For six centuries the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin remained the main church of Russia, where heirs of the throne were crowned, state acts were disclosed, metropolitans and patriarchs were elected. The cathedral was the burial place of the Moscow patriarchs and metropolitans.
In the southwestern part of the cathedral square rise the nine-golden domes of the elegant Cathedral of the Annunciation. The cathedral was built in 1484-1489 by Pskov craftsmen as the house-fortress of the great prince of Moscow, where wedding ceremonies and christening of children took place. The Cathedral was built in the tradition of Moscow old style architecture.
The Archangel's Cathedral was built in the XVI century. It was the burial place of the Moscow Princes and Tsars. This tradition continued until the end of XVII century. In the old days there was a custom before the campaigns and after successful battles: Muscovite princes came to the cemetery, and worshiped the ashes of their ancestors. The cathedral's pillars and walls are covered with portraits of Moscow leaders and their glorious ancestors.
Red Square is the heart not only of Moscow, but of the whole Russia. Originally a commercial centre, Red Square has been at the very centre of Russian history since the 15th century, from Ivan the Terrible’s confession of his misdeeds to the people in 1550, to great demonstrations, executions and the great parades of the Soviet Union’s military might. Ironically, “krasny” originally meant beautiful and only came to mean red in the last century. From the time of Ivan the Great the square was used as a huge gathering place for public events, markets, fairs and festivals. Encompassing an area of over 70,000 sq metres it is bounded by the Kremlin, the Historical museum and GUM department store, the shopping arcade that was completed in 1893.
Manezh Square is a large pedestrian open space at the heart of Moscow bound by the Hotel Moskva to the east, the State Historical Museum and the Alexander Garden to the south, the Moscow Manege to the west, and the 18th century headquarters of the Moscow State University to the north. The square forms a vital part of downtown Moscow, connecting Red Square (which sprawls behind the Iberian Gate immediately to the south) with a major traffic artery, Tverskaya Street, which starts here and runs northward in the direction of Saint Petersburg. It is served by three metro stations: Okhotny Ryad, Ploshchad Revolyutsii, and Teatralnaya. The Manezh square is the site of an underground shopping mall that opened in 1997 and contains four levels of stores carrying furs, jewelry, cigars, clothes and other consumer goods.
St.Basil’s Cathedral or the Cathedral of the Intercession, as it is called officially, was constructed in 1560 by the order of Ivan the Terrible to commemorate the liberation from the Tatar-Mongol domination. Its original design belongs to the two architects from Pskov – Barma and Postnik. The composition of the cathedral- 9 chapels placed on a single foundation – symbolizes Russia’s victory in the struggle against Tatar-Mongols. Today cathedral is a museum containing an exhibition dedicated to the history of its construction. It contains the icon stand of the Trinity Church and the famous icon “Entry into Jerusalem”.
 
All tours start and finish at the Metropol Hotel (address: Teatralny Proezd 2).
The tour is non-private. The rate includes English speaking guide, entrance fees and VAT 18%.
Delegates are to assemble at the pick-up point 15 minutes prior to tour departure time.
The deadline for online booking and payment is 7 May 2014. The tour booking will not be confirmed until 100% prepayment is received.
Once the tour has been paid in full, it may be replaced by another tour of an equivalent cost or higher no later than 7 May 2014. For any replacements please contact us in writing to
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. The difference in cost of the earlier booked tour will be reimbursed by the Organiser within 60 days after the closing of the event. In case payment was made by a bank transfer, bank fees will not be refunded.
 
TERMS OF CANCELLATION
Tour can be cancelled without penalties no later than 7 May 2014. Cancellations must be made in writing to
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.
After 7 May 2014 no refunds will be made for the tour once it has been booked and paid in full.
Refunds will be reimbursed by the Organiser within 60 days after the closing of the event. In case payment was made by a bank transfer, bank fees will not be refunded.
No refunds will be granted for no-shows and late comers.
 
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