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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code: DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception: DatasetGenerationCastError
Message: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 6 new columns ({'paper_short', 'total_chunks', 'char_count', 'paper', 'chunk_id', 'pillar'}) and 1 missing columns ({'text'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db/metadata.json (at revision 875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300), [/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/30375922444293-config-parquet-and-info-Saicharan21-cardiolab-pap-987d29e5/hub/datasets--Saicharan21--cardiolab-papers-db/snapshots/875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/chunks.json (origin=hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/chunks.json), /tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/30375922444293-config-parquet-and-info-Saicharan21-cardiolab-pap-987d29e5/hub/datasets--Saicharan21--cardiolab-papers-db/snapshots/875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/metadata.json (origin=hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/metadata.json), /tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/30375922444293-config-parquet-and-info-Saicharan21-cardiolab-pap-987d29e5/hub/datasets--Saicharan21--cardiolab-papers-db/snapshots/875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/paper_stats.json (origin=hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/paper_stats.json)], ['hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/chunks.json', 'hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/metadata.json', 'hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/paper_stats.json']
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1893, in _prepare_split_single
writer.write_table(table)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 765, in write_table
self._write_table(pa_table, writer_batch_size=writer_batch_size)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 773, in _write_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2281, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2227, in cast_table_to_schema
raise CastError(
datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
paper: string
paper_short: string
pillar: string
chunk_id: int64
total_chunks: int64
char_count: int64
to
{'text': Value('string')}
because column names don't match
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1347, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 980, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 884, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 947, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1739, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1895, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 6 new columns ({'paper_short', 'total_chunks', 'char_count', 'paper', 'chunk_id', 'pillar'}) and 1 missing columns ({'text'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db/metadata.json (at revision 875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300), [/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/30375922444293-config-parquet-and-info-Saicharan21-cardiolab-pap-987d29e5/hub/datasets--Saicharan21--cardiolab-papers-db/snapshots/875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/chunks.json (origin=hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/chunks.json), /tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/30375922444293-config-parquet-and-info-Saicharan21-cardiolab-pap-987d29e5/hub/datasets--Saicharan21--cardiolab-papers-db/snapshots/875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/metadata.json (origin=hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/metadata.json), /tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/30375922444293-config-parquet-and-info-Saicharan21-cardiolab-pap-987d29e5/hub/datasets--Saicharan21--cardiolab-papers-db/snapshots/875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/paper_stats.json (origin=hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/paper_stats.json)], ['hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/chunks.json', 'hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/metadata.json', 'hf://datasets/Saicharan21/cardiolab-papers-db@875c18acb384a00bb23f939e62e0caa882680300/paper_stats.json']
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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Analyzing Hinge Flow in an Optically Clear Mechanical Heart Valve Using Particle Image Velocimetry Natalia Briseno Advisor: Dr. Bellofiore Department of Biomedical Engineering, San Jose State University BME 291 MS Final Report Briseno 1 Introduction 2 Briseno 2 Introduction Aortic stenosis is a type of heart valve dise... |
of clots on cuts and the healing of injuries. As such, researchers attempt to improve or revolutionize the design of MHVs to induce a more physiologically relevant flow through the aortic valve into the heart. Bioprosthetic valves in comparison, do not require the patient to take anticoagulant therapy, however, they ar... |
