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GPUNet

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GPUNet: Optimized for Mobile Deployment

Imagenet classifier and general purpose backbone

GPUNet is a machine learning model that can classify images from the Imagenet dataset. It can also be used as a backbone in building more complex models for specific use cases.

This model is an implementation of GPUNet found here.

This repository provides scripts to run GPUNet on Qualcomm® devices. More details on model performance across various devices, can be found here.

Model Details

  • Model Type: Model_use_case.image_classification
  • Model Stats:
    • Model checkpoint: Imagenet
    • Input resolution: 224x224
    • Number of parameters: 10.49M
    • Model size (float): 45.28MB
    • Model size (w8a8): 21.3MB
Model Precision Device Chipset Target Runtime Inference Time (ms) Peak Memory Range (MB) Primary Compute Unit Target Model
GPUNet float QCS8275 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8275 (Proxy) TFLITE 4.646 ms 0 - 152 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float QCS8275 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8275 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 4.645 ms 1 - 125 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float QCS8450 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8450 (Proxy) TFLITE 2.252 ms 0 - 186 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float QCS8450 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8450 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 2.251 ms 1 - 161 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) TFLITE 1.211 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.244 ms 1 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) ONNX 1.209 ms 0 - 29 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet float QCS9075 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS9075 (Proxy) TFLITE 7.046 ms 0 - 152 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float QCS9075 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS9075 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.704 ms 1 - 126 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float SA7255P ADP Qualcomm® SA7255P TFLITE 4.646 ms 0 - 152 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float SA7255P ADP Qualcomm® SA7255P QNN_DLC 4.645 ms 1 - 125 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float SA8255 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8255P (Proxy) TFLITE 1.212 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float SA8255 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8255P (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.243 ms 1 - 3 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float SA8295P ADP Qualcomm® SA8295P TFLITE 2.213 ms 0 - 159 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float SA8295P ADP Qualcomm® SA8295P QNN_DLC 2.228 ms 1 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float SA8650 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8650P (Proxy) TFLITE 1.213 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float SA8650 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8650P (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.245 ms 1 - 3 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float SA8775P ADP Qualcomm® SA8775P TFLITE 7.046 ms 0 - 152 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float SA8775P ADP Qualcomm® SA8775P QNN_DLC 1.704 ms 1 - 126 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile TFLITE 0.897 ms 0 - 183 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.9 ms 1 - 159 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile ONNX 0.881 ms 0 - 128 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet float Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile TFLITE 0.699 ms 0 - 154 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile QNN_DLC 0.695 ms 0 - 129 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile ONNX 0.715 ms 0 - 103 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet float Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile TFLITE 0.564 ms 0 - 154 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet float Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.569 ms 1 - 129 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile ONNX 0.619 ms 0 - 100 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet float Snapdragon X Elite CRD Snapdragon® X Elite QNN_DLC 1.364 ms 1 - 1 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet float Snapdragon X Elite CRD Snapdragon® X Elite ONNX 1.122 ms 24 - 24 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 Dragonwing Q-6690 MTP Qualcomm® Qcm6690 QNN_DLC 6.567 ms 0 - 145 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Dragonwing Q-6690 MTP Qualcomm® Qcm6690 ONNX 53.54 ms 26 - 40 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 Dragonwing RB3 Gen 2 Vision Kit Qualcomm® QCS6490 QNN_DLC 3.208 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Dragonwing RB3 Gen 2 Vision Kit Qualcomm® QCS6490 ONNX 101.582 ms 19 - 34 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 QCS8275 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8275 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 2.515 ms 0 - 134 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 QCS8450 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8450 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.445 ms 0 - 158 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.067 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) ONNX 1.009 ms 0 - 16 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 QCS9075 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS9075 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 5.508 ms 0 - 134 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 RB5 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8250 (Proxy) ONNX 45.136 ms 21 - 38 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 SA7255P ADP Qualcomm® SA7255P QNN_DLC 2.515 ms 0 - 134 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 SA8255 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8255P (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.069 ms 0 - 3 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 SA8295P ADP Qualcomm® SA8295P QNN_DLC 1.648 ms 0 - 140 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 SA8650 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8650P (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.075 ms 0 - 3 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 SA8775P ADP Qualcomm® SA8775P QNN_DLC 5.508 ms 0 - 134 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.77 ms 0 - 158 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile ONNX 0.703 ms 0 - 137 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile QNN_DLC 0.527 ms 0 - 139 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile ONNX 0.537 ms 0 - 113 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 QRD Snapdragon® 7 Gen 4 Mobile QNN_DLC 1.302 ms 0 - 141 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 QRD Snapdragon® 7 Gen 4 Mobile ONNX 51.701 ms 30 - 46 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.442 ms 0 - 138 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile ONNX 0.482 ms 0 - 115 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a16 Snapdragon X Elite CRD Snapdragon® X Elite QNN_DLC 1.242 ms 0 - 0 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a16 Snapdragon X Elite CRD Snapdragon® X Elite ONNX 0.973 ms 12 - 12 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 Dragonwing Q-6690 MTP Qualcomm® Qcm6690 TFLITE 3.026 ms 0 - 137 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 Dragonwing Q-6690 MTP Qualcomm® Qcm6690 QNN_DLC 3.55 ms 0 - 138 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Dragonwing Q-6690 MTP Qualcomm® Qcm6690 ONNX 10.103 ms 0 - 14 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 Dragonwing RB3 Gen 2 Vision Kit Qualcomm® QCS6490 TFLITE 1.51 ms 0 - 16 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 Dragonwing RB3 Gen 2 Vision Kit Qualcomm® QCS6490 QNN_DLC 2.003 ms 2 - 4 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Dragonwing RB3 Gen 2 Vision Kit Qualcomm® QCS6490 ONNX 16.955 ms 4 - 18 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8275 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8275 (Proxy) TFLITE 1.12 ms 0 - 131 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8275 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8275 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 1.435 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8450 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8450 (Proxy) TFLITE 0.685 ms 0 - 155 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8450 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8450 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 0.875 ms 0 - 157 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) TFLITE 0.432 ms 0 - 3 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 0.623 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 QCS8550 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8550 (Proxy) ONNX 0.797 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 QCS9075 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS9075 (Proxy) TFLITE 0.626 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 QCS9075 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS9075 (Proxy) QNN_DLC 0.808 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 RB5 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8250 (Proxy) TFLITE 10.117 ms 0 - 73 MB GPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 RB5 (Proxy) Qualcomm® QCS8250 (Proxy) ONNX 9.863 ms 7 - 19 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 SA7255P ADP Qualcomm® SA7255P TFLITE 1.12 ms 0 - 131 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 SA7255P ADP Qualcomm® SA7255P QNN_DLC 1.435 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 SA8255 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8255P (Proxy) TFLITE 0.427 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 SA8255 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8255P (Proxy) QNN_DLC 0.624 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 SA8295P ADP Qualcomm® SA8295P TFLITE 0.85 ms 0 - 137 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 SA8295P ADP Qualcomm® SA8295P QNN_DLC 1.052 ms 0 - 138 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 SA8650 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8650P (Proxy) TFLITE 0.43 ms 0 - 3 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 SA8650 (Proxy) Qualcomm® SA8650P (Proxy) QNN_DLC 0.617 ms 0 - 2 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 SA8775P ADP Qualcomm® SA8775P TFLITE 0.626 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 SA8775P ADP Qualcomm® SA8775P QNN_DLC 0.808 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile TFLITE 0.34 ms 0 - 156 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.465 ms 0 - 158 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Samsung Galaxy S24 Snapdragon® 8 Gen 3 Mobile ONNX 0.57 ms 0 - 132 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile TFLITE 0.275 ms 0 - 136 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile QNN_DLC 0.34 ms 0 - 136 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Samsung Galaxy S25 Snapdragon® 8 Elite For Galaxy Mobile ONNX 0.501 ms 0 - 111 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 QRD Snapdragon® 7 Gen 4 Mobile TFLITE 0.639 ms 0 - 137 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 QRD Snapdragon® 7 Gen 4 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.803 ms 0 - 138 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 QRD Snapdragon® 7 Gen 4 Mobile ONNX 9.278 ms 10 - 25 MB CPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile TFLITE 0.242 ms 0 - 137 MB NPU GPUNet.tflite
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile QNN_DLC 0.286 ms 0 - 138 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 QRD Snapdragon® 8 Elite Gen5 Mobile ONNX 0.468 ms 0 - 113 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon X Elite CRD Snapdragon® X Elite QNN_DLC 0.717 ms 0 - 0 MB NPU GPUNet.dlc
GPUNet w8a8 Snapdragon X Elite CRD Snapdragon® X Elite ONNX 0.714 ms 12 - 12 MB NPU GPUNet.onnx.zip

