| --- |
| license: cc-by-4.0 |
| task_categories: |
| - summarization |
| - text-generation |
| annotations_creators: |
| - found |
| language_creators: |
| - found |
| language: |
| - am |
| - az |
| - bn |
| - bo |
| - bs |
| - ku |
| - zh |
| - el |
| - en |
| - fa |
| - fr |
| - ht |
| - ha |
| - hy |
| - id |
| - ka |
| - km |
| - rw |
| - ko |
| - lo |
| - mk |
| - my |
| - nd |
| - pt |
| - ps |
| - ru |
| - sn |
| - so |
| - es |
| - sq |
| - sr |
| - sw |
| - th |
| - ti |
| - tr |
| - uk |
| - ur |
| - uz |
| - vi |
| pretty_name: LR-Sum |
| size_categories: |
| - 100K<n<1M |
| multilinguality: |
| - multilingual |
| tags: |
| - conditional-text-generation |
| viewer: true |
| configs: |
| - config_name: amh |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: amh/test-* |
| - config_name: aze |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: aze/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: aze/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: aze/validation-* |
| - config_name: ben |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: ben/test-* |
| - config_name: bod |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: bod/test-* |
| - config_name: bos |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: bos/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: bos/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: bos/validation-* |
| - config_name: ckb |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: ckb/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: ckb/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: ckb/validation-* |
| - config_name: cmn_s |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: cmn_s/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: cmn_s/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: cmn_s/validation-* |
| - config_name: cmn_t |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: cmn_t/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: cmn_t/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: cmn_t/validation-* |
| - config_name: ell |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: ell/test-* |
| - config_name: eng |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: eng/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: eng/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: eng/validation-* |
| - config_name: fas |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: fas/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: fas/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: fas/validation-* |
| - config_name: fra |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: fra/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: fra/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: fra/validation-* |
| - config_name: hat |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: hat/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: hat/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: hat/validation-* |
| - config_name: hau |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: hau/test-* |
| - config_name: hye |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: hye/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: hye/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: hye/validation-* |
| - config_name: ind |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: ind/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: ind/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: ind/validation-* |
| - config_name: kat |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: kat/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: kat/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: kat/validation-* |
| - config_name: khm |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: khm/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: khm/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: khm/validation-* |
| - config_name: kin |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: kin/test-* |
| - config_name: kmr |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: kmr/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: kmr/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: kmr/validation-* |
| - config_name: kor |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: kor/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: kor/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: kor/validation-* |
| - config_name: lao |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: lao/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: lao/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: lao/validation-* |
| - config_name: mkd |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: mkd/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: mkd/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: mkd/validation-* |
| - config_name: mya |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: mya/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: mya/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: mya/validation-* |
| - config_name: nde |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: nde/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: nde/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: nde/validation-* |
| - config_name: por |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: por/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: por/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: por/validation-* |
| - config_name: prs |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: prs/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: prs/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: prs/validation-* |
| - config_name: pus |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: pus/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: pus/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: pus/validation-* |
| - config_name: rus |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: rus/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: rus/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: rus/validation-* |
| - config_name: sna |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: sna/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: sna/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: sna/validation-* |
| - config_name: som |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: som/test-* |
| - config_name: spa |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: spa/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: spa/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: spa/validation-* |
| - config_name: sqi |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: sqi/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: sqi/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: sqi/validation-* |