around the hinge region of the valve. The data collected from PIV will be used to characterize flow and justify clotting around the hinge region. In order to improve the performance of mechanical heart valves, it is essential to understand the mechanisms by which clots are forming, and how the valve design is contribut... |
novel hinge designs to possibly reduce clotting. This will increase the body of knowledge on flow in heart valves, especially specific flow that increases risk of thrombogenicity. As more high quality research is available, product designers will be able to identify new valve designs that reduce non-physiological flow,... |
over time. The particle movement over time is tracked to develop a velocity field map in the area that is being imaged. In this specific study, the model was scaled up, with a heart valve with fixed leaflets in the system. This model observed cloning flow of the heart valve, and found unsteady flow in the hinge region ... |
Housing 13 There are two main considerations that must be taken when developing a PIV setup, the composition of the test fluid, and the material and design of the valve and test section. These materials must be optimized to limit optical distortion, as any distortion will lead to a less accurate velocity map output. To... |
correction 2 . The clear resin model is shown in Figure 4b. However, similar to the previous systems using acrylic, this method requires a high refractive index solution to enable PIV and would therefore not be suitable for this application. Another solid-liquid system utilized Sylgard-184 to model blood vessels, and c... |
finish of the mold. Figure 5 shows the improvement in surface finish after IPA smoothing of PVB using the Polyshear IPA smoothing device. The Polyshear device was used as it provides controlled IPA vapor. This leads to more consistent smoothing compared to other smoothing methods, such as dipping or brushing the part i... |
One resource in particular, a Formlabs white paper, shows a promising method for fabricating silicone parts with resin molds for silicone earpieces 11 . The white paper includes procedures on designing, printing, and cracking eggshell molds, which are molds with a thin outer wall that can be cracked to retrieve the cas... |
Briseno 10 Previous Experiments: Since last year, this project has already been in progress as part of a Senior design project with group members Nikitah Fernandes and Sunayana Pai. Specifically, completing the first aim. In a group, there were several attempts to create separate valve and test sections, such that the ... |
week for a complete part, including 3D printing, smoothing, filling, and demolding the parts. Briseno 11 (a) (b) Figure 9: Final Combined Valve and Test Section Prototype - (a) Molds and (b) Parts Additionally, the design for the impression of the valve was updated with a 1.30 mm fillet along its bottom inner edge to e... |
was caused by a lack of measurement when filling up the molds to ensure that the part thickness was consistent. In the future, this can be avoided by either designing a fill line into the molds to ensure that the part is filled to the correct point, or filling the molds by weight to ensure that the correct quantity of ... |
in the polynomial equation y = 0.1172x 2 + 0.1310x + 1.3831. This equation serves as a direct correlation between the weight percent of NaI (x) added to the base solution and the expected RI value (y) of the resulting liquid. Using this equation, a solution with a specific RI could be created by solving for the amount ... |
photos after cropping to focus on the area around the valve housing. In Figure 13a, the test section in air has a large amount of distortion, including both radial distortion Briseno 15 under the circular part of the test section, and general distortion around the valve housing, particularly in the hinge region. In Fig... |
had a percent error less than 10%, with a few outliers between 10 and 20%. From reviewing the photo in Figure 14c of the part in RI matched liquid, a few bubbles can be seen, and the location of the high percent error squares matches the location of these bubbles. Since the bubbles are not expected to persist under phy... |
and clamps will also need to be developed for use in the MCL. The final issue observed was that the weight of the filled Tygon tubing pulled down on the connectors, which put more pressure on the silicone and could also have contributed to leakage. Figure 15: Leak Location of Test Section Assembly in MCL During this pr... |
and test section. This testing revealed that although the prototyping method was successful, more work is needed to improve the design to reduce leakage in the MCL. Briseno 19 Materials and Methods: Aim #1: Prototype a Combined Test Section and Valve Using a Sacrificial Mold In this study, a combined test section and v... |
by a previous student linked in Appendix 2. A key design modification included the addition of an internal ledge upstream of the aortic sinus, as shown in Figure 19, to prevent the valve from shifting into the sinus region during operation. This ensured proper valve positioning and preserved physiological flow dynamics... |