Installation

Install the package via pip:

pip install qai-hub-models

Configure Qualcomm® AI Hub Workbench to run this model on a cloud-hosted device

Sign-in to Qualcomm® AI Hub Workbench with your Qualcomm® ID. Once signed in navigate to Account -> Settings -> API Token.

With this API token, you can configure your client to run models on the cloud hosted devices.

qai-hub configure --api_token API_TOKEN

Navigate to docs for more information.

Demo off target

The package contains a simple end-to-end demo that downloads pre-trained weights and runs this model on a sample input.

python -m qai_hub_models.models.gpunet.demo

The above demo runs a reference implementation of pre-processing, model inference, and post processing.

NOTE: If you want running in a Jupyter Notebook or Google Colab like environment, please add the following to your cell (instead of the above).

%run -m qai_hub_models.models.gpunet.demo

Run model on a cloud-hosted device

In addition to the demo, you can also run the model on a cloud-hosted Qualcomm® device. This script does the following:

  • Performance check on-device on a cloud-hosted device
  • Downloads compiled assets that can be deployed on-device for Android.
  • Accuracy check between PyTorch and on-device outputs.
python -m qai_hub_models.models.gpunet.export

How does this work?

This export script leverages Qualcomm® AI Hub to optimize, validate, and deploy this model on-device. Lets go through each step below in detail:

Step 1: Compile model for on-device deployment

To compile a PyTorch model for on-device deployment, we first trace the model in memory using the jit.trace and then call the submit_compile_job API.

import torch

import qai_hub as hub
from qai_hub_models.models.gpunet import Model

# Load the model
torch_model = Model.from_pretrained()

# Device
device = hub.Device("Samsung Galaxy S25")

# Trace model
input_shape = torch_model.get_input_spec()
sample_inputs = torch_model.sample_inputs()

pt_model = torch.jit.trace(torch_model, [torch.tensor(data[0]) for _, data in sample_inputs.items()])

# Compile model on a specific device
compile_job = hub.submit_compile_job(
    model=pt_model,
    device=device,
    input_specs=torch_model.get_input_spec(),
)

# Get target model to run on-device
target_model = compile_job.get_target_model()

Step 2: Performance profiling on cloud-hosted device

After compiling models from step 1. Models can be profiled model on-device using the target_model. Note that this scripts runs the model on a device automatically provisioned in the cloud. Once the job is submitted, you can navigate to a provided job URL to view a variety of on-device performance metrics.

profile_job = hub.submit_profile_job(
    model=target_model,
    device=device,
)

Step 3: Verify on-device accuracy

To verify the accuracy of the model on-device, you can run on-device inference on sample input data on the same cloud hosted device.

input_data = torch_model.sample_inputs()
inference_job = hub.submit_inference_job(
    model=target_model,
    device=device,
    inputs=input_data,
)
    on_device_output = inference_job.download_output_data()

With the output of the model, you can compute like PSNR, relative errors or spot check the output with expected output.

Note: This on-device profiling and inference requires access to Qualcomm® AI Hub Workbench. Sign up for access.

Deploying compiled model to Android

The models can be deployed using multiple runtimes:

  • TensorFlow Lite (.tflite export): This tutorial provides a guide to deploy the .tflite model in an Android application.

  • QNN (.so export ): This sample app provides instructions on how to use the .so shared library in an Android application.

View on Qualcomm® AI Hub

Get more details on GPUNet's performance across various devices here. Explore all available models on Qualcomm® AI Hub

License

  • The license for the original implementation of GPUNet can be found here.

References

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