| - config_name: srp |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: srp/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: srp/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: srp/validation-* |
| - config_name: swh |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: swh/test-* |
| - config_name: tha |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: tha/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: tha/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: tha/validation-* |
| - config_name: tir |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: tir/test-* |
| - config_name: tur |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: tur/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: tur/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: tur/validation-* |
| - config_name: ukr |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: ukr/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: ukr/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: ukr/validation-* |
| - config_name: urd |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: urd/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: urd/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: urd/validation-* |
| - config_name: uzb |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: uzb/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: uzb/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: uzb/validation-* |
| - config_name: vie |
| data_files: |
| - split: test |
| path: vie/test-* |
| - split: train |
| path: vie/train-* |
| - split: validation |
| path: vie/validation-* |
| dataset_info: |
| - config_name: amh |
| features: |
| - name: id |
| dtype: string |
| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
| dtype: string |
| - name: summary |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: test |
| num_bytes: 661238 |
| num_examples: 154 |
| download_size: 336803 |
| dataset_size: 661238 |
| - config_name: aze |
| features: |
| - name: id |
| dtype: string |
| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
| dtype: string |
| - name: summary |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: test |
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| num_examples: 811 |
| - name: train |
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| num_examples: 6487 |
| - name: validation |
| num_bytes: 2653949 |
| num_examples: 810 |
| download_size: 15117096 |
| dataset_size: 27028321 |
| - config_name: ben |
| features: |
| - name: id |
| dtype: string |
| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
| dtype: string |
| - name: summary |
| dtype: string |
| - name: text |
| dtype: string |
| splits: |
| - name: test |
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| num_examples: 715 |
| download_size: 1597837 |
| dataset_size: 4111932 |
| - config_name: bod |
| features: |
| - name: id |
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| - name: url |
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| - name: title |
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| - name: summary |
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| - name: text |
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| splits: |
| - name: test |
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| num_examples: 182 |
| download_size: 694122 |
| dataset_size: 2423126 |
| - config_name: bos |
| features: |
| - name: id |
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| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
| dtype: string |
| - name: summary |
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| - name: text |
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| - name: test |
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| num_examples: 1456 |
| - name: train |
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| num_examples: 11648 |
| - name: validation |
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| num_examples: 1455 |
| download_size: 30934781 |
| dataset_size: 47160433 |
| - config_name: ckb |
| features: |
| - name: id |
| dtype: string |
| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
| dtype: string |
| - name: summary |
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| - name: text |
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| num_examples: 500 |
| - name: train |
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| num_examples: 1230 |
| - name: validation |
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| num_examples: 500 |
| download_size: 6054129 |
| dataset_size: 13817963 |
| - config_name: cmn_s |
| features: |
| - name: id |
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| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
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| - name: summary |
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| - name: text |
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| num_examples: 500 |
| - name: train |
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| num_examples: 483 |
| - name: validation |
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| num_examples: 500 |
| download_size: 4786850 |
| dataset_size: 7221533 |
| - config_name: cmn_t |
| features: |
| - name: id |
| dtype: string |
| - name: url |
| dtype: string |
| - name: title |
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| - name: summary |
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| - name: text |
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| num_examples: 500 |
| - name: train |
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| - name: validation |
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| num_examples: 500 |
| download_size: 7934145 |
| dataset_size: 11834052 |
| - config_name: ell |
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| - name: test |
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| - config_name: eng |
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| - name: summary |
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| - name: validation |
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| num_examples: 2621 |
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| - config_name: fas |
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| - name: validation |
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| dataset_size: 68815194 |
| - config_name: fra |
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| - name: validation |
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| num_examples: 500 |
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| dataset_size: 5897782 |
| - config_name: hat |
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| - config_name: hau |
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| - config_name: hye |