lead to uneven cooling, introducing distortions in geometry. In this case, maintaining dimensional accuracy was essential to ensure fit and functionality. Figure 20: orientation of mold in slicer software Briseno 23 Once printed, mold components underwent IPA vapor smoothing to eliminate surface roughness. For the part... |
24 Figure 22: Process for dissolving removing the PVB from silicone part Fabrication of Additional Parts: Connectors were required to interface both the main inlet/outlet and the pressure ports of the test section with the mock circulation loop. The main connectors are shown in Figure 23, with its corresponding drawing... |
was limited to the amount needed for a refractive index of 1.4. The final working solution was prepared at a volume ratio of 54:34:12 (water:glycerol:NaCl by %weight). Briseno 27 Figure 27: RI for varying amounts of NaCL in a base solution of water and glycerol Verification of Dimensions and Optical Clarity: After curi... |
+ 723 sealant + sylgard sylgard Y N 5 frame + sylgard Y N 6 Caulking + sylgard hinges N N 7 RTV glue + sylgard hinges N N 8 723 sealant + sylgard hinges N N 9 Fuller frame + sylgard Y Y 10 thick edges only frame + sylgard Y Y 11 Fixed leaflets + frame + sylgard Y Y 12 PVB smoothed leaflets Y Y 13 Fixed PVB smooth leafl... |
1.01% was determined to produce accurate final dimensions post-smoothing, and all future leaflets were printed accordingly. Briseno 31 Figure 30: Different dimensions of PVB leaflets tested Figure 31; fixed closed leaflets made form PETG frame and PDMS Table 3: leaflet dimension analysis after printing and smoothing Sa... |
again. Finally, any remaining cavities were filled with Sylgard as needed to complete the leaflet structure. Briseno 33 Figure 32: Final leaflet fabrication process: 3D print mold + frame at 1.01% scale → smooth with 99% IPA (fill mold + natural evaporation) → add first layer of degassed sylgard → add frame → vacuum → ... |
both the valve and brace. The resulting component would then be inserted into the aortic test section with leaflets properly seated. However, due to time constraints, this final approach could not be tested. Figure 35: brace for the silicone valve (right) nd the silicone vae itself (left) Briseno 35 Aim #3: Validate th... |
physiological conditions using the silicone model and PIV system. As described in the initial proposal and illustrated in Figure 38, the laser would be directed at incremental vertical planes across the hinge, starting 15 mm from the top of the test section and moving downward. This setup aimed to capture high-shear je... |
determine whether the MHV remained hemodynamically stable and whether any abnormal flow features, such as recirculation, asymmetry, or high-velocity jets, emerged under varying cardiovascular states for different patient physiologies. Flow fields obtained through PIV at each condition were evaluated for deviations from... |
aortic sinus using a Transonic ultrasonic flow sensor, providing real-time data on volumetric flow through the system. Pressure measurements were obtained using two transducers positioned 1 inch upstream and 3 inches downstream of the mechanical valve, representing left ventricular pressure and aortic pressure, respect... |
on the camera. The system would work by rapidly taking images on the camera which would be Briseno 42 transferred to the computer. Because the rate at which the camera transferred images to the computer was slower than the speed at which the images were taken, the images would backup onto the camera 64gb storage, which... |
each cycle across six consecutive cardiac cycles. These values are reported in Table 4, which also includes the mean regurgitant volume and standard deviation for each test condition. Figure 47: integral settings se to create a graph of the total ml per beat for each beat across the data collected Table 4: average regu... |
performance from hemodynamic conditions. Table 5 highlights p values greater than 0.05 in red, indicating a lack of statistically significant difference from the baseline and suggesting that the observed variation may reflect random fluctuations rather than physiologically meaningful changes. Pressure Gradients: Pressu... |
31.842 29.705 31.095 31 31.565 1.453 Physio 60_SV70_Ppk140 28.388 28.43 28.493 28.6 28.507 28.338 28.459 0.094 Physio 60_SV90_Ppk140 28.212 28.375 28.311 28.437 28.133 28.324 28.299 0.110 Table 7:two-tailed t-est to check for significant difference between test conditions and baseline Avg. peak dPressure across 6 beats... |
to 180 mmHg at a constant stroke volume of 70 mL resulted in lower regurgitant volumes, indicating that elevated closing pressures may promote improved leaflet coaptation and reduce leakage. These findings are somewhat consistent with previously published in vitro studies. Durko et al. reported regurgitant volumes rang... |
the left ventricular and aortic pressure curves reach their maximum values, then return toward zero during valve opening when pressures in the ventricle and aorta equalize. However, in the Briseno 52 calculated curve, the values remained well below zero for most of the cycle. This suggests a misconfiguration during dat... |