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| - config_name: ind |
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| - config_name: kat |
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| - config_name: khm |
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| --- |
| # Dataset Card for LR-Sum |
|
|
| LR-Sum is a automatic summarization dataset of newswire text with a focus on less resourced languages with a cc-by 4.0 license. |
|
|
|
|
| ## Dataset Details |
|
|
| ### Dataset Description |
|
|
| LR-Sum is a permissively-licensed dataset created with the goal of enabling further research in automatic summarization for less-resourced languages. |
| LR-Sum contains human-written summaries for 39 languages, many of which are less-resourced. |
| The data is based on the collection of the Multilingual Open Text corpus where the source data is public domain newswire collected from from Voice of America websites. |
| LR-Sum is released under a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0), making it one of the most openly-licensed multilingual summarization datasets. |
|
|
| - **Curated by:** BLT Lab: Chester Palen-Michel and Constantine Lignos |
| - **Shared by:** Chester Palen-Michel |
| - **Language(s) (NLP):** Albanian, Amharic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bengali, Bosnian, Burmese, Chinese, English, French, Georgian, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Indonesian, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Kurdish, Lao, Macedonian, Northern Ndebele, Pashto, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Shona, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Tibetan, Tigrinya, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uzbek, Vietnamese |
| - **License:** CC-BY 4.0 |
|
|
| ### Dataset Sources [optional] |
|
|
| Multilingual Open Text v1.6 |
| which is a collection of newswire text from Voice of America (VOA). |
|
|
| - **Paper:** [https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.427/](https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.427/) |
| - **Repository:** [https://github.com/bltlab/lr-sum](https://github.com/bltlab/lr-sum) |
|
|
|
|
| ## Uses |
|
|
| The dataset is intended for research in automatic summarization in various languages, especially for less resourced languages. |
|
|
| ### Direct Use |
|
|
| The data can be used for training text generation models to generate short summaries of news articles in many languages. |
| Automatic evaluation of automatic summarization is another use case, though we encourage also conducting human evaluation of any model trained for summarization. |
|
|
| ### Out-of-Scope Use |
|
|
| This dataset only includes newswire text, so models trained on the data may not be effective for out of domain summarization. |
|
|
|
|
| ## Dataset Structure |
|
|
| Each field is a string: |
| ``` |
| { |
| 'id': Article unique id |
| 'url': URL for the news article |
| 'title': The title of the news article |
| 'summary': The summary of the article |
| 'text': The full text of the news article not including title |
| } |
| ``` |
|
|
|
|
| ## Dataset Creation |
|
|
| ### Curation Rationale |
|
|
| Research in automatic summarization for less resourced languages. |
|
|
| ### Source Data |
|
|
| Voice of America (VOA) |
|
|
| #### Data Collection and Processing |
|
|
| See our [paper](https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.427/) for details on collection and processing. |
|
|
|
|
| #### Who are the source data producers? |
|
|
| Voice of America (VOA) |
|
|
| #### Annotation process |
|
|
| The summaries are found in news article meta data. More detail about the curation process can be found in our paper. |
|
|
| #### Who are the annotators? |
|
|
| The summaries are found in the news article meta data. The authors of the summaries are authors and staff for VOA. |
|
|
|
|
| #### Personal and Sensitive Information |
|
|
| The only sensative personal information would be information already published in news articles on VOA. |
| See [VOA's mission and values](https://www.insidevoa.com/p/5831.html#:~:text=VOA%20has%20a%20legal%20obligation,sites%20at%20the%20earliest%20opportunity.) |
|
|
| ## Bias, Risks, and Limitations |
|
|
| The content in this dataset is newswire. |
| See [VOA's mission and values](https://www.insidevoa.com/p/5831.html#:~:text=VOA%20has%20a%20legal%20obligation,sites%20at%20the%20earliest%20opportunity.) for more detail about the journalistic integrity and policy. |
|
|
|
|
| ### Recommendations |
|
|
| The data is newswire text. Training text generation models on this dataset will have similar risks and limitations to other text generation models including hallucinations and potentially inaccurate statements. |
| For some languages that have fewer examples, issues with text generation models are likely to be more pronounced. |
| The dataset is primarily released for research despite having a permissive license. |
| We encourage users to thoroughly test and evaluate any models trained using this data before putting them into production environments. |
|
|
| ## Citation |
|
|
| If you make use of this dataset, please cite our paper using this bibtex: |
|
|
| **BibTeX:** |
| ``` |
| @inproceedings{palen-michel-lignos-2023-lr, |
| title = "{LR}-Sum: Summarization for Less-Resourced Languages", |
| author = "Palen-Michel, Chester and |
| Lignos, Constantine", |
| editor = "Rogers, Anna and |
| Boyd-Graber, Jordan and |
| Okazaki, Naoaki", |
| booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023", |
| month = jul, |
| year = "2023", |
| address = "Toronto, Canada", |
| publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics", |
| url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.427", |
| doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.findings-acl.427", |
| pages = "6829--6844", |
| abstract = "We introduce LR-Sum, a new permissively-licensed dataset created with the goal of enabling further research in automatic summarization for less-resourced languages.LR-Sum contains human-written summaries for 40 languages, many of which are less-resourced. We describe our process for extracting and filtering the dataset from the Multilingual Open Text corpus (Palen-Michel et al., 2022).The source data is public domain newswire collected from from Voice of America websites, and LR-Sum is released under a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0), making it one of the most openly-licensed multilingual summarization datasets. We describe abstractive and extractive summarization experiments to establish baselines and discuss the limitations of this dataset.", |
| } |
| ``` |
|
|
| ## Dataset Card Authors |
|
|
| Chester Palen-Michel [@cpalenmichel](https://github.com/cpalenmichel) |
|
|
| ## Dataset Card Contact |
|
|
| Chester Palen-Michel [@cpalenmichel](https://github.com/cpalenmichel) |