at 140 mmHg, the pressure drop decreased as stroke volume increased. Stroke volumes of 50, 70, and 90 mL produced pressure drops of 31.565, 28.459, and 28.299 mmHg, respectively. This inverse relationship suggests that higher stroke volumes may facilitate smoother flow through the valve, reducing energy dissipation and... |
walls during valve closure and early diastole. These vortices play a functional role in aiding valve leaflet closure and promoting coronary perfusion, but they also generate localized recirculation zones that can trap blood and increase the risk of thrombosis. 5, 21 In test conditions such as SV70_Ppk125, the observed ... |
suggesting that the left ventricular pressure and Δ P signals may have been inadvertently swapped. As a result, the accuracy of the calculated transvalvular pressure gradient is uncertain, limiting confidence in comparisons between sensor and calculated pressure data. Another limitation was the rigidity of the silicone... |
The only variable that can be changed would be the orientation of the aortic sinus in the silicone model. However, the setup would need to be changed to study flow through the sinus when a valsalva is directly in line with the hinges of the valve. Any attempt to vary valve orientation would require repositioning both t... |
peak pressures to assess transvalvular pressure gradients, regurgitant volume, and flow dynamics. The results revealed clear correlations between hemodynamic loading conditions and valve behavior, including changes in velocity profiles, regurgitant flow, and vortex formation within the sinus region. The developed test ... |
+ 1.3831 Target RI = 1.41 1.41 = 0.1172x 2 + 0.1310x + 1.3831 X = 19% weight of the base solution of water and glycerol added to achieve an RI of 1.41 Appendix 5 - Past Project Proposal and Report Fall 2023 Project Proposal Spring 2024 Senior Project Final Report Appendix 5 - Raw + Analyzed Data Pressure and Flow Rate ... |
Durko, A., Budde, R. P. J., Geleijnse, M. L., & Kappetein, A. P. (2018). Recognition, assessment and management of the mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. Heart, 104(14), 1216–1223. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311473 11. Falk, K. L., R. Medero, and A. Roldán-Alzate. Fabrication of Low-Cos... |
flow cycle. ASAIO J. 39:M626–33, 1993. 21. Leo, H. L., & Sotiropoulos, F. (2006). Computational analysis of aortic flow disturbances caused by mechanical heart valve implantation. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 128(4), 588–594. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2345413 22. Leo, H.-L., Z. He, J. T. Ellis, and A. P. Yogan... |
1 Mock Circulatory Loop: Use of Sylgard 184 and Replication of Physiological Conditions In Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering By: Bryan A. Medina Lab Partner: Harvey Yamada May 2025 Department of Biomedical Engineering - San Jose State University Technical Advisor... |
this reason, cardiovascular disease is and will continue to be an ongoing problem that requires several modes of treatment depending on the patient and the severity of the CVD. When dealing with CVD, one potential course of treatment is the transplantation of viable organs. In general, the donation or allocation of an ... |
failure (CHF)12. A TAH functions by pneumatically pumping blood to the body through 4 mechanical valves and is made from polyurethane due to the material’s tensile properties23,24. The driver for the TAH is typically placed on the bedside of the patient but a portable version of the driver can be worn by the patient as... |
great hemodynamic performance without considerable side effects. However, the side-effects are unavoidable and some, such as hemolysis and thrombosis, can cause CAD malfunction, injury, and potentially even death36. Consequently, intense testing, verification, and validation of CAD reliability, safety, and efficiency i... |
7 vessel10. As a result, knowledge of these physiological parameters is crucial when utilizing MCLs for CAD research. It is even possible for a combination of CADs to be used in the M-MCL to be tested under varying physiological conditions36. As a result, M-MCLs are a great tool suitable for the testing of CADs, which ... |
In order to ensure that blood flow remains in one direction, a series of mechanisms, or heart valves, are present in each of the chambers of the heart and function by opening and closing due to changes in pressure experienced during myocardial contraction and relaxation21. Specifically, the heart contains four of these... |
for arterial compliance and 6.74 mL/mmHg for pulmonary venous compliance11. The conclusions of the study that used this MCL were that with a simulated systemic circulation, the authors were able to control the contractility of the ventricle11. Furthermore, Gregory goes on to state that vein compliance is roughly 24 tim... |
atherosclerosis, acute coronary heart syndrome, and atherosclerotic plaque ruptures32. As a result, it is important to be able to measure or even estimate the value of compliance through direct and indirect methods32. Direct methods are considered invasive due to the mechanical stress that is applied on the arteries in... |
further or potentially preventing the flow of blood34. Resistance is also a useful clinical parameter when dealing with patients whose blood pressure is significantly high or low34. 2.4. Hypotension & Hypertension In the sections for compliance and resistance, it was mentioned that increased and decreased pressure can ... |
other end of pressure values. In this case, a pressure reading of 90/60 mmHg would indicate hypotension, where there is not enough force of blood against the vessel wall5. A few common causes of low blood pressure include allergic reactions, dehydration, standing up too quickly, or a side effect from a prescription med... |
et al. found that in comparison to the operating parameters for the MCL and clinically obtained data, the output of the MCL matches values for CO and left-ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVED), particularly for the CHF/rest and partially recovered CHF/rest conditions19. There was only a difference of -1.8 mmHg betw... |
able to calculate the stroke volume variation by, using the MCL flow data, looking at the delta of stroke volume values at each respiration cycle, and taking the mean of stroke volume variations across all respiration cycles in a given step7. A few limitations of this study were that in its initial design, the MCL buil... |
and left ventricle ejection fractions at thirty and twenty percent respectively as well as an HVAD each to support each ventricle26. The second test case utilized the same setup as the first, only without the simulation of decreased right and left ventricle ejection fractions26. Instead, the HVADs were set up to functi... |
material used to house said fluid1. It is a requirement that the fluid should be as optically clear as possible and possess the same RI as the material of the test section/model because for any difference in RI, no matter how small, a certain degree of distortion can occur and invalidate any measurements collected1. In... |
is to revise and validate an experimental benchtop system, in this case the MCL, in order to replicate cardiac blood flow and perform testing of mechanical heart valves. There are several key components within the MCL that can be modified, re-designed, or eliminated in order to achieve physiological blood pressures and... |
mmHg, with a stroke volume between 50 to 100 mL per heart beat,30,2,5. 4. Materials & Methods 4.1. Materials The work performed towards this project will occur in Room 233J in the Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering building at San Jose State University. For safety requirements and security of the equipment in t... |
direction and prevent retrograde flow. Figure 8. Bi-leaflet Mechanical Heart Valve from St. Jude Another critical component of the MCL is the blood analog. A water-glycerol mixture with a 60/40 ratio is used for MCL experiments, this project will utilize distilled water as the blood analog during preliminary testing as... |
compliance chamber, or reservoir, is another component of the MCL. The purpose of this chamber is to replicate the elasticity of vasculature through a trapped volume of air. Two designs for this chamber will be considered, one made of acrylic and another 3D printed from resin. Since compliance is equal to the change in... |
to measure pressures one diameter in length upstream and three diameters in length downstream from the valve will directly impact the placement of the sensor probes for the differential pressure sensor. The location of the sensors were based on positions within the MCL that would facilitate more accurate pressure drop ... |
design configurations for this test section included being able to fit the mechanical heart valve from St. Jude as well as possessing two access ports from which to take pressure measurements from. Figure 7 displays the resulting mold models as well as the model for the Sylgard test section. 25 Figure 7. Solidworks Ass... |
the container to speed up the dissolution process of the PVB. Figure 8. IPA Dissolving Tank with connected water pump In order to obtain the pressure and flow profiles from the MCL with the Sylgard test section that will be compared to physiological data, a three factor, three level DOE was created. The three factors i... |
the MCL and evacuation of bubbles is complete, a flow sensor will be clamped to the 1” tygon tube that is upstream of the installed test section. Then the appropriate heart rate waveform and stroke volume will be selected on the Vivitro Superpump’s controller based on the experimental setup determined in Table 2. At th... |
One reservoir still remained in this setup; however, the container was changed from a glass beaker to a plastic container. Other changes to the MCL were the removal of the needle valve and replacement with a ball valve located after the reservoir tank. In total, three test conditions were executed for this iteration of... |
70 25 4.92 5.05 0.05 4.98 108.87 110.6 0.42 109.72 2 50 8.55 11.83 0.84 9.62 109.51 110.54 0.37 109.94 3 100 7.82 8.59 0.27 8.21 105.17 105.95 0.26 105.47 Figure 11. MCL June 2024 Peak Average Pressures The MCL underwent another change in September 2024. Now being the third iteration, this MCL shown in Figure 12, posse... |
peak pressures for the differential, left ventricular, and aortic pressures were calculated and tabulated in Table 6. The individual graphs for each test condition are located in Appendix B. Table 6. MCL September 2024 Pressure Readings Peak Differential Pressures (mmHg) Peak Aortic Pressures (mmHg) Peak Left Ventricul... |
total of 6 tests per resistance valve were performed. The experimental setups are shown in Table 7 and Table 8. Table 7. MCL November 2024 Experiment: Brass Needle Valve Table 8. MCL November 2024 Experiment: Nylon Ball Valve Test # HR SV Resistance Valve Position Valve Type 7 60 50 50 Nylon Ball 8 100 Nylon Ball Test ... |
75.5 134.32 136.03 0.51 134.89 Table 10. MCL November 2024 Pressure Readings: Nylon Ball Valve Peak Differential Pressures (mmHg) Peak Aortic Pressures (mmHg) Peak Left Ventricular Pressures (mmHg) Test # HR SV Resistance Valve Position Valve Type Min Max Std Dev. Avg. Min Max Std Dev. Avg. Min Max Std Dev. Avg. 7 60 5... |
tests are located in Appendix D. Table 12. MCL January 2025 Pressure Readings Peak Differential Pressures (mmHg) Peak Aortic Pressures (mmHg) Peak Left Ventricular Pressures (mmHg) Test # HR SV Resistance Valve Position Min Max Std Dev. Avg. Min Max Std Dev. Avg. Min Max Std Dev. Avg. 1 60 70 25 36.98 37.15 0.05 37.08 ... |
Sylgard test sections were then ready for a test fit into the MCL. However, the resulting Sylgard test section, as seen in Figure 18, did not possess the qualities needed for potentially performing PIV measurements in the future. Figure 18. Sylgard Test Section 43 The images in Figure 18 depict various bubbles present ... |
left to cure for three days prior to submerging the molds in the IPA dissolution tank to expose the cured Sylgard test sections. Figure 20. 2nd Iteration PVB Molds The resulting Sylgard test section molds are depicted below in Figure 21. Here, a much more transparent surface and interior of Sylgard was achieved, with t... |
Sylgard Test Section under the PIV camera As seen in Figure 24, there are concentrated areas of light throughout the Sylgard to the left of the St. Jude mechanical heart valve as well as vertical “lines” that are darker in appearance. As a result of this, the only measurements taken with the Sylgard test section in the... |
1.02 190.25 178.7 180.14 0.55 179.52 49 Table 14. MCL May 2025 Flow Rate Readings Peak Flow Rate (L/min) Test # HR SV Resistance Valve Position Min Max Std Dev. Avg. 1 60 70 25 17.1 17.48 0.12 17.25 2 50 18.99 19.56 0.16 19.24 3 100 19.36 20.04 0.22 19.73 4 90 70 25 19.61 21.23 0.47 19.95 5 50 23.14 25.4 0.74 24.06 6 1... |
would facilitate focusing on the pressure issue. A simple three test experiment was executed with the June 2024 MCL setup and from the results for each test along with the graphs found in Figure 11, the Left Ventricular average pressures were found within 5 mmHg or less of each other despite having different ball valve... |
and graphs seen in Figure 13, a general trend is observed for all three pressure sensor readings, which is that as the resistance valve opening increases, the pressure values decrease. Although resistance and compliance are not proportional or simply inversely related, as the resistance valve was opened in the MCL as a... |
valve increased. However, for the brass needle valve, only the aortic average pressures for tests 1-2 and 5-6 exhibited the opposite phenomenon where the pressure increased even when the resistance valve was opened from 50 to 100 percent. This variation in behavior could have been attributed to measurement artifacts co... |
was also collected on a mock circulation loop. In particular, Jeong et al. explored varying heart rate from 60 BPM to 100 BPM while keeping stroke volume fixed in one experiment, and varied stroke volume from 60 mL to 80 mL while keeping heart rate constant in a second experiment13. As seen in Figure 27, graphs a) and ... |
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CardioLab Papers Vector Database
SJSU Biomedical Engineering - CardioLab AI RAG System
Contents
- chunks.json: 417 text chunks from 16 CardioLab papers
- metadata.json: Paper names, pillar tags, chunk IDs
- embeddings.npy: 417x384 embeddings using all-MiniLM-L6-v2
- paper_stats.json: Stats per paper
Papers Included
MCL/PIV Pillar (7 papers)
- Final Report - Natalia Briseno
- BME MS Project Defense - MCL 2025
- Fabrication and Testing of Polycarbonate Heart Valves
- Monoleaflet Final Report
- BME 298 Final Project
- BME 198B Final Paper
- Zaky Aya Thesis
CKD Pillar (6 papers)
- Defense updated Adwait Pathak
- Updated Presentation
- Almary Bernal CKD Project Defense
- MS Final project report Ivana Kovac
- SMS Revised Final Report
- BME 198B Final Paper 6
TGT Pillar (3 papers)
- Final Report MAH team
- Design and Validation TGT Santosh Yhanira
- BME 198B Final Report improved
Usage
Used by CardioLab AI (huggingface.co/spaces/Saicharan21/CardioLab-AI) for RAG - retrieval augmented generation from actual SJSU lab papers.
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